WO2015182547A1 - フルオランテン誘導体、それを含有する電子デバイス、発光素子および光電変換素子 - Google Patents
フルオランテン誘導体、それを含有する電子デバイス、発光素子および光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015182547A1 WO2015182547A1 PCT/JP2015/064904 JP2015064904W WO2015182547A1 WO 2015182547 A1 WO2015182547 A1 WO 2015182547A1 JP 2015064904 W JP2015064904 W JP 2015064904W WO 2015182547 A1 WO2015182547 A1 WO 2015182547A1
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- KEDIWHSGQINGPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1N=Cc2ccc(cccn3)c3c2[N-]1 Chemical compound C1N=Cc2ccc(cccn3)c3c2[N-]1 KEDIWHSGQINGPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFHNFILRORDGES-SREVYHEPSA-N CC1=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1CN/C=C\N Chemical compound CC1=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1CN/C=C\N BFHNFILRORDGES-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DATYUTWESAKQQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc(c2c(cc3)nccc2)c3nc1 Chemical compound c1cc(c2c(cc3)nccc2)c3nc1 DATYUTWESAKQQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc2cncnc2cc1 Chemical compound c1cc2cncnc2cc1 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1cc2nc3ccccc3nc2cc1 Chemical compound c1cc2nc3ccccc3nc2cc1 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing only one pyridine ring
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- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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- C07D213/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing two or more pyridine rings directly linked together, e.g. bipyridyl
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- C07D239/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D251/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom
- C07D251/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom to three ring carbon atoms
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- C07D401/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electronic device such as a light emitting element, a photoelectric conversion element, a lithium ion battery, a fuel cell, a transistor, and a material used therefor.
- the present invention can be used in fields such as display elements, flat panel displays, backlights, lighting, interiors, signs, signboards, electrophotographic machines, and optical signal generators.
- This light-emitting element is characterized by being thin and capable of high-intensity light emission under a low driving voltage and multicolor light emission by selecting a fluorescent material.
- Organic thin-film light-emitting elements must satisfy improved luminous efficiency, lower drive voltage, and improved durability.
- the compatibility between luminous efficiency and durability is a major issue.
- materials having a fluoranthene skeleton have been developed in order to improve luminous efficiency and durability life (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- An object of the present invention is to provide an organic thin-film light-emitting element that solves the problems of the prior art and has improved luminous efficiency, driving voltage, and durability life.
- the present invention is a fluoranthene derivative represented by the following general formula (1).
- Ar represents a group containing a fluoranthene skeleton.
- L 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.
- L 2 represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene.
- HAr is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group containing an electron-accepting nitrogen, and when each of the above groups is substituted, the substituent is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, Heterocyclic group, alkenyl group, cycloalkenyl group, alkynyl group, alkoxy group, alkylthio group, aryl ether group, aryl thioether group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, halogen, cyano group, amino group, carbonyl group, carboxyl group, oxy carbonyl group, .
- R 1 Contact selected from carbamoyl groups and -P ( O) group consisting of R 1 R 2 Fine R 2 is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.
- R 1 and R 2 may be optionally fused to form a ring .
- w, x, y and z ⁇ 1 are each independently 3
- the arylene group does not become an anthracene-containing group or a pyrene-containing group
- L 2 and HAr do not become a group containing an electron-donating nitrogen
- an organic thin film light emitting device that achieves both luminous efficiency, driving voltage, and durability.
- Ar represents a group containing a fluoranthene skeleton.
- L 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group.
- L 2 is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group.
- HAr is an aromatic heterocyclic group containing a substituted or unsubstituted electron-accepting nitrogen.
- the substituents are alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, heterocyclic group, alkenyl group, cycloalkenyl group, alkynyl group, alkoxy group, alkylthio group, aryl ether group, aryl thioether, respectively.
- R 1 and R 2 are an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.
- R 1 and R 2 may be condensed to form a ring.
- w, x, y and z are each independently an integer of 1 to 3.
- the arylene group does not become an anthracene-containing group or a pyrene-containing group.
- L 2 and HAr do not become a group containing electron-donating nitrogen.
- L 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group.
- the substituent substituted with L 1 does not become phenanthrene.
- w, x, y or z is 2 or 3, the plurality of Ar, L 1 , L 2 or HAr may be the same or different. Further, both x and z are not 2 or more.
- hydrogen may be deuterium.
- a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms is 6 to 40 carbon atoms including the number of carbon atoms contained in the substituent group substituted on the aryl group. The same applies to the other substituents.
- substituents include alkyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, heterocyclic groups, alkenyl groups, cycloalkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkylthio groups, aryl ethers as described above.
- Group, arylthioether group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, halogen, cyano group, amino group, carbonyl group, carboxyl group, oxycarbonyl group, and carbamoyl group are preferred, and more specifically, in the description of each substituent Are preferred.
- substituents may be further substituted with the above-mentioned substituents.
- the alkyl group represents, for example, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, It may or may not have.
- a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, It may or may not have.
- an alkyl group, an aryl group, heteroaryl group etc. can be mentioned, This point is common also in the following description.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 or more and 20 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 8 or less, from the viewpoint of
- the cycloalkyl group refers to, for example, a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group, which may or may not have a substituent.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group moiety is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 3 or more and 20 or less.
- the heterocyclic group refers to an aliphatic ring having atoms other than carbon, such as a pyran ring, a piperidine ring, and a cyclic amide, in the ring, which may or may not have a substituent. .
- carbon number of a heterocyclic group is not specifically limited, Preferably it is the range of 2-20.
- alkenyl group refers to an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, or a butadienyl group, which may or may not have a substituent.
- carbon number of an alkenyl group is not specifically limited, Preferably it is the range of 2-20.
- the cycloalkenyl group refers to an unsaturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group containing a double bond such as a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclopentadienyl group, or a cyclohexenyl group, which may have a substituent. You don't have to.
- the alkynyl group indicates, for example, an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a triple bond such as an ethynyl group, which may or may not have a substituent.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkynyl group is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 2 or more and 20 or less.
- the alkoxy group refers to, for example, a functional group having an aliphatic hydrocarbon group bonded through an ether bond such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, or a propoxy group, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have a substituent. It may not have.
- carbon number of an alkoxy group is not specifically limited, Preferably it is the range of 1-20.
- the alkylthio group is a group in which an oxygen atom of an ether bond of an alkoxy group is substituted with a sulfur atom.
- the hydrocarbon group of the alkylthio group may or may not have a substituent. Although carbon number of an alkylthio group is not specifically limited, Preferably it is the range of 1-20.
- An aryl ether group refers to a functional group to which an aromatic hydrocarbon group is bonded via an ether bond, such as a phenoxy group, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group may or may not have a substituent. Good. Although carbon number of an aryl ether group is not specifically limited, Preferably, it is the range of 6-40.
- the aryl thioether group is a group in which an oxygen atom of an ether bond of an aryl ether group is substituted with a sulfur atom.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group in the aryl ether group may or may not have a substituent. Although carbon number of an aryl ether group is not specifically limited, Preferably, it is the range of 6-40.
- the aryl group represents, for example, an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthryl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, or a fluoranthenyl group.
- the aryl group may or may not have a substituent.
- carbon number of an aryl group is not specifically limited, Preferably, it is the range of 6-40, More preferably, it is the range of 6-20. More preferred are a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, and a 2-naphthyl group.
- a heteroaryl group is a furanyl group, thiophenyl group, pyridyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidyl group, naphthyridyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, indolyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group Carbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, carbolinyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofurocarbazolyl, benzothienocarbazolyl, dihydroindenocarbazolyl, benzoquinolinyl, acridinyl, dibenzoacrylyl
- carbon number of heteroaryl group is not specifically limited, Preferably it is the range of 2-30. More preferred are a pyridyl group, a quinolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group.
- An amino group is a substituted or unsubstituted amino group.
- substituent in the case of substitution include an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a linear alkyl group, and a branched alkyl group. More specifically, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a pyridyl group, a methyl group and the like can be mentioned, and these substituents may be further substituted.
- carbon number is not specifically limited, Preferably it is the range of 6-40.
- Halogen refers to an atom selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- the carbonyl group, carboxyl group, oxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group and phosphine oxide group may or may not have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, and a heteroaryl group, and these substituents may be further substituted.
- Arylene group refers to a divalent or higher valent group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as benzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, fluorene, phenanthrene, etc., which may or may not have a substituent.
- a divalent or trivalent arylene group is preferable.
- Specific examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a biphenylylene group, and a naphthylene group.
- the heteroarylene group is a divalent or higher valent group derived from an aromatic group having one or more atoms other than carbon in the ring, such as pyridine, quinoline, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, quinoxaline, quinazoline, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene. This may or may not have a substituent.
- a divalent or trivalent heteroarylene group is preferred.
- the number of carbon atoms of the heteroarylene group is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 2-30. Specific examples of the heteroarylene group include a pyridylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a triazinylene group, and a dibenzofuranylene group.
- 2,6-pyridylene group 2,5-pyridylene group, 2,4-pyridylene group, 3,5-pyridylene group, 3,6-pyridylene group, 2,4,6-pyridylene group, 2,4-pyrimidinylene group, 2,5-pyrimidinylene group, 4,6-pyrimidinylene group, 4,6-pyrimidinylene group, 2,4,6-pyrimidinylene group, 2,4,6-triazinylene group, 4,6- A dibenzofuranylene group, a 2,6-dibenzofuranylene group, a 2,8-dibenzofuranylene group, and a 3,7-dibenzofuranylene group.
- a pyridylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a triazinylene group, etc. are mentioned.
