WO2018211793A1 - 透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲット - Google Patents
透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018211793A1 WO2018211793A1 PCT/JP2018/008975 JP2018008975W WO2018211793A1 WO 2018211793 A1 WO2018211793 A1 WO 2018211793A1 JP 2018008975 W JP2018008975 W JP 2018008975W WO 2018211793 A1 WO2018211793 A1 WO 2018211793A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3407—Cathode assembly for sputtering apparatus, e.g. Target
- C23C14/3414—Metallurgical or chemical aspects of target preparation, e.g. casting, powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sputtering target for a transparent conductive film, and more particularly to a sputtering target for a transparent conductive film capable of forming a transparent conductive film capable of DC sputtering and having high etching processability.
- the transparent conductive film used for the in-cell type capacitive touch panel is required to have high resistance and high transmittance in order to prevent the display operation from being disturbed by low frequency noise. This is because if the conductive film has a low resistance, a high-frequency signal used for touch sensing is cut off.
- This conductive film is usually formed by sputtering a sputtering target.
- ITO is mainly used as a high-transmittance material.
- ITO has a low resistance, it cannot be used as a conductive film for an in-cell capacitive touch panel.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a transparent conductive film containing ITO as a main raw material, containing 7.2 to 11.2 atomic% of silicon, and having a specific resistance of 10 0 to 10 3 ⁇ cm.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a transparent conductive film having a resistivity of 0.8 to 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ cm obtained by sputtering a transparent conductive film sputtering target made of indium oxide, tin oxide, and silicon oxide. .
- any conductive film has low etching processability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sputtering target capable of performing DC sputtering, generating less nodules and arcing, having high specific resistance, and capable of forming a transparent conductive film having high etching processability.
- the constituent elements are In, Sn, Si and O, or In, Si and O, and the content ratio of In is 70.0% by mass or more in terms of In 2 O 3 . It is less than 0% by mass, the Sn content is 0% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less in terms of SnO 2 , and the Si content is greater than 15.0% by mass in terms of SiO 2 , 20.0% by mass %
- a sputtering target for a transparent conductive film made of an oxide sintered body In the X-ray diffraction measurement of the sputtering target, all of Si appears as a peak of an indium silicate compound having a tortovite type structure.
- the transparent conductive film sputtering target preferably has a specific resistance of 2.0 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ cm or less.
- the transparent conductive film sputtering target preferably has a relative density of 98.0% or more.
- the constituent elements are In, Sn, Si and O, or In, Si and O, and the content ratio of In is 73.0% by mass or more and 87.0% by mass in terms of In 2 O 3.
- the Sn content ratio is 0% by mass or more and 9.0% by mass or less in terms of SnO 2
- the Si content ratio is 13.0% by mass or more and 18.0% by mass or less in terms of SiO 2 .
- the transparent conductive film preferably has a film resistivity of 1.0 ⁇ 10 0 ⁇ cm or more, and an etching rate of more than 11.0 ⁇ / sec.
- the manufacturing method of the transparent conductive film of this invention forms into a film by sputtering the said sputtering target for transparent conductive films.
- the film specific resistance of the transparent conductive film is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 0 ⁇ cm or more, and the etching rate of the transparent conductive film is preferably greater than 11.0 ⁇ / sec. .
- the sputtering target for forming a conductive film of the present invention has a low specific resistance, can perform DC sputtering, and generates less nodules and arcing. Moreover, a transparent conductive film having a high film specific resistance and a high etching processability can be formed by sputtering.
- the method for producing a transparent conductive film of the present invention can produce a transparent conductive film having high specific resistance and high etching processability.
- FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the sputtering target obtained in Example 3.
- the constituent elements are In, Sn, Si and O, or In, Si and O, and the content ratio of In is 70.0% by mass or more in terms of In 2 O 3 . It is less than 0% by mass, the Sn content is 0% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less in terms of SnO 2 , and the Si content is greater than 15.0% by mass in terms of SiO 2 , 20.0% by mass % Of oxide sintered body.
- the target made of an oxide sintered body such as the sputtering target for transparent conductive film of the present invention may contain inevitable impurities derived from raw materials, etc., and the sputtering target for transparent conductive film of the present invention includes May contain inevitable impurities.
- the content of inevitable impurities in the sputtering target for transparent conductive film of the present invention is usually 100 ppm or less.
