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WO2016188145A1 - 太阳能电池片、太阳能电池组件、电池片单元及其制备方法 - Google Patents

太阳能电池片、太阳能电池组件、电池片单元及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016188145A1
WO2016188145A1 PCT/CN2016/073451 CN2016073451W WO2016188145A1 WO 2016188145 A1 WO2016188145 A1 WO 2016188145A1 CN 2016073451 W CN2016073451 W CN 2016073451W WO 2016188145 A1 WO2016188145 A1 WO 2016188145A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gate line
main gate
solar cell
cell sheet
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/073451
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲁乾坤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SUZHOU AUTOWAY SYSTEM Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SUZHOU AUTOWAY SYSTEM Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SUZHOU AUTOWAY SYSTEM Co Ltd filed Critical SUZHOU AUTOWAY SYSTEM Co Ltd
Priority to EP16799034.0A priority Critical patent/EP3297039A4/en
Priority to US15/572,973 priority patent/US20180138342A1/en
Priority to JP2017559706A priority patent/JP2018515935A/ja
Priority to SG11201709282YA priority patent/SG11201709282YA/en
Priority to AU2016269043A priority patent/AU2016269043A1/en
Publication of WO2016188145A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016188145A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to AU2019264608A priority patent/AU2019264608A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
    • H10F10/10—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells having potential barriers
    • H10F10/14—Photovoltaic cells having only PN homojunction potential barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H10F19/904—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells characterised by the shapes of the structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H10F19/908—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells for back-contact photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F71/137—Batch treatment of the devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F71/137—Batch treatment of the devices
    • H10F71/1375—Apparatus for automatic interconnection of photovoltaic cells in a module
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • H10F77/215—Geometries of grid contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/93—Interconnections
    • H10F77/933—Interconnections for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/935—Interconnections for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic devices or modules
    • H10F77/937—Busbar structures for modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar cell sheet and a preparation method thereof, and in particular to a solar cell sheet for processing and preparing a solar panel photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof.
  • each of the battery sheets is provided with a soldering strip, the illumination area of the battery sheet is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the effective power generation area; further, there is a gap between the battery sheet and the battery sheet on the serially connected battery strings. , also reduces the light area or power generation area; the above two reasons lead to low power generation efficiency of the battery.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell sheet which has an increased effective light receiving area, an output power, and a high power generation efficiency, and a manufacturing process thereof.
  • a solar cell panel comprising an aluminum back field coating, a silicon wafer layer and a fine grid line, wherein the solar cell sheet is separated by at least two independent regions, one side edge of each region or adjacent to each other The edge is provided with at least one front main gate line, and all the fine gate lines on the front side of the area are electrically connected to the front main gate line of the area.
  • the solar cell sheet mentioned here is an essential component for preparing a solar cell module.
  • the solar cell sheet includes a silicon wafer, an aluminum back field coating, a front fine grid line, three or four strips.
  • the longitudinal main gate line needs to be soldered to connect the main grid lines of the plurality of solar cells in series when the solar cell module is prepared, and usually the energy conversion unit on the existing solar cell sheet is composed of fine grid lines. Connected to the main grid line as a whole, each main grid line simultaneously collects the energy conversion units on the left and right sides Current.
  • the main gate line on the solar cell sheet of the present invention is laterally disposed, and the solar cell sheet is divided into at least two regions independent of each other, and each region is provided with only one front main gate line, and each main gate line only collects the region. (On the side of the front main gate line only)
  • the current of the energy conversion unit in order to improve the energy conversion efficiency, the smaller the area, the shorter the path of the fine gate line to the main gate line, and the efficiency of collection and conversion
  • the higher the process, the cost and the cost it is preferable to select between 2-6 independent regions, and the solar cell sheets of 7 or more regions can be prepared according to actual needs.
  • the solar cell sheet of the invention has higher flexibility in the preparation of the solar module, for example as follows: 1.
  • the regions can be cut into individual solar cell sheets, and the connections between the solar cell sheets. It can be connected in series by serial arrangement and end-to-end interleaving.
  • the main grid line of each solar cell sheet is placed above the entire solar cell unit, and the respective chips are arranged in order from top to bottom.
  • the lower edge just sits on the upper edge of the next die, and just covers the main gate line of the next die, and makes the main gate line of the next die electrically connected to the back positive of the previous die, and so on.
  • All the chips are connected in series, so that the front surface of the solar cell module does not reveal the main gate line, and no main gate line occupies an effective space, so that the effective power generation area of the entire solar cell module is increased, and the use of the ribbon connection is no longer needed, and the abandonment is eliminated.
  • the back surface of the solar cell sheet corresponds to the front side region, and the other side edge of the main gate line located at the corresponding area of the front surface of the solar cell sheet is adjacent to or adjacent to the edge.
  • a back main gate line is provided, and the back main gate line is electrically connected to the back surface electrode of the corresponding area solar cell.
  • an isolation strip is disposed between the front surfaces of the solar cell sheets to electrically isolate adjacent regions.
  • an aluminum back field coating is not disposed on a portion of the back surface of the solar cell sheet corresponding to the position of the front side spacer.
  • a strip line or a line-shaped dividing line not provided with an aluminum back field coating is disposed on a surface of the solar cell sheet corresponding to a position between the front surface regions.
  • front main gate lines of the two outermost regions on the front side of the solar cell sheet are disposed at or near the outermost edge of the solar cell sheet.
  • both ends of the front main gate line in the gate line direction are close to the outermost edge of the solar cell sheet.
  • the front main gate line is a single gate line that penetrates.
