WO2016120925A1 - エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤 - Google Patents
エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016120925A1 WO2016120925A1 PCT/JP2015/005833 JP2015005833W WO2016120925A1 WO 2016120925 A1 WO2016120925 A1 WO 2016120925A1 JP 2015005833 W JP2015005833 W JP 2015005833W WO 2016120925 A1 WO2016120925 A1 WO 2016120925A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0025—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents; including accelerators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C39/08—Dihydroxy benzenes; Alkylated derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C39/10—Polyhydroxy benzenes; Alkylated derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C57/30—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C57/34—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings containing more than one carboxyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/42—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
- C07C59/52—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups a hydroxy or O-metal group being bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/54—Quaternary phosphonium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/4007—Curing agents not provided for by the groups C08G59/42 - C08G59/66
- C08G59/4071—Curing agents not provided for by the groups C08G59/42 - C08G59/66 phosphorus containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/42—Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or low molecular weight esters thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/62—Alcohols or phenols
- C08G59/621—Phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/50—Phosphorus bound to carbon only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an epoxy resin curing accelerator. More specifically, the present invention relates to an epoxy resin curing accelerator made of a quaternary phosphonium salt, which is suitable for manufacturing an epoxy resin-based sealing material for electronic parts such as semiconductors.
- an epoxy resin is excellent in moldability and electrical properties of a cured product, and is used, for example, as a sealing material for electronic parts such as a semiconductor sealing material.
- a sealing material resin an epoxy resin in which a phenol novolac is used as a curing agent and a large amount of filler is blended is widely used.
- a curing accelerator which is a component of a sealing material, is also increasing.
- TPP-K tetraphenylborate salt of tetraphenylphosphonium
- TPP-K has low catalytic activity as it is, curing does not proceed sufficiently if it is simply blended with an epoxy resin and a curing agent, but it is blended with phenol resin in advance and heated to convert tetraphenylborate salt to phenol resin salt. There is a problem that a small amount of toxic benzene is produced at this time.
- a salt of TPP with an alkyl quaternized phosphonium phenol resin see Patent Documents 1 and 2 has been proposed.
- a sealing material composition containing a high concentration of inorganic filler when a phenol resin salt of alkyl quaternized phosphonium of TPP is used as a curing accelerator, a mixture of an epoxy resin, a curing agent and a curing accelerator is heated. Since the viscosity of the melted liquid mixture increases, the so-called poor liquid flow property, in which the wiring of the semiconductor chip is swept away during mold filling, or the viscosity increases before the compound reaches every corner, resulting in unfilled parts. Cause.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an epoxy resin curing accelerator that is excellent in fluidity at the time of mold filling and has high catalytic activity and excellent curability.
- the present invention provides a phosphonium salt (S) comprising a quaternary phosphonium (A) represented by the general formula (1) and an anion of the organic carboxylic acid (B) represented by the general formula (2), and the general formula It is an epoxy resin hardening accelerator (Q) characterized by including the organic phenol compound (C) shown by (3).
- R 1 to R 3 represent an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 5 to R 7 are the same or different and each represents a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, hydrogen, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 8 represents a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group.
- R 9 to R 11 are the same or different and each represents a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, hydrogen, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ]
- this invention has quaternary phosphonium (A), hardening of reaction of an epoxy resin and a hardening
- anion of organic carboxylic acid (B) and the organic phenol compound (C) have a substituent (hydroxyl group, carbonyl group) capable of hydrogen bonding at their 1,3-positions, the anion of organic carboxylic acid (B) and organic The interaction between the molecules of the phenol compound (C) acts strongly. Thereby, the acid strength of the anion of the organic carboxylic acid (B) is apparently increased, and the phosphonium salt (S) is hardly dissociated.
- the phosphonium salt (S) is hardly dissociated, so that the curing reaction can be suppressed and the fluidity at the time of mold filling is excellent.
- the hydrogen bond between the anion of the organic carboxylic acid (B) and the organic phenol compound (C) is weakened, and the phosphonium salt (S) is dissociated, so that the curability is excellent.
- the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) of the present invention is excellent in fluidity at the time of mold filling, and has high catalytic activity and excellent curability, so it is suitable for production of epoxy resin-based sealing materials for electronic parts such as semiconductors. It is.
