WO2017046970A1 - テレフタル酸の乾燥方法および横型回転式乾燥機 - Google Patents
テレフタル酸の乾燥方法および横型回転式乾燥機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017046970A1 WO2017046970A1 PCT/JP2015/084517 JP2015084517W WO2017046970A1 WO 2017046970 A1 WO2017046970 A1 WO 2017046970A1 JP 2015084517 W JP2015084517 W JP 2015084517W WO 2017046970 A1 WO2017046970 A1 WO 2017046970A1
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- terephthalic acid
- rotating cylinder
- heating tube
- drying
- heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/30—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotary or oscillating containers; with movement performed by rotary floors
- F26B17/32—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotary or oscillating containers; with movement performed by rotary floors the movement being in a horizontal or slightly inclined plane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/18—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact
- F26B3/22—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source and the materials or objects to be dried being in relative motion, e.g. of vibration
- F26B3/24—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source and the materials or objects to be dried being in relative motion, e.g. of vibration the movement being rotation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for drying terephthalic acid and a horizontal rotary dryer that improve the drying speed.
- Steam dryers hereinafter referred to as “STD”), call-in tubes (Patent Document 1), rotary kilns, and the like are frequently used as dryers for drying workpieces such as coal and ore.
- the coal and ore are used as raw materials for steelmaking and refining, power generation fuel, etc., and since it is required to process them stably and in large quantities, each of the above-mentioned dryers is a dryer that meets this requirement. It has been adopted.
- STD indirectly heats the object to be treated, it has high thermal efficiency and a large amount of treatment per unit volume. Moreover, since the size can be increased, it is suitable for the demand for mass processing.
- the call-in tube also indirectly heats the object to be processed, so that the heat efficiency is high and the processing amount per unit volume is large as in the STD.
- the call-in tube has a drawback that it is difficult to increase the size compared to the STD. For example, when an amount that can be processed by one STD is to be processed by a call-in tube, a plurality of units may be required.
- Rotary kilns have the disadvantage of poor thermal efficiency compared to indirect heating because they are dried directly by applying hot air to the workpiece.
- the exhaust treatment facility becomes very large. For these reasons, STD has an advantage as a dryer for processing a large amount of objects to be processed.
- the present inventor has found a problem that it should be directed to improve the drying speed of the object to be dried (the object to be treated), that is, terephthalic acid, in view of the limitations in increasing the size of the apparatus described above. It was.
- an object of the present invention is to improve the drying rate of terephthalic acid by a dryer.
- Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to avoid the above-mentioned problems associated with the increase in the size of the apparatus as much as possible by the present invention that can increase the amount of drying treatment per size (shell diameter) of the dryer.
- the present invention that has solved the above problems is as follows.
- ⁇ Invention of Claim 1> A terephthalic acid supply port on one end side, a terephthalic acid discharge port on the other end side, a rotating cylinder rotatable around an axis, and a heating tube group through which a heating medium passes are provided in the rotating cylinder, Using a horizontal rotary dryer having a configuration in which terephthalic acid is scraped in the rotation direction by the heating tube group as the rotating cylinder rotates.
- Vc the critical speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder
- D is the inner diameter (m) of the rotating cylinder
- ⁇ is the critical speed ratio (%) of the rotating cylinder
- V is the rotational speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder. It is.
- the drying capacity can be dramatically improved as compared with the conventional method, and a large amount of terephthalic acid can be processed.
- the contact area between the terephthalic acid and the heating tube group does not increase, and the drying speed cannot be increased.
- the liquid content of terephthalic acid was 3 wt% W.V. B. In order to make it less than that, it is necessary to perform dehydration by applying a high load using a high-functional and expensive dehydrator in the dehydration step before the drying step, which is not preferable from the viewpoints of economy and power saving.
- ⁇ Invention of Claim 3 The method for drying terephthalic acid according to claim 1, wherein terephthalic acid is supplied into the rotating cylinder so that a filling rate ⁇ of terephthalic acid defined by the following formula 3 is 20 to 40%.
- ⁇ Ap / Af ⁇ 100 Equation 3
- ⁇ is the filling rate (%)
- Ap is the cross-sectional area occupied by terephthalic acid with respect to the free cross-sectional area (m 2 )
- Af is the free section obtained by subtracting the cross-sectional area of all the heating tubes from the total cross-sectional area of the rotating cylinder. Area (m 2 ).
- the total cross-sectional area Af of the rotating cylinder refers to a cross-sectional area inside the rotating cylinder in an arbitrary cross section of the rotating cylinder, and does not include the area of the thick portion of the rotating cylinder. That is, it refers to the cross-sectional area calculated based on the inner diameter of the rotating cylinder.
- the separation distance between adjacent heating tubes is related to the amount of terephthalic acid that is scooped up and the amount of scooped terephthalic acid that falls and returns between the heat transfer tubes as the rotating cylinder rotates. As related to the rotational speed of the rotating cylinder, it was found that the separation distance is suitably 60 to 150 mm.
- a terephthalic acid supply port on one end side, a terephthalic acid discharge port on the other end side, a rotating cylinder rotatable around an axis, and a heating tube group through which a heating medium passes are provided in the rotating cylinder, With the rotation of the rotating cylinder, the heating tube group is configured to scrape terephthalic acid in the rotation direction,
- a horizontal rotary dryer that indirectly heats and dries terephthalic acid by the heating tube group,
- a horizontal rotary dryer characterized in that the rotary cylinder can be rotated so that the critical speed ratio ⁇ determined by the following formulas 1 and 2 is less than 17 to 80%.
- Vc 2.21D 1/2 ...
- ⁇ V / Vc ⁇ 100 Equation 2
- Vc is the critical speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder
- D is the inner diameter (m) of the rotating cylinder
- ⁇ is the critical speed ratio (%) of the rotating cylinder
- V is the rotational speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder. It is.
- the rotation axis of the rotating cylinder is provided to be inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and one end side of the rotating cylinder is positioned higher than the other end side,
- a rotary cylinder of a horizontal rotary dryer is provided inclined with respect to a horizontal plane. This is to make it easier to move the object to be processed (terephthalic acid or the like) from one end side to the other end side. If the propulsive force that moves the workpiece from one end to the other end is weak, this tilt angle must be increased.
- the inclination angle of the rotary cylinder of a general horizontal rotary dryer is 0.57 to 5.7 degrees, but in the present invention, it can be 0.057 to 2.86 degrees.
- the drying rate of terephthalic acid by a dryer can be improved. Further, as a result of the improvement of the drying speed, the amount of drying treatment per dryer size (shell diameter) can be increased. In other words, the size of the apparatus per processing amount can be reduced.
- (A) It is a side view of the horizontal rotary dryer which concerns on this invention.
- (B) A diagram showing the inclination angle between the rotation axis of the rotating cylinder and the horizontal plane. It is the side view which showed the screw feeder and its periphery. It is an enlarged view (side view) of the other end side of a rotating cylinder. It is a side view of the horizontal rotary dryer (modification) concerning the present invention. It is a side view in case a supply system is a chute type. It is a side view in case a supply system is a vibration trough type. It is the example which made the shape of the cross section of the rotation cylinder the rectangle. It is a side view at the time of providing a jacket on the outer side of a rotating cylinder.
- the drying speed of the workpiece W using a dryer can be expressed by the following formula 4.
- Q Uoa ⁇ Aef ⁇ Tln Equation 4
- Q is the heat transfer amount (W)
- Uoa is the overall heat transfer coefficient (W / m 2 -K)
- Aef is the effective contact heat transfer area (m 2 )
- Tln is the temperature difference (° C. ).
- the drying speed is synonymous with the heat transfer amount Q, and in order to increase the heat transfer amount Q on the left side of the above equation 4, any or all of the overall heat transfer coefficient Uoa, the effective contact heat transfer area Aef, the temperature difference Tln on the right side Measures to increase
- the inventor pays attention to the overall heat transfer coefficient Uoa and the effective contact heat transfer area Aef, and in order to increase these, the relative contact speed between the heat transfer surface and the object to be dried is increased, and the terephthalic acid
- the effective contact heat transfer area between the heat transfer surface and terephthalic acid was increased by improving the dispersion.
- the effectiveness of the method of the present invention was clearly confirmed.
- terephthalic acid (1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid) can be given as an object to be processed W (an object to be dried).
- This terephthalic acid can be produced by a liquid phase air oxidation method of para-xylene. Specifically, air is oxidized at a low temperature and high pressure in an acetic acid solvent using cobalt or manganese as a catalyst and a bromine compound as a promoter.
- it may be produced by a nitric acid oxidation method using para-xylene as a raw material, a Helkel method using a potassium salt of phthalic acid or benzoic acid as a raw material, or the like.
- the workpiece W is referred to as terephthalic acid, but it is precisely a dehydrated cake containing terephthalic acid.
- This dehydrated cake is a cake after being dehydrated by a solid-liquid separator or the like in the dehydration step performed before the drying step.
- the horizontal rotary dryer according to the present invention can be used for producing crude terephthalic acid or high-purity terephthalic acid.
- a method for producing crude terephthalic acid and high-purity terephthalic acid is disclosed in JP-A-2009-203163.
- the method for producing crude terephthalic acid first, p-xylene as a raw material is oxidized in an oxidation reactor in a solvent made of acetic acid to produce terephthalic acid.
