WO2016039419A1 - ジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法及びジルコニア系セラミックス - Google Patents
ジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法及びジルコニア系セラミックス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016039419A1 WO2016039419A1 PCT/JP2015/075732 JP2015075732W WO2016039419A1 WO 2016039419 A1 WO2016039419 A1 WO 2016039419A1 JP 2015075732 W JP2015075732 W JP 2015075732W WO 2016039419 A1 WO2016039419 A1 WO 2016039419A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0012—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
- A61C13/0003—Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
- A61C13/0006—Production methods
- A61C13/0018—Production methods using laser
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/0036—Laser treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/91—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
- A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
- A61C2008/0046—Textured surface, e.g. roughness, microstructure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/963—Surface properties, e.g. surface roughness
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface structure forming method for producing a periodic fine structure on the surface of a zirconia ceramic and a zirconia ceramic having a periodic structure on the surface.
- zirconia ceramics to be processed by the present application have high strength and show different characteristics depending on the concentration and type of additive.
- a material doped with a predetermined concentration of yttria has toughness and is expected to be applied to biomaterials and mechanical materials.
- yttria yttrium oxide
- oxygen ion conductivity so that it is applied to an oxygen sensor.
- Zirconia ceramics are difficult to machine because of their high mechanical properties such as toughness, hardness and wear resistance. Although it is a difficult-to-process material, due to its excellent mechanical properties, zirconia ceramics can be applied to biomaterials such as dental implants and alternative bones. However, since the affinity with the living body is small as it is, a technique for coating the surface with a material such as apatite having a high biological affinity is desired in order to increase the biocompatibility. In recent years, tetragonal zirconia-containing materials are non-toxic and have excellent mechanical properties, so that their use as medical device materials has been expanded. Already, dental restorations such as artificial joints and crowns, artificial It is clinically applied to tooth roots.
- tetragonal zirconia has poor tissue conductivity that conducts the original normal tissue of the implantation site to the material surface compared to calcium phosphate, it is square regardless of whether it is implanted in bone or soft tissue.
- a thin (thickness 1-10 ⁇ m) fibrous connective tissue is formed on the crystal zirconia surface and does not directly bond to bone or soft tissue.
- tetragonal zirconia has not been reported to have blood compatibility like calcium phosphate. Therefore, a method of directly bonding to a living bone in a body after surgery by coating a surface of a ceramic material such as zirconia with a tissue conductive material is expected.
- a ceramic material such as zirconia
- a tissue conductive material is expected.
- the optimum material it is considered that calcium phosphate such as hydroxyapatite (bone component) is coated on the surface of a metal material or a ceramic material such as zirconia to be bonded to bone.
- Patent Document 1 in order to perform nano-level fine processing, a processing method for forming a fine structure having a size smaller than the wavelength of the irradiated laser by irradiating an ultrashort pulse laser (femtosecond laser) with polarization control. has been reported.
- a suitable fluence range is stated to be 10 times the ablation threshold from the ablation threshold.
- fluence is described as energy per unit area (J / cm 2 ) obtained by dividing the output energy per pulse of laser light by the irradiation cross-sectional area, and the ablation threshold value. Is described as the minimum value of the energy density at which the material surface evaporates by irradiating the material surface with a laser.
- Patent Document 1 by irradiating the surface of a solid material with an ultrashort pulse laser that is linearly polarized, it is possible to form a fine structure composed of elongated protrusions along a direction perpendicular to the polarization direction. It has been reported that a fine structure composed of granular protrusions can be formed by irradiation.
- the size of the microstructure has a positive correlation with the wavelength of the laser to be irradiated, and is reported to be a microstructure having a size (1/10 to 3/5) significantly smaller than the wavelength.
- an example is described in which fine processing is performed on a surface using a nitride ceramic (TiN) film, an amorphous carbon film, and stainless steel as samples.
- Patent Document 2 reports a surface treatment method in which fine unevenness is periodically formed by irradiating a material surface with uniaxial laser light. Scanning while overlapping the laser beam irradiation area, and self-organizing orthogonal to the polarization direction of the incident light by ablation of the interference part of the scattered light of the p-polarized component of the incident light and the p-polarized component along the material surface Further, it is described that a periodic structure having an interval between the incident light component ⁇ / 2 and the incident light ⁇ is manufactured. It is described that the number of times of laser irradiation in the same portion is set to be 10 to 300 shots.
- Patent Document 2 it is possible to change the direction of the periodic structure by changing the polarization direction of the incident light by using the fact that the periodic structure is formed in a direction orthogonal to the polarization direction of the incident light. , And is described. An appropriate fluence range is described as near the ablation threshold. Examples of samples on the surface of the Si base, Cu tape, and Al tape are shown as processing objects.
- a hydroxyapatite film having a high bone-bonding property is formed on a base material by forming irregularities of a periodic structure on the surface of the base material of Si or stainless steel with an ultrashort pulse laser and depositing hydroxyapatite.
- a method has been proposed.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 are techniques in which periodic grooves are formed in a direction orthogonal to the polarization direction of incident light. There are no reports of experimental examples for zirconia ceramics.
- Non-patent Document 1 there are no reports of submicron-sized periodic structures.
- Non-patent Document 2 Non-patent Document 2
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 there are reports (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 when a laser beam is irradiated with a fluence that causes ablation or damage to the metal surface or silicon surface, the solid surface is about half the wavelength to the wavelength (depending on the incident angle and refractive index). ) It is based on the formation of irregularities.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 are techniques in which periodic grooves are formed in a direction orthogonal to the polarization direction of incident light. Further, in Patent Document 2, since the same phenomenon occurs from a weak irradiation fluence near the ablation threshold to a high fluence, a beam having a spatial Gaussian intensity distribution is irradiated while being continuously shifted on the solid surface. It is shown that a periodic structure is formed.