- the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) of the present invention contains a phosphonium salt (S) composed of a cation of a quaternary phosphonium (A) and an anion of an organic carboxylic acid (B), and an organic phenol compound (C).
- the cation of the quaternary phosphonium (A) is an essential component for promoting the reaction between the epoxy resin and the curing agent, and is represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 1 to R 3 represent an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms constituting R 1 to R 4 in the general formula (1) include, for example, phenyl group, naphthyl group, biphenyl group, methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, butyl A phenyl group, a methyl naphthyl group, an ethyl naphthyl group, etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms constituting R 4 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, t-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, 1-methylpentyl group, 4-methyl-2-pentyl group, 3,3-dimethylbutyl group, 2-ethylbutyl group, n -Heptyl group, 1-methylhexyl group, n-octyl group, tert-octyl group, 1-methylheptyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, 2-propylpentyl group and the like.
- R 1 to R 3 are preferably a phenyl group, a methylphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, and more preferably a phenyl group, from the viewpoint of fluidity after melt-kneading and availability of raw materials.
- R 4 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group and phenyl group from the viewpoints of curability and ease of synthesis. Group, particularly preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the organic carboxylic acid (B) of the present invention is an essential component for improving fluidity after melt-kneading and curing at the curing temperature after mold filling, and is represented by the following general formula (2).
- R 5 to R 7 are the same or different and each represents a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, hydrogen, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 8 represents a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms constituting R 5 to R 7 in the general formula (2) include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl Group, tert-butyl group and the like.
- R 5 and R 7 are preferably hydrogen, and R 6 has a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group. preferable.
- the method for synthesizing the phosphonium salt (S) is not particularly limited.
- a salt exchange reaction between the alkyl carbonate (A1) of the quaternary phosphonium (A) and the organic carboxylic acid (B), and a quaternary phosphonium (S It can be obtained by a salt exchange reaction between the hydroxide (A2) of A) and the organic carboxylic acid (B).
- the alkyl carbonate (A1) of the quaternary phosphonium (A) can be obtained, for example, by reacting a corresponding tertiary phosphine with a carbonic acid diester.
- the production conditions are 10 to 200 hours in an autoclave at a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C., and a reaction solvent is preferably used in order to complete the reaction quickly and with a good yield.
- a reaction solvent Methanol, ethanol, etc. are preferable.
- the amount of the solvent is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the corresponding tertiary phosphine include triphenylphosphine, tris (4-methylphenyl) phosphine, 2- (diphenylphosphino) biphenyl, and the like.
- the carbonic acid diester is not particularly limited as long as it is a known one, and specifically, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate and the like are used.
- the quaternary phosphonium (A) hydroxide (A2) is obtained by, for example, reacting a corresponding tertiary phosphine with a halogenated (bromine or chlorine) alkyl or halogenated (bromine or chlorine) aryl. Later, it is obtained by salt exchange with an inorganic alkali.
- the production conditions are a temperature of 20 to 150 ° C. and a time of 1 to 20 hours, and a reaction solvent is preferably used in order to complete the reaction quickly and with a good yield. Although it does not specifically limit as a reaction solvent, Methanol, ethanol, etc. are preferable.
- the amount of the solvent is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the corresponding tertiary phosphine include those described above.
- Examples of the halogenated alkyl include ethyl bromide, butyl chloride, 2-ethylhexyl bromide, 2-butylethanol, 2-chloropropanol and the like, and examples of the halogenated aryl include bromobenzene, bromonaphthalene and bromobiphenyl.
- Examples of the inorganic alkali include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide.
- the molar ratio of the quaternary phosphonium (A) alkyl carbonate (A1) or hydroxide (A2) and the organic carboxylic acid (B) in the salt exchange reaction is as follows. Usually, it is 10/90 to 90/10, preferably 20/80 to 80/20.
- As production conditions while reacting at a temperature of 30 to 170 ° C. for 1 to 20 hours, by-produced alcohol, water, carbon dioxide gas, and, if necessary, a reaction solvent are removed.
