WO2015133612A1 - 透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015133612A1 WO2015133612A1 PCT/JP2015/056680 JP2015056680W WO2015133612A1 WO 2015133612 A1 WO2015133612 A1 WO 2015133612A1 JP 2015056680 W JP2015056680 W JP 2015056680W WO 2015133612 A1 WO2015133612 A1 WO 2015133612A1
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- transparent fluorescent
- fluorescent sialon
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- molded body
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic and a method for producing the same.
- This application claims priority on March 6, 2014 based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-044430 for which it applied to Japan, and uses the content for it here.
- White LEDs have lower power consumption and longer life than existing white light sources, and are therefore applied to backlights for liquid crystal display devices, indoor and outdoor lighting devices, and the like.
- the white LED is obtained by, for example, applying a phosphor or the like on the surface of a blue LED (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the nitride ceramic phosphor is a powder, it is dispersed in a light-transmitting resin and fixed to the surface of the blue LED. In this case, the light emission efficiency of the white LED is reduced due to light scattering caused by the difference in refractive index between the nitride ceramic phosphor and the resin. It is considered that such a problem can be solved by obtaining a transparent mass (bulk body) made only of a nitride ceramic phosphor. In order to make the nitride ceramic phosphor transparent, it is necessary to accelerate the sintering of the raw material powder of the nitride ceramic phosphor and remove pores that are present in the sintered body and serve as light scattering sources.
- the nitride ceramic phosphor has a high refractive index, the transparency is lowered if a glass phase having a low refractive index remains after firing.
- a method for removing pores from the nitride ceramic phosphor and a method for preventing the glass phase from remaining in the nitride ceramic phosphor have not been established.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic having fluorescence and light transmittance and a method for producing the same.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has a general formula M x (Si, Al) y (N, O) z (where M is a group consisting of Li, an alkaline earth metal, and a rare earth metal)
- M is a group consisting of Li, an alkaline earth metal, and a rare earth metal
- the silicon nitride compound may be ⁇ -sialon represented by the general formula (Si, Al) 6 (N, O) 8 .
- the silicon nitride-based compound has a general formula M x (Si, Al) 12 (N, O) 16 (where M is Li, alkaline earth metal, and It may be ⁇ -sialon represented by at least one selected from the group consisting of rare earth metals, 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 2).
- the silicon nitride compound has a general formula M x (Si, Al) y (N, O) z (where M is an alkaline earth metal and a rare earth metal) At least one selected from the group consisting of 0.2 ⁇ x / z ⁇ 0.6, 0.4 ⁇ y / z ⁇ 0.8), and has a crystal structure similar to the wurtzite type It may be a compound.
- the luminescent center element is Eu, Ce, Mn, Tb, Yb, Dy, Sm, Tm, Pr, Nd, Pm, Ho , Er, Gd, Cr, Sn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Ag, Cd, In, Sb, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi and Fe. Also good.
- a method for producing a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic according to another aspect of the present invention comprises uniaxially press-molding a mixture containing at least a silicon nitride powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid, followed by primary molding.
- a method for producing transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics comprising: a step of producing a bonded body; and a step of subjecting the sintered body to a pressure sintering treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- pre-sintering means densifying the secondary compact (sintered body) in a nitrogen atmosphere of 0.1 MPa to 1 MPa before pressure sintering.
- Pressure sintering is a sintering method typified by hot isostatic pressing (HIP sintering), spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot press sintering (HP sintering) and the like. is there.
- a method for producing a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic according to another aspect of the present invention includes a pressure sintering treatment of a mixture containing at least a silicon nitride powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- a process for producing transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics includes a pressure sintering treatment of a mixture containing at least a silicon nitride powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the present invention it is possible to form a predetermined shape as it is and apply it to a white LED, and there is no need to use a sialon phosphor dispersed in a resin as in the prior art.
- Transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics in which the luminous efficiency of the white LED is not reduced by light scattering caused by the difference in refractive index between the body and the resin can be obtained.
- 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the transmittance of visible light for the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Examples 1 to 4.
- 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the emission spectrum and excitation spectrum of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 1. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the emission spectrum and the excitation spectrum about the transparent fluorescence sialon ceramics of Experimental example 2.
- FIG. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the emission spectrum and the excitation spectrum about the transparent fluorescence sialon ceramics of Experimental example 3.
- FIG. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the emission spectrum and the excitation spectrum about the transparent fluorescence sialon ceramics of Experimental example 4.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of measuring the transmittance of visible light for the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Examples 5 to 9. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the emission spectrum about the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental example 6 and 10. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the excitation spectrum about the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental example 6. FIG. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the excitation spectrum about the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental example 12. FIG. It is a graph which shows the result of having measured the excitation spectrum about the transparent fluorescence sialon ceramics of Experimental example 13. FIG.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment has a general formula M x (Si, Al) y (N, O) z (where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals). It consists of a sialon phosphor containing a matrix composed of a silicon nitride compound represented by a seed, 0 ⁇ x / z ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ y / z ⁇ 1), and an emission center element.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment has a general formula M x (Si, Al) y (N, O) z (where M is selected from the group consisting of Li, alkaline earth metal, and rare earth metal). At least one kind, containing a matrix composed of a silicon nitride compound represented by 0 ⁇ x / z ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ y / z ⁇ 1), and a luminescent center element contained (present) in the matrix Made of sialon phosphor.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment is a sintered body obtained by sintering a raw material containing silicon nitride powder.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic is not a particle (powder) but a polycrystalline body formed by aggregating many single crystals of sialon phosphor, and is a sintered body having an arbitrary shape.
- the shape of the sintered body is not particularly limited. For example, a disc shape, a flat plate shape, a convex lens shape, a concave lens shape, a spherical shape, a hemispherical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a prismatic shape such as a prism or a cylinder, a rectangular tube or a cylinder. And the like.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment is applied to a white LED, the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic is formed in a shape covering the outer periphery of a blue LED serving as a light source.
- Transparent in the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment indicates that the linear transmittance at a wavelength of 800 nm is 10% or more.
- the general formula (Si, Al) 6 (N, O) 8 representing ⁇ -sialon is also expressed as a general formula Si 6-z Al z O z N 8-z (where 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 4.2).
- z is preferably 0 or more and 1 or less, and more preferably 0.01 or more and 0.5 or less.
- the general formula M x (Si, Al) 12 (N, O) 16 representing ⁇ -sialon is represented by the general formula M x Si 12- (b + c) Al (b + c) O c N 16-c (where M is Li And at least one selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals, 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 3.60 ⁇ b ⁇ 5.50, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.30).
- x is preferably 0.5 or more and 2 or less.
- b / c is preferably 1.5 or more.
- x / z is preferably 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less, and y / z is preferably 0.4 or more and 0.8 or less.
- the above silicon nitride compound is CaAlSiN 3 .
- the silicon nitride compound represented by the general formula M x (Si, Al) y (N, O) z is not limited to these, and emits fluorescence by activating the luminescent center element. Any compound can be used as long as it is a compound having a light transmission property in the state containing the luminescent center element.
- luminescent central elements Eu, Ce, Mn, Tb, Yb, Dy, Sm, Tm, Pr, Nd, Pm, Ho, Er, Gd, Cr, Sn, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Ag, One selected from the group consisting of Cd, In, Sb, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, and Fe is used.
- the metal element M include Li, Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, lanthanide metals (excluding Ce and La), and the like.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment can emit various fluorescent colors by adjusting the combination of the silicon nitride compound and the luminescent center element. Moreover, the wavelength of the light which permeate
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment is, for example, ⁇ -sialon activated by Eu of a silicon nitride compound, and when the thickness is 100 ⁇ m, the linear light transmittance is 11% or more at 800 nm, The fluorescent color that can be emitted is green. Further, when the silicon nitride compound is Y- ⁇ -sialon activated by Ce, when the thickness is 100 ⁇ m, the linear transmittance of visible light is 65% or more at 800 nm, and the fluorescent color that can be emitted is blue to It is blue-green.
- the silicon nitride compound when the thickness is 100 ⁇ m, the linear transmittance of visible light is 65% or more at 800 nm, and the luminescent fluorescence color is yellow. is there. Further, when the silicon nitride compound is CaAlSiN 3 activated with Eu, when the thickness is 100 ⁇ m, the linear transmittance of visible light is 19% or more at 800 nm, and the luminescent fluorescence color is red.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment is a lump made of a sialon phosphor containing a base material made of a silicon nitride compound and a luminescent center element, and is molded into a predetermined shape as it is, and is white It can be applied to LEDs. Therefore, unlike the prior art, it is not necessary to disperse the sialon phosphor in the resin, so that the light emission efficiency of the white LED is reduced due to light scattering caused by the difference in refractive index between the sialon phosphor and the resin. Absent.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment has a uniform sialon phosphor throughout, the fluorescence emission is uniform and uniform, and the visible light transmittance is uniform and uniform.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment is manufactured by the manufacturing method described later, since there are few pores and glass phase inside, there is little decrease in transparency due to the pores and glass phase, and light transmittance It will be excellent.
