WO2016170792A1 - モータ駆動装置およびこれを用いた冷蔵庫 - Google Patents
モータ駆動装置およびこれを用いた冷蔵庫 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016170792A1 WO2016170792A1 PCT/JP2016/002137 JP2016002137W WO2016170792A1 WO 2016170792 A1 WO2016170792 A1 WO 2016170792A1 JP 2016002137 W JP2016002137 W JP 2016002137W WO 2016170792 A1 WO2016170792 A1 WO 2016170792A1
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- pwm
- motor
- ratio
- compressor
- speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
- H02P6/085—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor in a bridge configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/06—Arrangements for speed regulation of a single motor wherein the motor speed is measured and compared with a given physical value so as to adjust the motor speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
- H02P6/182—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using back-emf in windings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/27—Problems to be solved characterised by the stop of the refrigeration cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2517—Head-pressure valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor driving device for driving a brushless DC motor and a refrigerator using the same.
- a four-way valve is provided in the refrigeration cycle, and a normal refrigeration cycle is configured when the compressor is operating.
- the compressor is stopped, the high and low pressures are separated in the refrigeration cycle, and the high pressure refrigerant is passed from the dryer to the compressor, so that the four-way valve is switched so that the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor becomes small.
- the compressor is stopped, the refrigerant on the high-pressure side does not flow into the evaporator, the temperature of the evaporator is kept low, and the internal temperature is not raised, thereby saving energy in the refrigerator ( For example, see Patent Document 1).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of a refrigerator using the conventional motor driving device described in Patent Document 1.
- a refrigeration cycle is formed in the order of a low-pressure shell-type compressor 101, a condenser (condenser) 102, a dryer 103, a capillary 104, and an evaporator 105.
- the refrigerant flows in the refrigeration cycle from the compressor 101 toward the condenser 105 in the order described above.
- the four-way valve 106 has an inlet A connected to the dryer 103, an outlet B connected to the capillary 104, an inlet C connected to the evaporator 105, and an outlet D connected to the compressor 101.
- the inlet A and the outlet B of the four-way valve 106 are communicated with each other, and the inlet C and the outlet D are communicated. Further, when the compressor 101 is stopped, the inlet A and the outlet D of the four-way valve 106 are communicated with each other, and the inlet C and the outlet B are communicated with each other.
- a closed circuit in the high pressure region in which the compressor 101, the condenser 102 and the dryer 103 are provided, and a closed circuit in the low pressure region in which the capillary tube 104 and the evaporator 105 are provided are configured.
- the During the refrigeration cycle operation a regular refrigeration cycle is formed, and a normal cooling operation can be performed.
- the high and low pressures are separated on the cycle, and the high pressure refrigerant is passed from the dryer to the compressor, reducing the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor, and driving the motor with a small load torque fluctuation.
- the device can be activated. With such a configuration, when the refrigeration cycle is stopped, the refrigerant on the high-pressure side does not flow into the evaporator 105, the temperature of the evaporator 105 does not rise, and the loss of the refrigeration cycle can be reduced.
- the conventional configuration as described above cannot cope with a large load torque fluctuation at the time of starting the motor drive device, and in order to start the compressor 101 stably, the four-way valve 106 is set when the compressor 101 is stopped.
- the four-way valve 106 is set when the compressor 101 is stopped.
- it is necessary to balance the suction and discharge pressures of the compressor 101 there is a problem that the system becomes complicated and the cost increases.
- the present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and provides a motor drive device that can be stably started even when a load torque fluctuation is large.
- a motor drive device includes a brushless DC motor that drives a load, and a speed control unit that determines a PWM ON ratio for PWM control of the brushless DC motor. Further, the motor driving device sets the PWM ON ratio to be equal to or lower than the PWM ON ratio determined by the speed control unit in a section where the driving speed of the brushless DC motor is slower than the predetermined speed, and the driving speed of the brushless DC motor is predetermined. In a section faster than the speed, there is a PWM on ratio increasing / decreasing unit that is set to be higher than the PWM on ratio determined by the speed control unit. Furthermore, the motor drive device has a drive unit that performs PWM control for driving the brushless DC motor in accordance with the PWM on-ratio determined by the PWM on-ratio increase / decrease unit.
