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WO2017119105A1 - Dispositif de climatisation - Google Patents

Dispositif de climatisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017119105A1
WO2017119105A1 PCT/JP2016/050379 JP2016050379W WO2017119105A1 WO 2017119105 A1 WO2017119105 A1 WO 2017119105A1 JP 2016050379 W JP2016050379 W JP 2016050379W WO 2017119105 A1 WO2017119105 A1 WO 2017119105A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
valve
indoor
heat exchanger
relay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2016/050379
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
要平 馬場
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to JP2017559992A priority Critical patent/JPWO2017119105A1/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2016/050379 priority patent/WO2017119105A1/fr
Priority to GB1806958.3A priority patent/GB2560455B/en
Publication of WO2017119105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017119105A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/0272—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using bridge circuits of one-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner, and particularly relates to measures against refrigerant leakage.
  • a refrigerant that conveys heat flows through a pipe provided between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit, and conditioned air is generated. If a crack or the like occurs in a pipe or the like through which the refrigerant flows, the refrigerant leaks, and the human body may be affected by the filled refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is collected by the heat source side unit when the installed detector detects the refrigerant leak, and the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected.
  • a method for closing an on-off valve installed in a connection pipe has been proposed.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an air conditioner in which first and second on-off valves are provided in a refrigerant pipe connecting an indoor unit and an outdoor unit.
  • the first and second on-off valves provided in the outdoor unit are normally open.
  • the first and second on-off valves are closed. The refrigerant is prevented from flowing out from the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner capable of taking measures against refrigerant leakage without requiring additional components.
  • An air conditioner includes an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor unit having a compressor, a relay throttle device, a relay having a first on-off valve, and a second on-off valve, and an indoor heat exchanger. And an indoor unit that performs cooling and heating, the outdoor heat exchanger, the compressor, the relay throttle device, the first on-off valve, the second on-off valve, and the indoor heat
  • the exchanger constitutes a refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant circulates, and when the indoor unit is in heating operation, the first on-off valve and the relay throttle device are opened, and the refrigerant is transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger, the compression Machine, the first on-off valve, the indoor heat exchanger, and the repeater throttle device are circulated in this order, and when the indoor unit is in cooling operation, the second on-off valve and the repeater throttle device are in an open state, Refrigerant, the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger
  • the relay throttle device, the indoor heat exchanger, and the second open / close valve are circulated
  • relaying from the outdoor unit is performed by sequentially closing the expansion device for the relay that controls the flow of the refrigerant between the outdoor unit and each indoor unit, and the on-off valve.
  • the refrigerant is enclosed before reaching the container. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from leaking in the indoor space.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
  • the air conditioning apparatus 100 includes an outdoor unit 51, a plurality of indoor units 52a and 52b, and a repeater 53 between the outdoor unit 51 and the indoor units 52a and 52b.
  • the outdoor unit 51 and the repeater 53 are connected by a first liquid pipe 104 and a first gas pipe 103 through which a refrigerant flows.
  • the repeater 53 and each of the indoor units 52a and 52b are connected by second liquid pipes 105a and 105b and second gas pipes 106a and 106b.
  • the air conditioner 100 is, for example, the air conditioner 100 in which each indoor unit 52a, 52b can independently perform a cooling operation or a heating operation.
  • the operation mode when the cooling operation and the heating operation are mixed is referred to as a cooling / heating simultaneous operation mode.
  • the outdoor unit 51 includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 2, an accumulator 4, and a refrigerant flow control unit 54.
  • the compressor 1 sucks in refrigerant, compresses it, and discharges it.
  • a first pressure sensor 31 that detects pressure is provided on the discharge side of the compressor 1, and a second pressure sensor 32 that detects pressure is provided on the suction side of the compressor 1.
  • the pressures Pd and Ps detected by the first pressure sensor 31 and the second pressure sensor 32 are sent to the outdoor controller 201.
  • the outdoor side controller 201 functions as a controller that controls the entire air conditioner.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 2 circulates a refrigerant inside, and performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and outdoor air.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 2 functions as an evaporator during heating operation, and evaporates and vaporizes the refrigerant. Further, during cooling operation, it functions as a condenser and condenses and liquefies the refrigerant.