- the method for producing a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic according to the present embodiment includes a step of producing a primary molded body by uniaxially pressing a mixture containing at least a silicon nitride powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid; A step of cold-isostatic pressing the primary molded body to produce a secondary molded body, and a step of gas-pressure sintering the secondary molded body in a nitrogen atmosphere to produce a sintered body; Have.
- the method for producing a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic according to the present embodiment is applied when the silicon nitride compound is ⁇ -sialon and ⁇ -sialon.
- the method for producing the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic according to the present embodiment will be described separately for the case where the silicon nitride compound is ⁇ -sialon and the case where it is ⁇ -sialon.
- silicon nitride compound is ⁇ -sialon
- silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) powder, aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) powder and aluminum nitride (AlN) powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a mixture of sintering aids have a predetermined mass. Weigh to a ratio.
- the substance serving as the luminescent center element source for example, when the luminescent center element is Eu, europium (II) oxide (EuO), europium (III) oxide (Eu 2 O 3 ), and europium nitride (EuN) are used.
- the sintering aid at least one selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon oxide, and hafnium oxide is used.
- yttrium (III) oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) are preferably used in combination. The mixing ratio of these raw material powders is appropriately adjusted according to the fluorescence and light transmittance of the target transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic.
- a dispersant is added to these raw material powders, and wet mixing is performed in ethanol by a ball mill to prepare a slurry containing the raw material powders.
- the obtained slurry is heated using a heater such as a mantle heater, and ethanol contained in the slurry is sufficiently evaporated to obtain a mixture of raw material powders (mixed powder).
- a binder solution such as a fully melted binder such as paraffin, a lubricant such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and a solvent such as cyclohexane is sufficiently stirred and mixed.
- the granulated mixed powder is added to the binder solution, and the mixture is heated while mixing so that the binder solution penetrates the entire mixed powder, thereby evaporating the solvent.
- the mixed powder is forcibly passed through a sieve having an opening having a predetermined size to obtain a granulated powder having a predetermined particle diameter.
- a predetermined amount of granulated powder is collected so that the thickness of the molded body after molding using the mold becomes a predetermined size, and the granulated powder is supplied into the mold.
- uniaxial pressure molding machine using a uniaxial pressure molding machine, uniaxial pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 25 MPa to 50 MPa for 30 seconds to obtain a primary molded body.
- the obtained primary molded body is chamfered and packed in a vacuum pack.
- the primary molded body packaged in a vacuum pack is subjected to cold isostatic pressing (Cold) at a pressure of 200 MPa for 1 minute, once, or repeatedly 10 times using a cold isostatic press. (Isostatic Pressing, CIP) molding to obtain a secondary molded body.
- the secondary molded body is placed on an alumina boat, and the secondary molded body is heated in an air current of 70 L / min using an annular resistance furnace to degrease the secondary molded body and perform secondary molding. Remove the binder contained in the body.
- the heating temperature and heating time of the secondary molded body are set in two stages. In the first stage heating, the heating temperature is 250 ° C. and the heating time is 3 hours. In the second stage heating, the heating temperature is 500 ° C. and the heating time is 3 hours.
- the heating temperature of the secondary molded body is set to 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. It is preferable that the heating time is 1 to 10 hours.
- the degreased secondary compact is pre-sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere using a multipurpose high-temperature sintering furnace to obtain a sintered compact.
- a porous Si 3 N 4 crucible produced by reaction sintering is placed in a carbon casing, and further, porous Si 3 N 4 is placed in the crucible.
- the 3 N 4 made of shelves installed, placing the secondary molded body to the shelf plate.
- the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1200 ° C. under vacuum (6.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less) at 20 ° C./min, pressurized to 0.25 MPa with nitrogen gas at 1200 ° C., and 1200 ° C.
- the pressure is increased to 0.9 MPa with a nitrogen gas flow of 4 L / min.
- the sintering temperature of the secondary compact is 1600 ° C. to 1900 ° C., and the sintering time is 2 hours.
- the pressure during sintering is set to 0.88 MPa to 0.91 MPa in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the sintered body is naturally cooled to room temperature and cooled.
- the sintered body was pressed at a pressure of 50 MPa to 200 MPa and a temperature of 1700 ° C. to 1800 ° C. for 1 hour under a nitrogen atmosphere using a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) apparatus. Sinter processing. Thereby, the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of this embodiment is obtained.
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
- the step of producing a secondary molded body by cold isostatic pressing under pressure of the primary molded body, and the secondary molded body under a nitrogen atmosphere Pre-sintering, producing a sintered body, and subjecting the sintered body to a pressure sintering process in a nitrogen atmosphere, a region having a different refractive index that becomes a light scattering source, light It is possible to remove the glass phase that becomes an absorption source of the water.
- the obtained transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has uniform sialon phosphors throughout, so that the fluorescence emission is uniform and uniform, and the visible light transmittance is uniform and uniform.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has few pores and glass phase inside, the transparency is not lowered due to the pores and glass phase, and the light transmissive sialon ceramic is excellent in light transmittance.
- hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ) having a refractive index close to ⁇ -sialon in addition to yttrium (III) oxide (Y 2 O 3 ) as a sintering aid, it is possible to remove pores and glass phase. As a result, a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic excellent in light transmittance can be obtained.
- silicon nitride compound is Y- ⁇ -sialon
- a mixture of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) powder and aluminum nitride (AlN) powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid is weighed so as to have a predetermined mass ratio.
- the substance serving as the emission center element source for example, when the emission center element is Ce, cerium (IV) oxide (CeO 2 ) is used.
- the sintering aid at least one selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, and silicon oxide is used.
- Aluminum nitride (AlN) and yttrium oxide ( III) (Y 2 O 3 ) is preferably used in combination.
- the mixing ratio of these raw material powders is appropriately adjusted according to the fluorescence and light transmittance of the target transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic.
- a dispersant is added to these raw material powders, and wet mixing is performed in ethanol by a ball mill to prepare a slurry containing the raw material powders.
- the obtained slurry is heated using a heater such as a mantle heater, and ethanol contained in the slurry is sufficiently evaporated to obtain a mixture of raw material powders (mixed powder).
- a binder solution such as a fully melted binder such as paraffin, a lubricant such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and a solvent such as cyclohexane is sufficiently stirred and mixed.
- the granulated mixed powder is added to the binder solution, and the mixture is heated while mixing so that the binder solution penetrates the entire mixed powder, thereby evaporating the solvent.
- the mixed powder is forcibly passed through a sieve having an opening having a predetermined size to obtain a granulated powder having a predetermined particle diameter.
- a predetermined amount of granulated powder is collected so that the thickness of the molded body after molding using the mold becomes a predetermined size, and the granulated powder is supplied into the mold.
- uniaxial pressure molding machine using a uniaxial pressure molding machine, uniaxial pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 50 MPa for 30 seconds to obtain a primary molded body.
- the obtained primary molded body is chamfered and packed in a vacuum pack.
- the primary molded body packaged in a vacuum pack is subjected to cold isostatic pressing (Cold) at a pressure of 200 MPa for 1 minute, once, or repeatedly 10 times using a cold isostatic press. (Isostatic Pressing, CIP) molding to obtain a secondary molded body.
- the secondary molded body is placed on an alumina boat, and the secondary molded body is heated in an air current of 70 L / min using an annular resistance furnace to degrease the secondary molded body and perform secondary molding. Remove the binder contained in the body.
- the heating temperature and heating time of the secondary molded body are set in two stages. In the first stage heating, the heating temperature is 500 ° C. and the heating time is 3 hours. In the second stage heating, the heating temperature is 560 ° C. and the heating time is 3 hours.
- the heating temperature of the secondary molded body is set to 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. It is preferable that the heating time is 1 to 10 hours.
- the degreased secondary compact is pre-sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere using a multipurpose high-temperature sintering furnace to obtain a sintered compact.
- a porous Si 3 N 4 crucible produced by reaction sintering is placed in a carbon casing, and further, porous Si 3 N 4 is placed in the crucible.
- the 3 N 4 made of shelves installed, placing the secondary molded body to the shelf plate.
- the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1200 ° C. under vacuum (6.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less) at 20 ° C./min, pressurized to 0.25 MPa with nitrogen gas at 1200 ° C., and 1200 ° C.
- the pressure is increased to 0.9 MPa with a nitrogen gas flow of 4 L / min.
- the sintering temperature of the secondary compact is 1600 ° C. and the sintering time is 2 hours.
- the pressure during sintering is set to 0.88 MPa to 0.91 MPa in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the sintered body is naturally cooled to room temperature and cooled.