- a pyridylene group is preferable from the viewpoint of carrier mobility.
- the electron-accepting nitrogen represents a nitrogen atom that forms a multiple bond with an adjacent atom.
- the aromatic heterocyclic ring containing electron-accepting nitrogen is, for example, a pyridine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrimidine ring, pyrazine ring, triazine ring, oxadiazole ring, thiazole ring, quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring, quinazoline ring, quinoxaline ring, Examples thereof include a benzoquinoline ring, a phenanthroline ring, an acridine ring, a benzothiazole ring, and a benzoxazole ring.
- the aromatic heterocyclic ring containing the electron-accepting nitrogen may have a substituent.
- Preferable examples include pyridine ring, pyrimidine ring, triazine ring, quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring, quinazoline ring, quinoxaline ring, and phenanthroline ring. More preferred are a pyridine ring, a quinoline ring, and a phenanthroline ring, and particularly preferred are a pyridine ring and a quinoline ring.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention has a fluoranthene skeleton.
- the fluoranthene skeleton has a 5-membered 5-membered ring structure.
- the 5 ⁇ -electron five-membered ring structure becomes a 6 ⁇ -electron system when one electron enters (reduced), and aromatic stabilization occurs (Hückel rule). For this reason, the 5-membered 5-membered ring structure exhibits high electron affinity, and the fluoranthene skeleton of the present invention also has high electron affinity.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention when used for a light-emitting element, for example, when it is used for an electron transport layer, it exhibits good electron injection from the electrode, and the driving voltage of the light-emitting element can be lowered. As a result, the light emission efficiency of the light emitting element can be improved. In addition, it contributes to extending the life of the light emitting element.
- the fluoranthene skeleton has high planarity, and since the molecules overlap each other well, it has a high charge transporting property. For this reason, when the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is used in any layer constituting the light emitting device, electrons generated from the cathode and holes generated from the anode can be efficiently transported, so that the driving voltage of the device is reduced. Can do. As a result, the light emission efficiency of the light emitting element can be improved. In addition, it contributes to extending the life of the light emitting element.
- the fluoranthene skeleton has high charge stability, and can be smoothly and repeatedly reduced by electrons and oxidized by holes.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is used for a light-emitting element, the lifetime can be improved.
- the group containing a fluoranthene skeleton is a group having a fluoranthene skeleton in the molecular structure, and may or may not have a substituent.
- a ring may be formed by adjacent substituents, and the size of the ring formed by adjacent substituents is not particularly limited, but a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the molecular structure.
- the formed ring may be an aliphatic ring or an aromatic ring.
- a ring formed by adjacent substituents may further have a substituent, or may be further condensed.
- the formed ring may contain heteroatoms other than carbon.
- examples of the hetero atom other than carbon include a nitrogen atom.
- the ring is composed of only carbon and hydrogen because the electrochemical stability is increased and the durability of the device is improved.
- the number of carbon atoms of the group containing the fluoranthene skeleton is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 16 or more and 40 or less. Specific examples include a fluoranthenyl group, a benzofluoranthenyl group, a benzoaceanthrylenyl group, a benzoacephenanthrenyl group, an indenofluoranthenyl group, and an acenaphthofluoranthenyl group.
- HAr is an aromatic heterocyclic group containing an electron-accepting nitrogen.
- an aromatic heterocyclic group containing electron-accepting nitrogen may be directly bonded to L 2 or may be substituted via a linking group.
- HAr is a pyridyl phenyl group, a benzene ring substituted with a pyridyl group may be linked to L 2.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention when used in the electron extraction layer of the photoelectric conversion element, the conversion efficiency and on / off of the photoelectric conversion element are increased in order to promote the extraction of electrons to the cathode.
- the ratio can be improved.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) necessarily has L 1 , the sublimation property, the deposition stability and the crystallinity decrease and the stability of the film due to a high glass transition temperature are improved.
- the thin film stability is improved, the deterioration of the film is suppressed even if the light emitting element is driven for a long time, so that the durability is improved.
- L 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group
- conjugation is efficiently expanded and charge transportability is improved. Therefore, when the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is used for the light emitting layer or the electron transport layer of the light emitting element, the driving voltage can be lowered because of high electron mobility. As a result, the light emission efficiency of the light emitting element can be improved.
- L 1 has a substituent other than L 2- (HAr) y , the substituent preferably does not contain a triazine skeleton.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention has a fluoranthene skeleton, L 1 and L 2- (HAr) y in the molecule, and thus has high electron injection / transport properties, electrochemical stability, and good sublimation. Performance, good deposition stability, good film quality, and high glass transition temperature. Accordingly, when the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is used in any layer constituting the light emitting device, an organic thin film light emitting device having both high light emission efficiency, low driving voltage, and durability can be realized.
- the arylene group does not become an anthracene-containing group or a pyrene-containing group.
- An anthracene-containing group is a group containing an anthracene skeleton, and specifically, a substituted or unsubstituted anthracene or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed anthracene.
- the pyrene-containing group is a group in which anthracene of an anthene-containing group is replaced with pyrene.
- An anthracene-containing group or a pyrene-containing group has a long absorption wavelength, and when L 1 or L 2 is an anthracene-containing group or a pyrene-containing group, the absorption wavelength becomes long and strongly absorbs visible light.
- the arylene group is preferably not an anthracene-containing group or a pyrene-containing group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the arylene group is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 6 to 40, and more preferably in the range of 6 to 18.
- an arylene group is preferably a phenylene group, a biphenylylene group, a naphthylene group, or the like. More specifically, 1,4-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 1,2-phenylene group, 4,4′-biphenylylene group, 4,3′-biphenylylene group, 3,3′-biphenylylene group 1,4-naphthylene group, 1,5-naphthylene group, 2,5-naphthylene group, 2,6-naphthylene group, 2,7-naphthylene group, 1,3,5-phenylene group and the like. Even more preferred are a 1,4-phenylene group, a 1,3-phenylene group, and a 1,3,5-phenylene group.
- L 2 and HAr do not become a group containing electron-donating nitrogen.
- the electron-donating nitrogen represents a nitrogen atom in which all the bonds between adjacent atoms are single bonds.
- a carbazolyl group or a benzimidazolyl group corresponds to a group containing electron-donating nitrogen. Since electron-donating nitrogen has low stability to electrons, when HAr does not contain electron-donating nitrogen, life can be improved when it is used for the electron transporting material layer of the light-emitting element.
- L 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group.
- L 2 is necessarily a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group, so that the conjugation spread of the entire molecule is increased. Electron mobility can be improved. When this is used for the electron transport layer of the light emitting element, the driving voltage can be lowered.
- HAr does not become a pyrimidine.
- HAr is preferably a pyridyl group or a triazyl group, more preferably a pyridyl group, from the viewpoint of film stability and vapor deposition stability.
- the plurality of Ar, L 1 , L 2 or HAr may be the same or different. Further, both x and z are not 2 or more.
- Ar is represented by the following general formula (2).
- the conjugated system spreads moderately. This makes the compound electrochemically stable and further improves the charge transport property.
- each of R 3 to R 12 may be the same or different and is hydrogen, alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, heterocyclic group, alkenyl group, cycloalkenyl group, alkynyl group, alkoxy group, alkylthio group, aryl ether group. , Arylthioether group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, halogen, carbonyl group, carboxyl group, oxycarbonyl group, and carbamoyl group.
- R 3 to R 12 may form a ring with adjacent substituents. However, it is connected to L 1 at any one position among R 3 to R 12 . In addition, it is preferable to link to L 1 at any one position selected from R 3 to R 9 and R 12 .
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) is preferably represented by the following general formula (3).
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (3) has a group represented by L 1- (L 2- (HAr) y ) z at the 3-position of the fluoranthene skeleton.
- L 1- (L 2- (HAr) y ) z at the 3-position of the fluoranthene skeleton.
- the electronic state of the fluoranthene skeleton is greatly changed, and conjugation is efficiently expanded, so that the charge transport property is improved.
- the light emitting element can be driven at a lower voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be further improved.
- the stability against electric charge is further improved by increasing the conjugation.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (3) of the present invention is used for a light emitting element, the lifetime can be further improved.
- R 3 to R 4 and R 6 to R 12 in the general formula (3) are the same as those in the general formula (2).
- L 1 , L 2 and HAr and w, x, y and z are the same as those in the general formula (1).
- R 3 to R 12 are preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, and a halogen.
- R 3 to R 12 are hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group or a halogen.
- the glass transition temperature is increased and the thin film stability is improved.
- the thin film stability is improved, the deterioration of the film is suppressed even if the light emitting element is driven for a long time, so that the durability is improved.
- the substituent is difficult to decompose even at high temperatures, the heat resistance is improved.
- the decomposition of the material can be suppressed at the time of device fabrication, so that durability is improved. Furthermore, since conjugation spreads when it is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group, it becomes more electrochemically stable and the charge transport property is improved.
- R 9 and R 12 in the general formulas (2) and (3) are preferably hydrogen.
- R 9 and R 12 are hydrogen, the intermolecular distance in the film is shortened, and charge transfer can be efficiently performed. As a result, the light emitting element can be driven at a low voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be improved.
- molecular weight can be suppressed by being hydrogen, As a result, sublimation temperature becomes low and heat resistance improves more.
- R 9 and R 12 in the general formulas (2) and (3) are preferably substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups.
- R 9 and R 12 are substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, it is possible to appropriately avoid overlapping of ⁇ -conjugated planes between molecules. Moreover, heat resistance improves more by being an aryl group. As a result, without impairing the high charge transport property of the fluoranthene derivative, it is possible to improve sublimation, improve deposition stability, decrease crystallinity, and improve thin film stability due to a high glass transition temperature.
