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WO2019062680A1 - 一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置、伸缩吊臂、起重机及其伸缩锁定方法 - Google Patents

一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置、伸缩吊臂、起重机及其伸缩锁定方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062680A1
WO2019062680A1 PCT/CN2018/107187 CN2018107187W WO2019062680A1 WO 2019062680 A1 WO2019062680 A1 WO 2019062680A1 CN 2018107187 W CN2018107187 W CN 2018107187W WO 2019062680 A1 WO2019062680 A1 WO 2019062680A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positioning member
arm
inner arm
shutter
boss
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/107187
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈奕松
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201721274610.6U external-priority patent/CN207276086U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711470791.4A external-priority patent/CN108116995B/zh
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2019062680A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062680A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/708—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a telescopic boom of a crane, in particular to a locking device and a telescopic locking method of the telescopic boom.
  • telescopic boom expansion and contraction There are two main types of telescopic boom expansion and contraction.
  • One is the linkage between the telescopic cylinder and the steel wire rope to realize the simultaneous expansion and contraction of the multi-stage boom.
  • the principle is simple and fast, but there is no locking device between the adjacent booms.
  • the heavy-duty telescopic mechanism has a large load, it limits the lifting capacity, and the internal arrangement is difficult, and the gap between the arms is large, which is not conducive to the optimization of the design of the arm.
  • the synchronous expansion is currently only applicable to the 5-section arm. Small to medium tonnage cranes.
  • Another type of telescopic expansion is a single-cylinder bolt telescopic method suitable for large-tonnage cranes. This method can be made thinner and compact because the cylinder does not bear the lifting weight.
  • the disadvantage is that the speed is slow, the machining accuracy is high, and the control is complicated.
  • the oil circuit is arranged separately and it is not convenient to maintain.
  • the invention patent CN101492145B discloses a crane telescopic boom self-locking device capable of automatically clutching a lock plate, which device does not need to use a clutch controller for an external power supply source, but is provided with a clutch for the inner arm arm plate and the lock plate.
  • the drive boss and the differential clutch state locking device disposed under the lock plate realize the clutch control of the lock plate.
  • the boom telescopic device does not bear the lifting load when the crane is hoisted. Thereby, the boom telescopic mechanism can be greatly simplified, the performance of the boom can be optimized, and the crane working ability can be improved.
  • the patented technology also found some problems during the implementation process.
  • the lock plate and the boom arm plate are arranged in parallel, the lock plate and the lock plate clutch controller occupy a large space, which is contrary to the current compact design trend of the boom head.
  • the lateral locking force acting on the lock plate exerts a great pressure on the arm plate of the pressing portion, which adversely affects the local strength and stability of the arm plate.
  • this clutch controller for the lock plate design is not suitable for other boom positioning members such as bolts or card plates.
  • the clutch state locking device has high manufacturing requirements and poor working stability.
  • the present invention provides a locking device for a telescopic boom, and the specific scheme is as follows.
  • a locking device for a telescopic boom comprising an outer arm and an inner arm capable of telescopic movement relative to the outer arm, wherein the locking device comprises:
  • a positioning member movably disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, the positioning member having an open state allowing the inner arm to freely expand and contract with respect to the outer arm and a closed state preventing the inner arm from retracting, locking and unlocking the telescopic boom Respectively corresponding to the closed state and the open state of the positioning member, the positioning member is provided with a return spring, and the return spring provides a pushing force for pushing the positioning member to the closed state;
  • the positioning member and the blocking portion are respectively located on the outer arm and the inner arm, or the positioning member and the blocking portion Separatingly located on the inner arm and the outer arm; when the positioning member is in the closed state, the blocking portion and the positioning member abut each other to realize the retracting locking of the inner arm; when the positioning member is in the open state, the inner arm is free Telescopic
  • a positioning member opening device for switching the positioning member from a closed state to an open state
  • the positioning member opening device comprising a driving boss disposed on the inner or outer arm, the driving The boss and the blocking portion are located on the same inner or outer arm, and the positioning member is triggered to be turned on by the driving boss, and the positioning member has an automatic opening function when the inner arm is extended from the locked state.
  • the positioning member state maintaining and resetting device includes a reset boss disposed on the inner arm or the outer arm, the reset boss and the blocking portion are located on the same inner or outer arm, and the positioning member is subjected to the The reset boss triggers to switch to the closed state.
  • the blocking portion is a hole slot and/or a blocking plate, and when the positioning member is in a closed state, the positioning member can abut the side wall of the hole groove and/or the blocking plate, The side of the aperture opposite the side wall is provided with a ramp and/or a gap for withdrawing the positioning member from the aperture when the inner arm is extended.
  • the positioning member is a latch or a shutter.
  • the latch or the shutter is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the boom, and the shape of the positioning member is not limited, and may be a cylindrical shape, a wedge shape, a flat shape, or the like; preferably, the positioning member is a shutter, a side of the shutter that abuts the blocking portion is a front surface, and a side of the shutter opposite to the front surface
  • the locking device further includes at least one abutting portion fixedly disposed on the inner side of the outer arm or outside the inner arm, and located on the back side of the shutter, the abutting The abutting portion and the ram are located on the same outer arm or inner arm.
  • the blocking portion When viewed along the telescopic direction, the blocking portion is staggered with the abutting portion, and when the ram is in a closed state, the blocking portion is pressed The plate and the ram are pressed against the abutting portion to realize the retracting locking of the inner arm, and the axial load in the retracting direction of the inner arm is transmitted by the blocking portion through the ram to the abutting portion and the outer arm or the axial load is abutted by the abutting portion Passed through the gate to the blocking and outer arms; when the shutter is open When the inner arm is free to expand and contract, the blocking portion and the abutting portion do not interfere; preferably, the abutting portion is abutting plate or a stopper.
  • the pin or the shutter is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the boom when the positioning member is in the closed state, the transmission of the locking force is along the telescopic direction, and the component perpendicular to the telescopic direction is not generated, which is advantageous for installation.
  • the structure of the arm plate of the positioning member is safe, and at the same time, the size of the entire locking device can be significantly reduced.
  • the positioning member further has a bolt head, and when the positioning member is in a closed state, the positioning member abuts against the blocking plate, and the bolt head is inserted into the hole groove.
  • the positioning member opening device includes a driving boss disposed on the inner arm or the outer arm, and the driving boss and the blocking portion are located on the same inner arm or outer arm, and the driving The boss has a slope that drives the movement of the positioning member.
  • the positioning member is driven by the slope to open directly.
  • the driving boss and the blocking plate are combined into one component, and the inclined surface of the driving boss is located at an end facing away from the blocking plate and the positioning member, so that the number of components can be increased without accident, and the positioning member can be accidentally closed.
  • the non-abutting portion of the blocking plate (the non-abutting portion is the end facing away from the blocking plate and the positioning member) is prevented from causing an unnecessary frontal collision with the positioning member.
  • a slope and/or a roller is provided at one end of the positioning member in contact with the inclined surface.
  • the positioning member opening device includes a driving boss disposed on the inner arm or the outer arm, and a first swinging bar disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, the driving boss and the blocking portion Located on the same inner or outer arm, the first swinging bar and the positioning member are located on the same outer arm or inner arm, and the first swinging bar is rotatable around a pivotal point of the middle of the first swinging bar, first One end of the swinging rod is connected to the positioning member by a cord, and the other end of the first swinging rod is driven by the driving boss to realize the rotation of the first swinging rod, and the positioning member is lifted by the soft cord to open;
  • the positioning member opening device comprises a driving boss disposed on the inner arm or the outer arm and a second swinging rod disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, and one end of the second swinging rod is hinged On the arm, the other end of the second swinging rod is movably connected to the positioning member, and a middle portion of the second swinging rod is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion can be driven by the driving boss to realize the rotation of the second swinging rod.
  • the positioning member is opened by the second swing lever.
  • the positioning member opening device comprises a triggering member disposed on the inner or outer arm and an electric driving mechanism disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, the triggering member is connected to the electric driving mechanism, The positioning member is driven to be opened by the electric drive mechanism.
