WO2017037053A1 - Wind power installation - Google Patents
Wind power installation Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017037053A1 WO2017037053A1 PCT/EP2016/070399 EP2016070399W WO2017037053A1 WO 2017037053 A1 WO2017037053 A1 WO 2017037053A1 EP 2016070399 W EP2016070399 W EP 2016070399W WO 2017037053 A1 WO2017037053 A1 WO 2017037053A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- generator
- generators
- wind turbine
- wind
- braked
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
- F03D7/0208—Orientating out of wind
- F03D7/0212—Orientating out of wind the rotating axis remaining horizontal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor having a plurality of rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0264—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
- F05B2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
- F05B2250/312—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being parallel to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/90—Braking
- F05B2260/903—Braking using electrical or magnetic forces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the invention relates to wind turbines with two equal rotors having and juxtaposed and together about a pivot axis rotatably mounted wind turbines each having a rotor blades having rotor coupled to a generator and a surrounding at least the rotor blades shell casing.
- a speed control of a jacketed wind turbine is known.
- the rotor blades of a rotor driving a generator are arranged in a jacket housing.
- the rotor is axially displaceably mounted in the direction of its axis of rotation, so that the rotor can be moved axially into relative positions relative to the jacket housing in different positions of lower flow velocity when its rated speed is exceeded.
- the rotor must be coupled with a rotary encoder for detecting the rotational speed of the rotor and with an actuator for axial adjustment of the rotor in the jacket housing. This is a considerable effort to realize the wind turbine available.
- the document WO 201 1/077 134 A2 discloses a device for the electrical power supply of a consumer.
- the consumer is connected to the power supply with an electrical network and an energy converter so that the operation of the consumer is given even in the absence of energy of the energy converter.
- the energy converter can also be a wind turbine.
- the publication WO 2013/028 172 A1 discloses a wind energy plant with a plurality of wind turbines arranged in pairs on a tower.
- the wind turbines can be positioned according to the conditions of the meteorological conditions, in particular the wind direction and the wind force.
- WO 201 1/131 792 A2 discloses a wind power plant, wherein a rotatable platform has two turbines. By braking a rotor of a turbine, a targeted rotation of the platform can be achieved.
- the specified in claim 1 invention has for its object to provide an automatically positioning wind turbine with an overload protection.
- wind turbines with two equal rotors having and juxtaposed and together about a pivot axis rotatably mounted wind turbines each having a rotor blades rotor coupled to a generator and at least the rotor blades surrounding shell are characterized in particular by the fact that these have an overload protection in response to increased wind forces ,
- the generators of wind turbines are connected to a control device so that
- Voltage is greater than the second voltage.
- the generators are three-phase generators. With the braking of one of the generators a simple way of overload protection of the wind turbine is given. Due to the flow of the wind (wind speed), a thrust and a circumferential force are created on a rotor. If two identically sized rotors are arranged next to one another on a pivot axis and if this pivot axis is located in front of the rotor plane (lei rotor) in the wind direction, the thrust forces on both rotors act in such a way that an active directivity is present.
- the two identically sized and juxtaposed rotors can also be located on the pivot axis of the generators in one embodiment.
- An active directivity is given by the lateral surfaces of the generators themselves, so that even an active directivity is present.
- the rotors are formed from the rotor blades arranged in a plane, which thus represent the rotor plane.
- the generator is braked in its speed, which reduces the rotor speed, because the rotor is rotatably mounted on the generator axis.
- the balance of forces of the thrust forces is disturbed and the wind turbine pivots out of the wind direction.
- the wind turbine stands diagonally to the wind direction.
- the speed and thus the speed-proportional voltage also decreases at the second rotor and the coupled generator. If the voltage falls below the second voltage as the preset voltage threshold at the second generator, the brake of the first generator is released and thus the wind turbine with its wind turbines in the form of a double nozzle pivots back into the wind. This process is repeated as long as the wind speed is above the permissible.