- Terephthalic acid is crystallized in a crystallization tank to obtain a primary slurry.
- This primary slurry is introduced into a solid-liquid separator and separated into a separated mother liquor and a dehydrated cake.
- the dehydrated cake is dried with a horizontal rotary dryer (steam tube dryer) to obtain crude terephthalic acid crystals.
- crude terephthalic acid obtained using the above-described method for producing crude terephthalic acid is mixed with water in a mixing tank to form an initial slurry.
- this initial slurry is pressurized with a pump and then heated with a preheater to be completely dissolved.
- This solution is mixed with water to form an initial slurry, which is pressurized with a pump and then heated with a preheater to be completely dissolved.
- 4-carboxylbenzaldehyde which is a typical impurity in crude terephthalic acid
- the reduction treatment liquid is cooled by releasing pressure in a crystallization tank to crystallize terephthalic acid to form a slurry.
- the slurry is separated into a separated mother liquor and a dehydrated cake using a solid-liquid separator, and the dehydrated cake is dried in a horizontal rotary dryer to obtain a high-temperature high-purity terephthalic acid crystal.
- the terephthalic acid supplied to the horizontal rotary dryer is preferably not sticky and has low adhesion.
- FIG. 27 shows a table quoted from FIG. 5 on page 17 of the 17th edition of the Japanese Powder Industrial Technology Association standard SAP15-13, 2013.
- dry dry
- pendular area aspended area
- funicular area 1 corrugated area 1
- funicular area 2 funicular area 2
- terephthalic acid A substance in the capillary region (capillary region) is preferably used as terephthalic acid. Slurries (mud) are not suitable because they tend to have very high adhesion.
- the liquid content of terephthalic acid supplied to the horizontal rotary dryer is 3 to 19 wt% W. B. It is preferable that Here, the “liquid content” means the weight ratio (W1 / (W1) of the sum of the weight of solid (W2) and the weight of liquid (W1) to the weight of liquid (W1) adhering to the terephthalic acid cake. W1 + W2)). This liquid content can be determined by the loss on drying method or the Karl Fischer method.
- the liquid content of terephthalic acid was 19 wt% W.V. B.
- (a) a method of flash-drying terephthalic acid, (a) a method of pre-drying terephthalic acid with a heater, and (c) drying Any method of mixing the prepared terephthalic acid crystals may be used.
- the method of flash-drying terephthalic acid is a method in which the terephthalic acid cake is moved to a compound recovery zone at a pressure lower than the pressure in the separator and lower than the temperature in the separator, and the interior opened by the movement. In this method, the liquid adhering to the cake is evaporated by energy.
- the difference between the pressure in the separator and the pressure in the compound recovery zone is preferably 0.01 MPa to 2.2 MPa.
- the difference between the cake temperature in the separator and the cake temperature discharged to the compound recovery zone is preferably 5 ° C to 250 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 200 ° C, and particularly preferably 20 ° C to 170 ° C.
- the method of pre-drying terephthalic acid with a heater is a method for reducing the liquid content by removing the liquid contained in the terephthalic acid cake by evaporating the liquid contained in the terephthalic acid cake with a heater installed in the previous stage of the drying apparatus.
- the heating temperature is equal to or higher than the boiling point of the liquid, and the heating time may be selected by checking the liquid content.
- the method of mixing dried terephthalic acid crystals is a terephthalic acid cake having a high water content before entering the dryer, and the liquid content after drying is 0.12 wt. B.
- the liquid content after drying is 0.12 wt. B.
- the following products are mixed with terephthalic acid.
- the median diameter (also referred to as “median diameter”) of the present invention is determined by measuring the particle size distribution using, for example, a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring apparatus (for example, trade name SALD-3100, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and cumulative volume. Is determined as the median diameter (D 50 ).
- the median diameter of terephthalic acid supplied to the horizontal rotary dryer is 50 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, and the median diameter of dried terephthalic acid (processed product E) discharged from the horizontal rotary dryer is 40 ⁇ m. ⁇ 250 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 1 the structure of this horizontal rotary dryer has a cylindrical rotating cylinder 10 and is installed so that the axis RA of the rotating cylinder 10 is slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal plane HP.
- the one end of the rotary cylinder 10 is positioned higher than the other end.
- the inclination angle ⁇ between the rotation axis RA and the horizontal plane HP is preferably 0.057 to 2.86 degrees.
- the rotating cylinder 10 is configured to rotate in one direction.
- the direction can be arbitrarily determined. For example, when viewed from the other end side (terephthalic acid discharge port side) to one end side (terephthalic acid supply port side), it is rotated counterclockwise (arrow R direction). Can do.
- a plurality of the steam tubes 11 are arranged in the circumferential direction and the radial direction so as to form a concentric circle with respect to the axis of the rotating cylinder 10. This arrangement will be described in detail later.
- the heating tube 11 is heated by steam or the like as a heating medium flowing through the inside of the heating tube 11.
- the amount of the heating medium flowing in the heating tube 11 is 0.001 m 3 / s to 13 m 3 / s.
- the temperature in the rotary cylinder 10 is 20 ° C.
- the pressure in the rotary cylinder 10 is minus 300 mmH2O to plus 100 mmH2O.
- the temperature of terephthalic acid supplied to the rotating cylinder 10 is 50 ° C. to 235 ° C., preferably 50 ° C. to 100 ° C., and the temperature of terephthalic acid discharged from the rotating cylinder 10 is 50 ° C. to 235 ° C.
- a plurality of openings 50 are formed through the peripheral wall on the other end side of the rotating cylinder 10.
- a plurality of openings 50 are formed along the circumferential direction of the rotating cylinder 10, and in the example of FIGS. 1 and 3, the openings 50 are formed so as to be separated from each other so as to form two rows.
- the some opening 50 is made into the same shape, it can also be made into a different shape.
- the opening 50 is shown so as to be visible, but actually, it is covered with, for example, a classification hood 55 shown in FIG. 4. In the lower part of the classification hood 55, a discharge port 55 for discharging the processed product E is formed.
- an air supply port 56 for carrier gas A (air, inert gas, etc.) is formed at the upper part of the classification hood 55.
- the carrier gas A flows through the opening 50 through the space in the rotating cylinder 10 (specifically, the space between the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 10 and the outer wall of the heating tube 11) from the other end side to the one end side. To do.
- an opening 41 is provided on one end side of the rotating cylinder 10.
- the opening 41 is used as a supply port for terephthalic acid and also as an exhaust port for the carrier gas A.
- the terephthalic acid supply port and the carrier gas exhaust port may be provided separately.
- the carrier gas A that has circulated through the rotary cylinder 10 to one end side is discharged to the outside through the opening 41.
- the horizontal rotary dryer used for drying terephthalic acid preferably employs a “countercurrent” in which the traveling direction of terephthalic acid in the rotating cylinder 10 and the traveling direction of the carrier gas A are reversed.
- a large amount of water vapor evaporated from terephthalic acid is contained in the carrier gas on the other end of the dryer, and the moisture in the terephthalic acid is unlikely to decrease because the vicinity of the other end of the dryer is highly humid.
- the carrier gas is blown from the other end side of the dryer in the countercurrent system, the water vapor evaporated from terephthalic acid is hardly contained and the humidity near the other end side of the dryer is low. For this reason, there exists an advantage that the water
- FIG. 1 A perspective view of a horizontal rotary dryer adopting “countercurrent” is shown in FIG. The shape is slightly different from the horizontal rotary dryer of FIG. 1, a terephthalic acid supply port 31 is provided above the screw feeder 42, and a processed product E discharge port 32 is provided at the lower end of the hood 35. Then, terephthalic acid is supplied from the supply port 31, terephthalic acid is moved from one end side to the other end side of the rotating cylinder 10, heated and dried by the heating tube 11 in the moving process, and dried processed product E Is discharged from the discharge port 32.
- a carrier gas A supply port 33 is provided at the upper end of the hood 35, and a carrier gas A discharge port 34 is provided above the screw feeder 42.
- the carrier gas A is supplied from the supply port 33, the carrier gas A is flowed from the other end side to the one end side of the rotating cylinder 10, the vapor evaporated from the terephthalic acid in the process is conveyed, and the carrier accompanied with the vapor Gas A is discharged from the discharge port 34.
- a gas blow tube type horizontal rotary dryer as shown in FIG. 11 may be used.
- the gas blowing pipe 36 is provided extending in the axial direction inside the rotary cylinder 10 and rotates together with the rotary cylinder 10 and the heating pipe 11.
- it can be provided between the plurality of heating tubes 11, 11 or further inside the heating tube 11 located on the innermost side.
- the display of the heating pipe 11 is omitted for easy understanding of the gas blowing pipe 36.
- a plurality of gas blowing ports 37 are open on the wall surface of the gas blowing pipe 36. In the example of FIG. 11, two rows of gas blowing ports 37 are provided in the axial direction above the gas blowing tube 36.
- the carrier gas A When operating the gas blowing tube dryer, the carrier gas A is supplied into the gas blowing tube 36 from the other end of the rotary cylinder 10.
- the supplied carrier gas A is ejected from the gas inlet 37 into the rotary cylinder 10 and flows out from one end side of the rotary cylinder 10 along with the vapor of terephthalic acid.
