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WO2018018850A1 - 一种变速器 - Google Patents

一种变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018018850A1
WO2018018850A1 PCT/CN2017/000127 CN2017000127W WO2018018850A1 WO 2018018850 A1 WO2018018850 A1 WO 2018018850A1 CN 2017000127 W CN2017000127 W CN 2017000127W WO 2018018850 A1 WO2018018850 A1 WO 2018018850A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
shifting
gear
shaft
pinion
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/000127
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑云兵
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2018018850A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018018850A1/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H9/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
    • F16H9/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H9/04—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes
    • F16H9/10—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley provided with radially-actuatable elements carrying the belt

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mechanical transmission, a stepless transmission (referred to as a transmission) capable of smooth running (shifting and transmission) at a high rotational speed and capable of transmitting high torque power with high efficiency.
  • the mechanical transmission refers to the power between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and is transmitted by the contact connection of the parts.
  • the high rotation speed means that the rotation speeds of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are above 2000r/min, and the smoothing means that no significant deviation of the center of gravity of the component occurs during operation, and centrifugal force is generated to cause shock waves in the transmission.
  • the efficiency is the transmission efficiency, the high efficiency is 85% (0.85) or more, and the high torque power is 600 (N ⁇ M) or more of torque (torque).
  • the stepless transmission is a transmission that can continuously adjust between the driving wheel and the driven wheel without any deviation between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the arbitrary torque ratio and the corresponding speed ratio within the set range.
  • the drive wheel is a power input end and the driven wheel is a power output end.
  • the transmission is mainly composed of a power input shaft connected to the driving wheel via a transmission steel belt to connect the driven wheel, the driven wheel is connected with the power output shaft, the outer casing and the control system.
  • the power input shaft receives external power and rotates
  • the driving wheel rotates accordingly and drives the steel belt by friction.
  • the transmission steel belt drives the driven wheel by friction, and the driven wheel drives the power output shaft to transmit power.
  • the transmission is shifted by changing the contact radius of the drive and driven wheels with the belt.
  • the amount of torque that the transmission can transmit depends on the amount of friction between the transmissions.
  • the amount of friction depends on the pressure and contact area between the transmission members.
  • the pressure and contact area between the transmission parts directly affect the transmission efficiency, that is, the greater the pressure and contact area between the transmission parts, the lower the transmission efficiency, and vice versa; and the pressure needs to consume power (the greater the pressure is consumed) The greater the power).
  • the transmission efficiency and the transmission torque are reversed (in inverse proportion); at high transmission efficiency, the transmission torque can only be weak.
  • the main difficulty in this type of transmission, which relies on friction to transmit power, is the drive belt.
  • the driving wheel refers to a power input wheel connected to a power input shaft
  • the driven wheel refers to a power output wheel connected to a power output shaft.
  • the invention provides a mechanically driven stepless transmission which can smoothly run (shifting and transmission) at high speed and can transmit high torque power with high efficiency; and between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the power is not disengaged. It can be continuously adjusted, and the ratio of any torque within the set range and the corresponding speed ratio can be continuously adjusted.
  • the transmission is composed of a casing, a bearing, a driving wheel, an engageable transmission belt (abbreviated as a transmission belt), a driven wheel, a shift control group, and a tensioning wheel; respectively, the driving wheel and the driven wheel respectively
  • the power transmission shaft is disposed, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are both pivoted with the power transmission shaft; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are provided with a variable diameter engageable transmission ring gear (referred to as a ring gear), and the ring gear is meshed by a plurality of The wheel (referred to as the pinion) is oriented in parallel with the axis of the axis, centered on the axis of revolution (the axis of the power transmission shaft), and the annular array is formed in groups; the ring gear and the transmission belt are provided with support for both, achieving mutual The structure of the meshing transmission power characteristic; the connection between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is carried out by the transmission belt as the transmission medium, and
  • the ring gear circumference is a length that is closed by a continuous line around the periphery of the ring gear and closed.
  • the drive belt refers to a drive train and other types of drive belts that can be engaged with gears (toothed wheels), wherein the drive train includes a drive chain such as a toothed chain or a roller chain.
  • the drive belt is closed.
  • the pinion refers to a sprocket and other types of gears that can mesh with a chain or toothed belt.
  • the annunciator refers to electronic components such as a proximity switch, a photosensitive switch, a Hall switch, and a passing current generator (a device that generates a current through a coil).
  • the transmission belt and the pinion gear are matched correspondingly (the pinion gear with the toothed chain of the transmission belt is the corresponding toothed sprocket; the pinion gear with the toothed belt of the transmission belt is the corresponding toothed belt pulley; the pinion gear of the transmission belt is the roller chain is Corresponding roller sprocket), the following matching of the transmission belt and pinion will not be specified.
  • pinions and belts of different materials tooth profiles and constructions can be used in the transmission. In a transmission with a small torque, a toothed pulley and a toothed belt can be used.
  • the driving wheel and the driven wheel are mounted on the outer casing via a bearing, and the driving wheel is connected with the driven wheel via a driving belt (the three are in meshing connection), the shift control group is mounted on the outer casing and connected with the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the shifting speed is adopted.
  • the control group is connected to a power source.
  • the transmission receives external power by a driving wheel, and transmits power to the driven wheel through a transmission belt, and the power is output by the driven wheel.
  • the combination wheel includes a wheel, a power transmission shaft, a displacement gear, a displacement rack, a pinion gear, a pinion shaft, a pinion shaft seat, a shift claw, a claw foot, a claw foot lock piece, and a bearing, wherein the wheel
  • the combination of the power transmission shaft of the surplus connection is a wheel body; the middle of the pinion shaft is interference-connected to the pinion gear, and the two ends of the pinion shaft are respectively mounted with a combination of a pinion shaft seat, a displacement gear, a claw foot and a claw foot lock piece.
  • the combination wheel is composed of a plurality of sets of pinion gears and a plurality of indexing racks and shifting claws, wherein the shifting claws are connected with the claws of the pawl pins and the claws on the pinion gears by the claw rods;
  • the wheel body is connected with a set of pinion gears in each set of shifting holes, and a shifting claw is respectively disposed at two ends of the power transmission shaft of the wheel body, and the plurality of claws of the shifting claws of each end are respectively corresponding to the corresponding ends of the pinion gear group via the claw pin
  • the claw legs are connected, and the displacement rack is fixed on the wheel disc and meshed with the displacement gears in the pinion gear set.
  • the pinion gear is mounted on the pinion shaft, and the pinion gear and the pinion shaft are fixedly connected; the pinion shaft is assembled in the gear shift hole of the wheel body via the pinion shaft seat, and the pinion shaft seat and the shifting hole are alively connected (The pinion shaft seat of a set of small gear sets can also be set as a dead connection with the shifting hole); the shifting claw is sleeved on the power transmission shaft (the shifting claw is alive connection with the power transmission shaft), and the shifting claw is connected with the claw foot (live Connection), the claw foot is connected with the pinion shaft (live connection), the claw foot lock piece limits the claw foot to the pinion shaft, and the shift claw is connected with the shift control group; the axis of the wheel body (the axis of the power transmission shaft) ) is the revolution axis of all pinion gears, the pinion gear is the ring gear of the combined wheel; the ring gear
  • the ring gear in the combination wheel is formed by a plurality of pinion gears in a circular array centered on the hub axis; the ring gear and the wheel disc in the combination wheel are concentric circles or close concentric circles.
  • the pinion includes a non-circular gear.
  • the wheel and the power transmission shaft are coaxial.
  • the ring gear can also be understood as a combination of a plurality of pinion gears, based on a pinion shaft, a pinion shaft seat and a wheel body.
  • the plurality of pinion gears means that the number of gears is more than three (including three), and the number of gears is determined by the amount of torque that the transmission can transmit (the greater the torque that the transmission can transmit, the more the number of pinions should be).
  • a small transmission (a transmission with a torque capacity of 700 N.M or less) is taken as an example, and the number of pinions of the transmission is preferably 5-10.
  • the power transmission shaft is a shaft that supports and positions the combined wheel and the transmission, that is, a shaft that receives the bending moment and withstands the torque.
  • the operation process of the transmission and the action of the component when the driving wheel rotates after receiving the external rotating power, will drive the belt to transmit the power to the driven wheel, and the driven wheel outputs the rotating power; when the shift control group receives the shifting signal power, The shifting power will be generated to push the shifting pawl.
  • the movement of the shifting pawl will push the pinion gear group to make the radial motion of the wheel.
  • the radial action of the pinion gear group will change the ring gear composed of the pinion gears in the pinion gear set.
  • the live connection means that there is a certain gap between the two, which can slide or rotate with each other, and the fixed connection refers to a locked state (interference bonding) between each other.
  • the self-rotation of the pinion gear refers to the rotation of the pinion gear with the pinion shaft as the axis.
  • the component of the combination wheel of the transmission is that the wheel of the combination wheel is a disk with a hole in the center of the disk surface, and the wheel disk has five shifting holes in the annular array centered on the axis of the wheel, the longitudinal center line of the shifting hole and the The radii of the wheel are parallel, and the two ends of the five shifting holes are respectively not in communication with the outer circle and the axial hole of the wheel, leaving a thickness of 5%-10% of the radius of the wheel, and the width of the shifting hole is
  • the outer edge width of the pinion shaft seat is added with an active gap;
  • the pinion shaft seat is shaped like an outer inner circle, the thickness is less than or equal to the thickness of the wheel disc, and the center of the pinion has a central hole; wherein the shifting claw is composed of a claw seat and a claw rod
  • the bearing and the claw pin are composed of
  • the claw rod is a square steel strip with pin holes at both ends, and the axial distances of the pin holes at both ends of the claw rod are equal; the claw feet are tubular and have two ear steel sleeves, and the two ears are located on both sides of the steel sleeve.
  • the claw has a pin hole extending through both ears.
  • the transmission combination wheel is configured such that five pinion shafts respectively penetrate through the center hole of the five pinions and are an interference connection; the pinion shaft and the connected pinion are coaxial, and the pinion is at the middle position of the pinion shaft,
  • the pinion shaft has sufficient required length; the five pinion shafts are respectively sleeved with pinion shaft seats, five pinion shafts with pinion and pinion shaft seats, and the pinion shaft sleeve has pinion shaft seats
  • the two ends are respectively inserted into the five shifting holes of the two wheels; the pinion shaft seats are all buried in the shifting holes, and the thickness of the five pinion gears is preferably equal; the power transmission shaft penetrates the center hole of the two wheels And the interference is integrated into one, the two wheels are located in the middle of the power transmission shaft, the power transmission shaft and the two wheels are coaxial, the shifting holes of the two wheels are aligned, and there are spaces between the two wheel faces.
  • 5 pinions are located in the interval, the width of the interval is slightly larger than the thickness of the pinion, and there is a gap between the 5 pinions and the two wheels; the 5 pinion shafts are at the same axis perpendicular to the power transmission axis Set on the plane of the line in a clockwise direction
  • Gear shaft 1 shaft (referred to as 1 shaft) pinion shaft 2 shaft (referred to as 2 shaft) pinion shaft 3 shaft (referred to as 3 shaft) pinion shaft 4 shaft (referred to as 4 shaft) pinion shaft 5 shaft (referred to as 5 axis);
  • the one shaft and the pinion shaft seat on the shaft are locked and non-rotatable, and the two shafts, the three shafts, the four shafts, and the five shafts are rotatable between the pinion shaft seats connected to the shaft; five The pinion shaft and the pinion shaft and the pinion shaft seat are connected to each other, and the wheel reciprocating motion can be performed in the shifting holes of the two wheels; wherein the displacement gear is a gear having an
  • the card has a claw locking piece; the maximum circumference of the displacement gear on the 2 and 5 axes, and the maximum circumference ratio of the pinion on the shaft is 1 to 1.1755; the maximum of the displacement gear on the 3 and 4 axes The circumference is on 2 or 5 axes
  • the maximum circumference of the gear is half; the two ends of the power transmission shaft are respectively provided with claws on both ends of the wheel, and one end of the claw seat has a pin seat toward the wheel, and the claw seat can be the shaft of the shaft on the power transmission shaft To the reciprocating action; the five pin holders of the claw seat are respectively connected with five claw rods, and the five claw rods are respectively connected by pins on the end claw legs, and the two claw seats are connected in this way, and a total of 10 claw rods are connected; There are two thrust bearings and one rolling bearing on the claw seat, and the rolling bearing is between the two thrust bearings; the retaining ring on the claw seat and the snap ring in the card slot realize the bearing with large bearing capacity.
  • the structural relationship between the components of the transmission combination wheel is such that the middle section of the power transmission shaft is slightly thicker, and the two discs are interference-connected on the middle section of the power transmission shaft; the functions of the two wheels and the power transmission shaft are Receiving and outputting power, carrying and limiting pinion gear sets, transmitting power to and from the pinion gear set, and combining the shifting claws to position the pinion gear set; all the pinion gears can be individually matched with the drive belt, and the pinion gear interference connection is small On the gear shaft; the pinion function is to form the ring gear of the combined wheel and the meshing force with the transmission belt and the mutual transmission force, and can change the outer circumference of the ring gear composed of the (spindle) by the moving position, and can be corrected by the rotation Between the belt and the belt, due to the displacement of the (pinion); the middle section of the pinion shaft is slightly thicker, and the middle section and the pinion are connected by interference, with the two ends respectively, the pinion shaft seat, the displacement gear, and the
  • the claw feet are tubular and the pin seats on both sides of the outer edge, the pin
  • the seat has a pin hole running straight through the two pin seats; the claw foot is sleeved on the pinion shaft and connected to the claw rod through the pin on the pin seat, and the claw rod can be fan-shaped for the pin-centering action of the pin shaft, and the claw foot is
  • the pinion shaft can be rotated; the function of the claw foot is to connect the pinion shaft and the claw rod and make the three on the same power chain (the power can be transmitted to each other), the auxiliary shift claw changes the power direction, receives the power of the shift claw, and With this power, the pinion shaft connected with its (claw foot) is acted upon together with its (claw foot) to position the pinion shaft by the shift claw; the claw foot
  • the shift control group of the transmission is that the shift control group consists of a main control main shaft, a main control sub shaft, a main control gear, a switch frame, a main control switch limit groove, an annunciator, an electromagnetic pressure plate, a pressure plate bearing, and a clutch friction plate ( Referred to as friction plate), clutch seat, relay, progressive wheel, shifting spindle, shifting auxiliary shaft, progressive push rod, variable speed power gear, reverse gear, reverse gear shaft, shifting shaft gear, resistance; rotary shifting spindle and shifting pair Both ends of the shaft are threaded, and the threads at both ends are opposite; the variable speed spindle and the shifting auxiliary shaft are connected with a resistance device; the switch frame has two main control switches (two main control switches can be used with proximity switches or mechanical type) Switch) and main control switch return spring (referred to as reset spring), this article takes
  • the two main control switches When the external force disappears, the two main control switches will be pushed back to the original position by the return spring (2 main control switches)
  • the following can be referred to as a right main control switch and a left main control switch respectively;
  • the main control switch limit slot is a chute, and the main control switch limit slot is fixed on the outer casing by a fastener;
  • the main control switch limit slot and the switch The main control switch limit slot limit switch frame, and the switch frame can be slid along the slot in the limit slot;
  • the progressive push rod has a pole perpendicular to the main body (some progressive push rods are not Strut);
  • the invention adopts a combination of a reed switch and a trigger magnet as an annunciator as an illustration, the trigger magnet is a cambered isosceles triangle, the top angle to the bottom side is linear, and the length from the top corner to the bottom side is greater than that of the shift claw a slidable distance;
  • the reed switch
  • the shape of the trigger magnet can be changed as needed; and the size ratio of the ring gear of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is set to dry.
  • the reed pipe passes the length of the trigger magnet, and the length of the reed switch passes the length of the trigger magnet to determine the variable of the inner ring gear of a shifting execution position; the electromagnetic pressure plate is electromagnetically powered, and the top plate is ejected when energized, and the power is reduced when the power is turned off.
  • the electromagnetic pressure plate can be respectively referred to as a left electromagnetic pressure plate and a right electromagnetic pressure plate;
  • the clutch seat is a steel plate sleeved on the shifting spindle or the shifting auxiliary shaft, and the clutch seat and the shifting spindle or the shifting auxiliary shaft are an interference connection;
  • the shifting control group has two sets of identical circuits, each set of circuits Therefore, one end of the reed switch is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and one end is connected to two main control switch input ends (the right main control switch and the left main control switch), and the two main control switch output ends are respectively connected to the positive ends of the two relay coils, 2
  • the negative end of the relay coil is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, the input contact of the two relays is connected to the positive pole
  • the triangular magnet is a trigger magnet of a reed switch.
  • the "centrifugal force” formed by the pinion shaft and the claw rod during rotation is transferred to the progressive wheel by the shifting claw and the progressive push rod, and the progressive wheel receives the "centrifugal force" through the thread of the shifting spindle and the shifting auxiliary shaft; under the action of the thread
  • the rotation factor of the centrifugal force converted into the shifting main shaft and the shifting sub-shaft is small, and the rotational factor power is locked by the brake.
  • the ring gear is actually discontinuous (the individual pinions that make up the ring gear are not directly connected), but are described as a whole in the present invention.
  • the pinion gear is connected in a triangular relationship with the shifting pawl and the power transmission shaft and the wheel, and has a triangular force connection (closed triangular "force” connection) that acts to redirect the action and power.
  • the principle of the shifting claw of the transmission is that the wheel surface is connected with the claw rod and the power transmission shaft in a triangular and triangular force relationship. It is assumed that the power transmission shaft is the A side of the triangle, the wheel surface is the B side of the triangle, and the claw rod is the The C side of the triangle; because the claw seat can make the axial sliding action of the shaft on the power transmission shaft, the sliding action is equal to the change of the length of the A side; since the pinion shaft seat is coupled with the pinion pinion shaft and the claw foot, The radial sliding of the wheel is made in the shifting hole on the wheel, and the radial sliding action is equal to the change of the length of the B side; since the claw pin is connected with the claw and the claw seat, the fan can be opened and closed.
  • the fan-shaped opening and closing action is equal to the angle of the two corners of the triangle being variable; the wheel and the power transmission shaft are in an interference connection, and the angle at which the wheel (the wheel and the power transmission shaft) intersect is an invariable angle.
  • the triangle has the above-mentioned factors.
  • the length of the A side changes, the length of the B side changes accordingly; the length change of the B side is equal to the change of the radius length of the ring gear, and can also be understood as the claw foot, the pinion shaft, the pinion gear.
  • the distance between the shaft seat and the pinion to the power transmission shaft changes.
  • the five pinions provided in the combined wheel are equidistant to their common axis.
  • the five pinion shafts provided in the combined wheel and the power transmission shaft are in a parallel state with each other.
  • the ratio of the circumference of the pinion to the circumference of the displacement gear is regular and logically searchable; the ratio of the circumference of the pinion to the circumference of the displacement gear can also be the distance that the pinion needs to roll in the circumference of the ring gear, and The ratio of the distance of the displacement gear on the wheel is set; it can also be set according to the actual measured data.
  • the transmission has a structure in which a driving wheel (combined wheel) is connected to the outer casing via a bearing, and a driven wheel (combined wheel) is coupled to the outer casing via a bearing; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are meshed with the transmission belt by a ring gear, and the transmission belt is located at two The outer ring of the ring gear; the two ends of the power transmission shaft of the driving wheel and the driven wheel are respectively connected with a shifting power gear; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are parallel, and the ring gears of the two are aligned; the tension wheel is installed On the outer casing, and pressed against the transmission belt with a certain elastic pressure; the circumference of the power transmission shaft is divided into five divisions by the five pinion shafts, and the trigger magnet is located between the three-axis and four-axis divisions.
  • the trigger magnet is aligned with the index;
  • the shifting spindle and the shifting auxiliary shaft are connected to the outer casing via a bearing, and the two ends of the shifting spindle and the shifting auxiliary shaft are respectively connected with the progressive wheel by a screw and a nut;
  • the shifting spindle and the shifting speed The two ends of the auxiliary shaft are respectively connected with a clutch seat, and the two ends of the shifting main shaft and the shifting auxiliary shaft are respectively equipped with a friction plate and a shifting shaft gear; the positions of the components on the shifting main shaft and the shifting auxiliary shaft are started from the middle to The two ends are, in order, the clutch seat, the friction plate, the shifting shaft gear, the pressure plate bearing, the electromagnetic pressure plate and the resistance device;
  • the shifting shaft gear at one end of the shifting spindle is meshed with the shifting power gear on the power transmission shaft of the driving wheel, and the other end is
  • the shifting gear is meshed with the reverse gear, and the reverse gear is meshed with the shifting power gear on the power transmission shaft of the
  • the two main control switch limit slots are fixed on the outer casing by fasteners, and the two main control switch limit slots are respectively connected with the two switch frames;
  • the two switch frames are respectively associated with the main control main axis and the main control pair
  • the shafts are connected to each other in a nut-to-screw relationship (the switch frame connected to the main control spindle is called the spindle switch frame, and the switch frame connected to the main control sub-shaft is called the sub-axis switch frame); the right on the two switch frames
  • the main control switch is on the same side (the right side of the switch
  • the circuit distribution of the transmission is, the spindle switch frame, the change
  • the electrical equipment connected to the main shaft and the driving wheel is a set of circuits
  • the electrical equipment connected to the auxiliary shaft switch frame, the variable speed auxiliary shaft and the driven wheel is another set of circuits
  • the right main control switch is connected to the right electromagnetic pressure plate
  • the left main control switch is connected.
  • Left electromagnetic pressure plate the electrical appliance refers to the components that are energized in the transmission, the reed switch, the main control switch, the relay, and the electromagnetic pressure plate). All components and components and components described above are allowed to have certain tolerances. The small movement gaps between the parts and how to fix the gap are easy to implement and will not be described in detail.
  • the movement of the components in the operation of the transmission, the diameter change of the drive ring gear and the driven gear ring is always opposite; the two shifting shaft gears on the shifting spindle rotate in the opposite direction; the two shifting shaft gears on the shifting countershaft The direction of rotation is reversed; when the shifting spindle rotates, the axial directions of the two progressive wheels that are threaded with the shifting spindle are opposite; when the shifting countershaft rotates, the axial direction of the two progressive wheels that are threaded with the shifting countershaft The direction of motion is reversed; the shifting of the transmission is completed by the diameter of the drive gear ring becoming larger, the diameter of the driven gear ring becomes smaller, or the diameter of the drive ring gear becomes smaller, and the ring gear of the driven wheel becomes larger; when the ring gear becomes smaller, Due to the non-elasticity of the belt, the belt will be longer than the circumference of the ring gear.
