WO2016010165A1 - 新規未分化幹細胞除去および心筋純化精製培地 - Google Patents
新規未分化幹細胞除去および心筋純化精製培地 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to providing a medium that can be used for removing undifferentiated stem cells and purifying and purifying cardiomyocytes.
- ES cells embryonic stem cells
- iPS cells induced pluripotent stem cells
- cardiomyocyte differentiation under non-physiological conditions ie, in vitro conditions
- undifferentiated mesoderm cells are first formed, and some of them are planned cardiomyocytes (in the pre-cardiac)
- pluripotent stem cells are basically capable of differentiating into all the cells that make up the organ, they are called cardiomyocytes only by differentiation and induction operations. It is technically difficult to differentiate only into different types of cells. Further, under non-physiological conditions (in vitro conditions), it is difficult to induce desired differentiation of all pluripotent stem cells, and some undifferentiated stem cells may remain after induction.
- cardiomyocytes prepared by inducing differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into a living body and use it for treatment. Therefore, in order to safely execute treatment using cardiomyocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells and obtain an ideal therapeutic effect, completely eliminate undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells and highly enhance cardiomyocytes It is necessary to find a method for purification (ie, a method for removing cells other than cardiomyocytes).
- Non-Patent Document 2 (Ben-David, et al., Cell Stem Cell, 2013 12, pp. 167-179).
- Non-Patent Document 3 Wang, et al., Science, 325, 435-439, 2009)
- Non-Patent Document 4 (Shiraki, et al., Cell Metabolism 2014, 19, 1-15).
- oleic acid is important for the maintenance of human undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells. It was revealed that human undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells can be selectively removed by inhibiting the biosynthesis of oleic acid.
- Non-Patent Document 3 mouse embryonic stem cells (embryonic stem cells) were able to perform colony formation in a culture solution excluding amino acids other than threonine, but excluding threonine. It was clarified that colony formation cannot be performed in the cultured medium, and that undifferentiated embryonic stem cells of mice can be selectively removed by culturing in the cultured medium excluding threonine. It was done.
- Non-Patent Document 4 in human pluripotent stem cells, methionine plays a role of threonine in mouse embryonic stem cells, and undifferentiated stem cells die or differentiate in a culture solution excluding methionine. It was revealed that differentiated stem cells can be selectively removed.
- Non-Patent Document 3 since an essential amino acid that is very important in protein synthesis is removed, there is a concern about the effect on the surviving target cells.
- the inventor's research group of the present invention focuses on non-essential amino acids that may be synthesized and supplied from other than essential amino acids that are very important for protein synthesis, and has pluripotent stem cells Not only undifferentiated stem cells that remain undifferentiated and induced when differentiating and inducing cardiomyocytes from cells, but also cells other than cardiomyocytes that are produced as a by-product when cardiomyocytes are differentiated and induced Research has been done with the aim of removing it. Among them, we found various physiological characteristics that cardiomyocytes have but other cells do not have, and developed a method for selecting only cardiomyocytes from non-cardiomyocytes and undifferentiated stem cells using these characteristics I have done it.
- Patent Document 1 A method for selecting cardiomyocytes from a mixture of cells containing cardiomyocytes based on the relative mitochondrial content of cells and / or the relative mitochondrial membrane potential of the cells without genetic modification of the cardiomyocytes, cardiomyocytes A method of concentrating cardiomyocytes from a cell mixture containing cardiomyocytes without genetic modification of cardiomyocytes, a method of producing cardiomyocytes without gene modification of cardiomyocytes; and evaluating the ratio of cardiomyocytes in the cardiomyocyte-containing cell mixture Method (WO2006 / 022377); Patent Document 2: Embryonic stem cells in a culture solution under low serum conditions, low sugar conditions, low nutrient conditions, low calcium conditions, weakly acidic pH conditions, lactic acid addition conditions, aspartic acid / glutamic acid addition conditions, and / or pyruvic acid addition conditions By culturing derived cardiomyocytes, the cardiomyocytes can be selected and purified efficiently and highly efficiently (WO2007 / 088884); Patent Document 3: Purified pluripotent stem
- a method for inducing cell death (WO2010 / 114136); and Patent Document 5: A cultured cardiomyocyte in a culture solution is contacted with a potential-sensitive fluorescent dye, and vitamin E and / or cholesterol is added to the culture solution.
- a method for measuring the action potential of cultured cardiomyocytes characterized by measuring the potential-dependent or ionic strength change-dependent fluorescence intensity change of a potential-sensitive fluorescent dye (WO2011 / 052801).
- the conditions under which cardiomyocytes are generally considered to be severe as cell culture conditions (low sugar condition, low serum condition, weakly acidic pH condition, low calcium condition, low nutrient condition) Is highly resistant to culture under conditions such as lactic acid addition conditions, aspartate / glutamate addition conditions, pyruvate addition conditions, etc., and cells other than cardiomyocytes (ie, non-cardiomyocytes and undifferentiated stem cells) Although cell death occurred, it was shown that cardiomyocytes can be selected as a result of survival of cardiomyocytes.
- a cell acquires a main part of energy for its survival by generating ATP by various mechanisms based on the catabolism of glucose.
- the pathway to the generation of ATP based on the catabolism of glucose is a circuit using acetyl-CoA generated by the decomposition of pyruvic acid, a glycolysis system that breaks down the glucose taken into cells into pyruvic acid.
- Mainly known are a TCA circuit (citric acid circuit) that rotates A and an electron transfer system that generates ATP using NADH, NADPH, and FADH 2 generated in a glycolysis system and a TCA circuit.
- cells acquire energy on the assumption that glucose is taken up from the environment.
- the glycolysis system is activated, and energy acquisition is performed via the TCA circuit (citrate circuit) and the electron transfer system based on the decomposition of glucose in the glycolysis system. Is doing. And in scenes where energy is required rapidly, energy is obtained through anaerobic respiration using the glycolytic system to the maximum, so that the production of pyruvic acid exceeds consumption and the lactic acid fermentation pathway is activated. Become. On the contrary, the reverse reaction for returning lactic acid to pyruvic acid has not been relatively activated.
- the culture under the low-sugar conditions and the lactic acid-added conditions listed in Patent Document 2 can be performed in a shorter time because there may be slight non-cardiomyocytes or undifferentiated stem cells depending on the conditions.
- the present application provides a cell culture medium used for causing cell death in undifferentiated stem cells, which does not contain glutamine in the amino acid composition. Also provided is a method of inducing cell death in undifferentiated stem cells by culturing in a cell culture medium. Further, in the present application, a cell culture solution used for selective selection of cardiomyocytes, which contains fatty acid, lactic acid or pyruvic acid, does not contain saccharides, and does not contain glutamine in the amino acid composition And a method for selectively selecting cardiomyocytes by culturing a mixture of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes in the cell culture medium.
- a cell culture medium used for causing cell death in undifferentiated stem cells it is possible to provide a cell culture medium used for causing cell death in undifferentiated stem cells, and by simply performing cell culture using the cell culture medium.
- cell death can be easily induced in undifferentiated stem cells.
- a cell culture medium used for selectively selecting cardiomyocytes can be provided, and only cell culture is simply performed using the cell culture medium.
- undifferentiated stem cells such as pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, differentiated cells other than cardiomyocytes, and cell lines described later
- cardiomyocytes can be selectively selected.
- FIG. 1 shows changes in amino acid and glucose concentrations in the medium consumed when 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 human embryonic stem cells are cultured for 3 days. The amino acid and glucose concentrations at day 0 before exposure to cells were 100%.
