WO2017072866A1 - 空気調和装置及び空気調和装置の室外機 - Google Patents
空気調和装置及び空気調和装置の室外機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017072866A1 WO2017072866A1 PCT/JP2015/080301 JP2015080301W WO2017072866A1 WO 2017072866 A1 WO2017072866 A1 WO 2017072866A1 JP 2015080301 W JP2015080301 W JP 2015080301W WO 2017072866 A1 WO2017072866 A1 WO 2017072866A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- refrigerant
- source side
- heat source
- side heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/46—Component arrangements in separate outdoor units
- F24F1/48—Component arrangements in separate outdoor units characterised by air airflow, e.g. inlet or outlet airflow
- F24F1/50—Component arrangements in separate outdoor units characterised by air airflow, e.g. inlet or outlet airflow with outlet air in upward direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/006—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing frost
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
- F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2515—Flow valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner and an outdoor unit of the air conditioner, and particularly relates to a structure of a heat source side heat exchanger.
- the frost attached to the outdoor heat exchanger melts and becomes drain water, which is discharged to the outside of the outdoor unit. At this time, the drain water scatters and adheres to the inside of the outdoor unit housing.
- the outside air temperature is in a low state such as 0 ° C. or less, there is a possibility that the drain water adhering to the inside of the housing is frozen before being discharged to the outside.
- Patent Document 1 an air conditioner having a drainage structure capable of quickly discharging drain water accumulated in the outdoor unit and suppressing icing has been proposed.
- the “service panel” is a surface used by an operator when performing maintenance work (service) such as repair or maintenance among the side surfaces forming the housing.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner and an outdoor unit of the air conditioner that can be used.
- the air conditioner of the present invention includes an outdoor unit including a compressor, a refrigerant flow switching device and a heat source side heat exchanger, and an indoor unit including a throttle device and a use side heat exchanger, and the outdoor unit and the indoor unit A unit is connected by piping, and the outdoor unit, the indoor unit, and an air conditioner in which a refrigerant flows in the pipe, wherein the outdoor unit is provided with a plurality of intake ports that take in air outside the outdoor unit An outer side surface is formed by the panel, and at least one of the plurality of panels is a service panel, and the heat source side heat exchanger is a first heat source provided along the side surface including the service panel.
- the first heat source side heat exchanger is divided into a plurality of side heat exchangers and a second heat source side heat exchanger provided along a side surface different from the side surface including the service panel.
- the heating luck During one in which the flow path of the coolant is parallel to the flow of the air.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the drain water from scattering to the service panel provided in the casing of the outdoor unit and prevent the drain water from freezing.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of an air-conditioning apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the air conditioner 1 includes an outdoor unit 10 and a plurality of indoor units 20A, 20B,..., And the outdoor unit 10 and the plurality of indoor units 20A, 20B,. Connected by.
- This example shows a case where three indoor units 20A, 20B and 20C are connected to one outdoor unit 10.
- the number of indoor units 20 connected to the outdoor unit 10 is not limited to this example.
- one indoor unit 20 may be connected to one outdoor unit 10, or two or four or more.
- Indoor unit 20 may be connected.
- one or a plurality of indoor units 20 may be connected to a plurality of outdoor units 10.
- the outdoor unit 10 mainly includes a compressor 11, a refrigerant flow switching device 12 such as a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger (outdoor heat exchanger) 13, and an accumulator 14.
- the compressor 11 sucks a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, compresses the refrigerant, and discharges it in a high-temperature and high-pressure state.
- a capacity-controllable inverter compressor or the like can be used as the compressor 11, for example.
- the refrigerant flow switching device 12 switches between the cooling operation and the heating operation by switching the direction in which the refrigerant flows.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 13 performs heat exchange between air and refrigerant supplied by a heat source side blower such as a fan (not shown). Specifically, the heat source side heat exchanger 13 functions as a condenser that heats air or the like with the heat of the refrigerant during the cooling operation. The heat source side heat exchanger 13 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant during the heating operation and cools the air or the like with the heat of vaporization at that time.