- the motor driving device increases the output torque of the brushless DC motor in a section where the load is heavy, and reduces the output torque of the brushless DC motor in a section where the load is light. Further, excessive output torque is suppressed in a section where the required torque is low and the speed is low, and output torque can be increased in a section where the torque is insufficient and the speed is high. As a result, even when the load torque fluctuation is large, it is possible to start up while reducing the speed change and reducing the vibration.
- the vibration at the time of starting the motor drive device it is possible to adjust the current flowing through the brushless DC motor by changing the applied voltage in accordance with the change in torque. For this reason, the vibration at the time of starting of a motor drive device can be suppressed.
- the PWM on-ratio is reduced to make it difficult for current to flow in a section where the induced voltage of the brushless DC motor decreases and current flows easily, which is the section where the driving speed of the brushless DC motor decreases.
- the peak current can be suppressed. This makes it possible to save energy by using a high-efficiency motor with a low demagnetizing current and to reduce costs by using an element with a small current rating.
- the motor driving device drives a compressor in a refrigeration cycle in which the motor driving device is connected in the order of a compressor, a condenser, a capillary, an evaporator, and a compressor. It may be configured to start in a state where the pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side remains.
- the motor drive device can be started even when there is a pressure difference between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor, and the temperature of the evaporator is not raised at low cost with a simple system configuration.
- the loss of the refrigeration cycle can be reduced.
- the compressor can be started immediately, and a power supply that causes frequent power failures. Even in bad circumstances, it can be cooled immediately.
- the motor drive device may be configured such that the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor is at least 0.05 MPa. With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the loss of the refrigeration cycle while reducing the acceleration of deterioration due to the increase in vibration of the motor drive device and maintaining the reliability of the compressor.
- a motor driving device is a refrigerator in which a valve is provided between a compressor and a condenser, the valve is closed when the compressor is stopped, and is opened when the compressor is operating.
- the compressor may be driven.
- system can be configured simply and inexpensively compared to a configuration using a four-way valve.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a motor driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a transition diagram showing a change in the PWM ON ratio in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of operations in the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a transition diagram showing changes in the zero-cross detection interval and load torque of the brushless DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of a conventional refrigerator.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a motor driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an AC power source 1 is a general commercial power source, and in Japan, a power source of 50 or 60 Hz with an effective value of 100V.
- the motor driving device 30 is connected to the AC power source 1 and drives the brushless DC motor 5.
- the motor drive device 30 will be described.
- the rectifier circuit 2 rectifies AC power into DC power with the AC power supply 1 as an input, and is composed of four rectifier diodes 2a to 2d connected in a bridge.
- the smoothing unit 3 is connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit 2 and smoothes the output of the rectifier circuit 2.
- the smoothing unit 3 includes a smoothing capacitor 3e and a reactor 3f.
- the output from the smoothing unit 3 is input to the inverter 4.
- the smoothing capacitor 3e and the reactor 3f are set so that the resonance frequency is higher than 40 times the AC power supply frequency. As a result, the current due to the resonance frequency is outside the range of the power supply harmonic regulation, and the harmonic current can be reduced. Further, by providing the smoothing capacitor 3e that satisfies such conditions, the bus voltage includes a large ripple component, and the current flowing from the AC power source 1 to the smoothing capacitor 3e is also a current close to the frequency component of the AC power source 1. Harmonic current can be reduced.
- the reactor 3f only needs to be inserted between the AC power supply 1 and the smoothing capacitor 3e, and may be disposed either before or after the rectifier diodes 2a to 2d. Further, when the common mode filter constituting the high frequency removing means is provided in the circuit, the frequency of the reactor 3f is set in consideration of the combined component with the reactance component of the high frequency removing means.
