WO2016208150A1 - 有機無機複合体 - Google Patents
有機無機複合体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016208150A1 WO2016208150A1 PCT/JP2016/002875 JP2016002875W WO2016208150A1 WO 2016208150 A1 WO2016208150 A1 WO 2016208150A1 JP 2016002875 W JP2016002875 W JP 2016002875W WO 2016208150 A1 WO2016208150 A1 WO 2016208150A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/48—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
- C08G77/58—Metal-containing linkages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
- C08F299/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates
- C08F299/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates from polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/06—Preparatory processes
- C08G77/08—Preparatory processes characterised by the catalysts used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/20—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/14—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/72—Cured, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition containing an organic component and an inorganic component in one layer and capable of forming a thin film of an organic-inorganic composite whose surface is mineralized.
- trifunctional silanes are mainly used as raw materials for commercially available silane-based coating agents, and polysiloxanes having appropriate hardness and flexibility are formed by such trifunctional silanes.
- the film of trifunctional silane still lacks hard coat properties, and in order to compensate for this, trifunctional silane and colloidal silica are mixed with trifunctional silane.
- an antifouling film-forming composition containing a trifunctional alkoxysilane compound having an epoxy group has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the present inventors have so far irradiated the organic silicon compound with ultraviolet light in the presence of the photosensitive compound, so that the surface has a very high hardness, and the inside and the back side have an appropriate hardness,
- an organic-inorganic composite having excellent adhesion to the base material is provided (Patent Document 2), and further, the surface of the polysiloxane-based organic-inorganic composite is blended with an acrylate-based resin that is an ultraviolet curable resin.
- Patent Document 3 an organic-inorganic composite having a very high hardness and excellent adhesion to a substrate and moisture resistance
- An object of this invention is to provide the composition for organic-inorganic composite formation which can form the organic-inorganic composite with less yellow coloring than before, maintaining surface hardness.
- the present invention (1) a) Formula (I) in the presence of a zirconium complex R n SiX 4-n (I) (In the formula, R represents an organic group in which a carbon atom is directly bonded to Si in the formula, X represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group independently.
- N represents 1 or 2; R may be the same or different.
- a condensate of an organosilicon compound represented by formula (I) obtained by condensing an organosilicon compound represented by b) an electromagnetic radiation curable compound, and c) a photopolymerization initiator,
- a composition for forming an organic-inorganic composite comprising: (2) At least one of the organosilicon compounds represented by the formula (I) is represented by the formula (I-1) R 1 n SiX 4-n (I-1) (In the formula, n represents 1 or 2, and when n is 2, R 1 may be the same or different from each other, and R 1 is an organic group in which a carbon atom is directly bonded to Si in the formula.
- R 1 represents a vinyl group-containing hydrocarbon group
- X represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, respectively.
- Composition for forming an inorganic composite (3) An organosilicon compound represented by the formula (I) is Formula (I-1) with an amount that satisfies the following formula (1) R 1 n SiX 4-n (I-1) (In the formula, n represents 1 or 2, and when n is 2, R 1 may be the same or different from each other, and R 1 is an organic group in which a carbon atom is directly bonded to Si in the formula.
- at least one of R 1 represents a vinyl group-containing hydrocarbon group, each X independently represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- the composition for forming an organic-inorganic composite according to the above (1) which is an organosilicon compound smaller than the solubility parameter (SP2) of
- an organic-inorganic composite having excellent adhesion to a substrate, heat yellowing resistance, and light yellowing resistance and having high surface hardness and transparency can be provided.
- Organosilicon compound used in the present invention is an organosilicon compound represented by the following formula (I). Two or more kinds of the organosilicon compounds of the present invention can be mixed and used.
- R represents an organic group in which a carbon atom is directly bonded to Si in the formula, and X independently represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- n represents 1 or 2, and when n is 2, each R may be the same or different.
- examples of the “organic group in which a carbon atom is directly bonded to Si” represented by R include an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group.
- the hydrocarbon group of the “optionally substituted hydrocarbon group” is usually a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, such as an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkylalkyl group, an alkenyl group, An alkynyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, etc. are mentioned.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and 2 to 10 carbon atoms are preferable.
- the “hydrocarbon group” may contain an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a silicon atom.
- alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, Examples include isopentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, n-nonyl group, isononyl group, n-decyl group and the like.
- cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms examples include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, and the like.
- alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms include a vinyl group, 1-propen-1-yl group, 2-propen-1-yl group, 1-propen-2-yl group, 1-buten-1-yl group, 2-buten-1-yl group, 3-buten-1-yl group, 1-buten-2-yl group, 3-buten-2-yl group, 1-pentene-1 -Yl group, 4-penten-1-yl group, 1-penten-2-yl group, 4-penten-2-yl group, 3-methyl-1-buten-1-yl group, 1-hexene-1- Yl group, 5-hexen-1-yl group, 1-hepten-1-yl group, 6-hepten-1-yl group, 1-octen-1-yl group, 7-octen-1-yl group, etc. It is done.
- C3-C8 cycloalkenyl group examples include 1-cyclopenten-1-yl group, 2-cyclopenten-1-yl group, 1-cyclohexen-1-yl group, and 2-cyclohexene- Examples thereof include a 1-yl group and a 3-cyclohexen-1-yl group.
- alkynyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms include ethynyl group, 1-propyn-1-yl group, 2-propyn-1-yl group, 1-butyn-1-yl group, 3- Butyn-1-yl group, 1-pentyn-1-yl group, 4-pentyn-1-yl group, 1-hexyn-1-yl group, 5-hexyn-1-yl group, 1-heptin-1-yl Group, 1-octyn-1-yl group, 7-octyn-1-yl group and the like.
- cycloalkylalkyl group examples include a group in which a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are bonded.
- aryl group means a monocyclic or polycyclic aryl group. In the case of a polycyclic aryl group, a group having a partially saturated ring in addition to a fully unsaturated ring is also included. Specific examples include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, an indenyl group, an indanyl group, and a tetralinyl group, and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable.
- arylalkyl group examples include a group in which an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are bonded.
- arylalkenyl group examples include a group in which an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms are bonded.