- the accumulator 14 is provided on the suction side of the compressor.
- the accumulator 14 stores surplus refrigerant generated due to a difference in operating state between the cooling operation and the heating operation, surplus refrigerant with respect to a transient change in operation, and the like.
- the indoor units 20A, 20B, and 20C are configured by use side heat exchangers (indoor heat exchangers) 21A, 21B, 21C and expansion devices 22A, 22B, 22C, respectively.
- side heat exchangers indoor heat exchangers
- expansion devices 22A, 22B, 22C expansion devices 22A, 22B, 22C, respectively.
- use side heat exchangers 21A to 21C and the expansion devices 22A to 22C are simply referred to as “use side heat exchanger 21” and “expansion device 22” as appropriate.
- the use side heat exchanger 21 performs heat exchange between air and refrigerant supplied by a use side blower such as a fan (not shown). Thereby, heating air or cooling air supplied to the indoor space is generated.
- the use side heat exchanger 21 functions as an evaporator during the cooling operation.
- the use side heat exchanger 21 functions as a condenser during the heating operation.
- the expansion device 22 is, for example, a valve, and expands the refrigerant by reducing the pressure.
- the expansion device 22 is configured by a valve capable of controlling the opening, such as an electronic expansion valve.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 via the refrigerant flow switching device 12.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 condenses while exchanging heat with the outdoor air and dissipates heat, and becomes a supercooled high-pressure liquid refrigerant that flows out of the heat source side heat exchanger 13.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat source side heat exchanger 13 is decompressed by the expansion device 22 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and flows into the use-side heat exchanger 21.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the use-side heat exchanger 21 exchanges heat with the indoor air, absorbs heat and evaporates, thereby cooling the indoor air and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. Out of the vessel 21.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the use-side heat exchanger 21 passes through the refrigerant flow switching device 12 and the accumulator 14 and is sucked into the compressor 11.
- Heating operation mode Next, the operation of the refrigerant in the heating operation mode will be described.
- the refrigerant flow switching device 12 is switched to the state indicated by the dotted line in FIG.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 11 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 flows into the use-side heat exchanger 21 via the refrigerant flow switching device 12.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the use-side heat exchanger 21 condenses while exchanging heat with room air and dissipates heat, and flows out of the use-side heat exchanger 21 as a supercooled high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out from the use-side heat exchanger 21 is decompressed by the expansion device 22 to become a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and flows into the heat source-side heat exchanger 13.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the heat source side heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat with outdoor air, absorbs heat and evaporates, becomes low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant, and flows out of the heat source side heat exchanger 13.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side heat exchanger 13 passes through the refrigerant flow switching device 12 and the accumulator 14 and is sucked into the compressor.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the appearance of the outdoor unit 10 in the air-conditioning apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section when an example of the outdoor unit 10 in the air-conditioning apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is viewed from above.
- a portion indicated by a dotted line indicates a fan 51 provided on an upper panel 50e described later, and does not appear in an actual cross section.
- the outdoor unit 10 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, for example, and its outer shell is configured by a housing 50.
- the housing 50 includes a front panel 50a, a back panel 50b, two side panels 50c and 50d, a top panel 50e, and a bottom panel 50f. At least one of the panels 50a to 50d is a service panel that is a service side panel.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where the front panel 50a is a service panel.
- the service panel is not limited to this example, and may be another panel such as the side panels 50c and 50d.
- the front panel 50a, the back panel 50b, and the side panels 50c and 50d are provided with air inlets for taking in outdoor air.
- the top panel 50e is provided with a fan 51 as a discharge mechanism for releasing the air in the outdoor unit 10 to the outside.
- a heat source side heat exchanger 13 is provided inside the outdoor unit 10 along the panels 50a to 50d.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 13 includes, for example, a first heat source side heat exchanger 13a and a second heat source side heat exchanger 13b formed in an L shape in plan view.
- the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a is provided along the front panel 50a and the side panel 50d.
- the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b is provided along the back panel 50b and the side panel 50c.