  • the length of the belt will be released between the 3 and 4 axes, only when the 3 and 4 axes are not adjacent to the belt.
  • the belt is transferred out, and the transferred belt is absorbed by another enlarged ring gear; when the ring gear becomes larger, the belt on the ring gear needs to be increased due to the non-stretchability of the belt.
  • the portion of the belt that needs to be increased will be drawn between the 3 and 4 axes.
  • adjacent connection refers to the connection between two pinions adjacent to each other, that is, the connection between the two pinions without other pinions.
  • the shift execution position refers to a position when the combination wheel is turned to the pinion of the 3-axis and 4-axis of the combination wheel without being adjacently connected by the drive belt.
  • the operation and shifting of the transmission and the action of the component are such that the driving wheel rotates through the power transmission shaft to receive the external rotating power input, and the driving wheel transmits the power to the transmission belt via the ring gear, and the transmission belt transmits the power to the ring gear of the driven wheel to receive the driven wheel.
  • the driven wheel outputs rotational power via the power transmission shaft; when the transmission is in operation, when the driving wheel or the driven wheel is turned to the variable speed position (shifting execution position), the trigger magnet on the power transmission shaft will be close to the corresponding The reed switch closes and the reed switch is closed, and the reed switch on the drive wheel and the driven wheel are not synchronously closed (sometimes there is synchronous closing); the main control spindle can be rotated to give a shift command, and the left turn is an upshift command.
  • the switch frame is limited by the limit position of the switch frame, It can't rotate with the main control main shaft or the main control sub shaft connected to it (switch frame), the switch frame can only make linear reciprocating motion); the main control main shaft and the main control sub shaft drive the switch frame, the action directions are opposite to each other ( If it is an upshift command: the main control spindle pushes the switch frame connected to the main control spindle to the left, and the main control sub-shaft pushes the switch frame connected to the main control sub-shaft to the right; if it is a downshift command: The main control spindle pushes the switch frame connected to the main control spindle to the right, and the main control sub-shaft pushes the switch frame connected to the main control sub-axis to the left side; the movement of the switch frame
  • the closing of the reed switch will turn on the two main control switches connected to the reed switch, and the main control switch in the closed state energizes the corresponding relay.
  • the relay closes the contact, so that the corresponding electromagnetic pressure plate is powered on and works; the electromagnetic pressure plate is powered on, and the shifting shaft gear is pushed into contact with the friction plate and the clutch seat.
  • the shifting shaft gear drives the friction plate and the clutch.
  • the seat rotates together.
  • the rotation of the clutch seat connected to the shifting spindle will drive the shifting spindle to rotate together; the rotation of the clutch seat connected to the shifting countershaft will drive the shifting countershaft to rotate together.
  • the rotation of the shifting spindle will act through the thread to push the progressive wheel that is threadedly connected to move in the middle of the shaft; the rotation of the shifting countershaft will act as a thread to push the threaded connection The progressive wheel does the movement toward both ends of the shaft.
  • the rotation of the shifting spindle will act through the thread to push the progressive wheel that is threaded to move toward both ends of the shaft; the rotation of the shifting countershaft will act through the thread to push it with the thread
  • the progressive wheel of the connection moves in the middle of the axis.
  • the progressive wheel transmits the power to the pawl seats on the driving wheel and the driven wheel through the progressive push rod connected thereto and the bearing on the outer edge of the claw seat, and the corresponding action is performed on the claw seat (ie, in the upshift command, The two claw seats on the driving wheel move toward the wheel, and the two claw seats on the driven wheel move away from the wheel; in the downshift command, the two claws on the driving wheel are away from the wheel Move, the two claw seats on the driven wheel move toward the wheel disc).
  • the two claw seats on the driving wheel respectively push the claw legs connected to the claw rods of the claw seat through the claw rods, and the pinion shafts connected to the claw feet, and the pinion shaft seats on the pinion shafts
  • Position gear, pinion, claw foot lock piece do the radial movement of the wheel (in the upshift command, make the movement from the direction of the outer edge of the wheel shaft to make the ring gear become larger;
  • the downshift command the movement of the outer edge of the wheel to the axial direction is performed to make the ring gear become smaller, and the circumference of the ring gear is changed to a set; and at the same time, it is fixed on the wheel
  • the displacement rack converts the linear power of the displacement gear into rotational power; drives the pinion shaft and the pinion to rotate at a corresponding amplitude, and corrects the difference between the length of the belt and the circumference of the ring gear and the tooth between the belt and the pinion dislocation.
  • the two claw seats on the driven wheel respectively push the claw legs connected to the claw rods of the claw seat through the claw rods, and the pinion shafts connected to the claw feet, and the pinion shaft seats on the pinion shafts
  • Position gear, pinion, claw foot lock piece do the radial movement of the wheel (in the upshift command, make the movement from the outer edge of the wheel to the axis direction, so that the ring gear achieves a smaller action;
  • the downshift command the movement is made by the direction of the outer edge of the wheel hub, so that the ring gear realizes a large movement), and the circumference of the ring gear is changed by setting; at the same time, it is fixed on the wheel disc.
  • the displacement rack converts the linear power of the displacement gear into rotational power, drives the pinion shaft and the pinion to rotate at a corresponding amplitude, and corrects the difference between the belt and the ring gear and the tooth misalignment between the belt and the pinion.
  • the reed switch disconnecting circuit will stop the electromagnetic pressure plate (return to the initial state), the shifting shaft gear is separated from the friction plate and the clutch seat, and the shifting action is terminated and the normal transmission state is restored.
  • the main control switch performs the rapid and large-scale operation of the main control main shaft by the return spring; then, with the number of rotations of the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the orderly implementation is completed and the entire shifting operation is completed.
  • the resistance device prevents the shifting spindle and the shifting countershaft from rotating; during the shifting, the shifting execution position is exceeded, and the drag absorber absorbs the rotational inertia of the shifting spindle and the shifting countershaft, and blocks The shifting spindle and the shifting countershaft continue to rotate.
  • the brakes in the resistance always maintain an effective resistance to resistance.
  • the sprocket and the transmission chain or the toothed belt pulley and the toothed belt are meshed and transmitted, and the transmission efficiency can be up to 85% or more; in the structure of the transmission, under the action of the shifting claw, the driving wheel The rotating part of the driven wheel is balanced under any working condition as long as the part is processed to achieve control accuracy (size and quality). In the operation of the transmission, the "centrifugal force" generated by the moving parts of the transmission is not loaded on the belt. It can be seen in the operation of the transmission that the driving wheel and the driven wheel are always in the transmission relationship between the common type of sprocket and the transmission chain or the toothed belt pulley and the toothed belt.
  • This transmission relationship reaches 2000 r/min.
  • Some mature technologies Among them, the transmission chain and the sprocket can realize the high torque transmission, and it is also a mature technology.
  • the component size factor (the larger the component can withstand and transmit the greater the torque), can be achieved with little or no effect on the transmission efficiency; it can be seen that the stepless transmission still has high torque transmission capability under high transmission efficiency.
  • the transmission achieves smooth and efficient operation (shifting and transmission) at high speeds and the ability to transmit high torque power.
  • the drive wheel and the driven wheel of the transmission can be continuously adjusted in the state where the power is not disengaged, and the arbitrary torque ratio and the corresponding speed ratio within the set range are continuously.
  • the speed ratio and the torque ratio change between the driving wheel and the driven wheel are also equal to the above-mentioned upshifting and downshifting actions (the driving gear ring becomes larger and the driven gear ring smaller becomes smaller, which will cause the driving wheel to rotate at the original speed and Under the torque, the driven wheel speed becomes higher and the torque becomes smaller; the smaller the driving gear ring smaller and the larger the driven gear ring larger, the lower the driving wheel speed and the torque, the lower the driven wheel speed becomes.
  • the present invention achieves the intended purpose.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the transmission can smoothly run (shifting and transmission) at high rotation speed and can transmit high torque power with high efficiency; and the driving wheel and the driven wheel of the transmission can be in a state where the power is not disengaged Continuously recall, any torque ratio within the set range and the corresponding speed ratio.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the principle of a driving wheel circuit of the present invention, and is also a schematic diagram of a driving wheel circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the driven wheel circuit of the present invention, and is also a schematic diagram of the driven wheel circuit of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an external front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional (magnified) view of the W-W of Fig. 3, also in an axial view.
  • Each shifting pawl 12 in the figure is connected to a pinion shaft (1 axis 23, 2 axis 24, 3 axis 25, 4 axis 26, 5 axis 27) in a set of pinion gear sets by five claw bars.
  • Connected to the power transmission shaft 2 is a drive wheel, and the power transmission shaft 3 is connected to a driven wheel.
  • Figure 5 is a right side view of Figure 3.
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view of the internal structure of the embodiment of the present invention; an enlarged view of the enlarged area, which hides the three sets of pinion gears that are visually overlapped and the corresponding indexing racks.
  • the drive wheel in this figure (Fig. 6) is in the same state as the driven wheel.
  • Connected to the power transmission shaft 2 is a drive wheel, and the power transmission shaft 3 is connected to a driven wheel.
  • Fig. 7 is an internal view of the high-end position (the drive wheel is large and the driven wheel is small) in the embodiment of the present invention, and a view of the position of the main part at this time.
  • the figure hides the three sets of small gear sets that overlap visually and the corresponding displacement racks.
  • Figure 8 is an internal view of the low gear position (the drive wheel is small and the driven wheel is large) in the embodiment of the present invention, and a view of the position of the main part at this time.
  • the figure hides the three sets of small gear sets that overlap visually and the corresponding displacement racks.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line K-K of Figure 5;
  • the driving wheel is mounted on the outer casing 1 via bearings at both ends of the power transmission shaft 2;
  • the driven wheel is mounted on the outer casing 1 via bearings at both ends of the power transmission shaft 3;
  • the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting auxiliary shaft 5 through the connected components, and the two ends thereof are respectively mounted on the outer casing 1 through the bearing;
  • the main control main shaft 28 and the main control sub-shaft 29 are connected through the switch frame 33 and the main control gear 30, and the two ends are respectively mounted on the outer casing through the bearing 1;
  • the reverse gear shaft 41 is connected to the reverse gear 40, and both ends are respectively mounted on the outer casing 1 via bearings.
  • the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 are threadedly engaged with the progressive wheel 20; the main control spindle 28 and the main control countershaft 29 are threadedly engaged with the switch frame 33.
  • the power transmission shaft 2, the power transmission shaft 3, the shifting spindle 4, the shifting auxiliary shaft 5, the main control spindle 28, the main control sub-shaft 29 and the reverse gear shaft 41 are all disposed on the outer casing 1 so as not to be axially moved. Preventing axial movement of the shaft is easy to implement and will not be specifically described herein. There are a large number of rolling bearings 53 in the figure, which are not easily indicated one by one.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing a state in which the circumference of the ring gear of the drive wheel is large and the circumference of the ring gear of the driven wheel is small.
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of the wheel of Figure 6 with a disk having a hole in the center of the disk.
  • the longitudinal center line of the shifting hole is parallel to the radius of the wheel, and the two ends of the five shifting holes 16 are respectively in communication with the outer circle and the shaft hole of the wheel, leaving 5% of the radius of the wheel.
  • the thickness of the %, the width of the shifting hole is the outer edge width of the pinion shaft seat plus the active clearance.
  • Figure 12 is a view in which the two discs 8 are combined with the power transmission shaft 2 into a wheel body.
  • the power transmission shaft 2 passes through the two roulette center holes 76 and is connected by interference.
  • the two discs 8 have a height greater than the pinion 10 in the middle. Clearance.
  • the power transmission shaft 2 in this figure (Fig. 12) can also be replaced with the power transmission shaft 3, and becomes a view of the wheel body of the driven wheel.
  • Figure 13 is a side view of the progressive pusher.
  • Figure 14 is a front elevational view of the progressive pusher.
  • Figure 15 is a view of the progressive pusher connected to the progressive wheel.
  • Fig. 16 is a view showing a state in which the circumference of the ring gear of the drive wheel is small and the circumference of the ring gear of the driven wheel is large.
  • Figure 17 is a view of the ring gear at the maximum in the combined wheel; the dotted triangle 101 in the figure is a representation of the deformation and force of the triangular factors of the wheel body, the pinion gear set and the shifting pawl 12.
  • the center of the triangular magnet in the figure indicates the extension line 82 and the center of the main control switch, indicating the extension line 83, indicating the corresponding positions of the triangular magnet 43 and the main control switch 34.
  • Figure 18 is a view of the ring gear in the combination wheel when it is at a minimum; the broken line triangle 101 in the figure is a deformation and force indication of the triangular factor of the wheel body, the pinion gear set and the shifting pawl 12.
  • the center of the triangular magnet in the figure indicates the extension line 82 and the center of the main control switch, indicating the extension line 83, indicating the corresponding positions of the triangular magnet 43 and the main control switch 34.
  • Figure 19 is a view of the combination wheel in the middle of the ring gear (when the ring gear in the drive wheel and the driven wheel is as large), the dotted triangle 101 is the triangular factor of the wheel body, the pinion gear set and the shifting pawl 12 Deformation and force are indicated.
  • the center of the triangular magnet in the figure indicates that the extension line 82 and the center of the main control switch indicate that the extension line 83 overlaps, that is, the center of the triangular magnet 43 and the main control switch 34 are aligned.
  • Figure 20 is an axial view of the switch frame chute 35 to which the switch frame 33 is attached, on the outer casing 1.
  • the switch frame 33 can be axially slid in the switch frame chute 35 with an active connection therebetween.
  • Figure 21 is an enlarged view of the area a1 of Figure 6, and shows the parts not shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 22 is an enlarged view of the area a2 of Figure 6, and shows the parts not shown in Figure 6.
  • Figure 23 is an enlarged view of the area b1 of Figure 6, and the parts not shown in Figure 6 are marked.
  • Figure 24 is an enlarged view of the b2 area of Figure 6, and the components not shown in Figure 6 are labeled.
  • Figure 25 is an enlarged view of the area c1 of Figure 6, and shows the parts not shown in Figure 6.
  • Fig. 26 is an enlarged view of the c2 area of Fig. 6, and shows the parts not shown in Fig. 6.
  • Figure 27 is a front elevational view of the switch holder.
  • Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along line N-N of Figure 27, with the main control switch 34 in the main control switch limit 71.
  • Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line P-P of Figure 27, with the return spring 72 in the view of the main control switch limit 71.
  • Figure 30 is a side view of the claw foot.
  • Figure 31 is a front elevational view of the claw foot.
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view of the triangular magnet 43 mounted (inlaid) on the power transmission shaft 2.
  • This figure (Fig. 32) can also be a cross-sectional view in which the triangular magnet 43 is mounted (inlaid) on the power transmission shaft 3.
  • Figure 33 is an axial view of the meshing state of the belt and the ring gear, and is also an axial view of the ring gear of the pinion with an annular array centered on the hub axis, and is also an axial view of the relationship between the ring gear and the wheel disc.
  • Figure 34 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the combined ring gear reduction operation, in which the dotted line 106 is the axis line of the pinion shaft.
  • Figure 35 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the combined ring gear enlargement operation, in which the dotted line 106 is the axis line of the pinion shaft.
  • Figure 36 is a front elevational view of the combination wheel.
  • Figure 37 is a front (side) view of the pawl.
  • 38 is an overall front view of the shift pawl after the claw rod 46 is connected to the claw seat 61 via the claw pin 14; the claw rod 46 is movably connected with the claw rod pin 14, and the claw rod pin 14 and the connecting seat 62 are connected or unloaded. Locked up.
  • Figure 39 is a view in which the pinion gear and its (displacement gear) drive the pinion in the direction indicated by the arrow 105 when the pinion gear moves toward the edge of the wheel.
  • the displacement gears of the respective pinion shafts are in a state of meshing with the displacement racks, and the displacement racks 19 to which the displacement gears 18 on all the shafts are meshed are mounted in the direction of the 1 axis 23.
  • the displacement gears 18 on the two shafts 24, 3, 25, 4, 26 and 5, 27, in the direction indicated by the arrow 105 scroll.
  • the power transmission shaft 2 in this figure (40) can also be replaced with the power transmission shaft 3.
  • 41 is a view of the pinion gear set, in which the pinion shaft 11 is interference-connected to the pinion 10, and both ends of the pinion shaft 11 are connected from the inside to the outside, respectively connected to the pinion shaft seat 58, the displacement gear 18, the claw 15 and the pawl lock
  • Figure 42 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of Figure 41.
  • Figure 43 is a rear (side) view of the pawl.
  • Figure 44 is a cross-sectional view taken along line U-U of Figure 43.
  • Figure 45 is a front elevational view of the jaw block with the pawl thrust bearing 45 and the pawl lock tab 44 in respective positions.
  • Figure 46 is a front elevational view of the pinion shaft mount.
  • Figure 47 is a side view of the pinion shaft seat.
  • Figure 48 is a cross-sectional view of the QQ of Figure 28, in which the two ends of the switch frame 33 respectively have a main control switch limit Cao 71, the main control switch limit Cao 71 and the main control switch limit Cao 71 are not connected;
  • the return spring 72 abuts against the main control switch 34, 50 in the middle of the switch frame, the spring block 74 blocks the return spring 72 from sliding out of the main control switch limit 71; the main control switch 34 and the main control switch 50 are pushed by the return spring 72 After the middlemost, there is still a gap between the main control switch 34 and the main control switch 50, the gap having a width equal to or slightly larger than the width of the progressive wheel lever 47.
  • Figure 49 is a front elevational view of the switch cage chute.
  • Figure 50 is a side view of the switch frame chute.
  • Figure 51 is a side elevational view of the switch frame 33 attached to the switch frame chute, the connection of the switch frame 33 to the switch frame chute 35 being operatively coupled.
  • FIG. 52 is a schematic diagram of an upshifting operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the main control spindle 28 main control sub-shaft 29 inputs an upshift command, and the switch frame 33 on the main control spindle 28 moves to the left and then closes the main control switch 50.
  • the switch frame 33 on the main control sub-shaft 29 moves to the right and then closes the main control switch 51; in the figure, the drive wheel has been turned to the position of the shift execution position, at this time, the annunciator is closed and the drive relay 98 is closed.
  • the circuit energizes the electromagnetic pressure plate 49; the working electromagnetic pressure plate 49 pushes the shifting shaft gear and the friction plate against the clutch seat by the top barrel of the electromagnetic pressure plate, and drives the shifting spindle 4 to the left by the friction; the left of the variable speed spindle 4
  • the rotation will push the two progressive wheels on the variable speed spindle 4 to the middle (the center point between the two progressive wheels in the shifting spindle 4); the intermediate movement of the two progressive wheels will push all the pinion gears in the drive wheel to do
  • the outward radial action of the wheel increases the diameter of the ring gear in the drive wheel.
  • the driven wheel has been turned to the position of the shifting execution position, at which time the annunciator is energized, and the relay 97 on the left side of the driven wheel closes the circuit to energize the electromagnetic pressure plate 109; the working electromagnetic pressure plate 109 is at the top of its electromagnetic pressure plate.
  • the barrel pushes the shifting shaft gear and the friction plate against the clutch seat to drive the shifting sub-shaft 5 to the right by friction; the right turn of the shifting countershaft 5 pushes the two progressive wheels on the shifting countershaft 5 outward (to the shifting countershaft) 5 shaft end 2 direction) movement; the outward movement of the 2 progressive wheels will push all the pinion gears in the driven wheel to make the radial radial motion of the wheel (the wheel in the driven wheel), so that The diameter of the ring gear in the moving wheel becomes smaller.
  • Figure 53 is a schematic diagram of the downshifting operation of the embodiment of the present invention; in the figure, the main control spindle 28 main control sub-shaft 29 inputs a down (subtraction) command, and the switch frame 33 on the main control spindle 28 moves to the right and then closes the main Control switch 34, the switch frame 33 on the main control sub-shaft 29 moves to the left and then closes the main control switch 52; in the figure, the drive wheel has been turned to the position of the shift execution position, at this time the signal is closed and the left side of the drive wheel
  • the relay 99 closes the circuit to energize the electromagnetic pressure plate 38; the working electromagnetic pressure plate 38 pushes the shifting shaft gear and the friction plate against the clutch seat by the top barrel of the electromagnetic pressure plate, and drives the shifting spindle 4 to the right by the friction; the variable speed spindle The right turn of 4 will push the two progressive wheels on the shifting spindle 4 outward (toward the end of the shaft 2 end of the shifting spindle 4); the outward movement of the two progressive
  • the driven wheel has been turned to the position of the shifting execution position, at which time the annunciator is energized, and the right side of the driven wheel relay 96 closes the circuit to energize the electromagnetic pressure plate 110; the working electromagnetic pressure plate 110 is the top of its electromagnetic pressure plate.
  • the barrel pushes the shifting shaft gear and the friction plate to the clutch seat to drive the shifting sub-shaft 5 to the left by the friction; the left turn of the shifting countershaft 5 pushes the two progressive wheels on the shifting countershaft 5 to the middle (the shifting countershaft 5)
  • the center point between the two progressive wheels moves; the intermediate movement of the two progressive wheels will push all the pinion gears in the driven wheel to make the outward radial action of the wheel (the wheel in the driven wheel), and The diameter of the ring gear in the driven wheel is increased.
  • the axial direction refers to the axial direction of the power transmission shaft, and is also the axial direction of the shaft parallel to the power transmission shaft.
  • Power transmission shaft 2 and power transmission shaft 3 said power transmission shaft
  • Figure 1 Housing, 2. Power Transmission Shaft, 3. Power Transmission Shaft, 4. Variable Speed Spindle, 5. Shifting Countershaft, 6. Resistance, 7. Annunciator, 8. Roulette, 9. Toothed Chain ( Transmission belt), 10 toothed sprocket (pinion), 11. pinion shaft, 12. shifting claw, 13. progressive push rod, 14. claw pin, 15. claw foot, 16. shifting hole, 17. claw foot Locking plate, 18. Positioning gear, 19. Positioning rack, 20. Progressing wheel, 21. Clutching seat, 22. Shifting shaft gear, 23. Pinion shaft 1 axis (referred to as 1 axis), 24. Pinion shaft 2 axes (referred to as 2 axes), 25. Pinion shaft 3 axes (referred to as 3 axes), 26.
  • Pinion shaft 4 axes (referred to as 4 axes), 27. Pinion shaft 5 axes (referred to as 5 axes), 28.