- the organic phenol compound (C) is an essential component for interacting with the anion of the organic carboxylic acid (B) in the phosphonium salt (S) to suppress dissociation during melt-kneading and improve fluidity. It is represented by Formula (3).
- R 9 to R 11 are the same or different and each represents a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, hydrogen, or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ]
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms constituting R 9 to R 11 in the general formula (3) include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, and a sec-butyl group. Group, tert-butyl group and the like.
- R 9 to R 11 are preferably a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group and hydrogen, more preferably R 9 and R 11 is hydrogen, R 10 is a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group, and particularly preferably, R 9 and R 11 are hydrogen and R 10 is a hydroxyl group.
- the molar ratio of the organic carboxylic acid (B) to the organic phenol compound (C) is usually 10/90 to 90/10, preferably from the viewpoint of easy interaction with the anion of the carboxylic acid (B), preferably 20/80 to 80/20, particularly preferably 30/70 to 70/30.
- the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) is usually obtained by uniformly mixing the phosphonium salt (S) and the organic phenol compound (C) at a temperature of 50 to 200 ° C. for 1 to 20 hours.
- a solvent may be used in order to complete the mixing quickly. After uniform mixing, the solvent and the like are removed at a temperature of 50 to 200 ° C. under reduced pressure to normal pressure.
- the solvent is not particularly limited, but methanol, ethanol and the like are preferable.
- the blending ratio of the phosphonium salt (S) and the organic phenol compound (C) is appropriately determined from the molar ratio of the organic carboxylic acid (B) and the organic phenol compound (C).
- the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) includes a method of lowering the softening point by making a masterbatch with a low viscosity phenol resin, a method of pulverizing and powdering, etc. You can go.
- the low viscosity phenol resin include bisphenol A, bisphenol F, phenol novolac resin, cresol novolac resin, and phenol aralkyl resin.
- a known method can be used as a master batch method.
- the softening point of the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) is usually 70 to 140 ° C, preferably 80 to 120 ° C, more preferably 90 to 100 ° C.
- the temperature is lower than 70 ° C., it is not preferable because fusion during pulverization or block formation during storage of the powdered accelerator is likely to occur, and if it exceeds 140 ° C., the curing accelerator is melted with the epoxy resin. This is because they cannot be mixed and become non-uniform, which tends to cause curing failure.
- a powdery curing accelerator can be obtained by pulverization with an impact pulverizer or the like.
- the particle size of the powdery curing accelerator is preferably 100% or more (measured by an air jet sieve method or the like) 95% or more. This is because if it is less than 95%, uniform dissolution in the epoxy resin composition tends to be hindered, which causes poor curing.
- the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) of the present invention is used by being added to a mixture in which other additives such as an epoxy resin, a curing agent and a filler are blended as required, and finally a cured epoxy resin is obtained.
- the compounding amount of the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) is adjusted according to the reactivity of the epoxy resin and the curing agent, but is usually 1 to 25 parts by mass, preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin. It is. What is necessary is just to set the optimal compounding quantity according to the required hardening characteristic.
- ⁇ Production Example 1> ⁇ Method for producing quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be1)>
- 180 parts of dimethyl carbonate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and 224 parts of methanol as a solvent are charged, and 262 parts of triphenylphosphine (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) are charged therein, and the reaction temperature is increased. The reaction was performed at 125 ° C. for 80 hours. Next, 120 parts of methanol was removed under reduced pressure, and 1200 parts of toluene was added to precipitate crystals. This crystal was isolated and dissolved again in methanol to obtain a solution (solid content concentration 50%) of triphenylmethylphosphonium monomethyl carbonate as a quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be1).
- ⁇ Production Example 2> ⁇ Method for producing quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be2)> Instead of 262 parts of triphenylphosphine in Production Example 1, 304 parts of tris (4-methylphenyl) phosphine (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and diethyl carbonate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) instead of dimethyl carbonate
- the quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be2) was used as a quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be2) except that the reaction temperature was 130 ° C. and the reaction time was 150 hours. A solution (solid concentration 50%) was obtained.