- a refrigerant inlet 15a and a refrigerant outlet 15b are provided on one end face of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a and the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b.
- the refrigerant inlet 15a is provided on the windward side with respect to the outdoor air flow taken in from the front panel 50a, and the refrigerant outlet 15b is on the leeward side with respect to the outdoor air flow.
- the refrigerant inlet 15a is provided on the leeward side with respect to the outdoor air flow taken in from the back panel 50b, and the refrigerant outlet 15b is provided for the outdoor air flow.
- the windward side is provided on the windward side.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a of FIG.
- the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes 16 and a plurality of fins 17 arranged in a plurality of rows with respect to the air flow direction.
- a plurality of rows of heat transfer tubes 16 are provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction with respect to the air flow direction.
- the heat transfer tube 16 is provided so as to penetrate through holes provided in the plurality of fins 17 arranged at a predetermined interval, and the refrigerant flows through the inside.
- the first heat source side heat exchanger 13 a performs heat exchange between the air passing between the plurality of fins 17 and the refrigerant flowing in the plurality of heat transfer tubes 16.
- the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a transfers the heat of the refrigerant flowing in the heat transfer tube 16 and the air flowing outside through the fins 17, thereby increasing the surface area that becomes a contact surface with the air. Heat exchange between the air and the air can be performed efficiently.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes 16 arranged in a plurality of rows are provided.
- the present invention is not limited to this example.
- the number of stages may be one.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 13 is a parallel flow system in which the flow directions of the refrigerant and air coincide.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 13 is a counter flow system in which the refrigerant and air flow directions are different (opposed). That is, in the first embodiment, the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a during the heating operation is a parallel flow method, and the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b is a counter flow method.
- the two-phase refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger used as an evaporator from the refrigerant inlet flows through the piping in the heat exchanger while exchanging heat with the taken-in air.
- the pressure drops due to the pressure loss (friction loss) in the pipe, and the temperature drops accordingly. Therefore, in the heat exchanger, the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant inlet is high, and the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant outlet is low.
- the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a during the heating operation is a parallel flow system, and the refrigerant inlet 15a and the refrigerant outlet 15b are provided on the windward side and leeward side of the air flow, respectively. Therefore, the refrigerant temperature on the leeward side is lowered.
- the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b during the heating operation is a counter flow system, and the refrigerant inlet 15a and the refrigerant outlet 15b are provided on the leeward side and the windward side of the air flow, respectively. The refrigerant temperature will be lowered.
- the amount of frost (frosting amount) adhering to the heat exchanger during heating operation increases as the refrigerant temperature decreases, and decreases as the refrigerant temperature increases. Therefore, in the first embodiment, in the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a of the parallel flow method, the amount of frost formation on the lee side where the refrigerant outlet 15b is provided is large, and the refrigerant inlet 15a is provided. The amount of frost formation on the windward side is reduced.
- the frost adhering to the heat source side heat exchanger 13 at the time of heating operation is melted and dripped. Therefore, in the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a that is the parallel flow method, the amount of molten water on the leeward side is large, and in the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b that is the counter flow method, the amount of molten water on the leeward side is large. Become.
- Embodiment 2 an air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
- the temperature at the refrigerant outlet of the refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side heat exchanger provided along the service panel is increased during the heating operation.
- frost formation on the heat source side heat exchanger is suppressed, and the amount of drain water generated during the defrosting operation is suppressed.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the air conditioner 2 includes an outdoor unit 100 and a plurality of indoor units 20A, 20B,..., And the outdoor unit and the plurality of indoor units are connected by a refrigerant pipe 30.
- the outdoor unit 100 mainly includes a compressor 11, a refrigerant flow switching device 12, a heat source side heat exchanger 13, an accumulator 14, and a refrigerant flow rate adjustment mechanism 110.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 13 includes, for example, a first heat source side heat exchanger 13a and a second heat source side heat exchanger 13b as in the first embodiment, and the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a is in service. It is provided along the panel (front panel 50a).
- the refrigerant flow rate adjusting mechanism 110 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a to be a preset flow rate during the heating operation.