- This solution allows operation of the wind turbine in the range of a preset maximum allowable power even at higher wind speeds. A shutdown of the wind turbine is not required.
- the first voltage and the second voltage are output voltages of the generators themselves. Thus, no control lines to the generators are necessary for monitoring. Advantageously, only the conductors need to be routed away from the generators.
- the jacket of the wind turbines and / or the generators of wind turbines are connected to each other according to the embodiment of claim 2.
- the connection is rotatably mounted and the pivot axis of the connection and the rotor blades are spaced from each other. This ensures safe operation of the wind turbine in the wind direction.
- the inner diameter of the jacket housing is smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet opening and the air outlet opening according to the embodiment of claim 3 in the region of the rotor blades.
- the wind speed of the air quantity which is present at the air inlet diameter, increases by the narrowing in the area of the rotor plane, because the same amount of air now through the smaller cross-section as at the air inlet must flow.
- This wind speed increase leads to a greater aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine.
- the currents increase up to the rotor blades. Thereafter, the shell casing expands again, so that no dynamic pressure counteracting the flow can arise.
- the generators are coupled according to the embodiment of claim 4 via slip rings at least to the control device.
- the heads of the generators are guided over the slip rings.
- the conductors represent a limited number, so that an uncomplicated realization is possible. The number can be limited to a maximum of six slip rings when using two alternators.
- the generators are further electrically connected according to the embodiment of claim 5 via the slip rings with at least one rectifier downstream inverter / charge controller and / or at least one electrical load and / or at least one electrical storage.
- the wind turbine can be part of a self-sufficient device, electrical consumers are the other components of the device.
- the latter can be electrical appliances, storage and heating elements.
- the heating elements can be used in addition to the heating of rooms and the heating of energy storage as a heat storage in the form of solid state and / or liquid storage. So that so-called island solutions can be realized.
- In conjunction with a grid-connected inverter can also be a feed of electrical energy into a power grid.
- the braked generator is according to the embodiment of claim 6, an electric generator brake and thus an electric motor brake.
- one of the generators can serve as a brake itself.
- the rotatable and an overload protection having wind turbine is electrically limited to the generators and the control device, wherein the control device of the wind turbine spaced fixed placement.
- the electromotive brake is according to the embodiment of claim 8 interconnected with the control device resistance brake.
- the resistor can also be a consumer, which is switchable in case of overload.
- the actuator unit is connected to the control device.
- Fig. 1 is a wind turbine in a front view
- Fig. 2 is a wind turbine in a side view.
- a wind power plant consists essentially of two equal sized rotors 2 and side by side and together about a pivot axis 4 rotatably mounted wind turbines 1, each having a rotor blades 2 having rotor 1 coupled to a generator and at least the rotor blades 3 surrounding shell 6.
- Fig. 1 is a wind turbine in a basic front view
- Fig. 2 is a wind turbine in a schematic side view.
- the generators of the wind turbines 1 are connected to a control device such that
- Voltage is greater than the second voltage.
- the generators of the wind turbines 1 are connected to each other via a U-shaped bracket 5. This is further spaced connected to the pivot axis 4 so that the pivot axis 4 is arranged at a distance from the rotor blades 3.
- the pivot axis 4 further comprises slip rings for the electrical connection of the generators with the control device and / or the electrical consumers. For three-phase generators, these are six slip rings.
- the control device is a data processing system.
- the braked generator is designed as an electric generator brake and thus an electric motor brake. In the simplest case, this can be a shorted generator.
- the generators are further electrically conductively connected via the slip rings with at least one inverter / charge controller connected downstream of a rectifier and / or at least one electrical load and / or at least one electrical store.