- FIG. 2 shows culturing human embryonic stem cells under various conditions (with / without glucose, with / without lactic acid and without the various non-essential amino acids consumed in FIG. 1). The result of having observed the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) dyeing
- FIG. 3 shows human embryonic stem cells under various conditions (with / without glucose, with / without lactic acid, and without the various non-essential amino acids consumed in FIG. 1).
- ALP alkaline phosphatase
- FIG. 4 shows human induced pluripotent stem cells in various conditions (with / without glucose, with / without addition of lactic acid, and without the various non-essential amino acids consumed in FIG. 1).
- cultivating under is shown.
- FIG. 5 shows the results of observing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining in human induced pluripotent stem cells when human embryonic stem cells are cultured under conditions that do not contain glucose and do not contain various amino acids. .
- FIG. 6 shows rat neonatal cardiomyocytes under various conditions (with / without glucose, with / without lactic acid and without the various non-essential amino acids consumed in FIG. 1). The result of observing life and death in neonatal cardiomyocytes when cultured is shown.
- FIG. 7 shows a cell population induced from two-dimensional myocardial differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells. A glucose-free medium (Gluc ⁇ , All + , Lactate + ) or lactic acid added to glucose and glutamine was added. included not (Gluc -, Gln -, Lactate +) is a photograph of when cultured in conditions.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing that only the cardiomyocytes survive when the cell mass obtained in FIG.
- FIG. 9 shows the results of QPCR evaluation of remaining undifferentiated stem cells after induction of myocardial differentiation or purification.
- FIG. 10 shows the difference in lactic acid metabolism in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes and human embryonic stem cells under culture conditions that do not contain glucose and glutamine.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the result of FACS analysis of the ratio of troponin T-positive cells in the cell group after induction of human induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation.
- FIG. 12 shows human embryonic stem cells under various conditions (without glucose, with / without glutamine, with / without ⁇ -ketoglutarate, and with / without addition of pyruvate).
- FIG. 13 shows neonatal cases when rat neonatal cardiomyocytes are cultured under various conditions (glucose-free, glutamine-containing / not-added, pyruvate added / not added, lactic acid added / not added). The result of observing the life and death of offspring cardiomyocytes is shown.
- FIG. 14A shows the result of detection accuracy of a method for detecting residual undifferentiated stem cells (Tano et al., PLOS ONE 2014).
- FIG. 14B shows the results of evaluating the remaining undifferentiated stem cells after induction of myocardial differentiation or after purification by the method of FIG. 14A.
- TRA1-60 was not detected at all after purification with a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lactate + ) not containing glucose or glutamine.
- FIG. 15 shows the life and death of cells when non-cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells (proliferation type) are cultured under conditions that do not contain glucose and glutamine, and conditions that do not contain glucose and glutamine but are added with lactic acid.
- FIG. 16 shows a human artificial medium prepared by adding ascorbic acid (25 mg / L) or albumin (0.1%) to a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) containing neither lactic acid nor glucose and glutamine. It is a figure which shows the observation result of the cell group after culture
- FIG. 17 shows a human artificial medium prepared by adding ascorbic acid (25 mg / L) or albumin (0.1%) to a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) containing lactic acid and not containing glucose and glutamine. It is a figure which shows the observation result of the cell group after culturing the non-cardiomyocyte derived from a pluripotent stem cell.
- FIG. 18 shows a human artificial medium in a medium in which ascorbic acid (25 mg / L) or albumin (0.1%) is added to a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) not containing glucose and glutamine.
- FIG. 19 shows a human artificial medium prepared by adding ascorbic acid (25 mg / L) or albumin (0.1%) to a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) containing lactic acid and not containing glucose and glutamine. It is a figure which shows the observation result of the cell group after culturing the cardiac muscle cell derived from a pluripotent stem cell for 744 hours.
- the glycolytic system is a fundamental energy acquisition system that exists in most organisms and is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is anaerobically degraded to pyruvate or lactic acid.
- glucose is phosphorylated at the ⁇ -phosphate group of ATP, or begins with a reaction in which glucose 6-phosphate is produced by glycogenolysis, which is sequentially metabolized to produce fructose 1,6-bislin Via acid, it is cleaved into triose phosphate, and ATP is generated, leading to pyruvic acid.
- 2 mol of ATP is produced as a whole per mol of glucose
- 2 mol of NAD + is reduced
- 2 mol of NADH is produced.
- the end product pyruvate of this metabolic pathway is converted into lactic acid and released to the outside of the cell, or moves into mitochondria and becomes a substrate for the citrate cycle.
- the tricarboxylic acid circuit (TCA circuit or citric acid circuit) is a metabolic circuit for finally completely oxidizing the carbon skeleton of sugars, fatty acids, and many amino acids.
- Acetyl CoA generated from the decomposition of pyruvic acid which is the final product of the system, is condensed with oxaloacetic acid to form citric acid, which in turn becomes (cis-aconitic acid), becomes isocitric acid, and then undergoes dehydrating decarboxylation, It becomes 2-oxoglutaric acid.
- the TCA circuit is not just a decomposition process, but also a control point for switching sugar, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolic systems, and is an important starting point in anabolic metabolism. For example, if glycolysis proceeds to some extent, the concentration of citric acid and the like increases, acetyl CoA carboxylase is activated, the rotation of the TCA circuit itself is suppressed within a certain limit, and acetyl CoA is directed in the direction of fatty acid synthesis. For example, aspartic acid is produced from oxaloacetic acid. Thus, since the intermediate of the TCA circuit is deprived for biosynthesis of various organic substances, the amount of oxaloacetate regenerated when the TCA circuit makes one revolution usually decreases.
- a system that replenishes oxaloacetate separately is required.
- a system in which alanine and glycine, cysteine, serine, and threonine are decomposed into pyruvate A system that supplies oxaloacetate by decomposing pyruvate with pyruvate carboxylase, a system that transaminates aspartic acid with transaminase to generate oxaloacetate, a system that decomposes phenylalanine and tyrosine to generate fumaric acid, arginine, glutamine, A system such as a system in which histidine and proline are decomposed into glutamic acid and then glutamic acid is oxidized by glutamic acid dehydrogenase to supply 2-oxoglutaric acid is applicable.
- the inventors of the present invention have few non-cardiomyocytes or undifferentiated stem cells that survive under the various known culture conditions listed in Patent Document 2, so that non-cardiomyocytes or undifferentiated in a more complete and short time. Intensive research was conducted with the aim of finding new conditions that can induce cell death of stem cells and that can select only cardiomyocytes.
- the present invention has pluripotency including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells by not containing glutamine in the amino acid composition in the culture solution (Gln ⁇ ).
- the present inventors have found that cell death can be induced in undifferentiated stem cells such as stem cells and differentiated cells other than cardiomyocytes described later, and the present invention has been completed.
- an invention of a cell culture solution (Gln ⁇ ) that does not contain glutamine in the amino acid composition may further be characterized by not containing serine and / or glycine (Ser ⁇ , Gly ⁇ ) and not containing arginine based on the above-described findings ( Arg ⁇ ) may be a further feature.
- a cell culture solution (Gln ⁇ ) that does not contain glutamine in the amino acid composition - amino acid of the composition, glutamine, and the cell medium without serine (Gln -, Ser -);
- Cell culture medium (Gln ⁇ , Gly ⁇ ) that does not contain glutamine and glycine in the amino acid composition A cell culture medium (Gln ⁇ , Ser ⁇ , Gly ⁇ ) which does not contain glutamine, serine and glycine in the amino acid composition; A cell culture medium that does not contain glutamine and arginine in the amino acid composition (Gln ⁇ , Arg ⁇ ); A cell culture medium (Gln ⁇ , Ser ⁇ , Arg ⁇ ) which does not contain glutamine, serine and arginine in the amino acid composition; A cell culture medium (Gln ⁇ , Gly ⁇ , Arg ⁇ ) which does not contain glutamine, glycine and arginine in the amino acid composition; A cell culture medium (Gln ⁇ , Ser ⁇ , Gly ⁇ , Arg ⁇ ) which does not contain glutamine, serine, glycine and arginine in the amino acid composition; A
- amino acids are all amino acids related to the sugar metabolism and TCA cycle described in the section of the prior art.