- the refrigerant flow rate adjusting mechanism 110 for example, at least one of the diameter and the length of the pipe connected to the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a is adjusted so that a refrigerant having a preset flow rate flows during the heating operation. Things can be used.
- an electronic expansion valve may be used as the refrigerant flow rate adjusting mechanism 110, and the opening degree may be set to a predetermined opening degree set in advance.
- the opening during the cooling operation may be, for example, an opening set as described above or a fully open opening.
- the indoor units 20A, 20B, and 20C are configured by use side heat exchangers (indoor heat exchangers) 21A, 21B, 21C and expansion devices 22A, 22B, 22C, respectively. Note that the indoor units 20A, 20B, and 20C are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- Heating operation mode In the heating operation mode, the refrigerant flow switching device 12 is switched to the state shown in FIG. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 11 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 flows into the use-side heat exchanger 21 via the refrigerant flow switching device 12, and is condensed while dissipating heat by exchanging heat with indoor air. It becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant and flows out from the use side heat exchanger 21.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the use-side heat exchanger 21 is decompressed by the expansion device 22 and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant branches by the branch flow path and flows into the refrigerant flow rate adjusting mechanism 110 and the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant flow rate adjustment mechanism 110 is adjusted to have a flow rate set in advance, flows out of the refrigerant flow rate adjustment mechanism 110, and flows into the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a exchanges heat with the outdoor air, absorbs heat and evaporates, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b exchanges heat with outdoor air, absorbs and evaporates, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant. It flows out of the exchanger 13b.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a is adjusted by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment mechanism 110, which is sufficient for the heat exchange capacity of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a. Reduce. Thereby, since the refrigerant flowing out from the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a flows out in a state where the degree of superheat is large, the refrigerant flow rate is the heat exchange capacity of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a. It becomes high compared with the case where it is sufficient.
- the flow rate of the refrigerant adjusted by the refrigerant flow rate adjustment mechanism 110 (the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a) is, for example, the heat exchange capacity of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a as the heat source.
- the capacity ratio obtained by dividing by the heat exchange capacity of the entire side heat exchanger 13 can be adjusted to be equal to or lower than the refrigerant flow rate obtained by multiplying the overall refrigerant flow rate.
- the refrigerant can be allowed to flow out of the heat exchanger in a high temperature state.
- the amount of frost formation to a heat source side heat exchanger decreases at the time of heating operation, the amount of drain water generated at the time of defrosting operation can be reduced.
- the surface area of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a is reduced, and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing into the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a is adjusted using the refrigerant flow rate adjustment mechanism 110, The refrigerant flow rate is sufficiently reduced with respect to the heat exchange capacity of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a.
- coolant can be flowed out from the refrigerant
- the surface area of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a is reduced and the refrigerant flow rate adjusting mechanism 110 is used to flow into the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a.
- the refrigerant flow rate is adjusted so that the refrigerant flow rate is sufficiently reduced with respect to the heat exchange capacity of the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a. Therefore, the amount of drain water generated during the defrosting operation can be suppressed, and icing of the service panel can be suppressed.
- the case where the first heat source side heat exchanger 13a and the second heat source side heat exchanger 13b formed in an L shape are used as the heat source side heat exchanger 13 has been described.
- four flat heat source side heat exchangers may be arranged along the panels 50a to 50d.
- the refrigerant inlet 15a and the refrigerant outlet 15b are arranged on the windward side and leeward side of the air into which the refrigerant is introduced. .
- a flat heat source side heat exchanger is arranged along the service panel (for example, the front panel 50a), and the heat source side heat exchanger having a shape formed by three adjacent sides is arranged in the other panel.
- the panels 50b to 50d may be arranged along.
- coolant outflow port 15b were provided in the same end surface in the heat source side heat exchanger 13, it is not restricted to this, It follows the front panel 50a which is a service panel.
- the refrigerant inlet 15a and the refrigerant outlet 15b may be provided on different end faces so that the refrigerant outlet 15b is on the leeward side.