- hydrocarbon group having an oxygen atom examples include an alkoxyalkyl group; a group having an oxirane ring (epoxy group) such as an epoxy group, an epoxyalkyl group, or a glycidoxyalkyl group; an acryloxymethyl group, a methacryloxymethyl group, etc. Is mentioned.
- examples of the “alkoxyalkyl group” include a group in which an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms are bonded.
- the “epoxyalkyl group” is preferably an epoxyalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, specifically, a glycidyl group, a glycidylmethyl group, a 2-glycidylethyl group, a 3-glycidylpropyl group, a 4-glycidylbutyl group, Linear alkyl group containing an epoxy group such as 3,4-epoxybutyl group, 4,5-epoxypentyl group, 5,6-epoxyhexyl group; ⁇ -methylglycidyl group, ⁇ -ethylglycidyl group, ⁇ - Propyl glycidyl group, 2-glycidyl propyl group, 2-glycidyl butyl group, 3-glycid
- hydrocarbon group having a nitrogen atom As the “hydrocarbon group having a nitrogen atom”, —NR ′ 2 (wherein R ′ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, and each R ′ may be the same as or different from each other). Or —N ⁇ CR ′′ 2 (wherein R ′′ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, and each R ′′ may be the same as or different from each other).
- R ′ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, and each R ′′ may be the same as or different from each other.
- specific examples of the group having —NR ′ 2 include an aminomethyl group, a 1-aminoethyl group, and an N-methylaminomethyl group.
- Examples of the above-mentioned “optionally substituted” substituent include a halogeno group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, and a methacryloxy group.
- Examples of the alkyl group, alkenyl group, and aryl group include the same hydrocarbon groups as those in R.
- a group having a vinyl group or an oxirane ring is a preferable group from the viewpoint of mineralization of the surface of the organic-inorganic composite.
- n 1 or 2
- n is particularly preferably 1.
- each R may be the same or different.
- each X independently represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- a hydrolyzable group is, for example, a group that can be hydrolyzed to form a silanol group or a siloxane condensate by heating at 25 ° C. to 100 ° C. in the presence of no catalyst and excess water.
- an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a halogeno group, an isocyanate group, an amino group, a substituted amino group, and the like examples include an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an acyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Groups are preferred.
- C 1-4 alkoxy group examples include methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, t-butoxy group and the like.
- acyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms examples include an acetoxy group and a benzoyloxy group.
- halogeno group examples include a fluoro group, a chloro group, a bromo group, and an iodo group.
- organosilicon compound represented by the formula (I) include methyltrichlorosilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltributoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriisopropoxysilane, ethyl Tributoxysilane, butyltrimethoxysilane, pentafluorophenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, nonafluorobutylethyldimethoxysilane, trifluoromethyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldiaminosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, dimethyldiacetoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxy Silane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, dibutyldimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (meth) acryloxy-n-propyltrime
- a mixture of specific organosilicon compounds That is, a mixture of the organosilicon compound represented by the formula (I-1) and the organosilicon compound represented by the formula (I-2) in an amount satisfying the following formula (1).
- n 1 or 2, and when n is 2, R 1 may be the same or different from each other, and R 1 is a carbon atom directly bonded to Si in the formula an organic group, one or more of R 1 represents a vinyl group-containing hydrocarbon group.
- X represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and may be the same or different from each other.
- n represents 1 or 2, and when n is 2, R 2 may be the same or different, and R 2 has a carbon atom directly bonded to Si in the formula, An organic group other than a vinyl group-containing hydrocarbon group is represented.
- X represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group, and may be the same or different from each other.
- Examples of the organic group and hydrolyzable group in R 1 include the same organic groups as the organic group and hydrolyzable group in formula (I).
- Examples of the vinyl group-containing hydrocarbon group in R 1 include alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and cycloalkenyl groups having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (I-1) include vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltributoxysilane, vinyltriisopropoxysilane, allyltrimethoxysilane, 3 -Butenyltrimethoxysilane, 2-cyclopropenyltrimethoxysilane, 2-cyclopentenyltrimethoxysilane, 2-cyclohexenyltrimethoxysilane, divinyldiaminosilane, divinyldichlorosilane, divinyldiacetoxysilane, divinyldimethoxysilane, diallyldimethoxy Examples thereof include silane, di (3-butenyl) dimethoxysilane, and allylethyltriethoxysilane.
- the compound represented by the formula (I-2) include methyltrichlorosilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltributoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriisopropoxysilane, ethyl Tributoxysilane, n-butyltrimethoxysilane, pentafluorophenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, nonafluorobutylethyltrimethoxysilane, trifluoromethyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldiaminosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, dimethyldiacetoxysilane , Dimethyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, dibutyldimethoxysilane, trimethylchlorosilane, 3- (meth) acryloxy-n-propyl
- a mixture of vinyltrimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloxy-n-propyltrimethoxysilane for example, a mixture of vinyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidoxy-n-propyltrimethoxysilane, and the like are preferable.
- the zirconium complex used in the present invention is a metal complex composed of a chelate ligand and zirconium which may be coordinated as a ligand by a ⁇ -bonding ligand or a Lewis base.
- the chelating ligand is an essential ligand for increasing the reactivity of the zirconium complex. Examples of chelating ligands include ⁇ -ketoester compounds, ⁇ -ketocarbonyl compounds, and ⁇ -hydroxyester compounds.
- Examples of ⁇ -ketoester compounds include methyl acetoacetate, n-propyl acetoacetate, isopropyl acetoacetate, n-butyl acetoacetate, sec-butyl acetoacetate, t-butyl acetoacetate, and the like, , Acetylacetone, hexane-2,4-dione, heptane-2,4-dione, heptane-3,5-dione, octane-2,4-dione, nonane-2,4-dione, 5-methyl-hexane -2,4-dione and the like, and examples of the ⁇ -hydroxyester compound include glycolic acid and lactic acid.
- the sigma-binding ligand include a halogeno group, an alkoxy group, and an acyloxy group.
- the Lewis base include amines, ethers, and phosphines.