- ⁇ Comparative Production Example 1> ⁇ Method for producing quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be'1)> In a stirring autoclave, 180 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 224 parts of methanol as a solvent were added, and 202 parts of tributylphosphine was added dropwise thereto, and reacted at a reaction temperature of 125 ° C. for 20 hours to give a quaternary phosphonium base ( A solution of tributylmethylphosphonium monomethyl carbonate (solid content concentration 50%) was obtained as A-Be′1).
- Example 1 640 parts of the quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be1) produced in Production Example 1 was placed in a glass round bottom three-necked flask equipped with a dropping funnel and a reflux tube, and trimellitic acid ( After 210 parts of Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. were separately charged, 126 parts of 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) were separately charged. Next, after adding 200 parts of phenol novolak resin (“H-4” manufactured by Meiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), the temperature was raised to 175 ° C. while distilling off the solvent (methanol), and then the remaining solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain an epoxy. A resin curing accelerator (Q-1) was obtained.
- H-4 phenol novolak resin
- Example 2 182 parts of 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) instead of 210 parts of trimellitic acid in Example 1, phloroglucinol (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) instead of 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene
- An epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q-2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the product was changed.
- Example 3 Instead of the quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be1) in Example 1, the quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be2) produced in Production Example 2 was used, and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid was used instead of trimellitic acid. (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), In the same manner as in Example 1, except that 70 parts of resorcinol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) instead of 126 parts of 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, An epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q-3) was obtained.
- resorcinol manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Example 4 Instead of 640 parts of the quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be1) in Example 1, 1200 parts of the quaternary phosphonium base (A-Be3) produced in Production Example 3, and 5-methylisophthalic acid (instead of trimellitic acid) 180 parts by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 5-methylresorcinol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) was used instead of 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene. An epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q-4) was obtained.
- Example 5 An epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q-5) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that phloroglucinol was used instead of 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene in Example 1.
- Example 6 An epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q-6) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that phloroglucinol was used instead of resorcinol in Example 3.
- Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 4, except that 210 parts of trimellitic acid in Example 1 was changed to 420 parts of a 50% aqueous solution of 4-sulfophthalic acid (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), an epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q '-5) was obtained.
- Epoxy resin curing accelerators (Q-1) to (Q-6) of the present invention prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and comparative epoxy resin curing accelerators (Q'-) prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 The fluidity and curability of 1) to (Q′-5) were evaluated by the following methods.
- the flow value (unit: cm) of the spiral flow at 175 ° C. (70 kg / cm 2) was measured according to the method of EMMI 1-66 and used as an index of fluidity.
- Curing meter V-type manufactured by Nichigo Shoji Co., Ltd., trade name
- Curing meter V-type is used to set the curing torque for each of the above sealants under the conditions of a temperature of 175 ° C., a resin die P-200 and an amplitude angle of ⁇ 1 °.
- the point at which the curing torque rises is the gel time (unit: seconds), and the value of the curing torque (unit: kgf ⁇ cm) 90 seconds after the start of measurement is used as an index of curability (strength and hardness at demolding). did.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) obtained in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
- the epoxy resin curing accelerators (Q) of Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention have a high flow value of the sealant after melt-kneading and excellent fluidity, and also have a curing torque. It can be seen that it is high and excellent in curability.
- Comparative Example 1 comprising a tetraalkylphosphonium cation, it can be seen that the flow value of the sealant after the melt mixing is very low because the stability of the phosphonium cation is low, and the moldability is poor.
- Comparative Example 2 that does not contain an organic phenol compound (C) and in Comparative Example 3 that does not contain a group capable of hydrogen bonding at the m-position of the organic carboxylic acid (B), the organic carboxylic acid (B) and the organic phenol compound (C )) Is insufficient, the reaction during melting and kneading cannot be suppressed, and the flow value is lowered.
- Comparative Example 4 that does not contain the organic carboxylic acid (B), it can be seen that the flow value decreases because the catalyst dissociates at the temperature of the melt kneading.
- Comparative Example 5 in which the organic carboxylic acid compound (B) contains a sulfonic acid group that is a strong acid, it is found that the curability is insufficient because the catalyst is difficult to dissociate even at the curing temperature.
- the epoxy resin curing accelerator (Q) of the present invention is excellent in fluidity and curability after melt-kneading, it is useful for producing an epoxy resin-based sealing material for electronic parts such as semiconductors.