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Abstract
Description
ここで、外気温が0℃以下等の低い状態である場合には、筐体内部に付着したドレン水が外部に排出される前に氷結する虞がある。
ここで、「サービス面」とは、筐体を形成する側面のうち、修理やメンテナンス等の保守作業(サービス)を行う際に作業者が使用する面とする。
(空気調和装置)
以下、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置について説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置1の回路構成の一例を示す概略図である。図1に示すように、空気調和装置1は、室外機10及び複数の室内機20A、20B、・・・を備え、室外機10及び複数の室内機20A、20B、・・・が冷媒配管30によって接続される。この例は、1つの室外機10に対して3つの室内機20A、20B及び20Cが接続された場合を示す。
室外機10は、主に、圧縮機11、四方弁等の冷媒流路切替装置12、熱源側熱交換器(室外熱交換器)13、及びアキュムレータ14で構成される。
室内機20A、20B及び20Cは、それぞれ利用側熱交換器(室内熱交換器)21A、21B、21C及び絞り装置22A、22B、22Cによって構成される。
なお、以下の説明において、室内機20A、20B及び20Cと特に区別する必要がない場合には、単に「室内機20」と適宜称する。また、利用側熱交換器21A~21C、及び絞り装置22A~22Cについても同様に、単に「利用側熱交換器21」及び「絞り装置22」と適宜称する。
利用側熱交換器21は、冷房運転の際に蒸発器として機能する。また、利用側熱交換器21は、暖房運転の際に凝縮器として機能する。
次に、上記構成を有する空気調和装置1における冷房運転モード(又は霜取運転モード)及び暖房運転モードでの冷媒の動作について説明する。
なお、図1に示す例において、冷媒流路切替装置12の実線で示す状態が冷房運転モード(又は霜取運転モード)での状態であり、冷媒の流れ方向を実線で示す。また、冷媒流路切替装置12の点線で示す状態が暖房運転モードでの状態であり、冷媒の流れ方向を点線で示す。
まず、冷房運転モード(又は霜取運転モード)での冷媒の動作について説明する。
冷房運転モード(又は霜取運転モード)では、冷媒流路切替装置12が図1の実線で示す状態に切り替えられる。そして、低温低圧の冷媒が圧縮機11によって圧縮され、高温高圧のガス冷媒となって吐出される。
次に、暖房運転モードでの冷媒の動作について説明する。
暖房運転モードでは、冷媒流路切替装置12が図1の点線で示す状態に切り替えられる。そして、低温低圧の冷媒が圧縮機11によって圧縮され、高温高圧のガス冷媒となって吐出される。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置1における室外機10の構造について説明する。
図2は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置1における室外機10の外観の一例を示す斜視図である。図3は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る空気調和装置1における室外機10の一例を上面から見た際の断面を模式的に示す図である。なお、図3において、点線で示す部分は、後述する上面パネル50eに設けられるファン51を示し、実際の断面には表れないものである。
筐体50は、前面パネル50a、背面パネル50b、2つの側面パネル50c及び50d、上面パネル50e、底面パネル50fで構成される。これらの各パネル50a~50dのうち少なくとも1つのパネルがサービス面側のパネルであるサービスパネルとされる。
第1の熱源側熱交換器13aにおいては、冷媒流入口15aが前面パネル50aから取り込まれる室外空気の流れに対して風上側に設けられ、冷媒流出口15bが室外空気の流れに対して風下側に設けられる。
一方、第2の熱源側熱交換器13bにおいては、冷媒流入口15aが背面パネル50bから取り込まれる室外空気の流れに対して風下側に設けられ、冷媒流出口15bが室外空気の流れに対して風上側に設けられる。
第1の熱源側熱交換器13aは、空気の流れ方向に対して複数列に配置された複数の伝熱管16と、複数のフィン17とで構成される。また、第1の熱源側熱交換器13aは、複数列の伝熱管16が空気の流れ方向に対して鉛直方向に複数段設けられる。
伝熱管16は、所定の間隔で並べられた複数のフィン17に設けられた貫通孔を貫通するように設けられ、内部を冷媒が流れる。
第1の熱源側熱交換器13aは、伝熱管16内を流れる冷媒と外部を流れる空気との熱を、フィン17を介して伝えることにより、空気との接触面となる表面積が大きくなり、冷媒と空気との間の熱交換を効率的に行うことができる。