- the inverter 4 converts DC power in which a large ripple component is included in the voltage from the smoothing unit 3 in a cycle twice the power cycle of the AC power source 1 to AC power.
- the inverter 4 is configured by connecting six switching elements 4a to 4f in a three-phase bridge.
- the six return current diodes 4g to 4l are connected to the switching elements 4a to 4f in the opposite directions, respectively.
- the brushless DC motor 5 includes a rotor 5a having a permanent magnet and a stator 5b having a three-phase winding.
- the brushless DC motor 5 rotates the rotor 5a when the three-phase alternating current generated by the inverter 4 flows in the three-phase winding of the stator 5b.
- the position detection unit 6 detects the magnetic pole position of the stator 5b from the induced voltage generated in the three-phase winding of the stator 5b, the current flowing through the three-phase winding of the stator 5b, the applied voltage, and the like.
- the position detection unit 6 acquires the terminal voltage of the brushless DC motor 5 and detects the relative magnetic pole position of the rotor 5 a of the brushless DC motor 5.
- the position detector 6 detects the relative rotational position of the rotor 5a based on the induced voltage generated in the three-phase winding of the stator 5b. More specifically, the induced voltage is compared with a reference voltage to detect a zero cross.
- the voltage that becomes the reference for the zero cross of the induced voltage may be set by creating a virtual midpoint from the terminal voltages for the three phases, or the DC bus voltage is acquired and that voltage becomes the reference for the zero cross of the induced voltage. It may be a voltage.
- the virtual midpoint is used as a reference voltage for the zero cross of the induced voltage.
- the method of detecting from the induced voltage has a simple configuration and can be configured at a lower cost.
- the speed detector 7 calculates the current drive speed of the brushless DC motor 5 and the average speed of the past one rotation from the position information detected by the position detector 6.
- the time from the zero cross detection of the induced voltage is measured, and the time from the zero cross detection of the induced voltage is calculated as the current speed.
- the interval between the induced voltage zero crosses is detected as the section elapsed time, the sum of the section elapsed time in the past one rotation of the brushless DC motor 5 is calculated, and the average speed of one rotation is calculated from the result.
- the speed control unit 8 compares the average speed of one rotation detected by the speed detection unit 7 with the target speed. If the target speed is higher than the average speed of one rotation, the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5 is increased. If the target speed is lower than the average speed of one rotation, the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5 is lowered, and if they match, the control to maintain the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5 is performed.
- the brushless DC motor 5 set by the speed control unit 8 is used.
- the voltage applied to the brushless DC motor 5 set by the speed control unit 8 is decreased.
- the predetermined speed may be set in advance as a fixed value, or may be determined from the product of the bus voltage and the duty width.
- a predetermined speed is set in advance.
- the range of increase and decrease in applied voltage may be changed according to a predetermined value and a predetermined speed.
- a simple process and configuration can be realized for activation within an assumed range, and can be realized at low cost.
- the applied voltage is changed according to the operation state, and it is possible to cope with a wide load range. In this embodiment, it is a predetermined value.
- the drive unit 10 Based on the position of the rotor 5a of the brushless DC motor detected by the position detection unit 6, the drive unit 10 supplies the power supplied to the three-phase winding of the brushless DC motor 5 by the inverter 4 and performs PWM control. Output a signal. Specifically, the drive signal turns on or off switching elements 4a to 4f of inverter 4 (hereinafter referred to as on / off). As a result, optimum AC power is applied to the stator 5b, the rotor 5a rotates, and the brushless DC motor 5 is driven.
- the driving waveform includes a rectangular wave and a sine wave.
- the drive unit 10 calculates and outputs the PWM duty width based on the applied voltage set by the PWM ON ratio increase / decrease unit 9.
- switching elements 4a, 4c, and 4e of the upper arm are 120 respectively. It is energized while shifting by degrees.
