WO2017150555A1 - グラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置、自動車ルーフ用ガラス及び建築物用窓ガラス - Google Patents
グラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置、自動車ルーフ用ガラス及び建築物用窓ガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017150555A1 WO2017150555A1 PCT/JP2017/007896 JP2017007896W WO2017150555A1 WO 2017150555 A1 WO2017150555 A1 WO 2017150555A1 JP 2017007896 W JP2017007896 W JP 2017007896W WO 2017150555 A1 WO2017150555 A1 WO 2017150555A1
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- Prior art keywords
- laminated glass
- glass
- light
- interlayer film
- weight
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- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cnc2c3ncccc3ccc2c1 Chemical compound c1cnc2c3ncccc3ccc2c1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
- F21V9/32—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source characterised by the arrangement of the photoluminescent material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10559—Shape of the cross-section
- B32B17/10568—Shape of the cross-section varying in thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
- B32B17/10669—Luminescent agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/20—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for lighting specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments; mounted on specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments
- B60Q3/208—Sun roofs; Windows
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/28—Other arrangements on doors or windows, e.g. door-plates, windows adapted to carry plants, hooks for window cleaners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
- B32B2419/06—Roofs, roof membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a display device capable of displaying a gradation pattern on which the gradation pattern on the laminated glass can be freely changed or switched to a transparent state, an automobile roof glass including the display device, and a window glass for buildings. About.
- Laminated glass is safe because it does not scatter glass fragments even if it is damaged by an external impact, so it can be used as a windshield, side glass, rear glass for vehicles such as automobiles, and window glass for aircraft, buildings, etc. Widely used.
- the laminated glass include a laminated glass obtained by integrating an interlayer film for laminated glass including a liquid plasticizer and a polyvinyl acetal resin between at least a pair of glasses.
- Patent Document 1 includes a dark color portion, a gradation portion, and a transparent portion, and these portions are arranged side by side in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction in this order.
- An intermediate film for use is disclosed.
- the present invention provides a display device capable of displaying a gradation pattern that can freely change the gradation pattern on the laminated glass or switch to a transparent state, a glass for an automobile roof including the display device, and It aims at providing the window glass for buildings.
- the present invention includes a laminated glass in which an interlayer film for laminated glass including a thermoplastic resin and a light emitting material is laminated between a pair of glass plates, and a light source that emits light having an excitation wavelength of the light emitting material.
- the display device capable of displaying a gradation pattern in which the glass and the light source are arranged such that light rays emitted from the light source are emitted from a peripheral edge of the laminated glass toward the inside of the laminated glass.
- the present inventors have combined a laminated glass in which an interlayer film for laminated glass containing a thermoplastic resin and a light emitting material is laminated between a pair of glass plates, and a light source that emits an excitation wavelength of the light emitting material.
- a laminated glass in which an interlayer film for laminated glass containing a thermoplastic resin and a light emitting material is laminated between a pair of glass plates, and a light source that emits an excitation wavelength of the light emitting material.
- the display device capable of displaying the gradation pattern of the present invention includes a laminated glass and a light source that irradiates the laminated glass with light having an excitation wavelength of a luminescent material.
- the laminated glass is obtained by laminating an interlayer film for laminated glass containing a thermoplastic resin and a light emitting material between a pair of glass plates.
- thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited.
- polyvinyl acetal resin ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ethylene-acrylic copolymer resin, polyurethane resin, polyurethane resin containing sulfur element, polyvinyl alcohol resin, vinyl chloride.
- resins and polyethylene terephthalate resins include resins and polyethylene terephthalate resins.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin is preferable.
- the polyvinyl acetal is not particularly limited as long as it is a polyvinyl acetal obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde, but polyvinyl butyral is preferable. Moreover, you may use together 2 or more types of polyvinyl acetal as needed.
- the preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal is 40 mol%, the preferable upper limit is 85 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 60 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 75 mol%.
- the polyvinyl acetal has a preferred lower limit of the hydroxyl group content of 15 mol% and a preferred upper limit of 35 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group amount is 15 mol% or more, the interlayer film for laminated glass can be easily molded.
- the amount of hydroxyl group is 35 mol% or less, handling of the resulting interlayer film for laminated glass becomes easy.
- the degree of acetalization and the amount of hydroxyl groups can be measured in accordance with, for example, JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the polyvinyl acetal can be prepared by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 70 to 99.8 mol% is generally used.
- the preferable lower limit of the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500, and the preferable upper limit is 4000.
- the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500 or more, the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass is increased.
- the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 4000 or less, the interlayer film for laminated glass can be easily molded.
- the minimum with a more preferable polymerization degree of the said polyvinyl alcohol is 1000, and a more preferable upper limit is 3600.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited, but generally an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably used.
- the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is not particularly limited.
- n-butyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, and n-valeraldehyde are preferable, and n-butyraldehyde is more preferable.
- These aldehydes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the light emitting material is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known light emitting material can be used.
- the light emitting material is preferably particulate. By being particulate, it becomes easy to finely disperse in the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the content of the light emitting material in the interlayer film for laminated glass is preferably 0.001 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin, and 15 parts by weight with respect to the preferable upper limit.
- the content of the light-emitting material is 0.001 part by weight or more, a gradation pattern with even higher design can be displayed.
- the content of the light emitting material is 15 parts by weight or less, the transparency of the interlayer film for laminated glass when the gradation pattern is erased is further enhanced.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the light emitting material is 0.01 parts by weight, the more preferable upper limit is 10 parts by weight, the still more preferable lower limit is 0.05 parts by weight, the still more preferable upper limit is 8 parts by weight, and the particularly preferable lower limit is 0.1 parts by weight.
- Part by weight, particularly preferred upper limit is 5 parts by weight, and the most preferred upper limit is 1 part by weight.
- the light-emitting material include a lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom because it can exhibit high light-emitting properties.
- lanthanoid complexes lanthanoid complexes having a ligand containing a halogen atom emit light with high emission intensity when irradiated with light.
- the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom include a lanthanoid complex having a monodentate ligand containing a halogen atom, a lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand containing a halogen atom, and a tridentate configuration containing a halogen atom.
- Halogens such as lanthanoid complexes having ligands, lanthanoid complexes having tetradentate ligands containing halogen atoms, lanthanoid complexes having pentadentate ligands containing halogen atoms, and lanthanoid complexes having hexadentate ligands containing halogen atoms
- a lanthanoid complex having a polydentate ligand containing an atom is exemplified.
- a lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand containing a halogen atom or a lanthanoid complex having a tridentate ligand containing a halogen atom has a wavelength of 580 to 780 nm when irradiated with light having a wavelength of 300 to 410 nm.
- Light with extremely high emission intensity Since this light emission has extremely high intensity, the interlayer film for laminated glass having a light emitting layer containing the light emission can emit light with relatively high luminance even when irradiated with a light beam with low output.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass is used, a gradation pattern can be displayed even if a relatively simple light source is used, so that the display device can be simplified.
- the lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand containing a halogen atom or the lanthanoid complex having a tridentate ligand containing a halogen atom is also excellent in heat resistance.
- Automobile roof glass and building window glass are often used in a high temperature environment by being irradiated with infrared rays of sunlight. In such a high temperature environment, the luminescent material is deteriorated, and the luminescent material is particularly deteriorated at the end of the laminated glass, and the design of the gradation pattern may be lowered.
- a laminated glass whose design properties hardly change even in a high-temperature environment.
- An intermediate film can be obtained.
- the lanthanoid includes lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium or lutetium. Since higher emission intensity can be obtained, the lanthanoid is preferably neodymium, europium or terbium, more preferably europium or terbium, and still more preferably europium.
- Examples of the bidentate ligand containing a halogen atom include a ligand having a structure represented by the following general formula (1), a ligand having a structure represented by the following general formula (2), and the like. Can be mentioned.
- R 1 and R 3 represents an organic group, at least one of R 1 and R 3 is an organic group containing a halogen atom, R 2 is the number 1 or more linear carbon Represents an organic group.
- R 1 and R 3 are preferably a hydrocarbon group, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, still more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Particularly preferred is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- a part of hydrogen atoms may be substituted with an atom other than a hydrogen atom and a functional group.
- hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms examples include methyl, ethyl, and propyl groups in which hydrogen atoms are not substituted, and methyl, ethyl, and propyl groups in which some of the hydrogen atoms are substituted with halogen atoms. Group and the like.
- a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom can be used as a halogen atom of a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a propyl group in which a part of the hydrogen atom is substituted with a halogen atom.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or a propyl group in which a part of the hydrogen atoms are substituted with a halogen atom, since it emits light with high emission intensity. More preferably, it is a fluoromethyl group.
