WO2017082284A1 - 磁性流体シール - Google Patents
磁性流体シール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017082284A1 WO2017082284A1 PCT/JP2016/083197 JP2016083197W WO2017082284A1 WO 2017082284 A1 WO2017082284 A1 WO 2017082284A1 JP 2016083197 W JP2016083197 W JP 2016083197W WO 2017082284 A1 WO2017082284 A1 WO 2017082284A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- outer cylinder
- heat
- cylinder member
- magnetic
- magnetic fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/762—Sealings of ball or roller bearings by means of a fluid
- F16C33/763—Sealings of ball or roller bearings by means of a fluid retained in the sealing gap
- F16C33/765—Sealings of ball or roller bearings by means of a fluid retained in the sealing gap by a magnetic field
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
- F16J15/43—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid kept in sealing position by magnetic force
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/007—Cooling of bearings of rolling bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/162—Special parts or details relating to lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
- F16C19/08—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with two or more rows of balls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/40—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions
- F16C2300/62—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to environment, i.e. operating conditions low pressure, e.g. elements operating under vacuum conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/74—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/741—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings by means of a fluid
- F16C33/743—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings by means of a fluid retained in the sealing gap
- F16C33/746—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings by means of a fluid retained in the sealing gap by a magnetic field
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/08—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers for spindles
- F16C35/12—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers for spindles with ball or roller bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C37/00—Cooling of bearings
- F16C37/005—Cooling of bearings of magnetic bearings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic fluid seal used in a high temperature environment, for example.
- magnetic fluid seals are known as long-life and clean high-performance seals.
- This magnetic fluid seal is widely used in semiconductor and liquid crystal manufacturing processes that require a clean atmosphere with reduced maintenance, and in various coating and etching processes.
- the magnetic fluid seal is formed by a magnetic seal formed between a magnetic pole member held inside an outer cylindrical member fixed to a housing of the fluid machine and a rotating shaft, and the housing and the rotating shaft of the fluid machine. It seals the gap between them.
- the magnetic pole members located on the left and right of the cooling flow path are cooled.
- the heat transferred from the high-temperature gas to the outer cylinder member by the cooling of the magnetic pole member is deprived before being transmitted to the seal film via the magnetic pole member, so that the temperature rise of the seal film can be suppressed, and the base liquid of the magnetic fluid can be suppressed. Evaporation can be suppressed and the life of the sealing film can be extended.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic fluid seal having a long life with a sealing film having a structure in which the sealing film formed in the axial direction can easily determine the temperature environment.
- the magnetic fluid seal of the present invention is An outer cylinder member that houses a rotating shaft extending from a housing of the fluid machine and has an attachment portion attached to the housing; A magnetic pole member disposed around the rotating shaft housed in the outer cylinder member and forming a magnetic circuit; A sealing film magnetically connected on the magnetic circuit, disposed between the magnetic pole member and the rotating shaft, and made of a magnetic fluid and formed in the axial direction; A magnetic fluid seal having The outer cylinder member has a heat shielding means for shielding heat transmitted in the axial direction, and a cooling means for cooling the outer cylinder member, The outer cylinder member is characterized in that the mounting portion, the heat shielding means, the sealing film, and the cooling means are arranged in this order in the axial direction.
- heat transmitted from the housing of the fluid machine to the magnetic pole member and the seal film can be suppressed by the heat shielding means, and the seal film can be disposed in a region having a small thermal influence.
- the temperature environment of the formed sealing film can be easily determined, and the life of the sealing film can be extended.
- a bearing member that holds the rotating shaft and the outer cylinder member in a relatively rotatable manner is disposed on the rotating shaft, and the mounting portion, the heat shielding means, the seal film, the cooling means, and the bearing member It is characterized by being arranged in order. According to this feature, the cooling action of the cooling means can be exerted on the bearing member, and problems due to the influence of heat of the entire magnetic fluid seal can be suppressed. Specifically, it is possible to reduce the possibility of deformation due to weight or rotational force by applying heat to the bearing, and it is possible to provide a structure that can be used for a fluid device that requires rotational accuracy.