- amines include ammonia, methylamine, aniline, dimethylamine, diethylamine, N-methylaniline, diphenylamine, N, N-dimethylaniline, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, pyridine, and the like.
- Examples include diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran
- examples of phosphines include triethylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, and diphenylphosphine.
- the zirconium complex include tetrakis (2,4-pentandionato) zirconium and tributoxy (2,4-pentandionato) zirconium.
- the zirconium complex of the present invention preferably has an average particle size of 20 nm or less, and more preferably 10 nm or less. Thereby, the transparency of the organic-inorganic composite can be improved.
- Condensate of organosilicon compound represented by formula (I) The condensate of organosilicon compound represented by formula (I) constituting the organic-inorganic composite-forming composition of the present invention is a zirconium complex. It is obtained by condensing an organosilicon compound represented by the formula (I) in the presence.
- an organic silicon compound is dissolved in an organic solvent as necessary, and a predetermined amount of water is added in the presence of a zirconium complex to perform (partial) hydrolysis reaction and condensation reaction.
- Condensates of compounds can be prepared.
- the organic solvent to be used is not particularly limited.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and octane
- alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and cyclopentane.
- Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide; dimethyl sulfoxide And the like; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol; and polyhydric alcohol derivatives such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate. These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compounding amount of the organosilicon compound is 2 to 98% by mass, preferably 5 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 30% by mass with respect to the total solid content in the composition for forming an organic-inorganic composite.
- the amount of the zirconium complex added depends on the type, but generally the metal atom in the zirconium complex is 0.01 to 0.5 molar equivalent, preferably 0.05, relative to Si in the organosilicon compound. ⁇ 0.2 molar equivalents.
- the amount of the predetermined amount of water is 0.1 to 5 mol, preferably 0.5 to 3 mol, relative to 1 mol of the organosilicon compound.
- the temperature during the reaction is 10 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time is 1 hour to 100 hours, preferably 8 hours to 80 hours.
- the average particle size of the condensate of the organosilicon compound is preferably 2 nm to 100 nm, and more preferably 5 nm to 30 nm. When the average particle size is larger than 100 nm, the forming composition itself becomes unstable and easily gels, and the obtained organic-inorganic composite becomes cloudy. If the average particle size is smaller than 2 nm, the coating properties may be adversely affected.
- the electromagnetic radiation curable compound used in the present invention is a compound or resin having a functional group that causes a polymerization reaction upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation.
- electromagnetic radiation ultraviolet rays, X-rays, radiation, ionizing radiation, ionizing radiation ( ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, neutron rays, electron beams) can be used, and light having a wavelength of 350 nm or less is preferable.
- Irradiation of electromagnetic radiation can be performed using a known apparatus such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, an excimer lamp, a carbon arc lamp, or a xenon arc lamp.
- a light source including light of any wavelength in the range of 150 to 350 nm and more preferably a light source including light of any wavelength in the range of 250 to 310 nm.
- the amount of light irradiated to sufficiently cure the organic-inorganic composite-forming composition is about 0.1 to 100 J / cm 2
- the curing efficiency of the composition irradiation energy and curing of the composition
- it is preferably about 0.4 to 10 J / cm 2 , and more preferably about 0.4 to 5 J / cm 2 .
- the electromagnetic radiation curable compound examples include a vinyl compound containing a (meth) acrylate compound, an epoxy resin, and the like.
- the number of functional groups that cause a polymerization reaction upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation is not particularly limited as long as it is one or more.
- the (meth) acrylate compound examples include polyurethane (meth) acrylate, polyester (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, polyamide (meth) acrylate, polybutadiene (meth) acrylate, polystyryl (meth) acrylate, Polycarbonate diacrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, (meth) Examples thereof include siloxane polymers having an acryloyloxy group, preferably polyester (meth) acrylate and polyurethane (meth) acrylic. Over DOO, an epoxy poly (meth) acrylate, more preferably a polyurethane (meth) acrylate.
- Epoxy (meth) acrylate can be obtained by an esterification reaction between an oxirane ring of a low molecular weight bisphenol type epoxy resin or a novolac epoxy resin and acrylic acid.
- the polyester (meth) acrylate is obtained by esterifying the hydroxyl groups of a polyester oligomer having hydroxyl groups at both ends obtained by condensation of a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol with acrylic acid. It can also be obtained by esterifying the terminal hydroxyl group of an oligomer obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to a polyvalent carboxylic acid with acrylic acid.
- Urethane (meth) acrylate is a reaction product of an isocyanate compound obtained by reacting a polyol with diisocyanate and an acrylate monomer having a hydroxyl group, and examples of the polyol include polyester polyol, polyether polyol, polycarbonate diol, and the like. It is done.
- Examples of vinyl compounds other than acrylate compounds include N-vinyl pyrrolidone, N-vinyl caprolactam, vinyl acetate, styrene, and unsaturated polyester.
- Epoxy resins include hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy) cyclohexane-meta-dioxane, bis (3,4-epoxy (Cyclohexylmethyl) adipate and the like.
- the molecular weight of the electromagnetic radiation curable compound is not limited as long as it dissolves in the composition for forming an organic-inorganic composite, but is usually 500 to 50,000, preferably 1,000 to 10,000 as a weight average molecular weight. .
- the blending amount of the electromagnetic radiation curable compound is 2 to 98% by mass, preferably 5 to 95% by mass, based on the total solid content in the organic-inorganic composite composition.
- the solubility parameter (SP1) of R obtained by the method is an organosilicon compound smaller by 1.6 or more than the solubility parameter (SP2) of the electromagnetic radiation curable compound obtained by the Fedors estimation method.
- the difference between SP1 and SP2 is preferably 1.6 to 8.5, and more preferably 1.6 to 7.2.
- the organosilicon compound used in the present invention varies depending on the type of electromagnetic radiation curable compound. Since the solubility parameter (SP value) of the organosilicon compound and the electromagnetic radiation curable compound can be calculated based on the Fedors' estimation method, the organosilicon compound and the electromagnetic radiation curable compound can be calculated based on the precalculated SP value. A combination can be determined. In the formula (I), when n is 2 and R is different, the SP value having the larger numerical value is set as the SP1, and the combination with the electromagnetic radiation curable compound is determined. Examples of organosilicon compounds that can be used in the present invention are listed in Table 1 below together with SP values.
