WO2017154413A1 - 発光装置 - Google Patents
発光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017154413A1 WO2017154413A1 PCT/JP2017/003348 JP2017003348W WO2017154413A1 WO 2017154413 A1 WO2017154413 A1 WO 2017154413A1 JP 2017003348 W JP2017003348 W JP 2017003348W WO 2017154413 A1 WO2017154413 A1 WO 2017154413A1
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- phosphor
- phosphor particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7774—Aluminates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
- F21V13/12—Combinations of only three kinds of elements
- F21V13/14—Combinations of only three kinds of elements the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements, reflectors and refractors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
- F21V9/32—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source characterised by the arrangement of the photoluminescent material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
- F21V9/38—Combination of two or more photoluminescent elements of different materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/81—Bodies
- H10H20/817—Bodies characterised by the crystal structures or orientations, e.g. polycrystalline, amorphous or porous
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/851—Wavelength conversion means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/851—Wavelength conversion means
- H10H20/8511—Wavelength conversion means characterised by their material, e.g. binder
- H10H20/8512—Wavelength conversion materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/855—Optical field-shaping means, e.g. lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/005—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S5/0087—Optical components external to the laser cavity, specially adapted therefor, e.g. for homogenisation or merging of the beams or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping for illuminating phosphorescent or fluorescent materials, e.g. using optical arrangements specifically adapted for guiding or shaping laser beams illuminating these materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/02208—Mountings; Housings characterised by the shape of the housings
- H01S5/02212—Can-type, e.g. TO-CAN housings with emission along or parallel to symmetry axis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/32—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures
- H01S5/323—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/32308—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser emitting light at a wavelength less than 900 nm
- H01S5/32341—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising PN junctions, e.g. hetero- or double- heterostructures in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser emitting light at a wavelength less than 900 nm blue laser based on GaN or GaP
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light emitting device including a solid light emitting element and a wavelength converter including a phosphor.
- a light-emitting device in which a solid light-emitting element and a wavelength converter including a phosphor are combined is known.
- a white LED light source as described in Patent Document 1
- a laser illumination device and a laser projector as described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 are known.
- Many light emitting devices having a light source for irradiating laser light have a structure in which phosphor particles are fixed to a flat surface of a substrate having a flat surface, and generally high light density excitation of the phosphor is performed ( For example, see Patent Document 6).
- a garnet phosphor activated with Ce 3+ is often used.
- a typical example of this garnet phosphor is a YAG phosphor, which is represented by a general formula of Y 3 Al 2 (AlO 4 ): Ce 3+ .
- This YAG phosphor becomes a phosphor emitting green light by substituting part of Al in the crystal lattice with Ga or substituting part of Y with Lu. It is also known that this YAG phosphor becomes a phosphor emitting yellow light by substituting part of Y of the crystal lattice with Gd (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 5). .
- the Ce 3+ activation amount of a YAG-based phosphor used in a light-emitting device having a solid-state light emitting element as an excitation source of the phosphor is usually 2 to 3 atomic% with respect to the total number of rare earth ions in the crystal lattice. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
- particle size of the YAG-based phosphor used a solid-state light-emitting element in the light emitting device in which the excitation source of the phosphor is generally about 10 [mu] m, the large It is about 25 micrometers (for example, refer patent document 4, 5).
- the particle shape of the YAG phosphor is mostly derived from the garnet crystal structure.
- the original shape derived from the crystal structure of the garnet is a rhomboid dodecahedron or an anisotropic polyhedron polyhedron.
- the particle shape of the YAG phosphor generally has a shape of a pseudo rhombus dodecahedron or a quasi-biased polyhedron with rounded edges of the polyhedron. If anything, it is closer to a sphere than a polyhedron. Shape.
- a part of Y is substituted with Gd (Y, Gd) 3 Al 2 (AlO 4 ): Ce 3+ yellow phosphor Often used. This is because white light having a relatively good color tone can be obtained by additive color mixing of the blue light emitted from the solid light emitting element and the yellow light emitted from the yellow phosphor.
- a conventional light emitting device including a solid light emitting element and a wavelength converter including a phosphor has a problem in that the manufacturing cost is high when a phosphor or a ceramic made of a single crystal grown by a pulling method is used. there were.
- the conventional light emitting device using a phosphor or fluorescent ceramic made of a single crystal grown by this pulling method and including a solid light emitting element and a wavelength converter including the phosphor has a low light extraction efficiency and emits light. There was a problem of low. In order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the light emitting device, it is preferable to use a powdered phosphor.
- the light emitting device configured to excite the powdered phosphor with high light density has a problem that the light emission efficiency is low and the light emission output is low.
- the above problem in the case of using a powdered phosphor is remarkably recognized in a light-emitting device configured to excite the phosphor with laser light, particularly a light-emitting device that emits a large amount of red light components.
- the above problem in the case of using a powdered phosphor is considered to be caused by a decrease in efficiency (temperature quenching) of the phosphor due to a temperature rise of the phosphor accompanying high light density excitation.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost high-power light-emitting device that emits white light suitable as illumination light at a high output.
- a light-emitting device includes a substrate and a phosphor layer in which a large number of phosphor particles are fixed on a flat surface of the substrate. At least one of the phosphor particles is monodispersed and is a polyhedral phosphor particle having a facet surface derived from a garnet crystal structure, and the center particle diameter D 50 of the polyhedral phosphor particle is 30 ⁇ m. Above and below the maximum thickness of the phosphor layer.
- 6 is an example of an SEM photograph of the surface of a phosphor layer of a wavelength converter that constitutes a light emitting device according to Example 2.
- 6 is an example of an SEM photograph of the surface of a phosphor layer of a wavelength converter that constitutes a light emitting device according to Example 2.
- It is an example of the SEM photograph of the torn surface which fractured
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- the light-emitting device 1 includes a solid-state light-emitting element 10 and a wavelength converter 50 including a plurality of types of phosphors that receive primary light emitted from the solid-state light-emitting element and emit light.
- the light-emitting device 1 further includes a lens 20 that condenses the primary light emitted from the solid light-emitting element 10 on the wavelength converter 50 between the solid light-emitting element 10 and the wavelength converter 50.
- the light emitting device 1 emits fluorescence F when the primary light L emitted from the solid light emitting element 10 is incident on the wavelength converter 50 through the lens 20. It is. If the primary light does not need to be collected on the wavelength converter 50, the lens 20 may be omitted. That is, the lens 20 is not an essential configuration for the light emitting device 1.
- the type of phosphor included in the wavelength converter 50 is specific.
- the solid state light emitting device 10 is a solid state light emitting device that emits primary light.
- a solid state light emitting device for example, a light emitting diode or a laser diode such as a surface emitting laser diode is used.
- the solid state light emitting device 10 emits primary light L. It is preferable that the solid light emitting element 10 emits laser light because the light emitting device 1 can be reduced in size and output.
- the phosphor contained in the wavelength converter 50 easily emits light efficiently. Further, if the primary light has a maximum intensity within the above wavelength region, the primary light becomes blue light with good visibility, and not only as excitation light of the phosphor but also as output light of the light emitting device 1. It is preferable because it can be used without waste.
- the lens 20 condenses the primary light L emitted from the solid light emitting element 10 on the wavelength converter 50.
- the primary light L is condensed on the wavelength converter 50 via the lens 20. If the primary light L does not need to be collected on the wavelength converter 50, the lens 20 may not be in the light emitting device. That is, the lens 20 is not an essential configuration for the light emitting device. Further, an optical fiber can be used instead of the lens 20 as in the light emitting device 1A according to the second embodiment described later.
- the wavelength converter 50 includes a phosphor that receives primary light and emits light.
- the present embodiment is characterized by the configuration of the wavelength converter 50.
- the wavelength converter 50 includes a substrate 30 and a phosphor layer 40 in which a large number of monodispersed phosphor particles 60 are fixed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30.
- at least one of the phosphor particles 60 is a polyhedral phosphor particle 65 having a facet surface 70 derived from the garnet crystal structure.
- the center particle diameter D 50 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 is 30 ⁇ m or more and less than the maximum thickness of the phosphor layer 40.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the wavelength converter 50 constituting the light emitting device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the wavelength converter 50 includes a substrate 30 through which primary light is transmitted, and a phosphor layer 40 formed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and having a large number of phosphor particles 60 fixed thereto. Is provided.
- the substrate 30 can form the phosphor layer 40 on the flat surface 32 thereof.
- a transparent substrate or a metal substrate can be used.
- a quartz substrate or a translucent fluorescent ceramic substrate is used.
- an aluminum substrate is used as the metal substrate.
- the phosphor layer 40 is formed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30, and a large number of phosphor particles 60 are fixed thereto.
- the phosphor particles 60 are usually fixed by a fixing portion 80 made of a binder.