- the constituent element means a constituent element excluding inevitable impurities in the sputtering target or transparent conductive film
- the content ratio of each constituent element is the content of each constituent element in the entire sputtering target or transparent conductive film. It means ratio.
- the sputtering target for transparent conductive film of the present invention is characterized in that the content ratio of Sn is lower than that of a normal ITO sputtering target or contains no Sn and contains a relatively high concentration of Si.
- the constituent elements of the oxide sintered body are In, Sn, Si and O, or In, Si and O.
- the content ratio of In is 70.0% by mass or more and less than 85.0% by mass in terms of In 2 O 3 , preferably 73.0% by mass or more and 84.0% by mass or less, more preferably 76.0 or less mass% to 84.0 mass%
- the content ratio of Sn is 10.0 wt% 0 wt% or more in terms of SnO 2, preferably 7.0 mass% or more 0 wt% or less, more preferably Is 0% by mass or more and 5.0% by mass or less
- the Si content ratio is larger than 15.0% by mass in terms of SiO 2 , 20.0% by mass or less, preferably 16.0% by mass or more and 20.0% by mass. % Or less, more preferably 16.0 mass% or more and 19.0 mass% or less.
- the composition of the transparent conductive film sputtering target is the same as the composition of the oxide sintered body.
- the sputtering target for transparent conductive film made of an oxide sintered body having the above composition has a low specific resistance, it is possible to perform DC sputtering.
- the specific resistance of the sputtering target for transparent conductive film is preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ cm or less, more preferably 1.5 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ cm or less, and 1.0 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ cm or less. More preferably it is.
- DC sputtering can be performed when the specific resistance of the target is on the order of 10 2 ⁇ cm or less.
- a sputtering target for a transparent conductive film made of an oxide sintered body having the above composition can form a transparent conductive film having a high film specific resistance by sputtering. For this reason, when the transparent conductive film obtained from the said sputtering target for transparent conductive films is used for an in-cell type capacitive touch panel, the interference
- the film specific resistance of the transparent conductive film is preferably 1.1 ⁇ 10 0 ⁇ cm or more, more preferably 1.2 ⁇ 10 0 ⁇ cm or more.
- the upper limit of the film specific resistance of the transparent conductive film is not particularly defined, but is usually 5.0 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ cm.
- the transparent conductive film sputtering target made of an oxide sintered body having the above composition can form a transparent conductive film with high etching processability by sputtering. High etching processability can be evaluated by a high etching rate.
- the transparent conductive film obtained from the sputtering target for transparent conductive film preferably has an etching rate of more than 11.0 ⁇ / sec, more preferably 11.3 ⁇ / sec or more, and more preferably 15.0 ⁇ / sec or more. Is more preferable, and is more preferably 20.0 ⁇ / sec or more.
- the etching rate of the transparent conductive film is determined by immersing a part of the transparent conductive film in a transparent conductive film etching solution (ITO-07N manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) heated to 40 ° C. for 6 minutes. It can be calculated from the film thickness difference (step) and the etching time between the place where the process is performed and the place where the process is not performed.
- a transparent conductive film etching solution ITO-07N manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the film specific resistance of the transparent conductive film obtained by sputtering a sputtering target for a transparent conductive film made of an oxide sintered body containing In, Sn, and Si is higher as the Sn and Si contents of the target are higher. Become.
- the etching processability of the transparent conductive film does not increase when the Sn content is large. Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficient etching workability of the transparent conductive film, it is necessary that the Sn content of the target below 10.0 wt% 0 wt% or more in terms of SnO 2.
- the Sn content of the target is set to 0% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less in terms of SnO 2 , the film specific resistance is lowered.
- the Si content is increased accordingly. There is a need to. Therefore, Si content should more than 15.0 wt% in terms of SiO 2.
- the Si content is 20.0% by mass in terms of SiO 2 , and no more is required. That is, the sputtering target for transparent conductive film of the present invention has an Sn content of 0% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less in terms of SnO 2 and more than 15.0% by mass in terms of SiO 2 and 20.0% by mass or less.
- the Si content it became possible to perform DC sputtering, and the combination made it possible to achieve both high film resistivity and high etching processability of the formed transparent conductive film. .
- the relative density of the transparent conductive film sputtering target is preferably 98.0% or more, more preferably 98.5% or more, and further preferably 99.0% or more. When the relative density is 98.0% or more, efficient sputtering with less generation of nodules and arcing is possible.