  • Main control switch 53. Rolling bearing, 54. Toothed chain tooth, 55. Toothed sprocket tooth, 56. Displacement gear tooth, 57 displacement rack tooth, 58. Pinion shaft seat , 59. claw pin hole, 60. connecting pin hole, 61. claw seat, 62 connecting seat, 63. claw foot center hole, 64. pinion shaft seat center hole, 65. claw seat center hole, 66. progress Wheel threaded hole, 69. Claw seat card slot, 71. Main control switch limit Cao, 72. Reset spring, 74. Spring stop, 75. Switch frame threaded hole, 76. Roulette center hole, 79. Shifting area (triangle The index of the area where the magnet is located), 80. The division area, 81.
  • the division is divided into the indicated lines, 82.
  • the center of the triangular magnet indicates the extension line, 83.
  • the center of the main control switch indicates the extension line, 89.
  • the movement of the shifting claw Directional arrow, 90. Direction of movement of the small gear set moving direction, 91.
  • the angle between the claw rod and the power transmission shaft varies according to the arrow, 94.
  • Toothed belt drive belt
  • pinion gear
  • 96 Follower on the right side of the driven wheel
  • follower wheel left relay 98. Drive wheel right relay, 99. Drive wheel left relay, 100. Ring gear outer contour, 101.
  • Dotted triangle (force triangle), 105. Displacement gear rotation direction arrow, 106. Pinion shaft extension line, 107. Power transmission shaft shaft extension line, 108. Right turn arrow, 109. Electromagnetic pressure plate, 110. Electromagnetic pressure plate, 111. Moving direction arrow of the progressive wheel on the variable speed spindle, 112. Moving direction arrow of the progressive wheel on the shifting auxiliary shaft, 113. Axial extension line of the shifting spindle, 114. Left turn arrow, 115. Axial extension line of the shifting auxiliary shaft. Connected to the power transmission shaft 2 is a drive wheel, and the power transmission shaft 3 is connected to a driven wheel.
  • the casing 1 is connected via a rolling bearing 53 with a drive wheel, a driven wheel, a shifting spindle 4, a shifting subshaft 5, a main control spindle 28, a main control countershaft 29 and a reverse gear shaft 41; a resistor 6
  • the electromagnetic pressure plate 38, the electromagnetic pressure plate 49, the electromagnetic pressure plate 109, the electromagnetic pressure plate 110, the switch frame chute 35, the tensioning wheel 32, the relay 96, the relay 97, the relay 98, and the relay 99 are fixedly mounted on the outer casing 1;
  • the drive belt is mounted on the drive gear (ring gear) of the drive wheel and the driven wheel. And meshing with the transmission gear (the ring gear) of the drive wheel and the driven wheel.
  • the drive wheel is the power input of the transmission
  • the driven wheel is the power output of the transmission.
  • the driving wheel and the driven wheel are two identical combined wheels
  • the power transmitting shaft 2 is a driving wheel
  • the power transmitting shaft 3 is a driven wheel.
  • the combination wheel has a wheel body, five sets of pinion sets, two shifting pawls 12 and a shifting rack 19.
  • the wheel body is composed of two wheel discs 8 with a central hole 76 of the wheel disc, and an interference connection is formed in the middle of the power transmission shaft; the two wheel discs 8 are provided with an annular array centered on the axis of the wheel disc, and the annular array
  • the five shifting holes 16 extend through both sides of the disc 8; the shifting holes 16 on the two discs 8 are aligned, and the two shifting holes 16 that are aligned with the two discs 8 are a set of shifting holes.
  • the pinion gear group is connected to the toothed sprocket 10 by the pinion shaft 11 in the middle, and the pinion shaft 11 is respectively equipped with a pinion shaft seat 58, a displacement gear 18, a claw foot 15, and a claw foot lock piece 17, respectively. among them.
  • the shifting claw 12 is connected to the connecting seat 62 of the claw base 61 via the claw rods 14 respectively.
  • the claw base 61 is connected with two shifting claw thrust bearings 45, a rolling bearing 53 and a shifting claw locking piece 44.
  • one wheel body is connected with a set of pinion gears in each set of shifting holes, and one shifting claw 12 is respectively disposed at two ends of the power transmission shaft of the wheel body, and the five claw rods 46 of the shifting claws 12 of each end are passed through the claw rods.
  • the pins 14 are respectively connected to the claw legs 15 at the corresponding ends of the pinion gear set, and the displacement racks 19 are fixed to the wheel plates and meshed with the index gears 18 in the pinion gear set.
  • the shifting pawl 12 of the drive wheel is coupled to the progressive wheel 20 on the shifting spindle 4 via the progressive push rod 13
  • the shifting pawl 12 of the driven wheel is coupled to the progressive wheel 20 on the shifting countershaft 5 via the progressive pusher 13.
  • Both ends of the power transmission shaft 2 are respectively connected to the shifting power gear 39 by interference
  • the shifting power gear 39 at the left end is connected to the left shifting shaft gear 22 of the shifting spindle 4 via the reverse gear 40
  • the shifting power gear 39 at the right end is connected to the shifting spindle 4
  • the right shifting shaft gear 22 has an meshing connection between the gears.
  • Both ends of the power transmission shaft 3 are respectively connected to the shifting power gear 39 by interference, and the shifting power gear 39 at the left end is connected to the left shifting shaft gear 22 of the shifting subshaft 5 via the reverse gear 40, and the shifting power gear 39 at the right end is connected to the shifting countershaft.
  • the right shift pin gear 22 of the 5 is a meshing connection between the gears.
  • the right end of the power transmission shaft 2 and the power transmission shaft 3 are embedded with a triangular magnet 43.
  • the contact portion of the triangular magnet 43 and the power transmission shaft can be magnetically shielded by a magnetic shielding material.
  • the two ends of the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 are respectively screwed with the progressive wheel 20; the clutch seat 21 is connected by interference; the friction plate 36 is movably connected, the shifting shaft gear 22, the platen thrust bearing 37, the friction plate 36.
  • the shifting shaft gear 22 and the platen thrust bearing 37 are rotatably and axially slidable on the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5.
  • a resistor 6 is connected to the left end of the shift main shaft 4 and the shift sub shaft 5, respectively.
  • Both ends of the shifting spindle 4 pass through the central holes of the electromagnetic pressure plate 38 and the electromagnetic pressure plate 49 respectively; the two ends of the shifting auxiliary shaft 5 pass through the electromagnetic pressure plate 109 and the central hole of the electromagnetic pressure plate 110 respectively; the electromagnetic pressure plate 38
  • the top tub 31 of each of the electromagnetic pressure plate 49, the magnetic pressure plate 109, and the electromagnetic pressure plate 110 is in contact with the platen thrust bearing 37.
  • the shifting main shaft 4 and the shifting counter shaft 5 and the electromagnetic pressure plate (the electromagnetic pressure plate 38, the electromagnetic pressure plate 49, the electromagnetic pressure plate 109, and the electromagnetic pressure plate 110) are not in contact with each other.
  • the progressive wheel 20 on the right end of the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 has a progressive wheel lever 47 to which the progressive pusher 13 to which the two progressive wheels 20 are attached has progressive pusher bars 48.
  • An annunciator 7 is mounted on the progressive pusher bar 48 of the progressive pusher 13 coupled to the shifting pawl 12 on the drive wheel.
  • An annunciator 42 is mounted on the progressive pusher bar 48 of the progressive pusher 13 coupled to the shifting pawl 12 on the driven wheel.
  • the annunciators 7 and 42 in this embodiment are both reed switches.
  • a main control gear 30 is connected to each of the main control main shaft 28 and the main control sub-shaft 29, and the two main control gears 30 are meshed with each other.
  • the toothed chain 9 is connected to the ring gear on the drive and driven wheels, and the toothed chain 9 is located on the outer edge of the ring gear.
  • the ring gear is five toothed sprocket 10 on the 1st axis 23, 2 axis 24, 3 axis 25, 4 axis 26 and 5 axis 27 of the wheel, which is centered on the axis of the wheel and is not in the annular array. Continuous ring gear.
  • a switch frame 33 is connected to the main control spindle 28, and one main control switch has a limit switch Cao 71 at each end of the switch frame 33, and the two main control switch limits Cao 71 are not connected; the left main control switch limit is connected in the Cao 71
  • the main control switch 34, the right main control switch limit is connected to the main control switch 50 in the Cao 71, the main control switch 34, the main control switch limit end of the main control switch 50 has a return spring 72, and the outer end of the return spring 72
  • a spring stop 74 limits the return spring 72 from sliding outward (sliding out).
  • a switch frame 33 is connected to the main control sub-shaft 29, and one main control switch has a limit switch Cao 71 at each end of the switch frame 33, and two main control switch limits Cao 71 are not connected; the left main control switch is limited to Cao 71.
  • the main control switch 51 is connected, and the main control switch limit is connected to the main control switch 52.
  • the main control switch 51 and the main control switch limit end of the main control switch 52 have a return spring 72, and the return spring 72 is external.
  • the end has a spring stop 74 that limits the return spring 72 from sliding outward (sliding out).
  • the switch frame 33 is connected to the switch frame chute 35.
  • the progressive wheel lever 47 to which the shift spindle 4 is coupled is located intermediate the two master switches 34 on the switch frame 33 to which the master spindle 28 is coupled.
  • the progressive wheel lever 47 to which the shifting sub-shaft 5 is connected is located between the two main control switches 34 on the switch frame 33 to which the main control sub-shaft 29 is connected.
  • the wheel of the tensioning wheel is pressed against the toothed chain 9.
  • the electrical circuit of the driving wheel is such that one end of the reed switch 7 is connected to the power supply.
  • the other end is connected to the input terminals of the main control switch 34 and the main control switch 50; one end of the control system (coil) of the relay 99 is connected to the output end of the main control switch 34, and the other end is connected to the negative pole of the power supply; the controlled system of the relay 99 ( One end of the contact group is connected to the electromagnetic pressure plate 38 on the left side, the other end is connected to the positive pole of the power source, and the other end of the electromagnetic pressure plate 38 is connected to the negative pole of the power source; one end of the control system (coil) of the relay 98 is connected to the output end of the main control switch 50, The other end is connected to the negative pole of the power supply; one end of the controlled system (contact group) of the relay 98 is connected to the right electromagnetic pressure plate 49, the other end is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the other end of the electromagnetic pressure plate 49 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply.
  • the electrical circuit of the driven wheel is such that one end of the reed switch 42 is connected to the positive pole of the power source, and the other end is connected to the input end of the main control switch 51 and the main control switch 52; one end of the control system (coil) of the relay 97 is connected to the output of the main control switch 51.
  • the other end is connected to the negative pole of the power supply; one end of the controlled system (contact group) of the relay 97 is connected to the left electromagnetic pressure plate 109, the other end is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the other end of the electromagnetic pressure plate 109 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply; the control of the relay 96
  • One end of the system (coil) is connected to the output end of the main control switch 52, and the other end is connected to the negative pole of the power supply;
  • one end of the controlled system (contact group) of the relay 96 is connected to the electromagnetic pressure plate 110 on the right side, and the other end is connected to the negative pole of the power supply, electromagnetic pressure
  • the other end of the disk 110 is connected to the negative pole of the power source.
  • the power transmission shaft is a shaft that is slightly thicker at the connecting wheel; the wheel 8 has a central hole 76, and five arrays of the center hole 76 as a center point, the disk that penetrates the shifting hole 16 on both sides of the wheel; the shifting hole 16 It is a rectangle whose height direction is the radial direction of the wheel 8; the power transmission shaft and the wheel 8 are in an interference connection, and the power transmission shaft and the claw 61 of the shifting claw 12 are alively connected, and the shifting claw 12 can be on the power transmission shaft.
  • the axial sliding action is performed; the wheel 8 and the pinion shaft base 58 are alively connected, and the pinion shaft base 58 can perform a sliding motion in the shifting hole 16 of the wheel 8, which is the radial direction of the wheel (8)
  • the pinion shaft 11 and the toothed sprocket 10 are in an interference connection; the pinion gear 2 shaft 24, the 3 shaft 25, the 4 shaft 26, the 5 shaft 27 and the pinion shaft base 58 are alively connected, and the pinion gear set 1 shaft 23
  • the pinion shaft base 58 is deadly connected; the 1 axis 23, the 2 axis 24, the 3 axis 25, the 4 axis 26 and the 5 axis 27 are all pinion shafts 11; the pinion shaft 11 is interference-connected with the displacement gear 18;
  • the position rack 19 is deadly linked with the wheel 8 , the displacement rack 19 is meshed with the displacement gear 18; the pinion shaft 11 is alively connected with the claw foot 15 , and the claw foot 15 is rotatable on the pinion shaft 11; foot 15
  • the switch frame chute 35 is in dead connection with the outer casing 1.
  • the switch frame chute 35 is in a live connection with the switch frame 33.
  • the main control switch 34, the main control switch 50, the main control switch 51, the main control switch 52 and the corresponding return spring 72 are in a live connection with the main control switch limit.
  • the main control spindle 28 and the main control sub-shaft 29 are screwed to the switch frame 33; the main control spindle 28 and the main control sub-shaft 29 are screws, and the switch frame 33 is a nut.
  • the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 are screwed to the progressive wheel 20; the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 are screws, and the progressive wheel 20 is a nut.
  • the drive belt 9 is in meshing engagement with the ring gears on the drive and driven wheels.
  • the maximum circumference of the displacement gear 18 on the 2 and 24 shafts 27 and the maximum circumference of the toothed sprocket 10 on the shaft is 1 to 1.1755.
  • the displacement gear 18 on the 3 and 25 axes 26 The maximum circumference is half of the maximum circumference of the displacement gear 18 on the 2-axis 24 or 5-axis 27.
  • the pinion shaft bases 58 are all buried in the shifting holes 16, and the thickness of the five toothed sprocket wheels 10 is preferably equal; the shifting holes 16 of the two rotating disks 8 are aligned, and the opposite faces of the two rotating disks 8 are There are intervals, five toothed sprocket wheels 10 are located in the space, the width of the space is slightly larger than the height of the toothed sprocket 10, and there is a gap between the five toothed sprocket 10 and the two wheel disks 8.
  • the five pinion shafts 11 on the wheel 8 are sequentially arranged in the clockwise direction as 1 axis 23, 2 axis 24, 3 axis 25, 4 axis 26 and 5 axis 27; wherein 1 axis 23 and the axis
  • the pinion shaft seats 58 are locked and non-rotatable, and the two shafts 24, 3 shafts 25, 4 shafts 26 and 5 shafts 27 are rotatable between the pinion shaft seats 58 on their shafts.
  • the claw foot 15 and the claw rod pin 14 are locked by the locking piece for the interference connection, and the claw rod pin 14 is prevented from sliding out of the claw foot 15.
  • the wheel 8 and the power transmission shaft 2, the wheel 8 and the power transmission shaft 3 are divided into five indexing zones 80 by the divisional dividing line 81, and the indexing zone 80 between the three axes 25 to 4 of the shafts 26 is a shifting speed. District 79.
  • the wheel 8 is connected to the power transmission shaft 2 and the power transmission shaft 3, so that the shifting portion 79 of the wheel 8 is equal to the power transmission shaft 2 and the shifting portion 79 of the power transmission shaft 3.
  • the triangular magnet 43 is located within the shifting zone 79.
  • the reed pipe 7 and the triangular magnet 43 are within an effective distance.
  • Relay 96, relay 97, relay 98, and relay 99 are normally open relays.
  • the main control switch 34, the main control switch 50, the main control switch 51, and the main control switch 52 are normally open type switches, and the main control switch circuit after being designed to close the pressure is closed, and the main control switch force acting surface corresponds to the alignment progress wheel. Dial 47. Since both the drive wheel and the driven wheel are combined wheels, the description of the drive wheel (which can be more accurately illustrated in the drawings) can also be understood as a description of the combination wheel or a description of the driven wheel.
  • Connected to the power transmission shaft 2 is a drive wheel, and the power transmission shaft 3 is connected to the driven wheel; the power transmission shaft 2 is a power input shaft, and the power transmission shaft 3 is a power output shaft.
  • the outer casing 1 can be arranged to facilitate the separation of the mounting components.
  • the power transmission shaft refers to the power transmission shaft 2 and the power transmission shaft 3.
  • the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting subshaft 5 are screws
  • the progressive wheel 20 is a nut
  • the main control spindle 28 and the main control countershaft 29 are screws
  • the switch frame 33 is a nut.
  • the live connection means that there is a minimum gap required to maintain the movable (sliding, moving and rotating) between the two in addition to setting the movable direction.
  • the threaded connection means that the screw and the nut are cooperatively connected.
  • the radius and circumference of the ring gear are the radius and circumference of the outer edge contour 100 of the ring gear.
  • the ring gear is a transmission gear of a driving wheel and a driven wheel, and the transmission gear is the ring gear.
  • the pinion 10 In the practice of changing the proportion of the ring gear diameter to be small, the pinion 10 only uses a part, so only a part of the pinion (sector gear) is also the pinion of the present invention.
  • the pinion 10 is integrally designed with the pinion shaft, and the pinion 10 and the pinion shaft 11 are also the pinion 10 and the pinion shaft 11 of the present invention.
  • the adjustment method is to rotate the wheel 8 to make the toothed sprocket 10 contact the toothed chain 9 and accurately engage the lock.
  • the dead-end rack 19 (the locked-to-clip rack 19 refers to fixing the position rack 19 to the wheel disc by screws, and the threaded rod in the bit rack 19 is slightly larger than the screw for easy adjustment Position rack 19 position).
  • the technical feature of supporting the variable circumference of the ring gear in the combination wheel is that the combination wheel is provided with a non-continuous ring gear with the pinion 10 as the wheel body and the gear teeth and can change the circumference; the ring gear is surrounded by the wheel A disk hub, a plurality of pinion gears 10 arranged in a star shape are formed; these pinion gears 10 are coupled to the wheel 8 via a pinion shaft 11 and positioned.
  • the technical feature is mainly embodied in the embodiment: there are five shifting holes 16 running through the two sides of the wheel in the wheel 8 on the wheel body; the five toothed sprocket 10 respectively pass through the pinion shaft 11 and the pinion shaft
  • the seat 58, the shifting gear 18, the claw leg 15 and the pawl locking piece 17 are connected to form five sets of pinion gear sets; the five sets of pinion gears are assembled on the wheel disc 8 and are surrounded by the wheel disc 8 and the shifting pawl 12
  • the center of the wheel 8 is arranged in a star shape, and the pinion 10 of the five sets of pinion sets encloses a non-continuous ring gear; the five pinion shafts 11 are connected with their associated toothed sprocket 10 and pinion shaft seat 58.
  • a technical feature of controlling the change of the ring gear in the embodiment is that the shifting pawl 12 controls the position control (moving or positioning) of the pinion gear in the wheel 8 by axial movement or positioning.
  • the progressive wheel 20 controls (moves or positions) the axial position of the shifting pawl 12 by the progressive pusher 13.
  • the progressive wheel 20 is coupled to the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 in a threaded relationship.
  • the shifting spindle 4 obtains the shifting power from the power transmission shaft 2 via the clutchable connection mode; the shifting spindle 5 acquires the shifting power from the power transmission shaft 3 via the clutchable connection.
  • the shifting pawl 12 is coupled to the progressive pusher 13 and the progressive pusher 13 is coupled to the progressive wheel 20 as a center platform; the platform is responsible for converting the variable speed power into the moving pinion gear set and the centrifugal force of the pinion gear set.
  • the shifting claw 12 and the progressive push rod 13 are connected in a slidable connection, and the rotational shifting pawl 12 and the non-rotating progressive push rod 13 are slidably coupled to each other to transmit axial power.
  • the rotational torque of the shifting pawl 12 is detachably slidably coupled; and the shifting pawl 12 in rotation and the progressive pusher 13 not rotating can be mutually Smooth axial transmission and axial movement.
  • the shift pawl 12 controls the radial movement of the pinion shaft 11 on the wheel 8.
  • the shifting pawl 12 controls the radial movement of the pinion shaft 11 on the wheel 8 by an axial movement action.
  • the pinion 10 constituting the ring gear can be used to correct the technical characteristics of the tooth position in the ring gear changing diameter: the toothed position of the pinion gear 10 is corrected to obtain precise meshing with the belt 9; the tooth position is corrected by rotation; The torque is converted to the movement, and the pinion 10 is rotated to rotate the corresponding amplitude.
  • the technical feature of the transmission in the embodiment is mainly that the toothed sprocket 10 is connected with the index gear 18 via the pinion shaft 11, the displacement gear 18 is meshed with the displacement rack 19, and the displacement rack 19 is fixed at On the wheel 8 .
  • the toothed sprocket 10 rolls at the same amplitude as the circumference of the ring gear to cancel the misalignment, and the error of the tooth position is corrected.
  • the toothed sprocket 10 greets the rotation angle of the rolling range required by the toothed chain 9 and is changing with the displacement gear 18
  • the number of scrolls on the bit rack 19 is equal.
  • the indexing gear 18 is meshed with the indexing rack 19; the indexing gear 18 is rotated (rolled) by the action of the shifting rack 19 as the pinion shaft 11 performs a linear factor.
  • the rotation of the toothed sprocket 10 means that the toothed sprocket 10 rotates with the pinion shaft 11 connected to the (toothed sprocket 10) as an axis.
  • the ring gear is always meshed with the transmission belt and the power transmission with the power transmission shaft and the transmission belt
  • the ring gear is composed of a plurality of pinion gears that can be adjusted
  • the power transmission shaft is The common axis of all the pinion gears on the shaft, the pinion gear group rotates around the power transmission shaft to transmit power to each other.
  • the 1 shaft 23 and the pinion shaft base 58 are locked, so that the 1 shaft 23 cannot rotate (the pinion shaft base 58 is unable to rotate in the shift hole 16); the 2 shaft 24, the 3 axis 25, 4
  • the shafts 26 and 5 can be self-propelled, but under the action of the shifting pawl 12 and the engagement of the shifting gear 18 and the shifting rack 19, the power transmitted by the toothed chain 9 can only be toothed.
  • the sprocket 10 rotates around a common axis (power transmission shaft) without rotation.
  • the toothed sprocket 10 has teeth correspondingly associated with the toothed chain 9 to which it is attached, the toothed sprocket 10 being in meshing engagement with the toothed chain 9.
  • the technical feature of controlling the shifting operation at the shifting execution position is that a shifting portion 79 is provided, and the shifting position of the shifting portion 79 and the precise shifting system in which the shifting operation is performed in this region are detected.
  • the indexing zone 80 between the 3 axis 25 and the 4 axis 26 is set as the shifting zone 79, and the detecting shifting zone 79 is provided.
