WO2018062328A1 - 光学用ポリエステルフィルム及び透明導電性フィルム - Google Patents
光学用ポリエステルフィルム及び透明導電性フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/199—Acids or hydroxy compounds containing cycloaliphatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/60—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from the reaction of a mixture of hydroxy carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
- C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/044—Forming conductive coatings; Forming coatings having anti-static properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/046—Forming abrasion-resistant coatings; Forming surface-hardening coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/048—Forming gas barrier coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/302—Conductive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2405/00—Adhesive articles, e.g. adhesive tapes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2475/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2475/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2475/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical polyester film and a transparent conductive film.
- General-purpose PET has excellent properties such as mechanical properties, dimensional stability, transparency, and heat resistance, and is therefore used as a base film in many applications such as packaging materials. Particularly in recent years, demand for various optical films such as flat panel displays and transparent conductive films is increasing.
- Patent Document 1 cannot sufficiently suppress the interference color when assembled as a liquid crystal display, and there is still room for improvement.
- a base film using a cycloolefin polymer such a base film can provide good optical properties, but has a low surface activity and poor adhesion to various coatings.
- an optical film having good physical properties such as optical physical properties and adhesiveness has not been obtained.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide an optical polyester film and a transparent conductive film excellent in transparency, heat resistance, optical properties, and adhesion. To do.
- the present inventors not only exhibit excellent heat resistance and optical properties by using a polyester resin containing a specific alicyclic structure as a structural unit.
- the inventors have found that the adhesion to various coatings is also improved, and have completed the present invention.
- a base material comprising a polyester resin containing a unit (A) represented by the following general formula (1); At least one functional layer selected from the group consisting of a hard coat layer, a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, a gas barrier layer, and an adhesive layer, disposed on at least one surface of the substrate;
- An optical polyester film having:
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom
- CH 3 or C 2 H 5 R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or CH 3
- n is 0 or 1.
- [2] The optical polyester film according to [1], wherein n in the general formula (1) is 1.
- [3] The optical polyester film according to [1] or [2], wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 in the general formula (1) are hydrogen atoms.
- [4] The optical polyester film according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the polyester resin satisfies the following (1) to (3). (1)
- the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin is 100 ° C. or higher.
- a transparent conductive film comprising the optical polyester film according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the functional layer includes a transparent conductive layer.
- an optical polyester film and a transparent conductive film excellent in transparency, heat resistance, optical physical properties, and adhesion it is possible to provide an optical polyester film and a transparent conductive film excellent in transparency, heat resistance, optical physical properties, and adhesion.
- the present embodiment a mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “the present embodiment”) will be described in detail.
- the following embodiments are examples for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the following contents.
- the present invention can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the gist thereof.
- the optical polyester film of this embodiment includes a base material composed of a polyester resin containing a unit (A) represented by the following general formula (1), and a hard coat layer disposed on at least one surface of the base material And at least one functional layer selected from the group consisting of a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, a gas barrier layer, and an adhesive layer.
- A a unit represented by the following general formula (1)
- a hard coat layer disposed on at least one surface of the base material
- at least one functional layer selected from the group consisting of a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, a gas barrier layer, and an adhesive layer.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, CH 3 or C 2 H 5 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or CH 3 , and n is 0 or 1. .
- the optical polyester film of this embodiment is comprised as mentioned above, it is excellent in transparency, heat resistance, optical physical property, and adhesiveness.
- excellent in heat resistance means that the glass transition temperature (Tg) measured by the method described in Examples described later is sufficiently high, and “excellent in optical characteristics”. It means that the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient measured by the method described in the examples described later is sufficiently low.
- film is a concept including both “film” and “sheet” that can be strictly distinguished by their thickness.
- the base material in this embodiment is comprised from the said polyester resin.
- the polyester resin in the present embodiment includes a unit (A) represented by the general formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “unit (A)”), and is composed of only the unit (A).
- the diol unit (B) hereinafter also referred to as “unit (B)”
- the dicarboxylic acid or ester-forming derivative unit (C) hereinafter referred to as “the homopolymer”. It can also be a copolymer containing "unit (C)").
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or CH 3
- R 2 and R 3 are preferably a hydrogen atom.
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 in the general formula (1) are hydrogen atoms.
- n is preferably 1 from the viewpoint of further improving the heat resistance.
- the content of the structural unit (A) with respect to all the structural units of the polyester resin is preferably 10 to 95 mol%.
- the content is 10 mol% or more, sufficiently good heat resistance and optical characteristics tend to be obtained.
- the said content is 95 mol% or less, since moldability can be improved, ensuring favorable heat resistance and an optical characteristic, it is preferable.
- the content of the unit (A) is more preferably 15 to 95 mol%, and further preferably 20 to 95 mol%.
- the structural unit (B) is not particularly limited as long as it is a unit derived from diol, and specific examples thereof include ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,3-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,2-decahydronaphthalenediethanol, 1,3-decahydronaphthalenediethanol, 1,4-decahydronaphthalene diethanol, 1,5-decahydronaphthalene diethanol, 1,6-decahydronaphthalene diethanol, 2,7-decahydronaphthalene diethanol, tetralin dimethanol, norbornane dimethanol, tricyclode Dimethanol, pentacyclopentadecane dimethanol, norbornanediol, cyclohexanedio
- the structural unit (B) is preferably a unit derived from an aliphatic diol or a diol having a cardo structure because good optical properties can be obtained.
- units derived from such aliphatic diols include 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, ethylene glycol, 3,9-bis (1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl) -2,4,8,10- More preferred are units derived from tetraoxaspiro [5.5] undecane, 1,4: 3,6-dianhydro-D-sorbitol.
- the units derived from a diol having a cardo structure include 9,9-bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -3-methyl. More preferred are units derived from phenyl] fluorene, 9,9-bis [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -3-phenylphenyl] fluorene.
- optical isomers may be any of a cis isomer, a trans isomer, and a mixture thereof, and are not particularly limited.
- the above-mentioned units may be included alone or in combination of two or more.
- the structural unit (C) is not particularly limited as long as it is a unit derived from dicarboxylic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof. Specific examples thereof include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and 1,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid.
- 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2-methylterephthalic acid, biphenyldicarboxylic acid, tetralindicarboxylic acid and other aromatics Structural units derived from dicarboxylic acids and / or derivatives thereof; succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, decanedicarboxylic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, decalin dicarboxylic acid, Norbornane dicarboxylic acid, tricyclo Candicarboxylic acid, pentacyclododecanedicarboxylic acid, 3,9-bis (1,1-dimethyl-2-carboxyethyl) -2
- the structural unit (C) is preferably a unit derived from an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof, or a dicarboxylic acid having a cardo structure or an ester-forming derivative thereof because good optical properties can be obtained.
- a unit derived from an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof a unit derived from dimethyl 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate is more preferable from the viewpoint of physical properties balance between transparency, heat resistance and optical properties.
- the unit derived from a dicarboxylic acid having a cardo structure or an ester-forming derivative thereof is 9,9-bis (methoxycarbonylmethyl) fluorene, from the viewpoint of balance of physical properties between transparency, heat resistance and optical properties, More preferred are units derived from 9,9-bis (methoxycarbonylethyl) fluorene and 9,9-bis (methoxycarbonylpropyl) fluorene.
- optical isomers may be any of a cis isomer, a trans isomer, and a mixture thereof, and are not particularly limited.
- the above-mentioned units may be included alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polyester resin may contain other units such as a hydroxyl group and a carboxylic acid or its ester-forming derivative unit (A1) in addition to the units (A) to (C).
- the unit (A1) is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include oxyacids such as glycolic acid, lactic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid, 4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and the like. And / or a unit derived from a derivative thereof.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin is not particularly limited as long as it has the effect of the present embodiment, but is preferably 90 ° C. or more, more preferably It is 95 degreeC or more, More preferably, it is 100 degreeC or more.
- the Tg can be measured by the method described in Examples described later.
- the Tg can be adjusted to the above range by appropriately adjusting the copolymerization ratio of the raw material monomer of the polyester resin, for example.
- the crystallization heat generation amount when the polyester resin is cooled is not particularly limited as long as it has the effect of the present embodiment, but is preferably 5 J / g or less, more preferably. Is 1 J / g or less, more preferably 0.3 J / g or less.
- the amount of crystallization heat generated when the temperature is lowered can be measured by the method described in Examples described later.
