[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2018173034A1 - Nouveau système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement pour moteur diesel ou moteur à essence, cng, gnl à allumage par étincelle - Google Patents

Nouveau système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement pour moteur diesel ou moteur à essence, cng, gnl à allumage par étincelle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018173034A1
WO2018173034A1 PCT/IL2018/000003 IL2018000003W WO2018173034A1 WO 2018173034 A1 WO2018173034 A1 WO 2018173034A1 IL 2018000003 W IL2018000003 W IL 2018000003W WO 2018173034 A1 WO2018173034 A1 WO 2018173034A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
methanol
section
catalyst
hpc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IL2018/000003
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dan YITZHAKI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US16/493,543 priority Critical patent/US20200023314A1/en
Publication of WO2018173034A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018173034A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
    • B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
    • B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/202—Hydrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/21—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2251/206 or B01D2251/208
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1021—Platinum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1023—Palladium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1025—Rhodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/30—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel reformer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/04—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrogen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO A NOVEL EXHAUST AFTER-TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR A DIESEL ENGINE OR A SPARK IGNITION GASOLINE ,CNG,LNG, ENGINE,
  • the system comprises of a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) a diesel particulate filter (DPF) a selective catalyst reduction(SCR)and in parallel to the main exhaust passage of the effluent flue gases(EFG) there is a catalytic hydrogen production section(HPC)which is fed by a mixture of methanol and water which via steam reforming produce hydrogen rich gas which is injected into the SCR for improved De-NOX.
  • DOC diesel oxidation catalyst
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • SCR selective catalyst reduction
  • the invention relates to a system for reducing the emission of hydrocarbons (HC) carbon monoxide(CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOX).
  • HC hydrocarbons
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • NOX nitrogen oxides
  • the catalyst installed in the passage of the exhaust gases from the engine is a three way catalyst which oscillates between oxidation and reduction so it oxidizes CO and HC and reduces NOx to N2 .
  • the oxidation reduction catalyst is therefore three way catalyst.
  • Hydrogen could be added as an external reductant into the TWC , for improved De-Nox.
  • the main exhaust passage way comprises of DOC(diesel oxidation catalyst) located after the HE (heat exchanger) which is located adjacent to the the EG from the engine ,A TURBOCHARGER for driving an air compressor that compresses air to the engine is optional.
  • DPF only for diesel engine
  • a SCR which contains two parts WHERE the first PART is A reduction catalyst followed by a second part of a mixed oxidation- reduction catalyst.
  • An HPC catalyst system is installed in parallel to the main exhaust PASSAGE, a mix of methanol and water is pumped through an heat- exchanger where it is heated by the hot flue gases from the engine flue gases EG from the engine.
  • the hydrogen rich gas is injected upstream of the SCR-the selective reduction catalyst, and serves in reducing the NOx in the first part of reduction catalyst followed by an oxidation-reduction catalyst for polishing the DENOx.
  • the solution to the cold start problem is to delay the injection of the main fuel and for the first few seconds just use the engine as an air compressor , injecting Methanol into this compressed air and igniting it with an ignitor( metal net )using electric current from the batteries.
  • NOx are produced in the hot engine from reaction between Nitrogen and Oxygen at very high temperatures.
  • a portion of the NOx reacts with the HC and CO in the DOC converting them to carbon dioxide and water via being reduced to nitrogen.
  • this is done in the TWC operating in stoichiometric conditions.
  • Fig 1 is a general flow scheme for Diesel oil engine with an exhaust after treatment system with oxidation catalyst (DOC) and selective reduction catalyst (SCR)
  • DOC oxidation catalyst
  • SCR selective reduction catalyst
  • Fig 2 is a general flow scheme for Gasoline (or CNG or LPG) engine with an exhaust after treatment system with Three Way Catalyst(TWC)
  • Fig 3 is a general flow scheme for gasoline(or CNG or LPG) engine with an exhaust after treatment system with oxidation catalyst(GOC) and selective reduction catalyst(SCR)
  • V solenoid valve ,on/off position receiving signals from car computer
  • TWC Three WAY Catalyst
  • GOC Gasoline Oxidation Catalyst.
  • thermometers T1, T2. T3 AND T4 indicate that the required temperatures are high enough for the efficient operation of the various catalysts .
  • the temperature sensor Tl starts the methanol pump PI while at same instant opens valve VI to pass methanol to the DOC and closes si breaker to pass electric current from the batteries to the metal wire net located at the inlet of DOC and serves as ignitor.
  • the methanol which mixes with the compressed air from the engine cylinders is ignited and while being combusted ,a non flame combustion, in the DOC, heats the DOC catalyst up to a predetermined temperature ,which is higher than the minimum temperature required for the DOC catalyst to function properly, usually above 300 deg. c.
  • Tl When Tl measures that the predetermined temperature needed for efficient catalyst activity is attained Tl emits a signal that opens V2, activates S2 and simultaneously shuts valve VI and the electric current to SI.
  • Thermometer T2 will open valve V4 and activate S4, the metal net ignitor, that upon heating will start the combustion of the injected methanol until catalyst SCR is heated up to the predetermined temperature required for the adequate operation of the catalyst in sections SCR, then the signal from T4 mounted at the outlet of the SCR section will shut off valve V4 and cut the electric current to the ignitor heated metal ring S4
  • thermometer T3 mounted at the outlet of the HPC catalyst, will now open valves V3 and V5 and the electric current for S3.
  • the methanol injected through valve v3 mixed with the air from valve V5 ignited by S3 will ignite the methanol-air mixture and the heat of combustion of the methanol injected heats catalyst HPC up to the predetermined temperature.
  • a mixture of methanol-water is now injected by the two heads pump P2 and the mix is heated by the exhaust gases from the engine via HE , located adjacent to the engine , and the hot mix is now injected into the HPC catalyst section which is now at the proper temperature for the steam- reforming of methanol for production of Hydrogen rich gas which flows into the SCR section.
  • the DIESEL OIL is now injected into the ENGINE which now operates normally , under load, with all the catalysts DOC,SCR,HPC, and the DPF are now hot , active and fully functional.
  • valves VI and V2 shut -off and the power supply to the ignition rings at each of the catalyst sections SI and S2 is cut off.and pump PI is shut off.
  • valve pump P2 cuts in and the mixture of methanol and water that flows into the HPC catalyst is producing hydrogen which is injected into the SCR catalyst .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