  • the front main gate line is composed of at least two mutually separated soldering portion gate lines and at least one connecting portion gate line, and the width of the soldering portion gate line is larger than the width of the connecting portion gate line, the soldering portion Connected by a connection. .
  • a lateral fine gate line perpendicular to the fine gate line and connecting the adjacent fine gate lines is further disposed between the fine gate lines.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing an electrode of a solar cell sheet, comprising the following steps:
  • (1) printing a front electrode correspondingly printing a front screen pattern on a front surface of the silicon wafer, the front screen pattern separating the battery sheet into at least two regions, each region including a fine grid line and the fine grid a front main gate line in which the lines are connected, and a front main gate line of different areas are arranged in parallel, wherein the front main gate lines of the two areas located at the edge of the cell are respectively disposed at or near the edge of the cell;
  • the present invention also provides a solar cell module comprising at least two bonded cell unit, the cell unit comprising a front side and a back side, the front side being provided with a power generating area and disposed in the power generating area a front main gate line of one edge, a plurality of fine gate lines disposed on the power generation region, the fine gate lines being connected to the front main gate lines; the reverse surface being provided with a reverse main gate line and an aluminum back field, And the front main gate line and the reverse main gate line are respectively located on opposite sides of the cell unit; wherein a back main gate line of one of the cell units is bonded and electrically connected to another front main gate line.
  • the cell unit is formed by independently cutting each region from the above solar cell sheet.
  • the front main gate line is connected to one end of the fine gate line.
  • the invention also provides a manufacturing process of the battery cell unit, and the above-mentioned battery cell unit is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • Printing correspondingly printing a front screen pattern and a reverse screen pattern on the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer, the front screen pattern comprising a fine grid line and a front main gate line perpendicular to the fine grid line, An edge of one side of the front screen pattern is provided with a front edge main gate line;
  • the reverse mesh pattern includes a reverse main gate line and an aluminum back field, the reverse main gate line is aligned with the front main gate line, and a side of the reverse screen pattern is provided with a reverse edge main gate line
  • the front edge main gate line and the reverse edge main gate line are respectively located on opposite sides of the silicon wafer;
  • the cutting line is used for cutting a silicon wafer into individual cell units
  • the front main gate line of the first cell unit is coated with a conductive bonding material, and the reverse main gate line of the second cell unit is pasted on the front main gate of the first cell unit.
  • the bonding of the two cell units is completed; then the third cell unit and the second film are bonded in the same manner as the first and second sheets, and so on, until all the cell units are bonded. After the bonding is completed, the solar cell sheet is completed.
  • the conductive bonding material in the third step is a conductive paste or a solder paste or a conductive tape or a solder ribbon.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a front screen pattern in a solar cell sheet of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a reverse mesh screen pattern in a solar cell sheet of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the cutting process of the solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a front surface of a cell unit in a solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a reverse side of a cell sheet unit in a solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the pasting process of the manufacturing process of the solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a second schematic diagram of the process of fabricating the solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell sheet of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell module
  • Figure 11 is a second schematic view of the structure of the solar cell module.
  • Fig. 12 is a structural schematic view showing the main gate line of the front surface of the solar cell.
  • a solar cell panel comprising an aluminum back field coating, a silicon wafer layer and a fine grid line, wherein the solar cell sheet is separated by at least two independent regions, one side edge of each region or adjacent to each other The edge is provided with at least one front main gate line, and all the fine gate lines on the front side of the area are electrically connected to the front main gate line of the area.
  • the solar cell sheet mentioned here is an essential component for preparing a solar cell module.
  • the solar cell sheet includes a silicon wafer, an aluminum back field coating, a front fine grid line, three or four strips.
  • the longitudinal main gate line needs to be soldered to connect the main grid lines of the plurality of solar cells in series when the solar cell module is prepared, and usually the energy conversion unit on the existing solar cell sheet is composed of fine grid lines.
  • the main gate lines are connected as a whole, and each of the main grid lines simultaneously collects currents of the energy conversion units on the left and right sides.
  • the main gate line on the solar cell sheet of the present invention is laterally disposed, and the solar cell sheet is divided into at least two regions independent of each other, and each region is provided with only one front main gate line, and each main gate line only collects the region. (On the side of the front main gate line only)
  • the current of the energy conversion unit in order to improve the energy conversion efficiency, the smaller the area, the shorter the path of the fine gate line to the main gate line, and the efficiency of collection and conversion
  • the higher the process, the cost and the cost it is preferable to select between 2-6 independent regions, and the solar cell sheets of 7 or more regions can be prepared according to actual needs.
  • the solar cell sheet of the invention has higher flexibility in the preparation of the solar module, for example as follows: 1.
  • the regions can be cut into individual solar cell sheets, and the connections between the solar cell sheets. It can be connected in series by serial arrangement and end-to-end interleaving.
  • the main grid line of each solar cell sheet is placed above the entire solar cell unit, and the respective chips are arranged in order from top to bottom.
  • the lower edge just sits on the upper edge of the next die, and just covers the main gate line of the next die, and makes the main gate line of the next die electrically connected to the back positive of the previous die, and so on.
  • the front main gate line of one area can be connected with the back surface electrode of another area by using a connecting line, so that the cells above the solar cell can be connected in series or in parallel or in series or in parallel without cutting the cell. Connected, then connect multiple solar cells in series, and finally complete the installation of a solar module.