  • the positioning member state maintaining and resetting device includes a fixing pin that can be inserted into the pin hole of the positioning member, a first spring sleeved on the fixing pin, a rotating shaft, and a fork disposed on the rotating shaft and a handle, and a reset boss mounted on the inner arm or the outer arm, the fixing pin and the rotating shaft are disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, and the first spring provides a thrust for inserting the fixing pin into the pin hole
  • the fixing pin is inserted into the pin hole
  • the positioning member is maintained in the open state; when the rocker is pushed by the reset boss, the rotating shaft and the fork are rotated, and the fork is rotated Pushing the fixing pin away from the pin hole, and the positioning member is switched from the open state to the closed state by the return spring; the reset boss and the blocking portion are located on the same inner arm or outer arm,
  • the fixing pin, the rotating shaft and the positioning member are simultaneously disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm;
  • the positioning member state maintaining and resetting device comprises a retaining spring disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, a retaining portion disposed on the positioning member, a driving swing lever disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, and a second a cord and a reset boss mounted on the inner or outer arm; the end of the retaining spring abuts against the retaining portion to maintain the positioning member in an open state after the positioning member is opened;
  • the driving swing rod is rotatable about a pivot point of the middle of the driving swing rod, one end of the driving swing rod is connected to the stopping spring piece through the second soft rope, and the other end can be driven by the reset boss to realize the driving swing rod Rotating, the retracting spring is pulled back by the second soft rope, so that the one end of the anti-return spring is separated from the holding portion, and the positioning is performed by the return spring
  • the member is switched from an open state to a closed state; the reset boss is located on the same inner or outer arm as the blocking portion, and the driving rocker and the positioning
  • the positioning member state maintaining and resetting device includes a fixing pin insertable into the pin hole of the positioning member, a second spring sleeved on the fixing pin, an electromagnet connected to the fixing pin, a position switch, and a reset a boss, the second spring providing a thrust for inserting the fixing pin into the pin hole; when the fixing pin is inserted into the pin hole, the positioning member is maintained in the open state; when the reset boss is triggered
  • the position switch is connected to the electromagnet power supply to pull out the fixing pin, and the positioning member is switched from an open state to a closed state by the return spring, and the reset boss is located in the same state as the blocking portion
  • the electromagnet, the position switch and the positioning member are simultaneously disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm.
  • the force taking parts are such as a crank handle, a swing rod, a cam, etc.
  • the transmission parts are such as a lever, a soft rope, a rotating shaft, etc., and are guided by a pulley, a flexible shaft, etc.
  • Electromagnets can also be used in different forms of electronic control devices, and position switches can also be used in different ways, such as contact or induction.
  • the various positioning member opening and resetting devices described above can also be deformed and flexibly combined with a variety of new opening and resetting devices, and the driving boss, the reset boss, and the blocking portion can also be disposed at multiple locations along the telescopic direction.
  • the driving boss, the reset boss, and the blocking portion are all provided in a plurality of directions.
  • the reset boss triggers the positioning member state to maintain and the reset device switches the positioning member from the open state to the closed state, and when the inner arm is retracted, the blocking portion and the positioning member abut each other, Retracting locking of the inner arm is realized, and when the inner arm is extended again, the corresponding driving boss switches the positioning member from the closed state to the open state, and the positioning member state is maintained and the reset device holds the positioning member in the open state, and the inner arm is free Telescopic; when the inner arm is extended to each of the reset bosses, the position of the positioning member is maintained and the position of the resetting device can be retracted and locked, and when the inner arm is extended again, the driving boss triggers the positioning member opening device again The positioning member is opened to unlock the telescopic boom, so that the inner arm retracting locking with a plurality of predetermined length
  • the locking device further includes a slot box fixed on the outer arm or the inner arm for accommodating the positioning member, and the positioning member is slidable or rotatable relative to the slot to realize the open state. Switching to the closed state.
  • the present invention also provides a telescopic boom having the above-described locking device.
  • the present invention also provides a crane having the above-described telescopic boom.
  • the invention also provides a telescopic locking method for a telescopic boom using the above locking device, which comprises the following steps:
  • the positioning member opening device switches the positioning member from the closed state to the open state, The positioning member state is maintained and the reset device maintains the positioning member in an open state, and the inner arm is freely expandable and contractible;
  • the inner arm when it is required to retract the inner arm, the inner arm extends at least a predetermined length, the positioning member opening device switches the positioning member from the closed state to the open state, and the positioning member state is maintained and the reset device is positioned The member remains in the open state, at which point the inner arm can be continuously retracted to a partially retracted state or fully retracted. If it is necessary to lock after partial retraction, a small outwardly extending locking arm action should be made after retracting into position, and the small outwardly extending locking arm action can return the positioning member to the closed state.
  • the predetermined length is: when the inner arm is in the locked position, the shortest distance that the inner arm protrudes when the positioning member is opened.
  • the positioning member in the closed state positions the member opening device to open the positioning member after the inner arm projects the shortest distance.
  • the positioning member is always maintained in the open state during the retraction of the inner arm.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the opening and closing of the positioning member is flexible and stable, and stable and reliable; and no additional positioning member is required to drive the power unit; the locking and unlocking process of the boom is automatically completed during the telescopic expansion process, simplifying
  • the structure of the locking device greatly improves the applicability, reliability and cost of the crane boom locking device.
  • the locking device having the abutting portion, the shutter and the blocking plate greatly improves the stress state of the shutter (positioning member) and the outer arm on the one hand, and the latch of the existing latch type locking device is subjected to the shearing during the locking bearing
  • the force and bending moment have high requirements on the structural strength of the bolt; when the existing hinged tilt lock type locking device is locked, the lock plate locking force has an adverse effect on the structural strength and stability; the positioning member of the present invention is locked
  • the load is subjected to a pressing force (the direction of the pressing force is along the axis of the boom), can withstand a larger locking force, and its use reliability and durability are greatly improved.
  • the locking device of the present invention is capable of transmitting a pressing force between the blocking plate and the abutting portion, and unlike the prior art pin, the length of the prior art pin in the direction perpendicular to the telescopic direction cannot be Too small, otherwise it can not bear the shearing force and bending moment generated by the lock; therefore, the space size is small, the structure is compact, and the installation is flexible.
  • Figure 1 (a) is a side view of the locking device with a sliding shutter
  • Figure 1 (b) is a front view of the sliding shutter in an open state
  • Figure 1 (c) is a front view of the sliding shutter in a closed state
  • Figure 1 (d) is a plan view of a locking device having a sliding shutter
  • Figure 2 (a) is a side view of the locking device with a swinging shutter
  • Figure 2 (b) is a front view of the swinging shutter in an open state
  • Figure 2 (c) is a front elevational view of the swinging shutter in a closed state
  • Figure 2 (d) is a plan view of the locking device with the swinging shutter
  • Figure 3 (a) is a schematic view of the locking device (ie, the blocking plate, the shutter and the abutting portion);
  • Figure 3 (b) is a schematic view of the locking device of Figure 3 (a) viewing the abutting portion and the blocking plate (interlaced state) along the telescopic direction;
  • Figure 4 (a) is a schematic view of a first example of a shutter opening device
  • Figure 4 (b) is a schematic view of a second example of the shutter opening device
  • Figure 4 (c) is a schematic view of a third example of the shutter opening device
  • Figure 5 (a) is a schematic view showing a first example of a shutter open state holding and resetting device
  • Figure 5 (b) is a schematic view of the fork mounting (top view) of the first example of the shutter open state holding and resetting device;
  • Figure 5 (c) is a schematic view showing a second example of the shutter open state holding and resetting device
  • Figure 5 (d) is a schematic view showing a third example of the shutter open state holding and resetting device
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the positioning member on the inner arm
  • Figure 7 (a) is a front view of the closed state when the positioning device is a latch
  • Figure 7 (b) is a front elevational view of the opening state when the positioning device is a latch
  • Figure 7 (c) is a plan view showing a closed state when the positioning device is a latch
  • Figure 7 (d) is a side view of the closed state when the positioning device is a latch
  • Figure 8 (a) is a front elevational view of the shutter of the locking device with the blocking plate in a closed state
  • Figure 8 (b) is a front elevational view of the shutter of the locking device with the blocking plate in an open state
  • Figure 8 (c) is a plan view showing the shutter of the locking device having the blocking plate in a closed state
  • Figure 8 (d) is a side view of the shutter of the locking device with the blocking plate in a closed state
  • Figure 9 (a) is a front elevational view of the shutter of the locking device of the ram with the boring head in a closed state
  • Figure 9 (b) is a front elevational view of the shutter of the lock device with the ram with the ram;
  • Figure 9 (c) is a plan view showing the shutter of the lock device of the ram with the boring head in a closed state
  • Fig. 9(d) is a side view showing the shutter of the lock device of the ram with the boring head in a closed state.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the combination of the drive boss and the blocking plate in one piece.
  • the locking device of the telescopic boom of the present invention comprises: a shutter 3 (an example of a positioning member) movably disposed on the outer arm 2, the shutter 3 having an inner arm 1
  • the locking state and the unlocking of the boom correspond to the closing and opening of the shutter with respect to the open state in which the outer arm 2 is freely telescopic and the closed state in which the inner arm is retracted, and when the shutter 3 is in the closed state, the brake
  • the plate 3 is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the telescopic boom;
  • At least one abutting plate 5 (an example of an abutting portion), the abutting plate 5 is fixedly disposed inside the outer arm 2 and located on the back side of the shutter 3;
  • At least one blocking plate 4 (an example of a blocking portion), the blocking plate 4 is fixedly disposed outside the inner arm 1, and when viewed in the telescopic direction, the blocking plate 4 is interlaced with the abutting plate 5, and the shutter 3 is offset from the blocking plate 4.
