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WO2018001355A1 - Acier coulé faiblement allié, son procédé de traitement thermique et son utilisation dans l'industrie ferroviaire - Google Patents

Acier coulé faiblement allié, son procédé de traitement thermique et son utilisation dans l'industrie ferroviaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018001355A1
WO2018001355A1 PCT/CN2017/091074 CN2017091074W WO2018001355A1 WO 2018001355 A1 WO2018001355 A1 WO 2018001355A1 CN 2017091074 W CN2017091074 W CN 2017091074W WO 2018001355 A1 WO2018001355 A1 WO 2018001355A1
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cast steel
alloy cast
low alloy
low
total weight
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/091074
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
文超
张俊新
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CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
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CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of alloy steel, relates to a low alloy cast steel and a heat treatment method thereof, and particularly relates to a novel low alloy cast steel suitable for preparing railway locomotive vehicle parts and a heat treatment method thereof.
  • CN101880838A patent proposes a technical scheme for a new type of cast steel composition.
  • the performance index that the program can achieve is: tensile strength ⁇ 910 MPa, yield strength ⁇ 760 MPa, elongation ⁇ 14%, and area shrinkage ⁇ 30%.
  • the actual carbon equivalent of the technical scheme ranges from 0.80 to 0.83.
  • the maximum carbon equivalent of the E-grade steel widely used in China is ⁇ 0.81, and the average value is controlled at about 0.70. This will inevitably lead to poor soldering repair due to the increase of carbon equivalent;
  • the technical scheme uses high content of manganese to improve the strength and hardenability, but when the manganese in the casting exceeds 1.2%, the composition segregation of the casting is likely to be intensified. Affect the consistency of casting performance.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel low-alloy cast steel which, after heat treatment, obtains mechanical performance requirements of E-grade cast steel superior to American Railway Association Standard M-201-05, and has strong weldability.
  • a low alloy cast steel the components thereof and their weight percentages relative to the total weight of the low alloy cast steel are as follows: carbon 0.20% to 0.30%, silicon 0.20% to 0.40%, Manganese 0.95% to 1.05%, phosphorus ⁇ 0.020%, sulfur ⁇ 0.020%, chromium 0.45% to 0.55%, nickel 0.50% to 0.60%, molybdenum 0.35% to 0.45%, aluminum 0.02% to 0.06%, ⁇ 0.01% to 0.05 %, copper ⁇ 0.20%, and must meet 0.03% ⁇ aluminum + ⁇ ⁇ 0.09%; the balance is iron and other unavoidable elements.
  • a heat treatment method for the above low alloy cast steel includes first performing a normalizing treatment and then performing a quenching and tempering treatment.
  • the above low alloy cast steel is used for preparing a railway locomotive The use of cast parts.
  • a railway rolling stock casting component is produced using the above low alloy cast steel.
  • the carbon equivalent can be controlled from 0.62% to 0.79%, and further optimized to 0.65% to 0.71%.
  • the low-alloy cast steel of the invention adopts the idea of adding a small amount of a small amount, and the main added reinforcing elements are carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and selecting a suitable ratio thereof, can improve the hardness and toughness of the low alloy cast steel.
  • the microstructure of the obtained steel casting after heat treatment is substantially tempered sorbite.
  • the addition of the alloying elements aluminum and lanthanum and the selection of the appropriate ratio can effectively inhibit the austenite grain growth during the casting process, refine the grains, strengthen the matrix and improve the hardenability of the steel casting.
  • the grain size of the low alloy cast steel of the present invention is about 8 grades.
  • the additional action of the alloying element aluminum can be used for deoxidation.
  • the mechanical properties are as follows: tensile strength ⁇ 931 MPa, yield strength ⁇ 793 MPa, elongation ⁇ 14%, reduction of area ⁇ 30%, Charpy V of -40 ° C Type impact energy ⁇ 35J, hardness range is 288HBW ⁇ 325HBW. Further optimization, the elongation can be increased to ⁇ 15%.
  • the present invention maintains the carbon equivalent without increasing the strength of the E-grade steel, and also improves the impact toughness.
  • the low alloy cast steel of the invention can be generally used for the preparation of railway rolling stock parts, such as the hook body, the knuckle, the hook frame, etc., and can also be used for other parts with the same mechanical performance requirements.
  • FIG. 1 is a picture showing a 100-fold magnification of a metallographic structure of a low-alloy cast steel of the present invention after normalizing treatment and quenching and tempering treatment.
  • a low alloy cast steel characterized in that each component and its weight percentage relative to the total weight of the low alloy cast steel are as follows: carbon 0.20% to 0.30%, silicon 0.20% to 0.40%, manganese 0.95% to 1.05%, phosphorus ⁇ 0.020%, sulfur ⁇ 0.020%, chromium 0.45% to 0.55%, nickel 0.50% to 0.60%, molybdenum 0.35% to 0.45%, aluminum 0.02% to 0.06%, ⁇ 0.01% to 0.05% , copper ⁇ 0.20%, and must meet 0.03% ⁇ aluminum + ⁇ ⁇ 0.09%; the balance is iron and other inevitable elements.