- the heat shield means is a heat transfer suppression means. According to this feature, it is possible to suppress the thermal influence by the heat transfer suppression means and to configure the heat shield means with a simple configuration.
- the heat shield means is a radiating fin provided on an outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member. According to this feature, by providing the radiating fins, heat exchange with the atmosphere is performed with a large surface area, so that a cooling effect is achieved, and when the outer cylinder member is overcooled by the cooling means or by heat from the housing Even in the case of overheating, the outer cylinder member is held at a substantially constant temperature by the heat radiation fin, and the temperature environment of the seal film can be kept substantially constant.
- the heat shield means is configured as a different member having a lower thermal conductivity than the outer cylinder member. According to this feature, the heat shielding effect can be exhibited more remarkably by using another member having low thermal conductivity such as a heat insulating material as the heat shielding means.
- FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a magnetic fluid seal according to the present invention in Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a magnetic fluid seal according to the present invention in Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of a magnetic fluid seal according to the present invention in Example 3.
- the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 is defined as the axial direction of the magnetic fluid seal
- the vertical direction is defined as the radial direction of the magnetic fluid seal
- the left side in the axial direction is the inside of the axial machine
- the right side in the axial direction is the atmospheric air in the axial direction. Define as side.
- a magnetic fluid seal 1 includes magnetic pole members 6A and 6B attached to a rotating shaft 2 of a fluid machine as members for exhibiting main functions, and magnetic pole members 6A and 6B.
- Magnetic fluid generating means 7 for forming magnetic poles on the magnetic pole members 6A and 6B and a magnetic fluid for forming the sealing films M and M along the magnetic circuit formed between the magnetic pole members 6A and 6B and the rotating shaft 2
- a seal portion 13 is configured by 10A and 10B.
- the sealing films M and M formed along the rotating shaft 2 are attached to the housing (not shown) of the fluid device, and are disposed between the outer cylinder member 3 of the magnetic fluid seal 1 and the rotating shaft 2.
- the structure can seal the gas (including vacuum) sealed in the fluid device.
- the magnetic pole member 6A is abutted against the abutting surface 3ds which is in contact with the axial end surface of the outer cylinder portion 3b of the outer cylinder member 3 (details will be described later), and the magnetic pole members 6A and 6B.
- the O-ring 11B is inserted into the outer periphery of the outer cylindrical portion 3b, and the spacer 8 is inserted into contact with the magnetic pole member 6B positioned on the atmosphere side of the seal portion 13 in the axial direction.
- a set of bearings 5 is fitted on the atmosphere side in the axial direction of the spacer 8.
- the inner ring of the bearing 5 is also in axial contact with a bearing flange 2a that is a diameter-enlarged portion of the rotary shaft 2, and is interposed together with the outer ring member and the rolling element in the radial direction of the outer cylinder member 3 and the rotary shaft 2. 2 hold
- a lock nut 14 is fixed to the end of the rotary shaft 2 by screwing to the axial atmosphere side of the bearing 5 so that the seal portion 13 is placed in the outer cylinder while pressing the inner ring of the bearing 5 toward the inner side of the axial machine.
- the member 3 is fixed inside the outer cylindrical portion 3b.
- an end cap 4 is fitted on the axially atmospheric side of the outer ring of the bearing 5 and is fixed to the outer cylinder portion 3b by a hexagon bolt 12B.
- An encoder member 15 for detecting the rotation state of the rotating shaft 2 is fixed to the end surface of the rotating shaft 2 by a hexagon bolt 12C, and the position of the rotation is detected by an electric device 20 (photo sensor or the like) provided on the end cap 4. And position detection such as the center of rotation.
- the electric device 20 is generally composed of heat-sensitive components.
- the outer cylinder member 3 is made of metal, a flange part 3a as an attachment part attached to the housing of the fluid device, an outer cylinder part 3b in which the seal part 13, the spacer 8 and the bearing 5 are provided, and a flange It is comprised by the small diameter part 3c of a small diameter in the radial direction formed between the part 3a and the outer cylinder part 3b.
- the flange portion 3a has a disk shape with a large diameter in the radial direction, and an O-ring 11C is provided on the side of the mounting surface 3as fixed to the housing of the fluid device, and a plurality of mounting holes 3e are provided in the circumferential direction.