- the inner diameter of the jacket housing 6 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet opening and the air outlet opening in the region of the rotor blades.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Windkraftanlage Wind turbine
Die Erfindung betrifft Windkraftanlagen mit zwei gleich große Rotoren aufweisenden sowie nebeneinander und zusammen um eine Schwenkachse drehbar gelagerten Windkraftturbinen mit jeweils einem Rotorblätter aufweisenden Rotor gekoppelt an einen Generator und einem wenigstens die Rotorblätter umgebenden Mantelgehäuse. The invention relates to wind turbines with two equal rotors having and juxtaposed and together about a pivot axis rotatably mounted wind turbines each having a rotor blades having rotor coupled to a generator and a surrounding at least the rotor blades shell casing.
Durch die Druckschrift DE 101 45 785 C2 ist eine Drehzahlregelung einer ummantelten Windkraftturbine bekannt. Die Rotorblätter eines einen Generator antreibenden Rotors sind in einem Mantelgehäuse angeordnet. Der Rotor ist in Richtung seiner Drehachse axial verstellbar gelagert, so dass der Rotor bei Überschreiten seiner Nenndrehzahl aus seiner Betriebsposition axial relativ zum Mantelgehäuse in unterschiedliche Positionen geringerer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit fahrbar ist. Dazu muss der Rotor mit einem Drehgeber zur Erfassung der Drehzahl des Rotors und mit einem Stellantrieb zur Axialverstellung des Rotors im Mantelgehäuse gekoppelt sein. Damit ist ein nicht unerheblicher Aufwand zur Realisierung der Windkraftturbine vorhanden. By the document DE 101 45 785 C2 a speed control of a jacketed wind turbine is known. The rotor blades of a rotor driving a generator are arranged in a jacket housing. The rotor is axially displaceably mounted in the direction of its axis of rotation, so that the rotor can be moved axially into relative positions relative to the jacket housing in different positions of lower flow velocity when its rated speed is exceeded. For this purpose, the rotor must be coupled with a rotary encoder for detecting the rotational speed of the rotor and with an actuator for axial adjustment of the rotor in the jacket housing. This is a considerable effort to realize the wind turbine available.
Durch die Druckschrift WO 201 1/077 134 A2 ist eine Einrichtung zur elektrischen Energieversorgung eines Verbrauchers bekannt. Der Verbraucher ist zur Energieversorgung mit einem elektrischen Netz und einem Energiewandler so verbunden, dass der Betrieb des Verbrauchers auch bei fehlender Energie des Energiewandlers gegeben ist. Der Energiewandler kann dazu auch eine Windkraftanlage sein. The document WO 201 1/077 134 A2 discloses a device for the electrical power supply of a consumer. The consumer is connected to the power supply with an electrical network and an energy converter so that the operation of the consumer is given even in the absence of energy of the energy converter. The energy converter can also be a wind turbine.
Die Druckschrift WO 2013/028 172 A1 offenbart eine Windenergieanlage mit mehreren paarweise angeordneten Windkraftanlagen auf einem Turm. Die Windkraftanlagen können dabei entsprechend metereologischer Bedingungen, insbesondere der Windrichtung und der Windkraft, positioniert werden. The publication WO 2013/028 172 A1 discloses a wind energy plant with a plurality of wind turbines arranged in pairs on a tower. The wind turbines can be positioned according to the conditions of the meteorological conditions, in particular the wind direction and the wind force.
Durch die Druckschrift WO 201 1/131 792 A2 ist eine Windkraftanlage bekannt, wobei eine drehbare Plattform zwei Turbinen aufweist. Durch das Bremsen eines Rotors einer Turbine kann eine gezielte Drehung der Plattform erzielt werden. The document WO 201 1/131 792 A2 discloses a wind power plant, wherein a rotatable platform has two turbines. By braking a rotor of a turbine, a targeted rotation of the platform can be achieved.