- the sintered body was pressed at a pressure of 50 MPa to 200 MPa and a temperature of 1600 ° C. to 1800 ° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere using a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) apparatus. Sinter processing. Thereby, the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of this embodiment is obtained.
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
- the step of producing a secondary molded body by cold isostatic pressing under pressure of the primary molded body, and the secondary molded body under a nitrogen atmosphere Pre-sintering, producing a sintered body, and subjecting the sintered body to a pressure sintering process in a nitrogen atmosphere, a region having a different refractive index that becomes a light scattering source, light It is possible to remove the glass phase that becomes an absorption source of the water.
- the obtained transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has uniform sialon phosphors throughout, so that the fluorescence emission is uniform and uniform, and the visible light transmittance is uniform and uniform.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has few pores and glass phase inside, the transparency is not lowered due to the pores and glass phase, and the light transmissive sialon ceramic is excellent in light transmittance.
- silicon nitride compound is Ca- ⁇ -sialon
- a mixture of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) powder, aluminum nitride (AlN) powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid is weighed so as to have a predetermined mass ratio.
- the substance serving as the emission center element source for example, when the emission center element is Eu, europium (III) oxide (Eu 2 O 3 ) is used.
- the sintering aid at least one selected from the group consisting of rare earth oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon oxide, and hafnium oxide is used, and aluminum nitride (AlN) and It is preferable to use a combination of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ).
- the mixing ratio of these raw material powders is appropriately adjusted according to the fluorescence and light transmittance of the target transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic.
- a dispersant is added to these raw material powders, and wet mixing is performed in ethanol by a ball mill to prepare a slurry containing the raw material powders.
- the obtained slurry is heated using a heater such as a mantle heater, and ethanol contained in the slurry is sufficiently evaporated to obtain a mixture of raw material powders (mixed powder).
- a binder solution such as a fully melted binder such as paraffin, a lubricant such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and a solvent such as cyclohexane is sufficiently stirred and mixed.
- the granulated mixed powder is added to the binder solution, and the mixture is heated while mixing so that the binder solution penetrates the entire mixed powder, thereby evaporating the solvent.
- the mixed powder is forcibly passed through a sieve having an opening having a predetermined size to obtain a granulated powder having a predetermined particle diameter.
- a predetermined amount of granulated powder is collected so that the thickness of the molded body after molding using the mold becomes a predetermined size, and the granulated powder is supplied into the mold.
- uniaxial pressure molding machine using a uniaxial pressure molding machine, uniaxial pressure molding is performed at a pressure of 50 MPa for 30 seconds to obtain a primary molded body.
- the obtained primary molded body is chamfered and packed in a vacuum pack.
- the primary molded body packaged in a vacuum pack is subjected to cold isostatic pressing (Cold) at a pressure of 200 MPa for 1 minute, once, or repeatedly 10 times using a cold isostatic press. (Isostatic Pressing, CIP) molding to obtain a secondary molded body.
- the secondary molded body is placed on an alumina boat, and the secondary molded body is heated in an air current of 70 L / min using an annular resistance furnace to degrease the secondary molded body and perform secondary molding. Remove the binder contained in the body.
- the heating temperature and heating time of the secondary molded body are set in two stages. In the first stage heating, the heating temperature is 500 ° C. and the heating time is 3 hours. In the second stage heating, the heating temperature is 560 ° C. and the heating time is 3 hours.
- the heating temperature of the secondary molded body is set to 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. It is preferable that the heating time is 1 to 10 hours.
- the degreased secondary compact is pre-sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere using a multipurpose high-temperature sintering furnace to obtain a sintered compact.
- a porous Si 3 N 4 crucible produced by reaction sintering is placed in a carbon casing, and further, porous Si 3 N 4 is placed in the crucible.
- the 3 N 4 made of shelves installed, placing the secondary molded body to the shelf plate.
- the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1200 ° C. under vacuum (6.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa or less) at 20 ° C./min, pressurized to 0.25 MPa with nitrogen gas at 1200 ° C., and 1200 ° C.
- the pressure is increased to 0.9 MPa with a nitrogen gas flow of 4 L / min.
- the sintering temperature of the secondary compact is 1600 ° C. and the sintering time is 2 hours.
- the pressure during sintering is set to 0.88 MPa to 0.91 MPa in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the sintered body is naturally cooled to room temperature and cooled.
- the sintered body was pressed at a pressure of 50 MPa to 200 MPa and a temperature of 1600 ° C. to 1800 ° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere using a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) apparatus. Sinter processing. Thereby, the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of this embodiment is obtained.
- HIP hot isostatic pressing
- the step of producing a secondary molded body by cold isostatic pressing under pressure of the primary molded body, and the secondary molded body under a nitrogen atmosphere Pre-sintering, producing a sintered body, and subjecting the sintered body to a pressure sintering process in a nitrogen atmosphere, a region having a different refractive index that becomes a light scattering source, light It is possible to remove the glass phase that becomes an absorption source of the water.
- the obtained transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has uniform sialon phosphors throughout, so that the fluorescence emission is uniform and uniform, and the visible light transmittance is uniform and uniform.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has few pores and glass phase inside, the transparency is not lowered due to the pores and glass phase, and the light transmissive sialon ceramic is excellent in light transmittance.
- the method for producing a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic according to the present embodiment includes a step of subjecting a mixture containing at least a silicon nitride powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid to a pressure sintering process in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the method for producing the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment has a general formula M x (Si, Al) y (N, O) z (where M is at least selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals). 1 type, 0.2 ⁇ x / z ⁇ 0.6, 0.4 ⁇ y / z ⁇ 0.8), and is applied when the compound has a crystal structure similar to the wurtzite type .
- a silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) powder, a calcium nitride (Ca 3 N 2 ) powder, an aluminum nitride (AlN) powder, and a substance serving as a luminescent center element source are weighed so as to have a predetermined mass ratio.
- the substance serving as the luminescent center element source for example, when the luminescent center element is Eu, europium (II) oxide (EuO), europium (III) oxide (Eu 2 O 3 ), and europium nitride (EuN) are used.
- the mixing ratio of these raw material powders is appropriately adjusted according to the fluorescence and light transmittance of the target transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic.
- these raw material powders are dry-mixed by a ball mill, and the obtained mixed powder is filled in, for example, a glass bottle. All operations of weighing, mixing and filling the raw material powder are performed in the glove box.
- the mixed powder is filled into a graphite mold.
- a boron nitride plate is sandwiched between the graphite punch bar and the sample in order to prevent the graphite from entering the sample.
- the mixture in the graphite mold is subjected to pulsed current pressure sintering treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the conditions of the pulsed current pressure sintering treatment are a temperature of 1600 ° C. to 1800 ° C., a holding time of 1 minute to 60 minutes, and a pressure of 10 MPa to 200 MPa.
- the method for producing transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of the present embodiment a step of subjecting a mixture containing at least a silicon nitride powder, a substance serving as a luminescent center element source, and a sintering aid to a pulsed current pressure sintering treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere By passing through, it is possible to remove regions having different refractive indexes that serve as light scattering sources and glass phases that serve as light absorption sources. As a result, the obtained transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has uniform sialon phosphors throughout, so that the fluorescence emission is uniform and uniform, and the visible light transmittance is uniform and uniform. In addition, since the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic has few pores and glass phase inside, the transparency is not lowered due to the pores and glass phase, and the light transmissive sialon ceramic is excellent in light transmittance.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of this embodiment can be applied to light emitting diodes (LEDs), fluorescent lamps, scintillators, lasers and other light emitting devices, televisions, display devices such as personal computer displays, sensors, and the like.
- LEDs light emitting diodes
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment is a sintered body having an arbitrary shape itself, it can be widely applied to the field using a single crystal.
- the conventional YAG transparent fluorescent bulk has a problem in temperature characteristics. That is, it has been reported that the YAG transparent fluorescent bulk material decreases in emission intensity as the temperature increases.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of this embodiment has extremely small quenching due to temperature rise. That is, the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of the present embodiment can realize a light emitting device having excellent color rendering properties.
- a dispersant (trade name: Celna E503, polyacrylic acid, manufactured by Chukyo Yushi Co., Ltd.) is added to the total amount of these raw material powders, and a ball mill (pot: made of silicon nitride, internal volume: 400 mL, sialon balls: particle size 5 mm, 1400) was wet-mixed in ethanol at a rotation speed of 110 rpm for 48 hours to prepare a slurry containing raw material powder.
- the obtained slurry was heated using a heater such as a mantle heater, and ethanol contained in the slurry was sufficiently evaporated to obtain a mixture of raw material powders (mixed powder).
- a # 32 (nominal dimension: 500 ⁇ m) sieve and a # 48 (nominal dimension: 300 ⁇ m) sieve were used in this order, and the above mixed powder was forced through the sieves to obtain a predetermined A mixed powder having a particle size was granulated.
- the solvent cyclohexane purity 99.5%, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was sufficiently stirred and mixed to prepare a binder solution.