  • the shifting operation is performed when the shifting portion 79 is at the shifting execution position.
  • Accurate shifting operation at the shifting execution position enables the tension between the toothed sprocket 10 and the toothed chain 9 and the amount of meshing of the engaged teeth to be unchanged during shifting.
  • the shifting zone 79 is an area; the shifting execution position is an area within the angle at which the shifting zone 79 is turned to the "feasible condition" (the angle in which the combined wheel rotates 360 degrees).
  • the "feasible condition” is that when the pinion gears 10 on the three-axis and the four-axis are not adjacently connected by the toothed chain 9; or, in the shifting region 79, the pinion gears 10 on the three-axis and four-axis are not When connected by the toothed chain 9.
  • the "feasible condition" can also be understood as the case where the two pinions in the shifting zone 79 are not connected to the belt at the same time.
  • a delay shifting system is provided, and the shifting is performed after the shifting command; to store the shifting command power, and wait until the shifting execution position is executed.
  • the circuit is provided; the main control spindle 28 and the switch frame 33 on the main control sub-shaft 29 are provided with a main control switch limit 72, which can be in the main control switch limit 71
  • the sliding main control switch 34 has a storage and release function acting on the return spring 72; the main control mechanism receives the external shifting command and converts it into an opportunistic execution capability (storing an external shifting command, and performing the flight).
  • the shifting command refers to an external (human-controlled or computer-controlled) shifting intention loaded on the transmission, which is in conflict with the transmission in the non-shifting execution position (cannot be synchronized).
  • the elastic force of the return spring 72 is greater than the internal spring force of the main control switch 34, the main control switch 50, the main control switch 51, and the main control switch 52.
  • a technical feature of preventing an erroneous shifting operation at a non-shifting position is that a resistance device is provided.
  • the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 are provided with a resistor 6 which prevents the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting subshaft 5 from rotating during the non-shifting; the shifting execution is executed during the shifting In position, the resistance 6 absorbs the rotational inertia of the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5, and prevents the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 from continuing to rotate; the brake in the resistor 6 always maintains an effective resistance to drag.
  • the disk 8 is connected to the power transmission shaft 2, and the two are fixed for the interference connection; the wheel 8 is connected to the pinion gear set, and the pinion gear group is radially slidable in the wheel 8 ( Sliding along the shifting hole 16 in the wheel; the pinion gear is coupled to the shifting pawl 12 (between the pawl 15 and the pawl lever 46 for fan-shaped engagement); the shifting pawl 12 is coupled to the power transmission shaft 2 (shifting)
  • the claw 12 is sleeved on the power transmission shaft 2, and the shifting pawl 12 is axially slidable on the power transmission shaft 2, and the claw rod 46 and the claw base 61 can be fanned.
  • Power transmission shaft 2 can also be understood as power transmission shaft 3
  • the triangular magnet 43 for controlling the reed switch 7 is mounted on both the power transmission shaft 2 and the power transmission shaft 3.
  • the triangular magnet 43 can close the reed switch 7 in the corresponding degree ratio (degree of the region) according to the rotation ratio of the two ring gears, and the cooperation of the circuit electric appliance is added, and the degree is converted into the progress progress of the progressive wheel 20. , reflected in the change of the circumference of the ring gear.
  • the reed switch 7 is located at the triangular magnet 43 due to the difference in position of the shifting pawl 12, the progressive wheel 20, and the shaft (power transmission shaft) of the progressive pusher 13 associated with the (drive wheel and the driven wheel).
  • the position of the shaft (power transmission shaft) is different; the distance of the axial position is different, and the distance of the reed switch 7 through the triangular magnet 43 is different; the larger the distance, the larger the reed switch 7 in the closed state is subjected to the shifting position angle, and vice versa.
  • the magnitude of the angle is equal to the magnitude of the shifting amplitude in one revolution of the combined wheel.
  • the pinion shafts in different positions meet the technical characteristics of different displacement teeth: the displacement gears with different circumferences (also understood as diameters) are arranged in the combination wheel, so that the small gear set is on the wheel With the same movement amplitude, the pinion can obtain a different number of displacement teeth.
  • the circumference of the displacement gear 18 connected to the 3 shaft 25 and the 4 shaft 26 is half the circumference of the displacement gear 18 connected to the 2 shaft 24 and the 5 shaft 27.
  • the master spindle 28 turns left to the upshift command and turns to the right to the downshift command.
  • the upshift refers to increasing the circumference of the drive ring gear and shortening the circumference of the driven wheel ring.
  • the downshifting refers to shortening the circumference of the drive wheel ring and increasing the circumference of the driven wheel ring.
  • the ring gear is a transmission (transmission gear) of the power of the drive wheel and the driven wheel (power transmitted by the transmission and variable torque).
  • the power transmission shaft, the shifting spindle, the shifting auxiliary shaft, the main control spindle and the main control countershaft cannot be moved axially on the outer casing, which is easy to implement and will not be described in detail.
  • the driving wheel rotates by receiving the external rotating power input through the power transmission shaft 2, and the driving wheel transmits power to the toothed chain 9 via the ring gear thereof, and the toothed chain 9 transmits power to the ring gear of the driven wheel to rotate the receiving wheel to receive power.
  • the driven wheel outputs rotational power via the power transmission shaft 3.
  • the power transmission shaft 2 is driven by the shifting power gear 39 and the reverse gear 40 to always drive the left shifting shaft gear 22 to rotate in the same direction as its (power transmission shaft 2); the power transmission shaft 2 is driven by the shifting power gear 39 to always drive the right shifting shaft gear 22 Rotate in the opposite direction to its (power transmission shaft 2).
  • the power transmission shaft 3 is driven by the shifting power gear 39 and the reverse gear 40 to always drive the left shifting shaft gear 22 to rotate in the same direction as the (power transmitting shaft 3); the power transmitting shaft 3 is driven by the shifting power gear 39 to always drive the right shifting shaft gear 22 Rotate in the opposite direction to its (power transmission shaft 3).
  • the main control sub-shaft 29 pushes the switch frame 33 connected thereto to the right side, and drives the main control switch 51 to press the progress wheel lever 47 to close the power supply; at the same time, the return spring 72 is compressed to temporarily store the main control sub-shaft 29.
  • Variable speed power When the combination wheel (drive wheel or driven wheel) is turned to the shifting execution position, the triangular magnet 43 on the combination wheel will meet the reed switch 7 or the reed switch 42 and the reed switch will be encountered (the drive wheel is dry) The reed pipe 7, the driven wheel is a reed switch 42) is closed and energized.
  • the main control switch 50 is powered by the closed energized reed switch 7 connected thereto, and the corresponding relay 98 is energized; the main control switch 51 is powered by the closed energized reed switch 42 connected thereto, so that the corresponding The relay 97 is energized to work.
  • the energized relay 98 closes the contacts, causes the corresponding electromagnetic pressure plate 49 to be powered on and operates; the energized relay 97 closes the contacts, causing the corresponding electromagnetic pressure plate 109 to be powered and operating.
  • the electromagnetic pressure plate 109 or the electromagnetic pressure plate 49 is powered on, and the shifting shaft gear 22 of the same group (near, nearest, same group) is pushed into contact with the friction plate 36 and the clutch seat 21; and the shifting gear 22 drives the same group.
  • the friction plates 36 rotate together with the clutch seat 21.
  • the rotation of the clutch seat 21 to which the shifting spindle 4 is coupled rotates the shifting spindle 4 together;
  • the rotation of the clutch seat 21 to which the shifting countershaft 5 is coupled rotates the shifting countershaft 5 together.
  • the rotation of the shifting spindle 4 will push the two progressive wheels 20 threadedly connected thereto (the shifting spindle 4) by the action of the threads to make an action of moving in the middle direction of the shaft; the progress of the two progressive wheels 20 through the connection thereto
  • the push rod 13 pushes the two claw seats 61 on the drive wheel to move toward the wheel 8 in the closing direction.
  • the rotation of the shifting countershaft 5 will push the two progressive wheels 20 that are threadedly connected thereto (the shifting countershaft 5) by the action of the threads, each The action of moving toward the end of the shaft end is made; the two progressive wheels 20 push the two claw seats 61 on the driven wheel to move away from the wheel 8 through the progressive pusher 13 connected thereto. All of the progressive push rods 13 are driven by the pawl thrust bearing 45 connected to the (progressive push rod 13) to transmit axial force to and from the rotating claw seat 61.
  • the two claw seats 61 on the drive wheel respectively push the claw legs 15 connected to the claw rods 46 and the pinion shafts 11 connected to the claw feet 15 through the five claw rods 46; and the small connection of the pinion shafts 11 a gear shaft seat 58, a shifting gear 18, a toothed sprocket 10, and a pawl locking piece 17; along the shifting hole 16 there is, a movement from the axial center to the outer edge of the wheel 8 causes the ring gear to The perimeter is made larger to the corresponding length.
  • the displacement gear 18 is operated by the displacement rack 19 meshed with it; the power that moves the displacement gear 18 along the shifting hole 16 is converted into rotational power, and is driven in the same group as the displacement gear 18 (pinion gear)
  • the pinion shaft 11 and the toothed sprocket 10 of the group rotate with corresponding amplitudes; the toothed sprocket 10 corrects the tooth misalignment with the toothed chain 9 with the rotation, and the circumference of the ring gear and the toothed chain 9 The length is poor.
  • the two claw seats 61 on the driven wheel respectively push the claw legs 15 connected to the claw rods 46 and the pinion shafts 11 connected to the claw feet 15 through the five claw rods 46; and the small connection of the pinion shafts 11 a gear shaft seat 58, a shift gear 18, a toothed sprocket 10, and a pawl lock piece 17; along the shifting hole 16 there is, a movement from the outer edge of the wheel 8 to the axial direction is made to make the ring gear The perimeter is reduced to the corresponding length.
  • the displacement gear 18 is operated by the displacement rack 19 meshed with it; the power that moves the displacement gear 18 along the shifting hole 16 is converted into rotational power, and is driven in the same group as the displacement gear 18 (small
  • the pinion shaft 11 and the toothed sprocket 10 of the gear set rotate with corresponding amplitudes; the toothed sprocket 10 corrects the tooth misalignment with the toothed chain 9 with the rotation, and the ring gear circumference and the toothed chain 9 The length is poor.
  • the triangular magnet 43 on the power transmission shaft 2 will approach the corresponding reed switch 7 and make it (the reed The tube 7) is closed, and the triangular magnet 43 on the power transmission shaft 3 will approach the corresponding reed switch 42 and close it (reed switch 42), thereby repeating the series of shifting actions until the progressive wheeling
  • the lever 47 no longer closes the main control switch 50 and the main control switch 51.
  • the reed switch 7 and the reed switch 42 open circuit will stop the corresponding electromagnetic pressure plate 49 and the electromagnetic pressure plate 109 (return to the initial state), and the shift shaft gear 22 and the friction plate 36 and the clutch seat 21 are separated. At this time, the upshifting operation is terminated and the normal transmission state is restored.
  • the main control switch 50 and the main control switch 51 perform the rapid and large-scale operation of the main control main shaft 28 through the return spring 72; and then perform the orderly implementation with the number of rotations of the driving wheel and the driven wheel. And complete the entire shifting action.
  • the main control sub-shaft 29 pushes the switch frame 33 connected thereto to move to the left, and drives the main control switch 52 to press the progressive wheel lever 47 to close the energization; at the same time, the return spring 72 is compressed to temporarily store the main control sub-shaft 29.
  • Variable speed power When the combination wheel (drive wheel or driven wheel) is turned to the shifting execution position, the triangular magnet 43 on the combination wheel will meet the reed switch 7 or the reed switch 42 and the reed switch will be encountered (the drive wheel is dry) The reed pipe 7, the driven wheel is a reed switch 42) is closed and energized.
  • the main control switch 34 is powered by the closed energized reed switch 7 connected thereto, and the corresponding relay 99 is energized; the main control switch 52 is powered by the closed energized reed switch 42 connected thereto, so that the corresponding The relay 96 is energized to operate.
  • the energized relay 99 closes the contacts, causes the corresponding electromagnetic pressure plate 38 to be powered and operates; the energized relay 96 closes the contacts, causing the corresponding electromagnetic pressure plate 110 to be powered and operating.
  • the electromagnetic pressure plate 110 or the electromagnetic pressure plate 38 is powered on, and the shifting shaft gear 22 of the same group (near, nearest, same group) is pushed into contact with the friction plate 36 and the clutch seat 21; and the shifting gear 22 drives the same group.
  • the friction plates 36 rotate together with the clutch seat 21.
  • the rotation of the clutch seat 21 to which the shifting spindle 4 is coupled rotates the shifting spindle 4 together;
  • the rotation of the clutch seat 21 to which the shifting countershaft 5 is coupled rotates the shifting countershaft 5 together.
  • the rotation of the shifting spindle 4 will push the two progressive wheels 20 threadedly connected thereto (the shifting countershaft 4) by the action of the threads, and each of them performs an action of moving toward the end of the shaft end; the two progressive wheels 20 pass The progressive pusher 13 connected thereto pushes the two claw seats 61 on the drive wheel to move away from the wheel 8.
  • the rotation of the shifting sub-shaft 5 will push the two threads (the shifting countershaft 5) to be screwed by the action of the thread.
  • the step wheel 20 performs an action of moving in the middle of the shaft; the two progressive wheels 20 push the two claw seats 61 on the driven wheel to move toward the wheel 8 in the direction in which they are moved by the progressive pusher 13 connected thereto.
  • the two claw seats 61 on the drive wheel respectively push the claw legs 15 connected to the claw rods 46 and the pinion shafts 11 connected to the claw feet 15 through the five claw rods 46; and the small connection of the pinion shafts 11 a gear shaft seat 58, a shift gear 18, a toothed sprocket 10, and a pawl lock piece 17; along the shifting hole 16 there is, a movement from the outer edge of the wheel 8 to the axial direction is made to make the ring gear The perimeter is reduced to the corresponding length.
  • the displacement gear 18 is operated by the displacement rack 19 meshed with it; the power that moves the displacement gear 18 along the shifting hole 16 is converted into rotational power, and is driven to be in the same group as the (displacement gear 18)
  • the pinion shaft 11 and the toothed sprocket 10 of the pinion gear set rotate with corresponding amplitudes; the toothed sprocket 10 corrects the tooth misalignment with the toothed chain 9 with the rotation, and the ring gear circumference and the toothed chain The length of 9 is poor.
  • the two claw seats 61 on the driven wheel respectively push the claw legs 15 connected to the claw rods 46 and the pinion shafts 11 connected to the claw feet 15 through the five claw rods 46; and the small connection of the pinion shafts 11 a gear shaft seat 58, a shifting gear 18, a toothed sprocket 10, and a pawl locking piece 17; along the shifting hole 16 there is, a movement from the axial center to the outer edge of the wheel 8 causes the ring gear to The perimeter is made larger to the corresponding length.
  • the displacement gear 18 is operated by the displacement rack 19 meshed with it; the power that moves the displacement gear 18 along the shifting hole 16 is converted into rotational power, and is driven to be in the same group as the (displacement gear 18)
  • the pinion shaft 11 and the toothed sprocket 10 of the pinion gear set rotate with corresponding amplitudes; the toothed sprocket 10 corrects the tooth misalignment with the toothed chain 9 with the rotation, and the ring gear circumference and the toothed chain The length of 9 is poor.
  • the triangular magnet 43 on the power transmission shaft 2 will approach the corresponding reed switch 7 and make it (the reed The tube 7) is closed, and the triangular magnet 43 on the power transmission shaft 3 will approach the corresponding reed switch 42 and close it (reed switch 42), thereby repeating the series of shifting actions until the progressive wheeling
  • the lever 47 no longer closes the main control switch 34 and the main control switch 52.
  • the reed switch 7 and the reed switch 42 open circuit will stop the electromagnetic pressure plate 38 and the electromagnetic pressure plate 110 (return to the initial state), and the shifting shaft gear 22 and the friction plate 36 and the clutch seat 21 are separated.
  • the upshifting action is terminated and returns to the normal transmission state.
  • the main control switch 34 and the main control switch 52 perform the rapid and large-scale operation of the main control main shaft 28 through the return spring 72; and then perform the orderly implementation with the number of rotations of the driving wheel and the driven wheel. And complete the entire shifting action.
  • the shifting shaft gear 22 pushed by the electromagnetic pressure plate means that the shifting shaft gear 22 is pushed by the top barrel 31 of the electromagnetic pressure plate after the electromagnetic pressure plate is operated.
  • the electromagnetic pressure plate is annular, the middle hole is for the shifting spindle 4 or the shifting auxiliary shaft 5, and the middle hole wall is not in contact with the shifting spindle 4 or the shifting countershaft 5.
  • the electromagnetic pressure plate is a general term for the electromagnetic pressure plate 38, the electromagnetic pressure plate 49, the electromagnetic pressure plate 109 and the electromagnetic pressure plate 110.
  • the rotational torque of the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 is greater than the resistance of the resistor 6, the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting pair The shaft 5 can be rotated.
  • the resistance device 6 can prevent the shifting of the shifting main shaft 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 by the non-shifting action; or the shifting execution is performed during the shifting. In position, the resistance 6 absorbs the rotational inertia of the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting subshaft 5, and prevents the shifting spindle 4 and the shifting countershaft 5 from continuing to rotate. The brakes in the resistance 6 always maintain an effective resistance to resistance.
  • the pinion gear 10 is a solid gear; the solid gear refers to a gear having solid and fixed teeth (tooth); the pinion 10 is also the toothed sprocket 10 in this embodiment.
  • the tooth position refers to the position of the teeth (tooth) of the pinion 10 in the ring gear; the pinion 10 rotates to make the position of the teeth of the pinion 10 in the ring gear, followed by (small The gear 10) rotates to produce a corresponding change.
  • the front and side views are for convenience only and are not absolute visual directions. In the described technical requirements, there may be deviations that are irreversible in the prior art, and such deviations have little or no effect on the purpose of the present invention.
  • the toothed sprocket 10 is meshed with the toothed chain 9.
  • the driving wheel and the driven wheel are always in the meshing transmission relationship between the common toothed sprocket 10 and the toothed chain 9; the driving wheel and the driving wheel Between the moving wheels, it can be driven at high transmission efficiency Large torque transmission. All components of the transmission can be easily balanced in operation during operation; the transmission can operate smoothly and efficiently (shifting and transmission) at high speeds.
  • the ring gear of the two can continuously adjust the arbitrary circumference ratio within the set range; the driving wheel and the driven wheel can be continuously adjusted and set. Any torque ratio within the range and the corresponding speed ratio.
  • the speed ratio and the torque ratio change between the driving wheel and the driven wheel are also equal to the above-mentioned upshifting and downshifting actions (the driving gear ring becomes larger and the driven gear ring smaller becomes smaller, which will cause the driving wheel to rotate at the original speed and Under the torque, the driven wheel speed becomes higher and the torque becomes smaller; the smaller the driving gear ring smaller and the larger the driven gear ring larger, the lower the driving wheel speed and the torque, the lower the driven wheel speed becomes.
  • the present invention achieves the intended purpose.
  • the transmission gear is a non-absolute circular wheel composed of a plurality of toothed sprocket 10, and there is a slight wave in the rotation.
  • an elastic connection can be added for elimination; as in the conventional friction clutch, the damping spring of the function is provided in the clutch piece.
  • the axial direction refers to the axial direction of the power transmission shaft and the axial direction of the shaft parallel to the power transmission shaft.
  • the slidable connection is also a sliding drive connection.
  • the electromagnetic platen advance angle may be set according to the rotational speed of the combined wheel, and the advance angle may be a positional shift of the annunciator (triangular magnet 43 or a reed switch), or may be The slow setting of the circuit is implemented.
  • a "key” may be provided to enhance the torsion resistance; between the power transmission shaft and the claw 61, "key” and “slot” may be provided to prevent the claw 61 from being The power transmission shaft rotates, but does not affect the axial sliding of the claw seat 61 on the power transmission shaft.
  • the pinion may be integral with the pinion shaft or the pinion may be indirectly coupled to the pinion shaft, the shaft portion of the pinion set also belonging to the pinion shaft of the present invention.