- An object of this invention is to provide the surface structure formation method which forms the periodic structure of a fine unevenness
- An object of this invention is to provide the zirconia-type ceramics which have a periodic uneven
- the period is preferably a submicron to micron size (about 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m).
- the present invention has the following features in order to achieve the above object.
- the method of the present invention is a method for forming a surface structure of zirconia-based ceramics, and is characterized by irradiating the surface of the zirconia-based ceramics with laser light to form an irregular periodic structure in the laser light spot.
- the method of the present invention is a method for forming a surface structure of zirconia ceramics, and by irradiating the ceramic surface with linearly polarized ultrashort pulse laser light, striped irregularities parallel to the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light are formed.
- the laser beam is formed in a spot of laser light.
- the method of the present invention is a method for forming a surface structure of a zirconia ceramic, and periodically forms a mesh-like convex portion and a dot-like concave portion by irradiating the ceramic surface with a circularly polarized ultrashort pulse laser beam. It is characterized by that.
- the method of the present invention is a method of forming a surface structure of zirconia-based ceramics, condensing laser light on a space-limiting mask having a shape capable of irradiating only the periodic structure generation portion, and transferring the image of the shape to an optical system. Irradiating the surface of the zirconia-based ceramic, a plurality of periodic structure generation portions having the above-described shape are spread.
- the zirconia ceramic of the present invention is characterized in that an irregular periodic structure is formed in a laser light irradiation spot on the surface of the zirconia ceramic.
- the zirconia ceramic of the present invention is characterized in that a periodic structure of striped irregularities on the surface of a zirconia ceramic is formed in a laser beam irradiation spot.
- the zirconia ceramic of the present invention is characterized in that a periodic structure of mesh-like convex portions and dot-like concave portions is formed in a laser light irradiation spot on the surface of the zirconia ceramic.
- the present invention is the first to realize a zirconia-based ceramics having a periodic, striped or concavo-convex fine structure with irregularities on the surface. Since it is formed by irradiation with ultrashort pulse laser light, it is possible to form a fine structure having a concave / convex period of about the wavelength of the laser used.
- the zirconia-based ceramics having the fine structure of the present invention on the surface can be produced by an ultrashort pulse laser beam under appropriate conditions, the surface is not affected by thermal adverse effects or impurity doping.
- the adhesion of the film attached to the surface of the zirconia ceramics is improved, and in addition to the mechanical properties inherent to zirconia ceramics, the mechanical strength of the entire component coated with this And heat resistance can be improved.
- the periodic structure of fine irregularities can be increased in area, and a ceramic having a high area ratio in the entire periodic structure region can be realized.
- the zirconia-based ceramic having a periodic fine structure formed by the method of the present invention can improve the adhesion of the calcium phosphate coating due to the fine irregularities.
- a figure is a laser beam In the case of s-polarized light
- the embodiment of the present invention relates to a zirconia-based ceramics having a striped structure composed of periodic irregularities on the surface, or a fine structure of periodic mesh-shaped convex portions and dotted concave portions.
- the present invention is based on the novel finding that when a laser beam is irradiated on the surface of a zirconia ceramic member, an irregular periodic fine structure is formed in the laser irradiation spot.
- a striped periodic fine structure is formed in a direction parallel to the polarization direction, and when irradiated with circularly polarized laser light, a mesh This is based on a novel finding that a periodic fine structure of a ridge-shaped convex portion and a point-shaped concave portion is formed.
- the laser beam is an ultrashort pulse laser (a femtosecond laser (a laser that can emit light only during the femtosecond level), which is less likely to be thermally affected during the concavo-convex processing of the zirconia surface.
- a pulse width of 10 ps or less is used.
- the portion irradiated with the ultrashort pulse laser undergoes a shape change, but the energy of the entire pulse is extremely suppressed because of the high peak power. Since the pulse is short, the absorbed heat is blown off by ablation without diffusing the absorbed heat from the irradiated surface to the inside or around the surface.
- a titanium sapphire laser known as a femtosecond laser or an yttrium laser (including 1 ps-10 ps in addition to the femtosecond (fs) level) can be used.
- a tunable femtosecond pulsed light source using a parametric amplifier based on a nonlinear wavelength conversion process can be used.
- Polarized light includes linearly polarized light, circularly polarized light, or elliptically polarized light, which is a more general expression.
- linearly polarized incident laser light when linearly polarized incident laser light is used, a striped periodic fine structure with irregularities is formed in a direction parallel to the polarization direction.
- circularly polarized incident laser light when circularly polarized incident laser light is used, the uneven periodic striped fine structure is not formed, but the periodic fine structure of the mesh-like convex portions and the dotted concave portions is formed.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the present invention, and is a diagram for explaining the polarization direction of laser light incident on a workpiece and the periodic structure of the workpiece surface to be formed.
- the polarization direction of the laser light incident on the workpiece is s-polarized light
- the periodic structure of the irregularities on the surface of the zirconia ceramic becomes a stripe shape parallel to the polarization direction (see FIG. 5A).
- the polarization direction of the laser light incident on the workpiece is p-polarized light
- the periodic structure of the irregularities on the surface of the zirconia ceramic becomes a stripe shape parallel to the polarization direction (see FIG. 5B).
- ⁇ represents the incident angle of incident light.
- FIG. 2 shows the spatial distribution (upper stage) of laser light irradiation, the structure distribution of the surface of the spot trace ablated by the laser light (middle stage), and the distribution of the depth of the hole (lower stage) in the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the relationship.
- the vertical axis in the upper stage is fluence.
- the fluence is the energy per unit area per pulse of the laser light irradiated to a certain location.
- the downward vertical axis in FIG. 2 indicates the hole depth distribution (Depth). The shape after irradiation with a laser pulse for a certain number of shots is shown. The horizontal axis indicates the radial distance of the spot.