- the amount of paraffin added was 4% by mass and the amount of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate added was 2% by mass relative to the total amount of the raw material powder.
- the amount of cyclohexane added was 35 mL / 100 g.
- the granulated mixed powder was added to the binder solution, and the mixture was heated to mix the binder solution so that the binder solution would spread throughout the mixed powder, thereby evaporating the solvent.
- a mixed powder was forcibly passed through a sieve of # 60 (nominal size: 250 ⁇ m) to obtain a granulated powder having a predetermined particle size.
- 0.7 g of the granulated powder was collected so that the thickness of the molded body after molding using a cylindrical stainless steel mold having a diameter of 15 mm was 2 mm, and the granulated powder was placed in the mold. Supplied.
- uniaxial pressure molding machine (trade name: MP-500H, manufactured by Marto)
- MP-500H uniaxial pressure molding
- uniaxial pressure molding was performed at a pressure of 500 MPa for 30 seconds to obtain a primary molded body.
- the obtained primary molded body was chamfered and packed in a vacuum pack.
- the primary molded body packaged in a vacuum pack was subjected to a pressure of 200 MPa for 60 seconds using a cold isostatic press (trade name: SE Handy CIP50-2000, manufactured by Applied Power Japan).
- SE Handy CIP50-2000 manufactured by Applied Power Japan
- the secondary molded body is placed on an alumina boat, and the secondary molded body is heated in a 70 L / min air stream using a tubular resistance furnace to degrease the secondary molded body and perform secondary molding.
- the binder contained in the body was removed.
- heating was performed at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 3 hours and at a temperature of 560 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the secondary molded body is kept at a temperature of 250 ° C. for 3 hours. Heated.
- the degreased secondary molded body was pre-sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere using a multipurpose high-temperature sintering furnace (trade name: High Multi 5000, manufactured by Fuji Denpa Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a sintered body.
- a porous Si 3 N 4 crucible produced by reaction sintering is placed in a carbon casing, and further, porous Si 3 N 4 is placed in the crucible.
- the 3 N 4 made of shelves assembled and arranged secondary molded body to the shelf board. In this sintering process, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1200 ° C.
- the sintered body was subjected to pressure sintering at a pressure of 100 MPa and 1700 ° C. for 1 hour under a nitrogen atmosphere using a hot isostatic pressing apparatus (trade name: SYSTEM15X, manufactured by Kobe Steel).
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 1 was obtained by processing.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 1 was a cylindrical shape.
- the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 1 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 2 was a cylindrical shape. Further, the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 2 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that it was weighed so as to be O 3 : Y 2 O 3 : HfO 2 ).
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 3 was a cylindrical shape. Further, the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 3 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 4 was cylindrical. Further, the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 4 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- a dispersant (trade name: Celna E503, polyacrylic acid, manufactured by Chukyo Yushi Co., Ltd.) is added to the total amount of these raw material powders, and a ball mill (pot: made of silicon nitride, internal volume: 400 mL, sialon balls: particle size 5 mm, 1400) was wet-mixed in ethanol at a rotation speed of 110 rpm for 48 hours to prepare a slurry containing raw material powder.
- the obtained slurry was heated using a heater such as a mantle heater, and ethanol contained in the slurry was sufficiently evaporated to obtain a mixture of raw material powders (mixed powder).
- a # 32 (nominal dimension: 500 ⁇ m) sieve and a # 48 (nominal dimension: 300 ⁇ m) sieve were used in this order, and the above mixed powder was forced through the sieves to obtain a predetermined A mixed powder having a particle size was granulated.
- fully melted binder paraffin melting point 46-48 ° C., manufactured by Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd.
- lubricant bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate purity 97.0%, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- solvent Of cyclohexane purity 99.5%, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the amount of paraffin added was 4% by mass and the amount of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate added was 2% by mass relative to the total amount of the raw material powder.
- the amount of cyclohexane added was 35 mL / 100 g.
- the granulated mixed powder was added to the binder solution, and the mixture was heated to mix the binder solution so that the binder solution would spread throughout the mixed powder, thereby evaporating the solvent.
- a mixed powder was forcibly passed through a sieve of # 60 (nominal size: 250 ⁇ m) to obtain a granulated powder having a predetermined particle size.
- 0.7 g of the granulated powder was collected so that the thickness of the molded body after molding using a cylindrical stainless steel mold having a diameter of 15 mm was 2 mm, and the granulated powder was placed in the mold. Supplied.
- uniaxial pressure molding machine (trade name: MP-500H, manufactured by Marto)
- MP-500H uniaxial pressure molding
- uniaxial pressure molding was performed at a pressure of 500 MPa for 30 seconds to obtain a primary molded body.
- the obtained primary molded body was chamfered and packed in a vacuum pack.
- the primary molded body packaged in a vacuum pack was subjected to a pressure of 200 MPa for 60 seconds using a cold isostatic press (trade name: SE Handy CIP50-2000, manufactured by Applied Power Japan).
- SE Handy CIP50-2000 manufactured by Applied Power Japan
- the secondary molded body is placed on an alumina boat, and the secondary molded body is heated in a 70 L / min air stream using a tubular resistance furnace to degrease the secondary molded body and perform secondary molding.
- the binder contained in the body was removed.
- heating was performed at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 3 hours and at a temperature of 560 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the secondary molded body is kept at a temperature of 250 ° C. for 3 hours. Heated.
- the degreased secondary molded body was pre-sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere using a multipurpose high-temperature sintering furnace (trade name: High Multi 5000, manufactured by Fuji Denpa Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a sintered body.
- a porous Si 3 N 4 crucible produced by reaction sintering is placed in a carbon casing, and further, porous Si 3 N 4 is placed in the crucible.
- the 3 N 4 made of shelves assembled and arranged secondary molded body to the shelf board. In this sintering process, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1200 ° C.
- the sintered body was subjected to pressure sintering at a pressure of 100 MPa and 1600 ° C. for 1 hour under a nitrogen atmosphere using a hot isostatic pressing apparatus (trade name: SYSTEM15X, manufactured by Kobe Steel).
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 5 were obtained by processing.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 5 was a cylindrical shape.
- the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 5 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- Example 6 Manufacture of transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics
- a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 except that a secondary molded body was obtained by cold isostatic pressing 10 times.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 6 was a cylindrical shape.
- the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 6 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- Example 7 Manufacture of transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics
- a phenol resin spherical powder (trade name: R800, average particle size: 20 to 50 ⁇ m, manufactured by Air Water) is a mass ratio with respect to silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) powder, which is one of sialon raw material powders.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 except that the ratio was 92: 3.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 7 was cylindrical.
- the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 7 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- Example 8 Manufacture of transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics
- a transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 7, except that a secondary molded body was obtained by cold isostatic pressing for 10 times.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 8 was a cylindrical shape.
- the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 8 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- Example 9 Manufacture of transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics
- a phenol resin spherical powder was added in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5 except that a mass ratio with respect to silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) powder, which is one of sialon raw material powders, was 92: 5.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 9 were obtained.
- the shape of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 9 was cylindrical.
- the thickness of the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 9 was made into a thin piece by machining and finally set to 100 ⁇ m. Simultaneously with the thinning, double-sided mirror polishing was performed.
- a # 32 (nominal dimension: 500 ⁇ m) sieve and a # 48 (nominal dimension: 300 ⁇ m) sieve were used in this order, and the above mixed powder was forced through the sieves to obtain a predetermined A mixed powder having a particle size was granulated.
- the solvent cyclohexane purity 99.5%, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was sufficiently stirred and mixed to prepare a binder solution.
- the amount of paraffin added was 4% by mass and the amount of bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate added was 2% by mass relative to the total amount of the raw material powder.
- the amount of cyclohexane added was 35 mL / 100 g.
- the granulated mixed powder was added to the binder solution, and the mixture was heated to mix the binder solution so that the binder solution would spread throughout the mixed powder, thereby evaporating the solvent.
- a mixed powder was forcibly passed through a sieve of # 60 (nominal size: 250 ⁇ m) to obtain a granulated powder having a predetermined particle size.
- 0.7 g of the granulated powder was collected so that the thickness of the molded body after molding using a cylindrical stainless steel mold having a diameter of 15 mm was 2 mm, and the granulated powder was placed in the mold. Supplied.
- uniaxial pressure molding machine (trade name: MP-500H, manufactured by Marto)
- MP-500H uniaxial pressure molding
- uniaxial pressure molding was performed at a pressure of 500 MPa for 30 seconds to obtain a primary molded body.
- the obtained primary molded body was chamfered and packed in a vacuum pack.
- the primary molded body packaged in a vacuum pack was subjected to a pressure of 200 MPa for 60 seconds using a cold isostatic press (trade name: SE Handy CIP50-2000, manufactured by Applied Power Japan).
- the cold isostatic pressing was repeated 10 times to obtain a secondary molded body.