Der im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine sich automatisch positionierende Windkraftanlage mit einer Überlastsicherung zu schaffen. The specified in claim 1 invention has for its object to provide an automatically positioning wind turbine with an overload protection.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den im Patentanspruch 1 aufgeführten Merkmalen gelöst. Die Windkraftanlagen mit zwei gleich große Rotoren aufweisenden sowie nebeneinander und zusammen um eine Schwenkachse drehbar gelagerten Windkraftturbinen mit jeweils einem Rotorblätter aufweisenden Rotor gekoppelt an einen Generator und einem wenigstens die Rotorblätter umgebenden Mantelgehäuse zeichnen sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass diese bei Wirkung erhöhter Windkräfte eine Überlastsicherung aufweisen. This object is achieved with the features listed in claim 1. The wind turbines with two equal rotors having and juxtaposed and together about a pivot axis rotatably mounted wind turbines each having a rotor blades rotor coupled to a generator and at least the rotor blades surrounding shell are characterized in particular by the fact that these have an overload protection in response to increased wind forces ,
Dazu sind die Generatoren der Windkraftturbinen mit einer Steuereinrichtung so verbunden, dass For this purpose, the generators of wind turbines are connected to a control device so that
- bei Überschreiten einer ersten bestimmten Spannung an den Generatoren einerdieser Generatoren gebremst wird und - is braked when exceeding a first certain voltage to the generators of one of these generators, and
- bei Unterschreiten einer zweiten bestimmten Spannung des anderen nicht gebremsten Generators der gebremste Generator nicht weiter gebremst wird, wobei die erste - is not further braked when falling below a second certain voltage of the other non-braked generator, the braked generator, wherein the first
Spannung größer als die zweite Spannung ist. Voltage is greater than the second voltage.
Die Generatoren sind Drehstromgeneratoren. Mit dem Bremsen eines der Generatoren ist eine einfache Möglichkeit einer Überlastsicherung der Windkraftanlage gegeben. Durch die Strömung des Windes (Windgeschwindigkeit) entsteht an einem Rotor eine Schub- und eine Umfangskraft. Sind zwei gleich große Rotoren nebeneinander auf einer Schwenkachse angeordnet und befindet sich diese Schwenkachse in Windrichtung gesehen vor der Rotorebene (Leeläufer), wirken die Schubkräfte an beiden Rotoren so, dass eine aktive Richtwirkung vorhanden ist. The generators are three-phase generators. With the braking of one of the generators a simple way of overload protection of the wind turbine is given. Due to the flow of the wind (wind speed), a thrust and a circumferential force are created on a rotor. If two identically sized rotors are arranged next to one another on a pivot axis and if this pivot axis is located in front of the rotor plane (lei rotor) in the wind direction, the thrust forces on both rotors act in such a way that an active directivity is present.
Die zwei gleich großen und nebeneinander angeordneten Rotoren können sich in einer Ausführungsform auch auf der Schwenkachse der Generatoren befinden. Eine aktive Richtwirkung ist dabei durch die Mantelflächen der Generatoren selbst gegeben, so dass auch dabei eine aktive Richtwirkung vorhanden ist. The two identically sized and juxtaposed rotors can also be located on the pivot axis of the generators in one embodiment. An active directivity is given by the lateral surfaces of the generators themselves, so that even an active directivity is present.
Die Rotoren sind aus den in einer Ebene angeordneten Rotorblättern gebildet, die damit die Rotorebene darstellen. The rotors are formed from the rotor blades arranged in a plane, which thus represent the rotor plane.
Durch eine derartige Anordnung befindet sich die Windkraftanlage immer in einem stabilen Gleichgewichtszustand bezüglich der jeweiligen Windrichtung. Dieses System strebt immer nach einem Gleichgewicht der Kräfte und damit zu einer „in-den-Wind-Stellung". Diese Überlastregelung funktioniert ohne weitere Stellglieder. Bei beiden Generatorausgängen wird die Spannung überwacht. Überschreitet die Generatorspannung der beiden Generatoren einen voreingestellten Wert, eben bei Sturm, wird einer der Generatoren gebremst. Das kann durch Beeinflussung seines Statorwiderstands erfolgen, so dass ein rein elektrisch gebremster Generator vorhanden ist. By such an arrangement, the wind turbine is always in a stable state of equilibrium with respect to the respective wind direction. This system always strives for a balance of forces and thus an "in-the-wind position." This overload control works without any additional actuators. Both voltage outputs are monitored at both generator outputs. If the generator voltage of the two generators exceeds a preset value, just in case of a storm, one of the generators is braked. This can be done by influencing its stator resistance, so that a purely electrically braked generator is present.