  • the four-way valve 3 is a valve for switching the flow of the refrigerant, and the operation content such as a cooling operation or a heating operation is changed by the switching.
  • the accumulator 4 stores excess liquid refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flow control unit 54 allows the refrigerant flow direction in only one direction.
  • the refrigerant flow control unit 54 includes connection pipes 130, 131, 132, 133 connected at the connection portions a, b, c, d, and check valves 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d that allow the refrigerant flow in one direction. It is comprised by.
  • the refrigerant flow control unit 54 is a part of the components of the outdoor unit 51.
  • the connection pipe 130 connects the connection part c and the connection part a
  • the connection pipe 131 connects the connection part d and the connection part b
  • the connection pipe 132 connects the connection part c and the connection part d.
  • the connection pipe 133 connects the connection part a and the connection part b.
  • the first gas pipe 103 connected to the relay 53 and the high-pressure pipe 102 connected to the compressor 1 are connected by the connection pipe 132, and the low-pressure pipe 101 connected to the compressor 1 and the relay are connected by the connection pipe 133.
  • a first liquid pipe 104 connected to the vessel 53 is connected.
  • the check valve 7a is arranged in the connection pipe 132 and allows the flow of the refrigerant from the connection part c to the connection part d.
  • the check valve 7b is disposed in the connection pipe 133 and allows the refrigerant flow in the direction from the connection part a to the connection part b.
  • the check valve 7c is disposed in the connection pipe 131 and allows the flow of the refrigerant in the direction from the connection part d to the connection part b.
  • the check valve 7d is arranged in the connection pipe 130 and allows the refrigerant flow in the direction from the connection part c to the connection part a.
  • the indoor units 52a and 52b include indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b and indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b.
  • the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b allow the refrigerant that has passed through the relay 53 to flow inside, and exchange heat between the refrigerant and air to be air-conditioned.
  • the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b function as a condenser during the heating operation, and condense and liquefy the refrigerant.
  • the second liquid pipes 105a and 105b connected to the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b are connected at the indoor trifurcation 55a.
  • the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b function as an evaporator during the cooling operation, and evaporate and vaporize the refrigerant.
  • the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b function as pressure reducing valves and expansion valves, and expand the refrigerant by reducing the pressure.
  • the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b only need to be able to adjust the pressure of the refrigerant according to the air conditioning load.
  • flow control means such as an electronic expansion valve can be used.
  • first temperature sensors 33a and 33b, second temperature sensors 34a and 34b, and leak detectors 41a and 41b are arranged in the indoor units 52a and 52b.
  • the first temperature sensors 33a and 33b and the second temperature sensors 34a and 34b detect the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into and out of the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b.
  • the leak detectors 41a and 41b measure the concentration of the refrigerant and detect whether or not it is below a certain concentration.
  • the first temperature sensors 33a and 33b, the second temperature sensors 34a and 34b, and the leak detectors 41a and 41b send detected signals to the indoor controllers 202a and 202b.
  • the relay 53 includes the gas-liquid separator 8, the first on-off valves 9a and 9b, the second on-off valves 10a and 10b, the first expansion device 11, the second expansion device 12, the first heat exchanger 13, and the second The heat exchanger 14 is used.
  • the 1st aperture device 11 is an example of the repeater aperture device of this invention.
  • Each component of the repeater 53 is controlled by the repeater controller 203 and connected by a bypass pipe 110, a repeater liquid pipe 111, and a repeater gas pipe 112.
  • the repeater 53 is connected to the outdoor unit 51 by the first liquid pipe 104 and the first gas pipe 103, and the indoor units 52a and 52b are connected by the second liquid pipes 105a and 105b and the second gas pipes 106a and 106b. Connected to each.
  • the repeater 53 controls the flow of the refrigerant between the outdoor unit 51 and each of the indoor units 52a and 52b, and the indoor units 52a and 52b perform simultaneous cooling and heating operations.