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Abstract
Description
これらエポキシ樹脂の硬化促進剤として、テトラフェニルホスホニウムのテトラフェニルボレート塩(以下、TPP-Kと略する)が一般的に使用されている。
この問題の改良として、TPPのアルキル第4級化ホスホニウムのフェノール樹脂との塩(特許文献1および2参照)が提案されている。
すなわち、本発明は、一般式(1)で示される第4級ホスホニウム(A)と、一般式(2)で示される有機カルボン酸(B)のアニオンからなるホスホニウム塩(S)、および一般式(3)で示される有機フェノール化合物(C)を含むことを特徴とするエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)である。
また有機カルボン酸(B)のアニオンと有機フェノール化合物(C)はそれぞれの1,3位に水素結合可能な置換基(水酸基、カルボニル基)を有するため、有機カルボン酸(B)のアニオンと有機フェノール化合物(C)の分子間の相互作用が強力に作用する。これにより有機カルボン酸(B)のアニオンの酸強度が見かけ上強くなり、ホスホニウム塩(S)が解離しにくくなる。これによりエポキシ樹脂、硬化剤および硬化促進剤の混合物を加熱溶融する温度では、ホスホニウム塩(S)が解離しにくいため硬化反応を抑制でき、モールド充填時の流動性が優れる。
一方、モールド充填後の硬化温度では、有機カルボン酸(B)のアニオンと有機フェノール化合物(C)の水素結合が弱まり、ホスホニウム塩(S)が解離するため硬化性に優れる。
R4としては、硬化性の観点、および合成の容易さの観点から、好ましくは、炭素数1~4のアルキル基および炭素数6~12のアリール基、さらに好ましくはメチル基、エチル基およびフェニル基、特に好ましくはメチル基、エチル基である。
無機アルカリとしては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化バリウム、および水酸化アルミニウム等が挙げられる。
製造条件としては温度30~170℃にて1~20時間反応させながら、副生成するアルコール、水、炭酸ガス、および必要に応じて反応溶媒等を除去する。
ホスホニウム塩(S)と有機フェノール化合物(C)の配合比率は、上記有機カルボン酸(B)と有機フェノール化合物(C)のモル比から適宜決定する。
低粘度のフェノール樹脂としては、例えば、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、フェノールノボラック樹脂、クレゾールノボラック樹脂、フェノールアラルキル樹脂等が挙げられる。マスターバッチ化の方法としては、公知の方法が利用できる。
エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)の軟化点は、通常70~140℃、好ましくは80~120℃、より好ましくは90~100℃である。これは、70℃よりも低いと、粉砕時の融着や粉末状にした促進剤の貯蔵中のブロック化が起こり易く好ましくなく、また、140℃を超えると、硬化促進剤がエポキシ樹脂と溶融混合できずに不均一になり、硬化不良の原因となり易いからである。
<第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be1)の製造方法>
攪拌式のオートクレーブに、炭酸ジメチル(東京化成工業株式会社社製)180部および溶媒のメタノール224部を仕込み、この中にトリフェニルホスフィン(東京化成工業株式会社社製)262部を仕込み、反応温度125℃にて80時間反応させた。ついでメタノール120部を減圧除去した後、トルエン1200部投入し結晶を析出させた。この結晶を単離し、再度メタノールに溶解させることで、第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be1)としてトリフェニルメチルホスホニウムモノメチル炭酸塩の溶液(固形分濃度 50%)を得た。
<第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be2)の製造方法>
製造例1におけるトリフェニルホスフィン262部の代わりにトリス(4-メチルフェニル)ホスフィン(東京化成工業株式会社社製)304部に、炭酸ジメチルの代わりに炭酸ジエチル(東京化成工業株式会社社製)を使用し、反応温度130℃、反応時間150時間とした以外は、製造例1と同様にして、第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be2)としてトリ(4-メチルフェニル)エチルホスホニウムモノエチル炭酸塩の溶液(固形分濃度 50%)を得た。
<第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be3)の製造方法>
滴下ロート、および還流管を備え付けたガラス製丸底3つ口フラスコにトリフェニルホスフィン262部、イソプロピルアルコール1000部仕込み、均一溶解させた後に、ブロモベンゼン(東京化成工業株式会社社製)157部を滴下投入し60℃で2時間反応させた。ついで水酸化ナトリウム40部を投入し60℃で2時間反応させ、析出した塩を除去することで第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be3)として水酸化テトラフェニルホスホニウム溶液(固形分濃度 25%)を得た。
<第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be’1)の製造方法>
攪拌式のオートクレーブに、炭酸ジメチル180部および溶媒のメタノール224部を仕込み、この中にトリブチルホスフィン202部を滴下して仕込み、反応温度125℃にて20時間反応させて、第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be’1)としてトリブチルメチルホスホニウムモノメチル炭酸塩の溶液(固形分濃度 50%)を得た。