Der Generator wird in seiner Drehzahl gebremst, wodurch sich die Rotordrehzahl reduziert, weil der Rotor auf der Generatorachse drehfest angeordnet ist. Das Kräftegleichgewicht der Schubkräfte wird gestört und die Windkraftanlage schwenkt aus der Windrichtung. Die Windkraftanlage steht schräg zur Windrichtung. Das führt dazu, dass auch am zweiten Rotor und dem gekoppelten Generator die Drehzahl und damit die drehzahlproportionale Spannung sinkt. Wird am zweiten Generator die zweite Spannung als voreingestellte Spannungsschwelle unterschritten, wird die Bremse des ersten Generators aufgehoben und damit schwenkt die Windkraftanlage mit ihren Windkraftturbinen in Form einer Doppeldüse wieder in den Wind. Dieser Vorgang wiederholt sich, solange die Windgeschwindigkeit über der zulässigen liegt. Diese Lösung ermöglicht ein Betreiben der Windkraftanlage im Bereich einer voreingestellten maximal zulässigen Leistung auch bei höheren Windgeschwindigkeiten. Ein Abschalten der Windkraftanlage ist nicht erforderlich. The generator is braked in its speed, which reduces the rotor speed, because the rotor is rotatably mounted on the generator axis. The balance of forces of the thrust forces is disturbed and the wind turbine pivots out of the wind direction. The wind turbine stands diagonally to the wind direction. As a result, the speed and thus the speed-proportional voltage also decreases at the second rotor and the coupled generator. If the voltage falls below the second voltage as the preset voltage threshold at the second generator, the brake of the first generator is released and thus the wind turbine with its wind turbines in the form of a double nozzle pivots back into the wind. This process is repeated as long as the wind speed is above the permissible. This solution allows operation of the wind turbine in the range of a preset maximum allowable power even at higher wind speeds. A shutdown of the wind turbine is not required.
Die erste Spannung und die zweite Spannung sind Ausgangsspannungen der Generatoren selbst. Damit sind zur Überwachung keine Steuerleitungen zu den Generatoren notwendig. Vorteilhafterweise müssen von den Generatoren nur die Leiter weg geführt werden. The first voltage and the second voltage are output voltages of the generators themselves. Thus, no control lines to the generators are necessary for monitoring. Advantageously, only the conductors need to be routed away from the generators.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Patentansprüchen 2 bis 9 angegeben. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the claims 2 to 9.
Die Mantelgehäuse der Windkraftturbinen und/oder die Generatoren der Windkraftturbinen sind nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 2 miteinander verbunden. Die Verbindung ist drehbar gelagert und die Schwenkachse der Verbindung und die Rotorblätter sind beabstandet zueinander angeordnet. Damit ist ein sicherer Betrieb der Windkraftanlage in Windrichtung gegeben. The jacket of the wind turbines and / or the generators of wind turbines are connected to each other according to the embodiment of claim 2. The connection is rotatably mounted and the pivot axis of the connection and the rotor blades are spaced from each other. This ensures safe operation of the wind turbine in the wind direction.
Der Innendurchmesser des Mantelgehäuses ist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 3 im Bereich der Rotorblätter kleiner als der Innendurchmesser der Lufteintrittsöffnung und der Luftaustrittsöffnung. The inner diameter of the jacket housing is smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet opening and the air outlet opening according to the embodiment of claim 3 in the region of the rotor blades.