- SP values of typical electromagnetic radiation curable compounds that can be used in the present invention are listed in Table 2.
- acrylate systems such as polyurethane (meth) acrylate, polyester (meth) acrylate, epoxy poly (meth) acrylate, polyamide (meth) acrylate, polybutadiene (meth) acrylate, polystyryl (meth) acrylate, and polycarbonate diacrylate
- the SP value is in the range of 9 to 11 depending on the type of functional group contained.
- the combination of the organosilicon compound (Si1) and (Si2) includes vinyltrimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloxy-n-propyltri A combination of methoxysilane and a combination of vinyltrimethoxysilane and 3-glycidyloxy-n-propyltrimethoxysilane are preferred.
- Photopolymerization initiator used in the present invention is a compound that generates active radical species by irradiating light containing a wavelength of 350 nm or less.
- Specific examples of compounds that generate active radical species upon irradiation with light include acetophenone, acetophenone benzyl ketal, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2,2′-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one, and xanthone.
- the addition amount of the photopolymerization initiator used in the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, based on the solid content of the electromagnetic radiation curable compound.
- composition for forming an organic-inorganic complex of the present invention is obtained by adding a photopolymerization initiator and an electromagnetic radiation curable compound to the condensate of the organosilicon compound prepared above. Can be prepared by mixing. At that time, a solvent such as water or an organic solvent can be added as necessary.
- the organic solvent to be used is not particularly limited.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and octane
- alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and cyclopentane.
- Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone and methyl isobutyl ketone; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide Sulfoxides such as dimethyl sulfoxide; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; polyhydric alcohol derivatives such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; These solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Organic-inorganic composite and production method thereof The organic-inorganic composite of the present invention is obtained by curing the organic-inorganic composite-forming composition.
- it is an organic-inorganic composite thin film in which the composition for forming an organic-inorganic composite is formed on a predetermined substrate.
- the substrate on which the organic-inorganic composite of the present invention can be formed include metals, ceramics, glass, and plastics.
- plastic is preferably used, and specifically, a plastic substrate for a touch panel can be used. Conventionally, it has been difficult to form a thin film on a plastic substrate, and it has been limited to inorganic substrates such as glass.
- the thin film of the present invention can be easily formed even if it is difficult to form a plastic substrate. It is also suitable for optical components.
- the plastic substrate include a polycarbonate resin substrate, an acrylic resin substrate, a polyimide resin substrate, a polyester resin substrate, an epoxy resin substrate, a liquid crystal polymer resin substrate, and a polyethersulfone substrate.
- the organic-inorganic composite-forming composition can be applied onto the substrate using a known application method.
- a dipping method, a spray method, a bar coating method, a roll coating method, a spin coating method, a curtain coating method, a gravure printing method, a silk screen method, an ink jet method and the like can be exemplified.
- the thickness of the thin film to be formed is not particularly limited, and is, for example, about 0.05 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the thin film formed by applying the composition for forming an organic / inorganic composite is preferably dried at 40 to 200 ° C. for about 1 to 120 minutes, and preferably at 60 to 120 ° C. for about 3 to 60 minutes. More preferably.
- Examples of the method for curing the organic-inorganic composite of the present invention include a method in which the organic-inorganic composite-forming composition is irradiated with light having a wavelength of 350 nm or less.
- Irradiation with light having a wavelength of 350 nm or less can be performed using a known apparatus such as a high-pressure mercury lamp, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, or an excimer lamp.
- the irradiation light is in the range of 150 to 350 nm. It is preferable that the light contains light having any one of the above wavelengths, and it is more preferable that the light contains light having any wavelength in the range of 250 to 310 nm. As long as it is sensitive to wavelengths in this range and does not react to light exceeding 350 nm, preferably 310 nm, it is hardly affected by sunlight.
- the irradiation light amount of the light to be irradiated is, for example, about 0.1 to 100 J / cm 2, and considering the curing efficiency (relation between irradiation energy and the degree of curing), about 0.2 to 20 J / cm 2. It is preferably about 0.4 to 10 J / cm 2 .
- irradiation with light having a wavelength of 350 nm or less is irradiation using a light source having light of any wavelength of 350 nm or less, preferably a light source having light of any wavelength of 350 nm or less as a main component. The irradiation used.
- a condensate of an organic silicon compound, which is an inorganic component is segregated on the surface portion in the formation process.
- the electromagnetic radiation curable compound, which is a relatively organic component decreases at the surface portion. Therefore, the carbon concentration of the surface portion is lower than that of the inside, and the silicon concentration is higher. That is, the surface side becomes mineralized more than the inside, and the surface side has high hardness. Therefore, the laminated body which the surface side has high hardness is obtained by apply
- Example 1 (Preparation of composition for forming organic-inorganic composite) An eggplant flask equipped with a stirrer was prepared, and after adding 3.5 g of urethane acrylate oligomer (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., “UV1700B”), it was dissolved in 5.1 g of methyl isobutyl ketone. To this solution, 0.19 g of 2-methyl-1- (methylthiophenyl) -2-morpholinopropan-1-one (manufactured by BASF, “Irgcure (registered trademark) 907”) was added as a photopolymerization initiator. Thereafter, 1.27 g of the organosilicon compound condensate [A-1] prepared in Reference Example 1 was added, followed by stirring at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain an organic-inorganic composite-forming composition [B-1]. Obtained.
- urethane acrylate oligomer manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Example 2 In the preparation of [B-1] in Example 1, the photopolymerization initiator was changed to 2,2′-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one (manufactured by BASF, “Irgacure (registered trademark) 651”). Except that, an organic-inorganic composite-forming composition [B-2] was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 3 (Production of laminate)
- the organic-inorganic composite-forming composition [B-1] obtained in Example 1 was bar-coated on a white acrylic substrate as a substrate so as to have a thickness of about 6 ⁇ m.
- the white acrylic substrate was heated at 80 ° C.