- the crystallization heat generation amount at the time of cooling can be adjusted to the above range by appropriately adjusting the copolymerization ratio of the raw material monomer of the polyester resin, for example.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient of the optical film made of a polyester resin is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present embodiment is obtained, but preferably 40 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12. Pa ⁇ 1 or less, more preferably 35 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 Pa ⁇ 1 or less, and even more preferably 30 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 Pa ⁇ 1 or less.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient can be measured by the method described in Examples described later.
- the absolute value of the photoelastic coefficient can be adjusted to the above range, for example, by appropriately adjusting the copolymerization ratio of the raw material monomer of the copolyester resin.
- polyester resin in the present embodiment, known antioxidants, mold release agents, ultraviolet absorbers, fluidity modifiers, crystal nucleating agents, reinforcing agents, dyes, antistatic agents, antibacterial agents, etc. It is preferable to add these additives.
- the polyester resin in the present embodiment can be obtained by homopolymerizing the unit (A) and by copolymerizing the monomers corresponding to the units (A) to (C).
- a method for producing a monomer corresponding to the unit (A) will be described.
- Such a monomer is represented, for example, by the following general formula (2).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or CH 3
- X is a hydrogen atom or carbon It is a hydrocarbon group which may contain a hydroxyl group of several 4 or less.
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or CH 3
- R 2 and R 3 are preferably a hydrogen atom.
- the hydrocarbon group include, but are not limited to, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a vinyl group, a 2-hydroxyethyl group, and a 4-hydroxybutyl group.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) in this embodiment can be synthesized by using, for example, the route represented by the following formula (I) using dicyclopentadiene or cyclopentadiene and an olefin having a functional group as a raw material. .
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, CH 3 or C 2 H 5 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or CH 3 , and X is a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 4 or less. Which may contain a hydroxyl group of
- the monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (4) can be produced, for example, by performing a Diels-Alder reaction between an olefin having a functional group and dicyclopentadiene.
- olefin having a functional group used in the Diels-Alder reaction include, but are not limited to, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, vinyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid-2 -Hydroxyethyl, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, vinyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate Crotonic acid, methyl crotonic acid, ethyl crotonic acid, 3-methylcrotonic acid, methyl 3-methylcrotonate, ethyl 3-methylcrotonate and the like.
- Preferred olefins include methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, methacrylate.
- Acid-2-hydroxyethyl, acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, include 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate may be mentioned as preferred olefin.
- examples of the olefin having a functional group used for the Diels-Alder reaction include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrolein, and methacrolein.
- monoolefins represented by the general formula (4 ′) can be produced via the routes shown in the following formulas (II) and (III).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or CH 3 )
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or CH 3 )
- the dicyclopentadiene used for the Diels-Alder reaction preferably has a high purity, and it is preferable to reduce the content of butadiene, isoprene and the like.
- the purity of dicyclopentadiene is preferably 90% or more, and more preferably 95% or more. Further, since dicyclopentadiene tends to depolymerize under heating conditions to form cyclopentadiene (so-called monocyclopentadiene), it is also possible to use cyclopentadiene instead of dicyclopentadiene.
- the monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (4) is substantially a monoolefin having 8 to 16 carbon atoms represented by the following general formula (7) (the first stage Diels-Alder reaction product).
- Dienophile Dienophile
- the second stage Diels-Alder reaction is considered to produce a monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (4).
- the monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms represented by the formula (4) is appropriately controlled by appropriately controlling the reaction conditions of the first stage Diels-Alder reaction.
- a monoolefin having 8 to 16 carbon atoms represented by the formula (7) can be selectively obtained.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, CH 3 or C 2 H 5
- R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or CH 3
- X represents a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 4 or less.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 130 ° C. or higher.
- the reaction temperature is preferably less than 180 ° C. In any case, it is preferable to perform the reaction at a temperature of 250 ° C. or lower in order to suppress the by-product of the high boiling substance.
- reaction solvents such as aliphatic hydrocarbons having 6 or more carbon atoms, cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, mesitylene, propanol, butanol, etc. preferable. If necessary, it may be added to AlCl 3 or the like known catalysts.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or CH 3
- X is a hydrogen atom or carbon (It is a hydrocarbon group which may contain a hydroxyl group of several 4 or less.)
- the reaction method of the Diels-Alder reaction is a batch system using a tank reactor, a semi-batch system in which a substrate or a substrate solution is supplied to a tank reactor under reaction conditions, and a substrate type under a reaction condition in a tube reactor. It is possible to adopt various reaction methods such as a continuous flow method for distributing the gas.
- the reaction product obtained by the Diels-Alder reaction can be used as a raw material for the next hydroformylation reaction as it is, but may be used for the next step after being purified by a method such as distillation, extraction or crystallization.
- bifunctional compound having 14 to 22 carbon atoms represented by (3) in formula (I) is, for example, a monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (4) and carbon monoxide.
- hydrogen gas can be produced by a hydroformylation reaction in the presence of a rhodium compound or an organophosphorus compound.
- the rhodium compound used in the hydroformylation reaction may be a compound that forms a complex with an organic phosphorus compound and exhibits hydroformylation activity in the presence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the form of the precursor is not particularly limited. .
- rhodium acetylacetonate dicarbonyl hereinafter referred to as Rh (acac) (CO) 2
- Rh 2 O 3 Rh 4 (CO) 12
- Rh 6 (CO) 16 Rh (NO 3 ) 3, etc.
- the catalyst precursor may be introduced into the reaction mixture together with the organophosphorus compound to form a rhodium metal hydridocarbonyl phosphorus complex having catalytic activity in the reaction vessel.
- a rhodium metal hydridocarbonyl phosphorus complex may be prepared in advance. It may be introduced into the reactor.
- Rh (acac) (CO) 2 is reacted with an organophosphorus compound in the presence of a solvent, and then introduced into a reactor together with an excess of organophosphorus compound, and a rhodium-organophosphorus complex having catalytic activity and The method of doing is mentioned.
- a two-stage Diels-Alder reaction product having an internal olefin having a relatively large molecular weight represented by the general formula (4) is hydroformylated with a very small amount of rhodium catalyst.
- the amount of rhodium compound used in the hydroformylation reaction is preferably 0.1 to 60 micromoles per 1 mol of a monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (4) which is a substrate for the hydroformylation reaction. 0.1 to 30 ⁇ mol is more preferable, 0.2 to 20 ⁇ mol is further preferable, and 0.5 to 10 ⁇ mol is particularly preferable.
- the amount of the rhodium compound used is less than 60 micromoles per 1 mol of the monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms, it can be evaluated that it is practically not necessary to provide a collection and recycling facility for the rhodium complex. Thus, according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the economic burden related to the recovery and recycling equipment, and to reduce the cost for the rhodium catalyst.
- the organophosphorus compound that forms a catalyst for the hydroformylation reaction with the rhodium compound is not particularly limited.
- R a , R b , and R c include, but are not limited to, an aryl group that can be substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group.
- alicyclic alkyl groups that can be substituted with triphenylphosphine and triphenylphosphite are preferably used.
- the amount of the organophosphorus compound used is preferably 300-fold to 10,000-fold mol, more preferably 500-fold to 10,000-fold mol, still more preferably 700-fold to 5000-fold mol, particularly preferably relative to the rhodium atom in the rhodium compound. Is 900 times to 2000 times mol.
- the amount of the organic phosphorus compound used is 300 times mol or more of the rhodium atom, the stability of the rhodium metal hydridocarbonyl phosphorus complex as the catalyst active material tends to be sufficiently secured, and as a result, good reactivity is ensured. Tend to. Moreover, when the usage-amount of an organic phosphorus compound is 10000 times mole or less of a rhodium atom, it is preferable from a viewpoint of fully reducing the cost concerning an organic phosphorus compound.
- the hydroformylation reaction can be carried out without using a solvent, but can be carried out more suitably by using a solvent inert to the reaction.
- Solvents that can be used in the hydroformylation reaction include those that dissolve the monoolefin having 13 to 21 carbon atoms, dicyclopentadiene or cyclopentadiene represented by the general formula (4), the rhodium compound, and the organophosphorus compound. If it does not specifically limit.
- hydrocarbons such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons
- esters such as aliphatic esters, alicyclic esters, and aromatic esters
- Alcohols such as aromatic alcohols and alicyclic alcohols
- solvents such as aromatic halides.