- the vertical stripe pattern indicates the region where the irregular periodic structure is formed, and the outer dotted dotted portion has the ablation mark but the periodic structure. Indicates a region that is not clearly formed.
- the mottled pattern at the center of the circle indicates a region where the periodic structure is broken.
- F LL indicates the lower limit value of the effective range of the fluence in which the periodic structure is formed.
- F th indicates the fluence ablation threshold at which an ablation mark is formed.
- F UL indicates the upper limit value of the fluence at which the periodic structure is formed, and
- D LL indicates the lower limit value of the effective range of the depth of the hole in which the periodic structure is formed.
- DUL indicates the upper limit value of the effective range of the depth of the hole in which the periodic structure is formed.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating the relationship between the periodic structure and its period and depth in the case of linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light.
- A The figure shows the case where incident light is linearly polarized light.
- B A figure shows the case where incident light is circularly polarized light.
- the concave portions represented by black are periodically formed, and the convex portions have a mesh shape.
- the period of the fringes is about the same as the laser wavelength to be irradiated (a range of about 0.9 times to 1.3 times).
- the fringe depth is smaller than about half of the fringe period.
- the small holes are arranged periodically and the convex part surrounding the holes has a network structure, that is, the stripes are changed into a network shape, and the diameter is about the wavelength.
- the period is about the same as the laser wavelength to be irradiated (in the range of about 0.9 to 1.3 times).
- the conditions for irradiating a workpiece with laser light to form a fine periodic structure will be described in detail in the embodiments described later.
- the type (wavelength) of laser light, the fluence of laser light, the number of shots, and etching By appropriately setting the rate (etching depth per unit shot), pulse width, etc., it is possible to adjust the state of the periodic structure to be formed (period, formation area, ratio of periodic structure portion, etc.). .
- the case where the incident light is linearly polarized light will be described in detail.
- the type (wavelength) of laser light is preferably a titanium sapphire laser (about 0.8 ⁇ m) or an yttrium-based laser (about 1 ⁇ m).
- the wavelength is not particularly limited, and may be an amplifying apparatus using parametric wavelength conversion in a nonlinear optical process or a light source that covers wavelength conversion based on these.
- the pulse width is at the femtosecond level, it can be seen that a striped periodic structure is formed, and can be from about 10 fs to about 10 ps. If it is 500 fs or less, it is preferable because the ratio of the area where the periodic structure is formed can be increased to 50% or more even with a Gaussian beam. Moreover, if it is 100 fs or less, the ratio of an area can be larger than 65%, and it is more preferable.
- a periodic structure can be formed if the number of shots is about 12 shots or more and less than 400 shots.
- the optimum range is about 20-70 shots.
- etch rate [etch rate / wavelength] is in the range of 0.16-0.34, a striped periodic structure can be reliably formed.
- the irradiation fluence uniform the laser light that is focused on pinholes and other parts that do not contribute to the formation of the periodic structure is removed, and this pinhole is irradiated onto zirconia by image transfer to reduce the irradiation area.
- the area ratio of periodic structure generation can be increased
- zirconia ceramics include zirconia ceramic substrates and the like that are not limited to zirconia ceramic substrates and plates. Further, the zirconia ceramic includes those in which the surface of the substrate is coated with a zirconia film or a zirconia ceramic.
- tetragonal zirconia is an example of the zirconia ceramic.
- the medical device material containing a tetragonal zirconia is mentioned.
- the medical device material containing tetragonal zirconia is a medical device material which contains tetragonal zirconia and is used by being directly implanted into a living body or in direct contact with a living tissue or body fluid.
- Zirconia ceramics include tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (TZP) having a tetragonal zirconia content of 100%, partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) composed of tetragonal zirconia and monoclinic zirconia, and tetragonal zirconia.
- Zirconia toughened ceramics made of non-stabilized zirconia with a base ceramic (Al 2 O 3 , SiC, etc.) toughened, and composites of metal zirconium and other metals by surface coating and dispersion of tetragonal zirconia Etc.
- the stabilizer CaO, MgO, Y 2 O 3 , CeO 2 and the like
- the content thereof are not particularly limited as long as the tetragonal crystal can be stabilized.
- Adhesion layer of calcium phosphate fine particles that is smaller than the period of irregularities formed on the surface of a specific part of a medical device material containing a surface periodic structure as in the embodiment of the present invention, for example, tetragonal zirconia Can improve the adhesion of the calcium phosphate coating.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a surface processing apparatus using laser light used in the present embodiment.
- the apparatus of FIG. 4 includes a laser generator 1, a power controller 2, a polarization state controller 3, a beam shaping device 4, a condenser lens 5, and an irradiation stage 6.
- the power control device 2 controls the power (unit W) of the laser beam or the energy per unit pulse (unit J) of the laser beam.
- the polarization state control device 3 controls the polarization direction of the laser light, which is linear polarization, elliptical polarization, or circular polarization.
- the beam shaping device 4 controls the beam shape, the intensity distribution within the beam, and the traveling direction of the beam.
- the irradiation stage 6 is a table on which a workpiece is placed and the relative position (x, y, z, ⁇ , ⁇ ) with respect to the laser beam can be freely moved.
- the laser beam emitted from the laser generator 1 is irradiated onto the workpiece on the irradiation stage 6 through the power control device 2, the polarization state control device 3, the beam shaping device 4, the condenser lens 5 and the like in this order. .
- TiS titanium sapphire
- pulse width 80 fs
- the periodic structure had an average period of about 948 nm / cycle.
- a periodic structure was observed that was almost the same as the wavelength of the irradiated laser beam and longer than the wavelength. Observation with a laser microscope revealed that the depth of the formed structure (from the bottom of the uneven valley to the top of the peak) was 350-400 nm. The depth was about 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the period.