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Abstract

一种无级变速器，其包括驱动轮和从动轮，驱动轮和从动轮均经过多个小齿轮（10）组合成的"齿圈"与传动带（9）啮合连接；通过使小齿轮（10）的径向移动改变"齿圈"的直径，从而改变了驱动轮和从动轮之间的传动比，而无需中断动力的传递。

Description

一种变速器 所属技术领域
本发明涉及一种机械式传动，能在高转速中平顺运行(变速和传动)，并能高效率传递大扭矩动力的无极变速器(简称变速器)。所述的机械式传动是指：驱动轮与从动轮之间的动力，以零件接触连接进行传递。所述的高转速是指驱动轮和从动轮的转速在2000r/min以上，所述的平顺是指：运行中不会出现因部件重心明显偏离，而产生离心力使变速器发生震波。所述的效率是传动效率，所述的高效率为传动效率在85％(0.85)以上，所述的大扭矩动力是600牛米(N·M)以上的扭矩(转矩)。所述的无极变速器是，驱动轮和从动轮之间在动力不脱离的状态下，能使驱动轮和从动轮之间连续调出，设定范围内的任意扭矩比和对应的转速比的变速器。所述的驱动轮是动力输入端，从动轮是动力输出端。
背景技术
目前公知最为成熟可靠以及最接近的这种变速器，是以传动钢带作为驱动轮和从动轮之间的传动带。该变速器主要由动力输入轴连接驱动轮经传动钢带连接从动轮，从动轮连接动力输出轴，外壳和控制系统组成。当动力输入轴接受外部动力而转动，驱动轮就随之转动并依靠摩擦力带动传动钢带，传动钢带依靠摩擦力带动从动轮，从动轮带动动力输出轴进行动力传递。该变速器是通过改变，驱动轮和从动轮与传动带的接触半径进行变速。该变速器能传递扭矩的大小，取决于传动件之间的摩擦力大小。而相同摩擦系数的材料，摩擦力大小取决于传动件之间的压力和接触面积，传动件之间的压力和接触面积越大摩擦力越大，反之则越小。而传动件之间的压力和接触面积直接影响传动效率，即：传动件之间的压力和接触面积越大传动效率越低，反之则越高；并且该压力需要消耗动力(压力越大消耗的动力越大)。可见目前该种变速器，传动效率的高低与传动扭矩的大小是背道而驰(成反比)的；在高的传动效率下，传动扭矩只能是弱小的。靠摩擦来传递动力的这种变速器，目前主要困难在于传动带。目前依然没有办法制造出，可以在高传动效率下进行大扭矩传动的传动带，是有目共睹的事实。所述的驱动轮是指连接在动力输入轴上的动力输入轮，所述的从动轮是指连接在动力输出轴上的动力输出轮。从以上所述可见，现有这种以摩擦来传递动力的变速器，无法实现高传动效率下进行大扭矩传动的不足。
发明内容
为了克服现有这种变速器，无法实现高传动效率下进行大扭矩传动的不足。本发明提供一种机械式传动的无极变速器，该变速器能在高转速中平顺运行(变速和传动)，并能高效率传递大扭矩动力；以及驱动轮和从动轮之间，在动力不脱离状态下能连续调出，设定范围内的任意扭矩比和对应的转速比。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：该变速器由外壳、轴承、驱动轮、可啮合传动带(简称传动带)、从动轮、变速控制组、张紧轮组成；驱动轮和从动轮中分别设置有动力传输轴，驱动轮和从动轮都以动力传输轴为轴心；驱动轮和从动轮中设置有可变直径的可啮合传动齿圈(简称齿圈)，齿圈由多个可啮合轮(简称小齿轮)以轴心线平行的朝向，以公转轴心(动力传输轴的轴心)为中心点，环形阵列所拼组形成；齿圈和传动带上设置有支持两者，实现相互啮合传递动力的特征的构造；驱动轮和从动轮之间，以传动带为传动媒介进行连接和动力传递，传动媒介与驱动轮和从动轮中的齿圈相互啮合连接；齿圈通过改变小齿轮与公转轴心的距离，实现周长的变化；以改变驱动轮齿圈与从动轮齿圈的周长比，来实现相互之间的转速比和扭矩比的变化；小齿轮绕着公转轴心转动来传递动力，小齿轮以自转来修正齿位和实现传动带适应齿圈的周长变化；在齿圈中设定有变速区；在变速执行位中，进行改变驱动轮与从动轮之间的转速比和扭矩比(变速)；以变速控制组接收变 速指令动力和根据指令执行变速，以及在无变速指令的状态下锁定转速比；以信号器来侦测变速区位置和根据齿圈的转速比设定变速幅度；变速控制组中设置有以储存变速指令动力，进行延时变速系统。所述的齿圈周长是，以连续的线围绕齿圈外围一圈并闭合的长度。所述的传动带是指传动链，以及可以与齿轮(有齿的轮子)进行啮合的其他类型传动带，其中传动链包括齿形链条或滚子链条等传动链条。所述的传动带为闭合式。所述的小齿轮是指链轮，以及可以与链条或带齿皮带进行啮合的其他类型齿轮。所述的信号器是指接近开关、光敏开关，霍尔开关和经过式电流产生器(磁铁经过线圈产生电流的装置)等电子元件。传动带与小齿轮为对应相匹配的(传动带为齿形链的小齿轮为对应的齿形链轮；传动带为齿形带的小齿轮为对应齿形带轮；传动带为滚子链的小齿轮为对应的滚子链轮)，以下对传动带与小齿轮的匹配将不再做特别指明。根据不同负载要求，该变速器中可以采用，不同材质、齿形和结构的小齿轮和传动带。在扭矩小的变速器中，可以采用齿形带轮和齿形带。在变速器中，驱动轮和从动轮经轴承安装在外壳上，驱动轮经传动带与从动轮连接(三者间相互啮合连接)，变速控制组安装在外壳上并与驱动轮和从动轮连接，变速控制组连接有电源。该变速器以驱动轮接收外部的动力，经传动带将动力同步传递给从动轮，由从动轮进行该动力的输出。组合轮中有轮盘、动力传输轴、变位齿轮、变位齿条、小齿轮、小齿轮轴、小齿轮轴座、变速爪、爪脚、爪脚锁片、轴承，其中，轮盘过盈连接动力传输轴的组合为轮体；小齿轮轴中部过盈连接小齿轮，小齿轮轴的两端分别安装有小齿轮轴座、变位齿轮、爪脚和爪脚锁片的组合为小齿轮组；轮盘上有多个以其(该轮盘)轴心为中心点，环形阵列贯穿轮盘两面的长方形孔，该长方形孔(以下简称变速孔)。组合轮由轮体连接多组小齿轮组和多个变位齿条和变速爪组成，其中变速爪又以爪杆经爪杆销与小齿轮组上的爪脚连接；该组合轮由，一个轮体以每组变速孔中都连接一组小齿轮组，轮体的动力传输轴两端分别套一个变速爪，每端的变速爪的多个爪杆经爪杆销分别与小齿轮组对应端的爪脚连接，变位齿条固定在轮盘上并与小齿轮组中的变位齿轮啮合而成。由一根动力传输轴过盈连接2个轮盘组成轮体为佳。组合轮中，小齿轮安装在小齿轮轴上，小齿轮与小齿轮轴为固定连接；小齿轮轴经小齿轮轴座装配在轮体的变速孔中，小齿轮轴座与变速孔为活连接(也可设置一组小齿轮组的小齿轮轴座与变速孔为死连接)；变速爪套在动力传输轴上(变速爪与动力传输轴为活连接)，变速爪与爪脚连接(活连接)，爪脚与小齿轮轴连接(活连接)，爪脚锁片将爪脚限位在小齿轮轴上，变速爪与变速控制组连接；轮体的轴心(动力传输轴的轴心)为所有小齿轮的公转轴心，小齿轮为组合轮的齿圈；该齿圈为多个小齿轮环绕轮盘轴心，呈星型排列成的非连续(小齿轮与小齿轮互不接触)环形齿圈；围组成该齿圈的小齿轮，经小齿轮轴和小齿轮轴座连接在轮体上。齿圈中有可以被控制和移动方位的轮齿(小齿轮在轮盘上的转动，小齿轮轮齿在轮盘上的方位就发生移动)。组合轮中的齿圈，由多个小齿轮以轮盘轴心为中心点环形阵列而成；组合轮中的齿圈和轮盘为同心圆或为接近同心圆。所述的小齿轮包括非圆形齿轮。轮盘与动力传输轴为共轴心。
所述的齿圈也可理解为由多个小齿轮，经小齿轮轴、小齿轮轴座和轮体为基，组合成的组合体。所述的多个小齿轮是指齿轮数量为3个以上(含3个)，齿轮数量以变速器所能传递的扭矩大小来决定(变速器能传递的扭矩越大，小齿轮数量应当越多)。本文中以小型变速器(传递的扭矩能力为700N.M以下的变速器)为例，该变速器的小齿轮数量为5-10个比较适合。所述的动力传输轴是支撑并定位组合轮和传动的轴，也就是承受弯矩有承受扭矩的轴。
该变速器的运行过程和部件的动作，当驱动轮接收外部转动动力后转动时，会带动传动带将动力传递给从动轮，从动轮将该转动动力输出；当变速控制组接收变速信号动力时，就会产生变速动力推动变速爪移动，变速爪的移动会推动小齿轮组做轮盘的径向动作，小齿轮组的径向动作，会改变由该小齿轮组中的小齿轮组成的齿圈的周长，驱动轮和从动轮的齿圈周长发生变化，将直接使两者之间的扭矩比和转速比做出相应的变化；在改变齿圈周长时，该齿圈中小齿轮与小齿轮之间的传动带会过长或过短，此时，该齿圈中的小齿轮就以自转进 行修正，该过程中溢出或缺少的传动带由张紧轮进行吞吐；小齿轮组中小齿轮的自转动力和转动量，由变位齿轮在与其(该变位齿轮)啮合的变位齿条上的移动而获得；小齿轮之间的不同转比，是通过变位齿轮直径的不同而实现。所述的活连接是指相互之间留有一定间隙，相互之间可以滑动或转动，所述的固定连接是指相互之间为锁死状态(过盈结合)。所述的小齿轮自转，是指小齿轮以小齿轮轴为轴心的转动。
以下结合采用5个小齿轮组成一个齿圈的小型变速器，对所述的本发明的技术方案，进一步明确和深入说明。该变速器组合轮的部件为，该组合轮的轮盘为盘面中心有孔的圆盘，该轮盘以轮盘轴心为中心点环形阵列有5条变速孔，变速孔的纵向中心线与该轮盘的半径平行，该5条变速孔的两端分别与该轮盘的外圆和轴心孔不相通，留有为该轮盘半径的5％-10％的厚度，变速孔的宽度为小齿轮轴座的外缘宽度加活动间隙；小齿轮轴座形状为外方内圆，厚度小于等于轮盘的厚度，小齿轮的轴心处有中心孔；其中变速爪由爪座、爪杆、轴承、爪杆销组成，爪座为圆筒状钢套；爪座一端有以爪座轴心为中心点环形阵列的5个销座，爪座另一端有卡槽和凸起的挡环；爪杆为两端均有销孔的方钢条，所有爪杆的两端销孔轴心之间距相等；爪脚为管状并有两个耳的钢套，两个耳位于钢套两边，该爪脚中有一个贯穿两个耳的销孔。该变速器组合轮的构造为，5个小齿轮轴分别贯穿5个小齿轮的中心孔并为过盈连接；小齿轮轴和连接的小齿轮共轴心，小齿轮在小齿轮轴的中段位置，小齿轮轴有足够的所需长度；5个小齿轮轴两端分别套有小齿轮轴座，5个连接有小齿轮和小齿轮轴座的小齿轮轴，小齿轮轴套有小齿轮轴座的两端，分别插入两个轮盘的5个变速孔中；小齿轮轴座全部埋在变速孔中，5个小齿轮的厚度最好为相等；动力传输轴贯穿两个轮盘的中心孔并为过盈连接成一体，两个轮盘位于动力传输轴中部，动力传输轴和两个轮盘共轴心，两个轮盘的变速孔为对齐状态，两个轮盘面之间有间隔，5个小齿轮位于该间隔中，该间隔的宽度略大于小齿轮的厚度，5个小齿轮与两轮盘之间存有间隙；5个小齿轮轴在同一个垂直于动力传输轴的轴心线的平面上，以顺时针方向按顺序分别设为小齿轮轴1轴(简称1轴)小齿轮轴2轴(简称2轴)小齿轮轴3轴(简称3轴)小齿轮轴4轴(简称4轴)小齿轮轴5轴(简称5轴)；其中1轴与该轴上的小齿轮轴座之间为锁死不可转动状态，2轴、3轴、4轴、5轴与轴上相连的小齿轮轴座之间为可转动状态；5个小齿轮轴连带相连的小齿轮和小齿轮轴座，在两个轮盘的变速孔中可以做轮盘的径向往复动作；其中变位齿轮为有内孔的齿轮，该齿轮内孔过盈连接在小齿轮轴上，5个小齿轮轴的两端均有该变位齿轮；轮盘上的2轴和3轴和4轴和5轴两端边都固定有变位齿条，2轴和3轴和4轴和5轴两端上的变位齿轮，分别与边上的变位齿条想啮合；露出变位齿轮外的5个小齿轮轴两端套有爪脚，爪脚外卡有爪脚锁片；2轴和5轴上的变位齿轮最大周长，与该轴上的小齿轮的最大周长比为1比1.1755；3轴和4轴上的变位齿轮的最大周长是，2轴或5轴上的变位齿轮最大周长的一半；两个轮盘外的动力传输轴两端上分别套有爪座，爪座有销座的一端朝向轮盘，爪座能在动力传输轴上做该轴的轴向往复动作；爪座的5个销座上经销分别连接5个爪杆，5个爪杆分别经销连接在位于该端爪脚上，2个爪座都这样连接，一共有10个爪杆；爪座上有2个推力轴承和一个滚动轴承，滚动轴承在两个推力轴承之间；以爪座上凸起的挡环和卡槽中插卡环，实现大承载力的限位该轴承。该变速器组合轮的部件之间结构关系和作用为，动力传输轴的中间段略粗，两个轮盘过盈连接在动力传输轴的中间段上；两个轮盘和动力传输轴的作用是，接收和输出动力、承载和限位小齿轮组、与小齿轮组相互传递动力并结合变速爪进行定位小齿轮组；所有的小齿轮均能单独与传动带相匹配，小齿轮过盈连接在小齿轮轴上；小齿轮的作用是，组成组合轮的齿圈以及与传动带相互啮合并互传动力，能以移动位置来改变其(小齿轮)组成的齿圈的外周长，能以自转来修正与传动带之间，因其(小齿轮)移动所形成的错位；小齿轮轴的中间段略粗，以中段与小齿轮过盈连接，以两端分别与小齿轮轴座、变位齿轮、爪脚、爪脚锁片连接；小齿轮轴的作用是，与小齿轮的过盈连接后使小齿轮与其(小齿轮轴)共轴心，并且承载、限位、定位小齿轮；小齿轮轴座为正方形，正面中心有贯穿的轴孔，以轴孔与小 齿轮轴连接，位于轮盘的变速孔中；小齿轮轴在小齿轮轴座中可以转动(不包括锁死的轴)，小齿轮轴座在变速孔中可以滑动；小齿轮轴座的作用是增加小齿轮轴与轮盘之间的接触面积，以及可锁住需要锁死的轴而使该轴无法做自转动作；变位齿轮与小齿轮轴为过盈连接，并与变位齿条的齿啮合；变位齿轮的作用是按设定的转比，将直线的变速动力转化成转动动力，并同步的经小齿轮轴传递给小齿轮；变位齿条固定于轮盘上，其(变位齿条)位于变位齿轮滑动路线的靠向1轴这边，并与变位齿轮相互啮合；变位齿条的作用是将变位齿轮的直线滑动动作，转化成滚动移动的动作；变位齿轮和变位齿条为啮合连接，两者的作用是，在非变速的状态下锁死小齿轮轴(等于小齿轮组)，使小齿轮轴无法自转，在变速中使小齿轮轴在允许的自转以外无法自由自转，而实现传动带与轮盘之间的动力得以相互传递；齿圈和传动带之间有支持和实现，相互啮合相互传递动力的齿或链条滚子；爪脚为管状且外缘两侧有销座，销座上有直线贯穿两销座的销孔；爪脚套在小齿轮轴上并经销座上的销与爪杆连接，与爪杆能以销为轴心做扇形的张合动作，爪脚在小齿轮轴上可以转动；爪脚的作用是，连接小齿轮轴和爪杆并使三者在同一动力链上(可相互传递动力)，辅助变速爪改变动力方向，接收变速爪的动力，并以此动力推动与其(爪脚)连接的小齿轮轴与其(爪脚)一起做相应的动作，使小齿轮轴由变速爪定位；爪脚锁片，将爪脚限位于小齿轮轴上；变速爪由爪座、爪杆、轴承、销和卡组成；爪座为管柱状，在爪座的一端以管轴心为中心点，环形阵列有连接座，另一端有台阶和卡槽；爪座以连接座经销与爪杆连接，每个爪杆都能以销为轴心做扇形摆动动作；爪座外缘上有连接有轴承，该轴承以台阶和卡槽被限位在爪座上，爪座经该轴承连接到变速控制组，爪座套在动力传输轴上并能在该轴上做轴向滑动；推动爪座在动力传输轴上做轴向动作，爪座就会经爪杆带动爪脚、小齿轮轴、小齿轮轴座和小齿轮，做相应幅度的轮盘面径向的动作；变速爪的作用是连接小齿轮组和进步推杆，使这些部件处在同一个动力链上；变速爪的具体作用是，经轴承以不随动力传输轴转动的变速动力，推动随动力传输轴转动的爪脚(等于推动小齿轮组)做出相应幅度的轮盘面径向的动作，以及精准定位小齿轮组；变速爪的另一作用是承载小齿轮组的“离心力”和向心力，并将这些力转化成动力传输轴的轴向力，通过进步推杆转移到进步轮上。该变速器的变速控制组为，变速控制组由主控主轴、主控副轴、主控齿轮、开关架、主控开关限位槽、信号器、电磁压盘、压盘轴承、离合摩擦片(简称摩擦片)、离合座、继电器、进步轮、变速主轴、变速副轴、进步推杆，变速动力齿轮、倒向齿轮、倒向齿轮轴、变速轴齿轮、阻力器组成；变速主轴和变速副轴的两端均有螺纹，且两端的螺纹为相反；变速主轴和变速副轴上都连接有阻力器；开关架中有2个主控开关(2个主控开关可以采用接近开关或机械式开关)和主控开关复位弹簧(简称复位弹簧)，本文中以机械式开关为例；2个主控开关是常开型开关(触发前为断开状态)，2个主控开关面对装在开关架的滑槽中；2个主控开关面后面分别装有复位弹簧，复位弹簧也在开关架的滑槽中；2个主控开关在滑槽中可沿着滑槽滑动，2个主控开关之间设置有空隙；2个主控开关分别可以在外力作用下，克服复位弹簧的弹力而沿着滑槽向后滑动，当外力消失后，2个主控开关会被复位弹簧推回到原来的位置(2个主控开关以下可分别称为右主控开关和左主控开关)；主控开关限位槽为一个滑槽，主控开关限位槽以紧固件固定在外壳上；主控开关限位槽与开关架连接；主控开关限位槽限位开关架，并使开关架在该限位槽中可做沿槽滑动动作；进步推杆上有垂直于主体的支杆(有的进步推杆上无支杆)；本发明采用干簧管和触发磁铁的组合为信号器作为说明，触发磁铁为弧面等腰三角形，顶角至底边为直线状，顶角至底边的长度大于变速爪的可滑动距离；干簧管安装在进步推杆的枝杆上；驱动轮和从动轮的动力传输轴上，分别安装有一个触发磁铁，该2个触发磁铁的形状相同，触发磁铁的顶角朝向动力传输轴的轴端，触发磁铁的底边垂直于动力传输轴，所述的触发磁铁为等腰三角形磁铁只是为了便于描述，实际中触发磁铁形状可以根据需要改变；以驱动轮和从动轮的齿圈的大小比，设定干簧管经过触发磁铁的长度，干簧管经过触发磁铁的长度，决定一个变速执行位内齿圈的变量；电磁压盘为以电磁为动力，通电就会把顶桶顶出，断电就缩回顶桶的电器， 电磁压盘以下可分别称为左电磁压盘和右电磁压盘；离合座是套在变速主轴或变速副轴上的钢盘，离合座与变速主轴或变速副轴为过盈连接；进步轮为边缘有拨片和连接座的螺母(有的进步轮上无拨片)，进步轮的螺母螺纹与变速主轴或变速副轴的螺纹配合；变速控制组有2组相同的电路，每组电路为，干簧管的一端连接电源正极，一端连接2个主控开关输入端(右主控开关和左主控开关)，2个主控开关输出端分别连接2个继电器线圈的正极端，2个继电器线圈的负极端连接电源负极，2个继电器的输入触点连接电源正极，2个继电器输出触点分别连接对应的2个电磁压盘正极端(与右主控开关连接的继电器输出触点，连接右电磁压盘；与左主控开关连接的继电器输出触点，连接左电磁压盘)，2个电磁压盘负极端连接电源负极。所述三角形磁铁为干簧管的触发磁铁。小齿轮轴和爪杆在转动中形成的“离心力”，通过变速爪和进步推杆转移给进步轮，进步轮通过变速主轴和变速副轴的螺纹来承受该“离心力”；在螺纹的作用下，该离心力转换成变速主轴和变速副轴的转动因素是很小的，该转动因素动力由刹车进行锁止。所述的齿圈实际是为非连续(组成齿圈的各个小齿轮不直接相连)的，但在本发明中是作为一个整体进行说明的。小齿轮组与变速爪和动力传输轴和轮盘呈三角形关系连接，以及有将动作和动力改变方向作用的三角形力连接(闭合的三角形传“力”连接)。
该变速器的变速爪作用原理是，轮盘面与爪杆和动力传输轴呈三角形及三角形力连接关系，假设动力传输轴为该三角形的A边，轮盘面为该三角形的B边，爪杆为该三角形的C边；由于爪座在动力传输轴上可做该轴的轴向滑动动作，该滑动动作等于A边边长的变化；由于小齿轮轴座连带小齿轮小齿轮轴和爪脚，可在轮盘上的变速孔中做该轮盘的径向滑动，该径向滑动动作等于B边边长的变化；由于爪杆经销与爪脚和爪座连接是可做扇形开合动作的，该扇形开合动作等于所述三角形中的2个角的角度为可变的；轮盘与动力传输轴为过盈连接，其(轮盘与动力传输轴)相交的角为不可变角。该三角形有了上述的因素，当A边改变长度时，B边的长度就随之改变；B边的长度变化等于齿圈的半径长度变化，也可理解为爪脚、小齿轮轴、小齿轮轴座和小齿轮至动力传输轴的距离变化。所述的组合轮中设置的5个小齿轮，至它们共同的轴心是等距的。所述的组合轮中设置的5个小齿轮轴与动力传输轴相互处在平行状态。小齿轮周长与变位齿轮周长比是有规律并有逻辑可寻的；其(小齿轮周长与变位齿轮周长)比例也可以按小齿轮需要在齿圈周长中滚动的距离，和变位齿轮在轮盘上的移动距离之比设置；也可以按照实际中测量的数据进行设定。