- a cooling groove 3d having a concave cross section is provided on the outer periphery of the outer cylindrical portion 3b along the circumferential direction at a substantially central position in the axial direction of the magnetic pole member 6B and the bearing 5, and the O-ring 11A is interposed in the cooling groove 3d.
- the outer cylinder cover 9 holds the liquid tightly.
- a fixed member 9 a having an inflow port 9 b is provided at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder cover 9.
- the outer cylinder cover 9 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the outer cylinder portion 3b.
- the cooling liquid is allowed to flow from the inlet 9b of the fixing member 9a into the cooling groove 3d so that a cooling action described later can be exhibited.
- a fluid machine is used with a high-temperature gas sealed inside, and such a high-temperature gas is changed from a gas to a solid when a temperature inside the machine becomes a certain temperature or less, and a by-product is generated. Due to the generation of this by-product, by-products adhere to the periphery of the seal films M and M, and may enter the seal films M and M, and the sealing performance of the seal films M and M deteriorates.
- Tg The constant temperature Tg varies depending on the type of gas sealed by the fluid machine, but is set to Tg> 150 ° C. in this description.
- the flange portion 3a provided inside the axial machine of the magnetic fluid seal 1 is fixed in contact with the housing of the fluid machine. Moreover, the rotating shaft 2 is continuously extended from the inside of the fluid machine. Further, a sealing fluid is filled between the inside of the fluid machine and the sealing films M and M of the magnetic fluid seal 1. The heat inside the fluid machine is transferred to the magnetic fluid seal 1, and this heat may adversely affect the magnetic fluid seal 1.
- the magnetic fluids 10A and 10B that form the sealing films M and M in the magnetic fluid seal 1 include three ferromagnetic liquid particles, a surfactant covering the surface, and a base liquid made of water or oil. It is the solution comprised by this.
- magnetic fluid 10A, 10B evaporates water and oil which are base liquids in a high temperature environment, loses fluidity without maintaining the state as a liquid, and with the outer peripheral surface of rotating shaft 2
- the sealing films M and M are divided by friction, and the sealing properties of the sealing films M and M of the magnetic fluid 10 cannot be maintained. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to always keep the magnetic fluid 10 lower than the heat resistant temperature Ts.
- the heat-resistant temperature Ts varies depending on the type of magnetic fluid, but in this description, Ts ⁇ 150 ° C. is set.
- the bearing 5 that holds the rotating shaft 2 and the outer cylindrical portion 3b in the radial direction may be adversely affected by the deterioration of durability due to heat, or may be adversely affected by deformation due to heat and lack of rotational accuracy.
- Tb The heat-resistant temperature Tb varies depending on the material of the component used for the bearing, but is set as Tb ⁇ 100 ° C. in this description.
- accuracy of rotation detection the same applies to electrical equipment parts that detect the position of the rotational position, the center of rotation, etc. If the heat is higher than the heat resistance temperature of the electrical equipment 20, the accuracy of rotation detection is lacking, and as a fluid equipment There is a risk that it cannot be used.
- heat transfer action from the fluid machine to the magnetic fluid seal 1 will be described in detail.
- heat is transferred from the flange portion 3a to the outer cylinder portion 3b as the first route.
- gas heat conduction via a sealed fluid in which heat is transferred from the gap between the rotating shaft 2 and the outer cylinder member 3 to the magnetic fluid 10 via the high temperature gas V.
- a small diameter portion is provided between the flange portion 3a of the outer cylinder member 3 and the seal housing portion 3bs of the outer cylinder portion 3b in which the seal portion 13 is provided.
- 3c is provided.
- the fluid machine and flange part which are located in an axial direction machine inside rather than the small diameter part 3c In contrast to 3a, the region can be made less thermally affected. That is, the small-diameter portion 3c functions as a heat shield means of the present invention and further as a heat transfer suppressing means.
- the influence of heat from the fluid machine can be reduced in the magnetic pole members 6A and 6B constituting the seal portion 13, and the temperature states of the left and right magnetic pole members 6A and 6B can be made close.