- hydrocarbons are preferably used, and alicyclic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons are more preferably used.
- the temperature for the hydroformylation reaction is preferably 40 ° C. to 160 ° C., more preferably 80 ° C. to 140 ° C.
- the reaction temperature is 40 ° C. or higher, a sufficient reaction rate tends to be obtained, and the residual monoolefin as a raw material tends to be further suppressed.
- the reaction is performed under pressure with carbon monoxide (hereinafter also referred to as “CO”) and hydrogen (hereinafter also referred to as “H 2 ”) gas.
- CO carbon monoxide
- H 2 hydrogen
- the CO and H 2 gases can be independently introduced into the reaction system, or can be introduced into the reaction system as a mixed gas prepared in advance.
- the molar ratio of CO and H 2 gas introduced into the reaction system is preferably 0.2 to 5, more preferably 0.5 to 2, and still more preferably 0.8 to 1.2. .
- the reaction activity of the hydroformylation reaction and the selectivity of the target aldehyde tend to be good. Since CO and H 2 gas introduced into the reaction system decrease with the progress of the reaction, the reaction control may be simple when a previously prepared mixed gas of CO and H 2 is used.
- the reaction pressure of the hydroformylation reaction is preferably 1 to 12 MPa, more preferably 1.2 to 9 MPa, and further preferably 1.5 to 5 MPa.
- the reaction pressure is 1 MPa or more, a sufficient reaction rate tends to be obtained, and the residual monoolefin as a raw material tends to be sufficiently suppressed.
- the reaction pressure is set to 12 MPa or less, it is economically advantageous because expensive equipment excellent in pressure resistance is not required.
- a batch reaction or a semi-batch reaction is suitable as a reaction system in the case of performing the hydroformylation reaction.
- the semi-batch reaction is performed by adding a rhodium compound, an organophosphorus compound and the solvent to the reactor, pressurizing or warming with CO / H 2 gas, etc. This can be done by feeding the solution to the reactor.
- the reaction product obtained by the hydroformylation reaction can be used as a raw material for the next reduction reaction as it is, but may be subjected to the next step after purification by distillation, extraction, crystallization, or the like.
- the compound having 14 to 22 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (2) in the formula (I) is obtained by converting a compound having 14 to 22 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (3) into a catalyst having hydrogenation ability and It can be produced by reduction in the presence of hydrogen.
- a catalyst containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper, chromium, iron, zinc, aluminum, nickel, cobalt, and palladium as a catalyst having hydrogenation ability. More preferred catalysts include a Cu—Cr catalyst, a Cu—Zn catalyst, a Cu—Zn—Al catalyst, and the like, as well as a Raney-Ni catalyst, a Raney-Co catalyst, and the like. Further preferred catalysts include a Cu—Cr catalyst and a Raney catalyst. -Co catalyst.
- the amount of the hydrogenation catalyst used is 1 to 100% by mass, preferably 2 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 5% by mass with respect to the compound having 14 to 22 carbon atoms represented by the general formula (3) as a substrate. 30% by mass.
- the amount of catalyst used is 1% by mass or more, the reaction proceeds sufficiently, and as a result, the yield of the target product tends to be sufficiently secured. Further, when the amount of catalyst used is 100% by mass or less, the balance between the amount of catalyst used for the reaction and the effect of improving the reaction rate tends to be good.
- the reaction temperature for the reduction reaction is preferably 60 to 200 ° C, more preferably 80 to 150 ° C.
- the reaction temperature for the reduction reaction is preferably 60 to 200 ° C, more preferably 80 to 150 ° C.
- the reaction temperature By setting the reaction temperature to 200 ° C. or lower, the occurrence of side reactions and decomposition reactions is suppressed, and the target product tends to be obtained with a high yield.
- the reaction temperature by setting the reaction temperature to 60 ° C. or higher, the reaction can be completed in an appropriate time, and there is a tendency that a decrease in productivity and a decrease in the yield of the target product can be avoided.
- the reaction pressure of the reduction reaction is preferably 0.5 to 10 MPa, more preferably 1 to 5 MPa as a hydrogen partial pressure.
- the hydrogen partial pressure is preferably 0.5 to 10 MPa or less, the occurrence of side reactions and decomposition reactions is suppressed, and the target product tends to be obtained in a high yield.
- the hydrogen partial pressure is set to 0.5 MPa or more, the reaction can be completed in an appropriate time, and a decrease in productivity and a decrease in the yield of the target product tend to be avoided.
- a gas inert to the reduction reaction for example, nitrogen or argon
- a solvent can be used.
- the solvent used for the reduction reaction include aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, and the like. Among them, alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, etc. Are preferred. Specific examples thereof include cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and the like.
- the reaction method of the reduction reaction is a batch type using a tank reactor, a semi-batch type for supplying a substrate or a substrate solution to a tank reactor under the reaction conditions, a reaction condition in a tube type reactor filled with a molded catalyst. It is possible to adopt various reaction methods such as a continuous flow method in which a substrate and a substrate solution are circulated.
- the reaction product obtained by the reduction reaction can be purified by, for example, distillation, extraction, crystallization, or the like.
- the compound represented by the general formula (2) or the compound represented by the formula (8) is a monomer corresponding to the unit (A), and each unit corresponding to the units (B) to (C) is used.
- the method of copolymerizing with the monomer is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known polyester production method can be applied. Examples thereof include a melt polymerization method such as a transesterification method and a direct esterification method, or a solution polymerization method.
- a transesterification catalyst, an esterification catalyst, a polycondensation catalyst, or the like used in the production of a normal polyester resin can be used.
- These catalysts are not particularly limited.
- metals such as zinc, lead, cerium, cadmium, manganese, cobalt, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, nickel, magnesium, vanadium, aluminum, titanium, antimony, germanium, tin, etc.
- fatty acid salts, carbonates, phosphates, hydroxides, chlorides, oxides, alkoxides can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the catalyst compounds of manganese, cobalt, zinc, titanium, calcium, antimony, germanium, and tin are preferable, and compounds of manganese, titanium, antimony, germanium, and tin are more preferable.
- the amount of these catalysts to be used is not particularly limited, but the amount as a metal component with respect to the raw material of the polyester resin is preferably 1 to 1000 ppm, more preferably 3 to 750 ppm, and still more preferably 5 to 500 ppm.
- the reaction temperature in the polymerization reaction depends on the type of catalyst and the amount of the catalyst used, but is usually selected within the range of 150 ° C. to 300 ° C., preferably 180 ° C. to 280 ° C. in consideration of the reaction rate and resin coloring.
- the pressure in the reaction layer is preferably adjusted to 1 kPa or less finally from the atmospheric atmosphere, and more preferably 0.5 kPa or less.
- a phosphorus compound When performing the polymerization reaction, a phosphorus compound may be added if desired.
- the phosphorus compound include, but are not limited to, phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphoric acid ester, phosphorous acid ester, and the like.
- phosphate esters include, but are not limited to, methyl phosphate, ethyl phosphate, butyl phosphate, phenyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, diethyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, diphenyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, Examples thereof include triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, and triphenyl phosphate.
- phosphites include, but are not limited to, methyl phosphite, ethyl phosphite, butyl phosphite, phenyl phosphite, dimethyl phosphite, diethyl phosphite, dibutyl phosphite, Examples thereof include diphenyl phosphite, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, and triphenyl phosphite. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the concentration of phosphorus atoms in the copolyester resin in this embodiment is preferably 1 to 500 ppm, more preferably 5 to 400 ppm, and even more preferably 10 to 200 ppm.
- various stabilizers such as an etherification inhibitor, a heat stabilizer and a light stabilizer, a polymerization regulator and the like can be used.
- an antioxidant in the copolyester resin in the present embodiment, an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a plasticizer, an extender, a matting agent, a drying regulator, and an antistatic agent, as long as the purpose of the present embodiment is not impaired.
- Agents, anti-settling agents, surfactants, flow improvers, drying oils, waxes, fillers, colorants, reinforcing agents, surface smoothing agents, leveling agents, curing reaction accelerators, thickeners, various additives, molding Auxiliaries can be added.
- the copolymerized polyester resin of the present embodiment can contain a resin other than the copolymerized polyester resin of the present embodiment as long as the desired effect of the present embodiment is not impaired.
- a resin is not particularly limited.