- the upper limit of the relative density is not particularly limited and may exceed 100%.
- the relative density is a numerical value measured based on the Archimedes method.
- the target for transparent conductive film it is preferable that all of Si appear as a peak of an indium silicate compound having a tortobitite structure in X-ray diffraction measurement. That is, the target contains an indium silicate compound having a tortovite structure, and when the target is measured by X-ray diffraction, all of Si appears as a peak of the indium silicate compound having a tortovite structure. It is preferable that it does not appear as a peak of a Si compound other than an indium silicate compound having a tortovite structure.
- the indium silicate compound having a tortuitite structure is, for example, a compound represented by In 2 Si 2 O 7 .
- Si compound other than the indium silicate compound having a tortuitite type structure examples include SiO 2 .
- the sputtering target for transparent conductive film includes, for example, an In 2 O 3 phase, an In 4 Sn 3 O 12 phase, etc. in addition to an indium silicate compound phase having a tortuitite type structure.
- the said sputtering target for transparent conductive films can be manufactured by the method as shown below, for example.
- the raw material powder is usually In 2 O 3 powder, SnO 2 powder and SiO 2 powder.
- the In 2 O 3 powder, the SnO 2 powder and the SiO 2 powder are mixed so that the contents of In, Sn and Si in the obtained sintered body are within the above ranges, respectively.
- the content ratio of the In 2 O 3 powder, the SnO 2 powder and the SiO 2 powder in the mixed powder obtained by mixing the raw material powders is the In content ratio in terms of In 2 O 3 in the oxide sintered body, SnO Sn content ratio of 2 terms, and that each and Si content ratio of SiO 2 in terms matches have been identified.
- each raw material powder usually has aggregated particles, it is preferable to pulverize and mix in advance, or to perform pulverization while mixing.
- the method of pulverizing or mixing the raw material powder can be put in a pot and pulverized or mixed by a ball mill.
- the obtained mixed powder can be molded as it is to obtain a molded body, which can be sintered.
- a binder may be added to the mixed powder to form a molded body.
- the binder used when obtaining a molded object in a well-known powder metallurgy method for example, polyvinyl alcohol, an acrylic emulsion binder, etc. can be used.
- a dispersion medium may be added to the mixed powder to prepare a slurry, and the slurry may be spray-dried to produce granules, and the granules may be formed.
- a method conventionally employed in the powder metallurgy method for example, a cold press, CIP (cold isostatic pressing) or the like can be used.
- the mixed powder may be temporarily pressed to produce a temporary molded body, and the pulverized powder obtained by pulverizing the mixed powder may be pressed to produce the molded body.
- you may produce a molded object using wet forming methods, such as a slip casting method.
- the relative density of the molded body is usually 50 to 75%.
- Sintered body can be obtained by firing the obtained molded body.
- the firing furnace used for firing is not particularly limited as long as the cooling rate can be controlled during cooling, and may be a firing furnace generally used for powder metallurgy.
- An oxygen-containing atmosphere is suitable as the firing atmosphere.
- the heating rate is usually 100 to 500 ° C./h from the viewpoint of increasing the density and preventing cracking.
- the firing temperature is 1300 to 1600 ° C., preferably 1400 to 1600 ° C. When the firing temperature is within the above range, a high-density sintered body can be obtained.
- the holding time at the calcination temperature is usually 3 to 30 hours, preferably 5 to 20 hours. When the holding time is within the above range, it is easy to obtain a high-density sintered body.
- cooling is performed by lowering the temperature in the firing furnace to usually 300 ° C./hr or less, preferably 100 ° C./hr or less.
- the transparent conductive film sputtering target can be obtained by cutting the sintered body thus obtained into a desired shape as necessary and grinding it.
- the shape of the sputtering target for transparent conductive film is not particularly limited, such as a flat plate shape and a cylindrical shape.
- the sputtering target for transparent conductive film is usually used by bonding to a substrate.
- the substrate is usually made of Cu, Al, Ti or stainless steel.
- As the bonding material a bonding material used for bonding a conventional ITO target material, for example, In metal can be used.
- the bonding method is the same as the conventional ITO target material bonding method.
- a transparent conductive film can be formed by sputtering the transparent conductive film sputtering target. As described above, since the transparent conductive film sputtering target has a low specific resistance, it is possible to perform not only RF sputtering but also DC sputtering.