- the carrier gas A may be supplied from one end side of the rotating cylinder 10 into the gas blowing pipe 36 and exhausted from the other end side of the rotating cylinder 10.
- a gas pipe 72 is provided on the other end side of the rotating cylinder 10, and a supply pipe 70 and a drain pipe 71 for supplying steam into the steam tube 11 are provided.
- the terephthalic acid is supplied into the screw feeder 42 from the supply port 41, and is supplied into the rotary cylinder 10 by rotating a screw 44 installed in the screw feeder 42 by a driving means (not shown).
- the terephthalic acid supplied from the supply port 41 moves to the other end side of the rotating cylinder 10 while being dried by contacting the outer surface of the steam tube (heating tube) 11 heated by steam, and is discharged from the discharge port 50. Is done. Since both ends of the heating tube group 11 are connected to the rotating cylinder 10, the heating tube group 11 also rotates together with the rotation of the rotating cylinder 10. Then, the terephthalic acid is scraped upward by the rotating heating tube group 11 and dispersed in a wide range in the rotating cylinder 10. As will be described in detail later, as the critical speed ratio ⁇ of the rotating cylinder increases, the amount of terephthalic acid that is scraped up increases, and terephthalic acid is dispersed in a wider range within the rotating cylinder 10.
- This horizontal rotary dryer is a dryer in which terephthalic acid is indirectly heated by contact with the outer surface of the heating tube 11 heated by steam (heating medium) and dried. Therefore, when the heating medium and terephthalic acid are in direct contact, the terephthalic acid is directly heated and the drying mechanism is fundamentally different from the drying machine.
- the temperature of terephthalic acid discharged from the horizontal rotary dryer is 50 ° C to 235 ° C. Further, by using a horizontal rotary dryer, the liquid content (weight ratio with respect to the solid content of the cake adhering liquid) was set to 1 wt% W.V. B. Hereinafter, preferably 0.1 wt% W.V. B. Can be lowered to:
- the steam supplied from the supply pipe 70 into the heating pipe 11 is cooled in the process of flowing through the heating pipe 11 by the terephthalic acid and the heating pipe 11 coming into contact and exchanging heat to become the liquid D. It is discharged from the pipe 71.
- FIG. 5 A modification of the horizontal rotary dryer according to the present invention will be described.
- the method for supplying terephthalic acid to the horizontal rotary dryer include the chute method (FIG. 5) and the vibration trough method (FIG. 6) in addition to the screw method (FIG. 2).
- the supply chute 46 is coupled to the intake box 45, and terephthalic acid supplied from the supply port 41 falls in the supply chute 46 and moves into the rotary cylinder 10.
- An intake box 45 is connected to the rotary cylinder 10 via a seal packing 47, and the rotary cylinder 10 rotates while maintaining a seal between the rotary cylinder 10 and the intake box 45.
- the intake box 45 is a trough (the cross-sectional shape is concave), and a vibration motor 48 and a spring 49 are coupled to the lower end of the intake box 45.
- the terephthalic acid supplied from the supply port 41 falls on the trough.
- the intake box 45 is vibrated by the vibration motor 48, terephthalic acid moves into the rotary cylinder 10.
- the cross-sectional shape of the rotating cylinder 10 may be a rectangle as well as a circle described later. As an example of a rectangle, a hexagonal rotating cylinder 10 is shown in FIG. When the rectangular rotating cylinder 10 is rotated, terephthalic acid is lifted by the corners 15 of the rotating cylinder 10, so that the mixing of terephthalic acid is improved. On the other hand, there is a demerit that the number of heating tubes 11 to be arranged is reduced because the cross-sectional area of the rotating cylinder 10 is narrower than that of a circular case. Note that the number of corners (the number of sides) of the rectangle can be changed. More specifically, the number of corners can be any number of three or more.
- a jacket 12 surrounding the rotating cylinder 10 may be provided.
- the heating medium S is caused to flow between the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 10 and the inner wall of the jacket 12, and heating is also performed from the outside of the rotating cylinder 10.
- the drying rate of terephthalic acid can be increased as compared with the case where the jacket 12 is not provided.
- the heating medium S include high temperature gas of 200 to 400 ° C., hot oil of 200 to 400 ° C., and the like.
- a plurality of trace pipes may be provided so as to surround the rotating cylinder 10 instead of the jacket 12.
- FIG. 9 As a method of discharging the processed product E from the horizontal rotary dryer, a form as shown in FIG. 9 can be adopted.
- the carrier gas A is sent into the partition wall 23 from the carrier gas supply port 33 at the top of the casing 80.
- the carrier gas A is a reuse gas
- dust or the like is contained in the carrier gas A.
- the ribbon screw Z is disposed inside the partition wall 23, that is, the gas passage U2
- the gas Dust or the like mixed in is captured by the ribbon screw Z.
- the captured dust or the like is sent toward the opening 22 by the feeding action of the ribbon screw Z and is discharged into the casing 80.
- the discharged dust or the like is discharged from the discharge port 32 below the casing by free fall.
- the gas other than the dust of the carrier gas A is sent into the rotary cylinder 10 without being obstructed by the ribbon screw Z.
- the screw blades 24 also rotate. Therefore, the dried product E from which the terephthalic acid has been dried is sent through the delivery passage U1 toward the opening 21 by the feeding action of the screw blades 24 and is discharged from the opening 21.
- the discharged dry matter E is discharged from the discharge port 32 below the discharge casing by its own weight.
- a steam path (an internal steam supply pipe 61 and an internal drain discharge pipe 62) that penetrates the casing 80 and extends into the partition wall 23 is provided integrally with the rotary cylinder 10.
- the internal steam supply pipe 61 communicates with the inlet header part of the heating pipe 11 in the end plate part 17, and the internal drain discharge pipe 62 communicates with the outlet header part of the heating pipe 11 in the end plate part 17.
- the steam supply pipe 70 and the drain discharge pipe 71 are connected to the internal steam supply pipe 61 and the internal drain discharge pipe 62 via the rotary joint 63, respectively.
- the support structure of the rotary cylinder 10 includes a screw casing 42 provided on one end side and a gas pipe 72 provided on the other end side in addition to the support structure in which the two tire members 20, 20 are attached to the outer periphery of the rotary cylinder 10.
- a bearing (not shown) may be attached to the outer periphery of the tire to support the bearing, or a support structure in which the tire member 25 and the bearing are combined.
- Rotational speed In the present invention, in order to increase the drying speed of terephthalic acid, the rotating cylinder 10 is rotated at a higher speed than the conventional horizontal rotary dryer. A method for determining the rotational speed will be described below.
- the processing load PL of the horizontal rotary dryer is determined. Specifically, the load PL is calculated based on the type of terephthalic acid, the liquid content (wt% WB), the target throughput (kg / h), and the like.
- the number of rotations of the rotating cylinder 10 is determined.
- the conventional rotational speed determination method uses the rotational speed of the rotary cylinder 10 as an important reference (in the present invention, “rotational speed” is also referred to as “peripheral speed”). Used to determine the number of revolutions.
- the value of the rotation speed V was determined based on an empirical rule within a range of about 0.1 to 0.7 [m / s].
- N (V ⁇ 60) / (D ⁇ ⁇ ) Equation 5
- N is the rotational speed (r.p.m.) of the rotating cylinder 10
- V is the rotating speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder
- D is the inner diameter (m) of the rotating cylinder 10. .
- N V / Vc ⁇ Nc Expression 6
- N the rotational speed (r.p.m.) of the rotating cylinder 10
- V the rotating speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder 10
- Vc the critical speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder 10.
- Nc is the critical rotational speed (rpm) of the rotating cylinder 10.
- the “critical speed” is a rotational speed in which the gravity of terephthalic acid and the centrifugal force acting on terephthalic acid are balanced in the horizontal rotary dryer. Theoretically, terephthalic acid rotates with the rotating cylinder 10. The rotational speed of the rotating cylinder 10 is referred to. R ⁇ represents speed.
- the “critical speed ratio” refers to the ratio of the actual rotational speed to the critical speed.
- Vc 2.21D 1/2 ...
- Vc is the critical speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder 10
- D is the inner diameter (m) of the rotating cylinder 10.
- the critical speed ratio ⁇ of the rotating cylinder indicates the ratio of the actual rotational speed V to the critical speed (Vc), and can be expressed by the following formula 2.
- ⁇ V / Vc ⁇ 100 Equation 2
- ⁇ is the critical speed ratio (%) of the rotating cylinder 10
- V is the rotating speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder 10
- Vc is the critical speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder 10.
- Nc 42.2 / D 1/2
- Nc is the critical rotational speed (rpm) of the rotating cylinder 10
- Vc is the critical speed (m / s) of the rotating cylinder 10
- D is the inner diameter (m) of the rotating cylinder 10.
- terephthalic acid having a water content of 9 wt% w.b. was introduced into the rotary cylinder 10 in a batch manner.
- the median diameter of this terephthalic acid is 120 mm, and the input amount per time is 13 kg.