- R 9 and R 12 are more preferably a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.
- R 7 and R 12 are substituted or unsubstituted phenyl groups, it is possible to appropriately avoid overlapping of ⁇ -conjugated planes between molecules. Moreover, since it becomes a moderate molecular weight, sublimation property and vapor deposition stability further improve.
- HAr is a group including a structure represented by any one of the following general formulas (4) to (7).
- HAr is a group including a structure represented by any of the following general formulas (4) to (7).
- high electron mobility and high electron acceptability are exhibited, and the driving voltage of the light emitting element is further reduced. Can do.
- the light emission efficiency of the light emitting element can be further improved. In addition, this contributes to a longer life of the light emitting element.
- B 1 to B 34 represent CH, a substituted carbon atom, or a nitrogen atom.
- the substituents when B 1 to B 34 are substituted are the same as those in the general formula (1).
- B 25 to B 27 are CH or a substituted carbon atom and B 28 and B 29 are nitrogen atoms, it is preferably excluded.
- HAr is preferably selected from the group consisting of the following groups.
- HAr is a structure selected from the group consisting of the following groups, high carrier mobility and high electron acceptability are expressed.
- the light emitting element can be driven at a low voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be improved.
- the sublimation property, deposition stability, crystallinity deterioration, and film stability due to high glass transition temperature are improved.
- a pyridyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a triazyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, and a quinoxalinyl group are preferable.
- a pyridyl group, a pyrimidyl group, and a triazyl group are preferable from the viewpoint of carrier mobility, and a pyridyl group is more preferable from the viewpoint of deposition stability.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) expresses higher carrier mobility and higher electron acceptability. As a result, the light emitting element can be driven at a lower voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be further improved.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) has a conjugation that efficiently spreads, and has higher carrier mobility and higher electrons. It expresses acceptability.
- the light emitting element can be driven at a lower voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be further improved.
- the sublimation property is improved, the deposition stability is improved, the crystallinity is lowered, and the film stability is improved due to a high glass transition temperature.
- one fluoranthene skeleton is included in the general formula (1).
- the conjugated system spreads moderately, and moderate carrier mobility and electron acceptability are expressed. As a result, the carrier balance of the light emitting element can be adjusted and the durability can be further improved.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) has a moderately conjugated system and exhibits moderate carrier mobility and electron acceptability. As a result, the carrier balance of the light emitting element can be adjusted and the durability can be further improved.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) expresses high carrier mobility and high electron acceptability.
- the light emitting element can be driven at a lower voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be further improved.
- the stability of the film due to a decrease in crystallinity and a high glass transition temperature is improved, and the durability of the light-emitting element can be further improved.
- L 2 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylene group.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) exhibits high carrier mobility and high electron acceptability.
- w + x + y + z is preferably in the range of 4-8.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) exhibits high carrier mobility and high electron acceptability.
- the light emitting element can be driven at a lower voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be further improved.
- the stability of the film due to a decrease in crystallinity and a high glass transition temperature is improved, and the durability of the light-emitting element can be further improved.
- w + x + y + z is preferably an integer of 5 to 7.
- the molecular weight can be suppressed while maintaining high carrier mobility and high electron acceptability.
- the sublimation temperature is lowered and the heat resistance is further improved.
- the triazine skeleton is not included in the substituent when L 1 is substituted.
- substituents L 1, L 2, A 1 and A 2 are aryl groups.
- the aryl group is not particularly limited, and specific examples include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, a phenanthryl group, a terphenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, and a fluorenyl group. From the viewpoint of sublimability, a phenyl group is more preferable.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) preferably has a structure of any one of the following general formulas (8) to (10).
- the fluoranthene derivative has a group represented by L 1- (L 2- (HAr) y ) z at the 7-position and / or 8-position of the fluoranthene skeleton.
- L 1- (L 2- (HAr) y ) z at the 7-position and / or 8-position of the fluoranthene skeleton.
- the electronic state of the fluoranthene skeleton is greatly changed, and conjugation is efficiently expanded, so that the charge transport property is further improved.
- the light emitting element can be driven at a lower voltage, and the light emission efficiency can be further improved.
- the stability against charges is further improved.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formulas (8) to (10) of the present invention is used for a light emitting element, the lifetime can be further improved.
- the sublimation property is improved, the deposition stability is improved, the crystallinity is lowered, and the film stability is improved due to a high glass transition temperature.
- R 3 to R 12 in the general formulas (8) to (10) are the same as those in the general formula (2).
- L 1 , L 2 and HAr and w, x, y and z are the same as those in the general formula (1).
- R 3 to R 12 in the general formulas (8) to (10) are the same as those in the general formulas (2) and (3).
- L 2- (HAr) y is not particularly limited, but specific examples include the following. These groups may be further substituted.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) has a structure of any one of the above general formulas (9) and (10).
- the fluoranthene derivative has a group represented by L 1- (L 2- (HAr) y ) z at the 7-position of the fluoranthene skeleton.
- the fluoranthene derivative represented by the general formula (1) is not particularly limited, and specific examples include the following.
- Known methods can be used for the synthesis of the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention.
- a method for introducing L 1- (L 2- (HAr) y ) z into Ar for example, a substituted or unsubstituted halogenated fluoranthene derivative and a substituted or unsubstituted L 1- (under a palladium catalyst or a nickel catalyst are used.
- L 2- (HAr) y ) z and a method using a coupling reaction or a substituted or unsubstituted fluorantheneboronic acid derivative with a palladium or nickel catalyst and a substituted or unsubstituted L 1- (L 2- (HAr) y ) a method using a coupling reaction with z, and a substituted or unsubstituted fluoranthene derivative and a substituted or unsubstituted L 1- (L 2 without using a halogenated fluoranthene derivative or a fluorantheneboronic acid derivative.
- the method of connecting each of Ar, L 1 , L 2 and HAr includes a method using the same coupling reaction, it is not limited to these. Moreover, not only a coupling reaction but a cyclization reaction may be used.
- L 2- (HAr) y is introduced into the fluoranthene skeleton via L 1
- arylboronic acid or heteroarylboronic acid substituted with L 2- (HAr) y is used, or aryl halide is substituted.
- the fluoranthene derivative may be used.
- boronic acid esters may be used in place of the various boronic acids described above.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is preferably used for an electronic device such as a light emitting element, a photoelectric conversion element, a lithium ion battery, a fuel cell, or a transistor.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is preferably used as an electronic device material in an electronic device, and particularly preferably used as a light emitting element material or a photoelectric conversion element material in a light emitting element or a photoelectric conversion element.
- the light emitting element material represents a material used for any layer of the light emitting element, and is a material used for a layer selected from a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron transport layer, as described later.
- the material used for the protective layer (cap layer) of the electrode is also included.
- the photoelectric conversion element material represents a material used for any layer of the photoelectric conversion element, and as described later, a material used for a layer selected from a hole extraction layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and an electron extraction layer. It is. High conversion efficiency can be obtained by using the compound of the present invention in any layer of the photoelectric conversion element.
- the photoelectric conversion element includes an anode and a cathode, and an organic layer interposed between the anode and the cathode, and light energy is converted into an electrical signal in the organic layer.
- the organic layer preferably has at least a photoelectric conversion layer, and the photoelectric conversion layer more preferably includes a p-type material and an n-type material.
- the p-type material is an electron donating (donor) material, has a shallow HOMO energy level, and easily transports holes.
- the n-type material is an electron withdrawing (acceptor) material, has a deep LUMO energy level, and easily transports electrons.
- the p-type material and the n-type material may be laminated or mixed.
- the organic layer is composed of only a photoelectric conversion layer, 1) hole extraction layer / photoelectric conversion layer, 2) photoelectric conversion layer / electron extraction layer, and 3) hole extraction layer / photoelectric conversion layer / electron extraction layer. And the like.
- the electron extraction layer is a layer provided so that electrons can be easily extracted from the photoelectric conversion layer to the cathode, and is usually provided between the photoelectric conversion layer and the cathode.
- the hole extraction layer is a layer provided so that holes can be easily extracted from the photoelectric conversion layer to the anode, and is usually provided between the anode and the photoelectric conversion layer.
- Each of the layers may be a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention may be used in any layer in the photoelectric conversion element, but has high electron affinity and thin film stability, and has strong absorption in the visible light region. Therefore, it is preferably used for the photoelectric conversion layer. In particular, since it has an excellent electron transport ability, it is preferably used for an n-type material of a photoelectric conversion layer. Moreover, since the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention has a particularly high electron affinity, it can be suitably used for an electron extraction layer. Thereby, since the electron extraction efficiency from the photoelectric conversion layer to the cathode is increased, the conversion efficiency can be improved.
- the photoelectric conversion element can be used for an optical sensor. Moreover, the photoelectric conversion element in this embodiment can also be used for a solar cell.
- the light-emitting device of the present invention has an anode and a cathode, and an organic layer interposed between the anode and the cathode, and the organic layer has at least a light-emitting layer and an electron transport layer, and the organic layer, particularly the light-emitting layer Emits light by electric energy.
- the organic layer is composed of only the light emitting layer / electron transport layer, 1) hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer and 2) hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer, 3) Laminate structure such as hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer can be mentioned.
- Each of the layers may be a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- a stacked type including a plurality of phosphorescent light emitting layers and fluorescent light emitting layers may be used, or a light emitting element in which a fluorescent light emitting layer and a phosphorescent light emitting layer are combined may be used.