- the lower arm switching elements (switching elements connected to the negative side of the DC voltage input to the inverter 4) 4b, 4d, 4f are energized while being shifted by 120 degrees.
- Switching elements 4a and 4b, 4c and 4d, and 4e and 4f each have an off period of 60 degrees between the energization periods.
- the compressor 17 is mounted on the refrigerator 22, but the rotational motion of the rotor 5a of the brushless DC motor 5 is converted into reciprocating motion by the crankshaft.
- the piston connected to the crankshaft reciprocates in the cylinder to compress the refrigerant in the cylinder. That is, the compressor 17 is comprised by the brushless DC motor 5, a crankshaft, a piston, and a cylinder.
- the compression method (mechanism method) of the compressor 17 an arbitrary method such as a rotary type or a scroll type is used. In this embodiment, the case of the reciprocating type will be described.
- the reciprocating compressor 17 has large torque fluctuations in the suction and compression processes, and the speed and current value fluctuate greatly.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 17 constitutes a refrigeration cycle that passes through the valve 18, the condenser 19, the decompressor 20, and the evaporator 21 in this order and returns to the compressor 17 again. At this time, the condenser 19 radiates heat and the evaporator 21 absorbs heat, so that cooling and heating can be performed.
- the refrigeration cycle is mounted and the refrigerator 22 is configured.
- the valve 18 is an electromagnetic valve that can be opened and closed by energization.
- the valve 18 is opened while the compressor 17 is in operation, and allows the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 to communicate with each other. Thereby, the refrigerant flows in the refrigeration cycle.
- the valve 18 is closed and the space between the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 is closed so that the refrigerant does not flow.
- FIG. 2 is a transition diagram showing a change in the PWM ON ratio in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the horizontal axis indicates the time after the zero cross detection is performed.
- the vertical axis of the graph A in FIG. 2 indicates the duty ON ratio when the inverter 4 is PWM-controlled, and the vertical axis of the graph B in FIG. 2 indicates the average PWM ON ratio from the zero cross.
- Rb1 indicates the maximum average PWM ON ratio that is applied when the driving speed of the brushless DC motor 5 is faster than the average speed of the past one rotation, and is equal to Ra1.
- Rb2 represents the PWM ON ratio determined by the speed control unit 8.
- Rb3 indicates the minimum average PWM ON ratio applied when the drive speed of the brushless DC motor 5 is slower than the average speed of the past one rotation, and is equal to Ra2.
- Ra3 indicates the minimum PWM ON ratio necessary for the position detector 6 to detect the magnetic pole position of the rotor 5a.
- T0 indicates the timing of zero-cross detection
- T2 is the average time of the zero-cross detection interval obtained from the average speed for the past one rotation.
- T1 is the average time of the zero-cross detection interval obtained from the average speed for the past one rotation.
- the average PWM ON ratio becomes the PWM ON ratio Rb2 determined by the speed controller 8, so that the PWM ON ratio Ra1 is operated from T0, and the PWM ON ratio is changed to Ra3 on the way. Indicates the switching timing.
- T3 is
- Ra1 is set from T0 to T1
- Ra3 is set from T1 to T2.
- driving is performed at a PWM ON ratio higher than the PWM ON ratio determined by the speed control unit 8.
- the motor is continuously driven with Ra3, and after T3, it is driven with Ra2, so that the motor driving device 30 is driven with a PWM ON ratio or less determined by the speed controller 8 at a speed below the average. It becomes.
- the maximum average PWM ON ratio is Rb1
- the minimum is Rb3.
- Ra3 ensures a PWM ON ratio at which at least the position detector 6 can detect the magnetic pole position of the rotor 5a.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of operations in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 is called when zero cross detection is performed.
- the zero cross detection timer indicating the elapsed time from the zero cross detection is cleared, and the process proceeds to STEP 202.
