WO2018224064A1 - Drei-wege-katalysator - Google Patents
Drei-wege-katalysator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018224064A1 WO2018224064A1 PCT/DE2017/000154 DE2017000154W WO2018224064A1 WO 2018224064 A1 WO2018224064 A1 WO 2018224064A1 DE 2017000154 W DE2017000154 W DE 2017000154W WO 2018224064 A1 WO2018224064 A1 WO 2018224064A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- way catalyst
- honeycomb
- combustion
- metal
- catalyst unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/02—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a three-way catalytic converter unit for internal combustion engines, which has a first body, is passed through the soot particle-free exhaust gas, and provided with a provided in the first body processing device in which the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas reduced to nitrogen and burned unburned or partially Components of a fuel to be regenerated.
- Such three-way catalyst units are well known for gasoline engines. For diesel engines, however, such three-way catalyst units are not usable because these engines do not burn soot particles. In a gasoline engine, the gasoline is completely evaporated and not, as in a diesel engine, burned as a drop.
- Diesel engines have a high degree of coverage and are widespread, so that these may not be disregarded for reducing the CO 2 emissions in engines. Diesel engines use a combustion process under high compression pressure. In contrast to gasoline engines, the fuel to be burned is not present in a gaseous and / or vaporous state, but in fine droplets.
- An exhaust gas purification system for diesel engines therefore does not have a lambda 1 system customary in gasoline engines and a purely heterogeneous catalysis of the two stages
- the degree of glowing coke particles in a combustion process in diesel engines is also referred to as "self-lighting."
- the coke particles only burn in the combustion mixture until the combustion temperature has become too low, which is why not all the coke particles burn
- these unburned components of the diesel engine combustion mixture are also the reason why the exhaust gas is not completely converted into a gas. This is why diesel particulate filters are used to develop and incorporate soot filters into diesel engines.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to develop a three-way catalyst of the type mentioned in such a way that it can also be used for diesel engines.
- a second main body is provided, which is arranged upstream of the first basic body in a fuel line of the internal combustion engine to avoid particles in the exhaust gas.
- the second body is a combustion accelerator unit that accelerates combustion by chemically forming organometallic compounds in the fuel so as to avoid the formation of soot particles in the combustion.
- the formation of the second basic body as a combustion accelerator unit is based on the finding that the activation energy of the oxygen splitting of O 2 to 20, ie the prerequisite for the oxidation reaction, is significantly higher than the activation energy of the reduction of N 2 O, NO and NO 2 to N 2 .
- the second body is a reaction honeycomb having a spinel structure of at least one metal and rare earths and selectively performing the reduction.
- This special embodiment of the second basic body is based on the finding that the activation energy of the oxygen cleavage of O 2 to 20 with release of the oxygen at spinel or spinel structures is significantly higher than the energy of the reduction of N 2 O, NO and NO 2 to N 2 .
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first body of a three-way catalyst unit according to with a first and second processing device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a second main body connected upstream of the first main body from FIG. 1 with a combustion accelerator.
- the system of the three-way catalyst for diesel engines and / or gasoline engines according to the invention consists essentially in that at different locations and separated from each other a Verbrennungsbelixerlocherö for transferring the burned exhaust gas into pure gas without coke particles, a reaction honeycomb for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides in Exhaust gas through a spinel honeycomb and for activation of this honeycomb with the residues of CO in the exhaust gas and, in a preferred embodiment, a Nachverbrennungswabe with addition of air from the turbocharger, consisting of a honeycomb, such as the reaction honeycomb, but with further oxidation additives, are arranged.
- a three-way catalyst unit 1 for internal combustion engines and in particular diesel engines are shown schematically.
- This three-way catalyst unit 1 is designed so that this is indeed intended for diesel engines, but can also be used for gasoline engines.
- the illustrated in Fig. 1 three-way catalyst unit 1 comprises a catalyst 1.1 and a combustion accelerator 5.1, wherein the catalyst 1.1 is formed in a first base body 3 and the combustion accelerator 5.1 is formed in a second base body 5.
- the first main body 3 in turn comprises a first processing device 3.1.
- This first processing device 3.1 can process exhaust particulate-free exhaust gases in a manner known per se and typically in order to reduce nitrogen oxides contained therein to nitrogen and to regenerate unburned or partially burned components of a fuel.
- the first base body 3 is a catalyst honeycomb with 5% excess of cerium and lanthanum, which on calcination forms a mixed crystal with a relatively small surface area. After dissolution of this mixed crystal formed essentially from acetates or nitrates, these substances react to form a spinel. This spinel is then dissolved in oxalic acid and calcined again. This process is repeated until the surface of the spinel is so large that it can fulfill the function of the first basic body 3. In general, this will be the case if a crystal filament diameter of the spinel is less than 0.000001 m. The spinel or spinel structure is then applied to a metal honeycomb or metal-coated ceramic honeycomb to form the reaction honeycomb therewith.
- the first base body 3 thus produced then comprises the actual redox catalyst with a selective uptake of the oxygen of the nitrogen oxides and the selective reduction by the CO of the exhaust gas.
- the second body part 5 is formed with the combustion accelerator 5.1 (FIG. 2).
- the combustion accelerator 5.1 comprises at least one reactor element 5.2, which is arranged in a fuel line 7 or a fuel filter, for example in a diesel fuel filter.
- the at least one reactor element 5.2 has a weight of about 0.2 kg each and consists essentially of a metal mesh. This metal mesh is made from a single metal body by a long and one-piece machined chip.
- the length of such, produced without breakage Drehspans 29 m Preferably, the length of such, produced without breakage Drehspans 29 m.
- the above dimensions for weight and length are only an example. In other embodiments, other weights and lengths may also be provided for the metal mesh.