- a light emitting layer exhibiting a different emission color can be stacked.
- a tandem type in which a plurality of the above element configurations are stacked via an intermediate layer may be used.
- at least one layer is preferably a phosphorescent light emitting layer.
- the intermediate layer is generally called an intermediate electrode, an intermediate conductive layer, a charge generation layer, an electron extraction layer, a connection layer, or an intermediate insulating layer, and a known material structure can be used.
- tandem type are, for example, 4) hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / charge generation layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer, 5) hole injection layer / hole transport layer / A charge generation layer as an intermediate layer between an anode and a cathode, such as a light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / charge generation layer / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emission layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer
- the laminated structure including is mentioned. Specifically, pyridine derivatives and phenanthroline derivatives are preferably used as the material constituting the intermediate layer.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention may be used in any layer in the above device configuration, but has a high electron injection / transport capability, fluorescence quantum yield, and thin film stability. It is preferably used for an electron transport layer or an intermediate layer. In particular, since it has an excellent electron injecting and transporting capability, it is preferably used for an electron transporting layer or an intermediate layer. When used for the intermediate layer, it is preferably used for the charge generation layer. Among these, it can use suitably for an electron carrying layer especially.
- the anode and the cathode have a role of supplying a sufficient current for light emission of the device, and at least one of them is preferably transparent or translucent in order to extract light.
- the anode formed on the substrate is a transparent electrode.
- the material used for the anode is a material that can efficiently inject holes into the organic layer and is transparent or translucent to extract light, tin oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO) ), Etc., metals such as gold, silver and chromium, inorganic conductive materials such as copper iodide and copper sulfide, conductive polymers such as polythiophene, polypyrrole and polyaniline, etc. However, it is particularly preferable to use ITO glass or Nesa glass. These electrode materials may be used alone, or a plurality of materials may be laminated or mixed.
- the resistance of the transparent electrode is not limited as long as it can supply a sufficient current for light emission of the element, but it is preferably low resistance from the viewpoint of power consumption of the element.
- an ITO substrate with a resistance of 300 ⁇ / ⁇ or less will function as a device electrode, but since it is now possible to supply a substrate with a resistance of approximately 10 ⁇ / ⁇ , use a substrate with a low resistance of 20 ⁇ / ⁇ or less. Is particularly preferred.
- the thickness of ITO can be arbitrarily selected according to the resistance value, but is usually used in a range of 100 to 300 nm.
- the light emitting element is preferably formed over a substrate.
- a glass substrate such as soda glass or non-alkali glass is preferably used.
- the thickness of the glass substrate it is sufficient that the thickness is sufficient to maintain the mechanical strength.
- alkali-free glass is preferred because it is better that there are fewer ions eluted from the glass.
- soda lime glass provided with a barrier coat such as SiO 2 is also commercially available and can be used.
- the substrate need not be glass, and for example, an anode may be formed on a plastic substrate.
- the ITO film forming method is not particularly limited, such as an electron beam method, a sputtering method, and a chemical reaction method.
- the material used for the cathode is not particularly limited as long as it can efficiently inject electrons into the light emitting layer.
- metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum, and indium, or alloys and multilayer stacks of these metals with low work function metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium Is preferred.
- aluminum, silver, and magnesium are preferable as the main component from the viewpoints of electrical resistance, ease of film formation, film stability, luminous efficiency, and the like.
- magnesium and silver are preferable because electron injection into the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer in the present invention is facilitated and low voltage driving is possible.
- metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum and indium, or alloys using these metals, inorganic materials such as silica, titania and silicon nitride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride
- an organic polymer compound such as a hydrocarbon polymer compound is laminated on the cathode as a protective film layer.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention can also be used as this protective film layer (cap layer).
- the protective film layer is selected from materials that are light transmissive in the visible light region.
- the production method of these electrodes is not particularly limited, such as resistance heating, electron beam, sputtering, ion plating and coating.
- the hole transport layer is formed by a method of laminating or mixing one or more hole transport materials or a method using a mixture of a hole transport material and a polymer binder.
- the hole transport material needs to efficiently transport holes from the positive electrode between electrodes to which an electric field is applied, has high hole injection efficiency, and can efficiently transport injected holes. preferable.
- the material has an appropriate ionization potential, has a high hole mobility, is excellent in stability, and does not easily generate trapping impurities during manufacture and use.
- a substance satisfying such conditions is not particularly limited.
- TPD 4,
- carbazole multimers specifically, carbazole dimer derivatives such as bis (N-arylcarbazole) or bis (N-alkylcarbazole), carbazole trimer derivatives, carbazole tetramer derivatives, triphenylene compounds, Heterocyclic compounds such as pyrazoline derivatives, stilbene compounds, hydrazone compounds, benzofuran derivatives and thiophene derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, porphyrin derivatives, fullerene derivatives, and polymers having the above monomers in the side chain Styrene derivatives, polythiophene, polyaniline, polyfluorene, polyvinyl carbazole, polysilane and the like are preferable. Furthermore, inorganic compounds such as p-type Si and p-type SiC can also be used. Since the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is also excellent in electrochemical stability, it can be used as a hole transport material.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention has excellent electron injecting and transporting properties, when it is used for the electron transporting layer, there is a concern that electrons do not recombine in the light emitting layer and part of the hole transporting layer may leak. . Therefore, it is preferable to use a compound having an excellent electron blocking property for the hole transport layer.
- a compound containing a carbazole skeleton is preferable because it has excellent electron blocking properties and can contribute to the improvement in efficiency of the light-emitting element.
- the compound containing a carbazole skeleton preferably contains a carbazole dimer, a carbazole trimer, or a carbazole tetramer skeleton. This is because they have both a good electron blocking property and a hole injection / transport property.
- the light emitting layer to be combined contains a phosphorescent light emitting material described later.
- the above compound having a carbazole skeleton also has a high triplet exciton blocking function and can increase the light emission efficiency when combined with a phosphorescent material.
- the compound containing a carbazole skeleton or the compound containing a triphenylene skeleton may be used alone as a hole transport layer, or may be used as a mixture with each other. Further, other materials may be mixed within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
- the hole transport layer is composed of a plurality of layers, any one layer may contain a compound containing a carbazole skeleton or a compound containing a triphenylene skeleton.
- a hole injection layer may be provided between the anode and the hole transport layer.
- the hole injection layer By providing the hole injection layer, the light emitting element has a low driving voltage and the durability life is improved.
- a material having a smaller ionization potential than that of the material normally used for the hole transport layer is preferably used.
- a benzidine derivative such as TPD232 and a starburst arylamine material group can be used, and a phthalocyanine derivative can also be used.
- the hole injection layer is composed of an acceptor compound alone or that the acceptor compound is doped with another hole transport material.
- acceptor compounds include metal chlorides such as iron (III) chloride, aluminum chloride, gallium chloride, indium chloride, antimony chloride, metal oxides such as molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, ruthenium oxide, A charge transfer complex such as tris (4-bromophenyl) aminium hexachloroantimonate (TBPAH).
- metal chlorides such as iron (III) chloride, aluminum chloride, gallium chloride, indium chloride, antimony chloride, metal oxides such as molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, ruthenium oxide,
- a charge transfer complex such as tris (4-bromophenyl) aminium hexachloroantimonate (TBPAH).
- organic compounds having a nitro group, cyano group, halogen or trifluoromethyl group in the molecule quinone compounds, acid anhydride compounds, fullerenes, and the like are also preferably used.
- these compounds include hexacyanobutadiene, hexacyanobenzene, tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (F 4 -TCNQ), 2, 3, 6, 7,10,11-hexacyano-1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (HAT-CN 6 ), p-fluoranyl, p-chloranil, p-bromanyl, p-benzoquinone, 2,6- Dichlorobenzoquinone, 2,5-dichlorobenzoquinone, tetramethylbenzoquinone, 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene, o-dicyanobenzene, p-dicyanobenzene, 1,4-dicyanotetrafluorobenzene, 2,3-dichloro -5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone,
- metal oxides and cyano group-containing compounds are preferable because they are easy to handle and can be easily deposited, so that the above-described effects can be easily obtained.
- preferred metal oxides include molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, or ruthenium oxide.
- cyano group-containing compounds (a) a compound having in the molecule at least one electron-accepting nitrogen other than the nitrogen atom of the cyano group, and (b) a compound having both a halogen and a cyano group in the molecule (C) a compound having both a carbonyl group and a cyano group in the molecule, or (d) at least one electron other than the nitrogen atom of the cyano group, having both a halogen and a cyano group in the molecule.
- a compound having an accepting nitrogen is more preferable because it becomes a strong electron acceptor. Specific examples of such a compound include the following compounds.
- the hole injection layer is composed of an acceptor compound alone or when the hole injection layer is doped with an acceptor compound
- the hole injection layer may be a single layer, A plurality of layers may be laminated.
- the hole injection material used in combination when the acceptor compound is doped is the same compound as the compound used for the hole transport layer from the viewpoint that the hole injection barrier to the hole transport layer can be relaxed. Is more preferable.
- the light emitting layer may be either a single layer or a plurality of layers, each formed by a light emitting material (host material, dopant material), which may be a mixture of a host material and a dopant material or a host material alone, Either is acceptable. That is, in the light emitting element of the present invention, only the host material or the dopant material may emit light in each light emitting layer, or both the host material and the dopant material may emit light. From the viewpoint of efficiently using electric energy and obtaining light emission with high color purity, the light emitting layer is preferably composed of a mixture of a host material and a dopant material.
- the host material and the dopant material may be either one kind or a plurality of combinations, respectively.