Die Windgeschwindigkeit der Luftmenge, die am Lufteintrittdurchmesser vorhanden ist, erhöht sich durch die Verengung im Bereich der Rotorebene, weil die gleiche Luftmenge nun durch den geringeren Querschnitt wie am Lufteintritt strömen muss. Diese Windgeschwindigkeitserhöhung führt zu einer größeren aerodynamischen Leistung der Windkraftanlage. Die Strömungen erhöhen sich bis zu den Rotorblättern. Danach weitet sich das Mantelgehäuse wieder, so dass kein der Strömung entgegenwirkender Staudruck entstehen kann. The wind speed of the air quantity, which is present at the air inlet diameter, increases by the narrowing in the area of the rotor plane, because the same amount of air now through the smaller cross-section as at the air inlet must flow. This wind speed increase leads to a greater aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine. The currents increase up to the rotor blades. Thereafter, the shell casing expands again, so that no dynamic pressure counteracting the flow can arise.
Die Generatoren sind nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 4 über Schleifringe wenigstens an die Steuereinrichtung gekoppelt. Dazu sind die Leiter der Generatoren über die Schleifringe geführt. Die Leiter stellen eine begrenzte Anzahl dar, so dass eine unkomplizierte Realisierung möglich ist. Die Anzahl kann auf maximal sechs Schleifringe bei Verwendung von zwei Drehstromgeneratoren begrenzt sein. The generators are coupled according to the embodiment of claim 4 via slip rings at least to the control device. For this purpose, the heads of the generators are guided over the slip rings. The conductors represent a limited number, so that an uncomplicated realization is possible. The number can be limited to a maximum of six slip rings when using two alternators.
Die Generatoren sind nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 5 über die Schleifringe weiterhin mit wenigstens einem einen Gleichrichter nachgeschalteten Wechselrichter/Laderegler und/oder mindestens einem elektrischen Verbraucher und/oder wenigstens einem elektrischen Speicher elektrisch leitend verbunden. The generators are further electrically connected according to the embodiment of claim 5 via the slip rings with at least one rectifier downstream inverter / charge controller and / or at least one electrical load and / or at least one electrical storage.
Damit kann die Windkraftanlage ein Bestandteil einer autark arbeitenden Einrichtung sein, wobei elektrische Verbraucher die weiteren Bestandteile der Einrichtung sind. Letztere können elektrische Geräte, Speicher und Heizelemente sein. Die Heizelemente können neben der Heizung von Räumen auch der Heizung von Energiespeichern als Wärmespeicher in Form von Festkörper- und/oder Flüssigkeitsspeichern dienen. Damit können sogenannte Insellösungen realisiert werden. Thus, the wind turbine can be part of a self-sufficient device, electrical consumers are the other components of the device. The latter can be electrical appliances, storage and heating elements. The heating elements can be used in addition to the heating of rooms and the heating of energy storage as a heat storage in the form of solid state and / or liquid storage. So that so-called island solutions can be realized.
In Verbindung mit einem netzgeführten Wechselrichter kann auch eine Einspeisung von elektrischer Energie in ein Energienetz erfolgen. In conjunction with a grid-connected inverter can also be a feed of electrical energy into a power grid.
Der gebremste Generator ist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 6 eine elektrische Generatorbremse und damit eine elektromotorische Bremse. Damit kann einer der Generatoren selbst als Bremse dienen. The braked generator is according to the embodiment of claim 6, an electric generator brake and thus an electric motor brake. Thus, one of the generators can serve as a brake itself.