- R 2 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and most preferably a methylene group having 1 carbon atom. In the alkylene group having 1 or more carbon atoms, a part of hydrogen atoms may be substituted with an atom other than a hydrogen atom and a functional group.
- the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom only needs to have at least one ligand containing a halogen atom, and may have a ligand not containing a halogen atom.
- the ligand that does not contain a halogen atom includes a ligand that is the same as the above general formula (1) except that it does not contain a halogen atom, and a structure represented by the following general formulas (2) to (8). And the like.
- ligand having the structure represented by the following general formulas (2) to (8) some or all of the hydrogen atoms are —COOR, —SO 3 , —NO 2 , —OH, an alkyl group, —NH It may be substituted with 2 or the like.
- two Ns may be anywhere in the bipyridine skeleton.
- two Ns may be anywhere in the bipyridine skeleton. Among them, it is preferable that there are two Ns at the 1 and 10 positions.
- two Ns may be anywhere in the bipyridine skeleton. Among them, it is preferable that there are two Ns at the 1 and 10 positions.
- the three Ns may be anywhere in the terpyridine skeleton.
- the central R 4 represents a linear organic group having 1 or more carbon atoms.
- two R 5 represents one or more linear organic group having a carbon number.
- n represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- Examples of the lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand containing a halogen atom include tris (trifluoroacetylacetone) phenanthroline europium (Eu (TFA) 3 phen), tris (trifluoroacetylacetone) diphenylphenanthroline europium (Eu (TFA) 3 dpphen), tris (hexafluoroacetylacetone) diphenylphenanthroline europium, tris (hexafluoroacetylacetone) bis (triphenylphosphine) europium, tris (trifluoroacetylacetone) 2,2′-bipyridine europium, tris (hexafluoroacetylacetone) 2,2 '-Bipyridine Europium, Tris (5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-2,4-pentandionate) 2 2'-bipyridine europium ([Eu (FPD
- lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand containing a halogen atom examples include tris (trifluoroacetylacetone) phenanthroline terbium (Tb (TFA) 3 phen), tris (trifluoroacetylacetone) diphenylphenanthroline terbium (Tb ( TFA) 3 dpphen), tris (hexafluoroacetylacetone) diphenylphenanthroline terbium, tris (hexafluoroacetylacetone) bis (triphenylphosphine) terbium, tris (trifluoroacetylacetone) 2,2′-bipyridineterbium, tris (hexafluoroacetylacetone) 2,2'-bipyridineterbium, tris (5,5,6,6,7,7,7-heptafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate) 2,2'- Bipyridine terbium ([
- halogen atom of the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom can be used.
- a fluorine atom is preferable because the structure of the ligand is stabilized.
- the lanthanoid complex having a halogen atom and an acetylacetone skeleton containing a halogen atom is particularly excellent.
- Lanthanoid complexes having a bidentate ligand are preferred.
- Examples of the lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand having an acetylacetone skeleton containing a halogen atom include Eu (TFA) 3 phen, Eu (TFA) 3 dpphen, Eu (HFA) 3 phen, and [Eu (FPD) 3 ]. bpy, [Eu (TFA) 3 ] tmphen, [Eu (FPD) 3 ] phen and the like. The structure of a lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand having an acetylacetone skeleton containing these halogen atoms is shown.
- lanthanoid complex having a bidentate ligand having an acetylacetone skeleton containing a halogen atom examples include Tb (TFA) 3 phen, Tb (TFA) 3 dpphen, Tb (HFA) 3 phen, [Tb (FPD ) 3 ] bpy, [Tb (TFA) 3 ] tmphen, [Tb (FPD) 3 ] phen and the like.
- the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom is preferably particulate. By being particulate, it becomes easier to finely disperse the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom in the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the preferable lower limit of the average particle diameter of the lanthanoid complex is 0.01 ⁇ m
- the preferable upper limit is 10 ⁇ m
- the more preferable lower limit is 0.03 ⁇ m, more preferable.
- the upper limit is 1 ⁇ m.
- the content of the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom in the interlayer film for laminated glass is preferably 0.001 part by weight and preferably 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin.
- a gradation pattern with a much higher design can be displayed.
- the content of the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom is 10 parts by weight or less, the transparency of the interlayer film for laminated glass when the gradation pattern is erased is further enhanced.
- the more preferred lower limit of the content of the lanthanoid complex having a ligand containing a halogen atom is 0.01 parts by weight, the more preferred upper limit is 5 parts by weight, the still more preferred lower limit is 0.05 parts by weight, and the more preferred upper limit is 1 part by weight. Part.
- a light emitting material having a terephthalic acid ester structure can also be used.
- the light emitting material having the terephthalic acid ester structure emits light when irradiated with light.
- Examples of the light emitting material having the terephthalic acid ester structure include a compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (9) and a compound having a structure represented by the following general formula (10). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- R 6 represents an organic group, and x is 1, 2, 3 or 4. Since the transparency of the interlayer film for laminated glass is further increased, x is preferably 1 or 2, more preferably a hydroxyl group at the 2-position or 5-position of the benzene ring, More preferably, it has a hydroxyl group at the 5-position.
- the organic group for R 6 is preferably a hydrocarbon group, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, still more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Particularly preferred is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. When the hydrocarbon group has 10 or less carbon atoms, the light-emitting material having the terephthalate structure can be easily dispersed in the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group.
- Examples of the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (9) include diethyl-2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate, dimethyl-2,5-dihydroxyterephthalate and the like. Among them, since a gradation pattern having a higher design property can be displayed, the compound having the structure represented by the general formula (9) is diethyl-2,5-dihydroxylterephthalate (“2,5-dihydroxy” manufactured by Aldrich). Diethyl terephthalate ”) is preferred.
- R 7 represents an organic group
- R 8 and R 9 represent a hydrogen atom or an organic group
- y is 1, 2, 3, or 4.
- the organic group for R 7 is preferably a hydrocarbon group, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, still more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Particularly preferred is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkyl group.
- NR 8 R 9 is an amino group.
- R 8 and R 9 are preferably hydrogen atoms.
- one hydrogen atom may be the amino group, and two hydrogen atoms may be the amino group.
- the three hydrogen atoms may be the amino group, and the four hydrogen atoms may be the amino group.
- diethyl-2,5-diaminoterephthalate (manufactured by Aldrich) is preferable because it can display a gradation pattern with higher design.
- the content of the light emitting material having the terephthalic acid ester structure in the interlayer film for laminated glass is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin is 0.001 part by weight, and a preferable upper limit is 15 parts by weight. .
- a preferable lower limit with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin is 0.001 part by weight
- a preferable upper limit is 15 parts by weight.
- a gradation pattern with even higher design can be displayed by irradiation with light.
- the content of the light emitting material having the terephthalic acid ester structure is 15 parts by weight or less, the transparency of the interlayer film for laminated glass when the gradation pattern is erased is further enhanced.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the light emitting material having a terephthalic acid ester structure is 0.01 parts by weight, the more preferable upper limit is 10 parts by weight, the still more preferable lower limit is 0.1 parts by weight, and the still more preferable upper limit is 8 parts by weight.
- a preferred lower limit is 0.5 parts by weight, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 5 parts by weight.
- the content of the light emitting material having the terephthalate structure in the interlayer film for laminated glass is preferably 0.007% by weight and preferably 4.5% by weight in 100% by weight of the interlayer film for laminated glass. is there.
- the content of the light-emitting material having the terephthalic acid ester structure is 0.007% by weight or more, a gradation pattern with even higher design can be displayed.
- the content of the light emitting material having the terephthalic acid ester structure is 4.5% by weight or less, the transparency of the interlayer film for laminated glass when the gradation pattern is erased is further enhanced.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the light emitting material having the terephthalic acid ester structure is 0.01% by weight, the more preferable upper limit is 4% by weight, the still more preferable lower limit is 0.1% by weight, and the more preferable upper limit is 3.5% by weight. It is.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass may contain potassium, sodium, and magnesium derived from raw materials such as a neutralizing agent used during the production of the thermoplastic resin.
- the total content of potassium, sodium and magnesium contained in the interlayer film for laminated glass is preferably 50 ppm or less.
- the content of magnesium contained in the interlayer film for laminated glass is preferably 40 ppm or less.
- the content of magnesium contained in the interlayer film for laminated glass is more preferably 35 ppm or less, further preferably 30 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 20 ppm or less.
- the magnesium content in the interlayer film for laminated glass may be 0 ppm.
- thermoplastic resin In order to make the total content of potassium, sodium, and magnesium contained in the interlayer film for laminated glass 50 ppm or less, it is preferable to wash the thermoplastic resin multiple times with an excessive amount of ion-exchanged water.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass preferably further contains a dispersant.