- the rotating cylinder 10 is rotated while arbitrarily changing the critical speed ratio, and the dispersion state of terephthalic acid inside the rotating cylinder 10 is taken as a photograph, and a trace of the photograph is shown in FIG. That is, a transparent plate is provided on the cross section of the horizontal rotary dryer so that the behavior of terephthalic acid can be visually observed, and the dispersion state of terephthalic acid inside the rotary cylinder 10 is photographed through the transparent plate and traced. .
- the rotation direction of the rotary cylinder 10 in FIG. 13 is counterclockwise.
- terephthalic acid When operating at a critical speed ratio of 10%, terephthalic acid is kiln action in the right half of the rotating cylinder 10. However, it is agglomerated in the right half region of the rotating cylinder 10, has a small amount of movement, and terephthalic acid is not very dispersed in the left half area of the rotating cylinder 10. This indicates that the heating tube 11 and terephthalic acid are not sufficiently in contact with each other in the left half region in the rotary cylinder 10.
- terephthalic acid does not easily fall from the upper side to the lower side in the rotating cylinder 10, and the mixed state of terephthalic acid in the rotating cylinder 10 deteriorates.
- the amount of heat decreases, and the evaporation rate of the liquid content of terephthalic acid becomes slow.
- the critical speed ratio at which the drying speed peaked depends on the liquid content of terephthalic acid. Specifically, the higher the liquid content of terephthalic acid, the smaller the critical speed ratio and the peak of the drying speed. Moreover, the lower the liquid content of terephthalic acid, the higher the peak value of the drying speed.
- the critical speed ratio is preferably 17 to 80%, more preferably 19 to 70%, and the critical speed ratio 25 to 65%. Is more preferable.
- the critical speed ratio increases from 10%, the drying speed changes in a mountain shape. Therefore, in order to obtain a desired drying speed, a low critical speed ratio and a high critical speed ratio are obtained.
- the two critical speed ratios can be selected. For example, in the case of terephthalic acid having a water content of 13 wt% WB, when it is desired to set the drying rate to 1.5, the following two can be selected.
- the first is a method for setting the critical speed ratio to 20% (a method for selecting a low critical speed ratio)
- the second is a method for setting the critical speed ratio to 60% (a method for selecting a high critical speed ratio).
- a low critical speed ratio when there are two options, it is preferable to select a low critical speed ratio. This is because the lower the critical speed ratio, that is, the lower the rotational speed of the rotary cylinder 10, the more economical the parts can be exchanged due to the wear of the machine, the less power consumption, and the lower the environmental load.
- the critical speed ratio may be 40% and the drying speed may be about 2.
- a drying speed of 1.5 is sufficient, it is preferable to set the critical speed ratio to 20% from the viewpoints of economic efficiency and environmental load reduction.
- the critical speed ratio is preferably 19% to 65%, and the liquid content of terephthalic acid is 9 wt% WB. Is preferably 19 to 55%, and when the liquid content of terephthalic acid is 13 wt% WB, the critical speed ratio is 19 to 45%.
- the critical speed ratio is preferably 19 to 40%.
- the carrier gas discharged from the dryer can be sent to a solid-gas separator, the terephthalic acid in the carrier gas can be recovered by the solid-gas separator, and the recovered terephthalic acid can be returned to the upstream reaction tank or the like. preferable.
- FIG. 16 shows a graph of the critical speed ratio and the drying speed when the filling rate is changed.
- the value of the drying speed in FIG. 16 is a relative value. Specifically, when the filling rate is 25% and the critical speed ratio is 10%, the value of the drying speed is set to 1, and the value is expressed as a relative value based on that value.
- the terephthalic acid filling rate was 15%, the contact area between the terephthalic acid and the heating tube 11 was small, so that the drying rate increased only to about 1.5 at the maximum.
- the terephthalic acid filling rate was 25%, the contact area between the terephthalic acid and the heating tube 11 increased, and the drying rate increased to a maximum of about 2.3.
- the drying speed did not increase as compared with the case of operating at a filling rate of 25%, and the maximum value of the drying speed was about 2.
- the drying rate was faster than when operating at a filling rate of 15%.
- the drying speed increased as the critical speed ratio was gradually increased from 10%, and the drying speed became the fastest between the critical speed ratios of 40% and 50%. And when the critical speed ratio was further increased, the drying speed was lowered.
- the filling rate ⁇ is 20 to 40%, the processing amount per unit cross-sectional area is increased, and the drying speed is increased. Further, since the upper limit of the filling rate ⁇ is not excessively large, a good drying rate is exhibited. More preferably, the filling rate is 25 to 30%.
- the said filling rate can be calculated
- ⁇ Ap / Af ⁇ 100 Equation 3
- ⁇ is the filling rate (%)
- Ap is the cross-sectional area occupied by terephthalic acid with respect to the free cross-sectional area (m 2 )
- Af is the total cross-sectional area of the rotating cylinder 10 subtracted from the cross-sectional area of all the heating tubes 11.
- the total cross-sectional area Af of the rotating cylinder 10 refers to a cross-sectional area inside the rotating cylinder 10 in an arbitrary cross section of the rotating cylinder 10, and does not include the area of the thick portion of the rotating cylinder 10. That is, it refers to the cross-sectional area calculated based on the inner diameter of the rotating cylinder 10.
- FIG. 17 shows the gap K between the heating tubes 11.
- the same gap K is shown by four concentric circular rows.
- the diameter of the heating tube 11 is increased toward the outside.
- the distance between adjacent heating tubes 11 (gap) K is preferably 60 to 150 mm.
- the heating tube 11 can have an appropriate diameter such that the diameter of the heating tube 11 is the same, and the gap K is increased toward the outside, for example.
- positioning form can also be taken.
- FIG. 18 shows a graph of the critical speed ratio of the rotating cylinder and the drying speed of terephthalic acid, which are experimental results.
- the value of the drying speed in FIG. 18 is a relative value. Specifically, the value of the drying speed when the gap K of the heating tube 11 is 100 mm and the critical speed ratio is 10% is defined as 1, and the relative value is expressed with reference to that value.
- the inner diameter of the rotating cylinder 10 is 1830 mm.
- the arrangement of the heating tubes 11 when the graph of FIG. 18 was created was the same as that of FIG. That is, the heating tube 11 is arranged radially from the center of the rotating cylinder 10 to the outside, and the diameter of the heating tube 11 is gradually increased from the inside to the outside.
- the gaps K of the heating tubes 11 in the first to nth rows were all made the same. For example, when the gap K between the heating tubes 11 is 50 mm, all the gaps K between the heating tubes 11 in the first to nth rows are 50 mm.
- the arrangement of the heating tube 11 is the same in FIG.
- the drying speed gradually increased. This is presumably due to the fact that the amount of terephthalic acid flowing through the gap K gradually increases and terephthalic acid is well mixed.
- the drying speed increased as the critical speed ratio was gradually increased from 10%, and the drying speed became the fastest between the critical speed ratios of 40% and 50%. And when the critical speed ratio was further increased, the drying speed was lowered.
- the distance between adjacent heating tubes 11 is preferably 60 to 150 mm, more preferably 80 to 150 mm, and the distance 80 to 100 mm. It turned out to be more preferable.
- D is the inner diameter, but a correction equation for using the outer diameter instead of the inner diameter will be described.
- the outer diameter of the rotating cylinder 10 is Do
- the plate thickness (thickness) of the rotating cylinder 10 is t
- D Do ⁇ (2 ⁇ t)
- the wall thickness t of the rotating cylinder 10 such as STD is shown.
- the thickness t tends to increase in order to maintain the strength of the rotating cylinder 10, and the actual design is generally as follows.
- the wall thickness t is 3 to 100 mm.
- the inner diameter D of the horizontal rotary dryer according to the present invention is preferably 1 m to 5 m.
- the critical speed ratio ⁇ of the rotating cylinder is the same, the smaller the inner diameter D of the rotating cylinder 10, the greater the number of rotations of the rotating cylinder 10. Therefore, when the inner diameter D is smaller than 1 m, the number of rotations of the rotary cylinder 10 is remarkably increased and electric power is applied.
- the internal diameter D is larger than 5 m, there exists a problem that a dryer enlarges and a manufacturing cost starts.
- the size and arrangement of the heating tube 11 can be selected as appropriate.
- the following is described. The knowledge that the means to do was effective was acquired.
- the heating tubes 11 are arranged radially in the rotary cylinder 10.
- terephthalic acid dust particles enters the gaps of the plurality of heating tubes 11 that have moved to the lower portion of the rotating cylinder 10, and scrapes in the rotation direction by the plurality of heating tubes 11 as the rotating cylinder 10 rotates. Raised.
- the terephthalic acid that has been lifted up to the angle of repose begins to collapse mainly when it exceeds the angle of repose, and then begins to fall. More specifically, it falls like an avalanche between a plurality of heating tubes 11 positioned above the repose angle limit, and collides with the heating tube 11 positioned below the rotating cylinder 10.
- the fallen terephthalic acid enters again into the gaps between the plurality of heating tubes 11, 11 at the bottom of the rotating cylinder 10. Since the angle at which the terephthalic acid falls and the angle at which it enters the gap between the heating tubes 11 and 11 are different, the terephthalic acid does not quickly pass through the gap between the heating tubes 11 and 11, and the outside of the heating tubes 11 and 11 (of the rotating cylinder 10). It was found that the contact efficiency between terephthalic acid and the heating tube 11 was poor. When contact efficiency is bad, the problem that the drying rate of a terephthalic acid falls arises.