- the transparent conductive film By sputtering the sputtering target for transparent conductive film, a transparent conductive film having In, Sn, Si and O, or In, Si and O as constituent elements can be obtained.
- the Sn content ratio and the Si content ratio of the transparent conductive film obtained tend to be lower than the Sn content ratio and the Si content ratio of the transparent conductive film sputtering target. Therefore, the transparent conductive film has an In content ratio of 73.0% by mass or more and 87.0% by mass or less, preferably 74.0% by mass or more and 87.0% by mass or less in terms of In 2 O 3 .
- the content ratio is 0% by mass or more and 9.0% by mass or less in terms of SnO 2 , preferably 0% by mass or more and 8.0% by mass or less, and the Si content ratio is 13.0% by mass or more in terms of SiO 2 . It is 0 mass% or less, Preferably it is 13.0 mass% or more and 16.0 mass% or less.
- the obtained transparent conductive film has high film resistivity and etching processability.
- the transparent conductive film may contain inevitable impurities.
- the content of inevitable impurities in the transparent conductive film is usually 100 ppm or less.
- C1 to Ci each indicate the content (mass%) of the constituent material of the target material, and ⁇ 1 to ⁇ i indicate the density (g / cm 3 ) of each constituent material corresponding to C1 to Ci.
- the following Examples and substances used in the preparation of the target material in Comparative Example (starting material) are the In 2 O 3, SnO 2, SiO 2, for example, C1: In 2 O used in the target 3 raw mass% ⁇ 1: In 2 O 3 density (7.18 g / cm 3 ) C2: Mass% of SnO 2 raw material used for the target ⁇ 2: SnO 2 density (6.95 g / cm 3 ) C3:% by mass of SiO 2 raw material used for the target ⁇ 3: SiO 2 density (2.20 g / cm 3 ) Is applied to the equation (X), the theoretical density ⁇ can be calculated.
- Etching rate of the transparent conductive film The etching rate of the transparent conductive film is obtained by immersing a part of the transparent conductive film for 6 minutes in a transparent conductive film etching solution (ITO-07N manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) heated to 40 ° C. After etching, use KLA-Tencor's stylus type surface profile measuring instrument P-15 to measure the level difference between the etched area and the unetched area, and divide the level difference by the etching time. To calculate.
- a transparent conductive film etching solution ITO-07N manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the transparent conductive film formed on the copper foil was used for the measurement of the content ratio of In, Sn, and Si in the transparent conductive film.
- the content ratio of In and Sn was measured by an acid decomposition ICP-OES method using an ICP emission spectrophotometer 720 ICP-OES manufactured by Agilent Technologies.
- the content ratio of Si was a spectrophotometer manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. U-2900 Used and measured by molybdenum blue absorptiometry.
- the obtained molded body was put into a firing furnace, oxygen was allowed to flow into the furnace at 1 L / h, the firing atmosphere was an oxygen flow atmosphere, the heating rate was 350 ° C./h, the sintering temperature was 1550 ° C., and the firing temperature. Was fired at a holding time of 9 hours. Then, it cooled at the temperature-fall rate of 100 degrees C / h. In Comparative Example 7, the firing temperature was 1250 ° C. An oxide sintered body was obtained as described above.
- This oxide sintered body was cut to produce a sputtering target.
- the relative density of this sputtering target, specific resistance, and the presence state of Si in the sputtering target were measured by the above methods. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the notation “In 2 Si 2 O 7 ” indicates that all Si in the sputtering target appears as a peak of In 2 Si 2 O 7 in the X-ray diffraction measurement.
- the notation “SiO 2 + In 2 Si 2 O 7 ” indicates that Si in the sputtering target appears as a peak of SiO 2 and a peak of In 2 Si 2 O 7 .
- FIG. 1 the X-ray diffraction pattern of the sputtering target obtained in Example 3 is shown in FIG.
- black circles indicate In 2 O 3 peaks
- black triangles indicate In 2 Si 2 O 7 peaks. From FIG. 1, it was confirmed that all Si in the sputtering target obtained in Example 3 was present as Si in In 2 Si 2 O 7 , which is an indium silicate compound having a tortovite type structure. .
- the sputtering target is bonded to a copper backing plate with In solder, and sputtering is performed under the following conditions to form a transparent conductive film having a thickness of 1000 mm on a glass substrate for measuring specific resistance and etching rate.