  • the low-alloy cast steel according to claim 1 characterized in that the weight percentage of carbon is 0.23% to 0.29%, 0.24% to 0.28%, or 0.25 with respect to the total weight of the low alloy cast steel. % to 0.27%, or 0.24% to 0.26%.
  • the low alloy cast steel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein It is characterized in that the weight percentage of sulfur is ⁇ 0.017%, or ⁇ 0.014%, or ⁇ 0.012%, or ⁇ 0.010%, relative to the total weight of the low alloy cast steel.
  • the low-alloy cast steel according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the carbon equivalent CE is between 0.62% and 0.79%, or between 0.65% and 0.71%, or Between 0.66% and 0.71%, or between 0.67% and 0.68%, The carbon equivalent is calculated according to the following formula: CE C + (Mn + Si) / 6 + (Cr + Mo + V) / 5 + (Ni + Cu) / 15.
  • the low-alloy cast steel according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is not subjected to normalizing treatment and quenching and tempering treatment.
  • the low-alloy cast steel according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it has been subjected to normalizing treatment and quenching and tempering treatment.
  • the method of heat treatment of a low-alloy cast steel according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it comprises a normalizing treatment and then a quenching and tempering treatment.
  • the heat treatment method according to claim 16, wherein the normalizing treatment comprises heating the low alloy cast steel to 920 ° C to 940 ° C, preferably 925 to 935 ° C, for 2 to 5 hours of heat preservation. Preferably, it is 3 to 4 hours, and then air-cooled to room temperature.
  • the heat treatment method according to claim 16, wherein the quenching treatment in the quenching and tempering treatment comprises heating the low alloy cast steel to 900 ° C to 920 ° C, preferably 910 ° C, and holding the heat 2 5 hours, preferably 3 to 4 hours, and then cooled in water, the temperature of the water is 20 ° C ⁇ 40 ° C.
  • tempering in the quenching and tempering treatment comprises heating the quenched low alloy cast steel to 590 ° C to 610 ° C, preferably 600 ° C, and holding the heat for 3 ⁇ . 5 hours, preferably 3.5 to 4 hours, and then air-cooled to room temperature.
  • the component is a coupler hook body, a knuckle, a hook frame or other components having the same mechanical performance requirements.
  • the invention relates to a cast part of a railway rolling stock according to claim 22, which is characterized in that it is a hook body, a knuckle, a hook frame or other parts having the same mechanical performance requirements.
  • the inevitable impurities described in this application refer to impurities that cannot be completely smelted and removed in scrap steel or ore during smelting, such as As, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi and other trace elements.
  • the content of these elements usually needs to be controlled. As ⁇ 0.01%, Sn ⁇ 0.01%, Pb ⁇ 0.01%, Sb ⁇ 0.01%, Bi ⁇ 0.01%, if these elements are too high, it will have a certain adverse effect on the toughness properties in the product.
  • the smelting process can be carried out using conventional heating equipment such as a power frequency, an intermediate frequency furnace or an electric arc furnace which are commonly used in the art, and the main purpose is to obtain the required components and ratios, and to minimize other harmful elements in the steel. Reduce impurities.
  • Suitable hot working forming (for example, casting, etc., may be carried out according to a conventional method) depending on the final product.
  • the heat treatment after hot working forming includes normalizing treatment and quenching and tempering treatment.
  • the low-alloy cast steel of the invention comprises not only low-alloy cast steel which has not been subjected to normalizing treatment and quenching and tempering treatment, but also low-alloy cast steel which has been subjected to normalizing treatment and quenching and tempering treatment, and after casting, after heat treatment use.
  • the mechanical properties of the low alloy cast steel which have been subjected to normalizing treatment and quenching and tempering treatment according to the present invention are as follows: tensile strength ⁇ 931 MPa, yield strength ⁇ 793 MPa, elongation ⁇ 14%, reduction of area ⁇ 30%, -40 ° C Charpy V-type impact energy ⁇ 35J, hardness range is 288HBW ⁇ 325HBW.
  • the mechanical properties are determined based on the A.A.R standard American Railroad Association standard.
  • the hardenability test was performed in accordance with the requirements of ASTM Standard A255, wherein the hardness of J13 represents the hardness at 13 mm from the water quenched end face.
  • the component contents are all based on their weight percentages.
  • a low alloy cast steel is obtained, the weight percentage of each component and its total weight relative to the low alloy cast steel is as follows: carbon 0.25%, silicon 0.31%, manganese 0.98 %, phosphorus 0.015%, sulfur 0.012%, chromium 0.47%, nickel 0.55%, molybdenum 0.40%, copper 0.07%, aluminum 0.03%, ⁇ 0.03%, aluminum + ⁇ 0.06%, balance and other unavoidable elements .