该变速器的结构是，驱动轮(组合轮)经轴承连接在外壳上，从动轮(组合轮)经轴承连接在外壳上；驱动轮和从动轮以齿圈与传动带相互啮合连接，传动带位于2个齿圈外圆上；驱动轮和从动轮的动力传输轴两端，分别过盈连接有变速动力齿轮；驱动轮与从动轮是平行的，且两者的齿圈为对齐状态；张紧轮装在外壳上，并以一定弹性的压力压在传动带上；把动力传输轴的圆周，设为被5个小齿轮轴平均分割为5个分度，触发磁铁位于3轴和4轴的分度间，并且触发磁铁与该分度间为对齐；变速主轴和变速副轴经轴承连接在外壳上，变速主轴和变速副轴的两端，分别与进步轮以螺杆与螺母关系连接；变速主轴和变速副轴的两端分别过盈连接有离合座，变速主轴和变速副轴的两端分别装有摩擦片和变速轴齿轮；变速主轴和变速副轴上的部件位置，以中部为起点至轴两端依次为，离合座、摩擦片、变速轴齿轮、压盘轴承、电磁压盘、阻力器；变速主轴一端的变速轴齿轮，与驱动轮动力传输轴上的变速动力齿轮啮合连接，另一端的变速轴齿轮与倒向齿轮啮合连接，该倒向齿轮与驱动轮动力传输轴上的变速动力齿轮啮合连接；变速副轴一端的变速轴齿轮，与从动轮动力传输轴上的变速动力齿轮啮合连接，另一端的变速轴齿轮与倒向齿轮啮合连接，该倒向齿轮与从动轮动力传输轴上的变速动力齿轮啮合连接，倒向齿轮经倒向齿轮轴和轴承安装在外壳上；变速轴齿轮与变速主轴和变速副轴为宽松连接，变速轴齿轮在变速主轴和变速副轴上可以自由转动或轴向滑动；变速主轴和变速副轴的两端分别套有电磁压盘，4个电磁压盘固定在外壳上；套在变速主轴和变速副轴有倒向齿轮一端的电磁压盘称为左电磁压盘，套在变速主轴和变速副轴另一端的电磁压盘称为右电磁压盘；变速主轴上的2个进步轮经进步推杆，分别与驱动轮 上的2个爪座外缘上的轴承连接；变速副轴上的2个进步轮经进步推杆，分别与从动轮上的2个爪座外缘上的轴承连接；进步轮与进步推杆为固定连接；2个主控开关限位槽以紧固件固定在外壳上，2个主控开关限位槽分别与2个开关架连接；2个开关架分别与主控主轴和主控副轴连接，相互间为螺母和螺杆关系连接(与主控主轴连接的开关架称为主轴开关架，与主控副轴连接的开关架称为副轴开关架)；2个开关架上的右主控开关在同一边(开关架的右边)，2个开关架上的左主控开关在同一边(开关架的左边)；本文所述的右边和左边是相对的，只是以图纸的正视为方向为参考，仅仅是为了便于描述和说明而命名左边和右边；变速主轴上一个进步轮拨杆设在，主轴开关架上2个主控开关之间的空隙中；变速副轴上一个进步轮拨杆设在，副轴开关架上2个主控开关之间的空隙中；驱动轮和从动轮的动力传输轴上分别对应一个开关架；进步推杆的支杆与动力传输轴平行，进步推杆的支杆上装有干簧管，该干簧管与对应触发磁铁的位置关系为，当与其(干簧管与对应触发磁铁)一组的组合轮齿圈直径在中间时(直径最大与直径最小的中间位置)，干簧管位于该触发磁铁的中间；主控主轴和主控副轴经主控齿轮啮合连接，主控主轴和主控副轴经轴承安装在外壳上，主控主轴与主控电机连接，主控电机安装在外壳上；变速主轴和变速副轴上分别连接有，消除转动惯性和锁定转动的阻力器；阻力器中有刹车，刹车始终保持有效的阻转阻力，阻力器固定在外壳上；阻力器也可以混合齿轮和齿轮啮合与分离而实现，使阻力器更加灵敏与稳健，但齿轮应当设置有一定的吸冲击作用的扭动弹性；该变速器的电路分配是，主轴开关架、变速主轴和驱动轮所连接的电器为一组电路；副轴开关架、变速副轴和从动轮所连接的电器为另一组电路；其中右主控开关连接右电磁压盘，左主控开关连接左电磁压盘(所述的电器是指变速器中通电的部件，干簧管、主控开关、继电器和电磁压盘)。所述的所有部件及部件与部件之间均允许存在一定公差。各部件间应留的细小活动间隙以及如何固定该间隙，是很容易实现的本文就不做详细说明。
该变速器运行中的部件动作，驱动轮齿圈与从动轮齿圈的直径变化总是相反的；变速主轴上的2个变速轴齿轮转动方向是相反的；变速副轴上的2个变速轴齿轮转动方向是相反的；变速主轴转动时，与变速主轴螺纹配合的2个进步轮的轴向动作方向是相反的；变速副轴转动时，与变速副轴螺纹配合的2个进步轮的轴向动作方向是相反的；该变速器的变速是由驱动轮齿圈直径变大从动轮齿圈直径变小，或驱动轮齿圈直径变小从动轮齿圈变大而完成；当齿圈变小时，由于传动带的不可伸缩性，传动带会比齿圈周长长出相应的长度，该长度的传动带会被释放在3轴和4轴之间，只有当3轴和4轴不被传动带相邻连接时，才能将长出部分的传动带转移出，转移出的传动带会被另一个变大的齿圈吸纳；当齿圈变大时，齿圈上的传动带需要增长，由于传动带的不可伸缩性，需要增长的传动带部分会在3轴和4轴之间抽取，只有当3轴和4轴不被传动带相邻连接时，才能从变小的齿圈和张紧轮中获取；当两个齿圈没在同步改变直径时，其中一个齿圈释放出或需要抽取传动带长度的由张紧轮进行吞吐调整；齿圈轮齿和与其(齿圈轮齿)相互啮合的传动带的齿或滚轴的相互作用(相互推压)来传递动力；3轴与4轴自转的转动方向是相反的，3轴与4轴之间的区域(分度)就是所述的变速区；该变速器所有电器的负极为常通电；齿圈处于最小状态时，小齿轮与小齿轮之间依然不会相触。所述的“相邻连接”是指，两个小齿轮相邻间的连接，也就是两个小齿轮间不隔有其他小齿轮的连接。所述的变速执行位是指，组合轮转到该组合轮中3轴与4轴上的小齿轮不被传动带相邻连接时的位置。
该变速器的运行和变速以及部件动作为，驱动轮经动力传输轴接收外部转动动力输入而转动，驱动轮经齿圈将动力传递给传动带，传动带将动力传递给从动轮的齿圈使从动轮接收动力而转动，从动轮经动力传输轴输出转动动力；变速器在运转中，当驱动轮或从动轮转到可变速位置(变速执行位)时，动力传输轴上的触发磁铁，就会接近对应的干簧管并使该干簧管闭合，驱动轮和从动轮上的干簧管为不同步闭合(有时也存在同步闭合)；转动主控主轴可以下达变速指令，向左转为增档指令，向右转为降档指令；当转动主控主轴，主控主轴同 时经主控齿轮将该动力传递给主控副轴，主控副轴会以与主控主轴相反的方向做出同样幅度的转动，此时主控主轴和主控副轴的转速相等但是转动方向相反；主控主轴和主控副轴的转动，将分别推动与其(主控主轴和主控副轴)以螺纹配合的开关架做直线移动动作(开关架被开关架限位槽限位，不能跟着与其(开关架)连接的主控主轴或主控副轴转动，开关架只能做直线往复动作)；主控主轴和主控副轴所推动的开关架，动作方向是互相相反的(如果是增档指令则：主控主轴推动与该主控主轴连接的开关架向左边移动，主控副轴推动与该主控副轴连接的开关架向右边移动；如果是降档指令则：主控主轴推动与该主控主轴连接的开关架向右边移动，主控副轴推动与该主控副轴连接的开关架向左边移动)；开关架的移动，会使相应的主控开关压向进步轮拨杆，同时压缩复位弹簧，以暂存主控主轴传来的变速动力(复位弹簧的弹力大于主控开关的内部弹簧弹力)；如果是增档指令，此时与主控主轴一组的右主控开关和与主控副轴一组的左主控开关为闭合状态(通电状态)；如果是降档指令，此时与主控主轴一组的左主控开关和与主控副轴一组的右主控开关为闭合状态(通电状态)。此时干簧管的闭合，将使与该干簧管连接的2个主控开关接通电源，其中闭合状态的主控开关使相应的继电器通电工作。该继电器将触点闭合，使相应的电磁压盘接通电源并工作；电磁压盘接通电源工作，将推动变速轴齿轮与摩擦片和离合座接触，此时变速轴齿轮带动摩擦片和离合座一起转动。变速主轴所连接的离合座的转动，将带动变速主轴一起转动；变速副轴所连接的离合座的转动，将带动变速副轴一起转动。在增档指令中，变速主轴的转动将通过螺纹的作用是，推动与其以螺纹连接的进步轮做向轴中间移动的动作；变速副轴的转动将通过螺纹的作用是，推动与其以螺纹连接的进步轮做向轴两端移动的动作。在降档指令中，变速主轴的转动将通过螺纹的作用是，推动与其以螺纹连接的进步轮做向轴两端移动的动作；变速副轴的转动将通过螺纹的作用是，推动与其以螺纹连接的进步轮做向轴中间移动的动作。进步轮通过与其连接的进步推杆以及爪座外缘上的轴承，将该动力传递给驱动轮和从动轮上的爪座并使该爪座做出相应的动作(即：增档指令中，驱动轮上的2个爪座向轮盘靠拢方向移动，从动轮上的2个爪座向远离轮盘的方向移动；降档指令中，驱动轮上的2个爪座向远离轮盘的方向移动，从动轮上的2个爪座向轮盘靠拢方向移动)。驱动轮上的2个爪座通过爪杆，分别推动与该爪座的爪杆连接的爪脚，和与该爪脚连接的小齿轮轴，以及该小齿轮轴上的小齿轮轴座、变位齿轮、小齿轮、爪脚锁片，做轮盘的径向移动动作(在增档指令中，做由轮盘轴心向外缘方向的移动，使该齿圈实现变大的动作；在降档指令中，做由轮盘外缘向轴心方向的移动，使该齿圈实现变小的动作)，而使齿圈的周长实现设定的变化；同时经固定在轮盘上的变位齿条，将变位齿轮的直线动力转换成转动动力；驱使小齿轮轴和小齿轮以相应的幅度转动，而修正传动带长度与齿圈周长的差和传动带与小齿轮之间的齿错位。从动轮上的2个爪座通过爪杆，分别推动与该爪座的爪杆连接的爪脚，和与该爪脚连接的小齿轮轴，以及该小齿轮轴上的小齿轮轴座、变位齿轮、小齿轮、爪脚锁片，做轮盘的径向移动动作(在增档指令中，做由轮盘外缘向轴心方向的移动，使该齿圈实现变小的动作；在降档指令中，做由轮盘轴心向外缘方向的移动，使该齿圈实现变大的动作)，而使齿圈的周长实现设定的变化；同时经固定在轮盘上的变位齿条将变位齿轮的直线动力转换成转动动力，驱使小齿轮轴和小齿轮以相应的幅度转动，而修正传动带与齿圈的差和传动带与小齿轮之间的齿错位。当驱动轮或从动轮转到变速执行位位置(每转动一圈就有一次变速执行位)，动力传输轴上的触发磁铁就会接近与其(该触发磁铁)对应的干簧管并使该干簧管闭合，从而重复所述一系列的变档动作，直至进步轮拨杆不再闭合主控开关。当触发磁铁随动力传输轴转动到非变速执行位，干簧管将断开电路。干簧管断开电路将使电磁压盘停止工作(回到初始状态)，变速轴齿轮与摩擦片和离合座为分离状态，此时变档动作终止且恢复到正常传动状态。主控开关通过复位弹簧，进行暂存主控主轴做出的迅速和大幅度的动作；接着配合驱动轮和从动轮的转动圈数，进行多次有序的实施和完成整个变速动作。在非变速中，阻力器阻止变速主轴和变速副轴转动；在变速中过了变速执行位，阻力器吸收变速主轴和变速副轴的转动惯性，并阻 止变速主轴和变速副轴继续转动。阻力器中的刹车始终保持有效的阻转阻力。
综合以上所述本发明的变速器，采用链轮与传动链或齿形带轮与齿形带啮合传动，传动效率可高达85％以上；该变速器的结构中，在变速爪的作用下，驱动轮和从动轮转动部分在任何工作状态下都是保持平衡的，只要零件加工做到控制精度(尺寸与质量)。在该变速器运行中，变速器的活动部件产生的“离心力”不会加载在传动带上。在该变速器运行中可以看到，驱动轮和从动轮一直处在，普通类型的链轮与传动链或齿形带轮与齿形带的传动关系，这种传动关系达到2000r/min转速是现有的成熟技术。其中采用传动链和链轮可以实现大扭矩传动，也是现有的成熟技术。在啮合方式连接中，部件大小的因素(部件越大可以承受和传递越大的扭矩)，可以做到很小或不影响传动效率；可见该无极变速器在高传动效率下依然有大扭矩传动能力。该变速器实现了在高转速中平顺和高效运行(变速和传动)，以及可实现传递大扭矩动力的目的。同时也实现了该变速器的驱动轮和从动轮之间，在动力不脱离状态下能连续调出，设定范围内的任意扭矩比和对应的转速比。驱动轮和从动轮之间的转速比和扭矩比变化动作，也等于所述的增档和降档动作(驱动轮齿圈的变大和从动轮齿圈的变小，将使驱动轮原转速和扭矩下，从动轮转速变高扭矩变小；驱动轮齿圈的变小和从动轮齿圈的变大，将使驱动轮原转速和扭矩下，从动轮转速变低扭矩变大)。本发明达到了预期的目的。
本发明的有益效果是，该变速器能在高转速中平顺运行(变速和传动)，并能高效率传递大扭矩动力；以及该变速器的驱动轮和从动轮之间，在动力不脱离状态下能连续调出，设定范围内的任意扭矩比和对应的转速比。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的驱动轮电路原理示意图，也是本发明实施例的驱动轮电路示意图。
图2是本发明的从动轮电路原理示意图，也是本发明实施例的从动轮电路示意图。
图3是本发明实施例的外部正视图。
图4是图3的W-W剖视(放大)图，也是以轴向视图。图中的驱动轮和从动轮的齿圈为一样大时。图中每个变速爪12以5个爪杆，分别连接一组小齿轮组中的小齿轮轴(1轴23、2轴24、3轴25、4轴26、5轴27)。图中连接有动力传输轴2的是驱动轮，连接有动力传输轴3的是从动轮。
图5是图3的右侧视图。
图6是本发明实施例的内部结构正视图；放大区域划分总图，该图隐藏了视觉重叠的3组小齿轮组以及相应的变位齿条。该图(图6)中的驱动轮与从动轮处于一样大的状态。图中连接有动力传输轴2的是驱动轮，连接有动力传输轴3的是从动轮。
图7是本发明的实施例高档位(驱动轮大、从动轮小)时的内部视图，以及此时主要零件所处位置的视图。该图隐藏了视觉重叠的3组小齿轮组以及相应的变位齿条。
图8是本发明的实施例低档位(驱动轮小、从动轮大)时的内部视图，以及此时主要零件所处位置的视图。该图隐藏了视觉重叠的3组小齿轮组以及相应的变位齿条。
图9是图5的K-K剖视图。图中，驱动轮以动力传输轴2的两端，分别经轴承安装在外壳1上；从动轮以动力传输轴3的两端，分别经轴承安装在外壳1上；变速主轴4和变速副轴5贯穿连接的各个部件，以及其两端分别经轴承安装在外壳1上；主控主轴28和主控副轴29贯穿连接开关架33和主控齿轮30，且两端分别经轴承安装在外壳1上；倒向齿轮轴41贯穿连接倒向齿轮40，且两端分别经轴承安装在外壳1上。其中，变速主轴4和变速副轴5与进步轮20为螺纹配合；主控主轴28和主控副轴29与开关架33为螺纹配合。动力传输轴2、动力传输轴3、变速主轴4、变速副轴5、主控主轴28、主控副轴29和倒向齿轮轴41在外壳1上都设置为不能做轴向移动的，要阻止所述的轴做轴向移动是很容易实现，本文中就不作特别的说明。图中滚动轴承53众多，其容易理解就不予以逐个标明。
图10是驱动轮的齿圈周长大从动轮齿圈周长小的状态视图。
图11是图6中的轮盘正视图，该轮盘为盘面中心有孔的圆盘。变速孔的纵向中心线与该轮盘的半径平行，该5条变速孔16的两端分别与该轮盘的外圆和轴心孔不相通，留有为该轮盘半径的5％-10％的厚度，变速孔的宽度为小齿轮轴座的外缘宽度加活动间隙。
图12是2个轮盘8与动力传输轴2结合成轮体的视图，动力传输轴2穿过2个轮盘中心孔76并过盈连接，两个轮盘8中间有大于小齿轮10高度的间隙。该图(图12)中的该动力传输轴2也可换成动力传输轴3，而成为从动轮的轮体的视图。
图13是进步推杆的侧视图。
图14是进步推杆的正视图。
图15是进步推杆与进步轮相连接后的视图。
图16是驱动轮的齿圈周长小从动轮齿圈周长大的状态视图。
图17为组合轮中齿圈在最大时的视图；图中虚线三角形101，为轮体、小齿轮组和变速爪12的三角形因素的形变与受力示意。图中三角形磁铁的中心示意延出线82和主控开关的中心示意延出线83，示意三角形磁铁43和主控开关34的对应位置。
图18为组合轮中齿圈在最小时的视图；图中虚线三角形101为轮体、小齿轮组和变速爪12的三角形因素的形变与受力示意。图中三角形磁铁的中心示意延出线82和主控开关的中心示意延出线83，示意三角形磁铁43和主控开关34的对应位置。
图19为组合轮中齿圈在中间(此时驱动轮和从动轮中的齿圈为一样大)时的视图，图中虚线三角形101为轮体、小齿轮组和变速爪12的三角形因素的形变与受力示意。图中三角形磁铁的中心示意延出线82和主控开关的中心示意延出线83为重叠，也就是三角形磁铁43和主控开关34中心对齐状态。
图20是连接有开关架33的开关架滑槽35在外壳1上的轴向视图；图中开关架33在开关架滑槽35中可以做轴向滑动，两者之间为活动连接。隐藏了视觉重叠部分的传动带。
图21是图6的a1区放大图，以及标注出在图6中没有标注的零部件。
图22是图6的a2区放大图，以及标注出在图6中没有标注的零部件。
图23是图6的b1区放大图，以及标注出在图6中没有标注的零部件。
图24是图6的b2区放大图，以及标注出在图6中没有标注的零部件。
图25是图6的c1区放大图，以及标注出在图6中没有标注的零部件。
图26是图6的c2区放大图，以及标注出在图6中没有标注的零部件。
图27是开关架的正视图。
图28是图27的N-N剖视图，主控开关34位于主控开关限位曹71中的视图。
图29是图27的P-P剖视图，复位弹簧72位于主控开关限位曹71中视图。
图30是爪脚的侧视图。
图31是爪脚的正视图。
图32是三角形磁铁43安装(镶嵌)在动力传输轴2上的横截视图。该图(图32)也可作为是三角形磁铁43安装(镶嵌)在动力传输轴3上的横截视图。
图33是传动带与齿圈的啮合状态示意，也是小齿轮以轮盘轴心为中心点环形阵列组成的齿圈的轴向视图，同时也是该齿圈与轮盘关系的轴向视图。
图34是组合轮齿圈变小动作的纵向剖视图，图中106虚线为示意小齿轮轴的轴心线。
图35是组合轮齿圈变大动作的纵向剖视图，图中106虚线为示意小齿轮轴的轴心线。
图36是组合轮的正视图。
图37是爪座的前(侧)视图。
图38是爪杆46经爪杆销14连接爪座61后的变速爪整体前视图；爪杆46与爪杆销14为活动连接，爪杆销14与连接座62为过盈连接或加销锁死。
图39是小齿轮组向轮盘边缘移动中，变位齿轮及其(变位齿轮)所带动小齿轮以105箭头所示方向转动。是各小齿轮轴的变位齿轮与变位齿条啮合状态示意，所有轴上的变位齿轮18所啮合连接的变位齿条19，位于靠向1轴23方向安装。图中小齿轮组由轮盘8内向外移动(齿圈变大)的动作中，2轴24、3轴25、4轴26和5轴27上的变位齿轮18，以箭头105所示的方向滚动。
图40是动力传输轴2和轮盘8的分度划分示意图、轮盘的变速区79所在图、齿圈周长示意图；图中1轴23、2轴24、3轴25、4轴26和5轴27之间，以5条分度划分示意线81划分为5个分度区；图中3轴25和4轴26之间的分度为变速区79；图中圆虚线100为齿圈周长的示意＝齿圈的外缘轮廓。该图(40)中的动力传输轴2也可换成动力传输轴3进行理解。
图41是小齿轮组的视图，图中小齿轮轴11过盈连接小齿轮10，小齿轮轴11的两端由内向外，分别连接小齿轮轴座58变位齿轮18爪脚15和爪脚锁片17；如该小齿轮组为1轴23，该小齿轮轴11与小齿轮轴座58为过盈连接或加销锁死。
图42是图41的纵向剖视图。
图43是爪座后(侧)视图。
图44是图43的U-U剖视图。
图45是爪座的正视图，图中变速爪推力轴承45和变速爪锁片44在各自位置上。
图46是小齿轮轴座的正视图。
图47是小齿轮轴座的侧视图。
图48是图28的Q-Q剖视图，图中开关架33的两端分别有主控开关限位曹71，主控开关限位曹71与，主控开关限位曹71之间不相通；图中复位弹簧72顶着主控开关34、50靠向开关架的中间，弹簧挡74挡住复位弹簧72滑出主控开关限位曹71；主控开关34和主控开关50被复位弹簧72推到最中间后，主控开关34与主控开关50之间仍然有一个间隙，该间隙的宽度等于或略大于进步轮拨杆47的宽度。
图49是开关架滑槽的正视图。
图50是开关架滑槽的侧视图。
图51是开关架33连接在开关架滑槽上的侧视图，开关架33与开关架滑槽35的连接是活动连接。
图52是本发明实施例的增档动作示意图；图中，主控主轴28主控副轴29输入了增档指令，主控主轴28上的开关架33向左边移动后闭合了主控开关50，主控副轴29上的开关架33向右边移动后闭合了主控开关51；图中，驱动轮已转到变速执行位的位置，此时信号器闭合通电，同时驱动轮右边继电器98闭合电路使电磁压盘49通电工作；工作的电磁压盘49以其电磁压盘的顶桶，推动变速轴齿轮和摩擦片压向离合座而通过摩擦带动变速主轴4左转；变速主轴4的左转将推动变速主轴4上的2个进步轮向中间(变速主轴4中2个进步轮之间的中心点)移动；2个进步轮的向中间移动将推动驱动轮中的所有小齿轮组做轮盘(驱动轮中的轮盘)的向外径向动作，而使驱动轮中的齿圈直径变大。图中，从动轮已转到变速执行位的位置，此时信号器闭合通电，同时从动轮左边继电器97闭合电路使电磁压盘109通电工作；工作的电磁压盘109以其电磁压盘的顶桶，推动变速轴齿轮和摩擦片压向离合座而通过摩擦带动变速副轴5右转；变速副轴5的右转将推动变速副轴5上的2个进步轮向外(向变速副轴5的轴2端端头方向)移动；2个进步轮的向外移动将推动从动轮中的所有小齿轮组做轮盘(从动轮中的轮盘)的向心径向动作，而使从动轮中的齿圈直径变小。