- the metal body from which the spin chip is made has a composition of 70% tin, 34% copper, 5% silver, 0.9% lanthanum corobaltite and 0.1% gold. The spin chip lifted off such a metal body is then folded and twisted until a compact reactor body is created which is about 11 mm long.
- the width of the lifted lathe is about 7 mm, whereby during folding and twisting care is taken that the "metal bands" (ie the different sections of one and the same metal band) only touch punctually
- Such a combustion accelerator ensures the optimum flow of fuel and does not dissolve in its structure even after 300,000 to 400,000 km
- the weight loss by formation of organometallic was measured for each 100,000 km between 10 and 15%.
- a second processing device 3.2 is provided as a post-combustion honeycomb, which has a metered addition of air from a turbocharger.
- an air injection device 9 is arranged for blowing in air (or an air mixture) from the turbocharger.
- the afterburning honeycomb of the second processing device 3.2 has essentially the same structure and is essentially Chen as well as the reduction honeycomb of the first processing device 3.2.
- a diesel filter of a diesel engine with 1, 2 1 displacement has a filter inner diameter of about 40 mm.
- the combustion accelerator unit 1.1 (second main body 5) according to the present invention is used in the diesel filters, that is, the metal mesh of the reactor element 5.2 has a metal strip length of 29 m, a belt width of 7 mm and a metal belt weight of 200 g.
- the metal band consists essentially of tin, copper, silver, spinel and gold.
- Olefin + tin / silver metal alkane, with laterally attached silver and tin
- This fuel burns completely and faster, whereby the faster, more complete and also more uniform combustion of the injection timing can be adjusted to later and thereby also nitrogen oxides are reduced.
- the light-off behavior of the diesel engine improves, and a nailing of the diesel engine disappears over the entire service life of the engine.
- the exhaust of the diesel engine is now preceded by a three-way catalyst, in which a stainless steel structure, coated with the spinel, according to the composition of the reduction honeycomb (first processing device 3.1) is arranged as the first honeycomb.
- the temperature resistance of this coating has been measured up to 1 150 ° C.
- the coating is able to regenerate itself repeatedly in the selective oxygen adsorption.
- the honeycomb has a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 120 mm.
- the tangential air blowing device 9 is arranged so that the vortex does not form on the wall, but in the middle.
- the amount of air is only 1 to 2% of the amount of exhaust gas. Accordingly, the temperature reduction is only 5%.
- the first base body 3 is provided with an insulating layer to obtain the reaction activity.
- the air injection device 9, the second processing device 3.2 is arranged as Nachverbrennungswabe. This is just like the reduction honeycomb of the first processing device 3. lausge convey. From the already existing tests of the arrangement according to the invention, there are also advantages for the gasoline engine when a second base body 5 and a second processing device 3.2 are used in the first base body 3.
- a second base body 5 of 40 mm in diameter and 150 mm in length is used and shockproof stored by a spring anchored in the diesel filter.
- a spinel-coated structural honeycomb of 150 mm is introduced as the first main body 3 or first processing device 3.1, which is wrapped with a vibration-proof stainless steel grid structure. The injection time is set by 3 ° to later.
- the distance between the reaction honeycomb (first processing device 3.1) and the post-combustion honeycomb (second processing device 3.2) is 120 mm.
- a secondary air supply takes place in the middle between the two honeycombs via the air injection device 9 and protrudes 30 mm into the interior.
- the entire first base body 3 is wrapped with an aluminum oxide insulation of 10 mm thickness and secured with a cover.
- the afterburning honeycomb has a diameter of 150 mm and is supported by a stainless steel grid structure.
- the entire first base body 3 is also thermally insulated by an alumina fiber of 10 mm thickness.
- the post-combustion honeycomb has spinel and additives of noble metals and metal oxides as doping elements.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2017/000154 WO2018224064A1 (de) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | Drei-wege-katalysator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2017/000154 WO2018224064A1 (de) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | Drei-wege-katalysator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018224064A1 true WO2018224064A1 (de) | 2018-12-13 |
Family
ID=59968867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2017/000154 Ceased WO2018224064A1 (de) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | Drei-wege-katalysator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2018224064A1 (de) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6000381A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1999-12-14 | Advanced Power Systems International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for treating fuel |
| US20020040707A1 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 2002-04-11 | Lee Ratner | Fuel conditioning assembly |
| EP2072774A1 (de) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Kompressionszündungsmotor mit Drei-Wege-Katalysatorvorrichtung |
| EP2080891A2 (de) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-22 | Christian Koch | Verbrennungsbeschleuniger für Motoren und Brenner |
| EP2233197A2 (de) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-29 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Sattelfahrzeug |
| WO2012009582A1 (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2012-01-19 | Scott Taucher | Coolant-to-catalyst fuel modification method and apparatus |
| DE102015015555A1 (de) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-01 | Christian Koch | Drei-Wege-Katalysator für Dieselmotoren |
-
2017
- 2017-06-06 WO PCT/DE2017/000154 patent/WO2018224064A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6000381A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1999-12-14 | Advanced Power Systems International, Inc. | Method and apparatus for treating fuel |
| US20020040707A1 (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 2002-04-11 | Lee Ratner | Fuel conditioning assembly |
| EP2072774A1 (de) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-06-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Kompressionszündungsmotor mit Drei-Wege-Katalysatorvorrichtung |
| EP2080891A2 (de) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-22 | Christian Koch | Verbrennungsbeschleuniger für Motoren und Brenner |
| EP2233197A2 (de) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-29 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Sattelfahrzeug |
| WO2012009582A1 (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2012-01-19 | Scott Taucher | Coolant-to-catalyst fuel modification method and apparatus |
| DE102015015555A1 (de) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-01 | Christian Koch | Drei-Wege-Katalysator für Dieselmotoren |
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