  • the solar cell sheet is cut into individual pieces of cell sheets according to regions, and in specific applications, each component includes at least Two sheets of bonded cell unit 1, the cell unit 1 includes a front side and a back side, and a power generating area 2 and a front main gate line 3 disposed on one side edge of the power generating area 2 are disposed on the front side, and the power generating area 2 is provided with a plurality of thin
  • the gate line 4, the fine gate line 4 is connected to the front main gate line 3;
  • the reverse side is provided with a reverse main gate line 5 and an aluminum back field 6, and the front main gate line 3 and the reverse main gate line 5 are respectively located in the cell unit 1
  • the reverse main gate line 5 of one of the cell unit 1 is bonded and electrically connected to the other front main gate line 3, that is, when each two cell unit 1 is bonded, only one front main grid Line 3 is bonded to the opposite main gate line 5 of the other piece.
  • the technical solution of the present invention has the beneficial effects that since the battery sheet is bonded by the plurality of battery sheet units 1, the front surface of the battery sheet does not have the main grid line structure of the solder ribbon, and therefore there is no solder ribbon. Covering the light, greatly improving the light-receiving area and power generation efficiency of the battery; the battery sheets bonded by the plurality of battery cells 1 are beneficial for reducing the short-circuit current and the filling factor loss, and improving the output power;
  • the number of cell units 1 is sufficient, such as 20 or more, the battery string can be directly formed, and no additional welding tape is needed for welding, which greatly improves the production efficiency and overcomes the traditional electricity.
  • Hidden defects caused by pool string welding such as the occurrence of solder joints or poor soldering, greatly improve the overall quality of the battery and battery strings.
  • both ends of the front main gate line in the gate line direction are close to the outermost edge of the solar cell.
  • the solder paste is prevented from forming a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery during soldering.
  • the corner since the corner has a relatively large chamfer, when designing the main gate line of this region, the length is slightly smaller than the length of the short side of the battery sheet, and the design purpose is to use a chamfered small
  • the short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery can be prevented, and the material cost for printing the main gate line is saved.
  • the front main gate line is composed of at least two mutually separated solder portion gate lines 31 and at least one connection portion gate line 32, the solder portion gate lines
  • the width is greater than the width of the grid line of the connecting portion, and the welded portions are connected by a connecting portion.
  • the front main gate line 3 is connected to one end of the thin gate line 4.
  • the fine gate lines 4 can be converged at one end to facilitate bonding with different cell units 1.
  • the solar cell sheet described above that is, the battery sheet including the five battery cell units 1, specifically includes the following steps:
  • the front side screen pattern and the reverse side screen pattern are respectively printed on the front and back sides of the silicon wafer, and the front screen pattern includes the fine grid line 4 and the thin grid line 4 a vertical front main gate line 3, a side of the front screen pattern is provided with a front edge main grid line 7;
  • the reverse mesh pattern includes a reverse main gate line 5 and an aluminum back field 6, the reverse main gate line 5 is aligned with the front main gate line 3, and the opposite side of the screen pattern is provided with a reverse edge main gate line 8 and a front edge
  • the main gate line 7 and the reverse edge main gate line 8 are respectively located at the opposite sides of the silicon wafer Both sides;
  • the cutting line 9 coincides with the edge of the front main gate line 3, and the cutting device is a laser cutting machine or other cutting instrument;
  • Bonding As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the front main gate line 3 of the first cell unit 1 is coated with a conductive bonding material 10, and the reverse main gate line 5 of the second cell unit 1 is applied. Attached to the front main gate line 3 of the first cell unit 1, complete the bonding of the two cell units, as shown in FIG. 8; then the bonding method of the third cell unit and the second piece is The first sheet and the second sheet are bonded in the same manner, and so on, until the five sheet unit 1 is bonded, and the solar cell sheet is completed, as shown in FIG.
  • the technical solution of the present invention has the beneficial effects that the screen pattern of the plurality of battery cell units 1 is printed on the silicon wafer, and then the cutting is performed to form a plurality of battery cell units 1, and finally a plurality of cells are formed.
  • the sheet unit 1 is bonded, which greatly improves the production efficiency; at the same time, the effective light-receiving area of the battery sheet produced by the process is greatly increased, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the battery sheet.
  • the conductive bonding material 10 in the third step is a conductive paste or a solder paste or a conductive tape or a solder ribbon.
  • welding is required by means of infrared welding equipment, wave soldering equipment or reflow soldering equipment.
  • the bonding of the different cell units by the conductive paste or the solder paste or the conductive tape or the soldering tape not only ensures the connection force between the two battery cell units but also ensures the electrical conductivity.
  • the cutting lines 9 are all located on the same side of the front main gate line 3, and the front side.
  • the outer edges of the edge main gate lines 71 are identical.
  • the cutting lines 9 are all located at the lower edge of the front main gate line 3 and coincide with the outer edge of the front edge main gate line 71.
  • the above preferred solution is advantageous for rapid cutting work and high production efficiency; at the same time, no waste products are produced due to miscutting, and the utilization rate of the raw materials for production is improved.
  • the battery piece is bonded by a plurality of battery cell units, when the number of battery cell units is sufficient for one battery string, the battery string is completed correspondingly, and the specifications of the battery string are also flexible, so that different battery strings can be connected in series. Or forming different cell components in parallel, as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, corresponding to different power output parameters, the applicability is stronger.
  • the back surface of the solar cell corresponds to the front side region, and the other side edge of the main gate line opposite to the corresponding area of the front surface of the solar cell sheet is disposed adjacent to or adjacent to the edge.
  • the gate line is electrically connected to the back electrode of the corresponding area solar cell. This is designed to facilitate the connection to the back electrode. Whether the regions are cut into cell sheets and then connected, or the wires are not cut, the special back main gate lines are easier to solder and prevent poor connections.
  • an isolation strip is provided between the regions on the front side of the solar cell sheet to electrically isolate adjacent regions. In this way, each area can be effectively electrically isolated, and the other function is to facilitate cutting along the isolation line when cutting is required.