- the dopant material may be included in the entire host material or may be partially included.
- the dopant material may be laminated or dispersed.
- the dopant material can control the emission color. If the amount of the dopant material is too large, a concentration quenching phenomenon occurs, so that it is preferably used at 20% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less with respect to the host material.
- the doping method can be formed by a co-evaporation method with a host material, but may be simultaneously deposited after being previously mixed with the host material.
- the light-emitting material includes condensed ring derivatives such as anthracene and pyrene, which have been known as light emitters, metal chelated oxinoid compounds such as tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum, bisstyrylanthracene derivatives and diesters.
- condensed ring derivatives such as anthracene and pyrene, which have been known as light emitters
- metal chelated oxinoid compounds such as tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum, bisstyrylanthracene derivatives and diesters.
- Bisstyryl derivatives such as styrylbenzene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, indene derivatives, coumarin derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, pyrrolopyridine derivatives, perinone derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiadiazolopyridine derivatives, dibenzofuran derivatives, carbazole
- polyphenylene vinylene derivatives, polyparaphenylene derivatives, polythiophene derivatives, etc. can be used, but are not particularly limited. Not shall.
- the host material contained in the light emitting material is not particularly limited, but is a compound having a condensed aryl ring such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, naphthacene, triphenylene, perylene, fluoranthene, fluorene, indene, and derivatives thereof, N, Aromatic amine derivatives such as N′-dinaphthyl-N, N′-diphenyl-4,4′-diphenyl-1,1′-diamine, metal chelating oxinoids including tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (III) Compounds, bisstyryl derivatives such as distyrylbenzene derivatives, tetraphenylbutadiene derivatives, indene derivatives, coumarin derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, pyrrolopyridine derivatives, perinone derivatives, cyclopentadiene derivatives
- the dopant material is not particularly limited, but is a compound having a condensed aryl ring such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, triphenylene, perylene, fluoranthene, fluorene, indene or a derivative thereof (for example, 2- (benzothiazole-2) -Yl) -9,10-diphenylanthracene, 5,6,11,12-tetraphenylnaphthacene), furan, pyrrole, thiophene, silole, 9-silafluorene, 9,9'-spirobisilafluorene, benzo Compounds having heteroaryl rings such as thiophene, benzofuran, indole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, imidazopyridine, phenanthroline, pyridine
- a phosphorescent material may be included in the light emitting layer.
- a phosphorescent material is a material that exhibits phosphorescence even at room temperature. When a phosphorescent material is used as a dopant, it is basically necessary to obtain phosphorescence even at room temperature, but there is no particular limitation, and iridium (Ir), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh), An organometallic complex compound containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), and rhenium (Re) is preferable.
- an organometallic complex having iridium or platinum is more preferable.
- Hosts used in combination with a phosphorescent dopant include indole derivatives, carbazole derivatives, indolocarbazole derivatives, pyridine, pyrimidine, nitrogen-containing aromatic compound derivatives having a triazine skeleton, polyarylbenzene derivatives, spirofluorene derivatives, Aromatic hydrocarbon compound derivatives such as truxene derivatives and triphenylene derivatives, compounds containing chalcogen elements such as dibenzofuran derivatives and dibenzothiophene derivatives, and organometallic complexes such as beryllium quinolinol complexes are preferably used.
- triplet light-emitting dopants may be contained, or two or more host materials may be contained. Further, one or more triplet light emitting dopants and one or more fluorescent light emitting dopants may be contained.
- Preferred phosphorescent host or dopant is not particularly limited, but specific examples include the following.
- the light emitting layer may contain a heat activated delayed fluorescent material.
- a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material is generally also called a TADF material, which reduces the energy gap between a singlet excited state energy level and a triplet excited state energy level from a triplet excited state to a singlet. It is a material that promotes reverse intersystem crossing to the excited state and improves singlet exciton generation probability.
- the thermally activated delayed fluorescent material may be a material that exhibits thermally activated delayed fluorescence with a single material, or may be a material that exhibits thermally activated delayed fluorescence with a plurality of materials.
- the heat-activated delayed fluorescent material used may be a single material or a plurality of materials, and a known material can be used.
- benzonitrile derivatives triazine derivatives, disulfoxide derivatives, carbazole derivatives, indolocarbazole derivatives, dihydrophenazine derivatives, thiazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, and the like.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention can also be used as a light-emitting material because it has high light-emitting performance. Since the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention exhibits strong light emission in the blue to green region (400 to 600 nm region), it can be suitably used as a blue and green light emitting material. Since the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention has a high fluorescence quantum yield, it is suitably used as a fluorescent dopant material. Further, the fluoranthene skeleton has a high triplet energy level and can be suitably used as a phosphorescent host. In particular, it can be suitably used for a green phosphorescent host and a red phosphorescent host.
- the electron transport layer is a layer located between the cathode and the light emitting layer.
- the electron transport layer may be a single layer or a plurality of layers, and may or may not be in contact with the cathode or the light emitting layer.
- the electron transport layer is desired to have high electron injection efficiency from the cathode, to efficiently transport injected electrons, and high electron injection efficiency to light emission. Therefore, the electron transport layer is preferably made of a material having a high electron affinity, a high electron mobility, excellent stability, and impurities that are traps are less likely to be generated during manufacture and use.
- the electron transport layer in the present invention includes a hole blocking layer that can efficiently block the movement of holes as the same meaning.
- Examples of the electron transport material used for the electron transport layer include condensed polycyclic aromatic derivatives such as naphthalene and anthracene, styryl aromatic ring derivatives represented by 4,4′-bis (diphenylethenyl) biphenyl, anthraquinone and diphenoquinone Quinoline derivatives, phosphorus oxide derivatives, quinolinol complexes such as tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (III), benzoquinolinol complexes, hydroxyazole complexes, azomethine complexes, tropolone metal complexes, and flavonol metal complexes.
- condensed polycyclic aromatic derivatives such as naphthalene and anthracene
- styryl aromatic ring derivatives represented by 4,4′-bis (diphenylethenyl) biphenyl anthraquinone and diphenoquinone Quinoline derivatives
- phosphorus oxide derivatives such as tris
- the driving voltage is reduced and high-efficiency light emission can be obtained, it is composed of an element selected from carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, and phosphorus, and has an aromatic heterocyclic structure containing electron-accepting nitrogen It is preferable to use a compound.
- Examples of the compound having an aromatic heterocyclic structure containing electron-accepting nitrogen include pyridine ring, pyrazine ring, pyrimidine ring, quinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, naphthyridine ring, pyrimidopyrimidine ring, benzoquinoline ring, phenanthroline ring, imidazole And a ring, an oxazole ring, an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, a thiazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, a benzoxazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, and a phenanthrimidazole ring.
- Examples of the compounds having an aromatic heterocyclic ring containing electron-accepting nitrogen include benzimidazole derivatives, benzoxazole derivatives, benzthiazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, quinoxaline.
- Preferred examples include derivatives, quinoline derivatives, benzoquinoline derivatives, oligopyridine derivatives such as bipyridine and terpyridine, quinoxaline derivatives, and naphthyridine derivatives.
- imidazole derivatives such as tris (N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene, oxadiazole derivatives such as 1,3-bis [(4-tert-butylphenyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl] phenylene, Triazole derivatives such as N-naphthyl-2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-triazole, phenanthroline derivatives such as bathocuproine and 1,3-bis (1,10-phenanthroline-9-yl) benzene, 2,2 ′
- a benzoquinoline derivative such as bis (benzo [h] quinolin-2-yl) -9,9′-spirobifluorene, 2,5-bis (6 ′-(2 ′, 2 ′′ -bipyridyl))-1, Bipyridine derivatives such as 1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenylsilole, 1,3-bis (4 ′-(2,2 )
- the condensed polycyclic aromatic skeleton is particularly preferably an anthracene skeleton, a pyrene skeleton or a phenanthroline skeleton.
- the electron transport material may be used alone, but two or more of the electron transport materials may be used in combination, or one or more of the other electron transport materials may be used in combination with the electron transport material. .
- the preferred electron transport material is not particularly limited, but specific examples include the following.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention also has a high electron injecting and transporting ability, and therefore is suitably used as an electron transporting material.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is used as an electron transport material, it is not necessary to be limited to only one of them, and a mixture of a plurality of fluoranthene derivatives of the present invention may be used. More than one kind may be used by mixing with the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the electron transport material that can be mixed is not particularly limited, but is a compound having a condensed aryl ring such as naphthalene, anthracene, or pyrene or a derivative thereof, or a styryl-based fragrance represented by 4,4′-bis (diphenylethenyl) biphenyl.
- Ring derivatives perylene derivatives, perinone derivatives, coumarin derivatives, naphthalimide derivatives, quinone derivatives such as anthraquinone and diphenoquinone, phosphorus oxide derivatives, carbazole derivatives and indole derivatives, quinolinols such as lithium quinolinol and tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (III)
- quinolinols such as lithium quinolinol and tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (III)
- hydroxyazole complexes such as complexes and hydroxyphenyloxazole complexes, azomethine complexes, tropolone metal complexes, and flavonol metal complexes.
- the electron transport material may be used alone, but two or more of the electron transport materials may be mixed and used, or one or more of the other electron transport materials may be mixed and used in the electron transport material. Absent. Further, a donor material may be contained. Here, the donor material is a compound that facilitates electron injection from the cathode or the electron injection layer to the electron transport layer by improving the electron injection barrier and further improves the electrical conductivity of the electron transport layer.