图53是本发明实施例的降档动作示意图；图中，主控主轴28主控副轴29输入了降(减)档指令，主控主轴28上的开关架33向右边移动后闭合了主控开关34，主控副轴29上的开关架33向左边移动后闭合了主控开关52；图中，驱动轮已转到变速执行位的位置，此时信号器闭合通电，同时驱动轮左边继电器99闭合电路使电磁压盘38通电工作；工作的电磁压盘38以其电磁压盘的顶桶，推动变速轴齿轮和摩擦片压向离合座而通过摩擦带动变速主轴4右转；变速主轴4的右转将推动变速主轴4上的2个进步轮向外(向变速主轴4的轴2端端头方向)移动；2个进步轮的向外移动将推动驱动轮中的所有小齿轮组做轮盘(驱动轮中的轮盘)的向心径向动作，而使驱动轮中的齿圈直径变小。图中，从动轮已转到变速执行位的位置，此时信号器闭合通电，同时从动轮右边继电器96闭合电路使电磁压盘110通电工作；工作的电磁压盘110以其电磁压盘的顶桶，推动变速轴齿轮和摩擦片压向离合座而通过摩擦带动变速副轴5左转；变速副轴5的左转将推动变速副轴5上的2个进步轮向中间(变速副轴5中2个进步轮之间的中心点)移动；2个进步轮的向中间移动将推动从动轮中的所有小齿轮组做轮盘(从动轮中的轮盘)的向外径向动作，而使从动轮中的齿圈直径变大。
所述的轴向是指动力传输轴的轴向，也是与动力传输轴平行的轴的轴向。
动力传输轴2和动力传输轴3＝所述的动力传输轴
图中1.外壳，2.动力传输轴，3.动力传输轴，4.变速主轴，5.变速副轴，6.阻力器，7.信号器，8.轮盘，9.齿形链(传动带)，10齿形链轮(小齿轮)，11.小齿轮轴，12.变速爪，13.进步推杆，14.爪杆销，15.爪脚，16.变速孔，17.爪脚锁片，18.变位齿轮，19.变位齿条，20.进步轮，21.离合座，22.变速轴齿轮，23.小齿轮轴1轴(简称1轴)，24.小齿轮轴2轴(简称2轴)，25.小齿轮轴3轴(简称3轴)，26.小齿轮轴4轴(简称4轴)，27.小齿轮轴5轴(简称5轴)，28.主控主轴，29主控副轴，30.主控齿轮，31.电磁压盘的顶桶，32.张紧轮，33.开关架，34.主控开关，35.开关架滑槽，36.摩擦片，37.压盘推力轴承，38.电磁压盘，39.变速动力齿轮，40.倒向齿轮，41.倒向齿轮轴，42.信号器，43.三角形磁铁，44.变速爪锁片，45.变速爪推力轴承，46.爪杆，47.进步轮拨杆，48.进步推杆枝，49.电磁压盘，50.主控开关，51.主控开关，52.主控开关，53.滚动轴承，54.齿形链的齿，55.齿形链轮的齿，56.变位齿轮齿，57变位齿条齿，58.小齿轮轴座，59.爪脚销孔，60.连接座销孔，61.爪座，62连接座，63.爪脚中心孔，64.小齿轮轴座中心孔，65.爪座中心孔，66.进步轮螺纹孔，69.爪座卡槽，71.主控开关限位曹，72.复位弹簧，74.弹簧挡，75.开关架螺纹孔，76.轮盘中心孔，79.变速区(三角形磁铁所在区的分度)，80.分度区，81.分度划分示意线，82.三角形磁铁的中心示意延出线，83.主控开关的中心示意延出线，89.变速爪的移动动作方向的示意箭头，90.小齿轮组的移动动作方向示意箭头，91.变位齿轮带动小齿轮轴转动的动作方向示意箭头，92.爪杆与轮盘面之间的角度大小变化示意箭头，93.爪杆与动力传输轴之间的角度大小变化示意箭头，94.齿形带(传动带)，95齿形带轮(小齿轮)，96.从动轮右边继电器，97.从动轮左边继电器，98.驱动轮右边继电器，99.驱动轮左边继电器，100.齿圈的外缘轮廓，101.虚线三角形(力三角形)，105.变位齿轮转动方向示意箭头，106.小齿轮轴心延出线，107.动力传输轴的轴心延出线，108.右转箭头，109.电磁压盘，110.电磁压盘，111.变速主轴上进步轮的移动方向箭头，112.变速副轴上进步轮的移动方向箭头，113.变速主轴的轴心延出线，114.左转箭头，115.变速副轴的轴心延出线。图中连接有动力传输轴2的是驱动轮，连接有动力传输轴3的是从动轮。
具体实施方式
在实施例的图6中：外壳1经滚动轴承53连接有驱动轮、从动轮、变速主轴4、变速副轴5、主控主轴28、主控副轴29和倒向齿轮轴41；阻力器6、电磁压盘38、电磁压盘49、电磁压盘109、电磁压盘110、开关架滑槽35、张紧轮32、继电器96、继电器97、继电器98、继电器99固定安装在外壳1上；传动带安装在驱动轮和从动轮的传动齿轮(齿圈)上， 并与驱动轮和从动轮的传动齿轮(齿圈)啮合连接。驱动轮为该变速器的动力输入端，从动轮为该变速器的动力输出端。驱动轮和从动轮是两个相同的组合轮，有动力传输轴2的为驱动轮，有动力传输轴3的为从动轮。组合轮中有一个轮体、5组小齿轮组、2个变速爪12和变位齿条19。轮体由2个轮盘8以该轮盘的中心孔76，过盈连接在动力传输轴的中部组成；该2个轮盘8上设置有以该轮盘的轴心为中心点，环形阵列的5条贯穿轮盘8两面的变速孔16；该2个轮盘8上的变速孔16是对齐的，该2个轮盘8相对齐的2个变速孔16为一组变速孔。小齿轮组由小齿轮轴11中间过盈连接齿形链轮10，小齿轮轴11的两端分别安装有小齿轮轴座58、变位齿轮18、爪脚15、爪脚锁片17组成，其中。变速爪12由5个爪杆46分别经爪杆销14连接在爪座61的连接座62上，爪座61上连接有2个变速爪推力轴承45和一个滚动轴承53和变速爪锁片44组成。组合轮由，一个轮体以每组变速孔中都连接一组小齿轮组，轮体的动力传输轴两端分别套一个变速爪12，每端的变速爪12的5个爪杆46经爪杆销14分别与小齿轮组对应端的爪脚15连接，变位齿条19固定在轮盘上并与小齿轮组中的变位齿轮18啮合而成。驱动轮的变速爪12经进步推杆13与变速主轴4上的进步轮20连接，从动轮的变速爪12经进步推杆13与变速副轴5上的进步轮20连接。动力传输轴2的两端分别过盈连接有变速动力齿轮39，左端的变速动力齿轮39经倒向齿轮40连接变速主轴4的左边变速轴齿轮22，右端的变速动力齿轮39连接变速主轴4的右边变速轴齿轮22，齿轮之间都是啮合连接。动力传输轴3的两端分别过盈连接有变速动力齿轮39，左端的变速动力齿轮39经倒向齿轮40连接变速副轴5的左边变速轴齿轮22，右端的变速动力齿轮39连接变速副轴5的右边变速轴齿轮22，齿轮之间都是啮合连接。动力传输轴2和动力传输轴3的右端都镶嵌有三角形磁铁43，三角形磁铁43与动力传输轴的接触部分可以用隔磁材料进行隔磁。变速主轴4和变速副轴5的两端分别以螺纹连接有进步轮20；以过盈连接有离合座21；以活动连接有摩擦片36、变速轴齿轮22、压盘推力轴承37，摩擦片36、变速轴齿轮22、压盘推力轴承37在变速主轴4和变速副轴5上可以转动和轴向滑动。变速主轴4和变速副轴5的左边端分别连接有阻力器6。变速主轴4的两端，分别穿过电磁压盘38和电磁压盘49的中心孔；变速副轴5的两端，分别穿过电磁压盘109和电磁压盘110中心孔；电磁压盘38、电磁压盘49、磁压盘109和电磁压盘110各自的顶桶31与压盘推力轴承37接触。变速主轴4和变速副轴5与电磁压盘(电磁压盘38、电磁压盘49、电磁压盘109和电磁压盘110)为互不接触。变速主轴4和变速副轴5右端上的进步轮20有进步轮拨杆47，该两个进步轮20所连接的进步推杆13有进步推杆枝48。与驱动轮上的变速爪12，连接的进步推杆13的进步推杆枝48上装有信号器7。与从动轮上的变速爪12，连接的进步推杆13的进步推杆枝48上装有信号器42。本实施例中的信号器7和42都是采用干簧管。主控主轴28和主控副轴29上各过盈连接有一个主控齿轮30，该2个主控齿轮30相互啮合连接。齿形链9与驱动轮和从动轮上的齿圈连接，齿形链9位于齿圈的外缘。所述的齿圈是轮盘中1轴23、2轴24、3轴25、4轴26和5轴27上的5个齿形链轮10，以轮盘轴心为中心而环形阵列的非连续环形齿圈。主控主轴28上连接有一个开关架33，开关架33两端各有一条主控开关限位曹71，两条主控开关限位曹71不相通；左边主控开关限位曹71中连接主控开关34，右边主控开关限位曹71中连接主控开关50，主控开关34、主控开关50外端的主控开关限位曹71中有一个复位弹簧72，复位弹簧72外端有弹簧挡74限制复位弹簧72向外滑动(滑出)。主控副轴29上连接有一个开关架33，开关架33两端各有一条主控开关限位曹71，两条主控开关限位曹71不相通；左边主控开关限位曹71中连接主控开关51，右边主控开关限位曹71中连接主控开关52，主控开关51、主控开关52外端的主控开关限位曹71中有一个复位弹簧72，复位弹簧72外端有弹簧挡74限制复位弹簧72向外滑动(滑出)。开关架33与开关架滑槽35连接。变速主轴4所连接的进步轮拨杆47，位于主控主轴28所连接的开关架33上的两个主控开关34中间。变速副轴5所连接的进步轮拨杆47，位于主控副轴29所连接的开关架33上的两个主控开关34中间。张紧轮的轮子压在齿形链9上。驱动轮的电器电路为，干簧管7的一端连接电源正 极，另一端连接主控开关34和主控开关50的输入端；继电器99的控制系统(线圈)的一端连接主控开关34的输出端，另一端连接电源负极；继电器99的被控制系统(触点组)的一端连接左边的电磁压盘38，另一端连接电源正极，电磁压盘38的另一端连接电源负极；继电器98的控制系统(线圈)的一端连接主控开关50的输出端，另一端连接电源负极；继电器98的被控制系统(触点组)的一端连接右边的电磁压盘49，另一端连接电源正极，电磁压盘49的另一端连接电源负极。从动轮的电器电路为，干簧管42的一端连接电源正极，另一端连接主控开关51和主控开关52的输入端；继电器97的控制系统(线圈)的一端连接主控开关51的输出端，另一端连接电源负极；继电器97的被控制系统(触点组)的一端连接左边的电磁压盘109，另一端连接电源正极，电磁压盘109的另一端连接电源负极；继电器96的控制系统(线圈)的一端连接主控开关52的输出端，另一端连接电源负极；继电器96的被控制系统(触点组)的一端连接右边的电磁压盘110，另一端连接电源负极，电磁压盘110的另一端连接电源负极。动力传输轴为连接轮盘处略粗的轴；轮盘8为有中心孔76，且以中心孔76为中心点阵列有5条，贯穿轮盘两面的变速孔16的圆盘；变速孔16为长方形，其高度方向是轮盘8的径向；动力传输轴与轮盘8为过盈连接，动力传输轴与变速爪12的爪座61为活连接，变速爪12在动力传输轴上可以做轴向滑动动作；轮盘8与小齿轮轴座58为活连接，小齿轮轴座58在轮盘8的变速孔16内可以做滑动动作，该滑动方向是轮盘(8)的径向；小齿轮轴11与齿形链轮10为过盈连接；小齿轮组2轴24、3轴25、4轴26、5轴27与小齿轮轴座58为活连接，小齿轮组1轴23与小齿轮轴座58为死连接；1轴23、2轴24、3轴25、4轴26和5轴27都是小齿轮轴11；小齿轮轴11与变位齿轮18过盈连接；变位齿条19与轮盘8死链接，变位齿条19与变位齿轮18为啮合连接；小齿轮轴11与爪脚15为活连接，爪脚15在小齿轮轴11上可转动；爪脚15与爪杆销14为过盈连接；爪杆46与爪杆销14为活连接。开关架滑槽35与外壳1为死连接。开关架滑槽35与开关架33为活连接。主控开关34、主控开关50、主控开关51、主控开关52和相应的复位弹簧72与主控开关限位曹71为活连接。主控主轴28和主控副轴29与开关架33为螺纹连接；主控主轴28和主控副轴29为螺杆，开关架33为螺母。变速主轴4和变速副轴5与进步轮20为螺纹连接；变速主轴4和变速副轴5为螺杆，进步轮20为螺母。传动带9与驱动轮和从动轮上的齿圈为啮合连接。2轴24和5轴27上的变位齿轮18最大周长，与该轴上的齿形链轮10的最大周长比为1比1.1755。3轴25和4轴26上的变位齿轮18的最大周长是，2轴24或5轴27上的变位齿轮18最大周长的一半。小齿轮轴座58全部埋在变速孔16中，5个齿形链轮10的厚度最好为相等；两个轮盘8的变速孔16为对齐状态，两个轮盘8的相对面之间有间隔，5个齿形链轮10位于该间隔中，该间隔的宽度略大于齿形链轮10的高度，5个齿形链轮10与两轮盘8之间存有间隙。在轮盘8上的5个小齿轮轴11以顺时针方向按顺序分别设为1轴23、2轴24、3轴25、4轴26和5轴27；其中1轴23与该轴上的小齿轮轴座58之间为锁死不可转动状态，2轴24、3轴25、4轴26和5轴27与其轴上的小齿轮轴座58之间为可转动状态。爪脚15与爪杆销14为过盈连接加锁片锁死，阻止爪杆销14滑出爪脚15。轮盘8和动力传输轴2、轮盘8和动力传输轴3，以分度划分示意线81划分成5个分度区80，3轴25至4轴26之间的分度区80为变速区79。轮盘8与动力传输轴2、动力传输轴3是过盈连接，所以轮盘8的变速区79等于动力传输轴2、动力传输轴3的变速区79。三角形磁铁43位于变速区79内。干簧管7与三角形磁铁43在有效距离内。继电器96、继电器97、继电器98、继电器99为常开型继电器。主控开关34、主控开关50、主控开关51、主控开关52是常开型开关，受到设计闭合压力后的主控开关电路为闭合，主控开关受力作用面对应对齐进步轮拨杆47。由于驱动轮和从动轮都是组合轮，对驱动轮(有附图更能准确的说明)的说明也可理解为是组合轮的说明，或是从动轮的说明。连接有动力传输轴2的是驱动轮，连接有动力传输轴3的是从动轮；动力传输轴2是动力输入轴，动力传输轴3是动力输出轴。外壳1可以设置成便于安装部件的分体式。所述的动力传输轴是指，动力传输轴2和动力传输轴3。
在所述的螺纹连接中，变速主轴4和变速副轴5为螺杆，进步轮20为螺母；主控主轴28和主控副轴29为螺杆，开关架33为螺母。
当开关架33移动到设定活动范围的中间时，三角形磁铁43与干簧管7为中心对齐状态的位置。
所述的过盈连接为过盈配合，可理解为两个过盈连接部件是一体的，在承受该变速器工作中所产生的作用力下，始终保持紧固的锁死状态，过盈连接＝死连接。所述的活连接是指在设定可活动方向以外，有保持两者之间可活动(滑动、移动和转动)需要的最小间隙。所述的螺纹连接是指，以螺杆和螺母的关系相配合连接。所述齿圈的半径和周长，就是齿圈的外缘轮廓100半径和周长。所述的齿圈是驱动轮和从动轮的传动齿轮，传动齿轮＝所述的齿圈。
在改变齿圈直径比例较小的实际中，小齿轮10只会用到一部分，所以只有一部分的小齿轮(扇形齿轮)也是本发明所述的小齿轮。小齿轮10与小齿轮轴为一体设计中，该小齿轮10与小齿轮轴11也是本发明所述的小齿轮10和小齿轮轴11。
变速器安装好之后，须调整齿形链轮10与齿形链9的齿准确啮合状态；调整方法是，转动轮盘8到使齿形链轮10与齿形链9接触并准确啮合后再锁死变位齿条19(所诉的锁死位齿条19，是指用螺丝将位齿条19固定在轮盘上，位齿条19中的穿螺丝的是孔略大于螺丝，以便于调整位齿条19位置)。
支持组合轮中的齿圈可变周长的技术特征为：组合轮中设置有以小齿轮10为轮体和轮齿，并可改变周长的非连续齿圈；该齿圈由围着轮盘轴心，星型排列的多个小齿轮10形成；这些小齿轮10是经小齿轮轴11连接在轮盘8上并定位。该技术特征在实施例中主要体现是：在轮体上的轮盘8中有5条贯穿轮盘两面的变速孔16；5个齿形链轮10分别通过与小齿轮轴11、小齿轮轴座58、变位齿轮18、爪脚15和爪脚锁片17连接组成5组小齿轮组；该5组小齿轮组装在轮盘8上，并被轮盘8和变速爪12限位而环绕轮盘8中心呈星型排列，该5组小齿轮组中的小齿轮10围成非连续的环形齿圈；5个小齿轮轴11连带其相连的齿形链轮10和小齿轮轴座58，在两个轮盘8的变速孔16中，有可以做该轮盘8的径向往复动作的活动范围，该活动范围支持变速爪12实现，对小齿轮轴11在轮盘8上的位置控制(移动或定位)。轮盘8限制了小齿轮轴11除轮盘8的径向往复移动外的其他方向的移动。
实施例中控制齿圈变化的技术特征是：变速爪12通过轴向移动或定位，来控制小齿轮组在轮盘8中的位置控制(移动或定位)。进步轮20通过进步推杆13控制(移动或定位)变速爪12的轴向位置。进步轮20与变速主轴4和变速副轴5以螺纹关系连接。变速主轴4经可离合连接方式，从动力传输轴2中获取变速动力；变速主轴5经可离合连接方式，从动力传输轴3中获取变速动力。变速爪12与进步推杆13连接，进步推杆13与进步轮20连接成为中心平台；以该平台承担将变速动力转换成移动小齿轮组的动力，和承受小齿轮组的离心力。变速爪12与进步推杆13之间连接为可滑动连接，转动的变速爪12与非转动的进步推杆13之间通过可滑动，进行相互传递轴向动力。变速爪12与进步推杆13之间相互传递轴向作用动力中，变速爪12的旋转扭力经可滑动连接卸去；而实现旋转中的变速爪12与不转动的进步推杆13，能相互顺畅的传递轴向动力并做轴向动作。滑动连接中设置推力轴承45，将进一步减少转动扭力传递。变速爪12控制小齿轮轴11在轮盘8上的径向移动。变速爪12通过轴向移动动作，控制小齿轮轴11在轮盘8上的径向移动。
组成齿圈的小齿轮10，可以在该齿圈改变直径中修正齿位的技术特征：以修正小齿轮10齿位获得与传动带9精准的啮合；以自转修正齿位；以小齿轮组的径向移动转化出扭力，转动小齿轮10做相应幅度的自转。实施例中该变速器的技术特征主要体现是：齿形链轮10经小齿轮轴11连接有变位齿轮18，变位齿轮18与变位齿条19啮合连接，变位齿条19被固定在轮盘8上。齿形链轮10以与齿圈周长同样的幅度滚动来抵消错位，齿位的错差获得修正。齿形链轮10在径向滑动中，迎合齿形链9所需要滚动幅度的自转角度，与变位齿轮18在变 位齿条19上的滚动度数相等。变位齿轮18与变位齿条19是啮合连接；变位齿轮18在变位齿条19的作用下，随小齿轮轴11做直线因素的动作中将产生转动(滚动)。所述的齿形链轮10自转是指，齿形链轮10以与其(齿形链轮10)连接的小齿轮轴11为轴心的转动。
支持齿圈始终与传动带精确啮合，并与动力传输轴和传动带进行动力传递的技术特征为：齿圈由多个可被调齿位的小齿轮拼组成，以及在组合轮中，动力传输轴为该轴上所有小齿轮组的公共轴心，小齿轮组围着动力传输轴转而相互传递动力。在实施例中体现是：1轴23与小齿轮轴座58锁死，使1轴23无法自转(小齿轮轴座58在变速孔16中为无法转动)；2轴24、3轴25、4轴26、5轴27可以自传，但在变速爪12的作用以及变位齿轮18和变位齿条19啮合锁死的作用下，使齿形链9转动传来的动力，只能使齿形链轮10绕着公共轴心(动力传输轴转)而不会自转。齿形链轮10有与其连接的齿形链9相应配合的齿牙，齿形链轮10与齿形链9为啮合连接。
控制在变速执行位进行变速动作的技术特征是，设置有变速区79，以及侦测该变速区79位置和精准的使变速动作在该区域进行的变速系统。在实施例中的体现是，在驱动轮和从动轮的360度转动周期区中，设定3轴25与4轴26之间的分度区80为变速区79，设置有侦测变速区79是否处于变速执行位的信号器42；通过电路电器和机械的结合，实现当变速区79在变速执行位时进行变速动作。准确的在变速执行位时进行变速动作，能实现在变速中不改变，齿形链轮10和齿形链9之间的张紧度以及所啮合的齿的负载量。
所述的变速区79是一个区域；所述的变速执行位是当变速区79转到出现“可行条件”的位置(组合轮转动360度中出现的一个角度内的区域)。所述的“可行条件”是，3轴与4轴上的小齿轮10不被齿形链9相邻连接时；或者是，在变速区79内，3轴与4轴上的小齿轮10不被齿形链9相连时。当组成一个齿圈的小齿轮数是5个或是以上的，所述的“可行条件”也可以理解为，在变速区79内的2个小齿轮不同时与传动带连接时。
支持在不同步(变速指令和变速器的变速执行不同步)中变速的技术特征：设置有延时变速系统，在变速指令后延时执行变速；以储存变速指令动力，等到在变速执行位执行和完成变速动作。在实施例中的体现是，设置有电路；主控主轴28和主控副轴29上的开关架33中，设置有主控开关限位曹71、可在该主控开关限位曹71中滑动的主控开关34、有储、放动能作用复位弹簧72；主控机构接收外来变速指令，转化成伺机执行能(储存外来变速指令，乘机执行)。所述的变速指令是指外部(人操控或电脑操控)加载在该变速器上的变速意图，该意图会和变速器在非变速执行位产生冲突(无法同步)。复位弹簧72的弹力大于主控开关34、主控开关50、主控开关51、主控开关52的内部弹簧弹力。
防止在非变速执行位错误变速动作的技术特征是，设置有阻力装置。在实施例中的体现是：在变速主轴4和变速副轴5上设置有阻力器6，在非变速中，阻力器6阻止变速主轴4和变速副轴5转动；在变速中过了变速执行位，阻力器6吸收掉变速主轴4和变速副轴5的转动惯性，并阻止变速主轴4和变速副轴5继续转动；阻力器6中的刹车始终保持有效的阻转阻力。