Les moteurs à combustion interne, à la fois à combustion par compression (CI), principalement pour carburant diesel, et à allumage par étincelle (SI), pour l'essence, le gaz naturel comprimé (GNC) ou le GPL, émettent des polluants pendant le fonctionnement, mais particulièrement pendant le démarrage à froid en plus de l'azote, du dioxyde de carbone et de l'eau. Ces polluants sont : le monoxyde de carbone (CO), les hydrocarbures non brûlés (HC) et les oxydes d'azote (NOx). Toutes les voitures doivent aujourd'hui être équipées de convertisseurs catalytiques permettant d'oxyder le CO en CO2 et le HC en CO2 et en eau et la réduction des NOx en N2 et en eau. Ces catalyseurs sont inactifs à des températures inférieures à 300 °C et ainsi, lors du démarrage d'un moteur à froid, l'émission de polluants est élevée et non atténuée par les catalyseurs. Un autre problème est qu'un agent réducteur est nécessaire pour la réduction du NOx en N2 et en eau et les agents réducteurs dans les gaz d'échappement, à savoir CO et HC ou l'ammoniac ou l'urée ajoutés aux gaz de combustion, ne sont pas suffisamment efficaces pour satisfaire aux exigences plus strictes pour une très faible émission de NOx. De nombreuses suggestions existent dans la littérature et les brevets qui proposent l'utilisation d'un chauffage électrique des monolithes catalyseurs, cependant la charge élevée sur les batteries et le temps long nécessaire pour le chauffage rendent cette approche pratiquement irréalisable. Une autre approche, pour le déNOx et parfois également pour le démarrage à froid, consistait à produire de l'hydrogène à partir d'eau par électrolyse et d'abord, à stocker de l'hydrogène et de l'oxygène pour une injection dans des catalyseurs froids et à allumer ceux-ci avant l'injection du carburant principal dans le moteur et, ensuite, lors du fonctionnement, à produire de l'hydrogène à utiliser en tant qu'agent réducteur de NOx. Cette approche s'est également avérée trop difficile et coûteuse et tout à fait impraticable. Dans la présente invention, un système de carburant auxiliaire de petites dimensions est installé, de préférence à alcool de type méthanol. Lors du démarrage à froid, l'injection du carburant principal, tel que le carburant diesel pour les moteurs CI ou l'essence pour les moteurs SI, est retardée pendant quelques secondes et l'air comprimé provenant du moteur s'écoule dans le passage principal de post-traitement et se mélange avec le méthanol injecté et le mélange s'écoule dans la première section de catalyseur, au niveau de l'entrée de laquelle un filet métallique connecté à une source électrique, telle qu'une batterie de voiture, est chauffé par allumage du mélange d'air-méthanol jusqu'à ce que la section de catalyseur soit chauffée puis, successivement, toutes les sections de catalyseur, et dans le cas d'un moteur diesel également le filtre à particules diesel (DPF, DIESEL PARTICULATES FILTER), sont chauffés jusqu'à la température de fonctionnement efficace. Toute alimentation en méthanol est alors coupée et un mélange méthanol-eau est injecté dans une section de production d'hydrogène catalytique (HPC) qui est installée en parallèle au passage d'échappement principal et le flux riche en hydrogène est injecté en tant qu'agent réducteur dans la section de réduction de déNOX de catalyseurs. Par conséquent, les sections de catalyseur (et la section DPF pour un moteur diesel) sont alors complètement efficaces, le carburant principal dans le moteur est injecté normalement avec tous les dispositifs de réduction de pollution pleinement et efficacement opérationnels.
PCT/IL2018/000003 2017-03-23 2018-03-20 Nouveau système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement pour moteur diesel ou moteur à essence, cng, gnl à allumage par étincelle Ceased WO2018173034A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/493,543 US20200023314A1 (en) 2017-03-23 2018-03-20 A novel exhaust after-treatment system for a diesel engine or a spark ignition gasoline, cng,lng, engine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL251356 2017-03-23
IL251356A IL251356B (en) 2017-03-23 2017-03-23 An improved system for cleaning exhaust gases from diesel and gasoline engines in cold drive and removing nitrogen oxides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018173034A1 true WO2018173034A1 (fr) 2018-09-27