- the respective sealing films M and M can maintain a predetermined sealing property, and can be used for a long time. Even in use, the sealing performance of the magnetic fluid seal 1 can be ensured.
- heat directly acts on the sealing films M and M, and therefore the heat transfer cannot be completely blocked by providing the small diameter portion 3c. However, a significant effect can be obtained by suppressing the heat transfer of the route having a great influence.
- the magnetic fluid seal 1 of the present invention is an outer cylinder portion 3b of the outer cylinder member 3, and a cooling groove 3d as a cooling means is provided between the magnetic pole member 6B and the bearing 5 in the axial direction.
- the small diameter portion 3c which is a heat shielding means, is located inside the seal portion 13 in the axial direction machine and the cooling groove 3d is located on the axial atmosphere side, the shafts of the left and right magnetic fluids 10A, 10B by cooling are Since a large temperature gradient in the direction can be suppressed, problems such as thermal deformation due to local temperature state differences can be suppressed.
- the bearing 5 whose heat-resistant temperature Tb is lower than the heat-resistant temperature Ts of the magnetic fluid 10 is located on the air side in the axial direction of the cooling groove 3d, the temperature of the bearing 5 is easily prevented from rising.
- the small diameter portion 3c is formed as a concave groove in addition to the above-described effect as the heat shielding means, the surface area is increased, and thereby the heat transmitted from the flange portion 3a is externally transmitted. It is easy to dissipate heat. That is, the small-diameter portion 3c has a heat shielding action that suppresses heat transfer and a cooling action that dissipates heat from the surface.
- the temperature of the high-temperature gas which is the sealing fluid filled in the axial direction inside of the magnetic fluid 10A, drops below 150 ° C. due to the cooling effect of the cooling means. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the formation of by-products.
- the magnetic fluid seal 1 ′ according to the second embodiment includes a small diameter portion 3c 1 , 3c 2 , 3c 3 , 3c 4 between the flange portion 3a and the outer cylinder portion 3b, and an outer diameter therebetween.
- Circular plates 3f 1 , 3f 2 , 3f 3 extending in the direction are provided as so-called fins.
- the flange portion 3a and the outer cylinder portion 3b are provided.
- the surface area between them can be widened, and the heat dissipation effect can be more remarkably exhibited. That is, the small diameter portions 3c 1 , 3c 2 , 3c 3 , 3c 4 act as the heat shield means of the present invention, and the circular plates 3f 1 , 3f 2 , 3f 3 act as heat radiating fins as the heat shield means. become.
- the heat dissipating fins By providing the heat dissipating fins in this way, not only the heat from the high-temperature gas is dissipated, but if the cooling action of the cooling groove 3d is excessive, the heat exchange with the atmosphere by the heat dissipating fins causes the housing to It can be prevented from being overcooled, and a decrease in the temperature of the hot gas in the machine can be prevented.
- the outer cylinder member 23 is configured by separate members such as a flange member 23 ⁇ / b> A and an outer cylinder member 23 ⁇ / b> B.
- the flange member 23A and the outer cylinder member 23B have a hexagon bolt 12D inserted from the mounting surface 3as of the flange member 23A with a small diameter member 16 smaller in diameter than the outer cylinder member 23B interposed therebetween in the radial direction. It is fixed by.
- the small-diameter member 16 is a ring-shaped member having a smaller diameter in the radial direction than the outer cylinder member 23B, and as a material, for example, a molded article of a resin excellent in heat resistance and mechanical strength such as a polyether ether ketone material. Can be adopted.
- a member having a heat transfer coefficient lower than that of the metal between the flange member 23A and the outer cylinder member 23B heat transfer can be remarkably suppressed. That is, the small-diameter member 16 acts as the heat shield means of the present invention.
- the material of the small-diameter member 16 may be a resin material other than those described above, and may be a metal or other material as long as the heat transfer coefficient is lower than that of the outer cylindrical member 23. It may have the same diameter as the cylindrical member 23B or a larger diameter than the outer cylindrical member 23B.
- the small-diameter portion 3c as the heat shield means has been described by taking a concave groove as an example, but the shape thereof is not limited and may be a U-shaped groove or a V-shaped groove. A plurality of them may be further provided in the axial direction.