- polyester resin other than the polyester resin in the present embodiment polycarbonate resin, (meth) acrylic resin, polyamide resin, polystyrene resin, cycloolefin resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer It may further include at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polymer resin, a vinyl chloride resin, a polyphenylene ether resin, a polysulfone resin, a polyacetal resin, and a methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer resin. These can use various well-known things and can add it to a resin composition individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- a method that is excellent in thickness uniformity, a method that does not cause gel, fish eye, scratch, and the like and a method that contains a small amount of foreign matter are preferable.
- a known solution casting method, melt extrusion method, etc. Law, calendar method and the like As a method for stretching the film, a known method can be used, and longitudinal uniaxial, lateral uniaxial, multistage stretching, simultaneous biaxial stretching, and the like may be used.
- the stretching ratio in the stretching process can be any condition, but is preferably 1.1 to 5 times, more preferably 1.2 to 3 times.
- the stretching temperature is preferably in the range of Tg-30 ° C to Tg + 50 ° C, more preferably Tg-20 ° C to Tg + 30 ° C, with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg).
- the thickness of the substrate obtained as described above is not particularly limited, but can be in the range of 1 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 150 ⁇ m, and more preferably 15 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the optical polyester film of this embodiment is at least one function selected from the group consisting of a hard coat layer, a transparent conductive layer, an antireflection layer, a gas barrier layer, and an adhesive layer, which is disposed on at least one surface of the substrate. It has a sex layer.
- the hard coat layer in the present embodiment can be formed on the substrate surface for the purpose of improving surface smoothness and surface hardness.
- This hard coat layer may be laminated on the surface of the transparent conductive layer and gas barrier layer described later in addition to the surface of the substrate.
- a gas barrier layer and a transparent conductive layer may be laminated on the surface of the hard coat layer, and an adhesive layer and a primer layer may be provided between the layers.
- the adhesive layer and primer layer can be obtained by applying a resin varnish and removing the solvent by drying. In this case, a resin having a film-forming property after removing the solvent, that is, a varnish to which a solid resin is added is preferable from the viewpoint of uniform application.
- resins for this purpose include photocurable resins such as so-called acrylic prepolymers such as epoxy diacrylate, urethane diacrylate, polyester diacrylate; o-cresol novolac type, bisphenol type epoxy type, urethane type, Examples include acrylic, urea, melamine, and unsaturated polyester thermosetting resins; electron beam curable resins. Among these, a photocurable resin is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity and cost.
- the constituent material of the hard coat layer is not particularly limited, and it is possible to use a composition containing a conventionally used energy ray curable resin or thermosetting resin.
- the composition containing these energy ray curable resins and thermosetting resins may consist of only organic components, or may contain inorganic particles.
- the inorganic particles include, but are not limited to, silica-based particles such as colloidal silica fine particles, carbonates such as calcium carbonate, metal oxide-based particles such as titanium oxide, and the like.
- silica-based particles are preferable because of easy surface modification and availability, and colloidal silica fine particles are particularly preferable because the particle diameter can be easily controlled.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles is preferably 400 nm or less, particularly preferably 100 nm or less, and further preferably 50 nm or less.
- the colloidal silica fine particles are those in which ultrafine particles of silicic acid anhydride having an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 400 nm are dispersed in water or an organic solvent. Such colloidal silica fine particles can be produced by a known method, but are also commercially available.
- the inorganic particles are preferably surface-treated with a polymerizable unsaturated group in terms of dispersibility and strength, and examples of the polymerizable unsaturated group include (meth) acryloyl group, styryl group, Examples thereof include a vinyl group, and a (meth) acryloyl group is preferable because it has particularly high reactivity and excellent productivity.
- the surface treatment method of the inorganic particles is not particularly limited, but a surface treatment method using an organosilane compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group is particularly preferable.
- a surface treatment method using an organosilane compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group is particularly preferable.
- the surface treatment method for example, inorganic particles and an organic silane compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group are mixed, a hydrolysis catalyst is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature or under heating.
- the dispersion catalyst in the inorganic particles and the water generated by the condensation reaction are azeotropically distilled at normal pressure or reduced pressure to carry out the condensation reaction.
- a catalyst such as water, acid, base, salt or the like may be used for the purpose of promoting the reaction. In this way, surface-modified inorganic particles can be obtained.
- the organic silane compound having a polymerizable unsaturated group used in the surface treatment method is not particularly limited.
- silane compound which added (meth) acrylic acid to the epoxy group and glycidyl group of these compounds silane compound which added the compound containing two (meth) acryloyloxy groups to an amino group, an amino group, and a mercapto group Silane compound obtained by adding a compound having (meth) acryloyloxy group and isocyanate group to (meth) acryloyloxy group and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyl
- a silane compound selected from oxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-acryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and vinyltriethoxysilane is particularly preferable in terms of excellent reactivity.
- Examples of the organic component include, but are not limited to, organic compounds having a polymerizable group.
- Examples of the organic compound having a polymerizable group include an organic compound having a (meth) acryloyl group, an organic compound having a styryl group, an organic compound having a radical polymerizable group such as an organic compound having a vinyl group; an organic compound having an epoxy group
- Examples thereof include organic compounds having an ion polymerizable group such as a compound and an organic compound having an oxetanyl group.
- an organic compound having a radical polymerizable group is preferable from the viewpoint of high reactivity and the thermal stability of the resulting cured product, and an organic compound having a (meth) acryloyl group is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of productivity.
- examples of the organic compound include urethane, epoxy, polyester, and (meth) acrylate.
- organic compound having a (meth) acryloyl group examples include, but are not limited to, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, polyester (meth) acrylate, mono (meth) acrylate, di (meth) And mono- to polyfunctional (meth) acrylic acid esters such as acrylate, mono- and di (meth) acrylamide, and the like.
- the hard coat layer can be produced by curing a composition containing an energy ray curable resin or a thermosetting resin by radical polymerization and / or ion polymerization by irradiation with active energy rays and / or heating.
- polymerization initiator When curing by radical polymerization, it is preferable to use a polymerization initiator, and examples of the polymerization initiator include benzophenone, 4,4-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, methylorthobenzoyl.
- Benzophenones such as benzoate and 4-phenylbenzophenone; thioxanthones such as thioxanthone, diethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone and chlorothioxanthone; anthraquinones such as t-butylanthraquinone and 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-methyl-1- [4- ( Photopolymerization initiators such as methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, methylbenzoylformate, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, t- butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t- butyl peroxy octoate, t- butyl peroxybenzoate, thermal polymerization initiator such as lauroyl per
- polymerization initiators may be used alone or as a mixture. These polymerization initiators are selected in consideration of production processing surfaces such as productivity and storage stability, and quality aspects such as coloring, and photopolymerization initiators are preferably used because they are particularly excellent in productivity.
- polymerization initiator When curing by ionic polymerization, it is preferable to use a polymerization initiator.
- the polymerization initiator include aromatic diazonium salts, aromatic sulfonium salts, aromatic iodonium salts, metallocene compounds, and benzoin sulfonate esters. Can be mentioned. These may be used alone or as a mixture.
- a resin that is not cured by energy ray irradiation can be added.
- thermoplastic resins such as polyurethane resin, cellulose resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, and polyvinyl acetate.
- addition of a polyurethane resin, a cellulose resin, a polyvinyl butyral resin, or the like is preferable in terms of improving flexibility.
- Examples of the types of active energy rays include known active energy rays such as electron beams, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, and visible rays. Among them, it is preferable to use ultraviolet rays because of its high versatility and excellent device cost and productivity.
- a light source for generating the ultraviolet rays an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a medium pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, a high frequency induction mercury lamp, a UV-LED, or the like is suitable.
- the atmosphere during curing by irradiation with active energy rays may be an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, or an air atmosphere. Among these, it is desirable to be in an air atmosphere because it is simple and low cost.
- the curing conditions are not particularly limited.
- the irradiation amount is preferably within a range of 0.01 to 10 J / cm 2 , and preferably 0.05 to 5 J / cm 2 .
- a value within the range is more preferable, and a value within the range of 0.1 to 3 J / cm 2 is particularly preferable.
- heating is performed at a temperature in the range of 80 to 150 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes.
- a commercially available hard coat agent can also be used as the hard coat layer in the present embodiment.
- examples of commercially available hard coat agents containing inorganic particles include JSR hard coat agent Desolite (registered trademark), Mitsubishi Rayon hard coat agent Ray Queen (registered trademark), and Arakawa Chemical Industries hard coat agent beam set (registered trademark). And Adeka Nano Hybrid Silicone FX-V manufactured by Adeka Corporation.