- Glutamine is decomposed into glutamic acid and then further oxidized by glutamate dehydrogenase. It becomes oxoglutaric acid and is introduced into the TCA circuit.
- Serine and glycine are decomposed into pyruvate and then decomposed with pyruvate carboxylase to become oxaloacetate and introduced into the TCA circuit.
- the cell culture solution of the present invention described above in the first aspect of the present invention is a culture solution that does not contain serum or serum substitutes, and other than the conditions of specific amino acids such as glutamine, serine and / or glycine, or arginine.
- a general cell culture medium for example, Dulbecco's modified Eagle culture medium (DMEM), MEM culture medium (for example, ⁇ -MEM, MEM [Hunk's BSS]), RPMI culture medium (for example, RPMI 1640, etc.) ), F12 culture solution, StemPro34, mTeSR1, etc.).
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle culture medium
- MEM culture medium for example, ⁇ -MEM, MEM [Hunk's BSS]
- RPMI culture medium for example, RPMI 1640, etc.
- F12 culture solution for example, StemPro34, mTeSR1, etc.
- the cell culture medium having a special amino acid composition as described above causes cell death to undifferentiated stem cells and differentiated cells other than cardiomyocytes described later. Can be used for However, in order to more efficiently cause cell death in these cells, low sugar conditions (Gluc ⁇ ) containing no saccharides can be used in addition to the above amino acid composition conditions.
- the term “undifferentiated stem cell” means a pluripotent stem cell or a stem cell having multiple differentiation ability generally used in the technical field corresponding to the present invention, and an embryonic stem cell or an induced pluripotency All other pluripotent stem cells with traits similar to embryonic stem cells such as stem cells, and stem cells with multipotency included in mammalian adult organ and tissue cells, bone marrow cells, blood cells, etc. Is included.
- traits similar to embryonic stem cells are the presence of surface (antigen) markers specific to embryonic stem cells, the expression of genes specific to embryonic stem cells, or the ability to form teratomas or chimeric mice It can be defined with cell biological properties specific to embryonic stem cells.
- the undifferentiated stem cells are preferably stem cells having pluripotency.
- These cells can also be defined by having unique cell markers possessed by undifferentiated stem cells such as OCT3 / 4, NANOG, TRA1-60, TRA1-81, SSEA-3, SSEA-4.
- cardiomyocytes in the present invention is a concept including all cells in which differentiation / induction from undifferentiated stem cells into cardiomyocytes is initiated, and the above-described undifferentiated mesoderm, heart mesoderm (or All cardiomyocytes are included via planned cardiomyocytes).
- undifferentiated mesoderm means a cell in which expression of Brachyury protein specific to undifferentiated mesoderm is observed.
- Cardiac mesoderm refers to the expression of proteins specific to mesoderm that has started to differentiate into the heart, such as Mesp-1, and cardiac muscle such as Nkx2.5 and actinin in the same cell. It means a cell that has not yet recognized the expression of a cell-specific protein and does not require further induction thereafter and has the ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes exclusively.
- the cardiomyocyte means a cell that performs an autonomous pulsation, and after fixation, means a cell that expresses a marker such as Nkx2.5, GATA4, or actinin.
- blood fatty acid concentration is 0.1 mM or less, lactic acid concentration is 5-7 mM, and cardiomyocytes use lactic acid as the main energy source (Tohyama S et al., Cell Stem Cell. 2013; 12: 127-137).
- blood fatty acid concentration rises to 0.2-0.4 mM, lactic acid concentration falls to 0.5 mM, and cardiomyocytes become fatty acid as the main energy source (Lopaschuk GD et. al., Am J Physiol. 1991; 261: H1698-1705, Werner JC et al., 1987; 22: 552-556, Medina JM., Biol Neonate. 1985; J Cardiovasc Pharmacol.
- cardiomyocytes when stress such as ischemia or pressure load is applied, the gene expression pattern changes to a fetal pattern, and lactic acid is used as the main energy source, like fetal cardiomyocytes Will be able to.
- lactic acid is used as the main energy source, like fetal cardiomyocytes Will be able to.
- “cardiomyocytes” generally have the common feature that lactic acid, pyruvic acid and fatty acids can be used as energy sources instead of glucose. Then, by utilizing such a characteristic that only other cardiomyocytes have in common but have no other cells, the cardiomyocytes can be purified using the present invention. For this reason, the “cardiomyocytes” used in the present invention are not limited by the origin of the cells or the acquisition means.
- cardiomyocytes obtained by differentiation / induction of pluripotent stem cells
- cardiacocytes collected from human fetuses, newborns and adults, collected from newborns, fetuses and adults of animals belonging to mammals
- cardiacocytes obtained by direct differentiation from non-myocardial differentiated cells, and the like are also included.
- cell line means an immortalized cell that can self-replicate under cell culture conditions.
- the present invention when it does not contain a specific amino acid (serine, glycine, glutamine, or arginine) and / or saccharide from the cell culture solution, it does not contain these specific amino acid or saccharide at all in the culture solution.
- a specific amino acid serine, glycine, glutamine, or arginine
- saccharide when it does not contain these specific amino acid or saccharide at all in the culture solution.
- the amount of these specific amino acids or saccharides allowed is defined as a characteristic of culture conditions in which undifferentiated stem cells, non-cardiomyocytes, established cells, etc. cannot proliferate and induce cell death. be able to.
- a cell culture solution in which the amount of each amino acid or saccharide contained in a commercially available culture solution generally used in cell culture is less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, more preferably less than 1%.
- Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium DMEM, Sigma-Aldrich
- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium
- F-12 medium (Sigma-Aldrich) has an L-Series of 0.02102 or 0.0105 g / L, Glycine of 0.015014 g / L or 0.00751 g / L, and L-Glutamine of 0.1460 to 2922 g / L L, a culture broth containing 0.4214 or 0.211 g / L L-Arginine ⁇ HCl and 1.26 to 1.802 g / L saccharide (D-glucose);
- -RPMI 1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich) is L-Serine 0.03-0.3 g / L, Glycine 0.01-0.1 g / L, L-Glutamine 0.3 g / L, L-Arginine 0.2 to 2 g / L and a saccharide (
- the amount of these amino acids or saccharides is preferably less than 10%, preferably based on the composition of the culture medium generally used in the cell culture described above. Is less than 5%, more preferably less than 1%.
- saccharide is a concept that includes all saccharides (ie, polysaccharides, monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, fructose, mannose, etc.)) in a culture solution.
- the inventors of the present invention can cultivate in a cell culture medium that does not contain glutamine in the amino acid composition, or in addition to glutamine in the amino acid composition.
- Cell death can be induced in undifferentiated stem cells by culturing in a cell culture medium that does not contain serine and glycine, or by culturing in a cell culture medium that does not further contain arginine in the amino acid composition.
- a method for inducing cell death in undifferentiated stem cells can be disclosed.
- cell culture in order to induce cell death in undifferentiated stem cells, is performed for 12 hours to 360 hours, preferably 24 to 240 hours, more preferably, under the condition not containing the specific amino acid. Continues for 48 to 120 hours.
- lactic acid, pyruvic acid or fatty acid is added, and no sugar is contained, and glutamine is not included in the amino acid composition in the culture solution.