  • the gas-liquid separator 8 separates the refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant, and is connected to the first liquid pipe 104, the relay liquid pipe 111, and the relay gas pipe 112.
  • the first liquid pipe 104 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 8 from the outdoor unit 51
  • the relay liquid pipe 111 is connected to the gas-liquid separator 8 and the relay trident section 55b
  • the relay gas pipe 112 is
  • the gas-liquid separator 8 is connected to each of the first on-off valves 9a and 9b.
  • the second gas pipes 106a and 106b are branched and connected to the first on-off valves 9a and 9b and the second on-off valves 10a and 10b, respectively.
  • the first on-off valves 9 a and 9 b open or close the gas refrigerant flowing through the relay gas pipe 112, or pass the refrigerant in the direction of flowing out from the relay 53.
  • the first on-off valves 9a and 9b are opened when the indoor units 52a and 52b connected via the second gas pipes 106a and 106b are performing the heating operation.
  • the second on-off valves 10a and 10b block the gas refrigerant flowing in from the second gas pipes 106a and 106b of the indoor units 52a and 52b or allow the refrigerant to flow into the relay unit 53.
  • the second on-off valves 10a and 10b are opened when the indoor units 52a and 52b connected via the second gas pipes 106a and 106b are performing the cooling operation.
  • 1st heat exchanger 13 distribute
  • the first expansion device 11 decompresses the liquid refrigerant that has passed through the first heat exchanger 13 and causes the liquid refrigerant to flow into the second heat exchanger 14.
  • the 2nd heat exchanger 14 distribute
  • the first heat exchanger 13, the first expansion device 11, and the second heat exchanger 14 are interposed between the gas-liquid separator 8 and the relay trident section 55b, and are connected by the relay liquid pipe 111. Yes.
  • the bypass pipe 110 connects the relay trifurcation 55b and the first gas pipe 103 via the second expansion device 12, the second heat exchanger 14, and the first heat exchanger 13, and collects the liquid refrigerant. Then, return to the outdoor unit 51.
  • a flow rate control means capable of precise control of the flow rate by changing the opening degree, such as an electronic expansion valve, may be used.
  • the air conditioner 100 performs a cooling only operation, a heating only operation, and a cooling / heating simultaneous operation.
  • a cooling only operation performs a cooling only operation, a heating only operation, and a cooling / heating simultaneous operation.
  • the simultaneous cooling and heating operation two operation modes are possible: a heating main operation when the heating load is high, and a cooling main operation when the cooling load is high. Therefore, the air conditioning apparatus 100 can implement four operation modes.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the refrigerant flow in the refrigerant circuit during the cooling only operation.
  • the arrows in FIG. 2 indicate the direction of the refrigerant.
  • both the indoor units 52a and 52b perform the cooling operation, the first on-off valves 9a and 9b of the relay 53 are closed, and the second on-off valves 10a and 10b are opened.
  • the refrigerant is compressed in the compressor 1, discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 2 from the four-way valve 3.
  • the refrigerant In the outdoor heat exchanger 2, the refrigerant is condensed and liquefied by heat exchange with outdoor air, and flows out from the low-pressure pipe 101 to the refrigerant flow control unit 54.
  • the refrigerant flow control unit 54 In the refrigerant flow control unit 54, the refrigerant passes through the check valve 7 b of the connection pipe 133 without flowing into the connection pipe 130 by the check valve 7 d, flows out of the refrigerant flow control unit 54, and is relayed from the outdoor unit 51. Flows into the vessel 53.
  • the refrigerant is separated into liquid refrigerant and gas refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 8 of the relay 53.
  • all of the refrigerant is liquid refrigerant, so that all of the refrigerant flows into the relay liquid pipe 111 and does not flow through the relay gas pipe 112.
  • the degree of supercooling is increased in the first heat exchanger 13
  • the pressure is reduced to the intermediate pressure in the first expansion device 11, and the subcooling is further performed in the second heat exchanger 14.
  • the degree is increased to reach the repeater trifurcation 55b.