- the secondary molded body is placed on an alumina boat, and the secondary molded body is heated in a 70 L / min air stream using a tubular resistance furnace to degrease the secondary molded body and perform secondary molding.
- the binder contained in the body was removed.
- heating was performed at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the secondary molded body is kept at a temperature of 250 ° C. for 3 hours. Heated.
- the degreased secondary molded body was pre-sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere using a multipurpose high-temperature sintering furnace (trade name: High Multi 5000, manufactured by Fuji Denpa Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain a sintered body.
- a porous Si 3 N 4 crucible produced by reaction sintering is placed in a carbon casing, and further, porous Si 3 N 4 is placed in the crucible.
- the 3 N 4 made of shelves assembled and arranged secondary molded body to the shelf board. In this sintering process, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 1200 ° C.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Examples 1 to 4 can emit a green fluorescent color.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Examples 5 to 11 can emit blue to blue-green fluorescent colors.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics of Experimental Example 11 and Experimental Example 12 can emit yellow fluorescent color.
- the transparent fluorescent sialon ceramic of Experimental Example 13 can emit a red fluorescent color. From the results shown in FIG.
- the present invention it is possible to form a predetermined shape as it is and apply it to a white LED, and there is no need to use a sialon phosphor dispersed in a resin as in the prior art.
- Transparent fluorescent sialon ceramics in which the luminous efficiency of the white LED is not reduced by light scattering caused by the difference in refractive index between the body and the resin can be obtained. Therefore, the present invention is extremely useful.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2014年3月6日に、日本に出願された特願2014-044430号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
白色LEDは、例えば、青色LEDの表面に蛍光体等を塗布したものである(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
このような課題は、窒化物セラミックス蛍光体のみからなる透明の塊(バルク体)を得ることによって解決できるものと考えられる。窒化物セラミックス蛍光体を透明化するためには、窒化物セラミックス蛍光体の原料粉末の焼結を促進して、焼結体内に存在し、光の散乱源となる気孔を除去する必要がある。また、窒化物セラミックス蛍光体は、屈折率が高いことから、焼成後に屈折率が低いガラス相が残存していると、透明性が低下する。しかしながら、窒化物セラミックス蛍光体から気孔を除去する方法や、窒化物セラミックス蛍光体にガラス相を残存させないようにする方法が確立されていなかった。
なお、本実施の形態は、発明の趣旨をより良く理解させるために具体的に説明するものであり、特に指定のない限り、本発明を限定するものではない。
本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、一般式Mx(Si,Al)y(N,O)z(但し、Mは、Li、アルカリ土類金属および希土類金属からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、0≦x/z<3、0<y/z<1)で表される窒化ケイ素系化合物からなる母体と、発光中心元素と、を含有するサイアロン蛍光体からなる。
すなわち、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、一般式Mx(Si,Al)y(N,O)z(但し、Mは、Li、アルカリ土類金属および希土類金属からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、0≦x/z<3、0<y/z<1)で表される窒化ケイ素系化合物からなる母体と、その母体内に含まれる(存在する)発光中心元素と、を含有するサイアロン蛍光体からなる。
本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、後述するように、窒化ケイ素粉を含む原料を焼結してなる焼結体である。透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、粒子状(粉末状)ではなく、サイアロン蛍光体の単結晶が多数集合してなる多結晶体であり、任意の形状をなす焼結体である。この焼結体の形状としては、特に限定されず、例えば、円盤状、平板状、凸レンズ状、凹レンズ状、球状、半球状、立方体状、直方体状、角柱や円柱等の柱状、角筒や円筒等の筒状等が挙げられる。
本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、例えば、白色LEDに適用される場合、光源となる青色LEDの外周を覆う形状に形成されて用いられる。
一般式Si6-zAlzOzN8-zにおいて、zが0以上1以下であることが好ましく、0.01以上0.5以下であることがより好ましい。
一般式MxSi12-(b+c)Al(b+c)OcN16-cにおいて、xが0.5以上2以下であることが好ましい。また、一般式MxSi12-(b+c)Al(b+c)OcN16-cにおいて、b/cが1.5以上であることが好ましい。
金属元素Mとしては、Li、Ca、Sr、Ba、Y、ランタニド金属(Ce、Laを除く)等が挙げられる。
また、窒化ケイ素系化合物がCeで賦活したY-α-サイアロンである場合、厚さが100μmのとき、可視光の直線透過率が800nmで65%以上であり、発光可能な蛍光色が青色~青緑色である。
また、窒化ケイ素系化合物がEuで賦活したCa-α-サイアロンである場合、厚さが100μmのとき、可視光の直線透過率が800nmで65%以上であり、発光可能な蛍光色が黄色である。
また、窒化ケイ素系化合物がEuで賦活したCaAlSiN3である場合、厚さが100μmのとき、可視光の直線透過率が800nmで19%以上であり、発光可能な蛍光色が赤色である。
また、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、全体にわたってサイアロン蛍光体が均一に存在するので、蛍光の発光が偏りなく均一であるとともに、可視光の透過率も偏りなく均一である。
本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法は、窒化ケイ素粉末、発光中心元素源となる物質および焼結助剤を少なくとも含む混合物を、一軸加圧成形して1次成形体を作製する工程と、1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧成形して2次成形体を作製する工程と、2次成形体を、窒素雰囲気下でガス圧焼結し、焼結体を作製する工程と、を有する。
本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法は、窒化ケイ素系化合物がβ-サイアロンである場合とα-サイアロンである場合に適用される。
以下、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法を、窒化ケイ素系化合物がβ-サイアロンである場合とα-サイアロンである場合とに分けて説明する。
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)粉末および窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末と、発光中心元素源となる物質と、焼結助剤の混合物とを所定の質量比となるように秤量する。
発光中心元素源となる物質としては、例えば、発光中心元素がEuの場合、酸化ユウロピウム(II)(EuO)、酸化ユウロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)、窒化ユウロピウム(EuN)が用いられる。
焼結助剤としては、希土類酸化物、アルカリ土類金属酸化物、酸化アルミニウム、窒化アルミニウム、酸化シリコンおよび酸化ハフニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種が用いられるが、酸化ハフニウム(HfO2)と酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)を組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。
これらの原料粉末の混合比は、目的とする透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの蛍光性および光透過性に応じて適宜調整する。
次いで、得られたスラリーを、マントルヒーター等のヒーターを用いて加熱して、スラリーに含まれるエタノールを十分に蒸発させて、原料粉末の混合物(混合粉末)を得る。
次いで、十分に融解したパラフィン等のバインダーと、フタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)等の滑剤と、シクロヘキサン等の溶媒とを、十分に攪拌、混合して、バインダー溶液を調製する。
次いで、溶媒を十分に蒸発させた後、所定の大きさの目開きを有する篩を用い、混合粉末を、その篩を強制的に通過させて、所定の粒径を有する造粒粉末を得る。
次いで、一軸加圧成形機を用いて、圧力25MPa~50MPaで、30秒間、一軸加圧成形を行い、1次成形体を得る。
次いで、真空パックに袋詰めされた1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧装置を用いて、圧力200MPaで、1分間、1回、または、繰り返し10回の冷間静水圧加圧(Cold Isostatic Pressing、CIP)成形して、2次成形体を得る。
また、2次成形体に含まれるバインダーや滑剤がある程度蒸発することを促すため、または、バインダーや滑剤の熱分解による炭素の残留を防ぐためには、2次成形体の加熱温度を300℃~600℃、加熱時間を1時間~10時間とすることが好ましい。
2次成形体を焼結するには、カーボン製の筐体内に、反応焼結により作製された多孔質のSi3N4製の坩堝を配置し、さらに、その坩堝の中に多孔質のSi3N4製の棚板を設置し、その棚板状に2次成形体を配置する。
この焼結工程では、室温から1200℃までは真空下(6.7×10-2Pa以下)、20℃/minで昇温し、1200℃で、窒素ガスで0.25MPaまで加圧し、1200℃から目的とする焼結温度までは、10℃/minで昇温しながら、4L/minの窒素ガス流で0.9MPaまで加圧する。2次成形体の焼結温度を1600℃~1900℃、焼結時間を2時間とする。また、焼結時の圧力を、窒素雰囲気下、0.88MPa~0.91MPaとする。
これにより、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得る。
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末および窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末と、発光中心元素源となる物質と、焼結助剤の混合物とを所定の質量比となるように秤量する。
発光中心元素源となる物質としては、例えば、発光中心元素がCeの場合、酸化セリウム(IV)(CeO2)が用いられる。