- STEP 203 it is determined whether the elapsed time of the zero cross detection timer is T1 or more. If it is less than T1, the process proceeds to STEP 204, and if it is equal to or greater than T1, the process proceeds to STEP 206.
- the zero cross detection timer is assumed to be less than T1, and the process proceeds to STEP 204.
- STEP 204 the ON ratio of the inverter 4 when the brushless DC motor 5 is PWM-controlled is set.
- the PWM ON ratio is set to Ra1, and the process proceeds to STEP 205.
- STEP 205 it is determined whether the position detector 6 has detected a zero cross. If the position detector 6 does not detect a zero cross, the process proceeds to STEP 203 again. If a zero cross is detected, the process ends.
- the zero cross detection timer determines whether or not T3 which is equal to or smaller than the minimum PWM ON ratio when the average PWM ON ratio from the zero cross detection until now is slower than the average speed. If it is less than T3, the process proceeds to STEP 207, and if it is equal to or greater than T3, the process proceeds to STEP 208. Here, assuming that the zero cross detection timer is less than T3, the process proceeds to STEP 207.
- STEP 207 the ON ratio of the inverter 4 when the brushless DC motor 5 is PWM-controlled is set.
- the PWM ON ratio is set to Ra3, and the process proceeds to STEP 205.
- STEP 208 the ON ratio of the inverter 4 when the brushless DC motor 5 is subjected to PWM control is set.
- the PWM ON ratio is set to Ra2, and the process proceeds to STEP 205.
- the process is terminated.
- the process proceeds to the end of the route from STEP 204, the zero cross is detected before T2 representing the current average zero cross detection interval, and thus the section is faster than the average speed. Therefore, Rb1 higher than the PWM ON ratio Rb2 determined by the speed control unit 8 is output as the average PWM ON ratio during that period.
- the zero cross detection timer is T2
- the average PWM ON ratio matches the PWM ON ratio Rb2 determined by the speed control unit 8.
- the average PWM ON ratio is higher than the PWM ON ratio Rb2 determined by the speed controller 8 between Rb1 and Rb2.
- the zero-cross detection timer is later than T2, the value is lower than Rb2 between Rb2 and Rb3.
- the relationship between the efficiency of the brushless DC motor 5 and the demagnetization limit current will be described in detail.
- the torque obtained with the same current increases, and the current for outputting the necessary torque decreases, so the efficiency improves.
- the demagnetizing magnetic force that irreversibly reduces the magnetic force of the permanent magnet in the rotor 5a does not change, the demagnetization limit current that is the limit current that does not cause demagnetization of the rotor 5a is the same as that of the stator 5b.
- the smaller the number of turns the smaller. In other words, if a large current is to be supplied, a large demagnetization limit current is required, and an inefficient motor is used.
- the drive of the brushless DC motor may stop due to overcurrent protection prepared to prevent these.
- the PWM on-ratio is reduced at a portion where the speed is low, and the current value can be suppressed by reducing the applied voltage.
- An efficient motor can be employed.
- FIG. 4 is used to show the effect of increasing the PWM ON ratio in a section where the speed is high and decreasing the PWM ON ratio in a section where the speed is slow.
- FIG. 4 is a transition diagram showing changes in the zero-cross detection interval and load torque of the brushless DC motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 4 shows the phase of the brushless DC motor 5, and the phase for one rotation is plotted.
- the vertical axis of the graph C in FIG. 4 indicates the zero-cross detection interval, and the graph D in FIG. 4 indicates the change in the load torque. As shown in FIG.
- the applied voltage is not changed according to the speed in one rotation, and is monotonously increased for acceleration. Since the load torque greatly varies due to the differential pressure and the speed variation increases, there is a problem that the vibration increases and the possibility of failure due to wear of parts of the compressor 17 increases.
- the reliability can be greatly improved compared to the conventional application method.
- the valve 18 is opened, and the discharge of the compressor 17 and the condenser 19 are communicated.