  • the refrigerant is diverted at the relay trifurcation 55 b, partly flows into the bypass pipe 110, and the other part flows out from the relay 53.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the bypass pipe 110 is decompressed to a low pressure in the second expansion device 12, passes through the second heat exchanger 14 and the first heat exchanger 13 in order, and is evaporated by heat exchange to become a gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant in the bypass pipe 110 increases the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant flowing through the relay liquid pipe 111 by heat exchange.
  • the refrigerant that is diverted at the relay trifurcation 55b and flows out of the relay 53 flows through the second liquid pipes 105a and 105b and flows into the indoor units 52a and 52b, respectively.
  • the refrigerant is decompressed in the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b of the indoor units 52a and 52b, and then exchanges heat with the air in the air-conditioning target space in the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b.
  • the refrigerant cools the air in the air-conditioning target space, evaporates and vaporizes, becomes a gas refrigerant, and flows out of the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b. Thereby, cooling of the air-conditioning target space is realized.
  • the refrigerant flows through the second gas pipes 106a and 106b from the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b, flows out from the indoor units 52a and 52b, flows into the relay 53 again, and passes through the opened second on-off valves 10a and 10b. pass.
  • the refrigerant merges with the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe 110 in the first gas pipe 103, flows out of the relay unit 53, and flows into the outdoor unit 51.
  • the refrigerant passes through the check valve 7 a disposed in the connection pipe 132 of the refrigerant flow control unit 54 in the outdoor unit 51, and is sucked into the compressor 1 through the accumulator 4. Thereby, the refrigerant circuit is circulated by the refrigerant.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during the all-heating operation.
  • both the indoor units 52a and 52b perform the heating operation.
  • the refrigerant is compressed in the compressor 1 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, flows into the refrigerant flow control unit 54 from the four-way valve 3, and reaches the connection portion d.
  • the refrigerant cannot flow through the connection pipe 132 from the connection part d by the check valve 7a, flows into the connection pipe 131, passes through the check valve 7c, and flows out of the outdoor unit 51 while passing through the connection part b.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor unit 51 flows through the first liquid pipe 104 and flows into the repeater 53.
  • the refrigerant is separated into gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 8 of the relay 53.
  • all the refrigerant is a gas refrigerant and does not flow into the relay liquid pipe 111.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the gas-liquid separator 8 reaches the first on-off valves 9a and 9b, passes through the open first on-off valves 9a and 9b, and flows out of the relay 53.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the relay unit 53 flows into the indoor units 52a and 52b, exchanges heat with the air in the air-conditioning target space in the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b, and condenses while radiating heat to the air in the air-conditioning target space. Liquefaction. Thereby, the air-conditioning target space is heated.
  • the refrigerant passes through the indoor heat exchangers 5a and 5b, is reduced in pressure in the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b, becomes an intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows out of the indoor units 52a and 52b.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor units 52a and 52b flows through the second liquid pipes 105a and 105b, flows into the relay unit 53, joins the bypass pipe 110 to the first gas pipe 103 via the relay three-pronged portion 55b, and relays. Out of the vessel 53.
  • the refrigerant flows through the first gas pipe 103 and reaches the connection portion c of the refrigerant flow control unit 54.
  • the refrigerant cannot flow through the high-pressure connection pipe 132 in the connection portion c, passes through the check valve 7d of the connection pipe 130, and flows through the low-pressure pipe 101.
  • the refrigerant evaporates by heat exchange with outdoor air while passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 2 from the low-pressure pipe 101 and is sucked into the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 3 and the accumulator 4. Thereby, the refrigerant circuit is circulated by the refrigerant.
  • the cooling / heating simultaneous operation in which the indoor unit 52a performs the heating operation and the indoor unit 52b performs the cooling operation will be described.
  • the first on-off valve 9a and the second on-off valve 10b of the relay 53 are in the open state, and the first on-off valve 9b and the second on-off valve 10a are in the closed state.
  • the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1, condensed and liquefied by exchanging heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 2, and flows out as a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the amount of refrigerant condensed and liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 2, that is, the ratio of gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant, is determined according to the ratio of cooling load and heating load.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the relay 53 is separated into a liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 8, of which the liquid refrigerant flows into the relay liquid pipe 111 and the gas refrigerant flows into the relay gas pipe 112.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing into the relay liquid pipe 111 passes through the first heat exchanger 13, the first expansion device 11, and the second heat exchanger 14, the degree of supercooling is increased, and the liquid refrigerant reaches the relay trifurcation 55b. .