  • an aluminum back field coating is not disposed on a portion of the back surface of the solar cell sheet corresponding to the position of the front side spacer. This design is to isolate the back electrodes of each area, and truly separate the areas. This is convenient for constructing the series or parallel structure of each area in the non-cutting application.
  • the spacer tape is not coated with an aluminum back field, so that metal burrs are not generated during cutting, which reduces grinding time and provides production efficiency.
  • a strip line or a line-shaped dividing line not provided with an aluminum back field coating is disposed on a surface of the solar cell sheet corresponding to a position between the front surface regions. Print such a dividing line to facilitate cutting. Avoid cutting the wrong position and causing waste.
  • the front main gate lines of the two outermost regions on the front side of the solar cell sheet are disposed at or near the outermost edge of the solar cell sheet. Due to the manufacturing process of the battery sheet, the four corners of the solar cell sheet may have a circular arc or a straight line chamfer. After the solar cell sheet is divided into regions, the cell unit formed by the two end regions has two chamfers, and the middle region has The cell unit is a rectangular rectangle. If the chamfer edge Make the back main gate line, then when the lamination is connected in series, the chamfer will be stacked on the other piece, so that the chamfer is exposed to the outside, so that the chamfer will appear on the front of the entire battery assembly. , not coordinated. After the implementation of the scheme, all the chamfered sides are always covered by the side of the other cell unit having a right angle, so that the entire solar cell module is completely harmonious and beautiful, and has consistency.
  • the front main gate line includes a soldering portion and a connecting portion, the soldering portion has a width larger than a width of the connecting portion, and the soldering portions are connected by a connecting portion, and the front main gate line is a single through hole.
  • a lateral fine gate line perpendicular to the fine gate line and connecting the adjacent fine gate lines is further disposed between the fine gate lines.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing an electrode of a solar cell sheet, comprising the following steps:
  • (1) printing a front electrode correspondingly printing a front screen pattern on a front surface of the silicon wafer, the front screen pattern separating the battery sheet into at least two regions, each region including a fine grid line and the fine grid a front main gate line in which the lines are connected, and a front main gate line of different areas are arranged in parallel, wherein the front main gate lines of the two areas located at the edge of the cell are respectively disposed at or near the edge of the cell;