- the falling terephthalic acid is the heating tube 11, 11 in the innermost row (the most central row of the rotating cylinder 10).
- the arrangement of the heating tube 11 is improved in order to solve the above problem. That is, a terephthalic acid supply port on one end side, a terephthalic acid discharge port on the other end side, a rotatable cylinder 10 rotatable around an axis, and a number of heating tubes 11, 11,... Through which a heating medium passes.
- a horizontal rotary type that is provided in the rotating cylinder 10 and heats and drys the terephthalic acid by the heating pipes 11, 11 in a process of supplying terephthalic acid to one end side of the rotating cylinder 10 and discharging it from the other end side.
- the arrangement of the heating tubes 11, 11, In the dryer, the arrangement of the heating tubes 11, 11,.
- the connecting line connecting up to the core is selected from one of the following arrangement forms (1) or (2) or an arrangement form combining these.
- Each heating tube 11, 11... Core is located on a straight line L1 directly connecting the first reference heating tube S1 core and the second reference heating tube S2 core, and further the first reference heating tube S1 core.
- Each heating tube 11, 11... Core is located on a curve L2 connecting the first reference heating tube S1 core and the second reference heating tube S2 core, and on the second reference heating tube S2 core.
- the second reference heating tube S2 core is located rearward in the rotation direction of the rotating cylinder 10 with respect to the radial radiation J1 passing through the first reference heating tube S1 core.
- positioning form which is located.
- the heating tubes 11, 11,... are arranged concentrically around the center F of the rotating cylinder 10, and the concentric circle r1 of the first reference heating tube S1 on the center side circle.
- the concentric circle r2 of the second reference heating tube S2 and the concentric circle r3 of the outermost heating tube 11 located on the outermost side of the rotary cylinder 10 are arranged on the respective concentric circles.
- the first reference heating tube S1 core (see FIG. 19 and FIG. 21) is arbitrarily selected from the row of heating tube 11 groups (“row 1”: see FIG. 20) located on the most central side of the rotating cylinder 10. This is the core of the heating tube 11 (the center of the heating tube).
- the second reference heating tube S2 core is the same from the heating tube 11 (first reference heating tube S1) located closest to the center of the rotating cylinder 10 in the “row” of the plurality of heating tubes (see FIG. 20). Counting outward along the “row”, the core of the heating tube S2 having the desired number of columns (the center of the heating tube) is designated.
- the position of the second reference heating tube S2 core depends on the flow behavior of terephthalic acid (this flow behavior depends on the physical properties (shape, size, viscosity, material type, etc.) of terephthalic acid and the operating conditions of the dryer. Depending on factors derived from it).
- the arrangement ratio ⁇ h2 (the concentric circle r2 of the second reference heating tube S2—the concentric circle r1 of the first reference (innermost) heating tube S1) / h1 (the inner surface of the rotating cylinder 10—the first reference (innermost) heating tube) It is desirable that the concentric circle r1) of S1 be more than 1/2.
- At least the section from the first reference heating pipe S1 to the second reference heating pipe S2 is the heating pipe arrangement of the first arrangement form or the second arrangement form described above.
- the present invention includes the case where the position of the second reference heating tube S2 core is on the concentric circle r3 of the outermost heating tube 11.
- the region adopting the first arrangement form or the second arrangement form can be selected as appropriate.
- the number of the heating tubes 11 is 7 in total, and the core of the second reference heating tube S2 An example is shown in the fourth column.
- FIG. 21 is an example of the first arrangement form, and the examples of FIGS. 19 and 20 are the second arrangement form.
- all seven rows are in the first arrangement form. That is, it is located on a straight line L1 that directly connects the first reference heating tube S1 core and the second reference heating tube S2 core, and further, for the radial radiation J1 passing through the first reference heating tube S1 core, the second The reference heating tube S2 core is located behind the rotating cylinder 10 in the rotation direction.
- the cores of the heating tubes 11, 11... are positioned on the curve L2 connecting the first reference heating tube S1 core and the second reference heating tube S2 core, and the second reference heating tube S2 core
- the second reference heating tube S2 core is located rearward in the rotation direction of the rotating cylinder 10 with respect to the radial radiation J1 passing through the first reference heating tube S1 core. positioned.
- the line passing through the first reference heating tube S1 core with the center point F of the rotating cylinder 10 as the starting point is set as the radial radiation J1
- the line passing through the second reference heating tube S2 core is set with the radial radiation J2.
- the distances h1 and h2 may be obtained from the distance on the radial radiation J2.
- the gap between the adjacent heating tubes 11 can be increased as it is positioned outward from the center side.
- FIGS. 19 to 21 are examples in which the gaps between adjacent heating tubes 11 are gradually increased from the center side toward the outside.
- FIG. 25 shows an example in which the inside of the heating tubes 11, 11... Is arranged in a curved shape according to the second arrangement form, and the outer part is arranged along the radial direction (radial direction).
- FIG. 22 shows an example in which the inside of the heating tubes 11, 11... Is arranged in a curved shape according to the second arrangement form, and the outer part is arranged along the radial direction (radial direction).
- the heating tubes 11, 11,... are arranged in an oblique straight line according to the first arrangement form, and the outer portion is arranged on the middle concentric circle to the outermost concentric circle through the row of oblique straight heating tubes.
- An example is shown.
- the arrangement ratio ⁇ h2 (the concentric circle r2 of the second reference heating tube S2). It is desirable that the concentric circle r1 of the first reference (innermost) heating tube S1 / h1 (inner surface of the rotary cylinder 10-concentric circle r1 of the first reference (innermost) heating tube S1) be greater than 1/2.
- the heating tube 11 By arranging the heating tube 11 in the shape of a curve or oblique straight line as described above, the direction in which terephthalic acid falls and the direction in which terephthalic acid enters between the plurality of heating tubes 11 are approximated. It enters the gaps between the plurality of heating tubes 11 and 11 without greatly changing the direction of motion.
- the terephthalic acid that has entered the gap between the heating tubes 11, 11 flows from the inside to the outside of the rotating cylinder 10 and reaches the cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder 10.
- terephthalic acid quickly passes through the gap between the heating tubes 11, and does not stay outside the heating tube 11 (center side of the rotating cylinder 10). Since the contact is improved, the drying efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since the contact area of terephthalic acid and the heating pipe
- the heating tube 11 since terephthalic acid smoothly enters the gap between the heating tubes 11, 11, the impact received by the heating tube 11 from terephthalic acid is reduced. Therefore, compared with the case where the heating tube 11 is arrange
- the terephthalic acid (powder) was crushed by colliding with the falling terephthalic acid and the heating tube 11, but according to the above-mentioned preferred form, Can be suppressed.
- the particle size distribution of the final product (dried product) can be stabilized, and the fine powder can be reduced to reduce the load on the exhaust treatment facility.
- each heating tube 11, 11 ... can be selected as appropriate.
- the number of the heating tubes 11 on the concentric circles may be the same, but when the heating tubes 11 are provided in a straight line, as shown in FIG. It is better to increase the number of the tubes 11 than the number of the heating tubes 11 from the middle of the rotating cylinder 10 to the innermost periphery.
- the distance between the adjacent heating tubes 11, 11 can be made substantially the same from the innermost periphery to the outermost periphery.
- the heat transfer area of the heating tube 11 increases, and the drying efficiency of the terephthalic acid which moved to the outer peripheral side of the rotary cylinder 10 can be improved.
- the diameter of heating tube 11 Although all the diameters of the heating tubes 11 may be the same, as shown in FIG. 20, the diameter can be gradually increased from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side of the rotating cylinder 10. Thus, by changing the diameter of the heating tube 11, the distance between the adjacent heating tubes 11 can be made substantially the same from the inner periphery to the outer periphery. By increasing the diameter of the heating tube 11 in this way, the heat transfer area of the heating tube 11 is increased, and the drying efficiency of the terephthalic acid moved to the outer peripheral side of the rotating cylinder 10 can be improved.
- the arrangement of the heating tubes 11 is represented by a “matrix”, the arrangement in the radial direction of the rotating cylinder 10 (the direction from the center side of the rotating cylinder 10 toward the outside) is “column”, and the arrangement in the circumferential direction is “row”.
- Dispersibility and flow of terephthalic acid by changing the distance between adjacent rows (eg, the distance between rows 1 and 2) and the distance between adjacent columns (eg, the distance between columns 1 and 2) You can change your gender.
- the distance between the rows is the distance between the heating tube 11 and the reference heating tube 11 in (1)
- the distance between the heating tube 11 and the reference heating tube 11 in (2) the distance between the heating tube 11 and the reference heating tube 11 in (8)
- the distance between the heating tube 11 and the reference heating tube 11 and the distance between the heating tube 11 and the reference heating tube 11 in (6) are considered, and these are set to be equal to or greater than the predetermined value.
- the distance between the heating tube 11 and the reference heating tube 11 in (3) and the distance between the heating tube 11 and the reference heating tube 11 in (7) can be considered, and these are also equal to or greater than the predetermined value. To do.
- the distance between adjacent heating tubes 11 is preferably 80 to 150 mm.