  • the refrigerant is diverted so that a part of the refrigerant flows through the bypass pipe 110 and the other part flows out of the repeater 53.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the bypass pipe 110 from the relay trifurcation 55b absorbs heat and evaporates while passing through the second expansion device 12, the second heat exchanger 14, and the first heat exchanger 13. It vaporizes and reaches the first gas pipe 103.
  • the gas refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator 8 and flowing into the relay gas pipe 112 reaches the first on-off valves 9a and 9b, passes through the open first on-off valve 9a, and flows out of the relay 53. Then, it flows into the indoor unit 52a through the second gas pipe 106a.
  • the refrigerant passes through the indoor heat exchanger 5a of the indoor unit 52a and condenses and liquefies while dissipating heat to the air in the air-conditioning target space by heat exchange. Thereby, the air-conditioning target space is heated.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 5a is depressurized by the indoor expansion device 6a to become an intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant, flows out of the indoor unit 52a, passes through the second liquid pipe 105a, and reaches the indoor trifurcation 55a. .
  • the pipe 105b is circulated.
  • the refrigerant is decompressed in the indoor expansion device 6b in the indoor unit 52b from the second liquid pipe 105b and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 5b.
  • the refrigerant evaporates and vaporizes by heat exchange with the air in the air-conditioning target space, and flows out as a gas refrigerant. Thereby, the air-conditioning target space is cooled.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 5 b passes through the opened second on-off valve 10 b and reaches the first gas pipe 103.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the second on-off valve 10 b merges with the refrigerant that has passed through the bypass pipe 110 that also reaches the first gas pipe 103, and flows through the first gas pipe 103 to the refrigerant flow control unit 54 of the outdoor unit 51. Inflow.
  • the refrigerant passes through the check valve 7 a provided in the connection pipe 132 of the refrigerant flow control unit 54, and is sucked into the compressor 1 from the four-way valve 3 through the accumulator 4. Thereby, the refrigerant circuit is circulated by the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant is compressed and discharged by the compressor 1, passes through the four-way valve 3, and reaches the connection part d of the refrigerant flow control unit 54. Since the refrigerant cannot flow through the connection pipe 132 from the connection part d by the check valve 7a, the refrigerant passes through the check valve 7c provided in the connection pipe 131, flows out of the outdoor unit 51 through the first liquid pipe 104, and repeater 53.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the relay 53 flows from the gas-liquid separator 8 into the relay gas pipe 112. At this time, since the heating main operation is performed, there is no liquid refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator 8, and the refrigerant does not flow into the relay liquid pipe 111.
  • the refrigerant flows through the relay gas pipe 112, reaches the first on-off valves 9a and 9b, passes through the open first on-off valve 9a, flows out of the relay 53, and passes through the second gas pipe 106a. It flows into the indoor unit 52a.
  • the refrigerant passes through the indoor heat exchanger 5a of the indoor unit 52a and condenses and liquefies while dissipating heat to the air in the air-conditioning target space by heat exchange. Thereby, the air-conditioning target space is heated.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 5a is depressurized by the indoor expansion device 6a to become an intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant, flows from the indoor unit 52a into the second liquid pipe 105a, and reaches the indoor trifurcation 55a.
  • the refrigerant is diverted at the indoor trifurcation 55a, and a part of the refrigerant flows into the repeater 53 and flows through the bypass pipe 110.
  • the other part of the divided refrigerant flows into the indoor unit 52b from the second liquid pipe 105b, is decompressed in the indoor expansion device 6b of the indoor unit 52b, and exchanges heat with air in the air-conditioning target space in the indoor heat exchanger 5b. Is done.
  • circulates the indoor heat exchanger 5b evaporates and vaporizes, and air-conditioning object space is cooled.