熱源側熱交換器13の冷媒流入口15aを空気流れの風上側に設けるとともに、冷媒流出口15bを風下側に設けた場合、冷媒は、冷媒流入口15aから流入し、風上側の列の伝熱管16内を流れた後、風下側の列の伝熱管16内を流れ、冷媒流出口15bから流出する。したがって、熱源側熱交換器13は、冷媒及び空気の流れ方向が一致する並行流方式となる。
一方、熱源側熱交換器13の冷媒流入口15aを空気流れの風下側に設けるとともに、冷媒流出口15bを風上側に設けた場合、冷媒は、冷媒流入口15aから流入し、風下側の列の伝熱管16内を流れた後、風上側の列の伝熱管16内を流れ、冷媒流出口15bから流出する。したがって、熱源側熱交換器13は、冷媒及び空気の流れ方向が異なる(対向する)対向流方式となる。
すなわち、本実施の形態1において、暖房運転時の第1の熱源側熱交換器13aは並行流方式となり、第2の熱源側熱交換器13bは対向流方式となる。
そのため、熱交換器では、冷媒流入口における冷媒の温度が高く、冷媒流出口における冷媒の温度が低くなる。
また、暖房運転時の第2の熱源側熱交換器13bは、対向流方式であり、冷媒流入口15a及び冷媒流出口15bがそれぞれ空気流れの風下側及び風上側に設けられるため、風上側の冷媒温度が低くなることになる。
一方、暖房運転時に熱交換器に付着する霜の量(着霜量)は、冷媒温度が低いほど多くなり、冷媒温度が高いほど少なくなる。
そのため、本実施の形態1において、並行流方式である第1の熱源側熱交換器13aでは、冷媒流出口15bが設けられた風下側の着霜量が多く、冷媒流入口15aが設けられた風上側の着霜量が少なくなる。
また、対向流方式である第2の熱源側熱交換器13bでは、冷媒流出口15bが設けられた風上側の着霜量が多く、冷媒流入口15aが設けられた風下側の着霜量が少なくなる。
したがって、並行流方式である第1の熱源側熱交換器13aでは、風下側の融解水量が多くなり、対向流方式である第2の熱源側熱交換器13bでは、風上側の融解水量が多くなる。
次に、本発明の実施の形態2に係る空気調和装置ついて説明する。
本実施の形態2に係る空気調和機では、暖房運転時に、サービスパネルに沿って設けられた熱源側熱交換器から流出する冷媒の冷媒流出口での温度を高くする。これにより、当該熱源側熱交換器への着霜を抑制し、霜取運転時に発生するドレン水の量を抑制するようにした。
図5は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る空気調和装置の回路構成の一例を示す概略図である。なお、以下の説明において、実施の形態1と同様の部分には同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。
図5に示すように、空気調和装置2は、室外機100及び複数の室内機20A、20B、・・・を備え、室外機及び複数の室内機が冷媒配管30によって接続される。
室外機100は、主に、圧縮機11、冷媒流路切替装置12、熱源側熱交換器13、アキュムレータ14、及び冷媒流量調整機構110で構成される。
冷媒流量調整機構110としては、例えば、暖房運転時に予め設定された流量の冷媒が流れるように、第1の熱源側熱交換器13aに接続される配管の径及び長さの少なくとも一方を調整したものを用いることができる。
また、これに限られず、例えば、冷媒流量調整機構110として電子式膨張弁を用い、その開度を予め設定された所定の開度に設定するようにしてもよい。なお、冷媒流量調整機構110として電子式膨張弁を用いる場合には、冷房運転時における開度を、例えば上述したように設定された開度としてもよいし、全開開度としてもよい。
室内機20A、20B及び20Cは、それぞれ利用側熱交換器(室内熱交換器)21A、21B、21C及び絞り装置22A、22B、22Cによって構成される。なお、室内機20A、20B及び20Cについては、実施の形態1と同様であるため、説明を省略する。
次に、上記構成を有する空気調和装置2における暖房運転モードでの冷媒の動作について説明する。なお、冷房運転モード(又は霜取運転モード)での動作については、冷房運転モード(又は霜取運転モード)では冷媒流量調整機構110が動作しないため、実施の形態1と同様であるので、説明を省略する。
図5に示す例は、暖房運転時の状態及び冷媒の流れ方向を示す。
暖房運転モードでは、冷媒流路切替装置12が図5に示す状態に切り替えられる。そして、低温低圧の冷媒が圧縮機11によって圧縮され、高温高圧のガス冷媒となって吐出される。
第1の熱源側熱交換器13aに流入した低温低圧の気液二相冷媒は、室外空気と熱交換して吸熱及び蒸発し、低温低圧のガス冷媒となって第1の熱源側熱交換器13aから流出する。
一般的に、蒸発器として使用される熱交換器の表面積を小さくした場合、熱交換器の冷媒流出口から流出する冷媒の温度は、熱交換器の表面積が大きい場合と比較して低くなる。