  • One side of the connection is a front side, and the side of the shutter 3 opposite to the front side is a back surface.
  • the locking device further includes a shutter slot case 7 (an example of a slot case) for accommodating the shutter 3 and fixed to the outer arm 2.
  • the shutter slot case 7 is preferentially disposed on the head of the outer arm 2, and of course, the brake can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
  • the position of the slot box 7 is such that the shutter 3 can be slid or rotated relative to the shutter slot box 7 to switch between the open state and the closed state.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the shutter slides perpendicularly to the surface of the inner arm, but The shutter can be arranged to slide parallel to the direction of the inner arm surface (sliding left and right) to switch the shutter open state and the closed state; the shutter 3 is provided with a return spring 11 which provides the push of the shutter 3 Thrust to the closed state.
  • the outer side of the outer arm 2 is further provided with a reinforcing plate 6 for improving the structural strength of the outer arm 2.
  • the inner arm 1 protrudes a part (about several centimeters), and the shutter opening device (an example of the positioning member opening device) switches the shutter 3 from the closed state to the open state (Fig. 4). .
  • the shutter opening device an example of the positioning member opening device
  • the shutter opening device includes a shutter driving boss 8 (an example of a driving boss) provided on the inner arm 1, the shutter driving boss 8 having a driving
  • the inclined surface 16 of the shutter 3 moves, when the inner arm is extended, the inclined surface 16 can push the shutter 3 to the lifted position, and when the shutter 3 is lifted, the first spring 10 fixes the shutter fixing pin 22 (fixed An example of a pin) inserting a pin hole of the shutter 3 to fix the shutter 3 in a lifted state, thereby holding the shutter 3 in an open state, at which time the inner arm 1 is freely expandable and contractable relative to the outer arm 2; preferably, Referring to Fig.
  • the shutter driving boss 8 and the blocking plate 4 are combined into one member, and the inclined surface 16 of the driving boss is located at an end facing away from the blocking plate 4 and the shutter 3, so that the number of components can be eliminated.
  • the non-contact portion of the blocking plate 4 (the non-abutting portion is facing away from the end where the blocking plate abuts against the shutter 3) and the shutter 3 are unnecessary. collision.
  • a slope and/or a roller (roller) is provided at one end of the shutter 3 in contact with the slope 16.
  • the shutter opening device includes a shutter driving boss 8 disposed on the inner arm 1 and a first swinging rod 17 disposed on the outer arm 2, and the first swinging rod 17 is rotatable around the first swinging rod A pivotal joint 15 in the middle portion of the 17 is rotated, and one end of the first swinging lever is connected to the shutter 3 through the cord 18, and when the other end of the first swinging lever 17 is pushed by the shutter driving boss 8, the first The swinging rod 17 rotates to pull the soft cord 18 to move, the soft cord 18 lifts the shutter 3, and the soft cord 18 can be guided by a device such as a flexible shaft or a pulley.
  • the first spring 10 fixes the shutter. 22 inserted into the latch hole of the shutter 3 to fix the shutter 3 in the lifted state, thereby switching the shutter 3 from the closed state to the open state, at this time, the inner arm 1 can freely expand and contract with respect to the outer arm 2;
  • the shutter opening device includes a shutter driving boss 8 disposed on the inner arm and a second swinging rod 19 disposed on the outer arm, and one end of the second swinging rod 19 is hinged on the outer arm.
  • the other end of the second swinging rod 19 is in contact with the overhanging short column on the shutter, and a middle portion of the second swinging rod 19 is provided with a protrusion 20, and when the inner arm 1 is extended, the shutter driving boss 8 drives the protrusion 20, The rotation of the second swing lever 19 is driven to push the shutter 3 to the lifted position.
  • the above three ram opening devices can be used for both sliding and oscillating rams (see Figure 2).
  • the positioning member opening device comprises a triggering member disposed on the inner or outer arm and an electric driving mechanism disposed on the outer arm or the inner arm, the triggering member is connected to the electric driving mechanism, The positioning member is driven to be opened by the electric drive mechanism.
  • the shutter open state holding and resetting means are for holding the shutter in an open state and switching the shutter from the open state to the closed state.
  • the shutter open state holding and resetting device includes a shutter fixing pin 22 (an example of a fixing pin) that can be inserted into a pin hole of the shutter, and is sleeved on the shutter a first spring 10 on the fixing pin, a rotating shaft 12, and a fork 13 and a crank 14 disposed on the rotating shaft 12, and a shutter returning boss 21 (an example of a reset boss) mounted on the inner arm as a shutter
  • the first spring 10 provides a thrust for inserting the shutter fixing pin 22 into the bolt hole and pushes it into the bolt hole.
  • the shutter 3 When the shutter fixing pin 22 is inserted into the bolt hole, the shutter 3 is fixed in the open state.
  • the inner arm 1 reaches the position of the lock arm, the shutter returning boss 21 on the inner arm pushes the rocker 14 , the crank 14 drives the rotating shaft 12 and the fork 13 to rotate, and the fork 13 pushes the shutter fixing pin 22 out of the bolt hole
  • the shutter 3 is switched from the open state to the closed state by the return spring 11; at this time, the blocking plate 4 on the inner arm 1 abuts against the shutter 3, and the shutter 3 abuts against the abutting plate 5,
  • the retraction lock of the inner arm 1 is achieved, but at this time the inner arm is still free to extend.
  • the shutter open state holding and resetting device includes a retaining spring 24 disposed on the outer arm and a latching protrusion 23 disposed on the shutter, and a retaining protrusion 23 disposed on the outer arm.
  • the shutter is kept in an open state; the driving swing lever is rotatable about a pivot point of the middle of the driving swing lever 25, and one end of the driving swing lever 25 is connected to the retaining spring 24 via the second cord 28.
  • FIG. 5(c) shows a case where the holding portion is convex, and those skilled in the art can also provide the holding portion as a groove on the shutter as long as it can withstand the end of the retaining spring. It is only necessary to keep the shutter open.
  • the shutter open state holding and resetting device includes a shutter fixing pin 22 that can be inserted into a bolt hole of the shutter, a second spring 27 that is sleeved on the shutter fixing pin, An electromagnet 26 disposed on the outer arm connected to the shutter fixing pin 22, a position switch (not shown) provided on the outer arm, and a shutter resetting boss 21 disposed on the inner arm, a second spring 27 provides a thrust for inserting the shutter fixing pin 22 into the pin hole, and when the shutter fixing pin 22 is inserted into the pin hole, the shutter is maintained in an open state; when the shutter is reset
  • the stage 21 triggers the position switch, and the electromagnet 26 is turned on to pull out the shutter fixing pin, thereby switching the shutter from the open state to the closed state.
  • the driving force is driven by the boss, and then the driving and guiding are pushed to push the shutter to open or reset.
  • the force taking parts are such as a crank handle, a swing rod, a cam, etc.
  • the transmission parts are such as a lever, a soft rope, a rotating shaft, etc., and are guided by a pulley, a flexible shaft, etc.
  • Electromagnets and position switches can also be used in different forms of electronic control.
  • An elastic member (torsion spring, leaf spring, etc.) is provided on the rotating shaft and the swing lever in the shutter opening and closing device, and the elastic member can provide an elastic force for resetting the rotating shaft and the swing lever.
  • a plurality of shutter driving bosses 8 and a plurality of shutter resetting bosses 21 are disposed on the inner arm 1 along the telescopic direction, and the blocking plates 4 are disposed at positions on the outer side of the inner arm at a plurality of positions in the telescopic direction. It should be noted that, in FIG. 1(d) and FIG.
  • the shutter returning boss 21 and the shutter driving boss 8 are located on the same surface of the inner arm, but the shutter resetting boss 21 is also It may be located on a different inner surface than the shutter drive boss 8 (such as the side surface of the inner arm), and each of the shutter reset bosses 21 and the corresponding one of the shutter drive bosses when a transmission member such as a cord is used
  • the relative position of 8 can be flexibly set.
  • the shutter resetting boss 21 triggers the shutter to be opened and the reset device moves the shutter from The open state is switched to the closed state to realize the retracting lock of the inner arm.
  • the locking device of the present invention is a one-way locking device, which only locks the retraction of the inner arm and does not lock the extension of the inner arm; when the inner arm extends to the length of each working arm, the shutter resets the boss 21 can trigger the shutter open state holding and resetting device to realize the retracting locking of the inner arm, and can be unlocked again after extending a certain length, so that the inner arm retracting locking with a plurality of predetermined lengths can be realized by the present scheme.
  • the shutter driving boss 8 has a driving function only when the inner arm is extended and the shutter is in the closed state, and the shutter resetting boss 21 only has the inner arm extended and the shutter is opened.
  • the state in which the shutter open state is maintained and the shutter is switched with the reset device can be triggered, that is, when the shutter is in the open state, the shutter driving boss 8 and the shutter reset boss 21 on the inner arm when the inner arm is retracted It does not affect the state of the shutter, so that the free extension of the inner arm is not affected.