- these hard coat agents are dissolved in an organic solvent or the like, and the coating liquid whose viscosity is adjusted is applied to the base film made of the polyester resin of the present embodiment and dried, and then the active energy.
- a hard coat layer is formed by curing by irradiation with rays and / or heating.
- Organic solvents that can be used in the coating liquid for the hard coat layer are suitably selected from aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and octane, alcohols such as ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropanol, and 1-butanol, ethyl acetate, and methyl ethyl ketone. It can be selected and used. These organic solvents may be used in combination of several kinds as required. Since it is necessary to evaporate these organic solvents after coating, the boiling point is preferably in the range of 70 to 200 ° C.
- a leveling additive that acts on the surface of the coated film after coating and lowers its surface tension may be added.
- the additive include a fluorine-based additive, a siloxane-based additive, an acrylic additive, and an acetylene glycol-based additive.
- fluorine-based additives examples include Fluorard FC-430 and FC-170 (registered trademark) manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd., and Megafac F177 and F471 (registered trademark) manufactured by DIC
- siloxane-based additives examples include BYK-300 and BYK-077 (registered trademark) manufactured by BYK-Chemie Co., Ltd., and acrylic additives such as BYK-380 (registered trademark) manufactured by BYK-Chemie Corp., Dispalon L-1984-50 and L-1970 manufactured by Enomoto Kasei Co., Ltd.
- the surface hardness of the hard coat layer is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to show “H” or more in a pencil hardness test in accordance with JIS K 5400.
- the thickness of the hard coat layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 15 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of hardness, flexibility and production efficiency.
- the surface roughness of the hard coat surface is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less. When the surface roughness is 0.5 ⁇ m or less, other layers laminated on the hard coat layer are easily laminated smoothly, thereby improving the strength of the laminated layers, Peeling can be prevented.
- the surface roughness can be measured using a commercially available shape measuring microscope.
- the transparent conductive layer in the present embodiment is a layer composed of a material having transparency and conductivity.
- the transparency of the transparent conductive layer can be evaluated by total light transmittance, and is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 82% or more in terms of total light transmittance.
- the specific resistance value is usually about 1 to 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the surface resistance value ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) can be adjusted according to the application, but conductive films such as ITO absorb in the short wavelength region of visible light. When the thickness is extremely increased, the color changes and the light transmittance tends to decrease. It is preferable to adjust the thickness of the transparent conductive layer in consideration of this balance.
- the film thickness of the transparent conductive layer can be appropriately selected within the range of 50 to 4,000 mm, for example.
- the optical polyester film in the case where the functional layer in the present embodiment includes a transparent conductive layer is particularly referred to as a “transparent conductive film”. That is, the transparent conductive film of this embodiment has the polyester film for optics of this embodiment, and a functional layer contains a transparent conductive layer.
- components constituting the transparent conductive layer in the present embodiment are not limited to the following, but inorganic substances such as inorganic oxides, inorganic nitrides or inorganic sulfides (for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum oxide) , Silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tungsten oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, titanium nitride, cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, etc.), copper, gold, silver, platinum, etc., and alloys containing them Examples include metal nanowires, metal meshes, metal particles, graphene, and carbon nanotubes. Further, a polythiophene-based, polyaniline-based, or polyacetylene-based conductive polymer may be used.
- inorganic substances such as inorganic oxides, inorganic nitrides or inorganic sulfides (for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum oxide) ,
- the transparent conductive layer in the present embodiment can be formed and produced on a base film by a known film forming method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, PECVD, CatCVD, coating or laminating.
- an inorganic film and an organic film are mentioned, for example.
- the inorganic film include metal oxides such as silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, tantalum oxide, and indium oxide; metal nitrides such as silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, and tantalum nitride; silicon nitride oxide, aluminum nitride oxide, tantalum nitride oxide, and the like.
- the organic film include polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyamide, and the like.
- the film thickness of the gas barrier layer is preferably 100 to 2,000 mm for inorganic materials and 500 to 10,000 mm for organic materials.
- inorganic materials can be formed by known means such as sputtering, ion plating, resistance heating, and CVD.
- an organic material it can be formed by dissolving it in a solvent, applying it by the coating method as described above, and drying it.
- an adhesive layer or a primer layer may be provided between the base material and the gas barrier layer.
- a protective coat layer may be laminated on the gas barrier layer to protect it.
- the protective coat layer is preferably formed by the same method as the adhesive layer and primer layer.
- an inorganic layer may be further laminated on the protective coat layer.
- the protective coating layer is more preferably made of a material excellent in gas barrier properties, and the oxygen permeability coefficient measured at 23 ° C. is 0.1 cc ⁇ mm / m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less, or 40 ° C. and 90% RH. It is more preferable that the water vapor transmission coefficient measured at 1 is 1 g ⁇ mm / m 2 ⁇ day or less.
- the antireflection layer in this embodiment may be formed on a base material, may be formed between each layer, and may be the outermost surface. Further, the antireflection layer may be laminated on any surface of the substrate, or may be laminated on both sides.
- a low refractive index layer can be provided, or a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer can be alternately stacked.
- the high refractive index layer means a layer having a refractive index of 1.80 or more, and the low refractive index layer means a layer having a refractive index of 1.70 or less.
- the material constituting the high refractive index layer is at least one selected from titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, tantalum oxide, zinc oxide, niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, cerium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide and indium tin oxide, or 2 A mixture of seeds or more can be mentioned.
- Examples of the material constituting the low refractive index layer include silicon oxide, magnesium fluoride or calcium fluoride.
- the antireflection layer can be formed by any method such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, ion plating, or ion beam assist.
- the thickness of the antireflection layer is preferably 10 to 500 nm, more preferably 50 to 500 nm.
- the number of high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers is preferably 2 or more.
- the number of layers of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is preferably 2 or more.
- the thicknesses of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer may be appropriately adjusted so that the thickness of the antireflection layer is in the above range and a desired reflectance is obtained.
- the reflectance is a reflectance with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm, and is usually 1% or less, preferably 0.5% or less, and more preferably 0.3% or less.
- the reflectance can be measured with a general spectrophotometer.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in the present embodiment improves the adhesion between the substrate and other layers.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be formed by dissolving a pressure-sensitive adhesive in a solvent, applying it by a coating method, and drying it.
- pressure-sensitive adhesive those having excellent transparency, small birefringence and the like and capable of exhibiting sufficient adhesive force even when used as a thin layer are preferable.
- pressure-sensitive adhesives include natural rubber, synthetic rubber / elastomer, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl alkyl ether, polyacrylate, modified polyolefin resin-based pressure-sensitive adhesive, and the like, and curing such as isocyanate.
- a curable pressure-sensitive adhesive to which an adhesive is added is preferable, and a curable pressure-sensitive adhesive is particularly preferable among pressure-sensitive adhesives used for polyolefin foam, polyester film adhesives, and the like.
- dry laminate adhesives that mix polyurethane resin solutions and polyisocyanate resin solutions, styrene butadiene rubber adhesives, epoxy two-part curable adhesives, such as epoxy resin and polythiol two-part adhesives, epoxy A two-component resin and a polyamide can be used, and a solution-type adhesive and an epoxy two-component curable adhesive are particularly preferable, and a transparent one is preferable.
- Some adhesives can improve the adhesive force by using an appropriate adhesion primer. When using such an adhesive, it is preferable to use an adhesion primer.
- the optical polyester film of the present embodiment is a layer that exhibits one or more functions selected from the group consisting of self-healing properties, antiglare properties, and antistatic properties (hereinafter, May also be laminated. These may be laminated
- various layers can be formed and are not limited to the following, but examples include a light diffusion layer, a prism lens layer, an infrared absorption layer, and an electromagnetic wave absorption layer.
- Self-healing is a function that makes it difficult to scratch by repairing the wound by elastic recovery.
- the function when the surface is rubbed with a brass brush applied with a load of 500 g, the wound is preferably recovered within 3 minutes, more preferably within 1 minute.
- Anti-glare property is a function that improves visibility by suppressing reflection of external light by light scattering on the surface.
- the haze is preferably 2 to 50%, more preferably 2 to 40%, and particularly preferably 2 to 30% according to the evaluation described in JIS K7136 (2000).
- the antistatic property is a function of removing triboelectricity generated by peeling from the surface or rubbing on the surface by leaking.