- Preferred examples of the donor material in the present invention include an alkali metal, an inorganic salt containing an alkali metal, a complex of an alkali metal and an organic material, an alkaline earth metal, an inorganic salt containing an alkaline earth metal, or an alkaline earth metal And a complex of organic substance.
- Preferable types of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and cesium, which have a low work function and a large effect of improving the electron transport ability, and alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium.
- inorganic salts include oxides such as LiO and Li 2 O, nitrides, fluorides such as LiF, NaF, and KF, Li 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 , Rb 2 CO 3 , Examples thereof include carbonates such as Cs 2 CO 3 .
- a preferable example of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is lithium from the viewpoint that the raw materials are inexpensive and easy to synthesize.
- Preferred examples of the organic substance in the complex with the organic substance include quinolinol, benzoquinolinol, flavonol, hydroxyimidazopyridine, hydroxybenzazole, hydroxytriazole and the like.
- a complex of an alkali metal and an organic substance is preferable, a complex of lithium and an organic substance is more preferable, and lithium quinolinol is particularly preferable. Two or more of these donor materials may be mixed and used.
- the preferred doping concentration varies depending on the material and the film thickness of the doping region.
- the deposition rate ratio between the electron transport material and the donor material is 10,000: It is preferable to use an electron transport layer by co-evaporation so as to be in the range of 1 to 2: 1.
- the deposition rate ratio is more preferably 100: 1 to 5: 1, and further preferably 100: 1 to 10: 1.
- the donor material is a complex of a metal and an organic material
- the electron transport layer and the donor material are co-deposited so that the deposition rate ratio of the electron transport material and the donor material is in the range of 100: 1 to 1: 100. Is preferred.
- the deposition rate ratio is more preferably 10: 1 to 1:10, and more preferably 7: 3 to 3: 7.
- the electron transport layer in which the donor material is doped to the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention as described above may be used as a charge generation layer in a tandem structure type element connecting a plurality of light emitting elements.
- an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is doped as a donor material, it can be suitably used as a charge generation layer.
- the method for improving the electron transport ability by doping a donor material into the electron transport layer is particularly effective when the thin film layer is thick. It is particularly preferably used when the total film thickness of the electron transport layer and the light emitting layer is 50 nm or more.
- the total film thickness of the electron transport layer and the light emitting layer is 50 nm or more.
- the total film thickness of the electron transport layer and the light-emitting layer is 50 nm or more, and in the case of long-wavelength light emission such as red, it may be a thick film near 100 nm. .
- the thickness of the electron transport layer to be doped may be a part or all of the electron transport layer.
- the donor material is in direct contact with the light emitting layer, it may adversely affect the light emission efficiency. In that case, it is preferable to provide a non-doped region at the light emitting layer / electron transport layer interface.
- an electron injection layer may be provided between the cathode and the electron transport layer.
- the electron injection layer is inserted for the purpose of assisting injection of electrons from the cathode to the electron transport layer, but in the case of insertion, a compound having a heteroaryl ring structure containing electron-accepting nitrogen may be used. Alternatively, a layer containing the above donor material may be used.
- the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention may be contained in the electron injection layer.
- an insulator or a semiconductor inorganic substance can be used for the electron injection layer. Use of these materials is preferable because a short circuit of the light emitting element can be effectively prevented and the electron injection property can be improved.
- an insulator it is preferable to use at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal chalcogenides, alkaline earth metal chalcogenides, alkali metal halides and alkaline earth metal halides. If the electron injection layer is composed of these alkali metal chalcogenides or the like, it is more preferable because the electron injection property can be further improved.
- preferred alkali metal chalcogenides include, for example, Li 2 O, Na 2 S, and Na 2 Se
- preferred alkaline earth metal chalcogenides include, for example, CaO, BaO, SrO, BeO, BaS, and CaSe. Is mentioned.
- preferable alkali metal halides include, for example, LiF, NaF, KF, LiCl, KCl, and NaCl.
- preferable alkaline earth metal halides include fluorides such as CaF 2 , BaF 2 , SrF 2 , MgF 2 and BeF 2 , and halides other than fluorides.
- a complex of an organic substance and a metal is also preferably used.
- organometallic complexes include quinolinol, benzoquinolinol, pyridylphenol, flavonol, hydroxyimidazopyridine, hydroxybenzazole, hydroxytriazole and the like as preferred examples of the organic substance in a complex with an organic substance.
- a complex of an alkali metal and an organic substance is preferable, a complex of lithium and an organic substance is more preferable, and lithium quinolinol is particularly preferable.
- the charge generation layer is an intermediate layer between the anode and the cathode in the tandem structure type element, and is a layer that generates holes and electrons by charge separation.
- the charge generation layer is generally formed of a p-type layer on the cathode side and an n-type layer on the anode side. For these layers, efficient charge separation and efficient transport of the generated carriers are desired.
- the material used for the above-described hole injection layer and hole transport layer can be used for the p-type charge generation layer.
- benz-derivatives such as HAT-CN6, NPD and TBDB, a group of materials called starburst arylamines such as m-MTDATA and 1-TNATA, materials having a skeleton represented by general formulas (11) and (12), etc. Can be suitably used.
- the materials used for the above-described electron injection layer and electron transport layer can be used, and a compound having a heteroaryl ring structure containing electron-accepting nitrogen may be used.
- a layer containing a donor material may be used.
- a layer in which the fluoranthene derivative of the present invention is doped with the above donor material can also be suitably used.
- each layer constituting the light emitting element is not particularly limited, such as resistance heating vapor deposition, electron beam vapor deposition, sputtering, molecular lamination method, coating method, etc., but resistance heating vapor deposition or electron beam vapor deposition is usually used in terms of element characteristics. preferable.
- the thickness of the organic layer is not limited because it depends on the resistance value of the luminescent material, but is preferably 1 to 1000 nm.
- the film thicknesses of the light emitting layer, the electron transport layer, and the hole transport layer are each preferably 1 nm to 200 nm, and more preferably 5 nm to 100 nm.
- the light emitting element of the present invention has a function of converting electrical energy into light.
- a direct current is mainly used as the electric energy, but a pulse current or an alternating current can also be used.
- the current value and voltage value are not particularly limited, but should be selected so that the maximum luminance can be obtained with as low energy as possible in consideration of the power consumption and lifetime of the device.
- the light-emitting element of the present invention is suitably used as a display for displaying in a matrix and / or segment system, for example.
- pixels for display are arranged two-dimensionally such as a lattice shape or a mosaic shape, and characters and images are displayed by a set of pixels.
- the shape and size of the pixel are determined by the application. For example, a square pixel with a side of 300 ⁇ m or less is usually used for displaying images and characters on a personal computer, monitor, TV, and a pixel with a side of mm order for a large display such as a display panel. become.
- monochrome display pixels of the same color may be arranged. However, in color display, red, green, and blue pixels are displayed side by side. In this case, there are typically a delta type and a stripe type.
- the matrix driving method may be either a line sequential driving method or an active matrix. Although the structure of the line sequential drive is simple, the active matrix may be superior in consideration of the operation characteristics, and it is necessary to use it depending on the application.
- the segment system in the present invention is a system in which a pattern is formed so as to display predetermined information and a region determined by the arrangement of the pattern is caused to emit light.
- a pattern is formed so as to display predetermined information and a region determined by the arrangement of the pattern is caused to emit light.
- the time and temperature display in a digital clock or a thermometer the operation state display of an audio device or an electromagnetic cooker, the panel display of an automobile, etc.
- the matrix display and the segment display may coexist in the same panel.
- the light-emitting element of the present invention is also preferably used as a backlight for various devices.
- the backlight is used mainly for the purpose of improving the visibility of a display device that does not emit light, and is used for a liquid crystal display device, a clock, an audio device, an automobile panel, a display panel, a sign, and the like.
- the light-emitting element of the present invention is preferably used for a backlight for a liquid crystal display device, particularly a personal computer for which a reduction in thickness is being considered, and a backlight that is thinner and lighter than conventional ones can be provided.
- Synthesis example 1 Synthesis of Compound [1] 26.0 g of bromofluoranthene, 35.2 g of bis (pinacolato) diboron, 27.2 g of potassium acetate, and 462 mL of dimethylformamide were mixed and purged with nitrogen. To this mixed solution, 0.75 g of [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride ⁇ dichloromethane complex was added and heated to 100 ° C. After 1 hour, after cooling to room temperature, 250 mL of ethyl acetate, 250 mL of toluene, and 250 mL of water were added to separate the layers.
- the aqueous layer was extracted with 200 mL of ethyl acetate and 200 mL of toluene, combined with the previous organic layer, and washed with 500 mL of water three times.
- the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent was distilled off. Purification by silica gel column chromatography, evaporation of the eluate, and vacuum drying gave 16.4 g of intermediate A.
- Compound [1] was used as a light emitting device material after sublimation purification at about 320 ° C. under a pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa using an oil diffusion pump.
- Synthesis example 2 Synthesis of Compound [2] Next, 3.85 g of 4- (3-pyridyl) phenylboronic acid, 2.80 g of intermediate B, 185 mg of bis (dibenzylideneacetone) palladium (0), 143 mg of tricyclohexylphosphine tetrafluoroborane, 8.6 g of potassium phosphate, 100 mL of dioxane, and 20 mL of water were mixed, purged with nitrogen, and heated to reflux. One hour later, after cooling to room temperature, 100 mL of water was added, the precipitated solid was filtered, and the obtained solid was washed with 70 mL of water three times.
- Compound [2] was used as a light emitting device material after sublimation purification at about 330 ° C. under a pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa using an oil diffusion pump.