In Fortführung ist der gebremste Generator nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 7 ein kurzgeschlossener Generator. Damit werden vorteilhafterweise keine zusätzlichen Baugruppen benötigt. Die drehbare und eine Überlastsicherung aufweisende Windkraftanlage ist elektrisch auf die Generatoren und die Steuereinrichtung beschränkt, wobei die Steuereinrichtung von der Windkraftanlage beabstandet fest platzierbar ist. Die elektromotorische Bremse ist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 8 eine mit der Steuereinrichtung zusammengeschaltete Widerstandsbremse. Der Widerstand kann auch ein Verbraucher sein, der bei Überlast zuschaltbar ist. In continuation of the braked generator according to the embodiment of claim 7 is a short-circuited generator. This advantageously no additional modules are needed. The rotatable and an overload protection having wind turbine is electrically limited to the generators and the control device, wherein the control device of the wind turbine spaced fixed placement. The electromotive brake is according to the embodiment of claim 8 interconnected with the control device resistance brake. The resistor can also be a consumer, which is switchable in case of overload.
An die Achse wenigstens eines Generators ist nach der Weiterbildung des Patentanspruchs 9 eine elektrisch betätigbare mechanische Bremse gekoppelt, deren Betätigungseinheit mit der Steuereinrichtung verbunden ist. To the axis of at least one generator is an electrically actuated mechanical brake coupled according to the embodiment of claim 9, the actuator unit is connected to the control device.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen jeweils prinzipiell dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in principle in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Windkraftanlage in einer Vorderansicht und Fig. 1 is a wind turbine in a front view and
Fig. 2 eine Windkraftanlage in einer Seitenansicht. Fig. 2 is a wind turbine in a side view.
Eine Windkraftanlage besteht im Wesentlichen aus zwei gleich große Rotoren 2 aufweisenden sowie nebeneinander und zusammen um eine Schwenkachse 4 drehbar gelagerten Windkraftturbinen 1 mit jeweils einem Rotorblätter 2 aufweisenden Rotor 1 gekoppelt an einen Generator und einem wenigstens die Rotorblätter 3 umgebenden Mantelgehäuse 6. A wind power plant consists essentially of two equal sized rotors 2 and side by side and together about a pivot axis 4 rotatably mounted wind turbines 1, each having a rotor blades 2 having rotor 1 coupled to a generator and at least the rotor blades 3 surrounding shell 6.
Dazu zeigen Show this
die Fig. 1 eine Windkraftanlage in einer prinzipiellen Vorderansicht und Fig. 1 is a wind turbine in a basic front view and
die Fig. 2 eine Windkraftanlage in einer prinzipiellen Seitenansicht. Fig. 2 is a wind turbine in a schematic side view.
Die Generatoren der Windkraftturbinen 1 sind mit einer Steuereinrichtung so verbunden, dassThe generators of the wind turbines 1 are connected to a control device such that
- bei Überschreiten einer ersten bestimmten Spannung an den Generatoren einer dieser Generatoren gebremst wird und - Is braked when a first certain voltage to the generators of one of these generators is exceeded, and
- bei Unterschreiten einer zweiten bestimmten Spannung des anderen nicht gebremsten Generators der gebremste Generator nicht weiter gebremst wird, wobei die erste - is not further braked when falling below a second certain voltage of the other non-braked generator, the braked generator, wherein the first
Spannung größer als die zweite Spannung ist. Voltage is greater than the second voltage.
Die Generatoren der Windkraftturbinen 1 sind über einen U-förmigen Bügel 5 miteinander verbunden. Dieser ist weiterhin beabstandet mit der Schwenkachse 4 so verbunden, dass die Schwenkachse 4 beabstandet zu den Rotorblättern 3 angeordnet ist. Die Schwenkachse 4 weist weiterhin Schleifringe zur elektrischen Verbindung der Generatoren mit der Steuereinrichtung und/oder den elektrischen Verbrauchern auf. Bei Drehstromgeneratoren sind das sechs Schleifringe. Die Steuereinrichtung ist ein Datenverarbeitungssystem. The generators of the wind turbines 1 are connected to each other via a U-shaped bracket 5. This is further spaced connected to the pivot axis 4 so that the pivot axis 4 is arranged at a distance from the rotor blades 3. The pivot axis 4 further comprises slip rings for the electrical connection of the generators with the control device and / or the electrical consumers. For three-phase generators, these are six slip rings. The control device is a data processing system.