- FIG. 5 shows a laser micrograph showing an irradiation trace irradiated with linearly polarized laser light and an arrow indicating the polarization direction of linearly polarized light. It can be seen that the laser irradiation trace is composed of a striped uneven structure of vertical stripes parallel to the polarization direction of linearly polarized light, and an annular ablation trace surrounding the periodic structure with unclear stripes.
- FIG. 5 corresponds to (a) of the distribution schematic diagram of the ablated surface in the middle of FIG.
- a laser beam different from that in the first embodiment is used.
- linearly polarized laser light Yb-based KGW (KGd (WO 4 ) 2 ) (wavelength 1.03 microns), pulse width 200 fs)
- the surface is stripped from parallel striped irregularities.
- a fine periodic structure was formed.
- Laser light was irradiated for 50 shots.
- the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light of the laser beam and the stripes were parallel.
- the periodic structure had an average period of about 1.05 ⁇ m / cycle. A period longer than the wavelength of the irradiated laser beam was observed. Even if the laser beam to be used was different, the same surface structure as in the first embodiment was obtained.
- the etch rate refers to the depth D of etched holes per one shot of laser light.
- the depth of holes formed by 40 shots is divided by 40 shots as an average value.
- the unit is nm / shot.
- shot in the denominator means an average value per unit shot.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the etching rate and the surface state such as the presence or absence of a striped periodic structure on the surface when 40 shots of linearly polarized laser light (TiS (wavelength: 810 nm), 80 fs) are performed.
- TiS linearly polarized laser light
- the internal observation refers to the formation area of the structure inside the beam in order to estimate the boundary of the structure formation, and classifies the etch rate at which the structure is formed from the upper and lower limits of the depth of the hole in which the structure is formed. It is a thing.
- the periodic structure collapse means that the periodic structure collapses from a high fluence region (in the case of Gaussian, the center of the beam), and the periodic structure exists in the annular region. From the figure, it can be seen that when the etch rate is in the range of 132-280 (nm / shot), the striped periodic structure is surely formed. Each point in the figure was an experiment conducted under different peak fluence conditions, and the etching rate was changed by changing the pulse energy of the laser to be irradiated.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the peak fluence of the laser beam and the etch rate when a laser beam (TiS (wavelength: 810 nm), 80 fs, 40 shots) is incident.
- there is a relationship between the etch rate and the peak fluence F peak (logarithm). As shown in FIG.
- the corresponding peak fluence can be obtained from the etch rate under a certain irradiation condition (laser wavelength, pulse width, repetition rate). Conversely, the corresponding etch rate can be determined from the peak fluence.
- FIG. 8 shows the peak fluence of the laser beam and the surface state such as the presence or absence of the periodic striped structure on the surface when 40 shots of linearly polarized laser beam (TiS (wavelength: 810 nm), 80 fs) are performed. It is a figure which shows a relationship.
- the horizontal axis shows the peak fluence (unit: J / cm 2 )
- the vertical axis shows the state of the laser spot trace “no trace” “(no trace) but no periodic structure” “periodic structure formation” “periodic structure collapse ( The periodic structure collapses from the center) ”.
- the peak fluence is in the range of 2.7 to 7.7 (J / cm 2 )
- a striped periodic structure is reliably formed.
- the peak fluence that is the boundary between “no trace” and “no periodic structure (although there is a trace)” corresponds to the ablation threshold.
- the ablation threshold is approximately 2 (J / cm 2 ).
- FIG. 9 shows the state of the surface such as the etching rate of the laser beam and the presence or absence of a periodic structure of stripes on the surface when linearly polarized laser light (Yb-based KGW (wavelength 1.03 microns), 200 fs) is incident.
- Yb-based KGW wavelength 1.03 microns
- the horizontal axis represents the etch rate (unit: nm / shot)
- the vertical axis represents the state of the laser spot trace “no trace”, “(no trace) but no periodic structure”, “periodic structure formation”, “periodic structure collapse”. Shown in 4 stages.
- the “periodic structure collapse” means a case where the periodic structure collapses from the center, and the periodic structure exists in the annular region.
- the fluence was changed by changing the pulse energy of the laser and the irradiation area.
- the pulse energy is 28 ⁇ J, it is a square mark, when it is 60 ⁇ J, it is a circle mark, when it is 110 ⁇ J, it is an upward triangle mark, when it is 144 ⁇ J, it is a downward triangle mark, when it is 186 ⁇ J, it is a diamond mark, and when it is 222 ⁇ J
- the triangle pointing to the left indicates the case of 272 ⁇ J by the triangle pointing to the right.
- the etching rate is in the range of about 158 to 355 (nm / shot), the striped periodic structure is surely formed. It was found that the periodic structure was formed reliably when the peak fluence was 1.5 to 5.0 (J / cm 2 ).
- the ablation threshold was approximately 1.2 (J / cm 2 ).
- the upper limit as a condition for forming the periodic structure is that the etch rate does not exceed the stripe depth.
- the lower limit of the etch rate is 1/5 or more of the stripe depth as judged from the embodiment.
- the etching rate is in the range of 1/10 to 1/2 of the period of the stripes. In order to clearly form the periodic structure, it is desirable that the etch rate be in the range of 1/5 to 1 / 2.5 of the stripe depth.
- the [etch rate / wavelength] in the third example is 132-280 (nm / shot) / 810 nm is 0.16-0.34.
- 158 to 355 (nm / shot) / 1030 nm is 0.15 to 0.34. From this, it can be said that even if the wavelength of the femto laser beam is different, a striped periodic structure can be reliably formed when the [etch rate / wavelength] is in the range of 0.16-0.34. .