- a dispersant is, for example, a compound having a sulfonic acid structure such as a linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, or an ester structure such as a diester compound, a ricinoleic acid alkyl ester, a phthalic acid ester, an adipic acid ester, a sebacic acid ester, or a phosphoric acid ester.
- Compounds having an ether structure such as polyoxyethylene glycol, polyoxypropylene glycol and alkylphenyl-polyoxyethylene-ether, compounds having a carboxylic acid structure such as polycarboxylic acid, laurylamine, dimethyllauryl
- Compounds having an amine structure such as amines, oleylpropylenediamine, secondary amines of polyoxyethylene, tertiary amines of polyoxyethylene, and diamines of polyoxyethylene
- polyalkylenepolyaminealkyleneoxy Dispersants such as compounds having a polyamine structure such as amides, compounds having an amide structure such as oleic acid diethanolamide and alkanol fatty acid amide, and compounds having a high molecular weight amide structure such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyester acid amide amine salts Can be used.
- high molecular weight dispersing agents such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphoric acid (salt), high molecular polycarboxylic acid, and condensed ricinoleic acid ester.
- the high molecular weight dispersant is defined as a dispersant having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more.
- a preferable lower limit of the content of the dispersant with respect to the light emitting material in the interlayer film for laminated glass is 1 part by weight, and a preferable upper limit is 50 parts by weight.
- the content of the dispersant is within this range, the luminescent material can be uniformly dispersed in the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the dispersant is 3 parts by weight, the more preferable upper limit is 30 parts by weight, the still more preferable lower limit is 5 parts by weight, and the still more preferable upper limit is 25 parts by weight.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass may further contain an ultraviolet absorber.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass contains an ultraviolet absorber, the light resistance of the interlayer film for laminated glass is increased. Since a display device capable of displaying a gradation pattern with higher design properties is obtained, the content of the ultraviolet absorbent in the interlayer film for laminated glass is preferably 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin. A more preferred upper limit is 0.5 parts by weight, a still more preferred upper limit is 0.2 parts by weight, and a particularly preferred upper limit is 0.1 parts by weight.
- Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include a compound having a malonic ester structure, a compound having an oxalic acid anilide structure, a compound having a benzotriazole structure, a compound having a benzophenone structure, a compound having a triazine structure, a compound having a benzoate structure, and a hindered amine
- Examples include ultraviolet absorbers such as compounds having a structure.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass may further contain a plasticizer.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, phosphoric acid plasticizers such as organic phosphoric acid plasticizers and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.
- the monobasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- glycol such as triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, n-octyl
- glycol esters obtained by reaction with monobasic organic acids such as acid, 2-ethylhexyl acid, pelargonic acid (n-nonyl acid), and decyl acid.
- triethylene glycol dicaproate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-n-octylate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexylate and the like are preferable.
- the polybasic organic acid ester is not particularly limited.
- an ester compound of a polybasic organic acid such as adipic acid, sebacic acid or azelaic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branched structure having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- dibutyl sebacic acid ester, dioctyl azelaic acid ester, dibutyl carbitol adipic acid ester and the like are preferable.
- the organic ester plasticizer is not particularly limited, and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, Triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethyl Butyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di- -Ethylhexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate,
- the organophosphate plasticizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.
- dihexyl adipate DHA
- triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate 3GO
- tetraethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate 4GO
- the content of the plasticizer in the interlayer film for laminated glass is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin is 30 parts by weight, and a preferable upper limit is 100 parts by weight.
- a preferable lower limit with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin is 30 parts by weight
- a preferable upper limit is 100 parts by weight.
- the content of the plasticizer is 30 parts by weight or more, the melt viscosity of the laminated glass interlayer film becomes low, so that the laminated glass interlayer film can be easily formed.
- the content of the plasticizer is 100 parts by weight or less, the transparency of the interlayer film for laminated glass when the gradation pattern is erased increases.
- a more preferred lower limit of the plasticizer content is 35 parts by weight, a more preferred upper limit is 80 parts by weight, a still more preferred lower limit is 45 parts by weight, a still more preferred upper limit is 70 parts by weight, a particularly preferred lower limit is 50 parts by weight, and a particularly preferred upper limit. Is 63 parts by weight.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an antioxidant having a phenol structure, an antioxidant containing sulfur, and an antioxidant containing phosphorus.
- the antioxidant having the phenol structure is an antioxidant having a phenol skeleton.
- antioxidant having a phenol structure examples include 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), 2,6-di-t-butyl-4- Ethylphenol, stearyl- ⁇ - (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,2′-methylenebis- (4-methyl-6-butylphenol), 2,2′-methylenebis- ( 4-ethyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidene-bis- (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 1,1,3-tris- (2-methyl-hydroxy-5-t -Butylphenyl) butane, tetrakis [methylene-3- (3 ', 5'-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 1,3,3-tris- (2-methyl) 4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenol) butane, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2
- the interlayer film for laminated glass may contain additives such as a light stabilizer, an antistatic agent, a blue pigment, a blue dye, a green pigment, and a green dye as necessary.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass may have a single layer structure composed only of a light emitting layer containing the light emitting material, or may have a multilayer structure in which a light emitting layer containing the light emitting material and another layer are laminated.
- the light emitting layer containing the light emitting material may be disposed on the entire surface of the interlayer film for laminated glass, or may be disposed only on a part thereof. It may be arranged on the entire surface in a plane direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the intermediate film, or may be arranged only in part.
- the gradation pattern can be displayed only in the light emitting area by using the part as a light emitting area and the other part as a non-light emitting area. it can.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass has a multilayer structure
- various functions can be imparted to the resulting interlayer film for laminated glass by adjusting the constituent components of the light emitting layer containing the light emitting material and other layers. It is.
- the content of the plasticizer hereinafter also referred to as content X
- content Y the content of the plasticizer relative to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin in this layer
- the content X is preferably 5 parts by weight or more, more preferably 10 parts by weight or more, and still more preferably 15 parts by weight or more than the content Y.
- the difference between the content X and the content Y is preferably 50 parts by weight or less, more preferably 40 parts by weight or less. Preferably, it is 35 parts by weight or less.
- the preferred lower limit of the content X is 45 parts by weight, the preferred upper limit is 80 parts by weight, the more preferred lower limit is 50 parts by weight, the more preferred upper limit is 75 parts by weight, and the still more preferred lower limit is 55 parts by weight. Is 70 parts by weight.
- the preferred lower limit of the content Y is 20 parts by weight, the preferred upper limit is 45 parts by weight, the more preferred lower limit is 30 parts by weight, the more preferred upper limit is 43 parts by weight, and the still more preferred lower limit is 35 parts by weight. Is 41 parts by weight.
- the thermoplastic resin in the light emitting layer is preferably polyvinyl acetal X.
- the polyvinyl acetal X can be prepared by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate.
- a preferable lower limit of the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 200, and a preferable upper limit is 5000.
- the more preferable lower limit of the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500, and the more preferable upper limit is 4000.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is determined by a method based on JIS K6726 “Testing method for polyvinyl alcohol”.
- the preferable lower limit of the carbon number of the aldehyde for acetalizing the polyvinyl alcohol is 4, and the preferable upper limit is 6.
- the aldehyde having 4 to 6 carbon atoms may be a linear aldehyde or a branched aldehyde, and examples thereof include n-butyraldehyde and n-valeraldehyde. .
- the upper limit with the preferable amount of hydroxyl groups of the said polyvinyl acetal X is 30 mol%.
- the upper limit of the amount of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal X is more preferably 28 mol%, more preferably 26 mol%, and particularly preferably 24 mol%, the preferable lower limit is 10 mol%, and the more preferable lower limit is 15 mol%.
- a preferred lower limit is 20 mol%.
- the amount of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal X is a value obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which the hydroxyl groups are bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain, as a percentage (mol%).
- the amount of ethylene group to which the hydroxyl group is bonded can be determined, for example, by measuring the amount of ethylene group to which the hydroxyl group of polyvinyl acetal X is bonded by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”. it can.
- the minimum with the preferable amount of acetal groups of the said polyvinyl acetal X is 60 mol%, and a preferable upper limit is 85 mol%.
- a preferable upper limit is 85 mol%.
- the lower limit of the amount of acetal group of the polyvinyl acetal X is more preferably 65 mol%, still more preferably 68 mol% or more.
- the amount of the acetal group can be determined by measuring the amount of ethylene group to which the acetal group of the polyvinyl acetal X is bonded by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the minimum with the preferable amount of acetyl groups of the said polyvinyl acetal X is 0.1 mol%, and a preferable upper limit is 30 mol%.
- a preferable upper limit is 30 mol%.
- the more preferable lower limit of the acetyl group amount of the polyvinyl acetal X is 1 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 5 mol%, the particularly preferable lower limit is 8 mol%, the more preferable upper limit is 25 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 20 mol%. It is.