  • the electrodes of the solar cell sheets mentioned in the above embodiments can be prepared by the preparation method.
  • the solar cell sheets prepared by the above methods can be used for cutting the cell unit, or can be directly connected by using a connecting line or other connection manner. After the front main gate line and the back electrode of the area, the solar cells are connected to form a solar cell module.

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  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)

Abstract

一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池组件、电池片单元及其制备方法。太阳能电池片包括铝背场涂层、硅片层和细栅线（4），太阳能电池片正面分隔为至少两个独立的区域，每个区域的其中一侧边沿或邻近该边沿处设有至少一条正面主栅线（3），该区域的正面所有的细栅线都与该区域的正面主栅线形成电连接。这样的太阳能电池片不再需要传统的正面多条纵向主栅线，也可以不再需要焊带连接工艺，减少了主栅线覆盖的面积，节约了生产成本，提高了太阳能电池组件的效率。

Description

太阳能电池片、太阳能电池组件、电池片单元及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能电池片及其制备方法，具体的说，是涉及一种用于加工制备太阳能电池板光伏组件的太阳能电池片及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着太阳能的广泛应用，太阳能光伏板产业也蓬勃发展。传统的，太阳能电池板在生产时，由于电池片结构的特性，均需要将多块电池片和焊带焊接成电池串，再将电池串和其它组件组装为一体。
由于每片电池片上均设置有焊带，大大减少了电池片的光照面积，从而减少了有效的发电面积；再者，串接而成的电池串上，电池片与电池片之间也存在间距，同样减少了光照面积或发电面积；以上两个原因导致电池片的发电效率低下。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种增大有效受光面积、输出功率和发电效率高的太阳能电池片及其制作工艺。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种太阳能电池片，包括铝背场涂层、硅片层和细栅线，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片正面分隔为至少两个独立的区域，每个区域的其中一侧边沿或邻近该边沿处设有至少一条正面主栅线，该区域的正面所有的细栅线都与该区域的正面主栅线对应电连接。
这里所说的太阳能电池片，是用于制备太阳能电池组件的一个必备部件，在传统的生产工艺中，这个太阳能电池片包括硅片、铝背场涂层、正面细栅线、三条或四条纵向的主栅线，在制备太阳能电池组件时，需要用焊带将多个太阳能电池片的主栅线焊接串联了起来，并且通常现有的太阳能电池片上的各能量转换单元是由细栅线和主栅线连接为一个整体的，每条主栅线同时收集左右两侧能量转换单元的 电流。本发明的太阳能电池片上的主栅线是横向设置的，并且将太阳能电池片分隔为相互独立的至少两个区域，每个区域只设置一条正面主栅线，每条主栅线只收集本区域(仅位于该正面主栅线的一侧)能量转换单元的电流，为了提高能量的转换效率，这个区域越小越好，这样细栅线到主栅线的路径就越短，收集转换的效率就越高，受工艺及成本限制，优选在2-6个独立区域之间进行选择，也可以根据实际需要，制备7个及以上区域的太阳能电池片。本发明的太阳能电池片在太阳能组件的制备应用中，具有更高的灵活性，举例如下：1、可以将各区域切割为一个个独立的太阳能电池单元片，各太阳能电池单元片之间的连接可采用串行排列、首尾交错叠加的方式串联，如将每一片太阳能电池单元片的主栅线置于整个太阳能电池片单元的上方，将各单元片从上到下依次排布，上一片的下沿正好搭在下一单元片的上沿，且正好遮住下一单元片的主栅线，并使得下一单元片的主栅线与上一单元片的背面正极电连接，依次类推，将所有的单元片串联起来，这样，太阳能电池组件的正面没有显露主栅线，没有主栅线占据有效空间，使得整个太阳能电池组件的有效发电面积增加，并且不再需要使用焊带连接，摒弃了焊带连接带来的工序增加、成本增加、占用有效发电面积的弊端。2、如上述方式交错叠加排布，但是正面主栅线与上一片的背面正电极绝缘隔离，所有单元片的正面主栅线在侧面或背面全部连接在一起，所有单元的背面正电极也连接在一起，最后分别引出，即形成并联结构的组件结构。如图3所示。这样为整个组件的电路结构带来更多的组合选择。3、将上述两种连接方式进行任意组合，可以得到更加丰富的组件电路形式。4、可以利用连接线将某一区域的正面主栅线与另一区域的背面电极连接起来，这样，可以不用切割电池片，先将一片太阳能电池片上面各区域串联或并联或串联、并联混合连接起来，然后再将多片太阳能电池片进行串联，最后完成一个太阳能电池组件的安装。
进一步的，所述太阳能电池片背面对应于正面区域、且位于太阳能电池片正面对应区域的主栅线相对的另一侧边沿或邻近该边沿处 设有背面主栅线，该背面主栅线与对应区域太阳能电池片的背面电极电连接。
进一步的，所述太阳能电池片正面各区域之间设有一条使相邻区域之间电气隔离的隔离带。
进一步的，在所述太阳能电池片的背面对应于所述正面隔离带位置的部分不设置铝背场涂层。
进一步的，在所述太阳能电池片的背面对应于所述正面各区域之间的位置，设置条状或线状的不设置铝背场涂层的分割线。
进一步的，所述太阳能电池片正面最外侧的两个区域的正面主栅线，设置于太阳能电池片最外侧边沿处或靠近最外侧边沿处。
进一步的，所述正面主栅线沿栅线方向的两端靠近太阳能电池片最外侧边沿处。
进一步的，所述正面主栅线为一贯通的单一栅线。
进一步的，所述正面主栅线由至少2条相互分离的焊接部栅线和至少1条连接部栅线组成，所述焊接部栅线的宽度大于连接部栅线的宽度，所述焊接部之间由连接部连接。。
进一步的，所述细栅线之间还设有垂直于细栅线并将相邻细栅线连通的横向细栅线。