- Synthesis example 3 Synthesis of Compound [3] Next, 6.88 g of 4- (4-pyridyl) phenylboronic acid, 5.00 g of intermediate B, 331 mg of bis (dibenzylideneacetone) palladium (0), 255 mg of tricyclohexylphosphine tetrafluoroborane, The mixture was mixed with 15.3 g of potassium phosphate, 200 mL of dioxane and 40 mL of water, purged with nitrogen, and heated to reflux. After 5 hours, 1.50 g of 4- (4-pyridyl) phenylboronic acid was added, and the mixture was further stirred at reflux for 2 hours.
- the solid was recrystallized with 450 mL of toluene, and the precipitated solid was filtered to obtain 5.8 g of solid. Further, this solid was recrystallized from 150 mL of o-xylene, and the obtained solid was filtered and dried under vacuum to obtain 5.2 g of yellowish green solid of compound [3].
- Compound [3] was used as a light emitting device material after sublimation purification at about 340 ° C. under a pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa using an oil diffusion pump.
- Synthesis example 4 Synthesis of Compound [4] Next, 10.00 g of 4- (2-pyridyl) phenylboronic acid, 10.3 g of 1-dibromo-3,5-dichlorobenzene, 251 mL of dimethoxyethane, and 67 ml of 1.5 M aqueous sodium carbonate solution were mixed. And replaced with nitrogen. To this mixed solution, 321 mg of bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride was added and heated to reflux for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 400 ml of water was added and the precipitate was filtered. After heating and dissolving in 200 mL of toluene, it was dried over sodium sulfate.
- Compound [1] was used as a light emitting device material after sublimation purification at about 350 ° C. under a pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa using an oil diffusion pump.
- Synthesis example 5 Synthesis of Compound [5] Next, 30.0 g of Intermediate D, 11.8 g of 1,3-dibromo-5-chlorobenzene, 435 mL of dimethoxyethane, and 87 ml of 1.5 M aqueous sodium carbonate solution were mixed and purged with nitrogen. To this mixed solution, 306 mg of bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride was added and heated to reflux. After 5.5 hours, after cooling to room temperature, 435 ml of water was added, the precipitate was filtered, and washed with water and methanol.
- Residual water and methanol in the system were removed by adding o-xylene and toluene, followed by distillation, 2.5 g of activated carbon and 2.5 g of QuadraSil (registered trademark) were added, and the mixture was heated to reflux with stirring for 30 minutes. Filtered. After distilling off the solvent of the filtrate, after heating and dissolving in 200 mL of o-xylene, 400 mL of butyl acetate was added, and the precipitated solid was filtered and dried under vacuum to obtain 19.6 g of yellowish green solid of Intermediate E It was.
- Compound [5] was used as a light emitting device material after sublimation purification at about 360 ° C. under a pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa using an oil diffusion pump.
- Example 1 A glass substrate (manufactured by Geomat Co., Ltd., 11 ⁇ / ⁇ , sputtered product) on which ITO transparent conductive film was deposited at 165 nm was cut into 38 ⁇ 46 mm and etched. The obtained substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with “Semico Clean 56” (trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.) for 15 minutes and then with ultrapure water. This substrate was subjected to UV-ozone treatment for 1 hour immediately before producing the device, placed in a vacuum deposition apparatus, and evacuated until the degree of vacuum in the apparatus became 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- “Semico Clean 56” trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- HAT-CN 6 was deposited as a hole injection layer at 5 nm and HT-1 as a hole transport layer was deposited at 50 nm by a resistance heating method.
- a host material H-1 and a dopant material D-1 were deposited to a thickness of 20 nm so that the doping concentration was 5% by weight.
- the compound [1] was deposited to a thickness of 35 nm as an electron transport layer and laminated.
- 1000 nm of aluminum was vapor-deposited to form a cathode, and a 5 ⁇ 5 mm square device was fabricated.
- the film thickness referred to here is a crystal oscillation type film thickness monitor display value.
- the characteristics of this light emitting element at 1000 cd / m 2 were a driving voltage of 4.6 V and an external quantum efficiency of 4.4%.
- the time for the luminance to decrease by 20% was 1500 hours.
- Compound [1], HAT-CN 6 , HT-1, H-1, and D-1 are the compounds shown below.
- Examples 2-31 A light emitting device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compounds listed in Table 1 were used for the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 1. Compounds [6] to [31] are the compounds shown below.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 A light emitting device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compounds listed in Table 1 were used for the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 1. E-1 to E-3 are the compounds shown below.
- Example 32 A glass substrate (manufactured by Geomat Co., Ltd., 11 ⁇ / ⁇ , sputtered product) on which ITO transparent conductive film was deposited at 165 nm was cut into 38 ⁇ 46 mm and etched. The obtained substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with “Semico Clean 56” (trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.) for 15 minutes and then with ultrapure water. This substrate was subjected to UV-ozone treatment for 1 hour immediately before producing the device, placed in a vacuum deposition apparatus, and evacuated until the degree of vacuum in the apparatus became 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- “Semico Clean 56” trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- HAT-CN 6 was deposited as a hole injection layer at 5 nm and HT-1 as a hole transport layer was deposited at 50 nm by a resistance heating method.
- a host material H-1 and a dopant material D-1 were deposited to a thickness of 20 nm so that the doping concentration was 5% by weight.
- the compound [1] was deposited to a thickness of 25 nm as a first electron transport layer and laminated. Further, the compound [1] is used as the second electron transporting layer as the electron transporting material, lithium is used as the donor material, and the thickness of the compound [1] and lithium is laminated to a thickness of 10 nm so that the deposition rate ratio is 20: 1. did.
- Examples 33-39 A light emitting device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the compounds listed in Table 2 were used for the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Examples 4-6 A light emitting device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the compounds listed in Table 2 were used for the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 40 A glass substrate (manufactured by Geomat Co., Ltd., 11 ⁇ / ⁇ , sputtered product) on which ITO transparent conductive film was deposited at 165 nm was cut into 38 ⁇ 46 mm and etched. The obtained substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with “Semico Clean 56” (trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.) for 15 minutes and then with ultrapure water. This substrate was subjected to UV-ozone treatment for 1 hour immediately before producing the device, placed in a vacuum deposition apparatus, and evacuated until the degree of vacuum in the apparatus became 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- “Semico Clean 56” trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- HAT-CN 6 was deposited as a hole injection layer at 5 nm and HT-1 as a hole transport layer was deposited at 50 nm by a resistance heating method.
- a host material H-1 and a dopant material D-1 were deposited to a thickness of 20 nm so that the doping concentration was 5% by weight.
- the compound [1] is used as the electron transport material for the electron transport layer
- 2E-1 is used as the donor material
- the thickness of 35 nm is set so that the deposition rate ratio of the compound [1] and 2E-1 is 1: 1.
- Laminated. This electron transport layer is shown as the second electron transport layer in Table 3.
- Examples 41-44 A light emitting device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the compounds described in Table 3 were used as the electron transport layer and the donor material. The results are shown in Table 3. 2E-1 is a compound shown below.
- Comparative Examples 7-9 A light emitting device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the compounds described in Table 3 were used as the electron transport layer and the donor material. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 45 A glass substrate (manufactured by Geomat Co., Ltd., 11 ⁇ / ⁇ , sputtered product) on which ITO transparent conductive film was deposited at 165 nm was cut into 38 ⁇ 46 mm and etched. The obtained substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with “Semico Clean 56” (trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.) for 15 minutes and then with ultrapure water. This substrate was subjected to UV-ozone treatment for 1 hour immediately before producing the device, placed in a vacuum deposition apparatus, and evacuated until the degree of vacuum in the apparatus became 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- “Semico Clean 56” trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- HAT-CN 6 was deposited as a hole injection layer at 5 nm and HT-1 as a hole transport layer was deposited at 50 nm by a resistance heating method. This hole transport layer is shown in Table 4 as the first hole transport layer.
- a host material H-2 and a dopant material D-2 were deposited to a thickness of 20 nm so that the doping concentration was 10 wt%.
- the compound [3] was deposited as an electron transport layer to a thickness of 35 nm and laminated.
- 1000 nm of aluminum was vapor-deposited to form a cathode, and a 5 ⁇ 5 mm square device was fabricated.
- the film thickness referred to here is a crystal oscillation type film thickness monitor display value.
- the characteristics of this light emitting device at 4000 cd / m 2 were a driving voltage of 3.9 V and an external quantum efficiency of 10.1%.
- the time for the luminance to decrease by 20% was 1500 hours.
- H-2 and D-2 are the compounds shown below.
- Comparative Example 10 A light emitting device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the compounds shown in Table 4 were used as the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 4.
- Example 46 A glass substrate (manufactured by Geomat Co., Ltd., 11 ⁇ / ⁇ , sputtered product) on which ITO transparent conductive film was deposited at 165 nm was cut into 38 ⁇ 46 mm and etched. The obtained substrate was ultrasonically cleaned with “Semico Clean 56” (trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.) for 15 minutes and then with ultrapure water. This substrate was subjected to UV-ozone treatment for 1 hour immediately before producing the device, placed in a vacuum deposition apparatus, and evacuated until the degree of vacuum in the apparatus became 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- “Semico Clean 56” trade name, manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- HAT-CN 6 was deposited as a hole injection layer by 5 nm and HT-1 as a first hole transport layer by 40 nm by a resistance heating method. Further, HT-2 was deposited to a thickness of 10 nm as the second hole transport layer. Next, as a light emitting layer, a host material H-2 and a dopant material D-2 were deposited to a thickness of 20 nm so that the doping concentration was 10 wt%. Next, the compound [3] was deposited as an electron transport layer to a thickness of 35 nm and laminated.