焼結助剤としては、希土類酸化物、アルカリ土類金属酸化物、酸化アルミニウム、窒化アルミニウムおよび酸化シリコンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種が用いられるが、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)と酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)を組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。
これらの原料粉末の混合比は、目的とする透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの蛍光性および光透過性に応じて適宜調整する。
次いで、得られたスラリーを、マントルヒーター等のヒーターを用いて加熱して、スラリーに含まれるエタノールを十分に蒸発させて、原料粉末の混合物(混合粉末)を得る。
次いで、十分に融解したパラフィン等のバインダーと、フタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)等の滑剤と、シクロヘキサン等の溶媒とを、十分に攪拌、混合して、バインダー溶液を調製する。
次いで、溶媒を十分に蒸発させた後、所定の大きさの目開きを有する篩を用い、混合粉末を、その篩を強制的に通過させて、所定の粒径を有する造粒粉末を得る。
次いで、一軸加圧成形機を用いて、圧力50MPaで、30秒間、一軸加圧成形を行い、1次成形体を得る。
次いで、真空パックに袋詰めされた1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧装置を用いて、圧力200MPaで、1分間、1回、または、繰り返し10回の冷間静水圧加圧(Cold Isostatic Pressing、CIP)成形して、2次成形体を得る。
また、2次成形体に含まれるバインダーや滑剤がある程度蒸発することを促すため、または、バインダーや滑剤の熱分解による炭素の残留を防ぐためには、2次成形体の加熱温度を300℃~600℃、加熱時間を1時間~10時間とすることが好ましい。
2次成形体を焼結するには、カーボン製の筐体内に、反応焼結により作製された多孔質のSi3N4製の坩堝を配置し、さらに、その坩堝の中に多孔質のSi3N4製の棚板を設置し、その棚板状に2次成形体を配置する。
この焼結工程では、室温から1200℃までは真空下(6.7×10-2Pa以下)、20℃/minで昇温し、1200℃で、窒素ガスで0.25MPaまで加圧し、1200℃から目的とする焼結温度までは、10℃/minで昇温しながら、4L/minの窒素ガス流で0.9MPaまで加圧する。2次成形体の焼結温度を1600℃、焼結時間を2時間とする。また、焼結時の圧力を、窒素雰囲気下、0.88MPa~0.91MPaとする。
これにより、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得る。
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末と、発光中心元素源となる物質と、焼結助剤の混合物とを所定の質量比となるように秤量する。
発光中心元素源となる物質としては、例えば、発光中心元素がEuの場合、酸化ユーロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)が用いられる。
焼結助剤としては、希土類酸化物、アルカリ土類金属酸化物、酸化アルミニウム、窒化アルミニウム、酸化シリコンおよび酸化ハフニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種が用いられるが、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)と炭酸カルシウム(CaCO3)を組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。
これらの原料粉末の混合比は、目的とする透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの蛍光性および光透過性に応じて適宜調整する。
次いで、得られたスラリーを、マントルヒーター等のヒーターを用いて加熱して、スラリーに含まれるエタノールを十分に蒸発させて、原料粉末の混合物(混合粉末)を得る。
次いで、十分に融解したパラフィン等のバインダーと、フタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)等の滑剤と、シクロヘキサン等の溶媒とを、十分に攪拌、混合して、バインダー溶液を調製する。
次いで、溶媒を十分に蒸発させた後、所定の大きさの目開きを有する篩を用い、混合粉末を、その篩を強制的に通過させて、所定の粒径を有する造粒粉末を得る。
次いで、一軸加圧成形機を用いて、圧力50MPaで、30秒間、一軸加圧成形を行い、1次成形体を得る。
次いで、真空パックに袋詰めされた1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧装置を用いて、圧力200MPaで、1分間、1回、または、繰り返し10回の冷間静水圧加圧(Cold Isostatic Pressing、CIP)成形して、2次成形体を得る。
また、2次成形体に含まれるバインダーや滑剤がある程度蒸発することを促すため、または、バインダーや滑剤の熱分解による炭素の残留を防ぐためには、2次成形体の加熱温度を300℃~600℃、加熱時間を1時間~10時間とすることが好ましい。
2次成形体を焼結するには、カーボン製の筐体内に、反応焼結により作製された多孔質のSi3N4製の坩堝を配置し、さらに、その坩堝の中に多孔質のSi3N4製の棚板を設置し、その棚板状に2次成形体を配置する。
この焼結工程では、室温から1200℃までは真空下(6.7×10-2Pa以下)、20℃/minで昇温し、1200℃で、窒素ガスで0.25MPaまで加圧し、1200℃から目的とする焼結温度までは、10℃/minで昇温しながら、4L/minの窒素ガス流で0.9MPaまで加圧する。2次成形体の焼結温度を1600℃、焼結時間を2時間とする。また、焼結時の圧力を、窒素雰囲気下、0.88MPa~0.91MPaとする。
これにより、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得る。
本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法は、窒化ケイ素粉末、発光中心元素源となる物質および焼結助剤を少なくとも含む混合物を、窒素雰囲気下で加圧焼結処理する工程を有する。
本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法は、一般式Mx(Si,Al)y(N,O)z(但し、Mは、アルカリ土類金属および希土類金属からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、0.2≦x/z≦0.6、0.4≦y/z≦0.8)で表わされ、ウルツ鉱型と類似の結晶構造を有する化合物である場合に適用される。
発光中心元素源となる物質としては、例えば、発光中心元素がEuの場合、酸化ユウロピウム(II)(EuO)、酸化ユウロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)、窒化ユウロピウム(EuN)が用いられる。
これらの原料粉末の混合比は、目的とする透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの蛍光性および光透過性に応じて適宜調整する。
パルス通電加圧焼結処理の条件を、温度1600℃~1800℃、保持時間1分~60分、圧力10MPa~200MPaとする。
これにより、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得る。
従来、蛍光体は、粉末の形態で供給されていたため、蛍光体を、シンチレータのように単結晶を用いる分野には適用することが難しかった。本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、それ自体が任意の形状をなす焼結体であるので、単結晶を用いる分野にも広く適用することができる。
また、従来のYAG透明蛍光バルク体は、温度特性に課題があった。すなわち、YAG透明蛍光バルク体は、温度の上昇に伴って、発光強度が減少することが報告されている。これに対して、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、温度上昇に伴う消光が極めて小さい。すなわち、本実施形態の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスは、演色性等に優れる発光装置を実現できる。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末(商品名:SN-E10、純度>98%、平均粒径:0.6μm、宇部興産社製)と、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)粉末(商品名:AKP-30、住友化学社製)と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末(Fグレード、純度>98%、平均粒径:1.29μm、トクヤマ社製)と、酸化ユウロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)(信越化学工業社製)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)(商品名:RU-P、純度>99.9%、平均粒径:1.1μm、信越化学工業社製)と、酸化ハフニウム(HfO2)(商品名:HFE01PB、高純度化学研究所社製)とを、質量比で、92:1.5:2.5:1:2.5:5(=Si3N4:Al2O3:AlN:Eu2O3:Y2O3:HfO2)となるように秤量した。
次いで、これらの原料粉末の総量に対して、分散剤(商品名:セルナE503、ポリアクリル酸系、中京油脂社製)を2質量%添加して、ボールミル(ポット:窒化ケイ素製、内容積:400mL、サイアロンボール:粒径5mm、1400個)により、エタノール中で、回転速度110rpmで48時間、湿式混合を行い、原料粉末を含むスラリーを調製した。
次いで、得られたスラリーを、マントルヒーター等のヒーターを用いて加熱して、スラリーに含まれるエタノールを十分に蒸発させて、原料粉末の混合物(混合粉末)を得た。
次いで、十分に融解したバインダーのパラフィン(融点46℃~48℃、純正化学社製)と、滑剤のフタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)(純度97.0%、和光純薬工業社製)と、溶媒のシクロヘキサン(純度99.5%、和光純薬工業社製)とを、十分に攪拌、混合して、バインダー溶液を調製した。ここで、原料粉末の総量に対する、パラフィンの添加量を4質量%、フタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)の添加量を2質量%とした。また、シクロヘキサンの添加量を35mL/100gとした。
次いで、溶媒を十分に蒸発させた後、♯60(呼び寸法:250μm)の篩を用い、混合粉末を、その篩を強制的に通過させて、所定の粒径を有する造粒粉末を得た。
次いで、直径15mmの円筒形状のステンレス製金型を用いた成形後の成形体の厚さが2mmとなるように、0.7gの造粒粉末を採取し、その造粒粉末を金型内に供給した。
次いで、一軸加圧成形機(商品名:MP-500H、マルトー社製)を用いて、圧力500MPaで、30秒間、一軸加圧成形を行い、1次成形体を得た。
次いで、得られた1次成形体の面取りを行い、真空パックにて袋詰めした。
次いで、真空パックに袋詰めされた1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧装置(商品名:SEハンディCIP50-2000、アプライドパワージャパン社製)を用いて、圧力200MPaで、60秒間、1回、または、繰り返し10回の冷間静水圧加圧成形して、2次成形体を得た。
また、2次成形体に含まれるバインダーや滑剤がある程度蒸発することを促すため、または、バインダーや滑剤の熱分解による炭素の残留を防ぐためには、2次成形体を、温度250℃で3時間加熱した。
2次成形体を焼結するには、カーボン製の筐体内に、反応焼結により作製された多孔質のSi3N4製の坩堝を配置し、さらに、その坩堝の中に多孔質のSi3N4製の棚板を設置し、その棚板上に2次成形体を配置した。
この焼結工程では、室温から1200℃までは真空下(6.7×10-2Pa以下)、20℃/minで昇温し、1200℃で、窒素ガスで0.25MPaまで加圧し、1200℃から1600℃までは、10℃/minで昇温しながら、4L/minの窒素ガス流で0.9MPaまで加圧した。2次成形体の焼結温度を1600℃、焼結時間を2時間とした。また、焼結時の圧力を、窒素雰囲気下、0.88~0.91MPaとした。
次いで、焼結終了後、焼結体を室温まで自然放冷して冷却した。
次いで、焼結体を、熱間等方圧加圧加工装置(商品名:SYSTEM15X、神戸製鋼社製)を用いて、窒素雰囲気下で、圧力100MPa、1700℃で、1時間、加圧焼結処理し、実験例1の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
実験例1の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例1の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例1の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。
厚さ100μmの試料をテープで冶具に固定し、LAMBDA750(Perkin Elmer社製)を用い、測定波長域を300nm~800nmとし、可視光の透過率を測定した。結果を表1および図1に示す。
実験例1の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。