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the state of the periodic structure and the incident angle when s-polarized laser light (center wavelength: 810 nm, pulse width: about 80 fs) is incident on the zirconia ceramic substrate at an incident angle ⁇ . is there.
- the horizontal axis represents the incident angle ⁇ (deg), and the vertical axis represents the period (unit: nm) of the formed striped periodic structure.
- the value of the striped period is about 840 to 900 nm, and the change in the period with respect to the incident angle ⁇ is within the range of data variation, so that the period does not depend on the incident angle.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the state of the periodic structure and the incident angle when p-polarized laser light (center wavelength: 810 nm, pulse width: about 80 fs) is incident on the zirconia ceramic substrate at an incident angle ⁇ . is there.
- the horizontal axis represents the incident angle ⁇ (deg), and the vertical axis represents the period (unit: nm) of the formed striped periodic structure.
- the value of the fringe period is about 900 to 1040 nm, and it can be seen that the change in the period with respect to the incident angle ⁇ tends to increase as the incident angle increases in the case of p-polarized light. However, even in the case of p-polarized light, the dependence on the angle is not large.
- the p-polarized light and the s-polarized light have different tendencies from the conventionally reported angular dependence of the periodic structure orthogonal to the polarized light (eg, Patent Document 2).
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pulse width of the laser beam and the area of the ablated portion or the area of the periodic structure forming portion.
- the horizontal axis shows the pulse width (unit: fs)
- the vertical axis shows the formation area (unit: ⁇ m 2 )
- the right shows the ratio (unit:%) of the area of the periodic structure formation region to the area of the entire hole of the laser irradiation trace. Show.
- the pulse width of the laser beam was measured under the condition of about 80 to 600 fs. It was confirmed that a striped periodic structure was formed up to the measured pulse width range of 600 fs.
- the area where the striped periodic structure is formed is the area of the hole to be formed and the area of the periodic structure portion when the pulse width is increased.
- the area tended to decrease.
- solid white circles indicate the area of the hole by the laser beam
- thick black dots indicate the area of the region where the striped periodic structure is formed.
- the alternate long and short dash line indicates the ratio (unit%) of the area of the periodic structure forming region to the area of the entire hole of the laser irradiation trace. The ratio tended to decrease as the pulse width increased. It can be seen from the figure that a shorter pulse width is preferable.
- the fluence was checked to be constant, but the upper limit of the pulse width is not limited to 1 picosecond by appropriately selecting the optimum fluence corresponding to the pulse width.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pulse width of laser light TiS (center wavelength: 810 nm, number of 40 shots), etch rate, and periodic structure formation state.
- the horizontal axis represents the pulse width (unit: fs), the left vertical axis represents the etch rate (unit: nm / shot), and the right represents the period (unit: nm) of the striped periodic structure.
- the pulse width of the laser beam was measured under conditions of about 80 to 600 fs. It was confirmed that the periodic structure was formed up to the measured range of 600 fs.
- the etch rate tended to increase as the pulse width increased, and the period of the periodic structure tended to increase.
- the solid white circle indicates the “etch rate at the center of the laser beam” and the solid black square indicates “the lower limit of the etch rate in the region where the striped periodic structure is formed in the laser beam”. Show.
- etching rate (lower limit) D LL / shot.
- Solid black triangle marks indicate a striped period.
- the pulse width was 80-550 fs, the period was about 900-1200 nm.
- the etch rate (peak fluence) and the etch rate (lower limit) are approaching. This means that the periodic structure formation region is narrowed.
- the pulse width is at the femtosecond level, it can be seen that a striped periodic structure is formed, and can be from about 10 fs to about 10 ps. If it is 500 fs or less, it is preferable because the ratio of the area where the periodic structure is formed can be increased to 50% or more even with a Gaussian beam. Moreover, if it is 100 fs or less, the ratio of an area can be larger than 65%, and it is more preferable.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the pulse width of the laser beam and the area of the ablated part or the area of the periodic structure forming part.
- the horizontal axis indicates the pulse width (unit: fs)
- the vertical axis indicates the formation area (unit: ⁇ m 2 )
- the right indicates the ratio of the area of the periodic structure formation region to the area of the entire hole of the laser irradiation trace “structure area ratio” Indicates.
- the pulse width of the laser beam was measured under the condition of 200 fs to 5 ps. It was confirmed that a striped periodic structure was formed up to the measured pulse width range of 5 ps.
- the area where the striped periodic structure is formed As for the area where the striped periodic structure is formed, the area of the hole to be formed and the area of the periodic structure portion tend to decrease as the pulse width increases.
- the solid black square mark indicates the area “etched area” of the hole by the laser beam
- the solid white circle mark indicates the area of the region where the striped periodic structure is formed.
- a dot-and-dash triangle indicates the ratio of the area of the periodic structure forming region to the area of the entire hole of the laser irradiation trace. The ratio tended to decrease as the pulse width increased. From the figure, it can be seen that a shorter pulse width is advantageous for efficient formation of the periodic structure.
- the pulse width of the laser beam was measured under conditions from 200 fs to about 5 ps. The longer the pulse width, the higher the etch rate, and the longer the period of the periodic structure. When the pulse width was about 200 fs to 5 ps, the period was about 1000 to 1400 nm. When the pulse width is increased, the etch rate (peak fluence) and the etch rate (lower limit) are approaching. This means that the periodic structure formation region is narrowed.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of shots of laser light, the area of the periodic structure forming portion, and the hole depth.
- the horizontal axis represents the number of shots
- the left vertical axis represents the formation area (unit ⁇ m 2 ) of the periodic structure
- the right vertical axis represents the hole depth (unit micron). Measurement was performed by changing the number of shots from about 6 to about 340. From 6 to 11 shots, since the periodic structure was unclear, it is called “pre-structured” and is indicated by a cross in the figure. In the figure, the periodic structure was clear in the data of 22 shots. In the figure, solid white circles indicate the etched area, solid black circles indicate the area of the striped periodic structure forming portion, and solid black triangles indicate the depth of the holes.