- the phosphor particles 60 and the transparent substrate 33 are usually fixed by a fixing portion 80 made of a binder.
- a fixing portion 80 a portion interposed between the phosphor particles 60 is referred to as a phosphor particle fixing portion 85, and a portion interposed between the phosphor particles 60 and the transparent substrate 33 is a substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81. That's it.
- the fixing portion 80 will be described in detail later.
- the fixing is usually performed by thermal diffusion of the elements constituting the phosphor particles, fusion between the phosphor particles, melting and solidification of the binder interposed between the phosphor particles, and fine particles interposed between the phosphor particles ( For example, by the intermolecular force of the nanoparticles).
- all of the phosphor particles 60 constituting the phosphor layer 40 are polyhedral phosphor particles 65 having facet surfaces 70.
- the polyhedron-shaped phosphor particles 65 mean those of the phosphor particles 60 that have a polyhedron shape having a facet surface 70.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the phosphor particles 60 that are not polyhedral have different shapes but the same composition.
- at least one of the phosphor particles 60 fixed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 is a polyhedral phosphor particle.
- a wavelength converter of 65 can also be used.
- the flat facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 form the fixing portion 80 (substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81). And are fixed so as to be in surface contact. That is, the wavelength converter 50 of the light-emitting device 1 has a substrate-phosphor fixing portion that fixes the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 in the phosphor layer 40. 81.
- the flat facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed so as to be in surface contact with each other via the fixing portion 80 (the fluorescent particle fixing portion 85). Yes. That is, the wavelength converter 50 of the light emitting device 1 includes the phosphor particle fixing part 85 that fixes the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65.
- the wavelength converter 50 of the light emitting device 1 is in surface contact between the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and the facet surfaces 70 of the phosphor particles 65 and between the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent phosphor particles 65.
- the substrate-phosphor fixing part 81 and the phosphor particle fixing part 85 are fixed.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wavelength converter constituting a conventional light emitting device.
- the phosphor particles 95 constituting the phosphor layer 90 are in a granular form without the facet surface 70 with good heat propagation. For this reason, in the conventional wavelength converter 150 shown in FIG. 3, heat propagation between the granular phosphor particles 95 constituting the phosphor layer 90 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30, and the adjacent granular phosphors. The heat propagation between the particles 95 is not good.
- the conventional wavelength converter 150 since the heat
- the facet plane 70 means a flat crystal plane as seen on an atomic scale. In general, the facet plane 70 is found in single crystal grains having excellent crystal quality.
- the polyhedral phosphor particle 65 means a phosphor particle having a faceted surface derived from the garnet crystal structure out of the phosphor particle 60. Therefore, the polyhedral phosphor particle 65 is a subordinate concept of the phosphor particle 60.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where all of the phosphor particles 60 are polyhedral phosphor particles 65.
- the phosphor particles 60 are prepared so as to have a specific composition and a particle size within a specific range so that most or substantially all of the obtained phosphor particles 60 are polyhedral phosphor particles 65. Can do. On the other hand, even if it is a specific composition, the phosphor particle 60 with a small particle size may not become the polyhedral phosphor particle 65.
- the composition and particle size of the phosphor particles 60 will be described later.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 being monodispersed means that each of the plurality of polyhedral phosphor particles 65 is not a polycrystal but a single crystal having no fracture surface. To do. If the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are monodispersed, the particle size, form, structure, and composition tend to be almost uniform.
- the substantially uniform particle size means that the standard deviation of the particle size of the plurality of polyhedral phosphor particles 65 is within 10%.
- the polyhedral shape having the facet surface 70 derived from the crystal structure of the garnet means that the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are rhomboid dodecahedron or oblique polyhedron, or an edge connecting the facet surfaces 70 in these shapes. It means that the part has a rounded shape.
- a shape in which an edge portion connecting adjacent facet surfaces 70 is rounded is called a pseudo rhombus dodecahedron shape, and in an oblique polyhedron shape, an edge portion connecting adjacent facet surfaces 70 is rounded. This shape is referred to as a pseudo-orthogonal polyhedral shape.
- a shape including a rhombus dodecahedron shape, an anisotropic polyhedron shape, a pseudo rhombus dodecahedron shape, and a pseudo rhombohedron shape is referred to as a “garnet-derived polyhedron shape”.
- the polyhedron-shaped phosphor particles 65 transmit heat between the phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and the polyhedron shape via the facet surface 70 which is a plane portion of the garnet-derived polyhedron-shaped surface. It propagates between the phosphor particles 65.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 of the present embodiment only have to be able to propagate heat via the facet surface 70. For this reason, the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 of the present embodiment have a garnet-derived polyhedron that is a concept including a pseudo rhomboid dodecahedron or an anisotropic polyhedron, in addition to a strict rhombus dodecahedron or an anisotropic polyhedron. Shape can be adopted.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 used in the present embodiment have substantially no crushing surface except when intentionally crushing. For this reason, the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are high crystal quality particles with few surface defects.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 used in the present embodiment have a clear facet surface 70, and thus are single crystal particles having high crystal quality and few lattice defects inside the particles. For this reason, the wavelength converter 50 and the light-emitting device 1 using the polyhedron-shaped phosphor particles 65 achieve both high luminous efficiency and high thermal conductivity.
- At least one of the phosphor particles 60 fixed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 is monodispersed and has a polyhedral shape having a facet surface derived from the crystal structure of garnet. Phosphor particles are preferred. That is, in the phosphor layer 40 of the present embodiment, at least one of the phosphor particles 60 fixed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 is preferably a polyhedral phosphor particle 65. When the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30, the propagation of heat between the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 constituting the phosphor layer 40 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30. Will be better.
- the phosphor particle 60 used in the present embodiment is a garnet compound including an emission center that is an ion that emits fluorescence, both a polyhedral phosphor particle 65 and a non-polyhedral phosphor particle 65.
- This garnet compound has a base crystal represented by the following general formula (1).
- phosphor particles 60 having a garnet structure are obtained.
- the phosphor particles 60 that are not the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 do not show a garnet-derived polyhedral shape like the polyhedral phosphor particles 65, but have the same composition as the polyhedral phosphor particles 65. is there.
- phosphor particles 60 that are not the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are simply referred to as phosphor particles 60.
- a ′, B ′, and C ′ are metal elements that can form a garnet structure
- X is a nonmetallic element that can form a garnet structure.
- An example of the metal element A ′ of the general formula (1) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth element, and transition metal.
- alkaline earth metal refers to Ca, Sr, Ba and Ra.
- a specific example of the metal element A ′ is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, Ln, and Mn.
- Ln represents a lanthanoid having element numbers 57 to 71.
- An example of the metal element B ′ of the general formula (1) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, rare earth elements, transition metals, alkaline earth metals, and carbon group elements.
- Specific examples of the metal element B ′ are selected from Mg, Sc, Y, Lu, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Cr, Nb, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Ga, In, and Sn. At least one element.
- An example of the metal element C ′ of the general formula (1) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, transition metals, alkaline earth metals, carbon group elements, and nitrogen group elements.
- a specific example of the metal element C ′ is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, V, Fe, Al, Ga, Si, Ge, and P.
- nonmetallic element X of the general formula (1) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, chalcogen, and halogen.
- a specific example of the nonmetallic element X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of N, O, F, Cl, and the like.
- the microscopic structure of the phosphor particle 60 is obtained by introducing the luminescence center into the host crystal having the composition represented by the general formula (1).
- the emission center for example, at least one ion selected from the group consisting of rare earth ions, transition metal ions, and typical metal ions is used.
- the rare earth ions for example, Ce 3+, Pr 3+, Nd 3+, Sm 3+, Sm 2+, Eu 3+, Eu 2+, Gd 3+, Tb 3+, Dy 3+, Ho 3+, Er 3+, Tm 3+, Yb 3+ and the like Used.
- transition metal ion for example, Ti 4+ , Cr 3+ , Mn 2+ , Mn 4+ , Fe 3+ , Cu + , Ag + and the like are used.
- typical metal ions for example, Tl + , Sn 3+ , Pb 2+ , Bi 3+ , Sb 3+ and the like are used.
- a rare earth ion capable of emitting fluorescence under excitation of light emitted from the solid state light emitting device is preferable.
- Ce 3+ is used among the rare earth ions and a Ce 3+ activated phosphor having a structure in which the garnet compound contains at least Ce 3+ is prepared
- the Ce 3+ activated phosphor absorbs blue light and absorbs blue light. It has a wavelength conversion function for converting into long wavelength light. For this reason, the Ce 3+ activated phosphor having a structure in which the garnet compound contains at least Ce 3+ is preferable for a light emitting device.