- the surface resistivity described in JIS K6911 (2006) is preferably 10 11 ⁇ / ⁇ or less, more preferably 10 9 ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the antistatic property may be imparted from a layer containing a conductive polymer such as polythiophene, polypyrrole or polyaniline.
- the thickness of the other layer varies depending on its function, but is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 nm to 20 ⁇ m. Within the above range, the function imparted by the functional layer tends to be sufficiently obtained while ensuring sufficient optical performance.
- Resin composition The ratio of the diol structural unit and the dicarboxylic acid structural unit in the polyester resin was calculated by 1H-NMR measurement. The measurement was performed at 400 MHz using a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (manufactured by JEOL Ltd., trade name: JNM-AL400). Deuterated chloroform was used as the solvent.
- the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin was measured as follows. Using a differential scanning calorimeter (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, trade name: DSC / TA-60WS), about 10 mg of polyester resin is placed in an aluminum non-sealed container and heated in a nitrogen gas (50 mL / min) stream. A sample heated and melted to 280 ° C. at a rate of 20 ° C./min was rapidly cooled to obtain a measurement sample. The sample was measured under the same conditions, and the temperature at which the difference between the baselines before and after the transition of the DSC curve changed by 1/2 was taken as the glass transition temperature.
- Pencil hardness In accordance with JIS K 5600-5-4, the hardness was gradually increased against the hard-coated surface at an angle of 45 degrees and a load of 750 g, and the pencil was pressed against the surface. The hardness of the hard pencil was evaluated as the pencil hardness.
- Total light transmittance The transparency of the polyester resin (base material) was measured using a press-molded disk (thickness 3 mm) as a sample, and the total light transmittance was measured. For the measurement, a color difference / turbidity measuring machine (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd., trade name: COH-400) was used.
- Photoelastic coefficient (Pa -1 ) A test piece of 1 cm ⁇ 5 cm was cut out from an optical film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, which will be described later, and used as a measurement sample. An ellipsometer (trade name: M220, manufactured by JASCO Corporation) was used, and calculation was performed from birefringence measurement with respect to load change at a wavelength of 633 nm.
- Birefringence A test piece (optical polyester film) was placed in a crossed Nicol state, placed in a light box with a color temperature of 5000K, and visually observed for light leakage. The case where no light leakage was observed was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”, and the case where light leakage was observed was evaluated as “x”.
- reaction solution After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was subjected to gas chromatography analysis, and a reaction solution containing 76 g of the compound represented by the formula (3a) and 1.4 g of the monoolefin represented by the formula (4a) (conversion rate 98%, selectivity) 97%), and after purification by distillation, a part was subjected to the following reaction.
- Example 1 91.7 g of the compound represented by the formula (2a) obtained from the monomer synthesis example was added to a 200 mL polyester production apparatus equipped with a partial condenser, a full condenser, a cold trap, a stirrer, a heating apparatus and a nitrogen introduction tube. 0.04 g of butyl titanate was charged, the temperature was raised to 230 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere, and the mixture was kept for 1 hour to distill a predetermined amount of methanol. Thereafter, 0.003 g of phosphoric acid was added, the temperature was increased and the pressure was gradually reduced, and finally polycondensation was performed at 270 ° C. and 0.1 kPa or less.
- the reaction was terminated when a suitable melt viscosity was reached, and a polyester resin was obtained.
- the optical film for measuring the photoelastic coefficient was produced by a casting method. Specifically, the obtained polyester resin is dissolved in dichloromethane so as to have a concentration of 5 wt%, cast on a cast plate whose level is confirmed, and then volatilized while adjusting the evaporation amount of the solvent from the cast solution. A transparent optical film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was obtained. The obtained optical film was sufficiently dried at a temperature not higher than the glass transition temperature using a dryer, and then a 5 cm ⁇ 1 cm sample was cut out and the photoelastic coefficient was evaluated using an ellipsometer. Various evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained optical film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m is used as a base material, UV-7600B (urethane acrylate manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by mass, ethyl acetate 100 parts by mass, photopolymerization initiator ( BASF Irgacure 2959) 4 parts by mass of the hard coat coating solution was mixed with bar coater No. 24 is applied to a substrate, dried at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes, and then a conveyor type ultraviolet irradiation device U-0303 (manufactured by GS Yuasa Co., Ltd.), set to have an ultraviolet irradiation amount of 540 mJ / cm 2 .
- UV-7600B urethane acrylate manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- ethyl acetate 100 parts by mass
- photopolymerization initiator BASF Irgacure 2959
- the coat layer thickness was 12 ⁇ m.
- a target composed of 95% by mass of indium oxide and 5% by mass of tin oxide is used with respect to the resin surface not subjected to hard coating, and is composed of 98% argon gas and 2% oxygen gas.
- Sputtering was performed in an atmosphere of 4 Pa to form an ITO layer (conductive thin film) having a thickness of 25 nm, and the adhesion and birefringence of the ITO layer were evaluated.