発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定では、FP6300(Jasco製)を用い、測定波長域を、発光スペクトルを405nm励起で430nm~700nm、励起スペクトルを540nm励起で280nm~500nm(270nmカットフィルタ下)とした。結果を図2に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末と、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)粉末と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末と、酸化ユウロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)と、酸化ハフニウム(HfO2)とを、質量比で、92:1.5:3.5:1:2.5:5(=Si3N4:Al2O3:AlN:Eu2O3:Y2O3:HfO2)となるように秤量した以外は実験例1と同様にして、実験例2の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例2の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例2の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例2の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1および図1に示す。
実験例2の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。結果を図3に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末と、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)粉末と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末と、酸化ユウロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)と、酸化ハフニウム(HfO2)とを、質量比で、92:1.5:5:1:2.5:5(=Si3N4:Al2O3:AlN:Eu2O3:Y2O3:HfO2)となるように秤量した以外は実験例1と同様にして、実験例3の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例3の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例3の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例3の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を図1に示す。
実験例3の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。結果を図4に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末と、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)粉末と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末と、酸化ユウロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)と、酸化ハフニウム(HfO2)とを、質量比で、92:1.5:1.5:1:2.5:5(=Si3N4:Al2O3:AlN:Eu2O3:Y2O3:HfO2)となるように秤量した以外は実験例1と同様にして、実験例4の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例4の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例4の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例4の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を図1に示す。
実験例4の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。結果を図5に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末(商品名:SN-E10、純度>98%、平均粒径:0.6μm、宇部興産社製)と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末(Fグレード、純度>98%、平均粒径:1.29μm、トクヤマ社製)と、酸化セリウム(IV)(CeO2)(信越化学工業社製)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)(商品名:RU-P、純度>99.9%、平均粒径:1.1μm、信越化学工業社製)とを、モル比で、21:9:0.2:0.9(=Si3N4:AlN:CeO2:Y2O3)となるように秤量した。
次いで、これらの原料粉末の総量に対して、分散剤(商品名:セルナE503、ポリアクリル酸系、中京油脂社製)を2質量%添加して、ボールミル(ポット:窒化ケイ素製、内容積:400mL、サイアロンボール:粒径5mm、1400個)により、エタノール中で、回転速度110rpmで48時間、湿式混合を行い、原料粉末を含むスラリーを調製した。
次いで、得られたスラリーを、マントルヒーター等のヒーターを用いて加熱して、スラリーに含まれるエタノールを十分に蒸発させて、原料粉末の混合物(混合粉末)を得た。
次いで、十分に融解したバインダーのパラフィン(融点46~48℃、純正化学社製)と、滑剤のフタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)(純度97.0%、和光純薬工業社製)と、溶媒のシクロヘキサン(純度99.5%、和光純薬工業社製)とを、十分に攪拌、混合して、バインダー溶液を調製した。ここで、原料粉末の総量に対する、パラフィンの添加量を4質量%、フタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)の添加量を2質量%とした。また、シクロヘキサンの添加量を35mL/100gとした。
次いで、溶媒を十分に蒸発させた後、♯60(呼び寸法:250μm)の篩を用い、混合粉末を、その篩を強制的に通過させて、所定の粒径を有する造粒粉末を得た。
次いで、直径15mmの円筒形状のステンレス製金型を用いた成形後の成形体の厚さが2mmとなるように、0.7gの造粒粉末を採取し、その造粒粉末を金型内に供給した。
次いで、一軸加圧成形機(商品名:MP-500H、マルトー社製)を用いて、圧力500MPaで、30秒間、一軸加圧成形を行い、1次成形体を得た。
次いで、得られた1次成形体の面取りを行い、真空パックにて袋詰めした。
次いで、真空パックに袋詰めされた1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧装置(商品名:SEハンディCIP50-2000、アプライドパワージャパン社製)を用いて、圧力200MPaで、60秒間、1回の冷間静水圧加圧成形して、2次成形体を得た。
また、2次成形体に含まれるバインダーや滑剤がある程度蒸発することを促すため、または、バインダーや滑剤の熱分解による炭素の残留を防ぐためには、2次成形体を、温度250℃で3時間加熱した。
2次成形体を焼結するには、カーボン製の筐体内に、反応焼結により作製された多孔質のSi3N4製の坩堝を配置し、さらに、その坩堝の中に多孔質のSi3N4製の棚板を設置し、その棚板上に2次成形体を配置した。
この焼結工程では、室温から1200℃までは真空下(6.7×10-2Pa以下)、20℃/minで昇温し、1200℃で、窒素ガスで0.25MPaまで加圧し、1200℃から1600℃までは、10℃/minで昇温しながら、4L/minの窒素ガス流で0.9MPaまで加圧した。2次成形体の焼結温度を1600℃、焼結時間を2時間とした。また、焼結時の圧力を、窒素雰囲気下、0.88~0.91MPaとした。
次いで、焼結終了後、焼結体を室温まで自然放冷して冷却した。
次いで、焼結体を、熱間等方圧加圧加工装置(商品名:SYSTEM15X、神戸製鋼社製)を用いて、窒素雰囲気下で、圧力100MPa、1600℃で、1時間、加圧焼結処理し、実験例5の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例5の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例5の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例5の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1および図6に示す。
実験例5の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
10回の冷間静水圧加圧成形して、2次成形体を得た以外は実験例5と同様にして、実験例6の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例6の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例6の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例6の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1および図6に示す。
実験例6の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
造孔剤として、フェノール樹脂球状粉末(商品名:R800、平均粒径:20~50μm、エアウォーター社製)を、サイアロン原料粉末の1つである窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末に対する質量比が92:3となるように添加した以外は実験例5と同様にして、実験例7の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例7の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例7の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例7の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1および図6に示す。
実験例7の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
10回の冷間静水圧加圧成形して、2次成形体を得た以外は実験例7と同様にして、実験例8の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例8の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例8の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例8の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1および図6に示す。
実験例8の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
造孔剤として、フェノール樹脂球状粉末を、サイアロン原料粉末の1つである窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末に対する質量比が92:5となるように添加した以外は実験例5と同様にして、実験例9の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例9の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例9の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例9の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を図6に示す。
実験例9の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末と、酸化セリウム(IV)(CeO2)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)とを、モル比で、21:9:0.5:1(=Si3N4:AlN:CeO2:Y2O3)となるように秤量し、10回の冷間静水圧加圧成形して、2次成形体を得た以外は実験例5と同様にして、実験例10の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例10の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例10の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例10の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実験例10の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光スペクトルの測定結果を図7、励起スペクトルの測定結果を図8に示す。
また、発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末(商品名:SN-E10、純度>98%、平均粒径:0.6μm、宇部興産社製)と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末(Fグレード、純度>98%、平均粒径:1.29μm、トクヤマ社製)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)(商品名:RU-P、純度>99.9%、平均粒径:1.1μm、信越化学工業社製)と、酸化ユーロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)(信越化学工業社製)を、モル比で、21:9:0.9:0.1(=Si3N4:AlN:Y2O3:Eu2O3)となるように秤量した。