- a condensing high-pressure mercury lamp (UV light mainly composed of light having wavelengths of 365 nm, 313 nm, and 254 nm, manufactured by Phase Graphic Co., Ltd.) 1 lamp type, 120 W / cm, lamp height of 9.8 cm, conveyor speed of 4.6 m / min) is irradiated with ultraviolet rays so that the integrated irradiation amount becomes 400 mJ / cm 2, and the organic-inorganic composite-formed substrate (the present invention) Obtained) [C-1].
- UV light mainly composed of light having wavelengths of 365 nm, 313 nm, and 254 nm, manufactured by Phase Graphic Co., Ltd.
- 1 lamp type 120 W / cm, lamp height of 9.8 cm, conveyor speed of 4.6 m / min
- Example 4 Preparation of [C-1] in Example 3 was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that [B-2] was used instead of the organic-inorganic composite-forming composition [B-1]. A substrate [C-2] was obtained.
- Example 5 (Preparation of composition for forming organic-inorganic composite) An eggplant-shaped flask equipped with a stirrer was prepared, and 11.79 g of tributoxy (2,4-pentanedionato) zirconium (“ZRCAT” manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.) was added thereto, followed by industrial ethanol (Japanese alcohol) as a solvent. 22.45 g of “Solmix (registered trademark) AP-7” (commercially available) was added.
- ZRCAT tributoxy (2,4-pentanedionato) zirconium
- Example 6 (Production of laminate)
- the organic-inorganic composite-forming solution [E-1] obtained above was bar-coated on a white acrylic substrate so as to have a thickness of about 6 ⁇ m, and heated at 80 ° C. for 3 minutes with a hot-air circulating dryer.
- the condensing type high-pressure mercury lamp UV light mainly composed of 365 nm, 313 nm, and 254 nm wavelength, made by Igraphic, one lamp type, 120 W / cm, lamp height 9.8 cm, conveyor speed 4.6 m / Min
- UV light mainly composed of 365 nm, 313 nm, and 254 nm wavelength, made by Igraphic
- one lamp type 120 W / cm, lamp height 9.8 cm
- conveyor speed 4.6 m / Min to irradiate with ultraviolet rays so that the integrated irradiation amount becomes 400 mJ / cm 2 , to obtain an organic-inorganic composite-formed substrate [F-1].
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2015年6月23日に出願された日本国特許出願第2015-125781号に対し優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)a)ジルコニウム錯体の存在下、式(I)
RnSiX4-n (I)
(式中、Rは式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合した有機基を表し、Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。nは1又は2を表し、nが2のとき各Rは同一でも異なっていてもよい。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物を縮合して得られる式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物、
b)電磁線硬化性化合物、及び
c)光重合開始剤、
を含有する有機無機複合体形成用組成物;
(2)式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種が、式(I-1)
R1 nSiX4-n・・・(I-1)
(式中、nは1又は2を表し、nが2のときR1は互いに同一であっても相異なってもよく、R1は式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合する有機基であって、R1のうち1以上はビニル基含有炭化水素基を表す。Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物である上記(1)に記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物;
(3)式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物が、
下記の数式(1)を満たす量の式(I-1)
R1 nSiX4-n・・・(I-1)
(式中、nは1又は2を表し、nが2のときR1は互いに同一であっても相異なってもよく、R1は式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合する有機基であって、R1のうち1以上はビニル基含有炭化水素基を表す。Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種と、
式(I-2)
R2 nSiX4-n・・・(I-2)
(式中、nは1又は2を表し、nが2のときR2は同一であっても相異なってもよく、R2は式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合した、ビニル基含有炭化水素基以外の有機基を表す。Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種とからなる有機ケイ素化合物である上記(2)に記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物;
30モル%≦{〔式(I-1)の化合物〕}/{〔式(I-1)の化合物〕+〔式(I-2)の化合物〕}×100 <100モル%・・・(1)
(5)上記(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を硬化させて得られる有機無機複合体;
及び(6)上記(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を基材に塗布、硬化させて得られる積層体;に関する。
本発明に用いる有機ケイ素化合物は、以下の式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物である。本発明の有機ケイ素化合物は2種以上を混合して用いることもできる。
上記「置換されていてもよい炭化水素基」の炭化水素基としては、通常、炭素数1~30の炭化水素基であり、例えば、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルキルアルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アリール基、アリールアルキル基、アリールアルケニル基等が挙げられる。