- lactate + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , or Pyr + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ undifferentiated stem cells such as human embryonic stem cells and pluripotent stem cells including induced pluripotent stem cells, myocardium It is found that cell death can be induced on differentiated cells other than cells (FIGS. 2B, 3B, and 4B), and as a result, only cardiomyocytes can be selectively obtained, and the present invention is completed. It came to.
- Non-Patent Document 3 Compared to threonine and methionine in undifferentiated stem cells shown in Non-Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Document 4, a medium not containing glucose and glutamine is more excellent in the ability to remove remaining undifferentiated stem cells. It suggests that.
- lactic acid, pyruvic acid or fatty acid is added (Lactate + or Pyr + ), glucose is not included (Gluc ⁇ ), and amino acid composition is glutamine free (Gln ⁇ ).
- An invention of a cell culture medium is provided.
- the cell culture medium according to the second embodiment of the present invention may be further characterized by not containing serine and / or glycine (Ser ⁇ ; Gly ⁇ ), and further by not containing arginine (Arg ⁇ ). Is also good.
- a cell culture solution (Lactate + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ ) that does not contain glutamine among lactic acid addition, low sugar conditions, and amino acid composition
- -Cell culture solution (Lactate + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Ser ⁇ ) that does not contain glutamine and serine among lactic acid addition, low sugar conditions, and amino acid composition
- -Cell culture solution (Lactate + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Gly ⁇ ) that does not contain glutamine and glycine in the amino acid composition with addition of lactic acid, low sugar conditions
- a cell culture solution (Lactate + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Ser ⁇ , Gly ⁇ ) that does not contain glutamine, serine, and glycine among lactic acid addition, low sugar conditions, and amino acid composition
- -Cell culture solution (Lactate + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ ,
- Ascorbic acid and / or albumin may be added to the cell culture medium of the present invention. Addition of ascorbic acid or albumin does not affect the cell death inducing activity of the cell culture medium.
- the cell culture solution described above in the second aspect of the present invention is a culture solution that does not contain serum or serum substitutes, such as lactic acid, pyruvic acid and fatty acid, glucose, glutamine, serine and / or glycine amino acid, or arginine.
- serum or serum substitutes such as lactic acid, pyruvic acid and fatty acid, glucose, glutamine, serine and / or glycine amino acid, or arginine.
- general cell culture medium for example, Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM), MEM medium (for example, ⁇ -MEM, MEM [Hunk's BSS]), RPMI culture
- the composition can be the same as that of the liquid (for example, RPMI 1940, F12 culture medium, StemPro34, mTeSR1, etc.).
- a cell culture medium having a special amino acid composition as described above causes cell death to undifferentiated stem cells, differentiated cells other than cardiomyocytes, and established cells. But does not induce cell death in cardiomyocytes.
- the cell culture medium in the second aspect of the present invention can be used to selectively select cardiomyocytes from a mixture of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes.
- the lactic acid when lactic acid is added to a cell culture medium, the lactic acid (Lactate) is added to the cell culture medium to be used in an amount of 0.1 to 10 mM.
- pyruvic acid when pyruvic acid is added to the cell culture solution, it means that pyruvic acid (Pyruvic acid) is added to 0.1 to 10 mM to the cell culture solution to be used.
- fatty acids are added to the cell culture medium, medium-chain fatty acids (fatty acids having 5 to 12 carbon atoms) and long-chain fatty acids (fatty acids having more than 12 carbon atoms) are added to the cell culture medium to be used. Refers to those with added.
- oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and the like can be added to a concentration of 0.05 to 0.5 mM.
- the inventors of the present invention added lactic acid, pyruvic acid or fatty acid, and in addition to not containing glucose, the cells not containing glutamine in the amino acid composition
- the cells By culturing in a culture solution or by culturing in a cell culture solution that does not contain serine and glycine in addition to glutamine in the amino acid composition, or in a cell culture solution that does not further contain arginine in the amino acid composition
- Cell death can be induced in non-cardiomyocytes by culturing in, and as a result, cell death is induced in non-cardiomyocytes by culturing a mixture of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes.
- non-cardiomyocytes includes all cells other than cardiomyocytes and cells that have been differentiated / induced to become cardiomyocytes in the future.
- a cell or cell line is included.
- the cell culture in order to induce cell death in non-cardiomyocytes, is performed for 12 hours to 360 hours, preferably 24 to 240 hours, more preferably under the conditions not containing the specific amino acid. Continues for 48 to 120 hours.
- Ascorbic acid and / or albumin may be added to the cell culture medium of the present invention. Even when ascorbic acid or albumin is added, cardiomyocytes can be cultured for 600 hours or longer without affecting the purification accuracy of cell death-inducing active cardiomyocytes in the cell culture solution.
- Example 1 Cell Culture In this example, undifferentiated stem cells (embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells) were cultured, differentiated cells were cultured, and undifferentiated stem cells were differentiated into cardiomyocytes. .
- Human embryonic stem cells (human embryonic stem cells) are obtained from Prof. Norio Nakatsuji, a professor of stem cell medicine at the National University Corporation / Research Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyoto University. Obtained from Prof. Shinya Yamanaka, Cell Research Institute.
- the human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells were subjected to undifferentiated maintenance culture using Matrigel (BD Bioscience cat 354277).
- the culture solution used was mTeSR1 (STEMCELL Technologies Inc. cat 11875-119).
- mTeSR1 SteMCELL Technologies Inc. cat 11875-119
- With respect to the undifferentiated maintenance culture solution in addition to mTeSR1, Essential 8 (Life Technologies) and TeSR2 (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) can be used as long as they are generally used as feeder-free media.
- In addition to Matrigel there are Vitronectin (Life Technologies) and iMatrix-511 (Takara no. 892001) as matrix, and
- Day 3 to Day 5 were cultured in a medium in which 5 ⁇ M of IWP2 or 5 ⁇ M of IWR-1 (Sigma I0161) was further added to the RPMI / B27 insulin ( ⁇ ) medium.
- Day 6 to Day 7 were cultured in RPMI / B27 insulin ( ⁇ ) medium.
- the cells were cultured in RPMI / B27 insulin (+) medium (Lian, X., et al., Nat Protocol, 2013, 8, 162-175).
- pulsating cardiomyocytes could be confirmed.
- Example 2 Amino acid requirement of cultured undifferentiated stem cells under culture conditions
- human embryonic stem cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells are used as undifferentiated stem cells, and undifferentiated stem cells are cultured under culture conditions.
- undifferentiated stem cells are cultured under culture conditions.
- the concentration of amino acids in the medium was measured in order to examine particularly essential non-essential amino acids and semi-essential amino acids that are actively consumed. Specifically, 1.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells were cultured for each cell in a 3.5 cm petri dish, and then the culture solution composition before the start of cell culture and the culture solution composition after cell culture were analyzed. .
- Amino acid analysis was performed according to the system of Shinbo et al. (Shimbo, K., Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 23, 1483-1492). After cell culture, the supernatant was taken in a 1.5 mL tube and stored at ⁇ 80 ° C. until measurement. The sample was subjected to protein removal treatment, derivatized with APDS reagent, and applied to the analyzer. The amino acid concentration in each sample was calculated using a calibration curve.
- the analyzed 37 amino acids are as follows: glycine (Gly), sarcosine (Sar), alanine (Ala), ⁇ -aminobutyric acid (GABA), ⁇ -isoaminobutyric acid (b-AiBA), ⁇ -aminobutyric acid (a-ABA) ), Serine (Ser), proline (Pro), valine (Val), threonine (Thr), taurine (Tau), hydroxyproline (HyPro), isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), asparagine (Asn), ornithine ( Orn), aspartic acid (Asp), glutamine (Gln), lysine (Lys), glutamic acid (Glu), methionine (Met), histidine (His), ⁇ -aminoadipic acid (a-AAA), hydroxylysine (HyLys) , Phenylalanine (Phe), 1-methylhistidine (1M His),
- the survival of the cells when cultured under various conditions is determined based on the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) possessed by the cells using the StemTAG TM alkaline phosphatase staining kit (Sigma 86-R).