- Ce 3+ activated phosphor having a garnet structure host crystal represented by the general formula (1) and activated by the emission center Ce 3+ examples include Y 3 Al 2 (AlO 4 ) 3 : Ce 3+. , (Y, Gd) 3 Al 2 (AlO 4 ) 3 : Ce 3+ , Y 3 Ga 2 (AlO 4 ) 3 : Ce 3+ , Lu 3 Al 2 (AlO 4 ) 3 : Ce 3+ , Tb 3 Al 2 (AlO 4) 3: Ce 3+, Y 3 Al 2 (AlO 4) 3: Ce 3+, Pr 3+, Y 3 Mg 2 (AlO 4) (SiO 4) 2: Ce 3+, Y 3 MgAl (AlO 4) 2 (SiO 4 ): Ce 3+ , Lu 2 CaMg 2 (SiO 4 ) 3 : Ce 3+ , Ca 3 Sc 2 (SiO 4 ) 3 : Ce 3+ , BaY 2 Al 2 (
- the activation amount of the emission center for the host crystal represented by the general formula (1) is usually 0.01 atomic% or more and 10 atomic% of the total number of atoms of A ′ in the general formula (1). Is less than.
- the activation amount of the emission center (Ce 3+ ) is 0.1 atomic% of the total number of atoms of A ′ in the general formula (1). The content is preferably less than 5 atomic%.
- the activation amount of Ce 3+ is 0.01 of the total number of atoms of A ′ in the general formula (1). It is preferable to set it to atomic% or more and less than 1 atomic%, especially 0.01 atomic% or more and less than 0.3 atomic%.
- the phosphor particles 60 are excited by laser light because the light emitting device 1 can have high output.
- the phosphor particles 60 used in the present embodiment have the above composition, many or substantially all of the obtained phosphor particles 60 are prepared by adjusting the particle diameter so as to fall within the specific range of the present embodiment.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 can be obtained.
- the phosphor particles 60 are chemically stable because they are garnet phosphors, a light emitting device with excellent reliability can be obtained.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 have an area of at least one facet surface 70 preferably exceeding 200 ⁇ m 2 , more preferably exceeding 250 ⁇ m 2 . Further, in the polyhedral phosphor particles 65, the area of at least one facet surface 70 is more preferably more than 300 ⁇ m 2 , particularly preferably more than 400 ⁇ m 2 . When the area of at least one facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 exceeds 200 ⁇ m 2 , it is preferable because heat propagation between the phosphor layer 40 and the substrate 30 is good.
- the heat generated between the phosphor layer 40 and the substrate 30 is reduced. This is preferable because of good propagation.
- a plurality of polyhedral phosphor particles 65 having an area of at least one facet surface 70 exceeding 200 ⁇ m 2 are fixed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30, the phosphor particles 65 are disposed between the phosphor layer 40 and the substrate 30. This is preferable because heat propagation is better.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 fixed on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 have a facet surface 70 having an area exceeding 200 ⁇ m 2 via the substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81 and the flat surface of the substrate 30. It is desirable to be fixed to the surface 32. In this case, heat transfer from the phosphor layer 40 to the substrate 30 becomes better.
- the area of the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 fixed to the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 via the substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81 is more preferably more than 250 ⁇ m 2 , and even more preferably 300 ⁇ m 2. More preferably 400 ⁇ m 2 .
- the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 are fixed so as to be in surface contact with each other because heat transfer from the phosphor layer 40 to the substrate 30 is better.
- the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 are fixed so that they are in surface contact with each other.
- 32 means that they are fixed while being opposed in a parallel or almost parallel state. This parallel or almost parallel state means that the angle formed between the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 is in the range of ⁇ 10 ° to + 10 °. .
- the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 are fixed through a fixing portion 80 (substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81) made of a binder.
- a fixing portion 80 substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81
- the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 to be fixed and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 are not parallel.
- the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particle 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 are fixed. This is preferable because heat is favorably transmitted to and from the flat surface 32.
- Phosphor particles 65 of the polyhedral shape is not more than the maximum thickness of the center diameter D 50 30 [mu] m or more and the phosphor layer 40 is greater than the generally phosphor particles used.
- the maximum thickness of the phosphor layer 40 is the maximum value of the thickness of the fixing body formed by the phosphor particles 60 and the fixing portion 80 included as necessary.
- the maximum thickness of the phosphor layer 40 is represented by t in FIG.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are a subordinate concept of the phosphor particles 60, and the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 may be used to specify the maximum thickness of the phosphor layer 40.
- the center particle diameter D 50 of the phosphor particles 65 of the polyhedral is within the above range is preferable because the facets of the high flatness phosphor particles 65 is likely to be clearly formed in polyhedral shape.
- the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 have a center particle diameter D 50 of preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 65 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 75 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the center particle diameter D 50 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 is preferably equal to or larger than the above value because a highly flat facet surface is easily formed on the polyhedral phosphor particles 65.
- monodisperse particles having a garnet crystal structure are known.
- monodisperse particles having a crystal structure of a conventional garnet generally have median particle size D 50 of less than 30 [mu] m.
- monodisperse particles having a conventional garnet crystal structure have a particle shape close to the polyhedron inherent to the garnet crystal, but the edges of the polyhedron are rounded, and the particle shape is closer to a sphere than the polyhedron. It was. For this reason, in the conventional monodisperse particles having a crystal structure of garnet, the area of the facet surface is small, and is less than 200 ⁇ m 2 at the maximum.
- the center particle diameter D 50 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 is preferably less than 2 mm, more preferably less than 500 ⁇ m, still more preferably less than 200 ⁇ m, still more preferably less than 100 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably less than 50 ⁇ m. It is preferable that the center particle diameter D 50 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 is less than the above value because a highly flat facet surface is easily formed on the polyhedral phosphor particles 65.
- the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are in contact with each other because the heat propagation in the phosphor layer 40 is better.
- adhering so that the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are in surface contact with each other means that the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are in a parallel or substantially parallel state. It means to stick while facing each other.
- This parallel or substantially parallel state means that the angle formed between the facet surfaces 70 to which the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed is within a range of ⁇ 10 ° to + 10 °.
- the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are usually fixed to each other via a fixing portion 80 (an inter-phosphor particle fixing portion 85) made of a binder.
- a fixing portion 80 an inter-phosphor particle fixing portion 85
- the facet surface of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 due to the difference in the thickness of the phosphor particle fixing part 85. 70 tends to be non-parallel.
- the facet surfaces 70 of the phosphor particles 65 are not parallel to each other, the heat propagation between the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 tends to deteriorate.
- the facets 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed by the inter-phosphor particle fixing portion 85 so that the facets 70 are in surface contact with each other, the facets 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed. It is preferable because heat can be propagated between them. Moreover, it is preferable to provide a plurality of portions where the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed so as to be in surface contact with each other because heat propagation in the phosphor layer 40 is good.
- the substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81 for fixing the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 is made of an inorganic binder.
- the substrate-phosphor fixing part 81 is made of an inorganic binder, a heat radiation path between the phosphor layer 40 and the substrate 30 can be formed with an inorganic material having relatively good thermal conductivity. Since the heat dissipation of the body 50 becomes high, it is preferable.
- the inorganic binder used for the substrate-phosphor fixing part 81 for example, a low melting point material or nanoparticles having a melting point of 400 ° C. or less are used.
- a low melting point material or nanoparticles having a melting point of 400 ° C. or less for example, low melting point glass, low melting point oxide, low melting point halide and the like are used.
- Inorganic binder when the central particle diameter D 50 is less nanoparticle 100nm or 1 nm, and the specific surface area is high increases reactivity, since the strong anchoring portion is formed, preferred.
- nanoparticles for example, Al 2 O 3, ZnO, nanoparticles consisting of MoO 3 and at least one inorganic oxide selected from the group consisting of ZnMoO 4 used. These nanoparticles are preferable because they are excellent in thermal conductivity and easily form a low melting point compound.
- the inter-phosphor particle fixing portion 85 that fixes the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 is made of an inorganic binder.
- the phosphor particle fixing part 85 is made of an inorganic binder, a heat dissipation path in the phosphor layer 40 can be formed with an inorganic material having relatively good thermal conductivity. Since it becomes high, it is preferable.
- the inorganic binder the same inorganic binder used for forming the substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81 is used.
- the phosphor layer 40 includes the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 as the phosphor particles 60 as essential components, and in some cases, the phosphor particles 60 are not the polyhedral phosphor particles 65. A thing and the adhering part 80 are included.
- the phosphor layer 40 may further include small particles having a particle size smaller than that of the phosphor particles 60. The particle size smaller than that of the phosphor particle 60 is smaller than that of the phosphor particle 65 and the phosphor particle 60 is not a polyhedral phosphor particle 65. It means that the size is small.