滴下ロート、および還流管を備え付けたガラス製丸底3つ口フラスコに製造例1で製造の第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be1)640部を入れ、50℃で温調しながらトリメリット酸(東京化成工業株式会社社製)210部を分割投入後、1,2,4-トリヒドロキシベンゼン(東京化成工業株式会社社製)126部を分割投入した。ついでフェノールノボラック樹脂(明和化成工業株式会社製「H-4」)200部を投入後、溶剤(メタノール)を留去しながら175℃まで昇温後、残った溶剤を減圧除去することで、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q-1)を得た。
実施例1におけるトリメリット酸210部の代わりに5-ヒドロキシイソフタル酸(東京化成工業株式会社社製)182部、1,2,4-トリヒドロキシベンゼンの代わりにフロログルシノール(東京化成工業株式会社社製)の変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q-2)を得た。
実施例1における第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be1)の代わりに製造例2で製造の第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be2)を、トリメリット酸の代わりに1,3,5-ベンゼントリカルボン酸(東京化成工業株式会社社製)、1,2,4-トリヒドロキシベンゼン126部の代わりにレソルシノール(東京化成工業株式会社社製)70部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q-3)を得た。
実施例1における第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be1)640部の代わりに製造例3で製造の第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be3)1200部、トリメリット酸の代わりに5-メチルイソフタル酸(東京化成工業株式会社社製)180部、1,2,4-トリヒドロキシベンゼンの代わりに5-メチルレソルシノール(東京化成工業株式会社社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q-4)を得た。
実施例1における1,2,4-トリヒドロキシベンゼンの代わりにフロログルシノールに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q-5)を得た。
実施例3におけるレソルシノールの代わりにフロログルシノールに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q-6)を得た。
実施例1における第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be1)の代わりに比較製造例1で製造の第4級ホスホニウムベース(A-Be’1)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q’-1)を得た。
実施例2におけるフロログルシノールを使用せず、フェノールノボラック樹脂200部を326部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q’-2)を得た。
実施例3における1,3,5-ベンゼントリカルボン酸の代わりにテレフタル酸(東京化成工業株式会社社製)に変更した以外は、実施例3と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q’-3)を得た。
実施例4における5-メチルイソフタル酸を使用せず、フェノールノボラック樹脂200部を480部に変更した以外は、実施例4と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q’-4)を得た。
実施例1におけるトリメリット酸210部を4-スルホフタル酸の50%水溶液(東京化成工業株式会社社製)420部に変更した以外は、実施例4と同様にして、エポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q’-5)を得た。
実施例1~6で作成した本発明のエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q-1)~(Q-6)、及び比較例1~5で作成した比較のためのエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q’-1)~(Q’-5)の流動性、および硬化性について以下の方法で評価した。
ビフェニル型エポキシ樹脂(軟化点105℃、エポキシ当量 192)100部、p-キシリレンフェノール樹脂(軟化点80℃、水酸基当量174)78重量部、1重量%のシランカップリング剤で処理した溶融シリカ粉末1000部、カルナバワックス1.5部、三酸化アンチモン4部およびカーボンブラック1部に、各例で得られたエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)12部を均一に粉砕混合後、 110℃の熱ロールを用いて5分間溶融混練し、冷却後粉砕して封止材を得た。この封止材について、EMMI 1-66 の方法に準じて175℃(70kg/cm2)でのスパイラルフローのフロー値(単位はcm)を測定し、流動性の指標とした。
キュラストメータV型(日合商事社製、商品名)を使用して、温度175℃、樹脂用ダイスP-200および振幅角度±1°の条件で、それぞれの上記封止剤について硬化トルクを測定し、硬化トルクの立ち上がる点をゲルタイム(単位は秒)として、測定開始から90秒後の硬化トルクの値(単位はkgf・cm)を硬化性(脱型時の強度および硬度)の指標とした。
一方、テトラアルキルホスホニウムカチオンからなる比較例1では、ホスホニウムカチオンの安定性が低いため溶融混連後の封止剤のフロー値が非常に低くなり、成形性に劣ることがわかる。
また有機フェノール化合物(C)を含有しない比較例2、および有機カルボン酸(B)のm位に水素結合可能な基を含有しない比較例3では、有機カルボン酸(B)と有機フェノール化合物(C)との相互作用が不十分であるため、溶融紺練時の反応を抑制できずフロー値が低くなることがわかる。
有機カルボン酸(B)を含有しない比較例4では、溶融紺練の温度で触媒が解離するため、フロー値が低くなることが分かる。