すなわち、表面積を大きくした熱交換器を流れる冷媒は、冷媒流出口における温度が高くなる。
また、熱交換器に流入する冷媒の流量が熱交換器の熱交換容量に対して十分に少ない場合、熱交換器を流れる冷媒に対する圧力損失が少なくなる。そのため、冷媒の圧力損失による温度低下は、冷媒流量が熱交換器の熱交換容量に対して十分である場合と比較して小さくなる。
このように、熱交換器に流入する冷媒の流量が熱交換器の熱交換容量に対して十分に少ない場合、冷媒流出口から流出する冷媒は、過熱度が大きい状態で流出することになるので、この冷媒の温度は、冷媒流量が十分である場合と比較して高くなる。
これにより、暖房運転時には、熱源側熱交換器への着霜量が少なくなるため、霜取運転時に発生するドレン水の量を少なくすることができる。
これにより、温度が高い過熱ガスとして第1の熱源側熱交換器13aの冷媒流出口15bから冷媒を流出させることができ、霜取運転時に発生するドレン水の量を抑制することができる。
この場合には、サービスパネルである前面パネル50aに沿って配置される平板状の熱源側熱交換器において、冷媒流入口15a及び冷媒流出口15bをそれぞれ取り入れる空気の風上側及び風下側に配置する。これにより、当該平板状の熱源側熱交換器が並行流方式となるため、上述した実施の形態1と同様の作用効果を得ることができる。
また、例えば、平板状の熱源側熱交換器をサービスパネル(例えば、前面パネル50a)に沿うように配置するとともに、隣り合う3辺で形成される形状の熱源側熱交換器をそれ以外のパネル(例えば、パネル50b~50d)に沿うようにして配置してもよい。
Claims (9)
- 圧縮機、冷媒流路切替装置及び熱源側熱交換器を含む室外機と、絞り装置及び利用側熱交換器を含む室内機とを備え、前記室外機及び前記室内機が配管で接続され、前記室外機、前記室内機及び前記配管内を冷媒が流れる空気調和装置であって、
前記室外機は、
前記室外機外の空気を取り込む吸気口が設けられた複数のパネルによって外郭の側面が形成されるとともに、前記複数のパネルのうち少なくとも1つがサービスパネルとされており、
前記熱源側熱交換器は、
前記サービスパネルを含む側面に沿って設けられる第1の熱源側熱交換器と、前記サービスパネルを含む側面とは異なる側面に沿って設けられる第2の熱源側熱交換器との複数に分割されて構成されており、
前記第1の熱源側熱交換器は、
暖房運転の際に、前記冷媒の流路が前記空気の流れに対して並行流となる
空気調和装置。 - 前記暖房運転の際に、前記第1の熱源側熱交換器に流入する前記冷媒の流量を調整する冷媒流量調整機構を備える
請求項1に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記冷媒流量調整機構は、
前記第1の熱源側熱交換器に流入する冷媒の流量を、前記第1の熱源側熱交換器の熱交換容量を前記熱源側熱交換器全体の熱交換容量で除して得られる容量比率に、前記熱源側熱交換器全体を流れる冷媒の冷媒流量を乗じることによって得られる冷媒流量以下に調整する
請求項2に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記第1の熱源側熱交換器は、
L字状に形成され、
前記サービスパネルと該サービスパネルに隣接するパネルとに沿って設けられる
請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記第1の熱源側熱交換器は、
平板状に形成され、
前記サービスパネルに沿って設けられる
請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記第1の熱源側熱交換器は、
前記冷媒が流入する冷媒流入口が、取り込まれる前記空気の流れに対して風上側に設けられるとともに、前記冷媒が流出する冷媒流出口が、取り込まれる前記空気の流れに対して風下側に設けられる
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記第1の熱源側熱交換器の前記冷媒流入口及び前記冷媒流出口は、
同一の端面に設けられる
請求項6に記載の空気調和装置。 - 前記第1の熱源側熱交換器の前記冷媒流入口及び前記冷媒流出口は、
異なる端面に設けられる
請求項6に記載の空気調和装置。 - 圧縮機、冷媒流路切替装置及び熱源側熱交換器を備え、各部及び該各部を接続する配管内を冷媒が流れる空気調和装置の室外機であって、
前記室外機外の空気を取り込む吸気口が設けられた複数のパネルによって外郭の側面が形成されるとともに、前記複数のパネルのうち少なくとも1つがサービスパネルとされており、
前記熱源側熱交換器は、
前記サービスパネルを含む側面に沿って設けられる第1の熱源側熱交換器と、前記サービスパネルを含む側面とは異なる側面に沿って設けられる第2の熱源側熱交換器との複数に分割されて構成されており、
前記第1の熱源側熱交換器は、