- the phosphor layer 40 When small particles are included in the phosphor layer 40, the polyhedral phosphor particles 65, the phosphor particles 60 that are not the polyhedral phosphor particles 65, and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 are fixed. The gaps formed in this manner are filled with small particles, and the phosphor layer 40 has a dense structure. For this reason, the phosphor layer 40 is improved in mechanical strength and thermal conductivity.
- the material of the small particles is not particularly limited, but an inorganic material is preferable because the phosphor layer 40 has high thermal conductivity.
- the small particle is an inorganic material
- a phosphor made of an inorganic material or an inorganic substance other than the phosphor is used as the small particle.
- the phosphor layer 40 is filled with small particles made of a phosphor in addition to the phosphor particles 60, and thus has a film structure in which the phosphors are packed at high density. For this reason, when the small particle with which the phosphor layer 40 is filled is a phosphor, the wavelength converter 50 that emits fluorescence with a large light absorption ability of excitation light and a large fluorescence intensity is obtained.
- the phosphor layer 40 is excellent in light transmittance. For this reason, when the small particles filled in the phosphor layer 40 are translucent substances, the wavelength converter 50 in which the fluorescence emitted from the phosphor and the excitation light are easily transmitted can be obtained.
- the phosphor layer 40 is excellent in the light reflectivity of the excitation light. For this reason, when the small particle with which the phosphor layer 40 is filled is a light reflecting material, the wavelength converter 50 that easily controls the light reflection of the excitation light can be obtained.
- the small particles When the small particles are phosphors, the small particles may be the same type of phosphor as the phosphor particles 60 or different types of phosphors in terms of emission color and composition. Further, when the small particles are the same type of phosphor as the phosphor particles 60, the small particles may have the same shape as the polyhedral phosphor particles 65. The small particles are the same type of phosphor as the phosphor particles 60, and even if the small particles have the same shape as the polyhedral phosphor particles 65, the phosphor particles 60 and the polyhedrons are different depending on the size of the particle size. The phosphor particles 65 can be distinguished from each other.
- the wavelength converter 50 that can be expected to have a strong emission intensity without changing the color tone of the fluorescence can be obtained.
- the wavelength converter 50 that emits fluorescence with a controlled color tone is obtained.
- the wavelength converter 50 having a good light absorption characteristic of excitation light can be obtained.
- the wavelength converter 50 that easily reflects the excitation light can be obtained.
- primary light (for example, laser light) L emitted from the solid state light emitting device 10 of the light emitting device 1 is condensed on the wavelength converter 50 through the lens 20.
- the substrate 30 is a metal substrate
- the primary light L emitted to the wavelength converter 50 is transmitted through the phosphor layer 40 and reflected by the substrate 30.
- the substrate 30 of the wavelength converter 50 is a transparent substrate
- the primary light L emitted to the wavelength converter 50 is transmitted in the order of the substrate 30 and the phosphor layer 40.
- the phosphor particles 60 included in the phosphor layer 40 emit fluorescence F. Due to the fluorescence F, the light emitting device 1 emits light including the primary light L and the fluorescence F as output light.
- the phosphor particles 60 in the phosphor layer 40 generate heat while emitting fluorescence F.
- the heat generated in the phosphor particles 60 (polyhedral-shaped phosphor particles 65) propagates between the adjacent polyhedral-shaped phosphor particles 65 as indicated by arrows in FIG. Propagating from the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 toward the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30.
- facet surfaces 70 are formed on phosphor particles 65 having a polyhedral shape.
- the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed so as to be in surface contact via the facet surface 70. ing.
- the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed to each other via a fixing portion 85 between the phosphor particles.
- the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 are fixed via a substrate-phosphor fixing portion 81.
- the heat generated in the phosphor particles 60 propagates between the adjacent polyhedral phosphor particles 65 via the faceted surfaces 70 in surface contact with each other, and on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30. It propagates from the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 toward the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30.
- heat is propagated through the facet surface 70 of the polyhedral phosphor particles 65 having a planar shape and a large heat transfer surface, and thus the heat of the phosphor layer 40 is promptly transmitted to the substrate 30. Propagating and temperature rise and temperature quenching of the phosphor layer 40 can be suppressed. For this reason, the light-emitting device 1 provided with this wavelength converter 50 can improve the light emission output, for example, by improving the output of the solid light-emitting element 10.
- the operation of the light emitting device provided with the conventional wavelength converter 150 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the wavelength converter 150 is configured such that the primary light L is phosphor.
- the phosphor particles 95 contained in the phosphor layer 90 emit fluorescence. With this fluorescence, the light emitting device emits light including primary light and fluorescence as output light.
- the spherical phosphor particles 95 in the phosphor layer 90 generate heat while emitting fluorescence.
- the heat generated in the phosphor particles 95 propagates between the adjacent phosphor particles 95 as indicated by arrows in FIG. 3, and the phosphor particles 95 on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 to the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30. Propagate towards.
- the facet surface 70 is not formed on the phosphor particle 95.
- the adjacent phosphor particles 95 and the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and the phosphor particles 95 are fixed via the fixing portions 180. Specifically, the phosphor particles 95 adjacent to each other are fixed through an inter-phosphor particle fixing portion 185 as the fixing portion 180.
- the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30 and the phosphor particles 95 are fixed via a substrate-phosphor fixing portion 181 as the fixing portion 180. For this reason, the heat generated in the phosphor particles 95 propagates between the adjacent phosphor particles 95 via the curved surface of the phosphor particles 95, and from the phosphor particles 95 on the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30. It propagates toward the flat surface 32 of the substrate 30.
- the wavelength converter 150 heat is propagated through the surface of the phosphor particle 95 having a curved surface and a small heat transfer surface, so that the heat of the phosphor layer 90 is not easily propagated to the substrate 30 and the fluorescence is reduced.
- the temperature of the body layer 90 is likely to increase and it is difficult to suppress temperature quenching.
- the light emitting device of this embodiment at least a part of the phosphor particles 60 constituting the phosphor layer 40 are polyhedral phosphor particles 65 having a facet surface 70 derived from the crystal structure of garnet. For this reason, the temperature rise of the fluorescent substance under high light density excitation by laser light irradiation is suppressed and the output is high. For this reason, the light-emitting device of this embodiment is suitable as a laser illumination apparatus or a laser projector.
- Example 1 ⁇ Formation of phosphor film with Al 2 O 3 > (Preparation of liquid mixture) First, YAG phosphor powder of mean particle size D 50 29 .mu.m (YAG phosphor powder A), and the center particle diameter D 50 was prepared YAG phosphor powder 44 .mu.m (YAG phosphor powder B). These YAG phosphor powders are synthesized by an orthodox solid phase reaction. The phosphor particles of YAG phosphor powder A did not have a facet surface. The phosphor particles of YAG phosphor powder B had a faceted surface.
- nanoparticles (average particle size: 20 nm) of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) was prepared.
- the nanoparticles were dispersed in water to prepare an aqueous suspension (Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle aqueous slurry) having a solid concentration of 30% by mass.
- Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle aqueous slurry having a solid concentration of 30% by mass.
- 0.7 g of YAG phosphor powder A, 1.4 g of YAG phosphor powder B, and 0.9 g of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle aqueous slurry were mixed and adjusted in water to obtain a mixed solution (mixed solution).
- M1 Central particle diameter D 50 of the entire YAG phosphor powder in a mixture M1 was 33 .mu.m.
- a step was formed by affixing a Kapton tape on a metal substrate made of an aluminum alloy having a length of 20 mm, a width of 20 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 mm. Then, an appropriate amount of the mixed solution M1 was dropped on the portion surrounded by the steps, and the mixed solution M1 was applied in a predetermined area on the metal substrate by an applicator using a bar coat.
- the mixed liquid M1 after application was dried by heating at 100 ° C. for 1 hour using a hot plate, and the water in the mixed liquid M1 was evaporated.
- an inorganic wavelength converter obtained by forming a thick phosphor layer composed of a YAG phosphor and Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles fixing the YAG phosphor on a metal substrate is obtained. It was. Three types of inorganic wavelength converters were produced so that the thickness of the thick phosphor layer was different. When the thickness of the phosphor layer on the metal substrate was measured with a stylus profiling system DEKTAK (Bruker), the thickness of the phosphor layer of the three types of samples was 92 to 140 ⁇ m. The results are shown in FIG.
- the phosphor layer contained at least one phosphor particle having a facet surface with an area of about 450 ⁇ m 2 .
- the emission spectrum and illuminance of the phosphor layer were measured using a spectrophotometer (MCPD-3000: manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) and an illuminometer T-10 (manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.). Furthermore, the conversion efficiency from blue light to yellow light was calculated using emission spectrum and measurement data of illuminance. In addition, the incident angle of the laser beam to the phosphor layer was 45 °, and the irradiation time of the laser beam was 60 seconds. For the three types of inorganic wavelength converters having different thicknesses in Example 1, the relationship between the thickness ( ⁇ m) of the phosphor layer and the surface temperature (au) of the phosphor layer was measured.