- the valve 18 is opened at the same time as the compressor 17 is started, there is no problem even if the valve 18 is slightly changed in time. If the driving of the compressor 17 is continued, the condenser 19 becomes high pressure, the pressure is reduced by the pressure reducer 20, and the evaporator 21 becomes low pressure. At this time, the discharge connected to the condenser 19 of the compressor 17 becomes high pressure, and the suction connected to the evaporator 21 becomes low pressure.
- the internal temperature of the refrigerator 22 is lowered and the compressor 17 is stopped.
- valve 18 When the valve 18 remains open, the pressures of the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 are gradually balanced. Although it depends on the refrigerator system, it takes about 10 minutes until the pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor 17 reaches a balanced state of 0.05 MPa or less.
- the valve 18 When the valve 18 is shifted from the open state to the closed state simultaneously with the stop of the compressor 17, the pressure difference between the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 is substantially maintained, and a pressure difference remains between discharge and suction of the compressor 17. .
- the internal temperature of the refrigerator 22 rises and the compressor 17 is started again, the state in which the valve 18 is closed while the compressor 17 is stopped and the pressure difference is maintained is compared with the case where the pressure is balanced and started.
- the electric power for providing the pressure difference again between the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 can be reduced, so that energy saving can be further achieved. Further, even when the valve 18 is left open while the compressor 17 is stopped, and even when the valve 18 is not provided, the interval between the suction and discharge of the compressor 17 from the stop of the compressor 17 can be reduced. If the internal temperature rises 10 minutes before the pressure balances, the conventional configuration can start only when the pressure difference is 0.05 MPa or less, so it is necessary to wait for 10 minutes to elapse.
- the refrigerator 22 using the motor drive device 30 of the present embodiment it can be started even with a differential pressure of 0.05 MPa or more, so the internal temperature rises and the compressor 17 needs to be operated. It is possible to start at the right timing. Therefore, compared with the state where the pressure difference is balanced, the electric power for providing the pressure difference between the condenser 19 and the evaporator 21 is reduced, so that further energy saving can be achieved.
- the motor drive device 30 includes the brushless DC motor 5 that drives the load, and the speed control unit 8 that determines the PWM ON ratio for PWM control of the brushless DC motor 5. And a PWM ON ratio increase / decrease unit 9.
- the PWM on-ratio increasing / decreasing unit 9 sets the PWM on-ratio to a value equal to or lower than the PWM on-ratio determined by the speed control unit 8 when the speed of the brushless DC motor 5 is lower than the predetermined speed, and when the speed is higher than the predetermined speed.
- the PWM ON ratio determined by the speed control unit 8 is set to be equal to or higher.
- the motor drive device 30 further includes a drive unit 10 that performs PWM control for driving the brushless DC motor 5 in accordance with the PWM on-ratio determined by the PWM on-ratio increase / decrease unit 9.
- the motor driving device 30 selectively drives the compressor 17 in the refrigeration cycle in which the compressor 17, the condenser 19, the decompressor 20, the evaporator 21, and the compressor 17 are connected in this order. Then, the compressor 17 is configured to start in a state where a pressure difference remains between the suction side and the discharge side of the compressor 17. With such a configuration, even if there is a pressure difference between the suction and discharge of the compressor 17, it can be started. Thereby, the loss of the refrigerating cycle can be reduced without increasing the temperature of the evaporator 21 at a low cost with a simple system configuration.
- the compressor 17 can be started immediately. As a result, it is possible to immediately cool even in a poor power supply situation where power outages occur frequently.
- the pressure difference between the discharge side and the suction side of the compressor 17 is selectively configured to be at least 0.05 MPa.
- a valve 18 is selectively provided between the compressor 17 and the condenser 19.
- the valve 18 is closed when the compressor 17 is stopped and is opened when the compressor 17 is in operation.
- the motor driving device 30 drives the compressor 17.