- the distance between the rows and the distance between the columns are the constraint conditions when determining the arrangement of the heating tubes 11. While following this restraint condition, in order to increase the heat transfer area as much as possible and improve the fluidity, various variations were tried by changing the diameter, the number of rows and the number of columns of the heating tube 11, and the heat transfer area was the widest.
- the product is designed by adopting an arrangement that improves fluidity. As a result of actually examining the arrangement of the heating tubes 11, when the curvature of the row is gradually increased, the diameter of the heating tube 11 is gradually decreased and the number of columns is gradually increased, so that the heat transfer area is maximized. I was able to.
- the heat transfer area could be maximized by gradually increasing the diameter of the heating tube 11 and gradually decreasing the number of columns.
- 19 to 25 show an example in which the heating tubes 11 are arranged in a plurality of rows, but as shown in FIG. 13, only one row of the heating tubes 11 may be arranged.
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Abstract
Description
また、乾燥機の大きさ(シェル径)当たりの乾燥処理量を増大できる本発明により装置の大型化に伴う前記問題を極力回避できるようにすることにある。
<請求項1記載の発明>
一端側にテレフタル酸の供給口を、他端側にテレフタル酸の排出口を有し、軸心周りに回転自在な回転筒と、加熱媒体が通る加熱管群を前記回転筒内に設け、前記回転筒の回転に伴って前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸が回転方向に掻き上げられる構成の横型回転式乾燥機を用いて、
テレフタル酸を前記回転筒の一端側に供給して他端側から排出する過程で、前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸を間接加熱して乾燥させる、テレフタル酸の乾燥方法であって、
下記式1、式2で定められる臨界速度比αが17~80%未満となるように、前記回転筒を回転して、テレフタル酸を乾燥させることを特徴とするテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
Vc=2.21D1/2 ・・・式1
α=V/Vc・100 ・・・式2
ここに、Vcは回転筒の臨界速度(m/s)、Dは回転筒の内径(m)、αは回転筒の臨界速度比(%)、Vは回転筒の回転速度(m/s)である。
従来、テレフタル酸用加熱装置の回転筒の回転数について、回転筒の内径が3.8mの場合は、回転数を2.5~3.5rpmに設定して運転を行っている。この加熱装置は、回転筒の回転により、加熱装置内部でテレフタル酸を出口へ向かって搬送する推進力を生じさせる。このとき、テレフタル酸の搬送量が多いにも関わらず回転数が低いと、加熱装置内部でテレフタル酸が溜まり過ぎて流路が詰まることがある。このようなトラブルを回避するため、テレフタル酸の流動性を鑑み、経験則に基づいて回転数を調整し、テレフタル酸の搬送量が多い場合は回転数を高め、テレフタル酸の搬送量が少ない場合は回転数を低く設定して運転を行っている。
前記横型回転式乾燥機に供給するテレフタル酸の含液率が3~19wt%W.B.である請求項1記載のテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
含液率3~19wt%W.B.のテレフタル酸を乾燥機に供給したときに、回転筒の臨界速度比αが17~80%未満となるように回転筒の回転速度を選択して回転することで、テレフタル酸の乾燥速度を従来よりも速くすることができる。
一般的に、テレフタル酸の含液率が19wt%W.B.を超えると、どろどろした粘液状になる。そのため、含液率が19%を超えるテレフタル酸を乾燥機に供給した場合、テレフタル酸が回転筒の内壁に付着して、回転筒とテレフタル酸が一緒に回転してしまう。テレフタル酸が回転筒の上方から下方へ回転筒内の空間を落下することが少ないため、テレフタル酸と加熱管群の接触面積が増えず、乾燥速度を上げることができない。
一方、テレフタル酸の含液率を3wt%W.B.未満にするためには、乾燥工程の前の脱水工程において、高機能の高価な脱水機を用いて高い負荷をかけて脱水する必要があるが、経済性や省電力等の観点から好ましくない。
下記式3で定められるテレフタル酸の充填率ηが20~40%となるように、前記回転筒内にテレフタル酸を供給する請求項1記載のテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
η=Ap/Af・100 ・・・式3
ここに、ηは充填率(%)、Apは自由断面積に対してテレフタル酸の占める断面積(m2)、Afは回転筒の全断面積から全加熱管の断面積を減算した自由断面積(m2)である。
充填率ηが20~40%であると、単位断面積当たりの処理量が多くなり、かつ、乾燥速度も速いものとなる。また、充填率ηの上限が過度に大きくないので、良好な乾燥速度を示す。より好ましい充填率ηは25~30%である。なお、回転筒の全断面積Afとは、回転筒の任意の横断面における回転筒内部の断面積のことをいい、回転筒の肉厚部分の面積は含まない。すなわち、回転筒の内径に基づいて計算する断面積をいう。
前記加熱管を放射状または同心円上に複数配置しており、隣り合う加熱管の間の離間距離が60~150mmである請求項1記載のテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
隣り合う加熱管の間の離間距離は、回転筒の回転に伴って、テレフタル酸を掬い上げる量、掬い上げたテレフタル酸が落下し、伝熱管の間に戻る量と関係し、かつ、これらは回転筒の回転速度とも関連するところ、前記離間距離は、60~150mmが適していることが知見された。
一端側にテレフタル酸の供給口を、他端側にテレフタル酸の排出口を有し、軸心周りに回転自在な回転筒と、加熱媒体が通る加熱管群を前記回転筒内に設け、前記回転筒の回転に伴って前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸が回転方向に掻き上げられる構成とされ、
テレフタル酸を前記回転筒の一端側に供給して他端側から排出する過程で、前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸を間接加熱して乾燥させる横型回転式乾燥機であって、
下記式1、式2で定められる臨界速度比αが17~80%未満となるように、回転筒を回転できる構成であることを特徴とする横型回転式乾燥機。
Vc=2.21D1/2 ・・・式1
α=V/Vc・100 ・・・式2
ここに、Vcは回転筒の臨界速度(m/s)、Dは回転筒の内径(m)、αは回転筒の臨界速度比(%)、Vは回転筒の回転速度(m/s)である。
装置の観点から、請求項1と同様の作用効果を奏する。
前記横型回転式乾燥機は、前記回転筒の回転軸が水平面に対して傾斜して設けられ、前記回転筒の一端側が他端側よりも高く位置しており、
前記回転軸と水平面の間の傾斜角が0.057~2.86度である請求項5記載の横型回転式乾燥機。
回転筒の臨界速度比αが17~80%未満となるように回転筒を回転した場合、回転筒の回転速度が従来よりも速いため、テレフタル酸を一端側から他端側へ移動させる推進力が従来よりも強くなる。
一般的に横型回転式乾燥機の回転筒は水平面に対して傾斜して設けられている。これは、一端側から他端側へ被処理物(テレフタル酸等)を移動しやすくするためである。被処理物を一端側から他端側へ移動させる推進力が弱い場合は、この傾斜角を大きくしなければならないが、本発明のように推進力が強い場合は、この傾斜角を小さくすることができる。傾斜角を小さくするほど回転筒に生じる軸方向荷重を支持する部品(スラストローラー)を小型化でき、安価なものとすることができるという利点がある。
一般的な横型回転式乾燥機の回転筒の傾斜角は0.57~5.7度であるが、本発明では0.057~2.86度にすることができる。
一般に、乾燥機を用いた被処理物Wの乾燥速度は、下記の式4のように表すことができる。
Q=Uoa×Aef×Tln ・・・式4
ここに、Qは伝熱量(W)であり、Uoaは総括伝熱係数(W/m2-K)であり、Aefは有効接触伝熱面積(m2)であり、Tlnは温度差(℃)である。
本発明者は、総括伝熱係数Uoa及び有効接触伝熱面積Aefに着目し、これらを高めるために、伝熱面と被乾燥物との相対的接触速度をより速くすること、およびテレフタル酸の分散を良くして伝熱面とテレフタル酸との有効接触伝熱面積をより増大させることを考えた。実際に各種の実験・検討を行ったところ、本発明の手法の有効性を明確に確認できた。