- the surface temperature (au) is the highest temperature of the temperature distribution on the surface of the phosphor layer obtained by adjusting the infrared thermography camera so that the surface of the phosphor layer is in focus.
- the results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, while plotting the data of three types of inorganic wavelength converters having different phosphor layer thicknesses, a line graph was created by performing linear approximation based on these three points of data.
- the surface temperature [a. u. ] Is a value normalized with the measured value of the surface temperature T S (K) of a sample (symbol x) having a film thickness of 100 ⁇ m in Reference Example 1 described later as 1.
- FIG. 4 is an example of an SEM photograph of a fractured surface of the wavelength converter constituting the light emitting device according to Example 1.
- the inorganic wavelength converter 50 ⁇ / b> A (50) of Example 1 is a phosphor layer 40 ⁇ / b> A formed by fixing a large number of phosphor particles 60 on the metal substrate 30 and the flat surface 32 of the metal substrate 30. (40).
- the fixing portion 80 (substrate-phosphor) in which aluminum oxide nanoparticles are fixed between the facet surface 70 of the phosphor particle 65 (60) and the flat surface 32 of the metal substrate 30. It was found that they were in surface contact via the intermediate fixing part 81). Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, in the inorganic wavelength converter 50A of Example 1, the fixing part 80 (phosphor particle fixing part 85) formed by fixing the aluminum oxide nanoparticles between the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent phosphor particles 65. ) Through the surface contact. As shown in FIG.
- Example 4 in the inorganic wavelength converter 50 ⁇ / b> A of Example 1, a thick heat dissipation path is formed by surface contact between the phosphor particles 65 and the metal substrate 30 and between the adjacent phosphor particles 65.
- the inorganic wavelength converter 50A of Example 1 becomes a highly heat-conductive inorganic wavelength converter due to a large heat dissipation path due to surface contact, and heat generated in the phosphor layer is easily radiated to the metal substrate or the heat sink. It is thought that it is easy to become.
- Example 1 Ten inorganic wavelength converters were prepared so that the thickness of the thick phosphor layer was different.
- the thickness of the 10 phosphor layers was 72 to 145 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the phosphor layer on the metal substrate was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, in the same manner as in Example 1, data of 10 types of inorganic wavelength converters having different phosphor layer thicknesses are plotted, and a line graph is created by performing linear approximation based on these 10 points of data. did.
- the surface temperature shown in FIG. u. ] Is a value normalized with the measured value of the surface temperature T S (K) of the sample (reference symbol x) of Reference Example 1 having a film thickness of 100 ⁇ m as 1. Note that none of the ten phosphor layers of Reference Example 1 contained phosphor particles having facet surfaces.
- Example 1 Comparative between Example 1 and Reference Example 1 From the results of Example 1 and Reference Example 1, the phosphor temperature reduction rate of the inorganic wavelength converter of Example 1 and the blue to yellow conversion efficiency improvement rate were calculated.
- the conversion efficiency of the inorganic wavelength converter of Example 1 from blue light to yellow light is 2 with respect to the conversion efficiency of the inorganic wavelength converter of Reference Example 1 from blue light to yellow light. %it was high. That is, the improvement rate of the conversion efficiency from the blue light to the yellow light of the inorganic wavelength converter of Example 1 was 2%.
- the reason why the conversion efficiency from blue light to yellow light is improved is that the surface temperature of the inorganic wavelength converter is lowered, so that the temperature of the phosphor can be lowered, and the temperature quenching of the phosphor is suppressed. It is guessed that.
- Example 2 ⁇ Formation of phosphor film with ZnO-MoO 3 > (Preparation of liquid mixture)
- the median particle diameter D 50 was prepared YAG powder (YAG phosphor powder C) of 37 [mu] m.
- FIG. 6 shows the particle size distribution of the YAG phosphor powder C.
- MoO 3 nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 500 nm were prepared as nanoparticles.
- zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm were prepared.
- nanoparticles were dispersed in 2-propanol to prepare a suspension (ZnO nanoparticle suspension) having a solid content concentration of 10% by mass.
- 0.21 g of MoO 3 nanoparticles were added to 0.4 g of the ZnO nanoparticle suspension and stirred to prepare a nanoparticle dispersion.
- 0.65 g of the nanoparticle dispersion was added to 1.5 g of YAG phosphor powder C charged in the beaker and stirred to prepare a mixed solution (mixed solution M3).
- a metal substrate made of an aluminum alloy having a length of 20 mm ⁇ width of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was continuously arranged, and a step was formed by affixing a Kapton tape on the surface of the metal substrate.
- the liquid mixture M3 was dripped at the part enclosed by the level
- the mixed solution M3 after application was heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour using a hot plate to evaporate 2-propanol, thereby obtaining a dried product of the mixed solution M3. Furthermore, this dried body was heated at 450 ° C.
- an inorganic wavelength converter was obtained in which a thick phosphor layer composed of YAG phosphor, ZnO nanoparticles and MoO 3 nanoparticles was formed on the metal substrate.
- Three types of inorganic wavelength converters were produced so that the thickness of the thick phosphor layer was different.
- the thickness of the phosphor layer on the metal substrate was measured with a stylus profiling system DEKTAK (Bruker), the thickness of the phosphor layer of the three types of samples was 92 to 140 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 7A is an example of an SEM photograph (magnification 800 times) of the surface of the phosphor layer 40B (40) of the wavelength converter 50B (50) constituting the light emitting device according to Example 2. is there.
- FIG. 7B is an example of an SEM photograph (magnification 2000 times) in which the region A6 of FIG. 7A is enlarged.
- FIG. 8A is another example of an SEM photograph (magnification 4000 times) in which the surface of the phosphor layer 40B (40) of the wavelength converter 50B (50) constituting the light emitting device according to Example 2 is further enlarged. is there.
- FIG. 8B is another example of an SEM photograph (magnification: 7000 times) in which the surface of the phosphor layer 40B (40) of the wavelength converter 50B (50) constituting the light emitting device according to Example 2 is further enlarged. is there. 7 and 8, in the inorganic wavelength converter 50 ⁇ / b> B of Example 2, the fixing portion 80 (phosphor particles) in which the facets 70 of the adjacent phosphor particles 65 (60) are fixed to each other with the aluminum oxide nanoparticles fixed thereto.
- an interparticle void 110 is formed between two or more adjacent phosphor particles 65 (60).
- the interparticle void 110 means a void formed between two or more adjacent phosphor particles 65 (60).
- the interparticle void 110 is usually formed between three or more adjacent phosphor particles 65 (60).
- the interparticle void 110 of the phosphor layer 40B has a large equivalent circle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more.
- the equivalent circle diameter means the diameter of a circle having the same area as the area in the outline of the interparticle void 110 in the SEM.
- the reason why the interparticle gap 110 of the phosphor layer 40B is large is considered to be because the particle diameter of the phosphor particles 65 (60) is large.
- the phosphor layer 40B has a large inter-particle gap 110 having an equivalent circle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more, and therefore, it is possible to obtain nearly incoherent light suitable for use of illumination light. This is presumed to be because the large interparticle voids 110 in the phosphor layer 40B can scatter laser light having high directivity, thereby suppressing laser light interference.
- FIG. 9 to 11 are examples of SEM photographs of fractured surfaces of the wavelength converter constituting the light emitting device according to Example 2.
- FIG. Specifically, FIGS. 9 to 11 are examples of SEM photographs of fractured surfaces in which the wavelength converter 50B (50) constituting the light emitting device according to Example 2 is broken along the thickness direction.
- the inorganic wavelength converter 50B (50) of Example 2 is a fluorescent light in which a large number of phosphor particles 60 are fixed on the metal substrate 30 and the flat surface 32 of the metal substrate 30.
- body layer 40B (40) 40
- the fixing portion 80 (substrate ⁇ ) in which the nanoparticles of ZnO and MoO 3 are fixed between the facet surface 70 of the phosphor particle 65 (60) and the flat surface 32 of the metal substrate 30. It was found that they were in surface contact via the inter-phosphor fixing part 81). Further, from FIG. 9 to FIG. 11, in the inorganic wavelength converter 50B of Example 2, the fixing portion 80 (phosphor) in which the facet surfaces 70 of the adjacent phosphor particles 65 are bonded to each other with nanoparticles of ZnO and MoO 3. It was found that they were in surface contact via the interparticle adhering portion 85).
- the inorganic wavelength converter 50B (50) of Example 2 has a large heat dissipation path due to surface contact between the phosphor particles 65 and the metal substrate 30 and between the adjacent phosphor particles 65. It was found that it was formed.