- the position detection unit 6 detects that the spike voltage has disappeared, and detects the position of the rotor from the induced voltage after the disappearance is detected. The position is detected after the process is completed. For this reason, position detection and spike voltage can be separated even for sudden changes in current, and accurate position detection can be performed without erroneously detecting motor phase delay and spike voltage as induced voltage. . As a result, the motor drive device can be driven with a stable current waveform.
- the present invention provides a motor drive device that can be stably started even in a large load torque fluctuation state, and a refrigerator using the motor drive device. Therefore, it can be widely used not only for refrigerators but also for compressors in air conditioners, vending machines, showcases, and heat pump water heaters.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態におけるモータ駆動装置のブロック図である。図1において、交流電源1は一般的な商用電源で、日本においては実効値100Vの50または60Hzの電源である。モータ駆動装置30は、交流電源1に接続され、ブラシレスDCモータ5を駆動する。以下、モータ駆動装置30について説明する。
Rb1≧Rb2≧Rb3>Ra3 (3)
となる。Ra3は、少なくとも位置検出部6で回転子5aの磁極位置を検出できるPWMオン比率を確保する。
2 整流回路
2a,2b,2c,2d 整流ダイオード
3 平滑部
3e 平滑コンデンサ
3f リアクタ
4 インバータ
4a,4b,4c,4d,4e,4f スイッチング素子
4g,4h,4i,4j,4k,4l 還流電流用ダイオード
5 ブラシレスDCモータ
5a 回転子
5b 固定子
6 位置検出部
7 速度検出部
8 速度制御部
9 PWMオン比率増減部
10 ドライブ部
17 圧縮機
18 弁
19 凝縮器
20 減圧器
21 蒸発器
22 冷蔵庫
30 モータ駆動装置
Claims (4)
- 負荷を駆動させるブラシレスDCモータと、前記ブラシレスDCモータをPWM制御するためのPWMオン比率を決定する速度制御部と、前記ブラシレスDCモータの駆動速度により前記PWMオン比率を増減させるPWMオン比率増減部と、前記PWMオン比率増減部で決定されたPWMオン比率に従って前記ブラシレスDCモータを駆動するためのPWM制御を行うドライブ部を備え、
前記PWMオン比率増減部は、前記ブラシレスDCモータの駆動速度が所定の速度より遅い区間では、前記PWMオン比率を前記速度制御部で決定されたPWMオン比率以下に設定し、前記所定の速度より速い区間では、前記PWMオン比率を前記速度制御部で決定されたPWMオン比率以上に設定するよう構成されたモータ駆動装置。 - 請求項1に記載のモータ駆動装置を備え、前記モータ駆動装置が、圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧器、蒸発器および前記圧縮機の順に接続されて構成された冷凍サイクルにおける前記圧縮機を駆動し、前記圧縮機の吸入側と吐出側との圧力差が残る状態で起動するよう構成された冷蔵庫。
- 前記圧力差は少なくとも0.05MPa以上に設定された請求項2に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 前記圧縮機と前記凝縮器との間に弁が設けられ、前記圧縮機停止時に前記弁が閉じられ、前記圧縮機運転時は開かれるよう構成された請求項2または3に記載の冷蔵庫。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16782814.4A EP3288176B1 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-04-21 | Motor drive device and refrigerator employing same |
| SG11201708733QA SG11201708733QA (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-04-21 | Motor drive device and refrigerator employing same |
| BR112017022814A BR112017022814A2 (pt) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-04-21 | dispositivo de acionamento de motor e refrigerador que emprega o mesmo. |
| US15/567,892 US20180123487A1 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-04-21 | Motor drive device and refrigerator employing same |
| CN201680023052.8A CN107624219A (zh) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-04-21 | 电动机驱动装置和使用它的冷藏库 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015-088898 | 2015-04-24 | ||
| JP2015088898A JP2016208708A (ja) | 2015-04-24 | 2015-04-24 | モータ駆動装置およびこれを用いた冷蔵庫 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2016170792A1 true WO2016170792A1 (ja) | 2016-10-27 |
Family
ID=57142980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2016/002137 Ceased WO2016170792A1 (ja) | 2015-04-24 | 2016-04-21 | モータ駆動装置およびこれを用いた冷蔵庫 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20180123487A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3288176B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2016208708A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN107624219A (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR112017022814A2 (ja) |