- Examples 2 to 3 optical polyester films having a substrate, a hard coat layer and an ITO layer were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the raw material composition ratios shown in Table 1 were changed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the optical polyester film of the present invention is excellent in transparency, heat resistance, optical physical properties and adhesiveness, and can be suitably used for applications requiring these physical properties.
- optical film of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the characteristics can be utilized.
- a liquid crystal display device for example, a viewing angle widening film
- optical devices such as electroluminescent elements, plasma displays, CRTs, liquid crystal projectors, optical filters, optical pickup optical systems in optical recording / reproducing apparatuses, touch panels, and antireflection films. That is, the industrial significance of the present invention is great.
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Abstract
Description
このような課題に対し、ポリエステル原料の光弾性係数を小さくすることが検討されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
本発明は、以上の従来技術が有する問題点に鑑みなされたものであり、透明性、耐熱性、光学物性、密着性に優れた光学用ポリエステルフィルム及び透明導電性フィルムを提供することを目的とする。
[1]
下記一般式(1)で表される単位(A)を含むポリエステル樹脂からなる基材と、
前記基材の少なくとも一方の面に配される、ハードコート層、透明導電層、反射防止層、ガスバリア層及び粘着層からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの機能性層と、
を有する、光学用ポリエステルフィルム。
[2]
前記一般式(1)におけるnが1である、[1]に記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルム。
[3]
前記一般式(1)におけるR1、R2、及びR3が水素原子である、[1]又は[2]に記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルム。
[4]
前記ポリエステル樹脂が下記(1)~(3)を満たす、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルム。(1)前記ポリエステル樹脂のガラス転移温度が100℃以上である。(2)前記ポリエステル樹脂の降温時結晶化発熱量が5J/g以下である。(3)前記ポリエステル樹脂の光弾性係数の絶対値が40×10-12Pa-1以下である。
[5]
[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルムを有し、前記機能性層が透明導電層を含む、透明導電性フィルム。
本実施形態の光学用ポリエステルフィルムは、下記一般式(1)で表される単位(A)を含むポリエステル樹脂からなる基材と、前記基材の少なくとも一方の面に配される、ハードコート層、透明導電層、反射防止層、ガスバリア層及び粘着層からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの機能性層と、を有する。
なお、本実施形態において、「耐熱性に優れる」とは、後述する実施例に記載の方法により測定されるガラス転移温度(Tg)が十分に高いことを指し、「光学特性に優れる」とは、後述する実施例に記載の方法により測定される光弾性係数の絶対値が十分に低いことを指す。
また、本実施形態において、「フィルム」とは、厳密にはその厚さで区別されうる「フィルム」及び「シート」の双方を含む概念である。
本実施形態における基材は、上記ポリエステル樹脂から構成される。本実施形態におけるポリエステル樹脂は、上記一般式(1)で表される単位(A)(以下、「単位(A)」ともいう。)を含むものであり、当該単位(A)のみから構成される単独重合体とすることができ、必要に応じて、ジオール単位(B)(以下、「単位(B)」ともいう。)、及びジカルボン酸又はそのエステル形成性誘導体単位(C)(以下、「単位(C)」ともいう。)を含む共重合体とすることもできる。
上記した単位は、1種を単独で含まれていてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて含まれていてもよい。
上記した単位は、1種を単独で含まれていてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて含まれていてもよい。
本実施形態におけるポリエステル樹脂は、単位(A)を単独重合することにより、また、単位(A)~(C)に対応する各単量体を共重合することにより、得ることができる。以下、単位(A)に対応する単量体の製造方法について説明する。かかる単量体は、例えば、下記一般式(2)で表される。
式(2)において、R1は、好ましくは水素原子又はCH3である。R2及びR3は、好ましくは水素原子である。上記炭化水素基としては、以下に限定されないが、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ビニル基、2-ヒドロキシエチル基、4-ヒドロキシブチル基等が挙げられる。
前記一般式(4)で表される炭素数13~21のモノオレフィンは、例えば、官能基を有するオレフィンとジシクロペンタジエンのディールスアルダー反応を行うこと等で製造することが可能である。
以上の観点から、例えば、上記式(I)に示す反応ルートにおいて、1段目ディールスアルダー反応の反応条件を適宜制御することにより、式(4)で表される炭素数13~21のモノオレフィンあるいは式(7)で表される炭素数8~16のモノオレフィンを選択的に得ることができる。
上記のようにして得られた式(4)で表される炭素数13~21のモノオレフィンを、後述するヒドロホルミル化反応及び還元反応に供することで、式(1)においてn=1である場合に対応する単量体(すなわち、式(2)で表される化合物)を得ることができる。また、上記のようにして得られた式(7)で表される炭素数8~16のモノオレフィンを、同様のヒドロホルミル化反応及び還元反応に供することで、式(1)においてn=0である場合に対応する単量体(すなわち、式(8)で表される化合物)を得ることができる。
なお、反応溶媒として炭化水素類やアルコール類、エステル類等を使用することも可能であり、炭素数6以上の脂肪族炭化水素類、シクロヘキサン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン、メシチレン、プロパノール、ブタノール等が好ましい。また、必要に応じて、AlCl3等公知の触媒を添加してもよい。
前記式(I)中の一般式(3)で表される炭素数14~22の二官能性化合物は、例えば、一般式(4)で表される炭素数13~21モノオレフィンと一酸化炭素及び水素ガスをロジウム化合物、有機リン化合物の存在下でヒドロホルミル化反応させること等で製造することができる。
前記式(I)中の一般式(2)で表される炭素数14~22の化合物は、一般式(3)で表される炭素数14~22の化合物を、水素化能を有する触媒及び水素の存在下で還元することにより製造することが出来る。
本実施形態における基材の製造方法としては、厚みの均一性に優れ、ゲル、フィッシュアイ、スクラッチ等が生じない方法および異物の含有量が少ない方法が好ましく、例えば公知の溶液キャスト法、溶融押出し法、カレンダー法等が挙げられる。フィルムの延伸方法としても公知の方法が使用可能であり、縦一軸、横一軸、多段延伸、同時二軸延伸等を用いてもよい。
本実施形態の光学用ポリエステルフィルムは、基材の少なくとも一方の面に配される、ハードコート層、透明導電層、反射防止層、ガスバリア層及び粘着層からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの機能性層を有する。
本実施形態におけるハードコート層は、表面平滑性の向上、表面硬度を向上させる目的で基材表面に形成することができる。このハードコート層は、基材表面の他、後述する透明導電層やガスバリア層の表面に積層してもよい。さらに、ハードコート層の表面に、ガスバリア層、透明導電層を積層して構わないし、各層の間に、接着層やプライマー層を設けてもよい。
接着層やプライマー層は、樹脂ワニスを塗布し乾燥により溶剤を除去することで得られる。この際、溶剤除去後に成膜性を有する樹脂、即ち固形の樹脂を添加したワニスが均一塗布という観点から好ましい。このための樹脂の具体例としては、エポキシジアクリレート、ウレタンジアクリレート、ポリエステルジアクリレート等のいわゆるアクリルプレポリマー等の光硬化性樹脂;o-クレゾールノボラック型、ビスフェノール型のエポキシ系や、ウレタン系、アクリル系、尿素系、メラミン系、不飽和ポリエステル系の熱硬化性樹脂;電子線硬化性樹脂;等が挙げられる。これらのうち、生産性およびコストの点から光硬化性樹脂が好ましい。
本実施形態における透明導電層は、透明性を有すると共に導電性を有する材料から構成される層である。透明導電層の透明性としては、全光線透過率で評価することができ、全光線透過率で80%以上であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは82%以上である。比抵抗値は通常1~8×10-4Ω・cm程度である。積層する導電膜の膜厚を変えることにより、用途に応じた表面抵抗値(Ω/□)となるよう調節することができるが、ITOなどの導電膜は可視光短波長域に吸収を持つため、極端に厚みを厚くすると色目が変化し、光線透過率が低くなる傾向にある。このバランスを考慮しながら透明導電層の厚みを調整することが好ましい。透明導電層の膜厚は、例えば、50~4,000Åの範囲内で適宜選択することができる。
本実施形態におけるガスバリア層としては、以下に限定されないが、例えば、無機膜、有機膜が挙げられる。該無機膜としては、例えば酸化ケイ素、酸化アルミニウム、酸化タンタル、酸化インジウム等の金属酸化物;窒化ケイ素、窒化アルミニウム、窒化タンタル等の金属窒化物;窒化酸化ケイ素、窒化酸化アルミニウム、窒化酸化タンタル等の金属酸化窒化物からなる膜、アルミニウム膜等が挙げられ、該有機膜としては、例えばポリビニルアルコール、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリアミド等を挙げることができる。
本実施形態における反射防止層は、基材上に形成されてもよいし、各層の間に形成されてもよく、最表面でもよい。また、反射防止層は基材のいずれの面に積層しても構わないし、両側に積層しても構わない。また、本実施形態において、低屈折率層を設ける、または高屈折率層と低屈折率層とを交互に積層することができる。
高屈折率層とは屈折率が1.80以上の層をいい、低屈折率層とは屈折率が1.70以下の層をいう。
本実施形態における粘着層は、基材と他の層との接着性を向上させるものである。粘着層は、粘着剤を溶剤に溶解し、コーティング法によって塗布して乾燥することにより製膜することができる。
ポリエステル樹脂中のジオール構成単位及びジカルボン酸構成単位の割合は、1H-NMR測定にて算出した。測定装置は、核磁気共鳴装置(日本電子(株)製、商品名:JNM-AL400)を用い、400MHzで測定した。溶媒には重クロロホルムを用いた。
ポリエステル樹脂のガラス転移温度は、次のように測定した。示差走査熱量計((株)島津製作所製、商品名:DSC/TA-60WS)を使用し、ポリエステル樹脂約10mgをアルミニウム製非密封容器に入れ、窒素ガス(50mL/分)気流中、昇温速度20℃/分で280℃まで加熱、溶融したものを急冷して測定用試料とした。該試料を同条件で測定し、DSC曲線の転移前後における基線の差の1/2だけ変化した温度をガラス転移温度とした。
ポリエステル樹脂の降温時結晶化発熱量は、上記Tgを測定後280℃で1分間保持した後、5℃/分の降温速度で降温した際に現れる発熱ピークの面積から算出した。
JIS K 5600-5-4に準拠し、ハードコートを施した表面に対して角度45度、荷重750gで当該表面に次第に硬度を増して鉛筆を押し付け、傷跡を生じなかった最も硬い鉛筆の硬度を鉛筆硬度として評価した。
ポリエステル樹脂(基材)の透明性は、プレス成形した円板(厚み3mm)をサンプルとし、全光線透過率を測定した。測定には、色差/濁度測定機(日本電色工業(株)製、商品名:COH-400)を用いた。