- the amount of acetyl groups is the value obtained by subtracting the amount of ethylene groups to which acetal groups are bonded and the amount of ethylene groups to which hydroxyl groups are bonded from the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain. This is a value expressed as a percentage (mol%) of the mole fraction obtained by dividing by.
- the polyvinyl acetal X is a polyvinyl acetal having an acetyl group content of 8 mol% or more, or Polyvinyl acetal having an acetyl group amount of less than 8 mol% and an acetal group amount of 65 mol% or more is preferred.
- the polyvinyl acetal X is a polyvinyl acetal having an acetyl group amount of 8 mol% or more, or a polyvinyl acetal having an acetyl group amount of less than 8 mol% and an acetal group amount of 68 mol% or more. More preferable.
- the thermoplastic resin in the other layer is preferably polyvinyl acetal Y.
- the polyvinyl acetal Y preferably has a larger amount of hydroxyl groups than the polyvinyl acetal X.
- the polyvinyl acetal Y can be prepared by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate.
- the preferable minimum of the average degree of polymerization of the said polyvinyl alcohol is 200, and a preferable upper limit is 5000.
- the more preferable lower limit of the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500, and the more preferable upper limit is 4000.
- the preferable lower limit of the carbon number of the aldehyde for acetalizing the polyvinyl alcohol is 3, and the preferable upper limit is 4.
- the aldehyde having 3 to 4 carbon atoms may be a linear aldehyde or a branched aldehyde, and examples thereof include n-butyraldehyde.
- the upper limit with the preferable amount of hydroxyl groups of the said polyvinyl acetal Y is 33 mol%, and a preferable minimum is 28 mol%.
- the minimum with the preferable amount of acetal groups of the said polyvinyl acetal Y is 60 mol%, and a preferable upper limit is 80 mol%.
- a preferable upper limit is 80 mol%.
- the upper limit with the preferable amount of acetyl groups of the said polyvinyl acetal Y is 7 mol%. By making the amount of acetyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal Y 7 mol% or less, the hydrophobicity of other layers can be increased and whitening can be prevented.
- the upper limit with the more preferable amount of acetyl groups of the said polyvinyl acetal Y is 2 mol%, and a preferable minimum is 0.1 mol%.
- the amount of hydroxyl groups, the amount of acetal groups, and the amount of acetyl groups of polyvinyl acetal Y can be measured by the same method as for polyvinyl acetal X.
- heat ray absorption is performed in any one layer, any two layers, or all layers of the light emitting layer containing the light emitting material and other layers.
- An agent can be included.
- the heat ray absorber is not particularly limited as long as it has the ability to shield infrared rays, but is tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) particles, antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) particles, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) particles, indium-doped oxide. At least one selected from the group consisting of zinc (IZO) particles, tin-doped zinc oxide particles, silicon-doped zinc oxide particles, lanthanum hexaboride particles and cerium hexaboride particles is preferred.
- the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit is 50 ⁇ m, a preferable upper limit is 1700 ⁇ m, a more preferable lower limit is 100 ⁇ m, a more preferable upper limit is 1000 ⁇ m, and a further preferable upper limit is 900 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass means the thickness of the minimum thickness portion of the interlayer film for laminated glass, and the upper limit of the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass is the maximum of the interlayer film for laminated glass. It means the thickness of the thickness part.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer containing the light emitting material is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit is 50 ⁇ m and a preferable upper limit is 1000 ⁇ m.
- a preferable lower limit is 50 ⁇ m and a preferable upper limit is 1000 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer containing the light emitting material is within this range, light emission with sufficiently high contrast can be obtained when light of a specific wavelength is irradiated.
- the more preferable lower limit of the thickness of the light emitting layer containing the light emitting material is 80 ⁇ m
- the more preferable upper limit is 500 ⁇ m
- the still more preferable lower limit is 90 ⁇ m
- the still more preferable upper limit is 300 ⁇ m.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention may have a wedge-shaped cross section. Because the cross-sectional shape of the interlayer film for laminated glass is wedge-shaped, for example, the gradation from the end to the center of the laminated glass can change abruptly, conversely, from the end to the center of the laminated glass It is possible to increase the variation of gradation changes, such as gradually changing the gradation. From the viewpoint of displaying a gradation pattern with less color unevenness and high design, it is preferable that the upper limit of the wedge angle ⁇ of the wedge shape is 1 mrad.
- an interlayer film for laminated glass having a wedge-shaped cross section is manufactured by a method of extruding a resin composition using an extruder, a slightly inner region (specifically, from one end on the thin side) , Where X is the distance between one end and the other end, and has a minimum thickness in the range from 0X to 0.2X inward from one end on the thin side, and one end on the thick side
- the maximum thickness in the region slightly inside specifically, when the distance between one end and the other end is X, the region from 0X to 0.2X inward from one end on the thick side
- It may become the shape which has. In the present specification, such a shape is also included in the wedge shape.
- the cross-sectional shape of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention may have a multilayer structure including a light emitting layer and other layers (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “shape auxiliary layer”).
- shape auxiliary layer While the thickness of the light emitting layer is kept within a certain range, by laminating the shape auxiliary layer, the cross-sectional shape of the entire interlayer film for laminated glass can be adjusted to a wedge shape with a constant wedge angle.
- the entire cross-sectional shape of the interlayer film for laminated glass can be adjusted to a wedge shape having a constant wedge angle.
- the shape auxiliary layer may be laminated only on one surface of the light emitting layer, or may be laminated on both surfaces. Further, a plurality of shape auxiliary layers may be laminated.
- the light emitting layer may have a wedge-shaped cross section or a rectangular shape.
- the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the light emitting layer is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less. Thereby, it is possible to suppress unintended color unevenness in the gradation pattern.
- the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of the light emitting layer is more preferably 95 ⁇ m or less, and still more preferably 90 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit is 50 ⁇ m and a preferable upper limit is 700 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the light emitting layer is within this range, a highly designable gradation pattern can be displayed.
- the more preferable lower limit of the thickness of the light emitting layer is 70 ⁇ m
- the more preferable upper limit is 400 ⁇ m
- the still more preferable lower limit is 80 ⁇ m
- the still more preferable upper limit is 150 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the light emitting layer means the thickness of the minimum thickness portion of the light emitting layer
- the upper limit of the thickness of the light emitting layer means the thickness of the maximum thickness portion of the light emitting layer.
- the shape auxiliary layer has a role of being laminated on the light emitting layer and adjusting the cross sectional shape of the laminated glass intermediate film as a wedge shape having a constant wedge angle.
- the shape auxiliary layer preferably has a wedge-shaped, triangular, trapezoidal or rectangular cross-sectional shape.
- the thickness of the shape auxiliary layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of practical use and from the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing the adhesive strength and penetration resistance, the preferred lower limit is 10 ⁇ m, the preferred upper limit is 1000 ⁇ m, and the more preferred lower limit is 200 ⁇ m, A more preferable upper limit is 800 ⁇ m, and a further preferable lower limit is 300 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the shape auxiliary layer means the thickness of the minimum thickness portion of the shape auxiliary layer, and the upper limit of the thickness of the shape auxiliary layer means the thickness of the maximum thickness portion of the shape auxiliary layer. To do. Further, when a plurality of shape auxiliary layers are used in combination, the total thickness is meant.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams for explaining an example of the case where the cross-sectional shape of the interlayer film for laminated glass of the present invention is a wedge shape.
- the thickness and wedge angle ⁇ of the interlayer film for laminated glass and each layer constituting the interlayer film for laminated glass are shown to be different from the actual thickness and wedge angle. Yes.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section in the thickness direction of the interlayer film 1 for laminated glass.
- the interlayer film 1 for laminated glass has a two-layer structure in which a shape auxiliary layer 12 is laminated on one surface of a light emitting layer 11 containing a light emitting material.
- the light emitting layer 11 has a rectangular shape
- the shape auxiliary layer 12 has a wedge shape, a triangular shape, or a trapezoidal shape, so that the laminated film intermediate film 1 has a wedge angle ⁇ of 0.1 to 1 mrad as a whole. It has a wedge shape.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section in the thickness direction of the interlayer film 2 for laminated glass.
- the interlayer film 2 for laminated glass has a three-layer structure in which a shape auxiliary layer 22 and a shape auxiliary layer 23 are laminated on both surfaces of a light emitting layer 21 containing a light emitting material.
- the shape auxiliary layer 22 is wedge-shaped, triangular, or trapezoidal so that the interlayer film 2 for laminated glass as a whole is wedged.
- the wedge shape has an angle ⁇ of 0.1 to 1 mrad.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section in the thickness direction of the interlayer film 3 for laminated glass.