  • the positions of the shutter returning boss 21, the shutter driving boss 8 and the blocking plate 4 disposed on the inner arm 1 can be flexibly selected, for example, the upper cover of the inner arm can be set, or can be set in The lower cover plate or the two side webs of the inner arm, corresponding to the position of the blocking plate 4, the shutter 3 is disposed at the corresponding position of the outer arm, as long as the shutter resetting boss 21 and the shutter driving boss 8 are not connected with the shutter 3 and the abutting plate 5 Interference can occur.
  • the invention also provides a telescopic locking method for a telescopic boom using the above locking device, which comprises the following steps:
  • the positioning member opening device switches the positioning member from the closed state to the open state, The positioning member state is maintained and the reset device maintains the positioning member in an open state, and the inner arm is freely expandable and contractible;
  • the inner arm when it is required to retract the inner arm, the inner arm extends at least a predetermined length, the positioning member opening device switches the positioning member from the closed state to the open state, and the positioning member state is maintained and the reset device is positioned The member remains in the open state, at which point the inner arm can be continuously retracted to a partially retracted state or fully retracted. If it is partially retracted, you should make a small outrigger lock arm action. If you need to lock after partial retraction, you should make a small outrigger lock arm action after retracting in place.
  • the telescopic boom in this embodiment mainly describes the inner arm and the outer arm, but the telescopic device of the present invention can be used for a telescopic boom having a multi-section arm, and the inner arm is the inner two adjacent arms.
  • the outer arm is the outer arm.
  • Embodiment 2 the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the shutter 3, the abutting plate 5, the ram slot box 7, the rotating shaft 12, the first swinging rod 17, the second swinging rod 19, and the shutter in Embodiment 2
  • the fixing pin 22, the retaining spring 24, the driving swing lever 25, the electromagnet 26, and the position switch are disposed on the inner arm; the blocking plate 4, the shutter driving boss 8, and the shutter resetting boss 21 are disposed on the outer arm, preferably
  • the shutter 3 is movably disposed at the root of the inner arm 1.
  • Other connection relationships and principles are the same as in Embodiment 1. Also in this case, the same actions and effects as those of the above-described first embodiment can be achieved.
  • the blocking plate is taken as an example of the blocking portion, and the shutter is explained as an example of the positioning member, but the blocking portion may be an aperture groove and/or a blocking plate, and FIG. 7 shows a case where the positioning member is the latch 31.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the plug is not limited, and may be a cylindrical shape, a rhombic shape, a flat shape, or the like.
  • the blocking portion is the hole groove 29 and the blocking plate 4. When the pin 31 is in the closed state, the pin 31 can simultaneously abut against the leading edge side wall of the hole groove 29 and the blocking plate 4, thereby realizing the inner arm retracting locking.
  • the hole 29 is a groove and or a through hole, and its main function is to provide a side wall for abutting against the positioning member. Further, the rear edge of the slot 29 further has a slope to facilitate the positioning member to withdraw from the slot when the inner arm extends.
  • the blocking plate 4 of Figure 7 can be eliminated such that the apertures become independent barriers.
  • the slope in FIG. 7 can be replaced by a gap between the pin and the trailing edge of the slot (the slot 29 becomes a waist hole or slot extending along the telescopic direction of the boom), which also facilitates the inner arm The latch 3 is withdrawn from the slot 29 when it is extended.
  • the back side of the latch can also be provided with an abutting portion; deformable, referring to FIG. 8, the latch in the embodiment 4 can be replaced with a shutter 3, and the back surface of the shutter 3 is provided with an abutting portion.
  • the blocking plate 4 is taken as an example of the blocking portion, but the blocking portion may be an aperture groove and a blocking plate
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the shutter 3 has the plug 30 that can be inserted into the hole 29