- a transparent conductive film having a thickness of 15000 mm was formed on a copper foil having a thickness of 1.1 mm.
- DC sputtering could not be performed because the specific resistance of the target was high and no discharge occurred.
- the target of Comparative Example 7 was frequently arced and nodulated, and could not be formed stably. Therefore, film formation evaluation could not be performed.
- Equipment DC magnetron sputtering equipment, exhaust system cryopump, rotary pump Ultimate vacuum: 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa Sputtering pressure: 0.4 Pa
- Oxygen flow rate 0-3.0sccm
- the film specific resistance, etching rate, In content ratio, Sn content ratio and Si content ratio of the obtained transparent conductive film were measured by the above methods.
- the conditions for the oxygen flow rate were adjusted as appropriate so that an amorphous transparent conductive film was obtained and the specific resistance of the film was the lowest. The results are shown in Table 1.
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Abstract
Description
高透過率材料として、ITOが主に使用されているが、ITOは抵抗が低いので、インセル型の静電容量型タッチパネルの導電性膜には使用できない。
前記スパッタリングターゲットのX線回折測定において、Siがすべてトルトバイタイト型構造を有する珪酸インジウム化合物のピークとして現れる。
前記透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲットは、相対密度が98.0%以上であることが好ましい。
本発明の透明導電膜の製造方法は、前記透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲットをスパッタリングすることにより成膜を行う。
まず、原料粉末を混合する。原料粉末は、通常In2O3粉末、SnO2粉末およびSiO2粉末である。In2O3粉末、SnO2粉末およびSiO2粉末は、得られる焼結体におけるIn、SnおよびSiの含有量がそれぞれ上記範囲内になるように混合される。なお、原料粉末を混合して得られた混合粉末におけるIn2O3粉末、SnO2粉末およびSiO2粉末の含有比は、前記酸化物焼結体におけるIn2O3換算のIn含有比、SnO2換算のSn含有比、およびSiO2換算のSi含有比とそれぞれ一致することが確認されている。
原料粉末の粉砕方法や混合方法には特に制限はなく、例えば原料粉末をポットに入れて、ボールミルにより粉砕または混合を行うことができる。
成形方法は、従来粉末冶金法において採用されている方法、たとえばコールドプレスやCIP(冷間等方圧成形)等を用いることができる。
なお、スリップキャスト法等の湿式成形法を用いて成形体を作製してもよい。
成形体の相対密度は通常50~75%である。
このようにして得られた焼結体を、必要に応じて所望の形状に切り出し、研削等することにより前記透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲットを得ることができる。
前記透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲットは、通常基材にボンディングして使用される。基材は、通常Cu、Al、Tiまたはステンレス製である。ボンディング材は、従来のITOターゲット材のボンディングに使用されるボンディング材、たとえばInメタルを用いることができる。ボンディング方法も、従来のITOターゲット材のボンディング方法と同様である。
1.ターゲットの相対密度
透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲットの相対密度はアルキメデス法に基づき測定した。具体的には、ターゲット材の空中質量を体積(ターゲット材の水中質量/計測温度における水比重)で除し、下記式(X)に基づく理論密度ρ(g/cm3)に対する百分率の値を相対密度(単位:%)とした。
ρ=((C1/100)/ρ1+(C2/100)/ρ2+・・・+(Ci/100)/ρi)-1 (X)
(式中C1~Ciはそれぞれターゲット材の構成物質の含有量(質量%)を示し、ρ1~ρiはC1~Ciに対応する各構成物質の密度(g/cm3)を示す。)
下記実施例および比較例においてターゲット材の製造に使用する物質(原料)は、In2O3、SnO2、SiO2であるため、例えば
C1:ターゲットに使用したIn2O3原料の質量%
ρ1:In2O3の密度(7.18g/cm3)
C2:ターゲットに使用したSnO2原料の質量%
ρ2:SnO2の密度(6.95g/cm3)
C3:ターゲットに使用したSiO2原料の質量%
ρ3:SiO2の密度(2.20g/cm3)
を式(X)に適用することで理論密度ρを算出することができる。