- the inorganic wavelength converter 50B of Example 2 is a highly heat-conductive inorganic wavelength converter due to a large heat dissipation path due to surface contact, and heat generated in the phosphor layer is easily radiated to the metal substrate or heat sink. It is thought that it is easy to become.
- a metal substrate made of an aluminum alloy having a length of 20 mm ⁇ width of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was continuously arranged, and a step was formed by affixing a Kapton tape on the surface of the metal substrate.
- the liquid mixture M4 was dripped at the part enclosed by the level
- the mixed solution M4 after application was heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour using a hot plate to evaporate the alcohol, thereby obtaining a dried product of the mixed solution M4. Further, this dried body was heated at 350 ° C. for 5 hours using a hot plate and sintered.
- an inorganic wavelength converter was obtained, in which a thick phosphor layer composed of YAG phosphor and ZnO nanoparticles was formed on the metal substrate.
- Three types of inorganic wavelength converters were produced so that the thickness of the thick phosphor layer was different.
- the thickness of the phosphor layer on the metal substrate was measured with a stylus profiling system DEKTAK (Bruker), the thickness of the phosphor layer of the three types of samples was 92 to 140 ⁇ m.
- Example 4 ⁇ Phosphor film formation with ZnO sol-gel + ZnO nanoparticles> (Preparation of liquid mixture)
- the central particle diameter D 50 was prepared YAG phosphor powder 37 [mu] m (YAG phosphor powder C).
- zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm were prepared as nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles were dispersed in water to prepare an aqueous suspension (nanoparticle aqueous slurry) having a solid concentration of 30% by mass.
- a metal substrate made of an aluminum alloy having a length of 20 mm ⁇ width of 20 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm was continuously arranged, and a step was formed by affixing a Kapton tape on the surface of the metal substrate.
- the liquid mixture M5 was dripped at the part enclosed by the level
- the mixed liquid M5 after application was heated at 100 ° C. for 1 hour using a hot plate to evaporate water and alcohol, thereby obtaining a dried body of the mixed liquid M5. Further, this dried body was heated at 350 ° C. for 5 hours using a hot plate and sintered.
- an inorganic wavelength converter was obtained, in which a thick phosphor layer composed of YAG phosphor and ZnO nanoparticles was formed on the metal substrate.
- Three types of inorganic wavelength converters were produced so that the thickness of the thick phosphor layer was different.
- the thickness of the phosphor layer on the metal substrate was measured with a stylus profiling system DEKTAK (Bruker), the thickness of the phosphor layer of the three types of samples was 92 to 140 ⁇ m.
- the light-emitting device of the present invention is low in production cost and can emit white light suitable for illumination with high output.
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Abstract
Description
(第1の実施形態)
第1の実施形態に係る発光装置1は、固体発光素子10と、固体発光素子が放射する一次光を受光して光を放射する複数種類の蛍光体を含む波長変換体50とを備える。
固体発光素子10は、一次光を放射する固体発光素子である。このような固体発光素子としては、例えば、発光ダイオード、あるいは、面発光レーザーダイオード等のレーザーダイオードが用いられる。図1に示すように、固体発光素子10は一次光Lを放射する。固体発光素子10は、レーザー光を放射するものであると発光装置1の小型高出力化が可能であるため好ましい。
波長変換体50は、一次光を受光して光を放射する蛍光体を含むものである。本実施形態では、波長変換体50の構成に特徴がある。波長変換体50は、基板30と、この基板30の平坦面32上に、単分散の蛍光体粒子60が多数個固着してなる蛍光体層40と、を備える。そして、波長変換体50では、蛍光体粒子60の少なくとも1個が、ガーネットの結晶構造に由来しファセット面70を有する多面体形状の蛍光体粒子65になっている。また、波長変換体50では、多面体形状の蛍光体粒子65の中心粒径D50は、30μm以上でかつ蛍光体層40の最大厚み以下になっている。以下、図面を参照して説明する。
基板30は、その平坦面32上に蛍光体層40を形成可能になっている。基板30としては、透明基板や金属基板を用いることができる。透明基板としては、例えば、石英基板や透光性蛍光セラミックス基板が用いられる。金属基板としては、例えば、アルミニウム基板が用いられる。
波長変換体50では、蛍光体層40は、基板30の平坦面32上に形成され、蛍光体粒子60が多数個固着してなる。
一般式:A’3B’2(C’X4)3 (1)
式(1)中、A’、B’及びC’は、ガーネット構造を構成し得る金属元素であり、Xは、ガーネット構造を構成し得る非金属元素である。
また、発光中心がCe3+である場合において、強い蛍光を得たいときは、発光中心(Ce3+)の付活量は、一般式(1)のA’の全原子数の0.1原子%以上5原子%未満とすることが好ましい。一方、発光中心がCe3+である場合において、温度消光の小さな高効率の蛍光を得たいときは、Ce3+の付活量は、一般式(1)のA’の全原子数の0.01原子%以上1原子%未満、特に、0.01原子%以上0.3原子%未満とすることが好ましい。
発光装置1の作用について説明する。
はじめに、図1に示すように、発光装置1の固体発光素子10から放射された一次光(例えば、レーザー光)Lがレンズ20を介して波長変換体50に集光される。基板30が金属基板である場合、波長変換体50に放射された一次光Lは、蛍光体層40を透過し基板30で反射される。なお、波長変換体50の基板30が透明基板である場合、波長変換体50に放射された一次光Lは、基板30、蛍光体層40の順番に透過する。波長変換体50は、一次光Lが蛍光体層40を透過する際に、蛍光体層40に含まれる蛍光体粒子60が蛍光Fを放射する。この蛍光Fにより、発光装置1は、出力光として、一次光Lと蛍光Fとを含む光を放射する。
(混合液の調製)
はじめに、中心粒径D50が29μmのYAG蛍光体粉末(YAG蛍光体粉末A)、及び中心粒径D50が44μmのYAG蛍光体粉末(YAG蛍光体粉末B)を用意した。なお、これらのYAG蛍光体粉体はオーソドックスな固相反応によって合成されたものである。YAG蛍光体粉末Aの蛍光体粒子は、ファセット面を有していなかった。YAG蛍光体粉末Bの蛍光体粒子は、ファセット面を有していた。
また、ナノ粒子として、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)のナノ粒子(平均粒子径:20nm)を用意した。次に、このナノ粒子を水に分散させて、固形分濃度30質量%の水性懸濁液(Al2O3ナノ粒子水性スラリー)を調製した。