後述する厚さ100μmの光学フィルムから1cm×5cmの試験片を切出し、測定用試料とした。エリプソメーター(日本分光(株)製、商品名:M220)を使用し、波長633nmにおける荷重変化に対する複屈折測定から算出した。
JIS K5400に準拠し、サンプル(光学用ポリエステルフィルム)をカミソリの刃で2mm間隔に6本ずつ切れ目をいれて25個の碁盤目をつくり、市販のセロテープ(登録商標)をよく密着させた後、90°手前方向に急激に剥がした時、塗膜が剥離したマス目数を数えた。この試験をハードコート層側とITO層側の双方について行った。ゼロ個の場合を「A」、1~5個の場合を「B」、6個以上の場合を「C」と、それぞれ評価した。
試験片(光学用ポリエステルフィルム)をクロスニコルに配置し、色温度5000Kのライトボックスに入れ、目視により光漏れの有無を観察した。光漏れが観察されなかったものを「○」、光漏れが観測されたものを「×」と、それぞれ評価した。
500mLステンレス製反応器にアクリル酸メチル173g(2.01mol)、ジシクロペンタジエン167g(1.26mol)を仕込み195℃で2時間反応を行った。上記反応により、下記式(4a)で表されるモノオレフィン96gを含有する反応液を取得し、これを蒸留精製した後、一部を以下の反応に供した。
300mLステンレス製反応器を使用し、蒸留精製した式(4a)で表されるモノオレフィンのヒドロホルミル化反応をCO/H2混合ガス(CO/H2モル比=1)を用いて行った。反応器に式(4a)で表されるモノオレフィン70g、トルエン140g、亜リン酸トリフェニル0.50g、別途調製したRh(acac)(CO)2のトルエン溶液550μL(濃度0.003mol/L)を加えた。窒素およびCO/H2混合ガスによる置換を各々3回行った後、CO/H2混合ガスで系内を加圧し、100℃、2MPaにて5時間反応を行った。反応終了後、反応液のガスクロマトグラフィー分析を行い、式(3a)で表される化合物76g、式(4a)で表されるモノオレフィン1.4gを含む反応液(転化率98%、選択率97%)であることを確認すると共に、これを蒸留精製した後、一部を以下の反応に供した。
モノマー合成例で取得した成分のNMR分析を行った。NMRスペクトルを図1~3に示す。以下に示すGC-MS分析、及び図1~3のNMR分析の結果から、モノマー合成例で得られた主生成物は、前記式(2a)で表される化合物であることが確認された。
1)ガスクロマトグラフィー測定条件
・分析装置 :株式会社島津製作所製 キャピラリガスクロマトグラフGC-2010 Plus
・検出器 :FID、温度280℃2)GC-MS測定条件
・分析装置 :株式会社島津製作所製、GCMS-QP2010 Plus
・イオン化電圧:70eV・分析カラム :Agilent Technologies製、DB-1(30m、0.32mmI.D.、膜厚1.00μm)
・オーブン温度:60℃(0.5分間)-15℃/分-280℃(4分間)3)NMR測定条件
・装置 :日本電子株式会社製,JNM-ECA500(500MHz)
・測定モード :1H-NMR、13C-NMR、COSY-NMR
・溶媒 :CDCl3(重クロロホルム)
・内部標準物質:テトラメチルシラン
分縮器、全縮器、コールドトラップ、撹拌機、加熱装置及び窒素導入管を備えた200mLのポリエステル製造装置に、モノマー合成例より得られた式(2a)で表される化合物91.7gテトラブチルチタネート0.04gを仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で230℃まで昇温後、1時間保持し、所定量のメタノールを留出させた。その後、リン酸を0.003g加え、昇温と減圧を徐々に行い、最終的に270℃、0.1kPa以下で重縮合を行った。適度な溶融粘度になった時点で反応を終了し、ポリエステル樹脂を得た。
光弾性係数を測定する光学フィルムは流延法にて作製した。具体的には、得られたポリエステル樹脂をジクロロメタンに5wt%濃度になるように溶解させ、水平を確認したキャスト板に流延後、キャスト溶液からの溶媒の蒸発量を調整しながら揮発させ、厚さ100μmの透明な光学フィルムを得た。得られた光学フィルムは乾燥機を使用し、ガラス転移温度以下の温度で十分に乾燥を行った後、5cm×1cmのサンプルを切り出し、エリプソメーターを使用して光弾性係数を評価した。各種評価結果を表1に示す。
ハードコート層については、得られた厚さ100μmの光学フィルムを基材とし、UV-7600B(日本合成化学工業(株)製ウレタンアクリレート)100質量部、酢酸エチル100質量部、光重合開始剤(BASF製Irgacure2959)4質量部混合したハードコート塗布液をバーコーターNo.24を使用して基材に塗布し、90℃で3分乾燥後、540mJ/cm2の紫外線照射量となるように設定したコンベアタイプの紫外線照射装置U-0303(GSユアサ(株)製、高圧水銀ランプ使用、ランプ出力80W/cm、コンベアスピード3m/min)を用いて、硬化させた。コート層厚みは12μmであった。作製したハードコートフィルムを用い、鉛筆硬度及び密着性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。透明導電性薄膜については、ハードコートを施していない樹脂面に対し、酸化インジウム95質量%、酸化錫5質量%からなるターゲットを用いて、アルゴンガス98%と酸素ガス2%とからなる0.4Paの雰囲気下にてスパッタリングを行い、厚さ25nmのITO層(導電性薄膜)を形成し、ITO層の密着性及び複屈折を評価した。
厚み100μmの延伸ポリエステルフィルム(東洋紡(株)製;E5000)を用い、実施例1と同様にして基材、ハードコート層及びITO層を有するフィルムを作製し、各種物性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
シクロオレフィンポリマー(日本ゼオン(株)製;F52R)を用い、実施例1と同様に流延法にて光学フィルムを基材として作製し、さらにハードコート層及びITO層を形成したフィルムを作製し、各種物性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
D-NHEs:デカヒドロ-1、4:5、8-ジメタノナフタレン-2-メトキシカルボニル-6(7)-メタノール
DMCD:1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸ジメチル(シス/トランス=7/3)
DMT:テレフタル酸ジメチル
CHDM:1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール(シス/トランス=3/7)
EG:エチレングリコール
すなわち、本発明の工業的意義は大きい。
Claims (5)
- 前記一般式(1)におけるnが1である、請求項1に記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記一般式(1)におけるR1、R2、及びR3が水素原子である、請求項1又は2に記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルム。
- 前記ポリエステル樹脂が下記(1)~(3)を満たす、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルム。(1)前記ポリエステル樹脂のガラス転移温度が100℃以上である。(2)前記ポリエステル樹脂の降温時結晶化発熱量が5J/g以下である。(3)前記ポリエステル樹脂の光弾性係数の絶対値が40×10-12Pa-1以下である。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の光学用ポリエステルフィルムを有し、前記機能性層が透明導電層を含む、透明導電性フィルム。
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| JP2018542813A JP6955705B2 (ja) | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-27 | 光学用ポリエステルフィルム及び透明導電性フィルム |
| CN201780060011.0A CN109791224B (zh) | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-27 | 光学用聚酯膜和透明导电性膜 |
| EP17856277.3A EP3521869B1 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-27 | Optical polyester film and transparent electroconductive film |
| US16/337,046 US10981366B2 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-27 | Optical polyester film and transparent conductive film |
| KR1020197006563A KR102439384B1 (ko) | 2016-09-28 | 2017-09-27 | 광학용 폴리에스터 필름 및 투명 도전성 필름 |
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| WO2019194117A1 (ja) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-10 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | ポリエステル樹脂組成物 |
| WO2020080205A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-23 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびそれを用いた光学レンズまたはフィルム |
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| JP7318534B2 (ja) | 2018-01-23 | 2023-08-01 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 成形体 |
| CN111318172B (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2022-01-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种高分子修饰的石墨烯过滤膜的制备方法 |
| KR102828116B1 (ko) * | 2019-03-15 | 2025-07-01 | 미쯔비시 가스 케미칼 컴파니, 인코포레이티드 | 폴리에스터 카보네이트 수지, 및 당해 수지를 포함하는 수지 조성물을 성형하여 이루어지는 성형체 |
| KR102166387B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-10-15 | 국방과학연구소 | 미사일 제어 장치, 미사일 제어 시스템 및 미사일 제어 방법 |
| KR102614726B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-23 | 2023-12-14 | 코오롱플라스틱 주식회사 | 폴리에스테르계 수지 조성물 |
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| CN116063666B (zh) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-04-19 | 四川大学 | 一种多功能聚酯材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114334273B (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2024-08-23 | 深圳市善柔科技有限公司 | 金属纳米线复合薄膜及其制备方法 |
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| CN109791224B (zh) | 2021-03-30 |
| JPWO2018062328A1 (ja) | 2019-08-29 |
| EP3521869A4 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
| TW201821282A (zh) | 2018-06-16 |
| EP3521869B1 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
| KR102439384B1 (ko) | 2022-09-01 |
| KR20190053847A (ko) | 2019-05-20 |
| EP3521869A1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
| US20200031108A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
| US10981366B2 (en) | 2021-04-20 |
| JP6955705B2 (ja) | 2021-10-27 |
| TWI725237B (zh) | 2021-04-21 |
| CN109791224A (zh) | 2019-05-21 |
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