スパッタリングターゲットの比抵抗は、三菱化学社製、ロレスタ(登録商標)HP MCP-T410(直列4探針プローブ TYPE ESP)を用いて、加工後の焼結体表面にプローブをあてて、AUTO RANGEモードで測定した。
スパッタリングターゲット中のSiの存在状態はリガク社製X線回折装置 SmartLab(登録商標)を用いて下記条件にて測定した。
・線源:CuKα線
・管電圧:40kV
・管電流:30mA
・スキャン速度:5deg/min
・ステップ:0.02deg
・スキャン範囲:2θ=20度~80度
透明導電膜の膜比抵抗は、共和理研社製、四探針計測器K-705RSを用いて測定した。
透明導電膜のエッチングレートは、40℃に加熱した透明導電膜エッチング液(関東化学社製ITO-07N)の中に、前記透明導電膜の一部を6分間浸すことでエッチングを施し、KLA-Tencor社製、触針式表面形状測定器P-15を使用して、エッチングを実施した箇所と実施しなかった箇所との段差を測定し、その段差をエッチング時間で除すことにより算出した。
測定には銅箔上に成膜された透明導電膜を使用した。In、Snの含有比率はAgilent Technologies社製ICP発光分光分析装置 720 ICP-OESを使用して、酸分解ICP-OES法にて測定し、Siの含有比率は日立製作所製分光光度計 U-2900使用して、モリブデンブルー吸光光度法にて測定した。
(スパッタリングターゲットの製造)
In2O3粉末と、SnO2粉末と、SiO2粉末とを、表1に示した比率で、ボールミルを用いて混合し、混合粉末を調製した。
以上のようにして酸化物焼結体を得た。
前記スパッタリングターゲットを銅製バッキングプレートにIn半田により接合し、以下の条件でスパッタリングを行い、比抵抗およびエッチングレート測定用としてガラス基板上に膜厚1000Åの透明導電膜を成膜し、また、透明導電膜のSn含有比率およびSi含有比率測定用として、厚さ1.1mmの銅箔上に膜厚15000Åの透明導電膜を成膜した。なお、比較例6では、ターゲットの比抵抗が高く、放電が立たなかった為、DCスパッタリングは行えなかった。また、比較例7のターゲットはアーキングとノジュールが多発し、安定して成膜を行うことができなかった。そのため成膜評価も行うことができなかった。
装置:DCマグネトロンスパッタ装置、排気系クライオポンプ、ロータリーポンプ
到達真空度:1×10-4Pa
スパッタ圧力:0.4Pa
酸素流量:0~3.0sccm
Claims (9)
- 構成元素がIn、Sn、SiおよびO、またはIn、SiおよびOであり、Inの含有比率がIn2O3換算で70.0質量%以上85.0質量%未満であり、Snの含有比率がSnO2換算で0質量%以上10.0質量%以下であり、Siの含有比率がSiO2換算で15.0質量%より大きく、20.0質量%以下である酸化物焼結体からなる透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲットであって、
前記スパッタリングターゲットのX線回折測定において、Siがすべてトルトバイタイト型構造を有する珪酸インジウム化合物のピークとして現れる透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲット。 - 比抵抗が2.0×102Ωcm以下である請求項1に記載の透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲット。
- 相対密度が98.0%以上である請求項1または2に記載の透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲット。
- 構成元素がIn、Sn、SiおよびO、またはIn、SiおよびOであり、Inの含有比率がIn2O3換算で73.0質量%以上87.0質量%以下であり、Snの含有比率がSnO2換算で0質量%以上9.0質量%であり、Siの含有比率がSiO2換算で13.0質量%以上18.0質量%以下である透明導電膜。
- 膜比抵抗が1.0×100Ωcm以上である請求項4に記載の透明導電膜。
- エッチングレートが11.0Å/secより大きい請求項4または5に記載の透明導電膜。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の透明導電膜用スパッタリングターゲットをスパッタリングすることにより成膜を行う透明導電膜の製造方法。
- 前記透明導電膜の膜比抵抗が1.0×100Ωcm以上である請求項7に記載の透明導電膜の製造方法。
- 前記透明導電膜のエッチングレートが11.0Å/secより大きい請求項7または8に記載の透明導電膜の製造方法。
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| US5433901A (en) * | 1993-02-11 | 1995-07-18 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Method of manufacturing an ITO sintered body |
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| JP4028269B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-19 | 2007-12-26 | 日鉱金属株式会社 | 高抵抗透明導電性膜用スパッタリングターゲット |
| JP2007176706A (ja) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-12 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 酸化物焼結体及びその製造方法並びにスパッタリングターゲット及び透明導電膜 |
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| JP2019039074A (ja) | 2019-03-14 |
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