まず、被処理物W(乾燥対象物)としてテレフタル酸(1,4-ベンゼンジカルボン酸)を挙げることができる。このテレフタル酸は、パラキシレンの液相空気酸化法で製造することができる。具体的には、コバルトやマンガンを触媒として臭素化合物を助触媒に用いて、酢酸溶媒中、降温・高圧で空気を酸化する。そのほか、パラキシレンを原料とする硝酸酸化法、フタル酸または安息香酸のカリウム塩を原料とするヘルケル法等で製造しても良い。
本発明の中位径(「メジアン径」ともいう。)は、例えばレーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(例えば、商品名SALD-3100、島津製作所社製)を用いて粒度分布を測定し、累積体積が50%に相当する時の粒子径を中位径(D50)として定める。
次に、本発明に係る横型回転式乾燥機(以下、「STD(Steam Tube Dryerの略称)」ともいう。)について説明する。この横型回転式乾燥機の構造は、図1に例示するように、円筒状の回転筒10を有し、この回転筒10の軸心RAが水平面HPに対して若干傾くようにして設置されており、回転筒10の一端が他端よりも高く位置している。本発明においては、前記回転軸RAと水平面HPの間の傾斜角θを0.057~2.86度にすることが好ましい。回転筒10の下方には、2台の支持ユニット20及びモーターユニット30が回転筒10を支持するようにして設置されており、回転筒10は、モーターユニット30によって、自身の軸心回りに回転自在とされている。この回転筒10は、一方向に回転するようになっている。その方向は任意に定めることができ、例えば、他端側(テレフタル酸の排出口側)から一端側(テレフタル酸の供給口側)を見て、反時計回り(矢印R方向)に回転させることができる。
図1において、開口50は目視できるよう図示されているが、実際には、たとえば図4に示す分級フード55などで覆われている。分級フード55の下部には、処理物Eを排出する排出口55が形成されている。
回転筒10内を一端側まで流通したキャリアガスAは、この開口41を通じて機外へ排出される。
次に、図1~図3を参照しながら、横型回転式乾燥機でテレフタル酸を乾燥する過程を説明する。
本発明に係る横型回転式乾燥機の変形例を説明する。
横型回転式乾燥機へテレフタル酸を供給する方式には、前記スクリュー式(図2)のほか、シュート式(図5)や振動トラフ式(図6)を例示できる。シュート式では、供給シュート46が吸気ボックス45と結合しており、供給口41から供給したテレフタル酸が、供給シュート46内を落下し、回転筒10内へ移動する。吸気ボックス45がシールパッキン47を介して回転筒10に接続しており、回転筒10と吸気ボックス45間のシールを維持しながら、回転筒10が回転する構造になっている。振動トラフ式では、吸気ボックス45がトラフ(断面形状が凹状)であり、その吸気ボックス45の下端に振動モータ48とばね49が結合している。供給口41から供給したテレフタル酸は、トラフの上に落下する。そして、振動モータ48により吸気ボックス45が振動することにより、テレフタル酸が回転筒10内へと移動する。吸気ボックス45を取り付ける際は、テレフタル酸が移動しやすいように、回転筒10へ向かって下る傾斜を持たせると良い。
回転筒10の断面形状は、後述する円形のほか、矩形にしても良い。矩形の例として、六角形の回転筒10を図7に示す。矩形の回転筒10を回転すると、回転筒10の角部15によりテレフタル酸が持ち上がるため、テレフタル酸の混合が良くなる。一方で、円形の場合に比べて、回転筒10の断面積が狭くなるため、配置する加熱管11の数が減るというデメリットも存在する。なお、矩形の角部の数(辺の数)は変更でき、より詳しくは、角部の数を3つ以上の任意の数にすることができる。
横型回転式乾燥機から処理物Eを排出する方式としては、図9のような形態も採用できる。このような形態において、キャリアガスAは、ケーシング80の上部のキャリアガス供給口33から隔壁23の内側へ送り込まれる。このキャリアガスAが再利用ガスである場合は、キャリアガスA中に粉塵等が含まれているが、隔壁23の内側、すなわちガス通路U2には、リボンスクリューZが配されているため、ガスに混入している粉塵等は、このリボンスクリューZによって捕捉される。捕捉された粉塵等は、リボンスクリューZの送り作用により開口部22へ向かって送られ、ケーシング80内へ排出される。排出された粉塵等は、自由落下によりケーシング下方の排出口32から排出される。一方、キャリアガスAの粉塵等以外の気体は、リボンスクリューZによって妨げられることなく、回転筒10内へ送られる。
そのほか、回転筒10の支持構造は、回転筒10の外周に2つのタイヤ部材20、20を取り付ける前記支持構造のほか、一端側に設けたスクリューケーシング42と、他端側に設けたガス管72の外周にベアリング(図示しない)を取り付け、このベアリングを支持する構造や、前記タイヤ部材25とベアリングを組み合わせる支持構造にしても良い。
本発明は、テレフタル酸の乾燥速度を上げるため、従来の横型回転式乾燥機よりも、回転筒10を高速で回転させる。この回転速度の決定方法について、以下に説明する。
横型回転式乾燥機の処理負荷PLを決定する。具体的には、テレフタル酸の種類、含液率(wt%W.B.)、目標の処理量(kg/h)等を基に、負荷PLを算出する。
小型の横型回転式乾燥機を実験機として用いて、単位負荷当たりのテレフタル酸の乾燥速度Rdを調査する。
前記工程2で調査したテレフタル酸の乾燥速度Rdを基にして、回転筒10のサイズを決定する。
回転筒10の回転数を決定する。従来の回転数決定法は、重要な基準として回転筒10の回転速度(本発明では、「回転速度」を「周速」ともいう。)を用いており、具体的には、下記式5を用いて回転数を決定していた。なお、回転速度Vの値は、約0.1~0.7[m/s]の範囲内で経験則に基づいて決定していた。
N=(V×60)/(D×π) ・・・式5
ここに、Nは回転筒10の回転数(r.p.m.)であり、Vは回転筒10の回転速度(m/s)であり、Dは回転筒10の内径(m)である。
N=V/Vc×Nc ・・・式6
ここに、Nは回転筒10の回転数(r.p.m.)であり、Vは回転筒10の回転速度(m/s)であり、Vcは回転筒10の臨界速度(m/s)であり、Ncは回転筒10の臨界回転数(r.p.m.)である。
前記式6の「臨界速度」と「臨界回転数」について詳述する。図12を参照すると、「臨界速度」は、横型回転式乾燥機内で、テレフタル酸の重力とテレフタル酸に作用する遠心力がつり合う回転速度であり、理論上、テレフタル酸が回転筒10と共廻りする回転筒10の回転速度をいう。なお、rωは速度を表す。また、「臨界速度比」とは、前記臨界速度に対する実際の回転速度の比をいう。
臨界速度について、詳述する。臨界速度は、テレフタル酸の重力(mg)と遠心力(mrω2)が同じであるため、下記の式7が成り立つ。
mg=mrω2 ・・・式7
ここに、mはテレフタル酸の質量(kg)、gは重力加速度(m/s2)、rは回転筒10の半径(m)、ωは角速度(rad/s)である。
g=r(Vc/r)2 ・・・式8
ここに、gは重力加速度(m/s2)であり、rは回転筒10の半径(m)であり、Vcは回転筒10の臨界速度(m/s)である。
Vc=(rg)1/2=(D/2・g)1/2=2.21D1/2
Vc=2.21D1/2 ・・・式1
ここに、Vcは回転筒10の臨界速度(m/s)、Dは回転筒10の内径(m)である。
次に、回転筒の臨界速度比について説明する。回転筒の臨界速度比αは、臨界速度(Vc)に対する実際の回転速度Vの比を指すため、下記式2によって表すことができる。
α=V/Vc・100 ・・・式2
ここに、αは回転筒10の臨界速度比(%)、Vは回転筒10の回転速度(m/s)、Vcは回転筒10の臨界速度(m/s)である。
なお、臨界速度における回転筒10の回転数を「臨界回転数」といい、下記式9により求めることができる。
Nc=Vc・60/(πD)=2.21D1/2・60/(πD)=42.2/D1/2
Nc=42.2/D1/2 ・・・式9
ここに、Ncは回転筒10の臨界回転数(r.p.m.)、Vcは回転筒10の臨界速度(m/s)、Dは回転筒10の内径(m)である。
回転筒10の内径が370mmの横型回転式乾燥機を用いて、回転筒の臨界速度比α(%)とテレフタル酸の乾燥速度Rdの関係について実験を行った。回転筒10内に配置する加熱管11の隙間Kは60mmである。
なお、図13で回転筒10内に記載した実線の矢印は、テレフタル酸が落下する方向を表しており、破線の矢印は、加熱管11が移動する方向を表している。
回転筒10の内径が1830mmの横型回転式乾燥機を用いて、回転筒の臨界速度比α(%)とテレフタル酸の乾燥速度Rdの関係性について実験を行った。この実験では、含液率が異なる4種類の試料(テレフタル酸)を横型回転式乾燥機にバッチ式で投入した。各テレフタル酸の含液率は、テレフタル酸1が5wt%W.B.、テレフタル酸2が9wt%W.B.、テレフタル酸3が13wt%W.B.、テレフタル酸4が17wt%W.B.である。
次に、回転筒10の内径が異なる2つの横型回転式乾燥機を用いて、回転筒の臨界速度比α(%)とテレフタル酸の乾燥速度Rdの関係性を調べた。回転筒10の内径は、それぞれ370mmと1830mmである。この実験では、含水率9wt%w.b.のテレフタル酸を横型回転式乾燥機にバッチ式で投入した。実験結果を図15に示す。なお、図15の乾燥速度の値は、相対数値である。詳しくは、臨界速度比が10%のときの乾燥速度の値を1と定め、その値を基準にした相対数値で表している。
次に、回転筒10内のテレフタル酸の充填率を変えた場合における回転筒の臨界速度比α(%)とテレフタル酸の乾燥速度Rdの関係性を調べた。具体的には、内径370mmの横型回転式乾燥機にテレフタル酸を13kg/h投入して実験を行った。回転筒10に配置する加熱管11の隙間Kは60mmである。また、このテレフタル酸の中位径は120mmである。
η=Ap/Af・100 ・・・式3