将一个轴向移动的动作和动力转化成与其(轴向)垂直，并可向多个角度推动该动作和动力的技术特征：零件以可变的三角因素的关系连接；并在其中设置有2个角为可变角度(扇形张合)，和2个边长可变。在实施例中的体现是：轮盘8和动力传输轴2连接，2者间为过盈连接而固定；轮盘8与小齿轮组连接，小齿轮组在轮盘8中可径向滑动(沿着轮盘中的变速孔16滑动)；小齿轮组与变速爪12连接(爪脚15与爪杆46之间，可做扇形张合动作)；变速爪12与动力传输轴2连接(变速爪12套在动力传输轴2上，变速爪12在动力传输轴2上可轴向滑动)，爪杆46与爪座61可做扇形张合动作。(动力传输轴2也可以理解成是动力传输轴3)
防止驱动轮和从动轮在不同转速时变化齿圈周长中，齿形链9发生大幅度波动的技术特 征是，在驱动轮和从动轮中设置有平衡齿圈周长变化进度的装置。在实施例中的体现是：在动力传输轴2和动力传输轴3上都装有控制干簧管7的三角形磁铁43。该三角形磁铁43能随着两个齿圈的转速比，而在相应度数比(区域的度数)中闭合干簧管7，并加电路电器的配合，将该度数转化为进步轮20的推进进度，体现在齿圈周长变化中。不同齿圈比下，由于其(驱动轮和从动轮)关联的变速爪12、进步轮20和进步推杆13的轴(动力传输轴)向位置不同，使干簧管7位于三角形磁铁43的轴(动力传输轴)向位置不同；该轴向位置的不同，干簧管7经过三角形磁铁43的距离就不同；该距离越大闭合状态的干簧管7经过变速执行位角度越大，反之越小。角度的大小等于在该组合轮转动的一圈中，变速幅度的大小。
能使不同位置的小齿轮轴，可应对不同变位齿牙数需求的技术特征：在组合轮中设置有不同周长(也可理解为直径)的变位齿轮，使小齿轮组在轮盘上相同的移动幅度下，小齿轮可获得不同数的变位齿牙。在实施例中的体现是，3轴25和4轴26上所连接的变位齿轮18的周长，为2轴24和5轴27上所连接的变位齿轮18周长的一半。
主控主轴28向左转为增档指令，向右转为降档指令。所述的增档是指，增长驱动轮齿圈周长和缩短从动轮齿圈周长。所述的降档是指，缩短驱动轮齿圈周长和增长从动轮齿圈周长。所述的齿圈是驱动轮和从动轮的动力(变速器所传输和变扭矩的动力)传输件(传动齿轮)。
动力传输轴、变速主轴、变速副轴，主控主轴和主控副轴在外壳上是不能做轴向移动的，这很容易实现，就不做详细说明。
有以上的技术特征支持，实现了本发明主张的方案，下面以工作状态中进行动作说明。驱动轮经动力传输轴2接收外部转动动力输入而转动，驱动轮经其齿圈将动力传递给齿形链9，齿形链9将动力传递给从动轮的齿圈使从动轮接收动力而转动，从动轮经动力传输轴3输出转动动力。动力传输轴2经变速动力齿轮39和倒向齿轮40，始终驱动左边变速轴齿轮22与其(动力传输轴2)相同方向转动；动力传输轴2经变速动力齿轮39，始终驱动右边变速轴齿轮22与其(动力传输轴2)相反方向转动。动力传输轴3经变速动力齿轮39和倒向齿轮40，始终驱动左边变速轴齿轮22与其(动力传输轴3)相同方向转动；动力传输轴3经变速动力齿轮39，始终驱动右边变速轴齿轮22与其(动力传输轴3)相反方向转动。
向左转动主控主轴28输入增档指令中(该变速器的增档动作；驱动轮转速不变时，从动轮转速变高扭矩随之变小)：主控主轴28经主控齿轮30同时带动主控副轴29向右转(两者转动幅度相同)。主控主轴28推动与其连接的开关架33向左边移动，并带动主控开关50压向进步轮拨杆47而闭合通电；同时压缩复位弹簧72，以暂存主控主轴28传来的变速动力。主控副轴29推动与其连接的开关架33向右边移动，并带动主控开关51压向进步轮拨杆47而闭合通电；同时压缩复位弹簧72，以暂存主控副轴29传来的变速动力。当组合轮(驱动轮或从动轮)转到变速执行位时，该组合轮上的三角形磁铁43将与干簧管7或干簧管42相遇，并使相遇的干簧管(驱动轮是干簧管7，从动轮是干簧管42)闭合通电。主控开关50通过与其连接的闭合通电的干簧管7接通电源，而使相应的继电器98通电工作；主控开关51通过与其连接的闭合通电的干簧管42接通电源，而使相应的继电器97通电工作。通电工作的继电器98将触点闭合，使相应的电磁压盘49接通电源并工作；通电工作的继电器97将触点闭合，使相应的电磁压盘109接通电源并工作。电磁压盘109或电磁压盘49接通电源工作，将推动同组(附近、最近、同一组)的变速轴齿轮22与摩擦片36和离合座21接触；并使变速轴齿轮22带动同组(附近、最近、同一组)的摩擦片36和离合座21一起转动。变速主轴4所连接的离合座21的转动，将带动变速主轴4一起转动；变速副轴5所连接的离合座21的转动，将带动变速副轴5一起转动。变速主轴4的转动将通过螺纹的作用，推动与其(变速主轴4)以螺纹连接的2个进步轮20，做出向该轴中间方向移动的动作；该2个进步轮20通过与其连接的进步推杆13，推动驱动轮上的2个爪座61向轮盘8靠拢方向移动。变速副轴5的转动将通过螺纹的作用，推动与其(变速副轴5)以螺纹连接的2个进步轮20，各自 做出向所在轴端的端头方向移动的动作；该2个进步轮20通过与其连接的进步推杆13，推动从动轮上的2个爪座61向远离轮盘8的方向移动。所述中所有的进步推杆13，都是通过与其(进步推杆13)连接的变速爪推力轴承45的作用，与转动中的爪座61实现相互传递轴向动力。驱动轮上的2个爪座61通过5个爪杆46，分别推动与爪杆46连接的爪脚15和与该爪脚15连接的小齿轮轴11；以及该小齿轮轴11所连接的小齿轮轴座58、变位齿轮18、齿形链轮10、爪脚锁片17；沿着所处的变速孔16，做由轮盘8轴心向外缘方向的移动，使该齿圈的周长实现变大到相应的长度。同时，变位齿轮18经与其啮合连接的变位齿条19的作用；将其(变位齿轮18)沿变速孔16移动的动力转换出转动动力，驱使与变位齿轮18同组(小齿轮组)的小齿轮轴11和齿形链轮10以相应的幅度转动；齿形链轮10以该转动修正与齿形链9之间的齿错位，以及齿圈周长与齿形链9的长度差。从动轮上的2个爪座61通过5个爪杆46，分别推动与爪杆46连接的爪脚15和与该爪脚15连接的小齿轮轴11；以及该小齿轮轴11所连接的小齿轮轴座58、变位齿轮18、齿形链轮10、爪脚锁片17；沿着所处的变速孔16，做由轮盘8外缘向轴心方向的移动，使该齿圈的周长实现变小到相应的长度。同时，变位齿轮18经与其啮合连接的变位齿条19的作用；将其(变位齿轮18)沿变速孔16移动的动力转换出转动动力，驱使与该变位齿轮18同组(小齿轮组)的小齿轮轴11和齿形链轮10以相应的幅度转动；齿形链轮10以该转动修正与齿形链9之间的齿错位，以及齿圈周长与齿形链9的长度差。当驱动轮或从动轮转到变速执行位位置(每转动一圈就有一次变速执行位)，动力传输轴2上的三角形磁铁43，就会接近对应的干簧管7并使其(干簧管7)闭合，动力传输轴3上的三角形磁铁43，就会接近对应的干簧管42并使其(干簧管42)闭合，从而重复所述一系列的变档动作，直至进步轮拨杆47不再使主控开关50、主控开关51闭合。当三角形磁铁43随动力传输轴2、动力传输轴3转动到非变速执行位，干簧管7、干簧管42将断开电路。干簧管7、干簧管42断开电路将使相应的电磁压盘49、电磁压盘109停止工作(回到初始状态)，变速轴齿轮22与摩擦片36和离合座21为分离状态，此时增档动作终止且恢复到正常传动状态。主控开关50、主控开关51通过复位弹簧72，进行暂存主控主轴28做出的迅速和大幅度的动作；接着配合驱动轮和从动轮的转动圈数，进行多次有序的实施和完成整个变速动作。
向右转动主控主轴28输入降(减)档指令中(该变速器的降档动作；驱动轮转速不变时，从动轮转速变低扭矩随之变大)：主控主轴28经主控齿轮30同时带动主控副轴29向左转(两者转动幅度相同)。主控主轴28推动与其连接的开关架33向右边移动，并带动主控开关34压向进步轮拨杆47而闭合通电；同时压缩复位弹簧72，以暂存主控主轴28传来的变速动力。主控副轴29推动与其连接的开关架33向左边移动，并带动主控开关52压向进步轮拨杆47而闭合通电；同时压缩复位弹簧72，以暂存主控副轴29传来的变速动力。当组合轮(驱动轮或从动轮)转到变速执行位时，该组合轮上的三角形磁铁43将与干簧管7或干簧管42相遇，并使相遇的干簧管(驱动轮是干簧管7，从动轮是干簧管42)闭合通电。主控开关34通过与其连接的闭合通电的干簧管7接通电源，而使相应的继电器99通电工作；主控开关52通过与其连接的闭合通电的干簧管42接通电源，而使相应的继电器96通电工作。通电工作的继电器99将触点闭合，使相应的电磁压盘38接通电源并工作；通电工作的继电器96将触点闭合，使相应的电磁压盘110接通电源并工作。电磁压盘110或电磁压盘38接通电源工作，将推动同组(附近、最近、同一组)的变速轴齿轮22与摩擦片36和离合座21接触；并使变速轴齿轮22带动同组(附近、最近、同一组)的摩擦片36和离合座21一起转动。变速主轴4所连接的离合座21的转动，将带动变速主轴4一起转动；变速副轴5所连接的离合座21的转动，将带动变速副轴5一起转动。变速主轴4的转动将通过螺纹的作用，推动与其(变速副轴4)以螺纹连接的2个进步轮20，各自做出向所在轴端的端头方向移动的动作；该2个进步轮20通过与其连接的进步推杆13，推动驱动轮上的2个爪座61向远离轮盘8的方向移动。变速副轴5的转动将通过螺纹的作用，推动与其(变速副轴5)以螺纹连接的2个进 步轮20，做出向该轴中间移动的动作；该2个进步轮20通过与其连接的进步推杆13，推动从动轮上的2个爪座61向轮盘8靠拢方向移动。驱动轮上的2个爪座61通过5个爪杆46，分别推动与爪杆46连接的爪脚15和与该爪脚15连接的小齿轮轴11；以及该小齿轮轴11所连接的小齿轮轴座58、变位齿轮18、齿形链轮10、爪脚锁片17；沿着所处的变速孔16，做由轮盘8外缘向轴心方向的移动，使该齿圈的周长实现变小到相应的长度。同时，变位齿轮18经与其啮合连接的变位齿条19的作用；将其(变位齿轮18)沿变速孔16移动的动力转换出转动动力，驱使与其(变位齿轮18)同组(小齿轮组)的小齿轮轴11和齿形链轮10以相应的幅度转动；齿形链轮10以该转动修正与齿形链9之间的齿错位，以及齿圈周长与齿形链9的长度差。从动轮上的2个爪座61通过5个爪杆46，分别推动与爪杆46连接的爪脚15和与该爪脚15连接的小齿轮轴11；以及该小齿轮轴11所连接的小齿轮轴座58、变位齿轮18、齿形链轮10、爪脚锁片17；沿着所处的变速孔16，做由轮盘8轴心向外缘方向的移动，使该齿圈的周长实现变大到相应的长度。同时，变位齿轮18经与其啮合连接的变位齿条19的作用；将其(变位齿轮18)沿变速孔16移动的动力转换出转动动力，驱使与其(变位齿轮18)同组(小齿轮组)的小齿轮轴11和齿形链轮10以相应的幅度转动；齿形链轮10以该转动修正与齿形链9之间的齿错位，以及齿圈周长与齿形链9的长度差。当驱动轮或从动轮转到变速执行位位置(每转动一圈就有一次变速执行位)，动力传输轴2上的三角形磁铁43，就会接近对应的干簧管7并使其(干簧管7)闭合，动力传输轴3上的三角形磁铁43，就会接近对应的干簧管42并使其(干簧管42)闭合，从而重复所述一系列的变档动作，直至进步轮拨杆47不再使主控开关34、主控开关52闭合。当三角形磁铁43随动力传输轴2、动力传输轴3转动到非变速执行位，干簧管7、干簧管42将断开电路。干簧管7、干簧管42断开电路将使电磁压盘38、电磁压盘110停止工作(回到初始状态)，变速轴齿轮22与摩擦片36和离合座21为分离状态，此时增档动作终止且恢复到正常传动状态。主控开关34、主控开关52通过复位弹簧72，进行暂存主控主轴28做出的迅速和大幅度的动作；接着配合驱动轮和从动轮的转动圈数，进行多次有序的实施和完成整个变速动作。
变速主轴4和变速副轴5的两端螺纹为相反。所以变速主轴4和变速副轴5的转动能使该轴上的2个进步轮20移动方向相反。
所述中，电磁压盘所推动的变速轴齿轮22，是指电磁压盘工作后，以电磁压盘的顶桶31推动变速轴齿轮22。电磁压盘是环形的，中孔供变速主轴4或变速副轴5通过，中孔壁与变速主轴4或变速副轴5不相触。所述的电磁压盘是电磁压盘38、电磁压盘49、电磁压盘109和电磁压盘110的统称。
在变速中(变速轴齿轮经摩擦片与离合座带动变速主轴4和变速副轴5转动时)，变速主轴4和变速副轴5的转动扭力大于阻力器6的阻力，变速主轴4和变速副轴5可以转动。
在非变速中(变速轴齿轮、摩擦片与离合座为分离状态时)，阻力器6能阻止变速主轴4和变速副轴5由非变速作用而引起的转动；或者在变速中过了变速执行位，阻力器6吸收掉变速主轴4和变速副轴5的转动惯性，并阻止变速主轴4和变速副轴5继续转动。阻力器6中的刹车始终保持有效的阻转阻力。
所述的小齿轮10为固形齿轮；该固形齿轮是指：有固形和固定的轮齿(齿牙)的齿轮；小齿轮10也就是本实施例中的齿形链轮10。所述的齿位，是指小齿轮10的轮齿(齿牙)在齿圈中的位置；小齿轮10以自转，使该小齿轮10的轮齿在齿圈中的位置，跟着其(小齿轮10)转动而产生相应的变化。所述的正视图和侧视图只是为了便于表述，不是绝对视觉方向。所述的技术要求中，可存在现有技术上无法抗拒的偏差，这些偏差是很少或不会影响本发明的目的性能。
实施例中：采用齿形链轮10与齿形链9啮合传动，在运行中驱动轮和从动轮，始终处在普通的齿形链轮10与齿形链9啮合传动关系；驱动轮和从动轮之间，可在高传动效率下进 行大扭矩传动。在运行中该变速器的所有部件，都可以简单地做到需要的平衡；该变速器可在高转速中平顺和高效运行(变速和传动)。驱动轮和从动轮之间的动力不脱离的状态下，2者的齿圈在设定的范围内可以连续调出任意周长比；使驱动轮和从动轮之间可连续调出，设定范围内的任意扭矩比和对应的转速比。驱动轮和从动轮之间的转速比和扭矩比变化动作，也等于所述的增档和降档动作(驱动轮齿圈的变大和从动轮齿圈的变小，将使驱动轮原转速和扭矩下，从动轮转速变高扭矩变小；驱动轮齿圈的变小和从动轮齿圈的变大，将使驱动轮原转速和扭矩下，从动轮转速变低扭矩变大)。本发明达到了预期的目的。
所述所展示的实施例，仅是对本发明的主要特征及原理下实现的描述，不是唯一实现本发明技术特征仅有的可行实施办法；不能作为判定是否侵权的唯一依据。
实施例中，传动齿轮是有多个齿形链轮10拼组成的非绝对圆形轮，转动中会存在微小的转波。连接该变速器的连接中，可加入弹性连接进行消除；如传统的摩擦式离合器，离合片中就有该功能的减震弹簧。
所述的轴向是指以动力传输轴为轴的轴向，也是与动力传输轴平行的轴的轴向。所述的可滑动连接也就是滑动传动连接。
实施例中，因电磁压盘的物理动作滞后，可以根据组合轮的转速设置电磁压盘提前角，该提前角可以采用信号器(三角形磁铁43或干簧管)的位置偏移，也可以是电路的迟缓设置来实现。在动力传输轴与轮盘8的连接处，可以设置一个“键”以增强抗扭力能力；在动力传输轴与爪座61之间，可以设置“键”与“槽”来阻止爪座61在动力传输轴上转动，但不影响爪座61在动力传输轴上的轴向滑动。
在小齿轮组中，小齿轮可以与小齿轮轴为一体或者小齿轮通过间接连接在小齿轮轴上，该小齿轮组中的轴状部分也属于是本发明所述的小齿轮轴。

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  1. 一种变速器，在外壳中，驱动轮经传动带与从动轮连接，以驱动轮接收外部动力输入，经传动带将该动力传递给从动轮并由从动轮输出动力；通过改变驱动轮和从动轮的转速比进行变速，其特征是：在该变速器中有2个组合轮，其中，一个组合轮为驱动轮一个组合轮为从动轮；驱动轮中的变速爪经滑动件(轴承)连接进步推杆，进步推杆连接有进步轮，进步轮连接变速主轴；从动轮中的变速爪经滑动件(轴承)连接进步推杆，进步推杆连接有进步轮，进步轮连接变速副轴；驱动轮和从动轮中都设置有齿圈(传动齿轮)；传动带安装在驱动轮和从动轮的传动齿轮(齿圈)上，传动带与驱动轮和从动轮的传动齿轮(齿圈)啮合连接；以改变驱动轮中的传动齿轮(齿圈)与从动轮中的传动齿轮(齿圈)的周长比，实现改变驱动轮与从动轮的转速比；齿圈中设置有可移动轮齿方位的小齿轮；齿圈中设置有能自转的小齿轮；以推动在齿圈中的小齿轮进行自转，实现齿圈的轮齿在齿圈上移动方位；在变速时以推动齿圈中小齿轮做自转动作，实现调节传动带在该齿圈中的小齿轮与小齿轮间的长度；在变速执行位中进行变速动作；变速爪12与进步推杆13之间有可滑动的连接；以传动带与驱动轮和从动轮中的齿圈啮合连接，实现驱动轮与从动轮相互传递动力；驱动轮和从动轮之间设置有传动带与固形齿轮啮合的连接和动力连接；设置有由多个小齿轮环形阵列而成，并能在工作(转动)中被控制周长和移动齿位的齿圈；拼组成齿圈的小齿轮设置为能自转，该小齿轮经小齿轮轴连接变位齿轮；变位齿轮啮合连接有被固定位置的变位齿条；变位齿轮通过所啮合连接的变位齿条，在直线移动中获取自转的动力并自转；变位齿轮通过小齿轮轴将转动动力及转动幅度传递给小齿轮；设置有能在轮盘中做该轮盘的径向移动的小齿轮组；设置有侦测变速区的信号器；轮盘上有环形阵列的变速孔；设置有不同周长的变位齿轮；小齿轮组与变速爪和动力传输轴和轮盘的连接中，有将动作和动力改变方向作用的三角形力连接；设置有驱动轮电路和从动轮电路；有周长可变和可啮合的固定齿状的齿圈；有不改变齿形就可与传动带正常啮合的齿圈和小齿轮；有能自转的小齿轮轴和小齿轮以及变位齿轮；有消除变速主轴和变速副轴的惯性的阻力器；变速器中设置有轮体、小齿轮组、变速爪、进步轮、开关架、变速主轴、变速副轴、主控主轴、主控副轴、进步推杆、变位齿条和能与小齿轮啮合的传动带等主要部件；设置有根据驱动轮和从动轮的转速配置执行变速开启度数；所述的传动齿轮也就是所述的齿圈；齿圈由多个小齿轮环形阵列而成，齿圈经小齿轮轴以及小齿轮轴座与轮体连接；齿圈中的小齿轮为固形齿轮(固形和固定的轮齿(齿牙)的齿轮)；工作中小齿轮组以所在组合轮的动力传输轴为轴心转动；所述的动力传输轴为动力传输轴2或动力传输轴3。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：组合轮由一个轮体以每组变速孔中都连接一组小齿轮组，该轮体的动力传输轴两端分别套一个变速爪，每端的变速爪的多个爪杆经爪杆销分别与小齿轮组对应端的爪脚连接，变位齿条固定在轮盘上并与小齿轮组中的变位齿轮啮合而成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：变位齿轮与固定在组合轮中的变位齿条啮合，使变位齿轮在做有轮盘的径向因素移动中，获取转动动力并通过小齿轮轴带动小齿轮做自转动作。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：进步轮与变速主轴和变速副轴以螺纹相连接，变速主轴和变速副轴经螺纹因素的作用推动进步轮移动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：开关架与主控主轴和主控副轴以螺纹连接，主控主轴和主控副轴通过螺纹因素的作用推动开关架移动。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：齿圈为驱动轮和从动轮的传动件，位于驱动轮和从动轮中。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：在小齿轮中设置有固形齿，小齿轮为有固形齿 的齿轮。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：组合轮中有轮体连接多组小齿轮组和多个变位齿条和变速爪，变速爪套在动力传输轴上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：设置有在设置范围内的任意周长变化中，仍然与传动带准确啮合的且有固形齿的齿圈。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征是：齿圈以该齿圈中的小齿轮与传动带连接。
PCT/CN2017/000127 2015-07-30 2017-01-22 一种变速器 Ceased WO2018018850A1 (zh)

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