  • the plug 30 is inserted into the slot 29
  • the shutter 3 abuts against the blocking plate 4
  • the bolt 30 abuts against the side wall of the front of the slot to realize the retracting and locking of the inner arm.
  • the rear edge of the slot 29 has a slope to facilitate the exit of the ram 30 from the slot when the inner arm is extended. Deformably, the slope in FIG.
  • the slot 29 becomes a waist hole or slot extending along the telescopic direction of the boom, which also facilitates the inner arm
  • the ram 30 is withdrawn from the slot 29 when it is extended.
  • the setting of the plug 30 facilitates the stability of the locking device.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed”, “set”, etc. are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed connections, for example, or It is detachable, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

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Abstract

一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置、伸缩吊臂、起重机及其伸缩锁定方法，该伸缩吊臂的锁定装置包括：设置在外臂或内臂上的定位构件，定位构件具有允许内臂相对于外臂自由伸缩的开启状态和防止内臂回缩的闭合状态；固定设置在内臂或外臂的阻挡部；定位构件开启装置，定位构件开启装置用于将所述定位构件从所述闭合状态切换到所述开启状态；定位构件状态保持与复位装置，定位构件状态保持与复位装置用于将所述定位构件保持于开启状态，当解除定位构件的开启状态时，使定位构件复位到所述闭合状态。整个锁定、解除锁定过程在吊臂伸缩过程中自动完成，简化了锁定装置的结构，大大提高了起重机吊臂锁定装置的适用性，可靠性，降低了成本。

Description

一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置、伸缩吊臂、起重机及其伸缩锁定方法 技术领域
本发明涉及起重机的伸缩吊臂技术领域，尤其涉及一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置及伸缩锁定方法。
背景技术
起重机伸缩吊臂的伸缩目前主要有两种形式，一种是由伸缩油缸与钢丝绳联动，实现多级吊臂同步伸缩，此方式原理简单速度快，但由于相邻吊臂间没有锁定装置，吊重时伸缩机构承载很大，限制了起重能力的提高，而且此种方式内部布置困难，臂筒间间隙大，不利于臂筒的设计优化，另外，同步伸缩目前只适用于5节臂以内的中小吨位起重机。另一种伸缩方式是适合于大吨位起重机的单缸插销伸缩方式，此方式由于油缸不承受起吊重量，可做得比较细，结构紧凑，缺点是速度慢，加工精度要求高，控制复杂，需要单独布置油路，不便维护。
发明专利CN101492145B公开了一种锁板可自动离合的起重机伸缩吊臂自锁装置，该装置不需使用带外供动力源的离合控制器，而用设置在内臂臂板与锁板上的离合驱动凸台和设置在锁板下方的位差式离合状态锁定装置来实现锁板的离合控制。采用吊臂自锁装置后，起重机吊重时，吊臂伸缩装置不承受起重载荷。从而可大大简化吊臂伸缩机构，优化吊臂性能，提高起重机作业能力。不过该专利技术在实施过程中也发现了一些问题。首先，由于锁板与吊臂臂板接近平行设置，因此锁板及锁板离合控制器占据空间较大，这与目前吊臂头部的紧凑设计趋势相背离。其次作用于锁板的横向锁紧力(垂直于伸缩的方向的分力)对贴压部位臂板产生很大压力，对臂板局部的强度和稳定有不利影响。而且这种针对锁板设计的离合控制器，并不适用于像插销或卡板之类其它吊臂定位构件。另外离合状态锁定装置制作要求高，工作稳定性欠佳。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，具体方案如下。
一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，所述伸缩吊臂包括有外臂和能够相对于所述外臂发生伸缩运动的内臂，其特征在于，所述锁定装置包括：
定位构件，所述定位构件活动设置在外臂或内臂上，所述定位构件具有允许内臂相对于外臂自由伸缩的开启状态和防止内臂回缩的闭合状态，伸缩吊臂的锁定与解锁分别和定位构件的闭合状态与开启状态相对应，所述定位构件上设置有复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧提供将所 述定位构件推至所述闭合状态的推力；
阻挡部，所述阻挡部固定设置在所述内臂或所述外臂，所述定位构件和所述阻挡部分别位于所述外臂和内臂上，或者所述定位构件和所述阻挡部分别位于所述内臂和外臂上；当定位构件处于闭合状态时，阻挡部与定位构件相互抵接，实现内臂的回缩锁定；当定位构件处于开启状态时，所述内臂可自由伸缩；
定位构件开启装置，所述定位构件开启装置用于将定位构件从闭合状态切换到开启状态，所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台，所述驱动凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述定位构件受所述驱动凸台触发而切换到开启状态，当内臂从锁定状态外伸时，定位构件具有自动开启之功能；
定位构件状态保持与复位装置，所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置用于将所述定位构件保持于开启状态，当解除定位构件的开启状态时，定位构件将复位到所述闭合状态；所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的复位凸台，所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述定位构件受所述复位凸台触发而切换到闭合状态。
上述技术方案中，所述阻挡部为孔槽和/或阻挡板，当定位构件处于闭合状态时，所述定位构件可抵接所述孔槽的侧壁和/或所述阻挡板，所述孔槽与上述侧壁相对的一侧设置有斜坡和/或间隙，所述斜坡和/或间隙用于当内臂外伸时使所述定位构件从所述孔槽中退出。
上述技术方案中，所述定位构件为插销或闸板，当所述定位构件处于闭合状态时，所述插销或闸板垂直于吊臂的伸缩方向，所述定位构件的形状不限,可以是柱形、楔块形、平板状等；优选地，所述定位构件为闸板，所述闸板与所述阻挡部相抵接的一面为正面，所述闸板与所述正面相背的一面为背面，所述锁定装置还包括有至少一个抵靠部，所述抵靠部固定设置在所述外臂内侧或所述内臂外侧，且位于所述闸板的背面一侧，所述抵靠部与所述闸板位于同一外臂或内臂上，当沿着伸缩方向看时，所述阻挡部与所述抵靠部交错设置，当闸板处于闭合状态时，阻挡部顶压闸板，闸板顶压抵靠部，实现内臂的回缩锁定，内臂回缩方向上的轴向载荷由阻挡部通过闸板传递到抵靠部和外臂或者轴向载荷由抵靠部通过闸板传递到阻挡部和外臂；当闸板处于开启状态时，内臂可自由伸缩，阻挡部和抵靠部不发生干涉；优选地，所述抵靠部为抵靠板或止挡块。由于当所述定位构件处于闭合状态时，所述插销或闸板垂直于吊臂的伸缩方向，使得锁紧力的传递沿着伸缩方向，不会产生垂直于伸缩方向的分力，有利于安装定位构件的臂板的结构安全，同时，可以显著减小整个锁定装置的尺寸。
上述技术方案中，所述定位构件还具有栓头，当所述定位构件处于闭合状态时，所述定位构件与所述阻挡板抵接，所述栓头插入所述孔槽内。
上述技术方案中，所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台， 所述驱动凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述驱动凸台具有一驱动所述定位构件运动的斜面，内臂外伸时，定位构件被所述斜面驱动而直接开启。优选地，驱动凸台与阻挡板结合成一个部件，驱动凸台的斜面位于背向于阻挡板与定位构件抵接的一端，这样既可以不增加部件的数量，又能够在定位构件意外处于闭合状态时，避免阻挡板的非抵接部(非抵接部是背向于阻挡板与定位构件抵接的一端)与定位构件发生不必要的正面碰撞。进一步优选地，为了减小斜面驱动的摩擦阻力，在定位构件与斜面接触的一端设置有斜坡和/或滚柱。
或者所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台和设置在所述外臂或内臂上的第一摆杆，所述驱动凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述第一摆杆与所述定位构件位于同一外臂或内臂上，所述第一摆杆可绕第一摆杆中部的一枢接点转动，第一摆杆的一端通过软绳与定位构件连接，第一摆杆的另一端可被所述驱动凸台驱动实现所述第一摆杆的转动，定位构件被软绳提升而开启；
或者所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台和设置在所述外臂或内臂上的第二摆杆，所述第二摆杆的一端铰接在外臂上，第二摆杆的另一端与所述定位构件活动连接，第二摆杆的中部设置一凸起，所述凸起可被所述驱动凸台驱动实现第二摆杆的转动，所述定位构件被第二摆杆推举而开启。
或者所述定位构件开启装置包括设置在所述内臂或外臂上的触发件和设置在所述外臂或内臂上的电驱动机构，所述触发件接通所述电驱动机构，所述定位构件被所述电驱动机构驱动而开启。