- the interlayer film 3 for laminated glass has a three-layer structure in which a shape auxiliary layer 32 and a shape auxiliary layer 33 are laminated on both surfaces of a light emitting layer 31 containing a light emitting material.
- the light emitting layer 31 has a gentle wedge shape with a difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the wedge angle ⁇ of the laminated glass intermediate film 3 as a whole is increased. It has a wedge shape of 0.1 to 1 mrad.
- the method for producing the interlayer film for laminated glass is not particularly limited.
- a plasticizer solution containing a plasticizer and a light-emitting material and a thermoplastic resin are sufficiently mixed to produce a resin composition for forming an interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the resin composition for forming the interlayer film for laminated glass can be extruded using an extruder to produce an interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the laminated glass is obtained by laminating the interlayer film for laminated glass between a pair of glass plates.
- the said glass plate can use the transparent plate glass generally used. Examples thereof include inorganic glass such as float plate glass, polished plate glass, template glass, netted glass, wire-containing plate glass, colored plate glass, heat ray absorbing glass, heat ray reflecting glass, and green glass.
- inorganic glass such as float plate glass, polished plate glass, template glass, netted glass, wire-containing plate glass, colored plate glass, heat ray absorbing glass, heat ray reflecting glass, and green glass.
- the ultraviolet shielding glass in which the ultraviolet shielding coating layer was formed in the glass surface can be used, it is preferable to use as a glass plate opposite to the side irradiated with the light ray of a specific wavelength.
- organic plastics plates such as polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and polyacrylate can be used as the glass plate.
- glass plate Two or more types of glass plates may be used as the glass plate.
- stacked the said intermediate film for laminated glass between transparent float plate glass and colored glass plates like green glass is mentioned.
- the light source irradiates light having an excitation wavelength of the light emitting material in the laminated glass, and plays a role of displaying a gradation pattern on the laminated glass by irradiating the light.
- the irradiated light includes the excitation wavelength of the luminescent material and is selected according to the type of the luminescent material. Examples of the light source include spot light sources (manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics, “LC-8”, etc.), xenon flash lamps (manufactured by Heraeus, “CW lamp”, etc.), black lights (manufactured by Inoue Seieido, “carry hand” ]) And the like.
- the output of the irradiated light is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 mW / cm 2 or more. By irradiating a light beam of 10 mW / cm 2 or more, a gradation pattern with excellent design can be displayed.
- the more preferable lower limit of the output of the irradiated light is 30 mW / cm 2
- the more preferable lower limit is 50 mW / cm 2
- the particularly preferable lower limit is 100 mW / cm 2 .
- the upper limit of the output of the irradiated light is not particularly limited, from the viewpoint of unnecessarily without increasing the size of the apparatus, preferably 1000 mW / cm 2 or less.
- the gradation pattern to be displayed can be freely changed.
- the output of the light beam to be irradiated is measured by irradiation intensity measurement using a laser power meter (for example, “Beam Track Power Measurement Sensor 3A-QUAD” manufactured by OFIEL JAPAN Co., Ltd.) disposed at a position 10 cm away from the light source. Can be measured.
- a laser power meter for example, “Beam Track Power Measurement Sensor 3A-QUAD” manufactured by OFIEL JAPAN Co., Ltd.
- the irradiation diameter of the irradiated light is preferably 0.1 cm or more. If the said irradiation diameter is 0.1 cm or more, it will become easy to display the gradation pattern excellent in the designability.
- the irradiation diameter of the irradiated light is more preferably 0.5 cm or more, further preferably 1.0 cm or more, and particularly preferably 3.0 cm or more.
- the upper limit of the irradiation diameter of the irradiated light is not particularly limited, but is substantially 50 cm or less in consideration of the size of the laminated glass.
- the irradiation diameter of the light beam to be irradiated is measured by using a laser power meter (for example, “Beam Track Power Measurement Sensor 3A-QUAD” manufactured by OFIEL JAPAN Co., Ltd.) disposed at a position 10 cm away from the light source. Can be measured.
- a laser power meter for example, “Beam Track Power Measurement Sensor 3A-QUAD” manufactured by OFIEL JAPAN Co., Ltd.
- the irradiation diameter is a diameter in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis and in the same plane as the thickness direction of the laminated glass.
- the laminated glass and the light source are arranged such that light rays emitted from the light source are emitted from the peripheral edge of the laminated glass toward the inside of the laminated glass.
- the peripheral edge of the laminated glass is a space at a distance of 30 cm from the edge of the laminated glass.
- the laminated glass 4 has a structure in which an interlayer film 41 for laminated glass including a thermoplastic resin and a light emitting material is laminated between a pair of glass plates 42.
- the light source 5 is disposed so that the irradiated light beam is irradiated from the peripheral edge of the laminated glass 4 toward the inside.
- the light emitting material contained in the interlayer film 41 for laminated glass emits light.
- the peripheral portion toward the inside light is emitted at a higher light emission intensity at a portion close to the light source, while light emission attenuates at a portion far from the light source, so that the light emission intensity is lowered.
- a gradation pattern with different emission intensities is displayed from a part close to the light source to a part far from the light source.
- This gradation pattern can be changed by adjusting the output of the irradiated light beam, and can also be erased by stopping the light beam irradiation.
- the angle 6 formed by the surface direction of the laminated glass 4 and the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the light source 5 is preferably 30 ° or less, and more preferably 15 ° or less. If the angle 6 is 30 ° or less, the contrast of the gradation pattern can be improved.
- the angle 6 formed by the surface direction of the laminated glass 4 and the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the light source 5 is 6 Is preferably 0.01 ° or more, more preferably 0.05 ° or more, still more preferably 0.1 ° or more, and particularly preferably 0.5 ° or more.
- the angle 6 formed by the surface direction of the laminated glass 4 and the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the light source 5 may be 0 ° depending on the gradation to be displayed. Since it is obtained, it is preferable to exceed 0 °.
- the gradation pattern can also be changed by adjusting the angle 6.
- the display device of the present invention can freely change the gradation pattern displayed on the laminated glass or switch it to a transparent state, it can be used for applications that require designability, privacy protection, light shielding, and the like. Preferably used. For example, it is suitable for automotive roof glass and building window glass.
- the glass for automobile roofs and the window glass for buildings including the display device of the present invention are also one aspect of the present invention.
- the display apparatus which can display the gradation pattern which can change the gradation pattern on a laminated glass freely, or can be switched to a transparent state, the glass for motor vehicle roof containing this display apparatus, and an object for buildings Window glass can be provided.
- Tb (HFA) 3 phen 12.5 mmol of terbium acetate (Tb (CH 3 COO) 3 ) was dissolved in 50 mL of distilled water, and 33.6 mmol of hexafluoroacetylacetone (HFA, CF 3 COCH 2 COCF 3 ) was dissolved. The mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The precipitated solid was filtered, washed with water, and recrystallized with methanol and distilled water to obtain Tb (HFA) 3 (H 2 O) 2 .
- Tb (TFA) 3 except for using trifluoroacetylacetone instead of preparing hexafluoroacetylacetone phen in the same manner as Tb (HFA) 3 phen, was obtained Tb (TFA) 3 phen.
- thermoplastic resin ABSOR thermoplastic resin
- polyvinyl butyral prepared according to the following procedure was used as the thermoplastic resin.
- a 2 m 3 reactor equipped with a stirrer 1700 kg of a 7.5% by weight aqueous solution of PVA (polymerization degree 1700, saponification degree 99 mol%), n-butyraldehyde 74.6 kg, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4 -0.13 kg of methylphenol was charged and the whole was cooled to 14 ° C.
- 99.44 L of nitric acid having a concentration of 30% by mass was added, and butyralization of PVA was started.
- Example 6 (1) Manufacture of interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass To 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO), 0.2 part by weight of Eu (TFA) 3 phene is added to produce a luminescent plasticizer. A solution was prepared. A resin composition was prepared by sufficiently kneading the total amount of the obtained plasticizer solution and 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl butyral with a mixing roll. The obtained resin composition was extruded using an extruder to obtain an interlayer film for laminated glass (thickness: 760 ⁇ m). The total content of sodium, potassium and magnesium of the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass measured using an ICP emission spectrometer (“ICPE-9000” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was 5 ppm. .
- ICPE-9000 ICP emission spectrometer
- the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass was laminated between a pair of clear glass (thickness 2.5 mm) having a length of 5 cm and a width of 5 cm to obtain a laminate.
- the obtained laminate was vacuum-pressed while being held at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes with a vacuum laminator to be pressure-bonded. After the pressure bonding, pressure bonding was performed for 20 minutes using an autoclave under conditions of 140 ° C. and 14 MPa to obtain a laminated glass.