有機カルボン酸化合物(B)中に強酸であるスルホン酸基を含有する比較例5では、硬化温度でも触媒が解離しにくいため硬化性が不十分であることが分かる。
Claims (6)
- 一般式(1)で示される第4級ホスホニウム(A)と、一般式(2)で示される有機カルボン酸(B)のアニオンからなるホスホニウム塩(S)、および一般式(3)で示される有機フェノール化合物(C)を含むことを特徴とするエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)。
[式(1)中、R1~R3は、炭素数6~12のアリール基、R4は炭素数1~8のアルキル基または炭素数6~12のアリール基を表す。]
[式(2)中、R5~R7は、同一または異なって、それぞれ水酸基、カルボキシル基、水素または炭素数1~4のアルキル基を表し、R8は、水酸基またはカルボキシル基を表す。]
[式(3)中、R9~R11は、同一または異なって、それぞれ水酸基、カルボキシル基、水素または炭素数1~4のアルキル基を表す。] - 一般式(3)において、R9及びR11が水素、R10が水酸基またはカルボキシル基である請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)。
- 一般式(3)において、R9及びR11が水素、R10が水酸基である請求項1に記載のエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)。
- 一般式(2)において、R5及びR7が水素、R6が水酸基またはカルボキシル基である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)。
- 有機カルボン酸(B)と有機フェノール化合物(C)のモル比が、80/20~20/80である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)。
- 第4級ホスホニウム(A)のアルキル炭酸塩と有機カルボン酸(B)の塩交換反応によりホスホニウム塩(S)を合成する請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のエポキシ樹脂硬化促進剤(Q)。
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| JP6197187B1 (ja) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-09-20 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| JP2018002911A (ja) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-01-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物、硬化物、及び半導体装置 |
| JP2018016760A (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物、及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
| JP2018016761A (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物、硬化物、及び半導体装置 |
| WO2021210384A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-10-21 | サンアプロ株式会社 | エポキシ樹脂組成物 |
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| JP6197187B1 (ja) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-09-20 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
| WO2018015981A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 半導体封止用樹脂組成物と硬化物、及び半導体装置 |
| JP2018016760A (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物、及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
| JP2018016761A (ja) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 封止用エポキシ樹脂組成物、硬化物、及び半導体装置 |
| WO2021210384A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-10-21 | サンアプロ株式会社 | エポキシ樹脂組成物 |
| JPWO2021210384A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-10-21 | ||
| JP7650865B2 (ja) | 2020-04-14 | 2025-03-25 | サンアプロ株式会社 | エポキシ樹脂組成物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20170108934A (ko) | 2017-09-27 |
| CN107075088A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
| CN107075088B (zh) | 2020-08-11 |
| JP6640120B2 (ja) | 2020-02-05 |
| JPWO2016120925A1 (ja) | 2017-11-09 |
| KR102378915B1 (ko) | 2022-03-24 |
| TW201627345A (zh) | 2016-08-01 |
| TWI687449B (zh) | 2020-03-11 |
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