本发明还提供一种太阳能电池片的电极的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(一)、印刷正面电极：在硅片的正面上对应印刷正面丝网图形，所述正面丝网图形将电池片分隔为至少两个区域，每个区域包括细栅线和与所述细栅线相连通的正面主栅线，不同区域的正面主栅线平行间隔设置，其中位于电池片边沿的两个区域的正面主栅线分别设置于电池片的边沿或靠近边沿处；
(二)、印刷背面铝背场：在硅片的背面对应印刷反面丝网图形，包括反面主栅线和铝背场，所述反面主栅线与所述正面主栅线平行，对应正面的每一个区域均设置一条背面主栅线，且背面主栅线位于该区域远离正面主栅线的一侧；
本发明还提供一种太阳能电池组件，其特征在于，包括至少两片相粘接的电池片单元，所述电池片单元包括正面和反面，所述正面设置有发电区和设置于所述发电区一侧边缘的正面主栅线，所述发电区上设置有若干细栅线，所述细栅线与所述正面主栅线相连接；所述反面设置有反面主栅线和铝背场，且正面主栅线和反面主栅线分别位于所述电池片单元的相对两侧；其中一片所述电池片单元的反面主栅线粘结并导电连接另外一片的正面主栅线。所述电池片单元即由上述太阳能电池片将各区域独立切割而成。
进一步的，所述正面主栅线连接所述细栅线的一端。
本发明还提供一种电池片单元的制作工艺，制作上述的电池片单元，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
一、印刷：在硅片的正、反面上分别对应印刷正面丝网图形和反面丝网图形，所述正面丝网图形包括细栅线和与所述细栅线相垂直的正面主栅线，所述正面丝网图形的一侧的边缘设置有正面边缘主栅线；
所述反面丝网图形包括反面主栅线和铝背场，所述反面主栅线与所述正面主栅线方向一致，所述反面丝网图形的一侧的边缘设置有反面边缘主栅线，所述正面边缘主栅线和反面边缘主栅线分别位于所述硅片的相对两侧；
二、切割：使用切割设备沿着切割线进行切割，形成多片所述电池片单元；
其中，所述切割线用于将硅片切割成独立的电池片单元；
三、粘接：将第一片电池片单元的正面主栅线涂上导电粘接材料，将第二片电池片单元的反面主栅线贴覆于第一片电池片单元的正面主栅线上，完成两片电池片单元的粘结；之后第三片电池片单元和第二片的粘接方式与第一片和第二片的粘接方式相同，以此类推，直至所有电池片单元粘接完毕，完成太阳能电池片的制作。
进一步的，所述步骤三中的导电粘接材料为导电胶或焊锡膏或导电胶带或焊带。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明太阳能电池片中正面丝网图形的的结构示意图；
图2为本发明太阳能电池片中反面丝网图形的的结构示意图；
图3为本发明太阳能电池片的制作工艺的切割示意图；
图4为本发明太阳能电池片中电池片单元正面的结构示意图；
图5为本发明太阳能电池片中电池片单元反面的结构示意图；
图6为本发明太阳能电池片的制作工艺的粘贴示意图之一；
图7为本发明太阳能电池片的制作工艺的粘贴示意图之二；
图8为本发明太阳能电池片的制作工艺中两片电池片单元粘贴后的成品图；
图9为本发明太阳能电池片的结构示意图；
图10为太阳能电池片组件的结构示意图之一；
图11为太阳能电池片组件的结构示意图之二。
图12为太阳能电池片正面主栅线的结构示意图之一。
其中，1、电池片单元，2、发电区，3、正面主栅线，4、细栅线，5、反面主栅线，6、铝背场，7、正面边缘主栅线，8、反面边缘主栅线，9、切割线，10、导电粘接材料，31、焊接部栅线，32、连接部栅线。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普 通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了达到本发明的目的，
一种太阳能电池片，包括铝背场涂层、硅片层和细栅线，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片正面分隔为至少两个独立的区域，每个区域的其中一侧边沿或邻近该边沿处设有至少一条正面主栅线，该区域的正面所有的细栅线都与该区域的正面主栅线对应电连接。
这里所说的太阳能电池片，是用于制备太阳能电池组件的一个必备部件，在传统的生产工艺中，这个太阳能电池片包括硅片、铝背场涂层、正面细栅线、三条或四条纵向的主栅线，在制备太阳能电池组件时，需要用焊带将多个太阳能电池片的主栅线焊接串联了起来，并且通常现有的太阳能电池片上的各能量转换单元是由细栅线和主栅线连接为一个整体的，每条主栅线同时收集左右两侧能量转换单元的电流。本发明的太阳能电池片上的主栅线是横向设置的，并且将太阳能电池片分隔为相互独立的至少两个区域，每个区域只设置一条正面主栅线，每条主栅线只收集本区域(仅位于该正面主栅线的一侧)能量转换单元的电流，为了提高能量的转换效率，这个区域越小越好，这样细栅线到主栅线的路径就越短，收集转换的效率就越高，受工艺及成本限制，优选在2-6个独立区域之间进行选择，也可以根据实际需要，制备7个及以上区域的太阳能电池片。本发明的太阳能电池片在太阳能组件的制备应用中，具有更高的灵活性，举例如下：1、可以将各区域切割为一个个独立的太阳能电池单元片，各太阳能电池单元片之间的连接可采用串行排列、首尾交错叠加的方式串联，如将每一片太阳能电池单元片的主栅线置于整个太阳能电池片单元的上方，将各单元片从上到下依次排布，上一片的下沿正好搭在下一单元片的上沿，且正好遮住下一单元片的主栅线，并使得下一单元片的主栅线与上一单元片的背面正极电连接，依次类推，将所有的单元片串联起来，这样，太阳能电池组件的正面没有显露主栅线，没有主栅线占据有效空间，使得整个太阳能电池组件的有效发电面积增加，并且不再 需要使用焊带连接，摒弃了焊带连接带来的工序增加、成本增加、占用有效发电面积的弊端。2、如上述方式交错叠加排布，但是正面主栅线与上一片的背面正电极绝缘隔离，所有单元片的正面主栅线在侧面或背面全部连接在一起，所有单元的背面正电极也连接在一起，最后分别引出，即形成并联结构的组件结构。如图3所示。这样为整个组件的电路结构带来更多的组合选择。3、将上述两种连接方式进行任意组合，可以得到更加丰富的组件电路形式。4、可以利用连接线将某一区域的正面主栅线与另一区域的背面电极连接起来，这样，可以不用切割电池片，先将一片太阳能电池片上面各区域串联或并联或串联、并联混合连接起来，然后再将多片太阳能电池片进行串联，最后完成一个太阳能电池组件的安装。
如图4-5和图9所示，在本发明太阳能电池片的一些实施方式中，将太阳能电池片按照区域进行切割成一片片独立的电池片单元，在具体应用中，每个组件包括至少两片相粘接的电池片单元1，电池片单元1包括正面和反面，正面设置有发电区2和设置于发电区2一侧边缘的正面主栅线3，发电区2上设置有若干细栅线4，细栅线4与正面主栅线3相连接；反面设置有反面主栅线5和铝背场6，且正面主栅线3和反面主栅线5分别位于电池片单元1的相对两侧；其中一片电池片单元1的反面主栅线5粘结并导电连接另外一片的正面主栅线3，即每两片电池片单元1粘接时，只能是一片的正面主栅线3和另外一片的反面主栅线5相粘接。本实施方式中的电池片单元为5个，当然也可以是3个或其它的多个，在此不做限制。
