Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
  • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
  • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
  • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
  • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
  • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
  • D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
  • D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
  • D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
  • D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0435—Electret
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0631—Electro-spun
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
  • D01D13/02—Elements of machines in combination

Definitions

• the invention relates to the production of the non-woven synthetic filter materials, specifically the invention relates to the method of production of filter material for filtration of high-dispersive substances, in particular of production of the fine fibrous and microfibrous non-woven filter materials used in individual protective means.
• a triboelectric air filter (US20040177759, Tsai P.P. Chang Liang-Yu, published on 16.09.2004) which involves the mixing of fibres of polyolefin and melamine, where polyolefin preferably is made of a compound selected from a group that contains polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and their mixtures.
• the obtained mixture of two obtained fibres is combed with a combing machine in order to generate a triboelectric charge.
• Polyolefin fibres acquire a negative charge which differs from the charge of polyamide fibres.
• the shortcoming of this solution is that the obtained fabric receives a triboelectric charge by friction, and fibres remain charged due to the subsequent mechanical influence applied to the fabric.
• the method of making filter material (EP0829293B1 ,Esfil Limited, published on 18.03.1998.) is the closest solution by technical character to the present invention related to the method of making fine fibrous material with fibres having stable electret charge wherein fibres are formed in an electrostatic field from a solution having a solution dynamic viscosity of 0,1 to 3,5 Pa x s, a solution electrical conductivity of 10 "8 - 10 " " ⁇ 1 x cm 1 , a potential difference of 25 to 150 kV and a volume flow of solution of 10 3 to 2 x 10 2 cm 3 x s "1 per fibre forming element and wherein additional processing of fibres takes place using saturated vapours of the solution in the fibre formation zone.
• the shortcoming of this solution is that the field of the electret charge forming on fibres is active at the smaller distances than the field charged with different polarity fibres when fibres are located at the distance of one another of 4-5 fibre diameters.
• the present method of production of filter material from fibres is represented where, in addition to a stable electret charge, fibres also additionally have a triboelectric charge.
• fibres are formed in the electrostatic field from the such solution of two polymers, where the polymers during the contacting acquire the triboelectric charge.
• these fibres acquire, in addition to the electret charge, the charge with the opposite signs, i.e. the triboelectric charge which corresponds to the sign of the charge obtained from mixing of two polymers located in different ends of the triboelectric series.
• the acquiring of the triboelectric charge increases the electric field inside the obtained material, respectively improving its filtering properties.
• the charge increases by mutual friction. If bipolar electrospinning is used thereat and the sign of charge given to fibre by high voltage device, corresponds to the sign of charge formed by the following mixing, then the charging process is more stable and the filtering properties are further improved. Also, in order to stabilize the spinning process, the zone of fibres formation is additionally treated with saturated vapours of the solvent.
• the present invention differs from the existing methods of production of the filters with the triboelectric charge by method of giving the triboelectric charge to fibre.
• the operations of the production of fibres i.e. the mixing of fibres and the forming of filter material are combined into one process, and in case of bipolar electrospinning the charging of fibres is improved.
• the rotating cylinder passes through between two rows of the spinning elements.
• the personal polymer solution is fed to each row.
• the spinning elements are located along the conveyor on which the filter material is formed.
• One solution of polymer is fed to the even-numbered spinning elements, the another solution of polymer is fed to the odd-numbered spinning elements.
• the triboelectric charge should be increased by subsequent mechanical influence of the material, whether during the further processing of the material or during the rolling of the material between the rollers.
• Example 1 In case of unipolar electrospinning the solutions of polystyrene and high chlorinated polyethylene are contained in the organic solution where tetramethylammonium iodide is added. The viscosity of both solutions is 6 ST, electrical conductivity is 7x 10 "5 Q "1 cnrr 1 . The spinning is carried out on the rotating rollers, the voltage of both solution was -25 kV. The coefficient of the transmittance of oil aerosol of the obtained material at the rate of 6,8 cm/s without mechanical influence was 0,09%, in case of presence of mechanical influence, for example, after the passing of the obtained material through the rollers and/or after the corrugation of the obtained material, the coefficient of the transmittance of oil aerosol was 0,0025%. Consequently, the filtering properties of the obtained material are improved after using of subsequent mechanical influence more than 30 times.
• Example 2 The solution of polystyrene is in the organic solution, which polarity is negative, and the solution of polymethyl metacrylate is in the organic solution which polarity is positive.
• the viscosity of the solutions is 6 ST, electrical conductivity is 7x 10 s Q "1 cm '1 .
• the obtained materials have the coefficient of the transmittance of the oil aerosol at the rate 3 cm/s: in case of unipolar electrospinning - 0,014%, in case of bipolar electrospinning - 0,00002%, i.e in case of bipolar electrospinning the filtering properties of the material are improved by 700 times.
• the coefficient of the transmittance of oil aerosol of the material is 0,00015% and the efficiency of the material increases 1 ,3 times by comparison in case of bipolar electrospinning without mechanical influence.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (3)

Citations (6)

• 2014
  • 2014-06-06 EE EEP201400018A patent/EE05785B1/et not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2015
  • 2015-05-29 WO PCT/EE2015/000005 patent/WO2015185068A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (6)

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