- the cooling groove 3d as the cooling means has been described for the liquid flowing in.
- the cooling groove 3d may be an air-cooling configuration in which the gas flows into the cooling groove 3d.
- the shape is not limited to the circumferential groove, and the shape of the cooling groove 3d can be arbitrarily selected.
- the seal portion 13 is formed by the two magnetic pole members 6A and 6B.
- the seal portion 13 may be formed by one magnetic pole member or three or more magnetic pole members.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
- Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
- Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
磁性流体シールは、流体機械のハウジングに固定される外筒部材の内部に保持された磁極部材と、回転軸との間に形成される磁性流体から成るシール膜により、流体機械のハウジングと回転軸間の隙間をシールするものである。
この冷却流路に冷却水を流入させることで、冷却流路の左右に位置する磁極部材が冷却される。この磁極部材の冷却により高温ガスから外筒部材に伝わった熱は、磁極部材を介してシール膜に伝わる前に奪われるため、シール膜の温度上昇を抑えることができ、磁性流体のベース液の蒸発を抑えシール膜の長寿命化を図ることができる。
これにより、表面積の大きな放熱板により、外筒部材の内部に配置された磁極部材やシール膜の熱を、外筒部材を介して放熱することでシール膜の温度上昇を抑えることができる。
流体機械のハウジングから延びる回転軸を内部に収容し、前記ハウジングに取付けられる取付け部を有する外筒部材と、
前記外筒部材に収容される前記回転軸の周りに配置され、磁気回路を形成する磁極部材と、
前記磁気回路上に磁気的に接続され、前記磁極部材と前記回転軸の間に配置され、磁性流体から成り軸方向に形成されるシール膜と、
を有する磁性流体シールであって、
前記外筒部材は、その軸方向に伝わる熱を遮熱する遮熱手段と、該外筒部材を冷却する冷却手段とを有し、
前記外筒部材には、その軸方向に、前記取付け部、前記遮熱手段、前記シール膜、前記冷却手段がこれらの順に配設されていることを特徴としている。
この特徴によれば、遮熱手段により流体機械のハウジングから磁極部材、シール膜に伝達される熱を抑えられ、シール膜を熱的に影響の少ない領域に配置することができるため、軸方向に形成されるシール膜の温度環境を簡易に決め得ることができ、このシール膜の寿命を長くできる。
この特徴によれば、冷却手段の冷却作用を軸受部材にも及ぼすことができ、磁性流体シール全体の熱の影響による不具合を抑えることができる。具体的には、軸受に熱が加わることで重量や回転による力により変形が起こる可能性を減らすことができ、回転精度を求められる流体機器に用いることが出来る構造とすることができる。
この特徴によれば、伝熱抑制手段により熱的な影響を抑え、簡易な構成で遮熱手段を構成することができる。
この特徴によれば、放熱フィンを設けることで、広い表面積により大気との熱交換が行われるため、冷却効果を奏するとともに、外筒部材が冷却手段による過冷却となる場合やハウジングからの熱により過加熱となる場合にも、放熱フィンにより外筒部材は略一定の温度に保持され、シール膜の温度環境を略一定に保つことができる。
この特徴によれば、断熱材のような熱伝導性の低い別部材を遮熱手段とすることで、遮熱効果をより顕著に発揮させることができる。
図1に示されるように、本発明に係る磁性流体シール1は、主な機能を発揮するための部材として、流体機械の回転軸2に取付けられる磁極部材6A,6B、この磁極部材6A,6B間に設けられ、磁極部材6A,6Bに磁極を形成させる磁力発生手段7、及び磁極部材6A,6Bと回転軸2間に形成される磁気回路に沿ってシール膜M,Mを形成する磁性流体10A,10Bによりシール部13が構成されている。このように、回転軸2に沿って形成されるシール膜M,Mにより、流体機器のハウジング(図示せず)に取付けられ、磁性流体シール1の外筒部材3と回転軸2との間の隙間をシールすることで、流体機器内に密封されたガス等(真空を含む)を密封できる構造となっている。
また、固定部材9aの流入口9bから冷却溝3dに冷却液を流入させることで、後述の冷却作用を発揮できる構造となっている。
流体機械は内部に高温ガスを密封して使用されていることがあり、このような高温ガスは、機内の温度が一定の温度以下になると気体から固体となり、副生成物が生成される。この副生成物の生成により、シール膜M,Mの周辺に副生成物が付着することで、シール膜M,Mに入り込むことがあり、シール膜M,Mのシール性が悪くなるとともに、流体機械が製造設備である場合は、製造設備により製造された製造物の品質の劣化につながるため、一定の温度Tgより高く保つ必要がある。この一定の温度Tgは、流体機械が密封するガスの種類により異なるが、本説明ではTg>150℃と設定する。