上述技术方案中，所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括可插入所述定位构件上的插销孔的固定销、套设在固定销上的第一弹簧、转轴和设置在转轴上的拔叉和摇柄，以及安装于内臂或外臂上的复位凸台，所述固定销和转轴均设置在外臂或内臂上，所述第一弹簧提供将所述固定销插入所述插销孔的推力；当所述固定销插入所述插销孔后，定位构件保持于所述开启状态；所述摇柄被所述复位凸台推动时，带动所述转轴及所述拔叉转动，所述拔叉推动固定销脱离所述插销孔，在所述复位弹簧的作用下，所述定位构件从开启状态切换到闭合状态；所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述固定销、转轴与所述定位构件同时设置于所述外臂或内臂上；
或者所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括设置于外臂或内臂上的止退簧片、设置于定位构件上的卡持部、设置于外臂或内臂上的驱动摆杆、第二软绳和安装于内臂或外臂上的复位凸台；定位构件开启后，所述止退簧片的端部与所述卡持部抵接将所述定位构件保持于开启状态；所述驱动摆杆可绕驱动摆杆中部的一枢接点转动，驱动摆杆的一端通过所述第二软绳与所述止退簧片连接，另一端可被复位凸台驱动实现所述驱动摆杆的转动，所述止退簧片 被所述第二软绳拉动后退，使得所述止退簧片的所述一端与所述卡持部分离，在所述复位弹簧的作用下，所述定位构件从开启状态切换到闭合状态；所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述驱动摆杆与所述定位构件同时设置于所述外臂或内臂上。需要说明的是，所述卡持部可以是设置在定位构件上的凸起，也可以是设置定位构件上的凹槽；
或者所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括可插入所述定位构件上的插销孔的固定销、套设在固定销上的第二弹簧、与所述固定销连接的电磁铁、位置开关以及复位凸台，所述第二弹簧提供将所述固定销插入所述插销孔的推力；当所述固定销插入所述插销孔后，定位构件保持于所述开启状态；当所述复位凸台触发所述位置开关，接通电磁铁电源拔出所述固定销，在所述复位弹簧的作用下，所述定位构件从开启状态切换到闭合状态，所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述电磁铁、位置开关与所述定位构件同时设置于所述外臂或内臂上。
需要说明的是，定位构件的开启或复位装置还有其它不同的方案，通过凸台驱动取力，再通过传动与导向以带动定位构件开启或复位。取力件如摇柄、摆杆、凸轮等，传动件如杠杆、软绳、转轴等，导向如滑轮、软轴等。电磁铁也可用不同形式的电控装置，位置开关也可采用接触式或感应式等不同方式。上述之各种定位构件开启和复位装置还可变形和灵活组合出多种新的开启和复位装置,所述驱动凸台、复位凸台、阻挡部也均可沿着伸缩方向多处设置。
上述技术方案中，所述驱动凸台、复位凸台、阻挡部均沿着伸缩方向设置有多个。当内臂相对于外臂伸出一定长度时，复位凸台触发定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件从开启状态切换到闭合状态，内臂回缩时，阻挡部与定位构件相互抵接，实现内臂的回缩锁定，内臂再次伸出时，相应的驱动凸台将定位构件从闭合状态切换到开启状态，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件保持在开启状态，内臂可自由伸缩；当内臂伸出至每一个复位凸台触发定位构件状态保持与复位装置的位置均可以实现内臂的回缩锁定，内臂再次伸出时，驱动凸台又触发定位构件开启装置将定位构件开启，实现伸缩吊臂的解锁，因此采用本方案可以实现具有多个预定长度的内臂回缩锁定。
上述技术方案中，锁定装置还包括有用于容纳所述定位构件的固定在所述外臂或内臂上的槽盒，所述定位构件可相对于所述槽盒滑动或者转动实现所述开启状态和所述闭合状态的切换。
本发明还提供一种伸缩吊臂，所述伸缩吊臂具有上述的锁定装置。
本发明还提供一种起重机，所述起重机具有上述的伸缩吊臂。
本发明还提供一种采用上述的锁定装置的伸缩吊臂的伸缩锁定方法，其包括以下步骤：
1)当所述内臂处于某位置锁定时，所述定位构件处于所述闭合状态，内臂伸出时，定位构件开启装置将所述定位构件从所述闭合状态切换到所述开启状态，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件保持在开启状态，内臂可自由伸缩；
2)当所述内臂伸出至某一预定位置时，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件从所述开启状态切换到所述闭合状态，此时如果所述内臂回缩，阻挡部与定位构件相互抵接，实现内臂的回缩锁定，此时内臂仍可自由伸出；
3)不断地重复步骤1)、步骤2)可以实现内臂在多个预定长度位置中的任意位置处的回缩锁定。
4)当需要回缩所述内臂时，内臂至少伸出既定长度，定位构件开启装置将所述定位构件从所述闭合状态切换到所述开启状态，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件保持在开启状态，此时内臂可以连续地回缩至部分回缩状态或完全回缩状态。如果是部分回缩后需要锁定，则应在回缩到位后再做一个小幅外伸的锁臂动作，该小幅外伸的锁臂动作能够使得定位构件回复到闭合状态。
需要说明的是，所述既定长度为：当所述内臂处于锁定位置时，开启所述定位构件需要内臂伸出的最短距离。处于闭合状态的定位构件在内臂伸出该最短距离后定位构件开启装置开启所述定位构件。另外，无论定位构件闭合或开启，都是在内臂外伸过程中实现的，内臂回缩过程中，定位构件始终维持在开启状态。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
一、定位构件(插销或闸板)的开启与闭合既灵活流畅，又稳定可靠；且无需额外的定位构件驱动动力装置；吊臂的锁定以及解除锁定过程在吊臂伸缩过程中自动完成，简化了锁定装置的结构，大大提高了起重机吊臂锁定装置的适用性，可靠性，降低了成本。
二、具有抵靠部、闸板和阻挡板的锁定装置一方面大大地改善了闸板(定位构件)及外臂的受力状况，现有的插销式锁定装置的在锁定承载时插销承受剪力及弯矩的作用，对插销的结构强度有较高的要求；现有的铰接倾斜锁板式锁定装置在锁定时，锁板锁紧力对结构强度与稳定有不利影响；本发明定位构件锁定承载受到的是挤压力(挤压力的方向沿着吊臂的轴线)，能够承受更大的锁紧力，其使用可靠性和耐久性有很大提高。
三、本发明的锁定装置因为其作用是在阻挡板和抵靠部之间传递挤压力，而不同于现有技术中的插销，现有技术中的插销在垂直于伸缩方向上的长度不能太小，不然是不能承受锁止产生的剪切力及弯矩；因此空间尺寸小，结构紧凑，安装灵活。
附图说明
图1(a)为具有滑动闸板的锁定装置的侧视图；
图1(b)为滑动闸板处于开启状态的正视图；
图1(c)为滑动闸板处于闭合状态的正视图；
图1(d)为具有滑动闸板的锁定装置的俯视图；
图2(a)为具有摆动闸板的锁定装置的侧视图；
图2(b)为摆动闸板处于开启状态的正视图；
图2(c)为摆动动闸板处于闭合状态的正视图；
图2(d)为具有摆动闸板的锁定装置的俯视图；
图3(a)为锁定装置(即阻挡板、闸板与抵靠部)俯视的示意图；
图3(b)为图3(a)中的锁定装置沿着伸缩方向观察抵靠部和阻挡板(交错状态)的示意图；
图4(a)为闸板开启装置的第一示例的示意图；
图4(b)为闸板开启装置的第二示例的示意图；
图4(c)为闸板开启装置的第三示例的示意图；
图5(a)为闸板开启状态保持与复位装置的第一示例的示意图；
图5(b)为闸板开启状态保持与复位装置第一示例的拔叉安装示意图(俯视)；
图5(c)为闸板开启状态保持与复位装置的第二示例的示意图；
图5(d)为闸板开启状态保持与复位装置的第三示例的示意图；
图6为定位构件位于内臂上的示意图；
图7(a)为定位装置为插销时闭合状态的正视图；
图7(b)为定位装置为插销时开启状态的正视图；
图7(c)为定位装置为插销时闭合状态的俯视图；
图7(d)为定位装置为插销时闭合状态的侧视图；
图8(a)为具有阻挡板的锁定装置的闸板处于闭合状态的正视图；
图8(b)为具有阻挡板的锁定装置的闸板处于开启状态的正视图；
图8(c)为具有阻挡板的锁定装置的闸板处于闭合状态的俯视图；
图8(d)为具有阻挡板的锁定装置的闸板处于闭合状态的侧视图；
图9(a)为闸板带拴头的锁定装置的闸板处于闭合状态的正视图；
图9(b)为闸板带拴头的锁定装置的闸板处于开启状态的正视图；
图9(c)为闸板带拴头的锁定装置的闸板处于闭合状态的俯视图；
图9(d)为闸板带拴头的锁定装置的闸板处于闭合状态的侧视图。
图10为驱动凸台和阻挡板结合成一个部件的示意图。
图中：内臂1、外臂2、闸板3、阻挡板4、抵靠部5、加强板6、闸板槽盒7、闸板驱动凸台8、闸板开启状态保持与复位装置9、第一弹簧10、复位弹簧11、转轴12、拔叉13、摇柄14、枢接点15、斜面16、第一摆杆17、软绳18、第二摆杆19、凸起20、闸板复位凸台21、闸板固定销22、卡持凸起23、止退簧片24、驱动摆杆25、电磁铁26、第二弹簧27、第二软绳28、孔槽29、栓头30、插销31。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1
参见附图1-5，本发明的伸缩吊臂的锁定装置包括：闸板3(定位构件的示例)，所述闸板3活动设置在外臂2上，所述闸板3具有允许内臂1相对于所述外臂2自由伸缩的开启状态和防止内臂回缩的闭合状态，吊臂的锁定与解锁和闸板的闭合与开启相对应，当闸板3处于闭合状态时，所述闸板3垂直于伸缩吊臂的伸缩方向；
至少一个抵靠板5(抵靠部的示例)，抵靠板5固定设置在所述外臂2内侧，且位于闸板3的背面一侧；
至少一个阻挡板4(阻挡部的示例)，阻挡板4固定设置在内臂1外侧，当沿着伸缩方向看时，阻挡板4与抵靠板5交错设置，闸板3与阻挡板4相抵接的一面为正面，所述闸板3与所述正面相背的一面为背面，当闸板3处于闭合状态时，内臂1回缩方向上的轴向载荷由阻挡板4通过闸板3传递到抵靠板5和外臂，当闸板3处于开启状态时，所述内臂1可自由伸缩，阻挡板4和抵靠板5不发生干涉。锁定装置还包括有用于容纳闸板3的固定在外臂2上的闸板槽盒7(槽盒的示例)，闸板槽盒7优先设置在外臂2头部，当然也可以根据实际情况调整闸板槽盒7的所在位置，闸板3可相对于闸板槽盒7滑动或者转动实现开启状态和闭合状态的切换，图1中示出了闸板垂直于内臂表面的方向滑动，但是也可以将闸板设置为平行于内臂表面的方向滑动(左右滑动)，以实现闸板开启状态和闭合状态的切换；闸板3上设置有复位弹簧11，复位弹簧11提供将闸板3推至闭合状态的推力。对应于抵靠板5，外臂2的外侧还设置有加强板6，用于提高外臂2的结构强度。