- Example 1 As a result, in Examples 1 to 5, it was possible to display a very beautiful gradation pattern in which the luminance changed depending on the distance from the end. Moreover, in Example 6 which did not irradiate a light beam, the laminated glass could be made transparent.
- Examples 7 to 22 Except for changing the type and content of the luminescent material, the intensity of the light beam, the irradiation diameter, the surface direction of the laminated glass and the optical axis of the light beam irradiated from the light source as shown in Tables 2 to 4, In the same manner as in No. 1, an interlayer film for laminated glass, a laminated glass, and a display device were produced. As in Examples 1 to 5, when the display of the gradation pattern was confirmed, it was possible to display a very beautiful gradation pattern in which the luminance varied depending on the distance from the edge.
- the display apparatus which can display the gradation pattern which can change the gradation pattern on a laminated glass freely, or can be switched to a transparent state, the glass for motor vehicle roof containing this display apparatus, and an object for buildings Window glass can be provided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Arrangements Of Lighting Devices For Vehicle Interiors, Mounting And Supporting Thereof, Circuits Therefore (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
例えば、建築物の窓用のガラスとしてグラデーション模様を有するガラスを用いた場合、優れた意匠性を発揮できるとともに、必要な部分を不透明とすることにより優れたプライバシー保護性を発揮することができる。また、例えば、自動車ルーフ用のガラスとしてグラデーション模様を有するガラスを用いた場合にも、優れた意匠性を発揮できるとともに、外部からの光を遮蔽して室内の光の状態を制御することができる。
このようなグラデーション模様を有するガラスとして、例えば特許文献1には、濃色部とグラデーション部と透明部とを備え、これらの部位がこの順に厚み方向と直行する方向に並んで配置された合わせガラス用中間膜が開示されている。
以下に本発明を詳述する。
上記合わせガラスは、一対のガラス板の間に、熱可塑性樹脂及び発光材料を含む合わせガラス用中間膜が積層されたものである。
上記ポリビニルアセタールのアセタール化度の好ましい下限は40モル%、好ましい上限は85モル%であり、より好ましい下限は60モル%、より好ましい上限は75モル%である。
なお、上記アセタール化度及び水酸基量は、例えば、JIS K6728「ポリビニルブチラール試験方法」に準拠して測定できる。
上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度の好ましい下限は500、好ましい上限は4000である。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度が500以上であると、得られる合わせガラスの耐貫通性が高くなる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度が4000以下であると、合わせガラス用中間膜の成形が容易になる。上記ポリビニルアルコールの重合度のより好ましい下限は1000、より好ましい上限は3600である。
上記発光材料は、粒子状であることが好ましい。粒子状であることにより、合わせガラス用中間膜中に微分散させることが容易となる。
ランタノイド錯体のなかでも、ハロゲン原子を含む配位子を有するランタノイド錯体は光線を照射することにより高い発光強度で発光する。上記ハロゲン原子を含む配位子を有するランタノイド錯体としては、ハロゲン原子を含む単座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体や、ハロゲン原子を含む二座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体、ハロゲン原子を含む三座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体、ハロゲン原子を含む四座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体、ハロゲン原子を含む五座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体、ハロゲン原子を含む六座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体等のハロゲン原子を含む多座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体が挙げられる。
しかも、上記ハロゲン原子を含む二座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体又はハロゲン原子を含む三座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体は、耐熱性にも優れる。自動車ルーフ用ガラスや建築物用窓ガラスは太陽光の赤外線が照射されることにより、高温環境下で使用されることが多い。このような高温環境下では発光材料が劣化して、特に合わせガラスの端部において発光材料が劣化して、グラデーション模様の意匠性が低下してしまうことがある。発光材料として上記ハロゲン原子を含む二座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体又はハロゲン原子を含む三座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体を用いることにより、高温環境下においても、意匠性が変化しにくい合わせガラス用中間膜を得ることができる。
上記R2は、炭素数1以上のアルキレン基であることが好ましく、炭素数1~5のアルキレン基であることがより好ましく、炭素数1のメチレン基であることが最も好ましい。上記炭素数1以上のアルキレン基は水素原子の一部が、水素原子以外の原子及び官能基と置換されていても良い。
上記ハロゲン原子を含むアセチルアセトン骨格を有する二座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体は、例えば、Eu(TFA)3phen、Eu(TFA)3dpphen、Eu(HFA)3phen、[Eu(FPD)3]bpy、[Eu(TFA)3]tmphen、[Eu(FPD)3]phen等が挙げられる。これらのハロゲン原子を含むアセチルアセトン骨格を有する二座配位子を有するランタノイド錯体の構造を示す。
上記ハロゲン原子を含む配位子を有するランタノイド錯体が粒子状である場合、ランタノイド錯体の平均粒子径の好ましい下限は0.01μm、好ましい上限は10μmであり、より好ましい下限は0.03μm、より好ましい上限は1μmである。
これらは単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を用いてもよい。
合わせガラス用中間膜の透明性がより一層高くなることから、xは1又は2であることが好ましく、ベンゼン環の2位又は5位に水酸基を有することがより好ましく、ベンゼン環の2位及び5位に水酸基を有することが更に好ましい。
上記R6の有機基は炭化水素基であることが好ましく、炭素数が1~10の炭化水素基であることがより好ましく、炭素数が1~5の炭化水素基であることが更に好ましく、炭素数が1~3の炭化水素基であることが特に好ましい。
上記炭化水素基の炭素数が10以下であると、上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料を合わせガラス用中間膜に容易に分散させることができる。
上記炭化水素基はアルキル基であることが好ましい。
なかでも、意匠性がより一層高いグラデーション模様を表示できることから、上記一般式(9)で表される構造を有する化合物はジエチル-2,5-ジヒドロキシルテレフタレート(Aldrich社製「2,5-ジヒドロキシテレフタル酸ジエチル」)であることが好ましい。
上記R7の有機基は炭化水素基であることが好ましく、炭素数が1~10の炭化水素基であることがより好ましく、炭素数が1~5の炭化水素基であることが更に好ましく、炭素数が1~3の炭化水素基であることが特に好ましい。
上記炭化水素基の炭素数が上記上限以下であると、上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料を合わせガラス用中間膜に容易に分散させることができる。
上記炭化水素基はアルキル基であることが好ましい。
上記一般式(10)中、NR8R9はアミノ基である。R8及びR9は、水素原子であることが好ましい。
上記一般式(10)で表される構造を有する化合物のベンゼン環の水素原子のうち、一つの水素原子が上記アミノ基であってもよく、二つの水素原子が上記アミノ基であってもよく、三つの水素原子が上記アミノ基であってもよく、四つの水素原子が上記アミノ基であってもよい。
上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料の含有量が0.001重量部以上であると、光線が照射されることにより、意匠性がより一層高いグラデーション模様を表示することができる。上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料の含有量が15重量部以下であると、グラデーション模様を消したときの合わせガラス用中間膜の透明性がより一層高くなる。上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料の含有量のより好ましい下限は0.01重量部、より好ましい上限は10重量部、更に好ましい下限は0.1重量部、更に好ましい上限は8重量部、特に好ましい下限は0.5重量部、特に好ましい上限は5重量部である。
上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料の含有量が0.007重量%以上であると、意匠性がより一層高いグラデーション模様を表示することができる。上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料の含有量が4.5重量%以下であると、グラデーション模様を消したときの合わせガラス用中間膜の透明性がより一層高くなる。