前記冷媒が流入する冷媒流入口が、取り込まれる前記空気の流れに対して風上側に設けられるとともに、前記冷媒が流出する冷媒流出口が、取り込まれる前記空気の流れに対して風下側に設けられ、
暖房運転の際に、前記冷媒の流路が前記空気の流れに対して並行流となる
空気調和装置の室外機。
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| JP2017547241A JP6608946B2 (ja) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | 空気調和装置及び空気調和装置の室外機 |
| GB1804425.5A GB2557523B (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Air-conditioning apparatus and outdoor unit for air-conditioning apparatus |
| PCT/JP2015/080301 WO2017072866A1 (ja) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | 空気調和装置及び空気調和装置の室外機 |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001021284A (ja) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 熱交換装置 |
| WO2006003860A1 (ja) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-12 | Toshiba Carrier Corporation | マルチ形空気調和装置 |
| US20090084131A1 (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-02 | Nordyne Inc. | Air Conditioning Units with Modular Heat Exchangers, Inventories, Buildings, and Methods |
| JP2013007558A (ja) * | 2011-05-20 | 2013-01-10 | Daikin Industries Ltd | 空気調和装置の室外機 |
-
2015
- 2015-10-27 WO PCT/JP2015/080301 patent/WO2017072866A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2015-10-27 GB GB1804425.5A patent/GB2557523B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001021284A (ja) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 熱交換装置 |
| WO2006003860A1 (ja) * | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-12 | Toshiba Carrier Corporation | マルチ形空気調和装置 |
| US20090084131A1 (en) * | 2007-10-01 | 2009-04-02 | Nordyne Inc. | Air Conditioning Units with Modular Heat Exchangers, Inventories, Buildings, and Methods |
| JP2013007558A (ja) * | 2011-05-20 | 2013-01-10 | Daikin Industries Ltd | 空気調和装置の室外機 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022244126A1 (ja) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-11-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
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| GB2557523A (en) | 2018-06-20 |
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| JPWO2017072866A1 (ja) | 2018-05-10 |
| GB2557523B (en) | 2020-09-30 |
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