- ALP alkaline phosphatase
- the reactivity to various amino acid conditions was examined in human embryonic stem cells (FIG. 2) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (FIG. 4) by the method of confirming as living cells.
- Examples of culture media based on the composition of DMEM (Invitrogen) without glucose, supplemented with lactic acid (4 mM) ( “Gluc -, Lactate + conditions"), amino acids one by one of the above from the basic composition of the DMEM (glutamine alone, cystine alone, methionine only, threonine only) medium without (respectively, "Gln -" "Cys2 -” “Met -” "Thr -”) was prepared, using, using their respective media cells Then, after culturing for 24 hours, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of the cells was developed with StemTAG TM alkaline phosphatase staining kit (Sigma 86-R), and the cells stained in red were confirmed as living cells.
- ALP alkaline phosphatase
- Example 3 Cell reactivity to various culture conditions
- how cell viability changes when undifferentiated stem cells or cardiomyocytes are cultured in various culture conditions. was clarified.
- Gluc -, Lactate + lactic acid
- Gluc -, Lactate - lactic acid
- undifferentiated stem cells human embryonic stem cells
- the measurement results are shown in FIG.
- a medium not containing glutamine (“Lactate + , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ ” or “Lactate ⁇ , Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ ”) is used regardless of whether or not lactic acid is added.
- FIG. 3 it was revealed that the survival rate was significantly reduced (FIG. 3).
- Example 4 Differentiation / Induction from Artificial Pluripotent Stem Cells into Cardiomyocytes under Culture Conditions
- the purpose of this example is to clarify the procedure for differentiation / induction from human induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes.
- RPMI medium Invitrogen
- B27 no insulin, Invitrogen
- CHIR99021 CHIR99021 (Selleckchem or Wako) 6 ⁇ M were added to the medium.
- Exchanged Day 0
- -Day 1 to Day 2 were cultured in RPMI / B27 insulin (-) medium.
- Day 3 to Day 5 were cultured in a medium in which IWP2 5 ⁇ M or IWR-1 5 ⁇ M was further added to the RPMI / B27 insulin ( ⁇ ) medium.
- Day 6 to Day 7 were cultured in RPMI / B27 insulin ( ⁇ ) medium.
- the cells were cultured in RPMI / B27 insulin (+) medium (Lian, X., et al., Nat Protocol, 2013, 8, 162-175).
- pulsating cardiomyocytes could be confirmed (FIG. 4A).
- D-MEM culture with 2 times washing with PBS (Gluc ⁇ ) and finally adding 4 mM lactic acid (Wako Pure Chemical cat 129-02666) in order to prevent the sugar in the culture medium from being substantially contained.
- the cells were cultured for 3 to 4 days in the presence of glutamine (Gln + ) or in the absence of glutamine (Gln ⁇ ). It is necessary to adjust the lactic acid concentration in the range of 1 to 10 mM. In this example, 4 mM lactic acid was added.
- Example 5 Amino acid requirement of cardiomyocyte differentiated cells under culture conditions
- cardiomyocytes differentiated and derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells were used under culture conditions. We investigated what amino acid requirement it has.
- FIG. 7A shows a photograph of immunostaining after culturing in a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lactate + ) (FIG. 7C) not containing 3 days.
- cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells were cultured under culture conditions that did not contain glucose and glutamine supplemented with lactic acid (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lactate + ) in a shorter period of time than when cultivated under glucose-free culture conditions (with glutamine) (Gluc ⁇ , Gln + , Lactate + ) supplemented with lactic acid. It was found that cardiomyocytes can be selectively acquired efficiently (FIG. 7B).
- Fig. 8 shows the result of seeding on a culture dish coated with, and immunostaining.
- immunostaining after fixing with 4% paraformaldehyde, anti- ⁇ -actinin antibody (Sigma), anti-troponin I antibody (Santacruz), and anti-Tra1-60 (Millipore) were used.
- ⁇ -actinin is a cardiomyocyte-specific marker
- troponin I is also a cardiomyocyte-specific marker
- Tra1-60 is a pluripotent stem cell-specific marker.
- Example 6 Detection of residual undifferentiated stem cells Among the methods for detecting residual undifferentiated stem cells, a method for quantifying the gene expression of Lin28 by Q-PCR has been reported as a highly sensitive method (PLOS ONE 2012; 7 (5): e37342). Differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells in a glucose-free medium (Gluc ⁇ , All + , Lactate + ) supplemented with lactic acid and a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lactate + ) without glucose and glutamine supplemented with lactic acid -MRNA was extracted from each of the induced cardiomyocytes purified and purified for 4 days to prepare cDNA.
- Gluc ⁇ All + , Lactate +
- a medium Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lactate +
- Example 7 Lactic acid fractosome (metabolic flow rate) analysis in cardiomyocytes in a medium culture not containing glucose and glutamine
- Lactic acid fractosome metabolic flow rate
- the culture medium was changed to modified glucose-free DMEM (Invitrogen) supplemented with 4 mM [ 13 C] -labeled lactic acid (Isotec). After 1 hour, the cells were washed in 10% mannitol (Wako) and collected in methanol containing an internal standard (200 ⁇ M L-methionine sulfone for the cation and 200 ⁇ M MES for the anion).
- modified glucose-free DMEM Invitrogen
- 4 mM [ 13 C] -labeled lactic acid Isotec
- the cells were washed in 10% mannitol (Wako) and collected in methanol containing an internal standard (200 ⁇ M L-methionine sulfone for the cation and 200 ⁇ M MES for the anion).
- Agilent capillary electrophoresis system Agilent 1100 series mass selective detector mass spectrometer, Agilent 1100 series isocratic high performance liquid chromatography pump, G1603A Agilent capillary electrophoresis and mass, where cells and culture medium are collected and air pressure pump is attached
- Capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were performed using an analyzer adapter kit and a G1607A Agilent capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometer sprayer kit (Agilent Technologies). Numerical values were corrected for cell number. In cardiomyocytes, significantly more metabolites within the TCA cycle were detected (FIGS. 10A, B).
- Example 8 Effect of cultivating a cell group obtained by inducing differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells under the condition where lactic acid is added and glucose and glutamine are not included.
- Human induced pluripotent stem cells are the same as in Example 4.
- Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) were induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes by the method.
- lactic acid was added based on the composition of DMEM (Invitrogen), and the medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) not containing glucose and glutamine was used. Cultured for 5 days.
- the cell groups on day 2 and day 5 after the start of culture under conditions (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) to which lactic acid was added and not containing glucose and glutamine were analyzed by FACS. The results are shown in FIG. On FACS, troponin T positive cells in the cell group on the second day were 93.5%, and troponin T positive cells in the cell group on the fifth day were 98.7%.
- cardiomyocytes can be purified when cultured under the conditions (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) containing glucose and glutamine without adding lactic acid as an energy source for cardiomyocytes.
- Example 9 Availability of survival of undifferentiated stem cells and cardiomyocytes under culture conditions not containing glutamine supplemented with pyruvate
- undifferentiation under culture conditions not containing glutamine added with pyruvate The viability of human embryonic stem cells as stem cells and rat neonatal cardiomyocytes as cardiomyocytes was examined.