これらのうち、好ましくは、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルキル基、炭素数2~10のアルケニル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルケニル基、炭素数2~10のアルキニル基である。
また、上記「炭化水素基」は、酸素原子、窒素原子、又はケイ素原子を含んでいてもよい。
「アリール基」は、単環又は多環のアリール基を意味し、多環アリール基の場合は、完全不飽和環に加え、部分飽和環を有する基も包含する。具体的には、フェニル基、ナフチル基、アズレニル基、インデニル基、インダニル基、テトラリニル基等が挙げられ、炭素数6~10のアリール基が好ましい。
「アリールアルキル基」としては、炭素数6~10のアリール基と炭素数1~10のアルキル基が結合した基が挙げられる。
「アリールアルケニル基」としては、炭素数6~10のアリール基と炭素数2~10のアルケニル基が結合した基が挙げられる。
「エポキシアルキル基」としては、炭素数3~10のエポキシアルキル基が好ましく、具体的には、グリシジル基、グリシジルメチル基、2-グリシジルエチル基、3-グリシジルプロピル基、4-グリシジルブチル基、3,4-エポキシブチル基、4,5-エポキシペンチル基、5,6-エポキシヘキシル基等のエポキシ基を含む直鎖状のアルキル基;β-メチルグリシジル基、β-エチルグリシジル基、β-プロピルグリシジル基、2-グリシジルプロピル基、2-グリシジルブチル基、3-グリシジルブチル基、2-メチル-3-グリシジルプロピル基、3-メチル-2-グリシジルプロピル基、3-メチル-3,4-エポキシブチル基、3-エチル-3,4-エポキシブチル基、4-メチル-4,5-エポキシペンチル基、5-メチル-5,6-エポキシヘキシル基等のエポキシ基を含む分岐鎖状のアルキル基等が挙げられる。
グリシドキシアルキル基としては、具体的には、グリシドキシメチル基、グリシドキシプロピル基等が挙げられる。
「炭素数1~6のアシルオキシ基」(ただし、炭素数にはカルボニル基の炭素を含まない)としては、具体的には、アセトキシ基、ベンゾイルオキシ基等が挙げられる。
「ハロゲノ基」としては、具体的には、フルオロ基、クロロ基、ブロモ基、イオド基等が挙げられる。
すなわち、下記の数式(1)を満たす量の式(I-1)で表される有機ケイ素化合物と、式(I-2)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の混合物である。
R2 nSiX4-n・・・(I-2)
30モル%≦{〔式(I-1)の化合物〕}/{〔式(I-1)の化合物〕+〔式(I-2)の化合物〕}×100 <100モル%・・・(1)
式(I-2)中、nは1又は2を表し、nが2のときR2は同一であっても相異なってもよく、R2は式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合した、ビニル基含有炭化水素基以外の有機基を表す。Xは水酸基又は加水分解性基を表し、互いに同一であっても相異なってもよい。
上記R1中のビニル基含有炭化水素基としては、炭素数2~10のアルケニル基、炭素数3~8のシクロアルケニル基等が挙げられる。
本発明に用いるジルコニウム錯体は、σ結合性の配位子又はルイス塩基が配位子として配位していてもよいジルコニウムとキレート性の配位子からなる金属錯体である。
キレート性の配位子は、ジルコニウム錯体の反応性を高めるために必須な配位子である。キレート性の配位子としては、β-ケトエステル化合物、β-ケトカルボニル化合物、又はα-ヒドロキシエステル化合物等が挙げられる。β-ケトエステル化合物としては、アセト酢酸メチル、アセト酢酸n-プロピル、アセト酢酸イソプロピル、アセト酢酸n-ブチル、アセト酢酸sec-ブチル、アセト酢酸t-ブチル等が挙げられ、β-ケトカルボニル化合物としては、アセチルアセトン、へキサン-2,4-ジオン、ヘプタン-2,4-ジオン、ヘプタン-3,5-ジオン、オクタン-2,4-ジオン、ノナン-2,4-ジオン、5-メチル-へキサン-2,4-ジオン等が挙げられ、α-ヒドロキシエステル化合物としては、グリコール酸、乳酸等が挙げられる。
σ結合性の配位子としては、具体的には、ハロゲノ基、アルコキシ基、アシルオキシ基等が挙げられる。
ルイス塩基としては、アミン類、エーテル類、ホスフィン類等が挙げられる。アミン類としては、アンモニア、メチルアミン、アニリン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、N-メチルアニリン、ジフェニルアミン、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、トリ-n-ブチルアミン、ピリジン等が挙げられ、エーテル類としては、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン等が挙げられ、ホスフィン類としては、トリエチルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、ジフェニルホスフィン等が挙げられる。
ジルコニウム錯体としては、具体的には、テトラキス(2、4-ペンタンジオナト)ジルコニウム、トリブトキシ(2,4-ペンタンジオナト)ジルコニウム等が挙げられる。
本発明の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を構成する式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物は、ジルコニウム錯体の存在下、式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物を縮合して得られるものである。
用いる有機溶媒は、特に制限されるものではなく、例えば、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類;ヘキサン、オクタン等の脂肪族炭化水素類;シクロヘキサン、シクロペンタン等の脂環族炭化水素類;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン類;テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン等のエーテル類;酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル類;N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド類;ジメチルスルホキシド等のスルホキシド類;メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール等のアルコール類;エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート等の多価アルコール誘導体類等が挙げられる。これらの溶媒は1種単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
ジルコニウム錯体の添加量は、その種類にもよるが、一般的に、有機ケイ素化合物中のSiに対して、ジルコニウム錯体中の金属原子が0.01~0.5モル当量、好ましくは0.05~0.2モル当量である。
所定量の水の量は、有機ケイ素化合物1モルに対して0.1~5モルで、好ましくは0.5~3モルである。
反応時の温度は10~100℃であり、好ましくは20~80℃である。また、反応時間は1時間~100時間であり、好ましくは8時間~80時間である。
また、有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物の平均粒子径は2nm~100nmが好ましく、5nm~30nmであることがより好ましい。平均粒子径が100nmより大きい場合、形成用組成物自体が不安定となりゲル化し易くなり、また得られる有機無機複合体が白濁する。平均粒子径が2nmより小さい場合は、塗膜性に悪影響が出るおそれがある。
本発明に用いる電磁線硬化性化合物は、電磁線の照射により重合反応を起こす官能基を有する化合物又は樹脂である。
電磁線としては、紫外線、X線、放射線、イオン化放射線、電離性放射線(α線、β線、γ線、中性子線、電子線)を用いることができ、350nm以下の波長を含む光が好ましい。
電磁線の照射には、超高圧水銀ランプ、高圧水銀ランプ、低圧水銀ランプ、メタルハライドランプ、エキシマーランプ、カーボンアークランプ、キセノンアークランプ等の公知の装置を用いて行うことができ、照射する光源としては、150~350nmの範囲のいずれかの波長の光を含む光源であることが好ましく、250~310nmの範囲のいずれかの波長の光を含む光源であることがより好ましい。
また、有機無機複合体形成用組成物を十分に硬化させるために照射する光の照射光量は、0.1~100J/cm2程度であり、組成物の硬化効率(照射エネルギーと組成物の硬化程度の関係)を考慮すると、0.4~10J/cm2程度であることが好ましく、0.4~5J/cm2程度であることがより好ましい。