- the processed area increased and the hole deepened, but the area of the striped periodic structure tended to decrease. It was confirmed that the periodic structure was formed up to 340 shots.
- the number of shots is increased to 400 shots or more, the hole becomes deep and a periodic structure is not formed on the bottom surface, or it is considered that there is no flat surface on the bottom surface.
- a striped periodic structure can be obtained with any number of shots as long as it is 12 shots or more and less than 400 shots. From the figure, it can be seen that the optimum number of shots is desirable if it is the number of shots in which the periodic structure is clearly formed.
- the optimal range is preferably about 20 to 70 shots.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of shots of laser light and the etch rate (unit: nm / shot).
- the horizontal axis represents the number of shots, and the vertical axis represents the etch rate. Measurement was performed by changing the number of shots from about 6 to about 340.
- the solid black circle mark indicates “the etch rate at the center of the laser beam”, and the solid white square mark indicates “the lower limit of the etch rate in the region where the striped periodic structure is formed in the laser beam”. Show.
- the region where the etch rate is larger than the solid white square line and smaller than the solid black circle line represents an effective numerical range of the etch rate at which the periodic structure is formed. It can be seen that as the number of shots increases, the numerical range of the etch rate at which the periodic structure is formed becomes narrower.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the number of shots of laser light, the area of the periodic structure forming portion, and the ratio (Ratio of area) of the periodic structure forming region to the entire processing region.
- the horizontal axis represents the number of shots
- the left vertical axis represents the formation area (unit ⁇ m 2 ) of the periodic structure
- the right represents the ratio (unit%) of the periodic structure formation region to the entire processing region. Measurement was performed by changing the number of shots from about 10 to about 90.
- Solid black circles indicate the area of the striped periodic structure formation region
- solid white circles indicate the total area of the ablated region
- dotted triangles indicate the ratio of the periodic structure formation region to the entire processing region. In 10 shots, a striped periodic structure was confirmed.
- the area where the striped periodic structure was formed reached the maximum value at 50 shots.
- the peripheral area where only ablation occurs without forming the periodic structure increases.
- the ratio of the periodic structure formation region to the entire processing region decreases as the number of shots increases. From the figure, 50 shots are optimal from the condition that the periodic structure is clearly formed and the area of the structure portion is large. Further, it can be seen that the area is large in the order of 50, 70, and 90 shots, and the ratio of the region having a clear cycle is large in the order of 30, 50, and 70 shots. From the figure, it is possible to obtain a striped periodic structure in any of 10 to 90 shots, but the range of about 30 to 70 shots is the optimum number of shots.
- Zirconia containing 4 mol%, 8 mol%, 10 mol% Y 2 O 3 (referred to as 4Y, 8Y, 10Y, respectively), zirconia containing 3 mol% Y 2 O 3 and 20% Al 2 O 3 (referred to as 3Y20A) )
- 3Y20A zirconia containing 3 mol% Y 2 O 3 and 20% Al 2 O 3
- the spatial distribution of the laser beam irradiation is a Gaussian distribution.
- an optical element for uniformizing the beam intensity distribution is provided, and the laser beam with the uniform beam intensity distribution is irradiated.
- the depth of the hole was almost uniform at the irradiated portion, and a periodic structure was formed in a region of 90% or more of the ablated bottom surface.
- the periodic structure was destroyed at the bottom of the beam.
- the periodic structure is not observed in the portion where the beam is continuously moved.
- a periodic structure was observed at the center of the spot.
- Both the scanning direction of the laser light was the same as the linear polarization direction of the laser light and the direction orthogonal to the linear polarization direction was the same result. This is because when the number of irradiations per place is about 40 shots, the amount of displacement of the irradiation position is small compared to the length at which the structure is broken at the bottom of the beam.
- a periodic structure can be produced even by a scanning method.
- a flat top it is suitable when the number of shots required is small or the beam size is large.
- FIG. 18 shows a flat top beam in the form of a square laser beam for simplification
- FIG. 19 shows a method of increasing the area of the periodic structure by scanning using the flat top beam. As shown in FIG. 19, consider a case where a beam is irradiated while being shifted from left to right by one shot (scan irradiation).
- vertical stripes are regions in which the periodic structure is formed, and surrounding portions are regions that are ablated without forming the periodic structure.
- the length to be ablated in the scanning direction is L 1
- the length of one end where the structure is not formed at the end is L 2
- the beam shift per shot is L 1 / N
- L 1 is large, L 2 is small, and N is small.
- the size of L 1 is determined by the power of the laser, L 2 is determined by the uniformity and shape of the beam, and N depends on the fluence and pulse width of the laser.
- the laser beam is scanned for each laser spot instead of continuously or continuously. Scanning by moving the laser beam for each laser spot is, for example, irradiating a Gaussian beam, a beam with a uniform hardness distribution, or a beam with a uniform intensity distribution by irradiating the same spot at least once a predetermined number of times.
- After creating the structure for the entire part repeat the process of shifting the beam so that there is some overlap, or shifting the beam at adjacent positions or more apart and creating the structure by similar irradiation.
- the method of shifting the beam at an interval between adjacent positions or more can be called a step method or the like as a stamp method. Further, the method of shifting the beam so as to have some overlap is a substantially continuous scanning method.
- the laser beam was irradiated.
- a uniform spatial intensity distribution was extracted by a beam uniformizing element composed of a lens system and slits with variable vertical and horizontal aperture sizes, and an image was transferred to the irradiated portion using an imaging optical system. Irradiation was tiled in the XY direction at 50 micron steps to process an area of 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm. The ratio of the area of the portion where the periodic structure was formed was 50% of the total area.