上記テレフタル酸エステル構造を有する発光材料の含有量のより好ましい下限は0.01重量%、より好ましい上限は4重量%、更に好ましい下限は0.1重量%、更に好ましい上限は3.5重量%である。
カリウム、ナトリウム及びマグネシウムの合計の含有量を50ppm以下とすることにより、併用する上記発光材料の発光性が低下するのを防止することができる。
上記分散剤は、例えば、直鎖アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩等のスルホン酸構造を有する化合物や、ジエステル化合物、リシノール酸アルキルエステル、フタル酸エステル、アジピン酸エステル、セバシン酸エステル、リン酸エステル等のエステル構造を有する化合物や、ポリオキシエチレングリコール、ポリオキシプロピレングリコールやアルキルフェニル-ポリオキシエチレン-エーテル等のエーテル構造を有する化合物や、ポリカルボン酸等のカルボン酸構造を有する化合物や、ラウリルアミン、ジメチルラウリルアミン、オレイルプロピレンジアミン、ポリオキシエチレンの2級アミン、ポリオキシエチレンの3級アミン、ポリオキシエチレンのジアミン等のアミン構造を有する化合物や、ポリアルキレンポリアミンアルキレンオキシド等のポリアミン構造を有する化合物や、オレイン酸ジエタノールアミド、アルカノール脂肪酸アミド等のアミド構造を有する化合物や、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリエステル酸アマイドアミン塩等の高分子量型アミド構造を有する化合物等の分散剤を用いることができる。また、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルリン酸(塩)や高分子ポリカルボン酸、縮合リシノール酸エステル等の高分子量分散剤を用いてもよい。なお、高分子量分散剤とは、その分子量が1万以上である分散剤と定義される。
意匠性がより一層高いグラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置が得られることから、上記合わせガラス用中間膜中における上記紫外線吸収剤の含有量は、上記熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対する好ましい上限は1重量部、より好ましい上限は0.5重量部、更に好ましい上限は0.2重量部、特に好ましい上限は0.1重量部である。
上記可塑剤は特に限定されず、例えば、一塩基性有機酸エステル、多塩基性有機酸エステル等の有機エステル可塑剤、有機リン酸可塑剤、有機亜リン酸可塑剤等のリン酸可塑剤等が挙げられる。上記可塑剤は液状可塑剤であることが好ましい。
上記酸化防止剤は特に限定されず、フェノール構造を有する酸化防止剤、硫黄を含む酸化防止剤、リンを含む酸化防止剤等が挙げられる。
上記フェノール構造を有する酸化防止剤はフェノール骨格を有する酸化防止剤である。上記フェノール構造を有する酸化防止剤としては、例えば、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール(BHT)、ブチル化ヒドロキシアニソール(BHA)、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-エチルフェノール、ステアリル-β-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート、2,2’-メチレンビス-(4-メチル-6-ブチルフェノール)、2,2’-メチレンビス-(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4,4’-ブチリデン-ビス-(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、1,1,3-トリス-(2-メチル-ヒドロキシ-5-t-ブチルフェニル)ブタン、テトラキス[メチレン-3-(3’,5’-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン、1,3,3-トリス-(2-メチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-t-ブチルフェノール)ブタン、1,3,5-トリメチル-2,4,6-トリス(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)ベンゼン、ビス(3,3’-t-ブチルフェノール)ブチリックアシッドグリコールエステル、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオナート]等が挙げられる。上記酸化防止剤は、単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記合わせガラス用中間膜が多層構造である場合、上記発光材料を含む発光層は合わせガラス用中間膜の全面に配置されていてもよく、一部にのみ配置されていてもよく、合わせガラス用中間膜の厚み方向とは垂直の面方向の全面に配置されていてもよく、一部にのみ配置されていてもよい。上記発光材料を含む発光層が一部にのみ配置されている場合には、該一部を発光エリア、他の部分を非発光エリアとして、発光エリアにおいてのみグラデーション模様を表示できるようにすることができる。
例えば、上記合わせガラス用中間膜に遮音性能を付与するために、上記発光材料を含む発光層における熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対する可塑剤の含有量(以下、含有量Xともいう。)を、他の層における熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対する可塑剤の含有量(以下、含有量Yともいう。)よりも多くすることができる。この場合、上記含有量Xは上記含有量Yよりも5重量部以上多いことが好ましく、10重量部以上多いことがより好ましく、15重量部以上多いことが更に好ましい。合わせガラス用中間膜の耐貫通性がより一層高くなることから、上記含有量Xと上記含有量Yとの差は、50重量部以下であることが好ましく、40重量部以下であることがより好ましく、35重量部以下であることが更に好ましい。なお、上記含有量Xと上記含有量Yとの差は、(上記含有量Xと上記含有量Yとの差)=(上記含有量X-上記含有量Y)により算出される。
上記含有量Yの好ましい下限は20重量部、好ましい上限は45重量部であり、より好ましい下限は30重量部、より好ましい上限は43重量部であり、更に好ましい下限は35重量部、更に好ましい上限は41重量部である。上記含有量Yを上記好ましい下限以上とすることにより、高い耐貫通性を発揮することができる。上記含有量Yを上記好ましい上限以下とすることにより、可塑剤のブリードアウトの発生を抑止し、合わせガラス用中間膜の透明性や接着性の低下を防止することができる。
上記ポリビニルアセタールXの水酸基量は、水酸基が結合しているエチレン基量を、主鎖の全エチレン基量で除算して求めたモル分率を百分率(モル%)で表した値である。上記水酸基が結合しているエチレン基量は、例えば、JIS K6728「ポリビニルブチラール試験方法」に準拠した方法により、上記ポリビニルアセタールXの水酸基が結合しているエチレン基量を測定することにより求めることができる。
上記アセタール基量は、JIS K6728「ポリビニルブチラール試験方法」に準拠した方法により、上記ポリビニルアセタールXのアセタール基が結合しているエチレン基量を測定することにより求めることができる。
上記アセチル基量は、主鎖の全エチレン基量から、アセタール基が結合しているエチレン基量と、水酸基が結合しているエチレン基量とを差し引いた値を、主鎖の全エチレン基量で除算して求めたモル分率を百分率(モル%)で表した値である。
なお、ポリビニルアセタールYの水酸基量、アセタール基量、及び、アセチル基量は、ポリビニルアセタールXと同様の方法で測定できる。
上記熱線吸収剤は、赤外線を遮蔽する性能を有すれば特に限定されないが、錫ドープ酸化インジウム(ITO)粒子、アンチモンドープ酸化錫(ATO)粒子、アルミニウムドープ酸化亜鉛(AZO)粒子、インジウムドープ酸化亜鉛(IZO)粒子、錫ドープ酸化亜鉛粒子、珪素ドープ酸化亜鉛粒子、6ホウ化ランタン粒子及び6ホウ化セリウム粒子からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が好適である。
上記ガラス板は、一般に使用されている透明板ガラスを使用することができる。例えば、フロート板ガラス、磨き板ガラス、型板ガラス、網入りガラス、線入り板ガラス、着色された板ガラス、熱線吸収ガラス、熱線反射ガラス、グリーンガラス等の無機ガラスが挙げられる。また、ガラスの表面に紫外線遮蔽コート層が形成された紫外線遮蔽ガラスも用いることができるが、特定の波長の光線を照射する側とは反対のガラス板として用いることが好ましい。更に、上記ガラス板としてポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリアクリレート等の有機プラスチックス板を用いることもできる。
上記ガラス板として、2種類以上のガラス板を用いてもよい。例えば、透明フロート板ガラスと、グリーンガラスのような着色されたガラス板との間に、上記合わせガラス用中間膜を積層した合わせガラスが挙げられる。また、上記ガラス板として、2種以上の厚さの異なるガラス板を用いてもよい。
上記照射される光線の出力を調整できるようにすることにより、表示させるグラデーション模様を自在に変化させることができる。
なお、上記照射する光線の出力は、光源より10cm離れた位置に配置したレーザーパワーメーター(例えば、オフィールジャパン社製、「ビームトラックパワー測定センサー3A-QUAD」等)を用いた照射強度測定により測定することができる。
なお、上記照射する光線の照射径は、光源より10cm離れた位置に配置したレーザーパワーメーター(例えば、オフィールジャパン社製、「ビームトラックパワー測定センサー3A-QUAD」等)を用いた照射強度測定により測定することができる。その際、特に照射する光線が円形状ではない場合や、楕円形状である場合には、光軸に垂直且つ合わせガラスの厚み方向と同一平面状の方向の径を照射径とする。
なお、本明細書において合わせガラスの周縁部とは、合わせガラスの端部から30cmの距離にある空間とする。その際、導光フィルムや光ファイバー等の導光材を通して、光源から照射される光線を合わせガラスの周縁部から合わせガラスの内部に導光できるのであれば、光源自体は合わせガラスの周縁部に配置されていなくともよい。
図4に、合わせガラスと光源との位置関係を説明する模式図を示した。
光源5から光線を照射すると、合わせガラス用中間膜41中に含まれる発光材料が発光する。このとき周縁部から内部に向けて光線が照射されることにより、光源に近い部位ではより高い発光強度で発光する一方、光源から遠い部位では光線が減衰することから発光強度が低下する。その結果、光源に近い部位から遠い部位に向かって発光強度が異なる、グラデーション模様が表示される。このグラデーション模様は、照射される光線の出力を調整することにより変化させることができ、また、光線の照射を止めることにより消すこともできる。
なお、グラデーション模様は、角度6を調整することによっても変化させることができる。
本発明のディスプレイ装置を含む自動車ルーフ用ガラス、建築物用窓ガラスもまた、本発明の1つである。
実施例においては、以下の発光材料を用いた。
・Eu(TFA)3phen
・Eu(HFA)3phen
・Tb(HFA)3phen
・Tb(TFA)3phen
・ジエチル-2,5-ジヒドロキシルテレフタレート(Aldrich社製「2,5-ジヒドロキシテレフタル酸ジエチル」)
市販品であるジエチル-2,5-ジヒドロキシルテレフタレート以外の4種の発光材料は、以下のように調製した。