次いで、これらの原料粉末の総量に対して、分散剤(商品名:セルナE503、ポリアクリル酸系、中京油脂社製)を2質量%添加して、ボールミル(ポット:ポリスチレン製、内容積:250mL、サイアロンボール:粒径5mm、700個)により、エタノール中で、回転速度110rpmで48時間、湿式混合を行い、原料粉末を含むスラリーを調製した。
次いで、得られたスラリーを、マントルヒーター等のヒーターを用いて加熱して、スラリーに含まれるエタノールを十分に蒸発させて、原料粉末の混合物(混合粉末)を得た。
次いで、十分に融解したバインダーのパラフィン(融点46℃~48℃、純正化学社製)と、滑剤のフタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)(純度97.0%、和光純薬工業社製)と、溶媒のシクロヘキサン(純度99.5%、和光純薬工業社製)とを、十分に攪拌、混合して、バインダー溶液を調製した。ここで、原料粉末の総量に対する、パラフィンの添加量を4質量%、フタル酸ビス(2-エチルヘキシル)の添加量を2質量%とした。また、シクロヘキサンの添加量を35mL/100gとした。
次いで、溶媒を十分に蒸発させた後、♯60(呼び寸法:250μm)の篩を用い、混合粉末を、その篩を強制的に通過させて、所定の粒径を有する造粒粉末を得た。
次いで、直径15mmの円筒形状のステンレス製金型を用いた成形後の成形体の厚さが2mmとなるように、0.7gの造粒粉末を採取し、その造粒粉末を金型内に供給した。
次いで、一軸加圧成形機(商品名:MP-500H、マルトー社製)を用いて、圧力500MPaで、30秒間、一軸加圧成形を行い、1次成形体を得た。
次いで、得られた1次成形体の面取りを行い、真空パックにて袋詰めした。
次いで、真空パックに袋詰めされた1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧装置(商品名:SEハンディCIP50-2000、アプライドパワージャパン社製)を用いて、圧力200MPaで、60秒間、1回の冷間静水圧加圧成形を10回繰り返して、2次成形体を得た。
また、2次成形体に含まれるバインダーや滑剤がある程度蒸発することを促すため、または、バインダーや滑剤の熱分解による炭素の残留を防ぐためには、2次成形体を、温度250℃で3時間加熱した。
2次成形体を焼結するには、カーボン製の筐体内に、反応焼結により作製された多孔質のSi3N4製の坩堝を配置し、さらに、その坩堝の中に多孔質のSi3N4製の棚板を設置し、その棚板上に2次成形体を配置した。
この焼結工程では、室温から1200℃までは真空下(6.7×10-2Pa以下)、20℃/minで昇温し、1200℃で、窒素ガスで0.25MPaまで加圧し、1200℃から1600℃までは、10℃/minで昇温しながら、4L/minの窒素ガス流で0.9MPaまで加圧した。2次成形体の焼結温度を1700℃、焼結条件を2時間として作製した焼結体は、焼結終了後、焼結体を室温まで自然放冷して冷却した後、熱間等方圧加圧加工装置(商品名:SYSTEM15X、神戸製鋼社製)を用いて、窒素雰囲気下で、圧力100MPa、1600℃で、1時間、加圧焼結処理し、実験例11の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
また、実験例11の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例11の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例11の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実験例11の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末(商品名:SN-E10、純度>98%、平均粒径:0.6μm、宇部興産社製)と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末(Fグレード、純度>98%、平均粒径:1.29μm、トクヤマ社製)と、酸化イットリウム(III)(Y2O3)(商品名:RU-P、純度>99.9%、平均粒径:1.1μm、信越化学工業社製)と、CaCO3(純正化学社製)と、酸化ユーロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)(信越化学工業社製)を、モル比で、21:9:0.675:0.45:0.1(=Si3N4:AlN:Y2O3:CaCO3:Eu2O3)となるように秤量した以外は、実験例11と同様にして、実験例12の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスを得た。
実験例12の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実験例12の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1および図9に示す。
(透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造)
まず、窒化ケイ素(Si3N4)粉末(商品名:SN-E10、純度>98%、平均粒径:0.6μm、宇部興産社製)と、窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末(Hグレード、純度>98%、平均粒径:1.29μm、トクヤマ社製)と、酸化ユウロピウム(III)(Eu2O3)(信越化学工業社製)と、窒化カルシウム(Ca3N2)(SIGMA-ALDLICH社製)とを、モル比で、1:1:0.016:0.984(=Si:Al:Eu:Ca)となるように秤量した。
次いで、これらの原料粉末を、ボールミルで5時間乾式混合を行い、得られた混合粉末を瓶に充填した。原料粉末の秤量、混合、充填の操作は、全てグローボックス内で行った。
焼結温度は1760℃、焼結時間は10分間、焼成雰囲気は窒素ガス中とした。
また、実験例13の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの形状は、円柱状であった。また、実験例12の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの厚さは、機械加工により薄片化し、最終的に100μmとした。薄片化と同時に、両面鏡面研磨を行った。
実験例13の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例1と同様にして、可視光の直線透過率の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実験例13の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスについて、実験例12と同様にして、発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定を行った。発光スペクトルおよび励起スペクトルの測定では、FP6300(Jasco製)を用い、測定波長域を、発光スペクトルを471nm励起で485nm~750nm、励起スペクトルを633nm励起で220nm~600nmとした。結果を図10に示す。また、発光波長ピークと励起波長ピークの測定結果を表1に示す。
図6の結果から、造孔剤として、フェノール樹脂球状粉末の添加量が増加すると、透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスにおける可視光の透過率が低下することが分かった。これは、造孔剤として、フェノール樹脂球状粉末の添加により、透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックス内に形成された細孔に空気を含むことに起因するものと考えられる。また、冷間静水圧加圧成形の回数が1回と10回では、得られた透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスにおける可視光の透過率にほとんど差異がないことが分かった。
また、図7および図8の結果から、酸化セリウム(IV)(CeO2)の添加量を変えることにより、透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスにおける発光波長および励起波長をシフトできることが分かった。
Claims (8)
- 一般式Mx(Si,Al)y(N,O)z(但し、Mは、Li、アルカリ土類金属および希土類金属からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、0≦x/z<3、0<y/z<1)で表される窒化ケイ素系化合物からなる母体と、発光中心元素と、を含有するサイアロン蛍光体からなることを特徴とする透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックス。
- 前記窒化ケイ素系化合物は、一般式(Si,Al)6(N,O)8で表されるβ-サイアロンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックス。
- 前記窒化ケイ素系化合物は、一般式Mx(Si,Al)12(N,O)16(但し、Mは、Li、アルカリ土類金属および希土類金属からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、0.3≦x≦2)で表されるα-サイアロンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックス。
- 前記窒化ケイ素系化合物は、一般式Mx(Si,Al)y(N,O)z(但し、Mは、アルカリ土類金属および希土類金属からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種、0.2≦x/z≦0.6、0.4≦y/z≦0.8)で表わされ、ウルツ鉱型と類似の結晶構造を有する化合物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックス。
- 前記発光中心元素は、Eu、Ce、Mn、Tb、Yb、Dy、Sm、Tm、Pr、Nd、Pm、Ho、Er、Gd、Cr、Sn、Cu、Zn、Ga、Ge、As、Ag、Cd、In、Sb、Au、Hg、Tl、Pb、BiおよびFeからなる群から選択される1種であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックス。
- 窒化ケイ素粉末、発光中心元素源となる物質および焼結助剤を少なくとも含む混合物を、一軸加圧成形して1次成形体を作製する工程と、
前記1次成形体を、冷間静水圧加圧成形して2次成形体を作製する工程と、
前記2次成形体を、窒素雰囲気下で予備焼結し、焼結体を作製する工程と、
前記焼結体を、窒素雰囲気下で加圧焼結処理する工程と、を有することを特徴とする透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法。 - 窒化ケイ素粉末、発光中心元素源となる物質および焼結助剤を少なくとも含む混合物を、窒素雰囲気下で加圧焼結処理する工程を有することを特徴とする透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法。
- 前記焼結助剤として、希土類酸化物、アルカリ土類金属酸化物、酸化アルミニウム、窒化アルミニウム、酸化シリコンおよび酸化ハフニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を用いることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の透明蛍光サイアロンセラミックスの製造方法。
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| WO2018235495A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-19 | 2018-12-27 | Ntn株式会社 | ストレージ蛍光体、ストレージ蛍光体の製造方法、放射線検出素子、個人被曝線量計及びイメージングプレート |
| JP2020193142A (ja) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-12-03 | 日亜化学工業株式会社 | 波長変換焼結体の製造方法 |
| US11486550B2 (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2022-11-01 | Nichia Corporation | Method for producing wavelength conversion sintered body |
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| JP2022136795A (ja) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-21 | デンカ株式会社 | ユウロピウム賦活β型サイアロン蛍光体、及び発光装置 |
| JP2023128050A (ja) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-09-14 | 地方独立行政法人神奈川県立産業技術総合研究所 | 青色発光透明サイアロンセラミックスおよびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110498687A (zh) | 2019-11-26 |
| JPWO2015133612A1 (ja) | 2017-04-06 |
| JP6222612B2 (ja) | 2017-11-01 |
| KR102367209B1 (ko) | 2022-02-23 |
| US20170073578A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
| US11111433B2 (en) | 2021-09-07 |
| CN106068321A (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
| KR20160131010A (ko) | 2016-11-15 |
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