- DMEM Invitrogen
- a medium containing all amino acids of the basic composition of DMEM (“Gluc ⁇ , ALL + ” conditions)
- Gluc a medium not containing glutamine
- Gluc a medium not containing glutamine
- -, Gln - "condition) free of glutamine of the basic composition of DMEM
- medium containing 4mM an ⁇ - ketoglutarate (“ Gluc -, Gln -, DM- ⁇ KG + ")
- glutamine of the basic composition of DMEM A medium containing “2 mM pyruvic acid” (“Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Pyr + ”) was prepared. Human embryonic stem cells were cultured for 48 hours using the respective media.
- alkaline phosphatase (ALP) possessed by human embryonic stem cells was developed with StemTAG TM alkaline phosphatase staining kit (Sigma 86-R), and the cells stained in red were confirmed as living cells (FIG. 12).
- ALP alkaline phosphatase
- DMEM insulin containing no glucose medium containing all amino acids basic composition of DMEM (Gluc -, ALL +)
- base composition of DMEM base composition of DMEM
- the medium not containing glutamine Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇
- the basic composition of DMEM without glutamine and containing 2 mM pyruvic acid Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Pyr +
- the basic composition of DMEM A medium Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) containing 4 mM lactic acid without glutamine was prepared.
- Example 10 Detection of remaining undifferentiated stem cells The detection sensitivity of another method for detecting remaining undifferentiated stem cells (Tano et al., PLOS ONE 2014) using a combination of laminin-521 and Essential 8 medium was examined. The sensitivity of detection of undifferentiated stem cells was evaluated when mTeSR1 was used as a culture solution and iMatrix (manufactured by Nippi) was used as a scaffold. First, HEK293 cells are mixed with human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) (0%) and 0.1%, 0.01% or 0.001% (FIG. 14A).
- hiPSCs human induced pluripotent stem cells
- undifferentiated stem cells remaining in differentiated cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells were evaluated.
- human induced pluripotent stem cells were induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes by the method of Example 4 and imaged (FIG. 14B).
- lactic acid is added on the basis of the composition of DMEM (Invitrogen), and the conditions (Gluc ⁇ , Gln + , Lac + ) containing glutamine without glucose are included.
- TRA1-60 positive cells are included in cells before purification and cells purified and purified under conditions (Gluc ⁇ , Gln + , Lac + ) containing 4 mM glutamine without glucose, with 4 mM lactic acid added. Was observed. On the other hand, TRA1-60 positive cells were not observed in the cell group purified and purified under the conditions (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) not containing glucose and glutamine added with lactic acid.
- Example 11 Cell death inducing activity against proliferative non-cardiomyocytes
- cell death inducing activity against proliferative non-cardiomyocytes under culture conditions not containing glutamine was examined.
- DMEM Human embryonic stem cells were cultured under DMEM (10% FBS, bFGF-free) conditions for 2 weeks to obtain proliferative non-cardiomyocyte cell groups that did not contain cardiomyocytes.
- This cell group includes differentiated cells other than fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes.
- the cell group based on the composition of DMEM (Invitrogen), containing no glucose, conditions including 4mM glutamine (Gluc -, Gln +) was observed after 48 hours of incubation, the viable cells were observed ( FIG. 15).
- proliferative non-cardiomyocytes can be killed under conditions where lactic acid is added and glucose and glutamine are not included.
- lactic acid is added and glucose and glutamine are not included.
- proliferative non-cardiomyocytes can be killed in a short time.
- Example 12 Compound that can be added to purification medium
- a compound that becomes a nutrient for cardiomyocytes was added to the purification medium, undifferentiated stem cells and non-myocardial differentiated cells did not survive, and myocardium The conditions under which the cells survive longer were sought.
- DMEM DMEM
- ascorbic acid 25 mg / L
- albumin 0.1%) is added to a medium (Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + ) that does not contain glucose and glutamine.
- Gluc ⁇ , Gln ⁇ , Lac + a medium that does not contain glucose and glutamine.
- human induced pluripotent stem cells were cultured in the prepared medium. When observed 24 hours after the start of the culture, human induced pluripotent stem cells were killed in any medium (FIG. 16).
- human induced pluripotent stem cells were cultured under DMEM (10% FBS, not containing bFGF) conditions for 2 weeks to obtain proliferative non-cardiomyocyte cell groups that did not contain cardiomyocytes.
- the obtained cell group was cultured in the prepared medium. After 48 hours from the start of culture, the cells died (FIG. 17).
- a cell culture solution used for causing cell death in undifferentiated stem cells can be provided by preparing a cell culture solution that does not contain glutamine in the amino acid composition. By simply performing cell culture using the cell culture medium of the first aspect, cell death can be easily induced in undifferentiated stem cells.
- a myocardium is prepared. A cell culture medium used for selective selection of cells can be provided.
- undifferentiated stem cells such as pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells can be easily obtained.
- Cell death can be induced in differentiated cells and established cells other than cardiomyocytes, and as a result, cardiomyocytes can be selectively selected.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2:低血清条件、低糖条件、低栄養条件、低カルシウム条件、弱酸性pH条件、乳酸添加条件、アスパラギン酸・グルタミン酸添加条件、および/またはピルビン酸添加条件の培養液中で胚性幹細胞由来の心筋細胞を培養することにより、効率的且つ高度に心筋細胞を選択・精製できること(WO2007/088874);
特許文献3:多能性幹細胞から分化、誘導された心筋細胞を含む凝集された細胞塊を分散させて単細胞化することにより得られる精製された多能性幹細胞由来の心筋細胞を無血清条件下の培地を用いて培養し、当該細胞を凝集させることを特徴とする、多能性幹細胞由来心筋細胞の細胞塊を作製する方法(WO2009/017254);
特許文献4:物質的な毒性や細胞死誘導作用が認められていない物質を多能性幹細胞や非心筋細胞の培養条件に対して添加することにより、非常に効率的に心筋細胞以外の細胞に対して細胞死を誘導する方法(WO2010/114136);そして