采用上述技术方案，本发明技术方案的有益效果是：由于电池片由多个电池片单元1粘接而成，电池片的正面不会有焊接焊带的主栅线结构，因此也没有焊带遮住光线，大大提高了电池片的受光面积和发电效率；多个电池片单元1粘接而成的电池片，有利于减少短路电流和填充因子的损耗，提升输出功率；另外，若粘结的电池片单元1数量够多，如20个或更多，则可以直接形成电池串，根本不需要另外使用焊带进行焊接，大大提升了生产效率，同时，克服了传统的电 池串焊接时所导致的隐藏缺陷，如出现虚焊或焊接不牢等现象，大大提高了电池片和电池串的整体质量。
进一步的，正面主栅线沿栅线方向的两端靠近太阳能电池片最外侧边沿处。
采用上述优选的方案，防止焊锡膏在焊接的时候形成电池片正负极之间短路。特别的，针对单晶电池片，因为边角有比较大的倒角，在设计这一区域的主栅线时，其长度略小于电池片短边的长度，设计目的是使用有倒角的小电池片焊接电池串时，也能防止电池片正负极之间短路，且节约了印制主栅线所用材料成本。
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果，如图12所示，正面主栅线由至少2条相互分离的焊接部栅线31和至少1条连接部栅线32组成，所述焊接部栅线的宽度大于连接部栅线的宽度，所述焊接部之间由连接部连接。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本实用新型还可作如下改进：
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果，如图4、图9所示，在本发明太阳能电池片的另外一些实施方式中，正面主栅线3连接细栅线4的一端。
采用上述优选的方案，能够将细栅线4在一端进行汇流，方便与不同电池片单元1的粘接。
为了达到本发明的目的，在本发明太阳能电池片的制作工艺的一些实施方式中，制作上述的太阳能电池片，即包括5个电池片单元1的电池片，具体包括以下步骤：
一、印刷：如图1、图2所示，在硅片的正、反面上分别对应印刷正面丝网图形和反面丝网图形，正面丝网图形包括细栅线4和与细栅线4相垂直的正面主栅线3，正面丝网图形的一侧的边缘设置有正面边缘主栅线7；
反面丝网图形包括反面主栅线5和铝背场6，反面主栅线5与正面主栅线3方向一致，反面丝网图形的一侧的边缘设置有反面边缘主栅线8，正面边缘主栅线7和反面边缘主栅线8分别位于硅片的相对 两侧；
二、切割：如图3所示，使用切割设备沿着切割线9进行切割，形成多片电池片单元1，如图4和图5所示；
其中，切割线9与正面主栅线3的边缘相重合，切割设备为激光切割机或其它的切割仪器；
三、粘接：如图6和图7所示，将第一片电池片单元1的正面主栅线3涂上导电粘接材料10，将第二片电池片单元1的反面主栅线5贴覆于第一片电池片单元1的正面主栅线3上，完成两片电池片单元的粘结，如图8所示；之后第三片电池片单元和第二片的粘接方式与第一片和第二片的粘接方式相同，以此类推，直至5片电池片单元1粘接完毕，完成太阳能电池片的制作，如图9所示。
采用上述技术方案，本实用新型技术方案的有益效果是：在硅片上将多片电池片单元1的丝网图形印刷好，之后进行切割，形成多个电池片单元1，最终将多个电池片单元1进行粘接，大大提高了生产效率；同时使用该工艺制作出来的电池片的有效受光面积大幅度增加，从而提升了电池片的发电效率。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本实用新型还可作如下改进：
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果，如图6所示，在本发明太阳能电池片的另外一些实施方式中，步骤三中的导电粘接材料10为导电胶或焊锡膏或导电胶带或焊带。其中，粘接时需要采用红外焊接设备、波峰焊设备或回流焊设备进行焊接。
采用上述优选的方案，通过导电胶或者焊锡膏或导电胶带或焊带将不同电池片单元进行粘接，不仅能够确保相连两块电池片单元之间的连接力，同时能够确保其导电性能。
为了进一步地优化本发明的实施效果，如图3所示，在本发明太阳能电池片的另外一些实施方式中，步骤二中，切割线9均位于正面主栅线3的同一侧，且与正面边缘主栅线71的外边缘相一致。如图例所示，切割线9均位于正面主栅线3的下边缘，且与正面边缘主栅线71的外边缘一致。
采用上述优选的方案，有利于快速切割工作，提高生产效率；同时不会因误切而生产出废品，提高了生产原料的利用率。
由于电池片由多个电池片单元粘接而成，在电池片单元的数量足够一条电池串时，则对应完成电池串的制作，电池串的规格也比较灵活，因此可以对不同电池串进行串联或并联形成不同的电池片组件，如图10、图11所示，对应不同电力输出参数，适用性更强。
在一些实施例中，所述太阳能电池片背面对应于正面区域、且位于太阳能电池片正面对应区域的主栅线相对的另一侧边沿或邻近该边沿处设有背面主栅线，该背面主栅线与对应区域太阳能电池片的背面电极电连接。这样设计是为了便于对背面电极的连接。无论是将各区域进行切割成电池片单元后进行连接，还是不切割利用连接线连接，专门的背面主栅线更便于焊接，防止连接不良。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，所述太阳能电池片正面各区域之间设有一条使相邻区域之间电气隔离的隔离带。这样一是可以有效将各区域进行电气隔离，另一个作用就是如需要切割时方便沿隔离线对各区域进行切割。
进一步的，在所述太阳能电池片的背面对应于所述正面隔离带位置的部分不设置铝背场涂层。这样设计是对将各区域背部电极进行隔离，真正做到各区域完全隔离，这在不切割应用中，方便构建各区域的串联或并联结构。另外隔离带没有涂覆铝背场，那么在切割时就不会产生金属毛刺，减少打磨时间，提供生产效率。
进一步的，在所述太阳能电池片的背面对应于所述正面各区域之间的位置，设置条状或线状的不设置铝背场涂层的分割线。印刷好这样的分割线，便于切割。避免切错位置，造成废品。
进一步的，所述太阳能电池片正面最外侧的两个区域的正面主栅线，设置于太阳能电池片最外侧边沿处或靠近最外侧边沿处。由于电池片制造工艺决定，太阳能电池片的四角会有圆弧或直线倒角，将太阳能电池片分区域切割后，其中两端的区域构成的电池片单元就有两个倒角，而中间区域的电池片单元则是直角的矩形。如果倒角边沿处 制作背面主栅线，那么在进行叠片串联的时候，这个倒角就会叠在另一片的上面，使得倒角暴露在外面，这样，整个电池组件正面就会出现倒角偶尔出现，不美观，不协调。而按照本方案实施后，所有具有倒角的一边总是被另一片电池片单元具有直角的一侧覆盖，这样，整个太阳能电池组件就完全和谐美观，具有一致性。
进一步的，所述正面主栅线包括焊接部和连接部，所述焊接部的宽度大于连接部的宽度，所述焊接部之间由连接部连接，所述正面主栅线为一贯通的单一栅线或两条或多条相互分离的栅线。这样正面主栅线不用采用完全一样的宽度，可以节约成本。