その後、水中で、0.7gのYAG蛍光体粉末Aと、1.4gのYAG蛍光体粉末Bと、Al2O3ナノ粒子水性スラリー0.9gとを混合調整して、混合液(混合液M1)を得た。混合液M1中の全YAG蛍光体粉末の中心粒径D50は、33μmであった。
アルミニウム合金からなる縦20mm×横20mm、厚さ0.5mmの金属基板上にカプトンテープを貼付して段差を形成した。そして、段差で囲われた部分に適量の混合液M1を滴下し、バーコートを用いるアプリケータにより金属基板上の所定のエリア内に混合液M1を塗布した。
塗布後の混合液M1を、ホットプレートを用いて100℃で1時間加熱して乾燥させ、混合液M1中の水分を蒸発させた。これにより、金属基板上に、YAG蛍光体とYAG蛍光体を固着するAl2O3のナノ粒子とで構成される厚膜状の蛍光体層が形成されてなる、無機波長変換体が得られた。
無機波長変換体は、厚膜状の蛍光体層の厚みが異なるように、3種作製した。金属基板上の蛍光体層の厚みを、触針式プロファイリングシステムDEKTAK(ブルカー社)で測定したところ、3種の試料の蛍光体層の厚みは92~140μmであった。結果を図5に示す。蛍光体層は、面積が約450μm2のファセット面を有する蛍光体粒子を少なくとも1個含んでいた。
<無機波長変換体へのレーザー光照射試験>
無機波長変換体の金属基板が金属製のヒートシンクに密着するように固定した後、レーザー光(中心波長λ:450nm、4.5w/mm2)を、蛍光体層の表面に照射した。
照射時の蛍光体層の表面温度を、赤外線サーモグラフィ(ネオサーモ(Neo Thermo、登録商標)TVS-700:日本アビオニクス株式会社製)を用いて測定した。一方で、蛍光体層の発光スペクトルと照度を、分光光度計(MCPD-3000:大塚電子株式会社製)と照度計T-10(コニカミノルタ株式会社製)を用いて測定した。さらに、発光スペクトルと照度の測定データを用いて、青色光から黄色光への変換効率を算出した。なお、蛍光体層へのレーザー光の入射角度は45°とし、レーザー光の照射時間は60秒間とした。
実施例1の厚みの異なる3種の無機波長変換体につき、蛍光体層の膜厚(μm)と、蛍光体層の表面温度(a.u.)との関係を測定した。表面温度(a.u.)は、赤外線サーモグラフィのカメラを蛍光層表面にピントが合うように調整し、得られた蛍光体層表面の温度分布のうちの最高温度である。結果を図5に示す。図5では、蛍光体層の膜厚の異なる3種の無機波長変換体のデータをプロットするとともに、これら3点のデータに基づき線形近似を行って線グラフを作成した。なお、図5に示す表面温度[a.u.]は、後述の参考例1の膜厚100μmの試料(符号×)の表面温度TS(K)の実測値を1として規格化した値である。
無機波長変換体を厚さ方向に沿って破断した破断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した。図4は、実施例1に係る発光装置を構成する波長変換体の破断面のSEM写真の一例である。
図4に示すように、実施例1の無機波長変換体50A(50)は、金属基板30と、金属基板30の平坦面32上に蛍光体粒子60が多数個固着してなる蛍光体層40A(40)と、を備えることが分かった。また、無機波長変換体50Aでは、蛍光体粒子65(60)のファセット面70と金属基板30の平坦面32との間が酸化アルミニウムのナノ粒子が固着してなる固着部80(基板-蛍光体間固着部81)を介して面接触していることが分かった。さらに、図4より、実施例1の無機波長変換体50Aでは、隣接する蛍光体粒子65のファセット面70同士が酸化アルミニウムのナノ粒子が固着してなる固着部80(蛍光体粒子間固着部85)を介して面接触していることが分かった。
図4より、実施例1の無機波長変換体50Aは、蛍光体粒子65と金属基板30との間、及び隣接する蛍光体粒子65間に、面接触による太い放熱パスが形成されていることが分かった。実施例1の無機波長変換体50Aは、面接触による太い放熱パスにより、高熱伝導性の無機波長変換体となり、蛍光体層で発生した熱が金属基板やヒートシンクに放熱されやすくなることから、低温化しやすいと考えられる。
(混合液の調製)
はじめに、YAG蛍光体粉末Bを用いない以外は、実施例1と同様にして、混合液(混合液M2)を得た。なお、製造途中の混合液M2中のYAG蛍光体粉末はYAG蛍光体粉末Aのみであり、その中心粒径D50は29μmであった。
(無機波長変換体の作製)
次に、混合液M1に代えて混合液M2を用いる以外は実施例1と同様にして、金属基板上に、YAG蛍光体とナノ粒子とで構成される厚膜状の蛍光体層が形成されてなる、無機波長変換体を得た。
無機波長変換体は、厚膜状の蛍光体層の厚みが異なるように、10種作製した。10種の蛍光体層の厚みは72~145μmであった。金属基板上の蛍光体層の厚さを、実施例1と同様にして測定した。結果を図5に示す。図5では、実施例1と同様にして、蛍光体層の膜厚の異なる10種の無機波長変換体のデータをプロットするとともに、これら10点のデータに基づき線形近似を行って線グラフを作成した。図5に示す表面温度[a.u.]は、参考例1の膜厚100μmの試料(符号×)の表面温度TS(K)の実測値を1として規格化した値である。なお、参考例1の10種の蛍光体層は、いずれも、ファセット面を有する蛍光体粒子を含んでいなかった。
実施例1及び参考例1の結果より、実施例1の無機波長変換体の蛍光体温度低減率と、青色→黄色変換効率の向上率とを算出した。
はじめに、実施例1の線グラフ上の膜厚Xμmにおける温度TEXと、参考例1の線グラフ上の膜厚Xμmにおける温度TRXとを求めた。次に、これらを{1-(TEX/TRX)}×100に代入して蛍光体温度低減率(%)を算出した。例えば、図5では、膜厚100μmのとき、TE100が0.895、TR100が0.980であるため、蛍光体温度低減率は、{1-(0.895/0.980)}×100により、約10%と算出される。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1及び参考例1の無機波長変換体について、青色光から黄色光への変換効率(%)を測定した。青色光から黄色光への変換効率(%)は、以下のようにして測定した。はじめに、分光光度計により得られた黄色領域のスペクトルと照度計の値から、黄色領域のエネルギー量を算出し、このエネルギー量を、青色領域の入力光エネルギー量で除した。次に、実施例1の無機波長変換体の上記変換効率CE1(%)から参考例1の無機波長変換体の上記変換効率CE0(%)を引いた平均的な差分ΔCEa(%)を、青色光から黄色光への変換効率の向上率(%)とした。結果を表1に示す。
なお、青色光から黄色光への変換効率が向上する理由は、無機波長変換体の表面温度が低くなるので、蛍光体の低温化を図ることができ、蛍光体の温度消光が抑制されたことであると推察される。
(混合液の調製)
はじめに、蛍光体粒子として、中心粒径D50が37μmのYAG粉体(YAG蛍光体粉末C)を用意した。図6に、YAG蛍光体粉末Cの粒度分布を示す。また、ナノ粒子として、平均粒径500nmのMoO3ナノ粒子を用意した。さらに、ナノ粒子として、平均粒径が100nmの酸化亜鉛(ZnO)のナノ粒子を用意した。次に、このナノ粒子を2-プロパノールに分散させて、固形分濃度10質量%の懸濁液(ZnOナノ粒子懸濁液)を調製した。
ZnOナノ粒子懸濁液0.4gに、MoO3ナノ粒子を0.21g添加し、撹拌してナノ粒子分散液を調製した。次に、ビーカー内に投入したYAG蛍光体粉末Cの1.5gに、ナノ粒子分散液を0.65g添加し撹拌して、混合液(混合液M3)を作製した。
アルミニウム合金からなる縦20mm×横20mm、厚さ0.5mmの金属基板を連続的に並べ、金属基板の表面にカプトンテープを貼付して段差を形成した。そして、段差で囲まれた部分に混合液M3を滴下し、アプリケータを用いるバーコートによって金属基板上の所定のエリア内に混合液M3を塗布した。
塗布後の混合液M3を、ホットプレートを用い100℃で1時間加熱して2-プロパノールを蒸発させることにより混合液M3の乾燥体を得た。さらに、この乾燥体を、ホットプレートを用いて450℃で2時間加熱し、焼結させた。
これにより、金属基板上に、YAG蛍光体とZnOのナノ粒子とMoO3のナノ粒子とで構成される厚膜状の蛍光体層が形成されてなる、無機波長変換体が得られた。
無機波長変換体は、厚膜状の蛍光体層の厚みが異なるように、3種作製した。金属基板上の蛍光体層の厚みを、触針式プロファイリングシステムDEKTAK(ブルカー社)で測定したところ、3種の試料の蛍光体層の厚みは92~140μmであった。
[蛍光体層の表面の観察]
無機波長変換体の表面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した。図7及び図8は、実施例2に係る発光装置を構成する波長変換体の蛍光体層の表面のSEM写真の一例である。具体的には、図7(a)は、実施例2に係る発光装置を構成する波長変換体50B(50)の蛍光体層40B(40)の表面のSEM写真(倍率800倍)の一例である。図7(b)は、図7(a)の領域A6を拡大したSEM写真(倍率2000倍)の一例である。
図8(a)は、実施例2に係る発光装置を構成する波長変換体50B(50)の蛍光体層40B(40)の表面をより拡大したSEM写真(倍率4000倍)の他の一例である。図8(b)は、実施例2に係る発光装置を構成する波長変換体50B(50)の蛍光体層40B(40)の表面をさらに拡大したSEM写真(倍率7000倍)の他の一例である。
図7及び図8より、実施例2の無機波長変換体50Bでは、隣接する蛍光体粒子65(60)のファセット面70同士が酸化アルミニウムのナノ粒子が固着してなる固着部80(蛍光体粒子間固着部85)を介して面接触していることが分かった。
また、図7及び図8より、実施例2の無機波長変換体50Bの蛍光体層40Bでは、隣接する2個以上の蛍光体粒子65(60)間に、粒子間空隙110が形成されることが分かった。ここで、粒子間空隙110とは、隣接する2個以上の蛍光体粒子65(60)間に形成される空隙を意味する。図7及び図8に示すように、粒子間空隙110は、通常、隣接する3個以上の蛍光体粒子65(60)間に形成される。
図7及び図8に示すように、蛍光体層40Bの粒子間空隙110は、円相当径が1μm以上と大きい。ここで、円相当径とは、SEMにおける粒子間空隙110の輪郭内の面積と同一面積の円の直径を意味する。なお、蛍光体層40Bの粒子間空隙110が大きい理由は、蛍光体粒子65(60)の粒径が大きいためであると考えられる。
無機波長変換体50Bは、蛍光体層40Bが円相当径1μm以上の大きい粒子間空隙110を有するため、照明光利用に適する完全インコヒーレントに近い光を得ることが可能である。これは、蛍光体層40B中の大きい粒子間空隙110が指向性の強いレーザー光を散乱することにより、レーザー光の干渉を抑制することができるためであると推測される。