Family

ID=62454756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IL2018/000003 Ceased WO2018173034A1 (fr) 2017-03-23 2018-03-20 Nouveau système de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement pour moteur diesel ou moteur à essence, cng, gnl à allumage par étincelle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20200023314A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL251356B (fr)
WO (1) WO2018173034A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109589791A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-04-09 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种高效无二次污染的内燃机氮氧化物控制系统及其工作方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111852666B (zh) * 2020-07-24 2022-11-15 浙江吉利新能源商用车集团有限公司 一种甲醇发动机的冷起动控制方法、控制系统及车辆

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1349088A (en) * 1970-06-29 1974-03-27 Universal Oil Prod Co Method and apparatus for treating ic engine exhaust gas
JPH04318214A (ja) * 1991-04-17 1992-11-09 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
DE19638802A1 (de) * 1996-09-20 1998-03-26 Gerhart Prof Dr In Eigenberger Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Kaltstartverhaltens von vollaktiven oder gealterten Automobilkatalysatoren
US6272849B1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2001-08-14 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for heating an automotive catalyst to an emission reactive condition
US20070028601A1 (en) * 2003-04-05 2007-02-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Device and method for exhaust gas aftertreatment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1349088A (en) * 1970-06-29 1974-03-27 Universal Oil Prod Co Method and apparatus for treating ic engine exhaust gas
JPH04318214A (ja) * 1991-04-17 1992-11-09 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
DE19638802A1 (de) * 1996-09-20 1998-03-26 Gerhart Prof Dr In Eigenberger Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Kaltstartverhaltens von vollaktiven oder gealterten Automobilkatalysatoren
US6272849B1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2001-08-14 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for heating an automotive catalyst to an emission reactive condition
US20070028601A1 (en) * 2003-04-05 2007-02-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Device and method for exhaust gas aftertreatment

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109589791A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-04-09 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种高效无二次污染的内燃机氮氧化物控制系统及其工作方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL251356A0 (en) 2017-06-29
IL251356B (en) 2018-11-29
US20200023314A1 (en) 2020-01-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7818960B2 (en) SCR cold start heating system for a diesel exhaust
CN110770419B (zh) 废气再处理系统以及用于内燃机的废气再处理的方法
US20100269492A1 (en) Diesel aftertreatment system
US8464523B2 (en) Targeted particulate matter filter regeneration system
US9057307B2 (en) Exhaust gas aftertreatment installation and method
US9291079B2 (en) Engine aftertreatment system with exhaust lambda control
CN113227547B (zh) 废气后处理系统以及内燃机的废气后处理方法
US12480431B2 (en) Aftertreatment system including preheating oxidation catalyst
US20120301365A1 (en) Exhaust purification device for internal combustion engine
US20200023314A1 (en) A novel exhaust after-treatment system for a diesel engine or a spark ignition gasoline, cng,lng, engine
US20130180232A1 (en) Internal combustion engine
CN112253299A (zh) 发动机尾气NOx的净化系统及其控制方法、发动机
WO2011128943A1 (fr) Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne
EP3607178B1 (fr) Procédé et system de purification des contaminants des gaz d'échappement des moteurs thermiques
KR102307828B1 (ko) 내연 기관 및 그 작동 방법
US6568174B2 (en) Process and apparatus for reducing warm-up emissions of a direct injection internal combustion engine
US7204082B1 (en) System for combustion of reformate in an engine exhaust stream
CN104838103A (zh) 内燃机的运转控制装置以及方法
JP7298575B2 (ja) 内燃機関の排気浄化システム
US20130061585A1 (en) Internal combustion engine
JP2010281309A (ja) 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JP2020118068A (ja) 排ガス浄化用触媒の早期活性化システム及び排ガス浄化用触媒の早期活性化方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18771253

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18771253

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1