  • circulates the 2nd gas piping 106b from the indoor heat exchanger 5b, and passes the 2nd on-off valve 10b which is an open state.
  • the refrigerant that has passed through the second on-off valve 10 b merges with the refrigerant that has circulated through the bypass pipe 110, flows out of the repeater 53 through the first gas pipe 103, and flows into the outdoor unit 51.
  • the refrigerant flow control unit 54 of the outdoor unit 51 the refrigerant passes through the check valve 7d disposed in the connection pipe 130 and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 2 from the low pressure pipe 101.
  • the refrigerant evaporates and drops by heat exchange in the outdoor heat exchanger 2 and is sucked into the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 3 and the accumulator 4. Thereby, the refrigerant circuit is circulated by the refrigerant.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship of devices related to control in the air conditioning apparatus 100 of FIG.
  • the outdoor side controller 201 is electrically connected to each of the indoor side controllers 202 a and 202 b and the repeater controller 203.
  • the outdoor side controller 201 has a function as a main controller that controls the air conditioner 100.
  • the outdoor side controller 201 has a timer (not shown) for measuring time.
  • the outdoor side controller 201 is based on the information notified from the indoor side controllers 202a and 202b and the repeater controller 203 with respect to each of the indoor side controllers 202a and 202b and the repeater controller 203. Determine and notify instructions.
  • the outdoor controller 201 acquires the pressures Pd and Ps detected by the first pressure sensor 31 and the second pressure sensor 32 provided in the outdoor unit 51, the operating frequency Fa of the compressor 1, and the outdoor heat exchanger 2 capacity AKa is controlled.
  • the indoor controllers 202a and 202b detect the temperatures T33a and T33b and T34a and T34b by the first temperature sensors 33a and 33b and the second temperature sensors 34a and 34b, and notify the outdoor controller 201 of them. Moreover, the indoor side controllers 202a and 202b detect the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage by the leakage detectors 41a and 41b, and notify the outdoor side controller 201 of them. Further, based on the temperatures T33a and T33b and T34a and T34b, the respective opening degree LEV6a and LEV6b of the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b are calculated and notified to the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b.
  • the repeater controller 203 In response to an instruction from the outdoor controller 201, the repeater controller 203 notifies the first throttle device 11 and the second throttle device 12 of the openings LEV11 and LEV12, and the first on-off valves 9a and 9b. And instructing the second on-off valves 10a and 10b to open and close.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a process for determining the opening degree LEV6a of the indoor expansion device 6a of the indoor unit 52a.
  • the opening degree LEV6a of the indoor expansion devices 6a and 6b is controlled by a controller that controls the entire air conditioner, and in this example, is controlled by the outdoor controller 201.
  • the outdoor side controller 201 acquires the initial value LEV6i of the opening degree LEV6a of the indoor expansion device 6a and starts measuring the timer.
  • step S1 it is determined whether or not the predetermined time tm has elapsed.
  • step S2 the timer is reset to zero, and the process proceeds to step S3.
  • step S3 the outdoor side controller 201 acquires the temperature T33a and the temperature T34a detected by the first temperature sensor 33a and the second temperature sensor 34a.
  • the temperature T33a and the temperature T34a represent the saturation temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the refrigerant.
  • step S4 the indoor controller 202a calculates the difference SH between the temperature T33a and the temperature T34a.
  • step S5 the outdoor controller 201 calculates a difference ⁇ SH between the temperature difference SH and the target value temperature difference SHm.
  • step S6 the indoor controller 202a calculates a correction value ⁇ LEV6a of the opening of the indoor expansion device 6a.
  • the correction value ⁇ LEV6a may be obtained by, for example, calculating a coefficient k2 in advance by a test or the like and multiplying the coefficient k2 by the difference ⁇ SH.
  • step S7 the outdoor controller 201 adds the correction value ⁇ LEV6a to the current opening degree LEV6a of the indoor expansion device 6a, and sets it as a new opening degree LEV6a of the indoor expansion device 6a.
  • step S8 the outdoor side controller 201 determines whether or not to end the operation, and if it is determined to end, the process ends. For example, the indoor throttling device 6a may be fully closed. If it is determined that the process is not finished, the process returns to step S1, and the processes from step S1 to step S8 are repeated every predetermined time.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of processing performed by the outdoor controller 201 when refrigerant leaks.