そして、磁性流体10A,10Bは、高温環境下ではベース液である水や油が蒸発し、液体としての状態を保てずに流動性を失ってしまうことにより、回転軸2の外周面との摩擦によりシール膜M,Mが分断され、磁性流体10のシール膜M,Mのシール性を維持できない状態となる。これを防ぐためには、磁性流体10を常に耐熱温度Tsより低く保つ必要がある。この耐熱温度Tsは、磁性流体の種類によっても異なるが、本説明ではTs<150℃と設定する。
ここで、比較的影響の大きな熱伝達のルートとして、一つ目のルートである外筒部材3を経由する固体熱伝導が挙げられる。その理由としては、外筒部材3のフランジ部3aが拡径された形状であり、伝熱面積が回転軸2よりも大きく、固体の方が気体よりも熱伝導率が高いからである。
その結果、小径部3cよりも軸方向大気側の外筒部3bに伝導する熱量を少なくすることができる。このため、小径部3cよりも軸方向大気側に位置するシール部13が流体機械から受ける熱の影響を抑えることができるため、小径部3cよりも軸方向機内側に位置する流体機械及びフランジ部3aに対して、熱的に影響の少ない領域にすることができる。すなわち、小径部3cが本発明の遮熱手段として、更に伝熱抑制手段として作用する。
なお、二つ目及び三つ目の熱伝達のルートにおいては、シール膜M,Mに直接的に熱が作用するため、小径部3cを設けることで完全に熱の伝達を遮熱できるわけではないが、影響の大きなルートの熱伝達を抑えることで、顕著な効果を得ることができる。
また、シール部13の軸方向機内側に遮熱手段である小径部3cが位置し、軸方向大気側に冷却溝3dが位置していることにより、冷却による左右の磁性流体10A,10Bの軸方向の大きな温度勾配をおさえることができるため、局所的な温度状態の差異による熱変形等の不具合を抑えることができる。
図2に示されるように、実施例2に係る磁性流体シール1’は、フランジ部3aと外筒部3bの間に小径部3c1,3c2,3c3,3c4と、その間に外径方向に延びる円平板3f1,3f2,3f3がいわゆるフィンとして設けられている。このように複数の小径部3c1,3c2,3c3,3c4と複数の円平板3f1,3f2,3f3であるフィンが設けられていることにより、フランジ部3aと外筒部3bとの間の表面積を広くすることができ、より顕著に放熱効果を奏することができる。すわなち、小径部3c1,3c2,3c3,3c4が本発明の遮熱手段として作用し、円平板3f1,3f2,3f3は遮熱手段としての放熱フィンとして作用することになる。このように放熱フィンを設けることで、高温ガスからの熱を放熱するだけでなく、仮に冷却溝3dの冷却作用が過剰に働いた場合には、放熱フィンによる大気との熱交換により、ハウジングが冷却され過ぎないようにすることができ、機内の高温ガスの温度の低下を防ぐことができる。
図3に示されるように、実施例3に係る磁性流体シール1’’は、外筒部材23が別部材のフランジ部材23A及び外筒部材23Bという別部材により構成されている。これらのフランジ部材23A及び外筒部材23Bは、その間に径方向に外筒部材23Bよりも小径の小径部材16が介挿された状態で、フランジ部材23Aの取付け面3asから挿入された六角ボルト12Dにより固定されている。
なお、小径部材16の材質としては、上述以外の樹脂材料でもよく熱伝達率が外筒部材23よりも低ければ金属やその他の材質であってもよいし、小径部材16の形状については、外筒部材23Bと同径又は外筒部材23Bよりも大径であってもよい。
2 回転軸
3 外筒部材
3a フランジ部(取付け部)
3b 外筒部
3c 小径部(遮熱手段)(伝熱抑制手段)
3d 冷却溝(冷却手段)
3f 円平板(遮熱手段)(放熱フィン)
5 ベアリング(軸受部材)
6 磁極部材
7 磁力発生手段
10 磁性流体
16 小径部材(遮熱手段)
23 外筒部
23A フランジ部材
23b 外筒部材
M シール膜
Claims (5)
- 流体機械のハウジングから延びる回転軸を内部に収容し、前記ハウジングに取付けられる取付け部を有する外筒部材と、
前記外筒部材に収容される前記回転軸の周りに配置され、磁気回路を形成する磁極部材と、
前記磁気回路上に磁気的に接続され、前記磁極部材と前記回転軸の間に配置され、磁性流体から成り軸方向に形成されるシール膜と、
を有する磁性流体シールであって、
前記外筒部材は、その軸方向に伝わる熱を遮熱する遮熱手段と、該外筒部材を冷却する冷却手段とを有し、
前記外筒部材には、その軸方向に、前記取付け部、前記遮熱手段、前記シール膜、前記冷却手段がこれらの順に配設されていることを特徴とする磁性流体シール。 - 前記回転軸には、前記回転軸と前記外筒部材を相対回転可能に保持する軸受部材が配置されており、前記取付け部、前記遮熱手段、前記シール膜、前記冷却手段、前記軸受部材の順に配設されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁性流体シール。
- 前記遮熱手段は、伝熱抑制手段であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の磁性流体シール。
- 前記遮熱手段は、前記外筒部材の外周面に設けられている放熱フィンであることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の磁性流体シール。
- 前記遮熱手段は、前記外筒部材よりも熱伝導率の低い異なる別部材として構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の磁性流体シール。