ポリエステル(メタ)アクリレートは、多価カルボン酸と多価アルコールの縮合によって得られる、両末端に水酸基を有するポリエステルオリゴマーの水酸基をアクリル酸でエステル化することにより得られる。また、多価カルボン酸にアルキレンオキシドを付加して得られるオリゴマーの末端の水酸基をアクリル酸でエステル化することにより得られる。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートは、ポリオールとジイソシアネートとを反応させて得られるイソシアネート化合物と、水酸基を有するアクリレートモノマーとの反応生成物であり、ポリオールとしては、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリエーテルポリオール、ポリカーボネートジオール等が挙げられる。
電磁線硬化性化合物の配合量は、有機無機複合体組成物中の全固形分に対して、2~98質量%、好ましくは5~95質量%である。
本発明に用いる式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種は、Fedorsの推算法により求められたRの溶解パラメータ(SP1)が、Fedorsの推算法により求められた電磁線硬化性化合物の溶解パラメータ(SP2)よりも1.6以上小さい有機ケイ素化合物であることが好ましい。SP1とSP2の差は、1.6~8.5が好ましく、1.6~7.2がより好ましい。
前記式(I)において、nが2であり、かつ、Rが異なる場合、数値が大きい方のSP値を前記SP1として、電磁線硬化性化合物との組み合わせを決定する。
本発明に用いることができる有機ケイ素化合物の一例をSP値と共に以下の表1に列記する。
本発明においては、電磁線硬化性化合物が、(メタ)アクリレート系化合物である場合、有機ケイ素化合物(Si1)と(Si2)の組合せとしては、ビニルトリメトキシシランと3-メタクリロキシ-n-プロピルトリメトキシシランの組み合わせ、ビニルトリメトキシシランと3-グリシジルオキシ-n-プロピルトリメトキシシランの組み合わせ等が好ましい。
本発明に用いる光重合開始剤は、350nm以下の波長を含む光を照射することで、活性ラジカル種を発生させる化合物等である。
光照射により活性ラジカル種を発生させる化合物としては、具体的には、アセトフェノン、アセトフェノンベンジルケタール、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、2,2’-ジメトキシ-1,2-ジフェニルエタン-1-オン、キサントン、フルオレノン、ベンズアルデヒド、フルオレン、アントラキノン、トリフェニルアミン、カルバゾール、3-メチルアセトフェノン、4-クロロベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ジアミノベンゾフェノン、ベンゾインプロピルエーテル、ベンゾインエチルエーテル、ベンジルジメチルケタール、1-(4-イソプロピルフェニル)-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチルプロパン-1-オン、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニルプロパン-1-オン、チオキサントン、ジエチルチオキサントン、2-イソプロピルチオキサントン、2-クロロチオキサントン、2-メチル-1-[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モルホリノ-プロパン-1-オン、2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルフォリノフェニル)-ブタノン-1,4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル-(2-ヒドロキシ-2-プロピル)ケトン、2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、ビス-(2,6-ジメトキシベンゾイル)-2,4,4-トリメチルペンチルフォスフィンオキシド、オリゴ(2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-(4-(1-メチルビニル)フェニル)プロパノン)等を挙げることができる。
本発明の有機無機複合体形成用組成物は、先に調製した有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物に、光重合開始剤及び電磁線硬化性化合物を混合して調製できる。その際、必要に応じて、水、有機溶媒等の溶媒を添加できる。
本発明の有機無機複合体は、前記の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を硬化させて得られるものである。好ましくは、前記の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を所定の基材上で形成した有機無機複合薄膜である。
本発明の有機無機複合体が形成可能な基材としては、金属、セラミックス、ガラス、プラスチック等が挙げられる。これらのうちでは、プラスチックが好適に挙げられ、具体的には、タッチパネル用のプラスチック基板等が挙げられる。従来、薄膜のプラスチック基材への形成は困難であり、ガラス等の無機基材に限定されていたが、本発明の薄膜は形成の難しいプラスチック基材であっても、容易に形成でき、プラスチック製光学部品に対しても適している。かかるプラスチック基材としては、例えば、ポリカーボネート樹脂基材、アクリル樹脂基材、ポリイミド樹脂基材、ポリエステル樹脂基材、エポキシ樹脂基材、液晶ポリマー樹脂基材、ポリエーテルスルホン基材が挙げられる。
なお、350nm以下の波長の光の照射とは、350nm以下のいずれかの波長の光を成分とする光源を用いる照射、好ましくは、350nm以下のいずれかの波長の光を主成分とする光源を用いる照射をいう。
よって、本発明の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を基材に塗布、硬化させることで、表面側が高い硬度を有する積層体が得られる。
(有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物の調製)
撹拌装置を備えたナス型フラスコを用意し、その中にテトラキス(2、4-ペンタンジオナト)ジルコニウムを、519mg(1.07mmol)加えた後に、溶媒としてイソプロピルアルコールを181mg及び工業用エタノール(日本アルコール販売製、「ソルミックス(登録商標)AP-7」)を1937mg加えた。その後、ビニルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業(株)製、「KBM-1003」)1084mg(7.56mmol)と3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業(株)製、「KBM-503」)741mg (2.98mmol)を加え、室温で30分間撹拌した。その後、超純水 565mgを滴下し、60℃で72時間の加熱撹拌を行った。その後、室温まで冷却することで有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物[A-1]を得た。
実施例1の[A-1]の調製において、テトラキス(2、4-ペンタンジオナト)ジルコニウムを、ジイソプロポキシビスアセチルアセトナートチタン(日本曹達(株)製、「T-50」)に、同様のモル数になるように変更した以外は、参考例1と同様に調製して有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物[RA-1]を得た。
(有機無機複合体形成用組成物の調製)
撹拌装置を備えたナスフラスコを用意し、ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー(日本合成化学工業(株)製、「UV1700B」)3.5gを加えた後に、メチルイソブチルケトン5.1gに溶解させた。この溶液に光重合開始剤として2-メチル-1-(メチルチオフェニル)-2-モルフォリノプロパン-1-オン(BASF製、「Irgcure(登録商標)907」)を0.19g加えた。その後、参考例1で調製した有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物[A-1]を1.27g加えた後に、室温で1時間の撹拌を行い、有機無機複合体形成用組成物[B-1]を得た。
実施例1の[B-1]の調製において、光重合開始剤を2,2’-ジメトキシ-1,2-ジフェニルエタン-1-オン(BASF製、「Irgacure(登録商標)651」)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に調製して有機無機複合体形成用組成物[B-2]を得た。
実施例1の[B-1]の調製において、有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物を参考比較例1で調製した[RA-1]に変更した以外は実施例1と同様に調製して有機無機複合体形成用組成物[RB-1]を得た。