当需要解除吊臂的锁定状态时，内臂1再伸出一部分(约几公分)，闸板开启装置(定位构件开启装置的示例)将闸板3从闭合状态切换到开启状态(图4)。优选地，参见图4(a)，闸板开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂1上的闸板驱动凸台8(驱动凸台的示例)，所述闸板驱动凸台8具有一驱动所述闸板3运动的斜面16，内臂伸出时，斜面16可将闸板3推至被提起的位置，当闸板3被提起时，第一弹簧10将闸板固定销22(固定销的示例)插入闸板 3的插销孔将闸板3固定在被提起的状态，从而将闸板3保持在开启状态，此时，内臂1可相对于外臂2自由伸缩；优选地，参见图10，闸板驱动凸台8与阻挡板4结合成一个部件，驱动凸台的斜面16位于背向于阻挡板4与闸板3抵接的一端，这样既可以不增加部件的数量，又能够在闸板3意外处于闭合状态时，避免阻挡板4的非抵接部(非抵接部是背向于阻挡板与闸板3抵接的一端)与闸板3发生不必要的正面碰撞。进一步优选地，为了减小斜面驱动的摩擦阻力，在闸板3与斜面16接触的一端设置有斜坡和/或滚柱(滚轮)。
或者参见图4(b)，闸板开启装置包括有设置在内臂1上的闸板驱动凸台8和设置在外臂2的第一摆杆17，第一摆杆17可绕第一摆杆17中部的一枢接点15转动，所述第一摆杆的一端通过软绳18与闸板3连接，当第一摆杆17的另一端被所述闸板驱动凸台8推动时，第一摆杆17转动以拉动软绳18移动，软绳18将闸板3提起，软绳18可通过软轴或滑轮等装置引导，当闸板3被提起时，第一弹簧10将闸板固定销22插入闸板3的插销孔将闸板3固定在被提起的状态，从而将闸板3从闭合状态切换到开启状态，此时，内臂1可相对于外臂2自由伸缩；
或者参见图4(c)，闸板开启装置包括有设置在内臂上的闸板驱动凸台8和设置在外臂上的第二摆杆19，第二摆杆19的一端铰接在外臂上，第二摆杆19的另一端与闸板上的外伸短柱接触，第二摆杆19的中部设置一凸起20，内臂1伸出时，闸板驱动凸台8驱动凸起20，带动第二摆杆19的转动，将闸板3推至被提起的位置。以上三种闸板开启装置既可以用于滑动闸板也可以用于摆动闸板(参见图2)。
或者所述定位构件开启装置包括设置在所述内臂或外臂上的触发件和设置在所述外臂或内臂上的电驱动机构，所述触发件接通所述电驱动机构，所述定位构件被所述电驱动机构驱动而开启。
闸板开启状态保持与复位装置(定位构件状态保持与复位装置的示例)用于将闸板保持在开启状态和将闸板从所述开启状态切换到所述闭合状态。优选的，参见图5(a、b)，闸板开启状态保持与复位装置包括有可插入所述闸板上的插销孔的闸板固定销22(固定销的示例)、套设在闸板固定销上的第一弹簧10、转轴12以及设置在转轴12上的拔叉13和摇柄14，以及安装于内臂上的闸板复位凸台21(复位凸台的示例)，当闸板被闸板开启装置提升至开启状态后，第一弹簧10提供将闸板固定销22插入插销孔的推力并将之推入插销孔，当闸板固定销22插入所述插销孔后，闸板3被固定于开启状态。当内臂1伸至锁臂位置时，内臂上的闸板复位凸台21推动摇柄14，摇柄14带动转轴12及拔叉13转动，拔叉13推动闸板固定销22脱离插销孔，闸板3在复位弹簧11的作用下从开启状态切换到闭合状态；此时，内臂1上的阻挡板4抵靠在闸板3上，闸板3抵靠在抵靠板5上，实现内臂1的回缩锁 定，但此时内臂仍可自由伸出。
或者参见图5(c)，所述闸板开启状态保持与复位装置包括设置于外臂上的止退簧片24与设置于闸板上的卡持凸起23,以及设置于外臂上的驱动摆杆25、第二软绳28，和安装于内臂上的闸板复位凸台21，闸板开启后，所述止退簧片24的端部与卡持凸起23抵接将所述闸板保持于开启状态；所述驱动摆杆可绕驱动摆杆25中部的一枢接点转动，驱动摆杆25的一端通过所述第二软绳28与所述止退簧片24连接，另一端可被闸板复位凸台21驱动实现所述驱动摆杆25的转动，所述止退簧片24被所述第二软绳28拉动后退，使得所述止退簧片24的所述一端与卡持凸起23分离，从而将闸板从开启状态切换到闭合状态。图5(c)中示出了卡持部为凸起的情况，本领域技术人员也可以将卡持部设置为闸板上的凹槽，只要能够与所述止退簧片的端部抵接达到保持闸板处于开启状态的目的即可。
或者参见图5(d)，所述闸板开启状态保持与复位装置包括可插入所述闸板上的插销孔的闸板固定销22、套设在闸板固定销上的第二弹簧27、与所述闸板固定销22连接的设置在外臂上的电磁铁26、设置与外臂上的位置开关(未图示)以及设置于所述内臂上的闸板复位凸台21，所述第二弹簧27提供将所述闸板固定销22插入所述插销孔的推力，当所述闸板固定销22插入所述插销孔后，闸板保持于开启状态；当所述闸板复位凸台21触发所述位置开关，接通电磁铁26电源拔出所述闸板固定销，从而将所述闸板从开启状态切换到闭合状态。
需要说明的是，闸板关闭或开启装置还有其它不同的方案，通过凸台驱动取力，再通过传动与导向以推动闸板开启或复位。取力件如摇柄、摆杆、凸轮等，传动件如杠杆、软绳、转轴等，导向如滑轮、软轴等。电磁铁与位置开关也可用不同形式的电控装置。
所述闸板开启与关闭装置中的转轴及摆杆上设置有弹性部件(扭簧、片簧等)，该弹性部件能够提供使转轴及摆杆等复位的弹力。
内臂1上沿着伸缩方向设置有多个闸板驱动凸台8和多个闸板复位凸台21，相应的在内臂外侧沿着伸缩方向多处位置设置有阻挡板4。需要说明的是，图1(d)和图2(d)中示出了闸板复位凸台21和闸板驱动凸台8位于内臂上同一表面的情况，但是闸板复位凸台21也可位于与闸板驱动凸台8不同的内部的表面(比如内臂的侧表面)，同时当使用软绳等传动部件时，每一个闸板复位凸台21与对应的一个闸板驱动凸台8的相对位置可以灵活设置。当设置多个闸板驱动凸台8和多个闸板复位凸台21时，内臂伸出至某工作长度时，闸板复位凸台21触发闸板开启状态保持与复位装置将闸板从开启状态切换到闭合状态，实现内臂的回缩锁定，再次伸出时，设置在该闸板复位凸台21后方的闸板驱动凸台8将闸板从闭合状态切换到开启状态，内臂可自由伸缩，本发明的锁定装置是一种单向锁定装置，只锁 定内臂的回缩，不锁定内臂的伸出；当内臂伸出至每一工作臂长，闸板复位凸台21均可触发闸板开启状态保持与复位装置以实现内臂的回缩锁定，再次伸出一定长度后又可解锁，因此采用本方案可以实现具有多个预定长度的内臂回缩锁定。其中的闸板驱动凸台8只有在内臂外伸时且闸板处于闭合状态时，才对闸板具有驱动的作用，闸板复位凸台21只有在内臂外伸时且闸板处于开启状态时，才能触发闸板开启状态保持与复位装置切换闸板的状态，即当闸板处于开启状态下，内臂回缩时内臂上的闸板驱动凸台8和闸板复位凸台21不会影响闸板的状态，也就使得内臂的自由伸缩不会受到影响。
需要说明的是，设置在内臂1上的闸板复位凸台21、闸板驱动凸台8、阻挡板4的位置可以灵活选择，比如可设置在内臂的上盖板，也可设置在内臂的下盖板或两侧腹板，对应于阻挡板4位置在外臂相应位置设置闸板3，只要闸板复位凸台21和闸板驱动凸台8不与闸板3、抵靠板5发生干涉即可。
本发明还提供一种采用上述锁定装置的伸缩吊臂的伸缩锁定方法，其包括以下步骤：
1)当所述内臂处于某位置锁定时，所述定位构件处于所述闭合状态，内臂伸出时，定位构件开启装置将所述定位构件从所述闭合状态切换到所述开启状态，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件保持在开启状态，内臂可自由伸缩；
2)当所述内臂伸出至某一预定位置时，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件从所述开启状态切换到所述闭合状态，此时如果所述内臂回缩，阻挡部与定位构件相互抵接，实现内臂的回缩锁定，此时内臂仍可自由伸出；
3)不断地重复步骤1)、步骤2)可以实现内臂在多个预定长度位置中的任意位置处的回缩锁定。
4)当需要回缩所述内臂时，内臂至少伸出既定长度，定位构件开启装置将所述定位构件从所述闭合状态切换到所述开启状态，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件保持在开启状态，此时内臂可以连续地回缩至部分回缩状态或完全回缩状态。如果是部分回缩,则应再做一个小幅外伸的锁臂动作。如果是部分回缩后需要锁定，则应在回缩到位后再做一个小幅外伸的锁臂动作。
需要说明的是，无论闸板闭合或开启，都是在内臂外伸过程中实现的，内臂回缩过程中，闸板始终维持在开启状态。另外，本实施例中的伸缩吊臂主要描述了内臂和外臂，但是本发明的伸缩装置可以使用于具有多节臂的伸缩吊臂，相邻的两节臂中在内即为内臂，在外的即为外臂。
实施例2
参见图6，与实施例1不同之处在于：实施例2中的闸板3、抵靠板5、闸板槽盒7、转 轴12、第一摆杆17、第二摆杆19、闸板固定销22、止退簧片24、驱动摆杆25、电磁铁26、位置开关设置在内臂上；阻挡板4、闸板驱动凸台8、闸板复位凸台21设置在外臂上，优选地，闸板3活动设置在内臂1的根部。其他连接关系和原理与实施例1相同。在该情况下也能起到与上述实施例1相同的作用和效果。
实施例3
与上述实施例1或2不同之处在于：取消了实施例1或2中的抵靠板5，其他连接关系和原理与实施例1相同。
实施例4
上述实施例3中以阻挡板作为阻挡部的示例，闸板作为定位构件的示例进行了说明，但是阻挡部可以是孔槽和/或阻挡板，图7示出了定位构件为插销31的情况，插销的截面形状不限,可以是圆柱形、菱柱形、平板状等。阻挡部是孔槽29和阻挡板4，当插销31处于闭合状态时，插销31可以同时与孔槽29的前沿侧壁和阻挡板4抵接,实现内臂回缩锁定。其中孔槽29为凹槽和或通孔，其主要作用是提供一个用于与定位构件抵接的侧壁。进一步地，该孔槽29后沿还具有斜坡，便于在内臂伸出时定位构件退出该孔槽。可变形地,图7中的阻挡板4可以取消使得孔槽成为独立的阻挡部。可变形地，图7中的斜坡可以替换为插销与孔槽后沿之间的间隙(孔槽29变为沿着吊臂伸缩方向延伸的腰形孔或槽)，该间隙也有利于内臂外伸时插销3从孔槽29中退出。可变形的，插销背面也可设置抵靠部；可变形的，参见图8，实施例4中的插销可以替换为闸板3，闸板3的背面设置有抵靠部。
实施例5
上述实施例1或2中以阻挡板4作为阻挡部的示例，但是阻挡部可以是孔槽和阻挡板，图9给出闸板3具有能够插入所述孔槽29的栓头30的实施例，当闸板3处于闭合状态时，栓头30插入孔槽29内，闸板3与阻挡板4抵接,栓头30与孔槽前沿侧壁抵接,实现内臂回缩锁定。进一步地，该孔槽29后沿具有斜坡，便于在内臂伸出时闸板拴头30退出该孔槽。可变形地，图9中的斜坡可以替换为插销与孔槽后沿之间的间隙(孔槽29变为沿着吊臂伸缩方向延伸的腰形孔或槽)，该间隙也有利于内臂外伸时闸板拴头30从孔槽29中退出。栓头30的设置有利于提高锁定装置的稳定性。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”、 “设置”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，所述伸缩吊臂包括有外臂和能够相对于所述外臂发生伸缩运动的内臂，其特征在于，所述锁定装置包括：