  • the outdoor side controller 201 starts measuring a timer.
  • step S11 the outdoor side controller 201 determines whether or not the predetermined time tm2 has elapsed. If it is determined that it has elapsed, the outdoor controller 201 resets the timer in step S12 and proceeds to step S13.
  • step S13 the outdoor controller 201 determines whether or not refrigerant leakage is detected by the leakage detector 41a.
  • the leak detector 41a may be provided in a space where the indoor unit 52a is disposed. If it is determined in step S13 that refrigerant leakage has been detected, the process proceeds to step S14. If it is determined that refrigerant leakage has not been detected, the process returns to step S11.
  • step S14 the outdoor side controller 201 instructs the start of the cooling only operation, and proceeds to step S15.
  • step S ⁇ b> 15 the outdoor side controller 201 fully closes the opening degrees of the first throttle device 11 and the second throttle device 12 of the relay 53.
  • step S ⁇ b> 16 the outdoor side controller 201 determines whether or not the pressure Ps detected by the second pressure sensor 32 of the outdoor unit 51 is equal to or lower than the pressure a.
  • the pressure a is a value determined in advance by a test or the like, and is an example of a reference value of the present invention.
  • the outdoor controller 201 When determining that the pressure Ps is equal to or lower than the pressure a, the outdoor controller 201 proceeds to step S17 and closes the second on-off valves 10a and 10b of the repeater 53. As a result, the first on-off valves 9a and 9b and the second on-off valves 10a and 10b, which are closed by the cooling operation, are all closed. And in step S18, the outdoor side controller 201 complete
  • the air conditioner 100 is normally operated using the first on-off valves 9a and 9b, the second on-off valves 10a and 10b, the first throttling device 11, and the second throttling device 12.
  • the cooling operation is started by the indoor units 52a and 52b, the first expansion device 11 and the second expansion device 12 are closed, and the indoor units 52a and 52b are closed.
  • the refrigerant is recovered. Thereafter, the first on-off valves 9a and 9b and the second on-off valves 10a and 10b are closed, and the refrigerant flow is completely blocked.
  • the refrigerant includes the first on-off valves 9a and 9b, the second on-off valves 10a and 10b, the compressor 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 2, the first expansion device 11, and the second expansion device 12. It is collected and sealed in the pipe connecting the two.
  • the first on-off valves 9a and 9b, the second on-off valves 10a and 10b, the first throttling device 11, and the second throttling are provided even if no on-off valve or the like for when the refrigerant leaks is provided.
  • the control of the device 12 can prevent the refrigerant from flowing out of the indoor units 52a and 52b. Further, there is no need to prepare an additional on-off valve, purchase an on-off valve, or install an additional on-off valve. The number of parts is reduced, the possibility of failure is low, and a highly reliable system can be obtained.
  • the recovered refrigerant is enclosed in the refrigerant circuit of the outdoor unit 51 and the refrigerant circuit of the relay 53, a comparison is made with a case where an on-off valve for refrigerant leakage is installed in the outdoor unit 51.
  • an on-off valve for refrigerant leakage is installed in the outdoor unit 51.
  • a large amount of refrigerant can be sealed.
  • coolants can be enclosed by making the piping volume of the refrigerant circuit of the outdoor unit 51 and the repeater 53 into more than the refrigerant
  • the throttle device that is open during cooling and heating operation, and the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve that are opened and closed by cooling and heating are all connected when refrigerant leaks. Can be closed. Thereby, the flow of the refrigerant is stopped to prevent damage due to the refrigerant leakage, and it is not necessary to provide an on-off valve individually for stopping the flow of the refrigerant when the refrigerant leaks.
  • the refrigerant since the refrigerant is discharged from the indoor units 52a and 52b in a state where the refrigerant does not flow into the indoor units 52a and 52b from the relay 53, the refrigerant from the indoor units 52a and 52b is discharged. Leakage can be prevented.