無機波長変換体の破断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察した。図9~図11は、実施例2に係る発光装置を構成する波長変換体の破断面のSEM写真の一例である。具体的には、図9~図11は、それぞれ、実施例2に係る発光装置を構成する波長変換体50B(50)を厚さ方向に沿って破断した破断面のSEM写真の一例である。
図9~図11に示すように、実施例2の無機波長変換体50B(50)は、金属基板30と、金属基板30の平坦面32上に蛍光体粒子60が多数個固着してなる蛍光体層40B(40)と、を備えることが分かった。また、無機波長変換体50Bでは、蛍光体粒子65(60)のファセット面70と金属基板30の平坦面32との間がZnO及びMoO3のナノ粒子が固着してなる固着部80(基板-蛍光体間固着部81)を介して面接触していることが分かった。さらに、図9~図11より、実施例2の無機波長変換体50Bでは、隣接する蛍光体粒子65のファセット面70同士がZnO及びMoO3のナノ粒子が固着してなる固着部80(蛍光体粒子間固着部85)を介して面接触していることが分かった。
図9~図11より、実施例2の無機波長変換体50B(50)は、蛍光体粒子65と金属基板30との間、及び隣接する蛍光体粒子65間に、面接触による太い放熱パスが形成されていることが分かった。実施例2の無機波長変換体50Bは、面接触による太い放熱パスにより、高熱伝導性の無機波長変換体となり、蛍光体層で発生した熱が金属基板やヒートシンクに放熱されやすくなることから、低温化しやすいと考えられる。
(混合液の調製)
はじめに、中心粒径D50が37μmのYAG蛍光体粉末(YAG蛍光体粉末D)を用意した。なお、YAG蛍光体粉体Dはオーソドックスな固相反応によって合成されたものである。YAG蛍光体粉末Dの蛍光体粒子は、ファセット面を有していた。
また、酢酸亜鉛2水和物をアルコール(メタノール)に分散させることにより、酢酸亜鉛(CH3COO)2Zn・2H2Oの濃度が10質量%のゾルゲル溶液を作製した。
その後、上記YAG蛍光体粉末Dの1.0gと上記ゾルゲル溶液0.5gとを混合して混合液(混合液M4)を得た。
アルミニウム合金からなる縦20mm×横20mm、厚さ0.5mmの金属基板を連続的に並べ、金属基板の表面にカプトンテープを貼付して段差を形成した。そして、段差で囲まれた部分に混合液M4を滴下し、バーコートを用いるアプリケータにより金属基板上の所定のエリア内に混合液M4を塗布した。
塗布後の混合液M4を、ホットプレートを用いて100℃で1時間加熱してアルコールを蒸発させ、混合液M4の乾燥体を得た。さらに、この乾燥体を、ホットプレートを用いて350℃で5時間加熱し、焼結させた。
これにより、金属基板上に、YAG蛍光体とZnOのナノ粒子とで構成される厚膜状の蛍光体層が形成されてなる、無機波長変換体が得られた。
無機波長変換体は、厚膜状の蛍光体層の厚みが異なるように、3種作製した。金属基板上の蛍光体層の厚みを、触針式プロファイリングシステムDEKTAK(ブルカー社)で測定したところ、3種の試料の蛍光体層の厚みは92~140μmであった。
(混合液の調製)
はじめに、実施例2で用いた、中心粒径D50が37μmのYAG蛍光体粉末(YAG蛍光体粉末C)を用意した。
また、ナノ粒子として、平均粒径100nmの酸化亜鉛(ZnO)ナノ粒子を用意した。次に、このナノ粒子を水に分散させて、固形分濃度30質量%の水性懸濁液(ナノ粒子水性スラリー)を用意した。
さらに、酢酸亜鉛2水和物をアルコール(メタノール)に分散させることにより、(CH3COO)2Zn・2H2Oの濃度が10質量%のゾルゲル溶液を作製した。
その後、YAG蛍光体粉末Cの1.0gと、ゾルゲル溶液0.5gと、上記懸濁液0.5gとを混合して混合液(混合液M5)を得た。
アルミニウム合金からなる縦20mm×横20mm、厚さ0.5mmの金属基板を連続的に並べ、金属基板の表面にカプトンテープを貼付して段差を形成した。そして、段差で囲まれた部分に混合液M5を滴下し、バーコートを用いるアプリケータにより金属基板上の所定のエリア内に混合液M5を塗布した。
塗布後の混合液M5を、ホットプレートを用いて100℃で1時間加熱して水及びアルコールを蒸発させ、混合液M5の乾燥体を得た。さらに、この乾燥体を、ホットプレートを用いて350℃で5時間加熱し、焼結させた。
これにより、金属基板上に、YAG蛍光体とZnOのナノ粒子とで構成される厚膜状の蛍光体層が形成されてなる、無機波長変換体が得られた。
無機波長変換体は、厚膜状の蛍光体層の厚みが異なるように、3種作製した。金属基板上の蛍光体層の厚みを、触針式プロファイリングシステムDEKTAK(ブルカー社)で測定したところ、3種の試料の蛍光体層の厚みは92~140μmであった。
10 固体発光素子
30 基板
32 平坦面
40、40A、40B、90 蛍光体層
41 蛍光体塗布液層
42 蛍光体塗布液乾燥体層
50、50A、50B 波長変換体
60 蛍光体粒子
65 多面体形状の蛍光体粒子
70 ファセット面
80、180 固着部
81、181 基板-蛍光体間固着部
85、185 蛍光体粒子間固着部
95 蛍光体粒子
110 粒子間空隙
Claims (11)
- 基板と、
この基板の平坦面上に蛍光体粒子が多数個固着してなる蛍光体層と、
を備え、
前記蛍光体粒子の少なくとも1個は、単分散で、ガーネットの結晶構造に由来しファセット面を有する多面体形状の蛍光体粒子であり、
前記多面体形状の蛍光体粒子の中心粒径D50は、30μm以上でかつ前記蛍光体層の最大厚み以下であることを特徴とする発光装置。 - 前記基板の平坦面上に固着している蛍光体粒子の少なくとも1個は、単分散で、ガーネットの結晶構造に由来しファセット面を有する多面体形状の蛍光体粒子であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光装置。
- 前記基板の平坦面上に固着している少なくとも1個の前記多面体形状の蛍光体粒子は、少なくとも1個の前記ファセット面の面積が200μm2を超えることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の発光装置。
- 前記多面体形状の蛍光体粒子のファセット面と、前記基板の平坦面とは、面接触するように固着することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記多面体形状の蛍光体粒子のファセット面と前記基板の平坦面とが面接触するように固着する部分を、複数個備えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の発光装置。
- 隣接する前記多面体形状の蛍光体粒子のファセット面同士が、面接触するように固着することを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の発光装置。
- 前記基板の平坦面と、前記蛍光体層中の多面体形状の蛍光体粒子のファセット面と、を固着する基板-蛍光体間固着部を備え、
前記基板-蛍光体間固着部が無機結着剤からなることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の発光装置。 - 隣接する前記多面体形状の蛍光体粒子のファセット面同士を固着する蛍光体粒子間固着部を備え、
前記蛍光体粒子間固着部が無機結着剤からなることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の発光装置。 - 前記無機結着剤は、Al2O3、ZnO、MoO3及びZnMoO4からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の無機酸化物からなるナノ粒子であることを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の発光装置。
- 前記無機結着剤は、中心粒径D50が1nm以上100nm以下のナノ粒子であることを特徴する請求項7又は8に記載の発光装置。
- 前記蛍光体粒子は、レーザー光によって励起されることを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の発光装置。
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| EP17762759.3A EP3428697B1 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2017-01-31 | Light emitting device |
| US16/071,906 US10355175B2 (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2017-01-31 | Light emitting device |
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| JP6922939B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-08-18 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 波長変換素子、光源装置、プロジェクター、及び波長変換素子の製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP6288575B2 (ja) | 2018-03-07 |
| EP3428697A4 (en) | 2019-01-30 |
| US10651348B2 (en) | 2020-05-12 |
| EP3428697A1 (en) | 2019-01-16 |
| CN108603956A (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
| EP3428697B1 (en) | 2023-03-01 |
| JP2018106176A (ja) | 2018-07-05 |
| US10355175B2 (en) | 2019-07-16 |
| JP6846688B2 (ja) | 2021-03-24 |
| JPWO2017154413A1 (ja) | 2018-03-15 |
| US20190027656A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
| CN108603956B (zh) | 2021-02-09 |
| US20190280166A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 |
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