酢酸ユーロピウム(Eu(CH3COO)3)12.5mmolを50mLの蒸留水へ溶かし、トリフルオロアセチルアセトン(TFA、CH3COCH2COCF3)33.6mmolを加え、室温で3時間撹拌した。沈殿した固体を濾過、水洗後、メタノールと蒸留水で再結晶を行なってEu(TFA)3(H2O)2を得た。得られた錯体Eu(TFA)3(H2O)25.77gと1,10-フェナントロリン(phen)2.5gを100mLのメタノールに溶かし、12時間加熱還流を行なった。12時間後、メタノールを減圧留去により取り除き、白色生成物を得た。この粉末をトルエンで洗浄し、未反応の原料を吸引濾過により取り除いた後、トルエンを減圧留去し、紛体を得た。トルエン、ヘキサンの混合溶媒により再結晶を行なうことにより、Eu(TFA)3phenを得た。
酢酸ユーロピウム(Eu(CH3COO)3)12.5mmolを50mLの蒸留水へ溶かし、ヘキサフルオロアセチルアセトン(HFA)33.6mmolを加え、室温で3時間撹拌した。沈殿した固体を濾過、水洗後、メタノールと蒸留水で再結晶を行なってEu(HFA)3(H2O)2を得た。得られた錯体(Eu(HFA)3(H2O)2)7.20gと1,10-フェナントロリン(phen)2.5gを100mLのメタノールに溶かし、12時間加熱還流を行なった。12時間後、メタノールを減圧留去により取り除き、白色生成物を得た。この粉末をトルエンで洗浄し、未反応の原料を吸引濾過により取り除いた後、トルエンを減圧留去し、紛体を得た。トルエン、ヘキサンの混合溶媒により再結晶を行なうことにより、Eu(HFA)3phenを得た。
酢酸テルビウム(Tb(CH3COO)3)12.5mmolを50mLの蒸留水へ溶かし、ヘキサフルオロアセチルアセトン(HFA、CF3COCH2COCF3)33.6mmolを加え、室温で3時間撹拌した。沈殿した固体を濾過、水洗後、メタノールと蒸留水で再結晶を行なってTb(HFA)3(H2O)2を得た。得られた錯体Tb(HFA)3(H2O)27.26gと1,10-フェナントロリン(phen)2.5gを100mLのメタノールに溶かし、12時間加熱還流を行なった。12時間後、メタノールを減圧留去により取り除き、白色生成物を得た。この粉末をトルエンで洗浄し、未反応の原料を吸引濾過により取り除いた後、トルエンを減圧留去し、紛体を得た。トルエン、ヘキサンの混合溶媒により再結晶を行なうことにより、Tb(HFA)3phenを得た。
ヘキサフルオロアセチルアセトンの代わりにトリフルオロアセチルアセトンを用いた以外はTb(HFA)3phenと同様にして、Tb(TFA)3phenを得た。
実施例においては、熱可塑性樹脂として、以下の手順に従って調製されたポリビニルブチラールを用いた。
攪拌機を取り付けた2m3反応器に、PVA(重合度1700、けん化度99モル%)の7.5質量%水溶液1700kgとn-ブチルアルデヒド74.6kg、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール0.13kgを仕込み、全体を14℃に冷却した。これに、濃度30質量%の硝酸99.44Lを添加して、PVAのブチラール化を開始した。添加終了後から10分後に昇温を開始し、90分かけて65℃まで昇温し、更に120分反応を行なった。その後、室温まで冷却して析出した固形分を濾過後、固形分に対して質量で10倍量のイオン交換水で10回洗浄した。その後、0.3質量%の炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を用いて十分に中和を行ない、更に固形分に対して質量で10倍量のイオン交換水で10回洗浄し、脱水した後、乾燥させ、ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)を得た。
(1)合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラスの製造
トリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部に、Eu(TFA)3phen0.2重量部を加え、発光性の可塑剤溶液を調製した。得られた可塑剤溶液の全量と、ポリビニルブチラール100重量部とをミキシングロールで充分に混練することにより樹脂組成物を調製した。
得られた樹脂組成物を、押出機を用いて押出し、合わせガラス用中間膜(厚み760μm)を得た。
なお、得られた合わせガラス用中間膜について、ICP発光分析装置(島津製作所社製、「ICPE-9000」)を用いてナトリウム、カリウム及びマグネシウムの含有量の合計を測定したところ、5ppmであった。
得られた合わせガラスと、光源の出力調整、専用のバンドパスフィルター(朝日分光社製、「LX0405」)、ロッドレンズ(朝日分光社製)及びファイバー(朝日分光社製)によって、光線の出力や波長を調整できるようにした水銀光源(朝日分光社製、「REX-250」)とを組み合わせてディスプレイ装置を得た。その際に、光軸が合わせガラス内の合わせガラス用中間膜の厚み方向の中央部に位置し、且つ、光源を合わせガラスの端部から1cmの位置に配置してディスプレイ装置を得た。
得られたディスプレイ装置を暗室下に配置し、光源の出力、及び、合わせガラスの面方向と光源から照射される光線の光軸とがなす角度を表1のようにして、光線を照射した。
合わせガラス上の光源を配置した側の端部から0mm、10mm、30mm、50mmの位置に合わせガラスの面方向に対して垂直に輝度計(トプコンテクノハウス社製、「SR-3AR」)を配置し、合わせガラスの輝度を測定した。
その結果、実施例1~5では、端部から距離により輝度が変化した、たいへんに美しいグラデーション模様を表示できた。また、光線を照射しなかった実施例6では、合わせガラスを透明とすることができた。
発光材料の種類、含有量、光線の強度、照射径、合わせガラスの面方向と光源から照射される光線の光軸とがなす角度を表2~表4のように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法により、合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス及びディスプレイ装置を製造した。
実施例1~5と同様に、グラデーション模様の表示を確認したところ、端部から距離により輝度が変化した、たいへんに美しいグラデーション模様を表示できた。
11 発光層
12 形状補助層
2 合わせガラス用中間膜
21 発光層
22 形状補助層
23 形状補助層
3 合わせガラス用中間膜
31 発光層
32 形状補助層
33 形状補助層
4 合わせガラス
41 合わせガラス用中間膜
42 ガラス板
5 光源
6 合わせガラス4の面方向と光源5から照射される光線の光軸とがなす角度
Claims (8)
- 一対のガラス板の間に、熱可塑性樹脂及び発光材料を含む合わせガラス用中間膜が積層された合わせガラスと、前記発光材料の励起波長の光線を照射する光源とを有し、
前記合わせガラスと前記光源とが、前記光源から照射される光線が前記合わせガラスの周縁部から前記合わせガラスの内部に向けて照射されるように配置されている
ことを特徴とするグラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置。 - 合わせガラスの面方向と光源から照射される光線の光軸とがなす角度が30°以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のグラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置。
- 合わせガラスの面方向と光源から照射される光線の光軸とがなす角度が0.1°以上、30°以下であることを特徴とする請求項2記載のグラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置。
- 合わせガラス用中間膜中の発光材料の含有量が、熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対して0.01重量部以上、15重量部以下であることを特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載のグラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置。
- 光源から照射される光線の強度が50mW/cm2以上であることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3又は4記載のグラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置。
- 光源から照射される光線の照射径が0.5cm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1、2、3、4又は5記載のグラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載のディスプレイ装置を含むことを特徴とする自動車ルーフ用ガラス。
- 請求項1、2、3、4、5又は6記載のディスプレイ装置を含むことを特徴とする建築物用窓ガラス。
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| US16/067,664 US10473296B2 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2017-02-28 | Display device capable of displaying gradation pattern, glass for automobile roof, and window glass for building |
| JP2017513567A JP6423958B2 (ja) | 2016-02-29 | 2017-02-28 | グラデーション模様を表示できるディスプレイ装置、自動車ルーフ用ガラス及び建築物用窓ガラス |
| CN201780004038.8A CN108349802B (zh) | 2016-02-29 | 2017-02-28 | 能够显示渐变图案的显示装置、汽车车顶用玻璃和建筑物用窗玻璃 |
| KR1020187012575A KR20180116228A (ko) | 2016-02-29 | 2017-02-28 | 그라데이션 모양을 표시할 수 있는 디스플레이 장치, 자동차 루프용 유리 및 건축물용 창유리 |
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| CN108349802B (zh) | 2022-04-15 |
| US20190011113A1 (en) | 2019-01-10 |
| US10473296B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| MX2018010092A (es) | 2018-09-27 |
| JPWO2017150555A1 (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
| KR20180116228A (ko) | 2018-10-24 |
| EP3424890A4 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
| CN108349802A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
| JP6423958B2 (ja) | 2018-11-14 |
| EP3424890A1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
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