  • the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve are closed after it is determined that the refrigerant has been recovered by the outdoor unit 51 and the relay 53. Therefore, the refrigerant leaking from the indoor units 52a and 52b can be prevented.
  • the air conditioner according to the present invention since the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped after the refrigerant circuit is blocked, leakage of the refrigerant can be reliably stopped.
  • the outdoor unit 51 and the relay 53 are provided with an on-off valve in the outdoor unit 51. A larger capacity of refrigerant can be accommodated.
  • the leakage of the refrigerant is detected by the leakage detector.
  • the entire operation of the air conditioner 100 is controlled by the outdoor controller 201 of the outdoor unit 51.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un dispositif de climatisation qui permet de prendre des mesures contre la fuite d'un fluide frigorigène sans nécessité d'utiliser un composant supplémentaire. Le dispositif de climatisation comprend: une unité extérieure comportant un échangeur thermique extérieur et un compresseur; un relais comportant un dispositif d'étranglement de relais, une première vanne d'ouverture-fermeture, et une seconde vanne d'ouverture-fermeture; et des unités intérieures comportant chacune un échangeur thermique intérieur et effectuant chacune des opérations de refroidissement et de chauffage. Le dispositif de climatisation délimite un circuit de fluide frigorigène dans lequel circule un fluide frigorigène. Pendant une opération de chauffage des unités intérieures, la première vanne d'ouverture-fermeture et le dispositif d'étranglement de relais sont amenés dans une position ouverte assurant la circulation du fluide frigorigène. Pendant une opération de refroidissement des unités intérieures, la seconde vanne d'ouverture-fermeture et le dispositif d'étranglement de relais sont amenés dans une position ouverte assurant la circulation du fluide frigorigène. En cas de fuite du fluide frigorigène, la première vanne d'ouverture-fermeture, la seconde vanne d'ouverture-fermeture, et le dispositif d'étranglement relais sont placés dans un état fermé, confinant ainsi le fluide frigorigène à l'intérieur de son circuit qui est délimité par la première vanne d'ouverture-fermeture, la seconde vanne d'ouverture-fermeture, le compresseur, l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur et le dispositif d'étranglement de relais.
PCT/JP2016/050379 2016-01-07 2016-01-07 Dispositif de climatisation Ceased WO2017119105A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017559992A JPWO2017119105A1 (ja) 2016-01-07 2016-01-07 空気調和装置
PCT/JP2016/050379 WO2017119105A1 (fr) 2016-01-07 2016-01-07 Dispositif de climatisation
GB1806958.3A GB2560455B (en) 2016-01-07 2016-01-07 Air-conditioning apparatus

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2016/050379 WO2017119105A1 (fr) 2016-01-07 2016-01-07 Dispositif de climatisation

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019038797A1 (fr) * 2017-08-21 2019-02-28 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation et unité détendeur
JP2022066443A (ja) * 2017-12-25 2022-04-28 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002061996A (ja) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-28 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 空気調和機
JP2011021838A (ja) * 2009-07-16 2011-02-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置および冷凍サイクル装置の制御方法
WO2015072342A1 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-21 ダイキン工業株式会社 Climatiseur
WO2015140994A1 (fr) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 Unité côté source de chaleur et climatiseur
JP2015209979A (ja) * 2014-04-23 2015-11-24 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4076753B2 (ja) * 2001-10-26 2008-04-16 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002061996A (ja) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-28 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 空気調和機
JP2011021838A (ja) * 2009-07-16 2011-02-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置および冷凍サイクル装置の制御方法
WO2015072342A1 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-21 ダイキン工業株式会社 Climatiseur
WO2015140994A1 (fr) * 2014-03-20 2015-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 Unité côté source de chaleur et climatiseur
JP2015209979A (ja) * 2014-04-23 2015-11-24 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019038797A1 (fr) * 2017-08-21 2019-02-28 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation et unité détendeur
JP2022066443A (ja) * 2017-12-25 2022-04-28 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置

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JPWO2017119105A1 (ja) 2018-08-30
GB2560455B (en) 2020-09-23
GB2560455A (en) 2018-09-12

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