- the laser light is condensed on a space limiting mask composed of slits and pinholes via a spatial intensity distribution shaping optical element composed of a lens system and a diffractive optical element, and the shape (triangle, square, A laser beam with an adjusted pentagonal shape, hexagonal shape, elliptical shape, etc. is irradiated onto the zirconia-shaped ceramics, which is an irradiation sample, by adjusting the magnification by an imaging optical system.
- a beam shaper using a beam shaping optical element using a diffraction effect and interference, a liquid crystal spatial modulator, or the like may be used.
- the spatial shape is not only a rectangle but also a polygon such as a triangle, pentagon, hexagon, etc. Processing without gaps on a three-dimensional plane can be realized.
- it is an optical system that can focus on a pinhole or slit in the shape of triangle, square, hexagon, etc. so that only the periodic structure generation part of the laser light irradiation spot can be irradiated, and transfer the pinhole image to the zirconia system
- the relative position between the irradiation beam and the sample to be irradiated may be changed.
- a method using a beam deflecting device such as a galvanometer mirror that changes the traveling direction of the beam, or the sample to be irradiated There are a method of using a stage that moves the spatial position of these, or a method of combining them.
- a method of moving the sample to be irradiated on the stage can be controlled with high accuracy, and a method using a beam deflecting device such as a galvanometer mirror can be positioned faster than a method using a stage.
- the present invention realizes a fine periodic structure on the surface of zirconia-based ceramics, and is applied to biomaterials that need to be combined with bone or the like with biocompatibility, to heat-resistant structural materials such as jet engine inner walls. Therefore, the present invention is industrially useful.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1では、ナノレベルの微細加工を行うために、超短パルスレーザー(フェムト秒レーザー)を偏光制御して照射することにより、照射したレーザーの波長より小さいサイズの微細構造を形成する加工法が、報告されている。適切なフルエンスの範囲はアブレーション閾値からアブレーション閾値の10倍であると記載されている。この文献では、「フルエンス」(fluence)とは、レーザー光の1パルス当たりの出力エネルギーを照射断面積で割って求めた単位面積当たりのエネルギー(J/cm2)であると記載され、アブレーション閾値は、レーザーを材料表面に照射することで材料表面が蒸散する現象が生じるエネルギー密度の最小値であると記載されている。特許文献1では、超短パルスレーザーを直線偏光させて固体材料表面に照射することにより、偏光方向とは直交する方向に沿って細長い突起部からなる微細構造を形成でき、また、円偏光させて照射することにより、粒状の突起部からなる微細構造を形成できることが報告されている。微細構造のサイズは、照射するレーザーの波長と正の相関関係があり、波長より著しく小さいサイズ(1/10~3/5)の微細構造であると報告されている。加工対象として、窒化物セラミックス(TiN)膜、アモルファスカーボン膜及びステンレス鋼の材料を試料として、表面に微細加工を行った例が記載されている。
本発明の方法は、ジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法であって、直線偏光の超短パルスレーザー光を前記セラミックス表面に照射することにより、前記直線偏光の偏光方向に平行な縞状の凹凸を、レーザー光のスポット内に形成することを特徴とする。
本発明の方法は、ジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法であって、円偏光の超短パルスレーザー光を前記セラミックス表面に照射することにより、網目状凸部及び点状凹部を周期的に形成することを特徴とする。
本発明の方法は、ジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法において、レーザー光を、周期構造生成部分のみを照射可能な形状の空間制限マスクに集光し、前記形状の像を光学系に転送し、ジルコニア系セラミックス表面に照射して、前記形状の周期構造生成部分を複数個敷き詰めることを特徴とする。
本発明のジルコニア系セラミックスは、ジルコニア系セラミックス表面の、レーザー光照射スポット内に平行な縞状の凹凸の周期構造が形成されていることを特徴とする。
本発明のジルコニア系セラミックスは、ジルコニア系セラミックス表面の、レーザー光照射スポット内に網目状凸部及び点状凹部の周期構造が形成されていることを特徴とする。
Fpeak = 2・E/(πr2)
本実施の形態を図4及び5を参照して以下説明する。図4は、本実施の形態において使用するレーザー光による表面加工装置の概略図である。図4の装置は、レーザー発生装置1、パワー制御装置2、偏光状態制御装置3、ビーム整形装置4、集光レンズ5、及び照射用ステージ6を備える。パワー制御装置2は、レーザー光のパワー(単位W)、あるいはレーザー光の一パルスあたりのエネルギー(単位J))を制御する。偏光状態制御装置3は、レーザー光の、偏光方向や直線偏光か楕円偏光か円偏光という偏光状態を制御する。ビーム整形装置4は、ビーム形状とビーム内での強度分布と、ビームの進行方向を制御する。照射用ステージ6は、加工対象物を載置して、レーザー光との相対的位置(x、y、z、θ、φ)を自在に移動可能とする台である。レーザー発生装置1から出射されるレーザー光を、パワー制御装置2、偏光状態制御装置3、ビーム整形装置4、集光レンズ5等を順に介して、照射用ステージ6上の被加工物に照射する。
本実施の形態では、第1の実施の形態とは異なるレーザー光を使用した。