  • the carbon equivalent is 0.68.
  • the heat treatment includes first normalizing treatment and then quenching and tempering.
  • the normalizing process is to heat the low alloy cast steel to 940 ° C for 4 hours, and then air-cooled.
  • the quenching and tempering process is to heat the low alloy cast steel to 910 ° C for 3 hours, and then perform water quenching at a water temperature of 25 ° C; then the quenched steel castings are heated to 600 ° C for 3.5 hours, and then cooled to room temperature in air. .
  • the obtained metallographic structure is basically tempered sorbite, and the metallographic structure photograph thereof is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • a typical tempered sorbite metallographic morphology can be seen from Figures 1 and 2.
  • the mechanical properties of the low alloy cast steel were tested and found to be: tensile strength 996 MPa, yield strength 879 MPa, elongation 17.5%, section shrinkage 51%, and -40 °C Charpy V-type impact work (average ) 56J, hardness 298 HBW.
  • the hardness at J13 is 38 HRC.
  • the low alloy cast steel was prepared in substantially the same manner as the preparation and treatment process described in Example 1.
  • the specific components and contents and carbon equivalents are shown in Table 1, wherein the content is the weight percentage relative to the total weight of the low alloy cast steel (%) weight).
  • the corresponding mechanical properties and hardness at J13 are shown in Table 2 below:
  • the mechanical properties of the low-alloy cast steel of the present invention after the heat treatment according to the present invention are as follows: tensile strength ⁇ 931 MPa, yield strength ⁇ 793 MPa, elongation ⁇ 14%, The section shrinkage rate is ⁇ 30%, the Charpy V-type impact energy of -40°C is ⁇ 35J, and the hardness range is 288HBW ⁇ 325HBW. Its performance is better than The American Railroad Association standard M-201-05 has the mechanical properties of E-grade cast steel and has strong weldability.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un acier coulé faiblement allié, les composants de l'acier coulé faiblement allié et les pourcentages en poids de ceux-ci par rapport au poids total de l'acier coulé faiblement allié étant les suivants : de 0,20 à 0,30 % de carbone, de 0,20 à 0,40 % de silicium, de 0,95 à 1,05 % de manganèse, moins de 0,020 % de phosphore, 0,020 % de soufre ou moins, de 0,45 à 0,55 % de chrome, de 0,50 à 0,60 % de nickel, de 0,35 à 0,45 % de molybdène, de 0,02 à 0,06 % d'aluminium, de 0,01 à 0,05 % de niobium et 0,20 % de cuivre ou moins, la condition 0,03 % ≤ aluminium + niobium ≤ 0,09 % devant être satisfaite, et le reste devant être constitué de fer et d'autres éléments inévitables. Les propriétés de l'acier coulé faiblement allié ayant subi un traitement de normalisation et un traitement de revenu sont les suivantes : une résistance à la traction supérieure ou égale à 931 MPa, une limite d'élasticité supérieure ou égale à 793 MPa, un allongement supérieur ou égal à 14 %, une réduction de surface supérieure ou égale à 30 %, une résilience supérieure ou égale à 35 J lors d'un essai de choc Charpy à -40 °C et une plage de dureté de 288 à 325 HBW. L'acier coulé faiblement allié présente une soudabilité supérieure et peut être utilisé de manière générale dans la fabrication de pièces pour engins ferroviaires (locomotives), telles qu'un corps de coupleur de voiture, une rotule de coupleur et un étrier de coupleur, et il peut également être utilisé pour d'autres pièces ayant des exigences de propriétés mécaniques équivalentes.
PCT/CN2017/091074 2016-06-30 2017-06-30 Acier coulé faiblement allié, son procédé de traitement thermique et son utilisation dans l'industrie ferroviaire Ceased WO2018001355A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CN201610515278.1 2016-06-30
CN201610515278.1A CN106011668A (zh) 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 一种低合金铸钢及其热处理方法和在铁路行业的应用

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CN114774651A (zh) * 2022-04-18 2022-07-22 营口中车型钢新材料有限公司 一种铁路承重用YZ25SiMnMoV扁钢的热处理设计

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CN113789472B (zh) * 2018-05-16 2022-11-29 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 合金铸钢、其制作方法及应用
CN110453134A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2019-11-15 山东钢铁股份有限公司 一种高强韧性机车钩尾框用钢及其制备方法
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RU2755711C1 (ru) * 2020-08-27 2021-09-20 РЕЙЛ 1520 АйПи ЛТД Литой корпус сцепки железнодорожного подвижного состава
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CN121109896A (zh) * 2025-09-12 2025-12-12 郑州煤机格林材料科技有限公司 一种低合金液压支架用铸钢及其制备方法和焊接工艺

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