ここに、ηは充填率(%)、Apは自由断面積に対してテレフタル酸の占める断面積(m2)、Afは回転筒10の全断面積から全加熱管11の断面積を減算した自由断面積(m2)である。なお、回転筒10の全断面積Afは、回転筒10の任意の横断面における回転筒10内部の断面積のことをいい、回転筒10の肉厚部分の面積は含まない。すなわち、回転筒10の内径に基づいて計算する断面積をいう。
図17に加熱管11の隙間Kを示す。この例においては、隙間Kは4つの同心円列ですべて同一の例が示されている。このために、加熱管11の径を外側ほど大きくしてある。隣接する加熱管11の間(隙間)Kの距離は60~150mmにすることが好ましい。もちろん、加熱管11の径は同一径とする、隙間Kはたとえば外側ほど大きくするなど、適宜の変形が可能である。また、後述する第1の配置形態又は第2の配置形態を採ることもできる。
前記の各説明や各式においては、回転筒10の内径Dを用いており、外径は用いなかった。しかし、前記各式を補正して、外径を用いても良い。この点について、以下に詳述する。
D=Do-(2×t) ・・・式10
Vc=2.21D1/2 ・・・式1
Vc=2.21×(Do-2×t)1/2
本発明において加熱管11にサイズ及び配置は適宜選択できるものの、本発明者らの高速回転化を指向する過程の中で、主に接触効率を高め、もって乾燥速度を高めるためには、次述する手段が有効であるとの知見を得た。
従来は、図26に示すように、回転筒10内に加熱管11を放射状に配置していた。回転筒10内では、テレフタル酸(粉粒体)が回転筒10下部に移行した複数の加熱管11の隙間に入り込み、回転筒10の回転に伴って、複数の加熱管11により回転方向に掻き上げられる。安息角まで掻き上げられたテレフタル酸は、主に安息角を越えた時点から崩落し始め、落下運動に転じる。より詳しくは、安息角限を超えて、より上方に位置する複数の加熱管11の間から雪崩のように落下し、回転筒10下部に位置する加熱管11に衝突する。
すなわち、一端側にテレフタル酸の供給口を、他端側にテレフタル酸の排出口を有し、軸心周りに回転自在な回転筒10と、加熱媒体が通る多数の加熱管11、11…を前記回転筒10内に設け、テレフタル酸を前記回転筒10の一端側に供給して他端側から排出する過程で、前記加熱管11、11…によりテレフタル酸を加熱して乾燥させる横型回転式乾燥機において、加熱管11、11…の配置は、次の配置形態が望ましいのである。
前記加熱管11、11…群が、前記回転筒10の中心を中心とする実質的に同心円状に配置され、その中心側円上の第1基準加熱管S1芯から、第2基準加熱管S2芯までを繋ぐ繋ぎ線が、次記(1)または(2)の配置形態の一つ又はこれらを組み合わせた配置形態から選択されるものである。
(1)各加熱管11、11…芯が、第1基準加熱管S1芯と第2基準加熱管S2芯とを直接繋ぐ直線L1上に位置しており、さらに、第1基準加熱管S1芯を通る半径放射線J1に対して、前記第2基準加熱管S2芯が、回転筒10の回転方向後方に位置している第1配置形態。
(2)各加熱管11、11…芯が、第1基準加熱管S1芯と第2基準加熱管S2芯とを繋ぐ曲線L2上に位置しており、かつ、第2基準加熱管S2芯に向かうほど回転筒10の回転方向後方に位置しており、さらに、第1基準加熱管S1芯を通る半径放射線J1に対して、第2基準加熱管S2芯が、回転筒10の回転方向後方に位置している第2配置形態。
そのほか、本発明の別の好適な形態の下では、回転筒10の回転軸の同心円上において、中心側から外側に位置するに従って、隣り合う加熱管11の隙間を大きくした配置とすることもできる。図19~図21は、中心側から外側へ向かうに従って、隣り合う加熱管11の隙間を次第に大きくする配置とした例である。
前記のように加熱管11を曲線状または斜め直線状に配置することで、テレフタル酸が落下する方向とテレフタル酸が複数の加熱管11の間に入り込む方向が近似し、落下したテレフタル酸はその運動方向を大きく変えずに複数の加熱管11、11の隙間に入り込む。加熱管11、11の隙間に入り込んだテレフタル酸は、回転筒10の内側から外側へと流れ、回転筒10の筒壁に到達する。加熱管11の配置を選定することで、加熱管11の隙間をテレフタル酸が速やかに通過し、加熱管11の外側(回転筒10の中心側)に滞留せず、テレフタル酸と加熱管11の接触が良くなるため、乾燥効率を向上させることができる。また、テレフタル酸と加熱管11の接触面積が増大し、両者の接触時間も増えるため、この点からも乾燥効率を向上させることができる。
同心円上にある加熱管11の本数を全て同じにしても良いが、加熱管11を直線状に設けた場合には、図24に示すように、回転筒10の最外周から中間付近までの加熱管11の本数を、回転筒10の中間付近から最内周までの加熱管11の本数より多くした方が良い。このように、中間付近から最外周までの加熱管11の本数を増やすことで、隣り合う加熱管11、11の間の距離を最内周から最外周までほぼ同じにすることができる。そして、加熱管11の本数を増やすことで、加熱管11の伝熱面積が増え、回転筒10の外周側へ移動したテレフタル酸の乾燥効率を向上させることができる。
加熱管11の直径を全て同じにしても良いが、図20に示すように、回転筒10の内周側から外周側へ向かうに連れて、次第に直径を大きくすることもできる。このように、加熱管11の直径を変えることで、隣り合う加熱管11の間の距離を内周から外周までほぼ同じにすることができる。このように加熱管11の直径を大きくすることで、加熱管11の伝熱面積が増え、回転筒10の外周側へ移動したテレフタル酸の乾燥効率を向上させることができる。
加熱管11の配列の決定方法について、図20を参照しながら説明する。なお、加熱管11の配列を「行列」で表し、回転筒10の径方向(回転筒10の中心側から外側へ向かう方向)の配列を「列」とし、円周方向の配列を「行」とする。
なお、図19~図25では、加熱管11を複数列配置した例を示したが、図13に例示するように、加熱管11を1列だけ配置しても良い。
11 スチームチューブ(加熱管)
41 供給口
50 排出口
55 分級フード
56 固定排気口
57 固定排出口
60 掻上板
65 撹拌手段
A キャリアガス
E 処理物
W 被処理物(テレフタル酸)
Claims (6)
- 一端側にテレフタル酸の供給口を、他端側にテレフタル酸の排出口を有し、軸心周りに回転自在な回転筒と、加熱媒体が通る加熱管群を前記回転筒内に設け、前記回転筒の回転に伴って前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸が回転方向に掻き上げられる構成の横型回転式乾燥機を用いて、
テレフタル酸を前記回転筒の一端側に供給して他端側から排出する過程で、前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸を間接加熱して乾燥させる、テレフタル酸の乾燥方法であって、
下記式1、式2で定められる臨界速度比αが17~80%未満となるように、前記回転筒を回転して、テレフタル酸を乾燥させることを特徴とするテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
Vc=2.21D1/2 ・・・式1
α=V/Vc・100 ・・・式2
ここに、Vcは回転筒の臨界速度(m/s)、Dは回転筒の内径(m)、αは回転筒の臨界速度比(%)、Vは回転筒の回転速度(m/s)である。 - 前記横型回転式乾燥機に供給するテレフタル酸の含液率が3~19wt%W.B.である請求項1記載のテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
- 下記式3で定められるテレフタル酸の充填率ηが20~40%となるように、前記回転筒内にテレフタル酸を供給する請求項1記載のテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
η=Ap/Af・100 ・・・式3
ここに、ηは充填率(%)、Apは自由断面積に対してテレフタル酸の占める断面積(m2)、Afは回転筒の全断面積から全加熱管の断面積を減算した自由断面積(m2)である。 - 前記加熱管を放射状または同心円上に複数配置しており、隣り合う加熱管の間の離間距離が60~150mmである請求項1記載のテレフタル酸の乾燥方法。
- 一端側にテレフタル酸の供給口を、他端側にテレフタル酸の排出口を有し、軸心周りに回転自在な回転筒と、加熱媒体が通る加熱管群を前記回転筒内に設け、前記回転筒の回転に伴って前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸が回転方向に掻き上げられる構成とされ、
テレフタル酸を前記回転筒の一端側に供給して他端側から排出する過程で、前記加熱管群によりテレフタル酸を間接加熱して乾燥させる横型回転式乾燥機であって、
下記式1、式2で定められる臨界速度比αが17~80%未満となるように、回転筒を回転できる構成であることを特徴とする横型回転式乾燥機。
Vc=2.21D1/2 ・・・式1
α=V/Vc・100 ・・・式2
ここに、Vcは回転筒の臨界速度(m/s)、Dは回転筒の内径(m)、αは回転筒の臨界速度比(%)、Vは回転筒の回転速度(m/s)である。 - 前記横型回転式乾燥機は、前記回転筒の回転軸が水平面に対して傾斜して設けられ、前記回転筒の一端側が他端側よりも高く位置しており、
前記回転軸と水平面の間の傾斜角が0.057~2.86度である請求項5記載の横型回転式乾燥機。
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| KR1020177007582A KR102452133B1 (ko) | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-09 | 테레프탈산의 건조 방법 및 횡형 회전식 건조기 |
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| US10371444B2 (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| TW201710635A (zh) | 2017-03-16 |
| KR20180051428A (ko) | 2018-05-16 |
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