特許文献5:培養液中の培養心筋細胞に対して電位感受性蛍光色素を接触させ、培養液中にビタミンE及び/又はコレステロールを添加し、電位感受性蛍光色素の電位依存性又はイオン強度変化依存性の蛍光強度変化を測定することを特徴とする、培養心筋細胞の活動電位を測定する方法(WO2011/052801)。
・アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミンを含まない細胞培養液(Gln−);
・アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびセリンを含まない細胞培養液(Gln−、Ser−);
・アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびグリシンを含まない細胞培養液(Gln−、Ser−、Gly−);
・アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Gln−、Arg−);
・アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Gln−、Ser−、Arg−);
・アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Gln−、Gly−、Arg−);
・アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Gln−、Ser−、Gly−、Arg−);
等を使用することができる。
・ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(DMEM、Sigma−Aldrich)は、L−Serineを0.042g/L、Glycineを0.03g/L、L−Glutamineを0.584g/L、L−Arginine・HClを0.84g/Lまたは0.084g/L、そして糖類(D−グルコース)を4.5~10g/L、を含む培養液;
・F−12培地(Sigma−Aldrich)は、L−Serineを0.02102または0.0105g/L、Glycineを0.015014g/L又は0.00751g/L、L−Glutamineを0.1460~2922g/L、L−Arginine・HClを0.4214または0.211g/L、そして糖類(D−グルコース)を1.26~1.802g/L、を含む培養液;
・RPMI 1640培地(Sigma−Aldrich)は、L−Serineを0.03~0.3g/L、Glycineを0.01~0.1g/L、L−Glutamineを0.3g/L、L−Arginineを0.2~2g/L、そして糖類(D−グルコース)を2.0~20.0g/L、を含む培養液;
である。したがって、特定のアミノ酸および/または糖類を「含まない」と言う場合、上述した細胞培養において一般的に使用する培養液の組成に基づいて、これらのアミノ酸量または糖類の量を10%未満、好ましくは5%未満、より好ましくは1%未満とする。なお、ここで、糖類という場合、培養液中の糖類(すなわち、多糖、単糖(グルコース、ガラクトース、フルクトース、マンノースなど)全てを包含する概念である。
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−);
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびセリンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−);
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびグリシンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−、Gly−);
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびグリシンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−、Gly−);
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−、Arg−);
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−、Arg−);
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−、Gly−、Arg−);
・乳酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Lactate+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−、Gly−、Arg−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびセリンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびグリシンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−、Gly−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびグリシンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−、Gly−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−、Arg−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−、Arg−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−、Gly−、Arg−);
・ピルビン酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液(Pyr+、Gluc−、Gln−、Ser−、Gly−、Arg−);
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミンを含まない細胞培養液;
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびセリンを含まない細胞培養液;
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびグリシンを含まない細胞培養液;
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびグリシンを含まない細胞培養液;
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、およびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液;
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液;
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液;
・脂肪酸添加、低糖条件、かつアミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミン、セリン、グリシンおよびアルギニンを含まない細胞培養液;
等を使用することができる。
本実施例においては、未分化幹細胞(胚性幹細胞および人工多能性幹細胞)の培養、分化細胞の培養、ならびに未分化幹細胞から心筋細胞への分化培養、を行った。
・心筋分化にあたり、ヒト胚性幹細胞またはヒト人工多能性幹細胞が50~90%コンフルエントになったところで、RPMI培地(Invitrogen)にB27(インスリンなし、Invitrogen)およびCHIR99021(Selleckchem or Wako)6μMを添加したものに培地を交換した(Day 0)。
・Day 1~Day 2は、RPMI/B27インスリン(−)培地で培養を行った。
・次いで、Day 3~Day 5は、RPMI/B27インスリン(−)培地に、さらにIWP2 5μMあるいはIWR−1(Sigma I0161)5μMを添加した培地で培養を行った。
・さらに、Day 6~Day 7は、RPMI/B27インスリン(−)培地で培養を行った。
・そして、Day 8以降は、RPMI/B27インスリン(+)培地で培養を行った(Lian,X.,et al.,Nat Protocol,2013,8,162−175)。Day 8~Day 11の段階で、拍動する心筋細胞を確認することができた。
本実施例においては、未分化幹細胞としてヒト胚性幹細胞またはヒト人工多能性幹細胞を使用して、未分化幹細胞が培養条件下においてどの様なアミノ酸要求性を持っているのかを調べた。
本実施例においては、未分化幹細胞または心筋細胞を様々な培養液条件中で培養した場合に、細胞の生存率がどの様に変化するかを明確にした。
本実施例は、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞から心筋細胞への分化・誘導の手順を明確にすることを目的として行われた。
・心筋分化にあたり、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞が50~90%コンフルエントになったところで、RPMI培地(Invitrogen)にB27(インスリンなし、Invitrogen)およびCHIR99021(Selleckchem or Wako)6μMを添加したものに培地を交換した(Day 0)。
・Day 1~Day 2は、RPMI/B27インスリン(−)培地で培養を行った。
・次いで、Day 3~Day 5は、RPMI/B27インスリン(−)培地に、さらにIWP2 5μMあるいはIWR−1 5μMを添加した培地で培養を行った。
・さらに、Day 6~Day 7は、RPMI/B27インスリン(−)培地で培養を行った。
・そして、Day 8以降は、RPMI/B27インスリン(+)培地で培養を行った(Lian,X.,et al.,Nat Protocol,2013,8,162−175)。Day 8~Day 11の段階で、拍動する心筋細胞を確認することができた(図4A)。
本実施例においては、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞から分化・誘導された心筋細胞を使用して、心筋分化細胞が、培養条件下において、どの様なアミノ酸要求性を持っているのかを調べた。
残存未分化幹細胞の検出方法のなかで、感度の高い方法としてLin28の遺伝子発現をQ−PCRによって定量化する方法が報告されている(PLOS ONE 2012;7(5):e37342)。乳酸を添加したグルコースを含まない培地(Gluc−,All+,Lactate+)と乳酸を添加したグルコース及びグルタミンを含まない培地(Gluc−,Gln−,Lactate+)においてヒト人工多能性幹細胞から分化・誘導された心筋細胞を各々4日間純化精製したものからmRNAを抽出し、cDNAを作製した。18Sにてnormalizeした結果、乳酸を添加したグルコースを含まない培地(Gluc−,All+,Lactate+)ではLin28が発現していたのに対して乳酸を添加したグルコース及びグルタミンを含まない培地(Gluc−,Gln−,Lactate+)では全く発現していなかった(図9)。この結果からも乳酸を添加したグルコースを含まない培地(Gluc−,All+,Lactate+)に比べて乳酸を添加したグルコース及びグルタミンを含まない培地(Gluc−,Gln−,Lactate+)において未分化幹細胞除去能が優れていることが示された。
本実施例においては、グルコース及びグルタミンを含まない培養条件下において、心筋細胞がどのように乳酸を代謝し、生存しているのか、についてのメカニズムをキャピラリー電気泳動および質量分析を使用して検討した。
ヒト人工多能性幹細胞を、実施例4と同様の方法によりヒト人工多能性幹細胞(hiPSC)を心筋細胞に分化誘導した。得られた細胞群(hiPSC−CMs)を純化精製するために、DMEM(Invitrogen)の組成をベースに、乳酸を添加し、グルコース及びグルタミンを含まない培地(Gluc−、Gln−、Lac+)で5日間培養した。
本実施例では、ピルビン酸を添加した、グルタミンを含まない培養条件下における、未分化幹細胞としてのヒト胚性幹細胞、及び、心筋細胞としてのラット新生仔心筋細胞の生存の可否について調べた。
laminin−521及びEssential 8培地を組み合わせて用いる、他の残存未分化幹細胞の検出方法(Tano et al.,PLOS ONE 2014)の検出感度を調べた。培養液をmTeSR1、足場材としてiMatrix(ニッピ社製)を使用した場合の未分化幹細胞検出感度を評価した。まず、HEK293細胞の細胞群に、ヒト人工多能性幹細胞(hiPSC)を混入させた条件(0%)及び、0.1%、0.01%又は0.001%の割合で混入させた条件で撮像した(図14A)。0.001%の割合でヒト人工多能性幹細胞を混入させた場合にもヒト人工多能性幹細胞が検出できたことから、この方法によって0.001%の割合で混入する未分化幹細胞まで検出可能であることが確認できた。
本実施例では、グルタミンを含まない培養条件による、増殖性の非心筋細胞に対する細胞死誘導活性について調べた。
本実施例では、精製用培地に、心筋細胞にとって栄養素となる化合物を添加した場合に、未分化幹細胞や非心筋の分化細胞は生存せず、心筋細胞がより長期間生存する条件を探索した。
Claims (26)
- アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミンを含まないことを特徴とする、細胞培養液。
- 未分化幹細胞に細胞死を生じさせるために使用される、請求項1に記載の細胞培養液。
- アミノ酸組成のうち、セリンおよびグリシンを含まないことをさらなる特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の細胞培養液。