进一步的，所述细栅线之间还设有垂直于细栅线并将相邻细栅线连通的横向细栅线。这样的结构可以防止某条细栅线断裂后，各电源单元的电流可以通过横向细栅线经相邻的细栅线被收集。
本发明还提供一种太阳能电池片的电极的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(一)、印刷正面电极：在硅片的正面上对应印刷正面丝网图形，所述正面丝网图形将电池片分隔为至少两个区域，每个区域包括细栅线和与所述细栅线相连通的正面主栅线，不同区域的正面主栅线平行间隔设置，其中位于电池片边沿的两个区域的正面主栅线分别设置于电池片的边沿或靠近边沿处；
(二)、印刷背面铝背场：在硅片的背面对应印刷反面丝网图形，包括反面主栅线和铝背场，所述反面主栅线与所述正面主栅线平行，对应正面的每一个区域均设置一条背面主栅线，且背面主栅线位于该区域远离正面主栅线的一侧；
上述各实施方式中提及的太阳能电池片的电极均可利用本制备方法制备，上述方法制备的太阳能电池片，既可以用于切割电池片单元，也可以直接利用连接线或其它连接方式连接各区域的正面主栅线和背面电极后再将各太阳能电池片连接起来组成太阳能电池片组件。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来 说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种太阳能电池片，包括铝背场涂层、硅片层和细栅线，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片正面分隔为至少两个独立的区域，每个区域的其中一侧边沿或邻近该边沿处设有至少一条正面主栅线，该区域的正面所有的细栅线都与该区域的正面主栅线形成电连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片背面对应于正面区域、且位于太阳能电池片正面对应区域的主栅线相对的另一侧边沿或邻近该边沿处设有背面主栅线，该背面主栅线与对应区域太阳能电池片的背面电极电连接。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片正面各区域之间设有一条使相邻区域之间电气隔离的隔离带。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，在所述太阳能电池片的背面对应于所述正面隔离带位置的部分不设置铝背场涂层。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，在所述太阳能电池片的背面对应于所述正面各区域之间的位置，设置条状或线状的不设置铝背场涂层的分割线。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片正面最外侧的两个区域的正面主栅线，设置于太阳能电池片最外侧边沿处或靠近最外侧边沿处。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述正面主栅线沿栅线方向的两端靠近太阳能电池片最外侧边沿处。
  8. 如权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述正面主栅线为一贯通的单一栅线。
  9. 如权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述正面主栅线由至少2条相互分离的焊接部栅线和至少1条连接部栅线组成，所述焊接部栅线的宽度大于连接部栅线的宽度，所述焊接部之间由连接部连接。
  10. 如权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述细栅线之间还设有垂直于细栅线并将相邻细栅线连通的横向细栅线。
  11. 一种太阳能电池片的电极的制备方法，制备如权利要求1或2所 述的太阳能电池片的电极，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (一)、印刷正面电极：在硅片的正面上对应印刷正面丝网图形，所述正面丝网图形将电池片分隔为至少两个区域，每个区域包括细栅线和与所述细栅线相连通的正面主栅线，不同区域的正面主栅线平行间隔设置，其中位于电池片边沿的两个区域的正面主栅线分别设置于电池片的边沿或靠近边沿处；
    (二)、印刷背面铝背场：在硅片的背面对应印刷反面丝网图形，包括反面主栅线和铝背场，所述反面主栅线与所述正面主栅线平行，对应正面的每一个区域均设置一条背面主栅线，且背面主栅线位于该区域远离正面主栅线的一侧；
  12. 一种太阳能电池组件，其特征在于，包括至少两片相粘接的电池片单元，所述电池片单元包括正面和反面，所述正面设置有发电区和设置于所述发电区一侧边缘的正面主栅线，所述发电区上设置有若干细栅线，所述细栅线与所述正面主栅线相连接；所述反面设置有反面主栅线和铝背场，且正面主栅线和反面主栅线分别位于所述电池片单元的相对两侧；其中一片所述电池片单元的反面主栅线粘结并导电连接另外一片的正面主栅线。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的太阳能电池组件，其特征在于，所述正面主栅线连接所述细栅线的一端。
  14. 一种电池片单元的制作工艺，制作如权利要求10或11所述的电池片单元，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
    一、印刷：在硅片的正、反面上分别对应印刷正面丝网图形和反面丝网图形，所述正面丝网图形包括细栅线和与所述细栅线相垂直的正面主栅线，所述正面丝网图形的一侧的边缘设置有正面边缘主栅线；
    所述反面丝网图形包括反面主栅线和铝背场，所述反面主栅线与所述正面主栅线方向一致，所述反面丝网图形的一侧的边缘设置有反面边缘主栅线，所述正面边缘主栅线和反面边缘主栅线分别位于所述硅片的相对两侧；
    二、切割：使用切割设备沿着切割线进行切割，形成多片所述电池 片单元；
    其中，所述切割线用于将硅片切割成独立的电池片单元；
    三、粘接：将第一片电池片单元的正面主栅线涂上导电粘接材料，将第二片电池片单元的反面主栅线贴覆于第一片电池片单元的正面主栅线上，完成两片电池片单元的粘结；之后第三片电池片单元和第二片的粘接方式与第一片和第二片的粘接方式相同，以此类推，直至所有电池片单元粘接完毕，完成太阳能电池片的制作。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的电池片单元的制作工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤三中的导电粘接材料为导电胶或焊锡膏或导电胶带或焊带。
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