ジルコニア系セラミックスの表面に、直線偏光のレーザー光(Yb系KGW(KGd(WO4)2)(波長1.03ミクロン)、パルス幅200fs)を照射すると、表面に、平行な縞状の凹凸からなる微細な周期構造が形成された。レーザー光は50ショット照射した。レーザー光の直線偏光の偏光方向と縞とは平行であった。周期構造は、周期が平均およそ1.05μm/cycleであった。照射したレーザー光の波長と同程度で波長より長めの周期が観測された。使用するレーザー光が異なっても、第1の実施の形態と同様の表面構造が得られた。
本実施の形態を、図6、7、8を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、周期構造を形成することができる最適条件などについて説明する。
本実施の形態を、図9を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、第3の実施の形態とは波長が異なるレーザー光を使用した場合に関して、第3の実施の形態と同様に、縞状の周期構造を形成することができる最適条件について説明する。
本実施の形態を、図10及び11を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、レーザー光の入射角度と縞状の周期構造との関係について調べた。
本実施の形態を、図12及び13を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、レーザー光のパルス幅と縞状の周期構造との関係について調べた。本実施の形態では、レーザー光としてTiS(中心波長810nm、)を使用し、40ショット数で調べた。
本実施の形態を、図14を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、レーザー光のパルス幅と縞状の周期構造との関係について、レーザー光としてYb系(中心波長1.03μm)を使用して調べた。
Ybの1.03μmのレーザーを、ピークフルエンス4J/cm2、一か所に20ショット、繰り返し15kHzでジルコニア系セラミックスに照射した。パルス幅200fs、500fs、1ps、2ps、5psで実施し、底面に周期構造が形成されることを確認した。
本実施の形態を、図15及び16を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、レーザー光のショット数と縞状の周期構造との関係について調べた。本実施の形態では、レーザー光としてTiS(中心波長810nm、パルス幅80fs)を使用して調べた。フルエンスは6.6J/cm2とした。
本実施の形態を、図17を参照して説明する。本実施の形態では、第8の実施の形態とは異なる波長のレーザー光を使用して、ショット数と縞状の周期構造との関係について調べた。本実施の形態では、レーザー光としてYb系KGW(中心波長約1ミクロン、パルス幅200fs)を使用して調べた。
これまでの実施の形態では、ジルコニア系セラミックスとして、具体的には3mol%Y2O3ジルコニアを使用して形成加工の計測を行ったものを示したが、他の組成でも、同様の結果を示すことを確認した。4mol%、8mol%、10mol%のY2O3を含むジルコニア(それぞれ、4Y、8Y、10Yと呼ぶ)、3mol%のY2O3と20%のAl2O3を含むジルコニア(3Y20Aと呼ぶ)に対し、直線偏光のレーザー光(中心波長810nm、パルス幅100fs、繰り返し560Hz)を、ピークフルエンス6.9J/cm2で40ショット照射した。いずれの場合にも直線偏光の偏光方向に平行な縞状の周期構造が観測された。観測された構造の周期は、4Y、8Y、10Yに対して、900nm-910nm程度であった。また、3Y20Aに対して、約940nmであった。3Y、4Y、8Y、10Y、3Y20Aの順にエッチレートが大きくなる傾向が見られた。
本実施の形態では、レーザー光による表面加工装置において、ビームの強度分布を均一化する光学素子を設けてレーザー光を照射した場合について説明する。
レーザー光照射の空間分布は、図2に示したように、ガウス分布であるが、ビームの強度分布を均一化する光学素子を設けて、ビームの強度分布が均一化されたレーザー光を照射した場合、穴の深さが照射部分でほぼ均一となり、アブレーションされた底面の90%以上の領域に周期構造が形成された。
本実施の形態では、縞状の周期構造を大面積化する方法について説明する。
2 パワー制御装置
3 偏光状態制御装置
4 ビーム整形装置
5 集光レンズ
6 照射用ステージ
Claims (7)
- ジルコニア系セラミックス表面に、レーザー光を照射して、レーザー光のスポット内に凹凸の周期構造を形成することを特徴とするジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法。
- ジルコニア系セラミックス表面の表面構造形成方法であって、
直線偏光の超短パルスレーザー光を前記セラミックス表面に照射することにより、前記直線偏光の偏光方向に平行な縞状の凹凸を、レーザー光のスポット内に形成することを特徴とするジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法。 - ジルコニア系セラミックス表面の表面構造形成方法であって、
円偏光の超短パルスレーザー光を前記セラミックス表面に照射することにより、網目状凸部及び点状凹部を周期的に形成することを特徴とするジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法。 - レーザー光を、周期構造生成部分のみを照射可能な形状の空間制限マスクに集光し、前記形状の像を光学系に転送し、ジルコニア系セラミックス表面に照射して、前記形状の周期構造生成部分を複数個敷き詰めることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項記載のジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法。
- ジルコニア系セラミックス表面の、レーザー光照射スポット内に凹凸の周期構造が形成されていることを特徴とするジルコニア系セラミックス。
- ジルコニア系セラミックス表面の、レーザー光照射スポット内に平行な縞状の凹凸の周期構造が形成されていることを特徴とするジルコニア系セラミックス。
- ジルコニア系セラミックス表面の、レーザー光照射スポット内に網目状凸部及び点状凹部の周期構造が形成されていることを特徴とするジルコニア系セラミックス。
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| JP2016547502A JP6590343B2 (ja) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-09-10 | ジルコニア系セラミックスの表面構造形成方法及びジルコニア系セラミックス |
| EP15839233.2A EP3202752B1 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2015-09-10 | Method for forming surface structure of zirconia-based ceramic, and zirconia-based ceramic |
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| EP3811896B1 (de) * | 2019-10-22 | 2024-05-01 | Nadja Rohr | Dentalimplantat |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3202752A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
| JP6590343B2 (ja) | 2019-10-16 |
| JP6858987B2 (ja) | 2021-04-14 |
| JPWO2016039419A1 (ja) | 2017-08-31 |
| JP2021104927A (ja) | 2021-07-26 |
| JP2019206471A (ja) | 2019-12-05 |
| US10774003B2 (en) | 2020-09-15 |
| EP3202752A4 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
| EP3202752B1 (en) | 2023-08-23 |
| US20170260100A1 (en) | 2017-09-14 |
| JP7111392B2 (ja) | 2022-08-02 |
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