- アミノ酸組成のうち、アルギニンを含まないことをさらなる特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の細胞培養液。
- 未分化幹細胞が、多能性を有する幹細胞または複数分化能を有する幹細胞である、請求項4に記載の細胞培養液。
- アミノ酸組成のうち、グルタミンを含まない細胞培養液中で培養することにより、未分化幹細胞に細胞死を誘導する方法。
- 未分化幹細胞が、多能性を有する幹細胞または複数分化能を有する幹細胞である、請求項6に記載の未分化幹細胞に細胞死を誘導する方法。
- 細胞培養液が、アミノ酸組成のうち、セリンおよびグリシンをさらに含まないものである、請求項6または7に記載の未分化幹細胞に細胞死を誘導する方法。
- 細胞培養液が、アミノ酸組成のうち、アルギニンをさらに含まないものである、請求項6~8のいずれか1項に記載の未分化幹細胞に細胞死を誘導する方法。
- 上記特定のアミノ酸を含まない条件下にて、細胞培養を12時間~360時間継続する、請求項6~9のいずれか1項に記載の未分化幹細胞に細胞死を誘導する方法。
- 乳酸を添加し、糖類を含まず、アミノ酸組成のうちグルタミンを含まないことを特徴とする、細胞培養液。
- ピルビン酸を添加し、糖類を含まず、アミノ酸組成のうちグルタミンを含まないことを特徴とする、細胞培養液。
- 脂肪酸を添加し、糖類を含まず、アミノ酸組成のうちグルタミンを含まないことを特徴とする、細胞培養液。
- アミノ酸組成のうち、セリンおよびグリシンを含まないことをさらなる特徴とする、請求項11~13のいずれか1項に記載の細胞培養液。
- アミノ酸組成のうち、アルギニンを含まないことをさらなる特徴とする、請求項11~14のいずれか1項に記載の細胞培養液。
- 心筋細胞と非心筋細胞の混合物から、心筋細胞を選択的に選抜するために使用される、請求項11~15のいずれか1項に記載の細胞培養液。
- 非心筋細胞が、未分化幹細胞、心筋細胞以外の分化細胞、および株化細胞を含む細胞である、請求項16に記載の細胞培養液。
- 前記アスコルビン酸又はアルブミンを添加した、請求項11~17のいずれか1項に記載の細胞培養液。
- 乳酸を添加し、糖類を含まず、アミノ酸組成のうちグルタミンを含まないことを特徴とする細胞培養液中で、心筋細胞と非心筋細胞の混合物を培養することを含む、心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
- ピルビン酸を添加し、糖類を含まず、アミノ酸組成のうちグルタミンを含まないことを特徴とする細胞培養液中で、心筋細胞と非心筋細胞の混合物を培養することを含む、心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
- 脂肪酸を添加し、糖類を含まず、アミノ酸組成のうちグルタミンを含まないことを特徴とする細胞培養液中で、心筋細胞と非心筋細胞の混合物を培養することを含む、心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
- 非心筋細胞が、未分化幹細胞、非心筋の分化細胞、または株化細胞である、請求項19~21のいずれか1項に記載の心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
- 細胞培養液が、アミノ酸組成のうち、セリンおよびグリシンをさらに含まないものである、請求項19~22のいずれか1項に記載の心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
- 細胞培養液が、アミノ酸組成のうち、アルギニンをさらに含まないものである、請求項19~23のいずれか1項に記載の心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
- 上記特定のアミノ酸を含まない条件下にて、細胞培養を12時間~360時間継続する、請求項19~24のいずれか1項に記載の心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
- 前記アスコルビン酸又はアルブミンを添加した、請求項19~25のいずれか1項に記載の心筋細胞を選択的に選抜する方法。
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| AU2015290571A AU2015290571B2 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2015-07-16 | New undifferentiated stem cell removal and myocardial purification and refinement culture medium |
| BR112016030723A BR112016030723B8 (pt) | 2014-07-16 | 2015-07-16 | Meios de cultura de células, método para indução da morte celular de células-tronco indiferenciadas e métodos para seleção de cardiomiócitos |
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| WO2018074457A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-17 | 2018-04-26 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 未分化幹細胞除去剤、及び未分化幹細胞除去方法 |
| WO2018110654A1 (ja) | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Heartseed株式会社 | 未分化幹細胞除去剤及び未分化幹細胞除去方法 |
| WO2018181342A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | 味の素株式会社 | 未分化維持培地添加剤 |
| WO2020080270A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-23 | 公立大学法人横浜市立大学 | 栄養組成物 |
| WO2024248109A1 (ja) * | 2023-05-30 | 2024-12-05 | Heartseed株式会社 | 心筋細胞群、医薬組成物、心筋細胞群の製造方法、及び心筋球 |
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| KR101994035B1 (ko) * | 2018-02-14 | 2019-06-27 | (주) 넥셀 | 세포 분화 및 성숙을 통한 인간 전분화능 줄기세포 유래 기능성 심근세포의 제조 방법 |
| US20230212519A1 (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2023-07-06 | Orizuru Therapeutics, Inc. | Method for purifying cardiomyocytes |
| CN111500532B (zh) * | 2020-04-14 | 2024-10-11 | 上海中医大生物科技有限公司 | 心肌细胞诱导和生长培养基 |
| CN111621470B (zh) * | 2020-06-08 | 2023-06-27 | 广东源心再生医学有限公司 | 一种高效低毒的心肌纯化培养基及方法 |
| CN114591895B (zh) * | 2022-04-12 | 2025-07-22 | 澳门大学 | 一种诱导干细胞分化为心肌细胞的方法及其培养基组合 |
| WO2024173685A1 (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2024-08-22 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Metabolic selection for glycogen-storing cells in vitro |
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| WO2018074457A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-17 | 2018-04-26 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 未分化幹細胞除去剤、及び未分化幹細胞除去方法 |
| KR20190052096A (ko) | 2016-10-17 | 2019-05-15 | 각고호우징 게이오기주크 | 미분화 줄기세포 제거제, 및 미분화 줄기세포 제거 방법 |
| JPWO2018074457A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-17 | 2019-07-18 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 未分化幹細胞除去剤、及び未分化幹細胞除去方法 |
| CN110050060A (zh) * | 2016-10-17 | 2019-07-23 | 学校法人庆应义塾 | 未分化干细胞去除剂以及去除未分化干细胞的方法 |
| WO2018110654A1 (ja) | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Heartseed株式会社 | 未分化幹細胞除去剤及び未分化幹細胞除去方法 |
| WO2018181342A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | 味の素株式会社 | 未分化維持培地添加剤 |
| WO2020080270A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-23 | 公立大学法人横浜市立大学 | 栄養組成物 |
| JPWO2020080270A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-15 | 2021-09-16 | 公立大学法人横浜市立大学 | 栄養組成物 |
| EP3868869A4 (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2022-08-03 | Public University Corporation Yokohama City University | Nutrition composition |
| JP7553918B2 (ja) | 2018-10-15 | 2024-09-19 | 公立大学法人横浜市立大学 | 栄養組成物 |
| WO2024248109A1 (ja) * | 2023-05-30 | 2024-12-05 | Heartseed株式会社 | 心筋細胞群、医薬組成物、心筋細胞群の製造方法、及び心筋球 |
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| IL249813B (en) | 2019-03-31 |
| BR112016030723A2 (ja) | 2017-08-22 |
| KR20170031152A (ko) | 2017-03-20 |
| SG11201700023WA (en) | 2017-02-27 |
| KR102241348B1 (ko) | 2021-04-15 |
| RU2017104838A (ru) | 2018-08-16 |
| RU2017104838A3 (ja) | 2018-10-24 |
| US20170327787A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
| EP3170894B1 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
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| CN107075475A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
| AU2015290571B2 (en) | 2021-03-04 |
| BR112016030723B1 (pt) | 2024-01-09 |
| CA2954242A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
| JP6333378B2 (ja) | 2018-05-30 |
| JPWO2016010165A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
| CN107075475B (zh) | 2021-04-27 |
| AU2015290571A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
| RU2728188C2 (ru) | 2020-07-28 |
| EP3170894A1 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| BR112016030723B8 (pt) | 2024-02-27 |
| CA2954242C (en) | 2024-02-13 |
| EP3170894A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
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