    定位构件，所述定位构件活动设置在外臂或内臂上，所述定位构件具有允许内臂相对于外臂自由伸缩的开启状态和防止内臂回缩的闭合状态，伸缩吊臂的锁定与解锁分别和定位构件的闭合状态与开启状态相对应，所述定位构件上设置有复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧提供将所述定位构件推至所述闭合状态的推力；
    阻挡部，所述阻挡部固定设置在所述内臂或所述外臂，所述定位构件和所述阻挡部分别位于所述外臂和内臂上，或者所述定位构件和所述阻挡部分别位于所述内臂和外臂上；当定位构件处于闭合状态时，阻挡部与定位构件相互抵接，实现内臂的回缩锁定；当定位构件处于开启状态时，内臂可自由伸缩；
    定位构件开启装置，所述定位构件开启装置用于将定位构件从闭合状态切换到开启状态，所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台，所述驱动凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述定位构件受所述驱动凸台触发而切换到开启状态；
    定位构件状态保持与复位装置，所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置用于将所述定位构件保持于开启状态，当解除定位构件的开启状态时，定位构件将复位到所述闭合状态；所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的复位凸台，所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述定位构件受所述复位凸台触发而切换到闭合状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述阻挡部为孔槽和/或阻挡板，当定位构件处于闭合状态时，所述定位构件可抵接所述孔槽的侧壁和/或所述阻挡板，所述孔槽与上述侧壁相对的一侧设置有斜坡和/或间隙，所述斜坡和/或间隙用于当内臂外伸时所述定位构件可从所述孔槽中退出。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述定位构件为插销或闸板，当所述定位构件处于闭合状态时，所述插销或闸板垂直于吊臂的伸缩方向；优选地，所述定位构件为闸板，所述闸板与所述阻挡部相抵接的一面为正面，所述闸板与所述正面相背的一面为背面，所述锁定装置还包括有至少一个抵靠部，所述抵靠部固定设置在所述外臂内侧或所述内臂外侧，且位于所述闸板的背面一侧，所述抵靠部与所述闸板位于同一外臂或内臂上，当沿着伸缩方向看时，所述阻挡部与所述抵靠部交错设置，当闸板处于闭合状态时，阻挡部顶压闸板，闸板顶压抵靠部，实现内臂的回缩锁定；当闸板处于开启状态时，内臂可自由伸缩，阻挡部和抵靠部不发生干涉；优选地，所述抵靠部为抵靠板或止挡块。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述定位构件还具有栓头，当所述定位构件处于闭合状态时，所述定位构件与所述阻挡板抵接，所述栓头插入所述孔槽内；优选地，所述锁定装置还包括有用于容纳所述定位构件的固定在所述外臂或内臂上的槽盒，所述定位构件可相对于所述槽盒滑动或者转动实现所述开启状态和所述闭合状态的切换。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台，所述驱动凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述驱动凸台具有一驱动所述定位构件运动的斜面，内臂外伸时，定位构件被所述斜面驱动而直接开启；优选地，驱动凸台与阻挡板结合成一个部件，驱动凸台的斜面位于背向于阻挡板与定位构件抵接的一端；
    或者所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台和设置在所述外臂或内臂上的第一摆杆，所述驱动凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述第一摆杆与所述定位构件位于同一外臂或内臂上，所述第一摆杆可绕第一摆杆中部的一枢接点转动，第一摆杆的一端通过软绳与定位构件连接，第一摆杆的另一端可被所述驱动凸台驱动实现所述第一摆杆的转动，定位构件被软绳提升而开启；
    或者所述定位构件开启装置包括有设置在所述内臂或外臂上的驱动凸台和设置在所述外臂或内臂上的第二摆杆，所述第二摆杆的一端铰接在外臂上，第二摆杆的另一端与所述定位构件活动连接，第二摆杆的中部设置一凸起，所述凸起可被所述驱动凸台驱动实现第二摆杆的转动，所述定位构件被第二摆杆推举而开启。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括可插入所述定位构件上的插销孔的固定销、套设在固定销上的第一弹簧、转轴和设置在转轴上的拔叉和摇柄，以及安装于内臂或外臂上的复位凸台，所述固定销和转轴均设置在外臂或内臂上，所述第一弹簧提供将所述固定销插入所述插销孔的推力；当所述固定销插入所述插销孔后，定位构件保持于所述开启状态；所述摇柄被所述复位凸台推动时，带动所述转轴及所述拔叉转动，所述拔叉推动固定销脱离所述插销孔，在所述复位弹簧的作用下，所述定位构件从开启状态切换到闭合状态；所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述固定销、转轴与所述定位构件同时设置于所述外臂或内臂上；
    或者所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括设置于外臂或内臂上的止退簧片、设置于定位构件上的卡持部、设置于外臂或内臂上的驱动摆杆、第二软绳和安装于内臂或外臂上的复位凸台；定位构件开启后，所述止退簧片的端部与所述卡持部抵接将所述定位构件保持于开启状态；所述驱动摆杆可绕驱动摆杆中部的一枢接点转动，驱动摆杆的一端通过所述第二软 绳与所述止退簧片连接，另一端可被复位凸台驱动实现所述驱动摆杆的转动，所述止退簧片被所述第二软绳拉动后退，使得所述止退簧片的所述一端与所述卡持部分离，在所述复位弹簧的作用下，所述定位构件从开启状态切换到闭合状态；所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述驱动摆杆与所述定位构件同时设置于所述外臂或内臂上；
    或者所述定位构件状态保持与复位装置包括可插入所述定位构件上的插销孔的固定销、套设在固定销上的第二弹簧、与所述固定销连接的电磁铁、位置开关以及复位凸台，所述第二弹簧提供将所述固定销插入所述插销孔的推力；当所述固定销插入所述插销孔后，定位构件保持于所述开启状态；当所述复位凸台触发所述位置开关，接通电磁铁电源拔出所述固定销，在所述复位弹簧的作用下，所述定位构件从开启状态切换到闭合状态，所述复位凸台与所述阻挡部位于同一内臂或外臂上，所述电磁铁、位置开关与所述定位构件同时设置于所述外臂或内臂上。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置，其特征在于，所述驱动凸台、复位凸台、阻挡部均沿着伸缩方向设置有多个。
  8. 一种伸缩吊臂，所述伸缩吊臂具有权利要求1-7任意一项所述的锁定装置。
  9. 一种起重机，所述起重机具有权利要求8所述的伸缩吊臂。
  10. 一种采用如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的锁定装置的伸缩吊臂的伸缩锁定方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    1)当所述内臂处于某位置锁定时，所述定位构件处于所述闭合状态，内臂伸出时，定位构件开启装置将所述定位构件从所述闭合状态切换到所述开启状态，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件保持在开启状态，内臂可自由伸缩；
    2)当所述内臂伸出至某一预定位置时，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件从所述开启状态切换到所述闭合状态，此时如果所述内臂回缩，阻挡部与定位构件相互抵接，实现内臂的回缩锁定，此时内臂仍可自由伸出；
    3)不断地重复步骤1)、步骤2)可以实现内臂在多个预定长度位置中的任意位置处的回缩锁定；
    4)当需要回缩所述内臂时，内臂至少伸出既定长度，定位构件开启装置将所述定位构件从所述闭合状态切换到所述开启状态，定位构件状态保持与复位装置将定位构件保持在开启状态，此时内臂可以连续地回缩至部分回缩状态或完全回缩状态；如果是部分回缩后需要锁定，则应在回缩到位后，内臂再做一个小幅外伸的锁臂动作。
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CN1669904A (zh) * 2005-03-18 2005-09-21 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司 起重机伸缩吊臂自锁装置
CN101492145A (zh) * 2008-01-25 2009-07-29 陈奕松 锁板可自动离合的起重机吊臂伸缩自锁装置及其方法
CN101786578A (zh) * 2009-01-27 2010-07-28 马尼托沃克起重机集团（法国）公司 带有可移动锁定机构的起重机伸缩臂的锁定系统
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CN207276086U (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-04-27 陈奕松 一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置、伸缩吊臂及起重机
CN108116995A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-06-05 陈奕松 一种伸缩吊臂的锁定装置、伸缩吊臂、起重机及其伸缩锁定方法

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US20220169485A1 (en) * 2019-04-04 2022-06-02 Tadano Ltd. Work machine
US11958726B2 (en) * 2019-04-04 2024-04-16 Tadano Ltd. Work machine

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