Der gebremste Generator ist als eine elektrische Generatorbremse und damit eine elektromotorische Bremse ausgeführt. Im einfachsten Fall kann das ein ein kurzgeschlossener Generator sein. The braked generator is designed as an electric generator brake and thus an electric motor brake. In the simplest case, this can be a shorted generator.
Die Generatoren sind weiterhin über die Schleifringe mit wenigstens einem einen Gleichrichter nachgeschalteten Wechselrichter/Laderegler und/oder mindestens einem elektrischen Verbraucher und/oder wenigstens einem elektrischen Speicher elektrisch leitend verbunden sind. The generators are further electrically conductively connected via the slip rings with at least one inverter / charge controller connected downstream of a rectifier and / or at least one electrical load and / or at least one electrical store.
Der Innendurchmesser des Mantelgehäuses 6 kann im Bereich der Rotorblätter kleiner als die Innendurchmesser der Lufteintrittsöffnung und der Luftaustrittsöffnung sein. The inner diameter of the jacket housing 6 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the air inlet opening and the air outlet opening in the region of the rotor blades.
Innendurchmesser der Lufteintrittsöffnung und der Luftaustrittsöffnung sein. Be inside diameter of the air inlet opening and the air outlet opening.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015216931.6A DE102015216931B4 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2015-09-03 | Method for operating a wind turbine |
| DE102015216931.6 | 2015-09-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017037053A1 true WO2017037053A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
Family
ID=56842829
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2016/070399 Ceased WO2017037053A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 | 2016-08-30 | Wind power installation |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102015216931B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017037053A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113323810A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-31 | 山东辛丁技术有限公司 | Lifting three-wing small wind power generation equipment based on three sets of generators |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE899386A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1984-07-31 | Vloet Antoine Van De | Wind machine for driving electric generator - uses conical shaped structure and diffuser with cylindrical section containing wind driven propeller |
| JP2003028043A (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2003-01-29 | Fujin Corporation:Kk | Wind power generator |
| US20090008939A1 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-08 | Kkr Ip Limited Liability Company | Modular wind turbine, multi-turbine wind turbine, wind turbine computer system, and method of use thereof |
| WO2011131792A2 (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-10-27 | Ewf Energy Group Limited | Wind turbine direction control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4540333A (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1985-09-10 | Weisbrich Alfred L | TARP Rotor system thrust, yaw and load control |
| DE10145785C2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2003-07-10 | Kbe Windpower Gmbh | Speed control of a jacketed wind turbine |
| NO331127B1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-10-17 | Sway As | Method of turning a wind turbine in relation to the wind direction |
| GB2478695A (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-09-21 | David Gordon | Combined wind turbine and street light including a power regulator allowing electrical connection on the mains power supply side of an electricity meter. |
| WO2013028172A1 (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2013-02-28 | Optiwind Corporation | Structure and accelerator platform placement for a wind turbine tower |
-
2015
- 2015-09-03 DE DE102015216931.6A patent/DE102015216931B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-08-30 WO PCT/EP2016/070399 patent/WO2017037053A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE899386A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1984-07-31 | Vloet Antoine Van De | Wind machine for driving electric generator - uses conical shaped structure and diffuser with cylindrical section containing wind driven propeller |
| JP2003028043A (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2003-01-29 | Fujin Corporation:Kk | Wind power generator |
| US20090008939A1 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-08 | Kkr Ip Limited Liability Company | Modular wind turbine, multi-turbine wind turbine, wind turbine computer system, and method of use thereof |
| WO2011131792A2 (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-10-27 | Ewf Energy Group Limited | Wind turbine direction control |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113323810A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-31 | 山东辛丁技术有限公司 | Lifting three-wing small wind power generation equipment based on three sets of generators |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102015216931A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
| DE102015216931B4 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
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