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| CN201680065518.0A CN108351031A (zh) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | 磁性流体密封件 |
| US15/769,056 US10378587B2 (en) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | Magnetic fluid seal |
| KR1020187012817A KR102148863B1 (ko) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | 자성 유체 시일 |
| JP2017550350A JP6791872B2 (ja) | 2015-11-11 | 2016-11-09 | 磁性流体シール |
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| CN110185803A (zh) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-30 | 浙江工商大学 | 带隔热轴的磁流体密封轴 |
| CN114370508A (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-19 | 清华大学 | 带有冷却系统的磁性液体密封装置 |
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| JP6781625B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2020-11-04 | 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 | 回転機械 |
| WO2019136923A1 (zh) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | 江苏大学 | 一种磁流体密封管道连接补偿装置 |
| CN109441955B (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2024-03-19 | 南京磁谷科技有限公司 | 一种用于径向磁轴承及推力磁轴承散热的磁轴承座结构 |
| CN110094509B (zh) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-07-27 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | 带隔热装置的磁流体密封轴 |
| CN111853244A (zh) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 北京精雕科技集团有限公司 | 一种具有磁流体密封的编码器 |
| CN112178200B (zh) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-09-24 | 清华大学 | 磁性液体密封装置 |
| US12076859B2 (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2024-09-03 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Infinite rotation of vacuum robot linkage through timing belt with isolated environment |
| CN112178203B (zh) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-05-14 | 清华大学 | 磁性液体密封装置 |
| CN112923062B (zh) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-10-26 | 清华大学 | 用于密封液体介质的磁性液体密封装置 |
| CN115929789A (zh) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-04-07 | 王超颖 | 一种磁性流体自密封轴承 |
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| US20180306246A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
| JPWO2017082284A1 (ja) | 2018-08-23 |
| US10378587B2 (en) | 2019-08-13 |
| CN108351031A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
| TW201716710A (zh) | 2017-05-16 |
| KR20180063275A (ko) | 2018-06-11 |
| JP6791872B2 (ja) | 2020-11-25 |
| KR102148863B1 (ko) | 2020-08-27 |
| TWI635228B (zh) | 2018-09-11 |
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