(積層体の作製)
実施例1で得られた有機無機複合体形成用組成物[B-1]を、基材として白色アクリル基材上に約6μmとなるようにバーコート成膜した。その白色アクリル基材を温風循環型乾燥機にて80℃で3分間加熱した後、集光型高圧水銀灯(365nm、313nm、254nmの波長の光を主成分とするUV光、相グラフィック社製、1灯型、120W/cm、ランプ高9.8cm、コンベア速度4.6m/分)で積算照射量が400mJ/cm2となるよう紫外線を照射して、有機無機複合体形成基板(本発明の積層体)[C-1]を得た。
実施例3の[C-1]の作製において、有機無機複合体形成組成物[B-1]の代わりに、[B-2]を用いる以外実施例3と同様に行い、有機無機複合体形成基板[C-2]を得た。
実施例3の[C-1]の作製において、有機無機複合体形成組成物[B-1]の代わりに、[RB-1]を用いる以外実施例3と同様に行い、有機無機複合体形成基板[RC-1]を得た。
得られた基板[C-1]、[C-2]及び[RC-1]について以下の評価を行った。
基板[C-1]、基板[C-2]、基板[RC-1]及び未処理基板の着色程度を調べるため、色彩濁度測定器(COH400、日本電色工業)を用いてb*値(黄色味)を測定した。結果を下記の表3に示す。本発明の[C-1]及び[C-2]は、[RC-1]と比較して着色が低減していることが分かった。
(有機無機複合体形成用組成物の調製)
撹拌装置を備えたナス型フラスコを用意し、その中にトリブトキシ(2,4-ペンタンジオナト)ジルコニウム(日本曹達製「ZRCAT」)を11.79g加えた後に、溶媒として工業用エタノール(日本アルコール販売製、「ソルミックス(登録商標)AP-7」)を22.45g加えた。その後、ビニルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業(株)製、「KBM-1003」)20.27g と3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業(株)製、「KBM-503」)14.56gを加え、室温で5分間撹拌した。その後、超純水10.93gを滴下し、70℃で6時間の加熱撹拌を行った。その後、室温まで冷却することで有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物[D-1]を得た。
撹拌装置を備えたナスフラスコを用意し、ウレタンアクリレート樹脂(共栄社化学(株)製、「BPZA-66」)43.40gを加えた後に、メチルイソブチルケトン22.36gに溶解させた。この溶液に光重合開始剤として1-ヒドロキシ-シクロヘキシル-フェニル-ケトン(BASF製、「Irgcure(登録商標)184」)を1.39g加えた。その後、先に調製した有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物[D-1]を12.86g加えた後に、室温で1時間の撹拌を行い、有機無機複合体形成用組成物[E-1]を得た。
(積層体の作製)
上記で得られた有機無機複合体形成用溶液[E-1]を白色アクリル基板上に約6μmとなるようにバーコート成膜し、温風循環型乾燥機にて80℃で3分間加熱を行った後、集光型高圧水銀灯(365nm、313nm、254nmの波長の光を主成分とするUV光、アイグラフィック製、1灯型、120W/cm、ランプ高9.8cm、コンベア速度4.6m/分)で積算照射量が400mJ/cm2となるよう紫外線を照射して、有機無機複合体形成基板[F-1]を得た。
基板[F-1]、基板[RC-1]及び未処理基板の着色程度を調べるため、色彩濁度測定器(COH400、日本電色工業)を用いてb*値(黄色味)を測定した。
Δb*=(未処理基板のb*)-(有機無機複合体形成基板のb*)として比較した結果を表4に示す。
本発明の[F-1]は、[RC-1]と比較して着色が低減していることが分かった。
Claims (6)
- a)ジルコニウム錯体の存在下、式(I)
RnSiX4-n (I)
(式中、Rは式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合した有機基を表し、Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。nは1又は2を表し、nが2のとき各Rは同一でも異なっていてもよい。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物を縮合して得られる式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の縮合物、
b)電磁線硬化性化合物、及び
c)光重合開始剤、
を含有する有機無機複合体形成用組成物。 - 式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種が、式(I-1)
R1 nSiX4-n・・・(I-1)
(式中、nは1又は2を表し、nが2のときR1は互いに同一であっても相異なってもよく、R1は式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合する有機基であって、R1のうち1以上はビニル基含有炭化水素基を表す。Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物である請求項1に記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物。 - 式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物が、
数式(1)を満たす量の式(I-1)
R1 nSiX4-n・・・(I-1)
(式中、nは1又は2を表し、nが2のときR1は互いに同一であっても相異なってもよく、R1は式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合する有機基であって、R1のうち1以上はビニル基含有炭化水素基を表す。Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種と、
式(I-2)
R2 nSiX4-n・・・(I-2)
(式中、nは1又は2を表し、nが2のときR2は同一であっても相異なってもよく、R2は式中のSiに炭素原子が直接結合した、ビニル基含有炭化水素基以外の有機基を表す。Xは夫々独立に水酸基又は加水分解性基を表す。)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種とからなる有機ケイ素化合物である請求項2に記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物。
30モル%≦{〔式(I-1)の化合物〕}/{〔式(I-1)の化合物〕+〔式(I-2)の化合物〕}×100 <100モル%・・・(1) - 式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物の少なくとも1種が、Fedorsの推算法により求められたRの溶解パラメータ(SP1)が、Fedorsの推算法により求められた電磁線硬化性化合物の溶解パラメータ(SP2)よりも1.6以上小さい有機ケイ素化合物である請求項1に記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を硬化させて得られる有機無機複合体。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の有機無機複合体形成用組成物を基材に塗布、硬化させて得られる積層体。
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| JP6608443B2 (ja) | 2019-11-20 |
| KR101968851B1 (ko) | 2019-04-12 |
| EP3315523A4 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
| TW201710396A (zh) | 2017-03-16 |
| EP3315523A1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
| JPWO2016208150A1 (ja) | 2018-04-19 |
| US20180118953A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
| CN107614554B (zh) | 2020-07-17 |
| CN107614554A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
| KR20170136609A (ko) | 2017-12-11 |
| TWI589646B (zh) | 2017-07-01 |
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