| SG (1) | SG11201708733QA (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2016170792A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7573152B2 (ja) * | 2019-11-22 | 2024-10-25 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | モータ駆動装置及びこれを用いた冷蔵庫 |
| CN114257135A (zh) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-29 | 深圳市巴丁微电子有限公司 | 一种电机输出动态调节方法、系统及存储介质 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003028553A (ja) * | 2001-05-11 | 2003-01-29 | Toshiba Corp | 冷蔵庫 |
| JP2005090466A (ja) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-04-07 | Toshiba Corp | コンプレッサの駆動装置及びそれを用いた冷蔵庫 |
| JP2006121774A (ja) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-05-11 | Denso Corp | モータ制御回路 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW328190B (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1998-03-11 | Toshiba Co Ltd | Control device of brushless motor and method of fault detection and air conditioner |
| JPH0835713A (ja) * | 1994-07-26 | 1996-02-06 | Fujitsu General Ltd | 空気調和機の制御方法およびその装置 |
| MY122977A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 2006-05-31 | Panasonic Corp | Refrigerating apparatus, and refrigerator control and brushless motor starter used in same |
| TW528847B (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2003-04-21 | Hitachi Ltd | Refrigerator |
| JP2004254460A (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-09 | Corona Corp | 冷凍サイクル制御装置 |
| KR100738755B1 (ko) * | 2003-04-22 | 2007-07-12 | 마츠시타 덴끼 산교 가부시키가이샤 | 모터 제어 장치, 압축기, 공기 조화기, 및 냉장고 |
| JP4022552B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-18 | 2007-12-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | ブラシレスモータの駆動方法とその駆動制御装置 |
| EP2339266B1 (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2018-03-28 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Refrigerating apparatus |
| JP2013034364A (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-02-14 | Panasonic Corp | インバータ制御装置およびこれを用いた電動圧縮機、並びに電気機器 |
| JP6179842B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2017-08-16 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 冷凍装置及び冷凍装置用増設冷媒量調整装置 |
| DE102014200981A1 (de) * | 2014-01-21 | 2015-07-23 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | Verdichter für einen Kältekreislauf eines Haushaltskältegeräts, Haushaltskältegerät mit einem Verdichter und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Verdichters eines Haushaltskältegeräts |
-
2015
- 2015-04-24 JP JP2015088898A patent/JP2016208708A/ja active Pending
-
2016
- 2016-04-21 CN CN201680023052.8A patent/CN107624219A/zh active Pending
- 2016-04-21 WO PCT/JP2016/002137 patent/WO2016170792A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2016-04-21 BR BR112017022814A patent/BR112017022814A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-04-21 SG SG11201708733QA patent/SG11201708733QA/en unknown
- 2016-04-21 EP EP16782814.4A patent/EP3288176B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2016-04-21 US US15/567,892 patent/US20180123487A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003028553A (ja) * | 2001-05-11 | 2003-01-29 | Toshiba Corp | 冷蔵庫 |
| JP2005090466A (ja) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-04-07 | Toshiba Corp | コンプレッサの駆動装置及びそれを用いた冷蔵庫 |
| JP2006121774A (ja) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-05-11 | Denso Corp | モータ制御回路 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20180123487A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
| EP3288176A1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
| EP3288176B1 (en) | 2020-12-02 |
| SG11201708733QA (en) | 2017-11-29 |
| EP3288176A4 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
| JP2016208708A (ja) | 2016-12-08 |
| BR112017022814A2 (pt) | 2018-07-17 |
| CN107624219A (zh) | 2018-01-23 |
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