- HT-2 is a compound shown below.
- Examples 47, 48 A device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the compounds shown in Table 4 were used as the second hole transport layer and the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 4.
- HT-3 and HT-4 are the compounds shown below.
- Comparative Examples 11-13 A device was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 11 except that the compounds shown in Table 4 were used as the second hole transport layer and the electron transport layer. The results are shown in Table 4.
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Abstract
Description
光電変換素子は、アノードとカソード、およびそれらアノードとカソードとの間に介在する有機層を有し、有機層において光エネルギーが電気的信号に変換される。前記有機層は少なくとも光電変換層を有していることが好ましく、さらに前記光電変換層はp型材料とn型材料を含むことがより好ましい。p型材料は、電子供与性(ドナー性)の材料であり、HOMOのエネルギー準位が浅く、正孔を輸送しやすい。n型材料は、電子吸引性(アクセプター性)の材料であり、LUMOのエネルギー準位が深く、電子を輸送しやすい。p型材料とn型材料は積層されていてもよいし、混合されていてもよい。
次に、本発明の発光素子の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
本発明の発光素子において、陽極と陰極は素子の発光のために十分な電流を供給するための役割を有するものであり、光を取り出すために少なくとも一方は透明または半透明であることが好ましい。通常、基板上に形成される陽極を透明電極とする。
正孔輸送層は、正孔輸送材料の一種または二種以上を積層または混合する方法、もしくは、正孔輸送材料と高分子結着剤の混合物を用いる方法により形成される。また、正孔輸送材料は、電界を与えられた電極間において正極からの正孔を効率良く輸送することが必要で、正孔注入効率が高く、注入された正孔を効率良く輸送することが好ましい。そのためには適切なイオン化ポテンシャルを持ち、しかも正孔移動度が大きく、さらに安定性に優れ、トラップとなる不純物が製造時および使用時に発生しにくい物質であることが要求される。
陽極と正孔輸送層の間に正孔注入層を設けてもよい。正孔注入層を設けることで発光素子が低駆動電圧化し、耐久寿命も向上する。正孔注入層には通常正孔輸送層に用いる材料よりもイオン化ポテンシャルの小さい材料が好ましく用いられる。具体的には、上記TPD232のようなベンジジン誘導体、スターバーストアリールアミン材料群が挙げられる他、フタロシアニン誘導体等も用いることができる。また正孔注入層がアクセプター性化合物単独で構成されているか、またはアクセプター性化合物が別の正孔輸送材料にドープされて用いられていることも好ましい。アクセプター性化合物の例としては、塩化鉄(III)、塩化アルミニウム、塩化ガリウム、塩化インジウム、塩化アンチモンのような金属塩化物、酸化モリブデン、酸化バナジウム、酸化タングステン、酸化ルテニウムのような金属酸化物、トリス(4-ブロモフェニル)アミニウムヘキサクロロアンチモネート(TBPAH)のような電荷移動錯体が挙げられる。また分子内にニトロ基、シアノ基、ハロゲンまたはトリフルオロメチル基を有する有機化合物や、キノン系化合物、酸無水物系化合物、フラーレンなども好適に用いられる。これらの化合物の具体的な例としては、ヘキサシアノブタジエン、ヘキサシアノベンゼン、テトラシアノエチレン、テトラシアノキノジメタン(TCNQ)、テトラフルオロテトラシアノキノジメタン(F4-TCNQ)、2,3,6,7,10,11-ヘキサシアノ-1,4,5,8,9,12-ヘキサアザトリフェニレン(HAT-CN6)、p-フルオラニル、p-クロラニル、p-ブロマニル、p-ベンゾキノン、2,6-ジクロロベンゾキノン、2,5-ジクロロベンゾキノン、テトラメチルベンゾキノン、1,2,4,5-テトラシアノベンゼン、o-ジシアノベンゼン、p-ジシアノベンゼン、1,4-ジシアノテトラフルオロベンゼン、2,3-ジクロロ-5,6-ジシアノベンゾキノン、p-ジニトロベンゼン、m-ジニトロベンゼン、o-ジニトロベンゼン、p-シアノニトロベンゼン、m-シアノニトロベンゼン、o-シアノニトロベンゼン、1,4-ナフトキノン、2,3-ジクロロナフトキノン、1-ニトロナフタレン、2-ニトロナフタレン、1,3-ジニトロナフタレン、1,5-ジニトロナフタレン、9-シアノアントラセン、9-ニトロアントラセン、9,10-アントラキノン、1,3,6,8-テトラニトロカルバゾール、2,4,7-トリニトロ-9-フルオレノン、2,3,5,6-テトラシアノピリジン、マレイン酸無水物、フタル酸無水物、C60、およびC70などが挙げられる。
発光層は単一層、複数層のどちらでもよく、それぞれ発光材料(ホスト材料、ドーパント材料)により形成され、これはホスト材料とドーパント材料との混合物であっても、ホスト材料単独であっても、いずれでもよい。すなわち、本発明の発光素子では、各発光層において、ホスト材料もしくはドーパント材料のみが発光してもよいし、ホスト材料とドーパント材料がともに発光してもよい。電気エネルギーを効率よく利用し、高色純度の発光を得るという観点からは、発光層はホスト材料とドーパント材料の混合からなることが好ましい。また、ホスト材料とドーパント材料は、それぞれ一種類であっても、複数の組み合わせであっても、いずれでもよい。ドーパント材料はホスト材料の全体に含まれていても、部分的に含まれていても、いずれでもよい。ドーパント材料は積層されていても、分散されていても、いずれでもよい。ドーパント材料は発光色の制御ができる。ドーパント材料の量は、多すぎると濃度消光現象が起きるため、ホスト材料に対して20重量%以下で用いることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは10重量%以下である。ドーピング方法は、ホスト材料との共蒸着法によって形成することができるが、ホスト材料と予め混合してから同時に蒸着してもよい。
本発明において、電子輸送層とは、陰極と発光層との間にある層である。電子輸送層は単層でも複数層であってもよく、陰極もしくは発光層に接していてもいいし、接していなくてもよい。電子輸送層には、陰極からの電子注入効率が高いこと、注入された電子を効率良く輸送すること、発光への電子注入効率が高いことなどが望まれる。そのため電子輸送層は、電子親和力が大きく、しかも電子移動度が大きく、さらに安定性に優れ、トラップとなる不純物が製造時および使用時に発生しにくい物質で構成されることが好ましい。しかしながら、正孔と電子の輸送バランスを考えた場合に、電子輸送層が陽極からの正孔が再結合せずに陰極側へ流れるのを効率よく阻止できる役割を主に果たすならば、電子輸送能力がそれ程高くない材料で構成されていても、発光効率を向上させる効果は電子輸送能力が高い材料で構成されている場合と同等となる。したがって、本発明における電子輸送層には、正孔の移動を効率よく阻止できる正孔阻止層も同義のものとして含まれる。
本発明において、陰極と電子輸送層の間に電子注入層を設けてもよい。一般的に電子注入層は陰極から電子輸送層への電子の注入を助ける目的で挿入されるが、挿入する場合は、電子受容性窒素を含むヘテロアリール環構造を有する化合物を用いてもよいし、上記のドナー性材料を含有する層を用いてもよい。本発明のフルオランテン誘導体が電子注入層に含まれていてもよい。
本発明において、電荷発生層とは、上記のタンデム構造型素子における、陽極と陰極の間にある中間層であり、電荷分離により正孔および電子を発生させる層である。電荷発生層は、一般に、陰極側のp型層と陽極側のn型層から形成される。これらの層には、効率的な電荷分離と、生じたキャリアの効率的な輸送が望まれる。
化合物[1]の合成
ブロモフルオランテン26.0g、ビス(ピナコラート)ジボロン35.2g、酢酸カリウム27.2g、ジメチルホルムアミド462mLを混合し、窒素置換した。この混合溶液に[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリド・ジクロロメタン錯体0.75gを加え、100℃に加熱した。1時間後、室温に冷却した後、酢酸エチル250mL、トルエン250mL、水250mLを加え分液した。水層を酢酸エチル200mL、トルエン200mLで抽出した後、先の有機層と合わせ、水500mLで3回洗浄した。有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、溶媒を留去した。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、溶出液をエバポレートし、真空乾燥することにより、中間体Aを16.4g得た。
化合物[2]の合成
次に、4-(3-ピリジル)フェニルボロン酸3.85g、中間体B2.80g、ビス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)パラジウム(0)185mg、トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン・テトラフルオロボラン143mg、リン酸カリウム8.6g、ジオキサン100mL、水20mLを混合し、窒素置換し、加熱還流した。1時間後、室温に冷却した後、水100mLを添加し、析出した固体をろ過し、得られた固体を水70mLで3回洗浄した。ろ過物をピリジン100mLに加熱溶解した後、活性炭1.0gと“QuadraSil”(登録商標)1.5gを加え、100℃で30分攪拌後、室温にてセライトろ過した。ろ液の溶媒を50mL留去した後、マイナス20度の冷蔵庫で2時間冷却した。析出した固体をろ過し、固体をピリジン/メタノールで再結晶をおこなった。析出した固体をろ過し、固体をo-キシレン40mLで再結晶し、得られた固体をろ過し、真空乾燥することにより、化合物[2]の黄緑色固体を4.2g得た。
化合物[3]の合成
次に、4-(4-ピリジル)フェニルボロン酸6.88g、中間体B5.00g、ビス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)パラジウム(0)331mg、トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン・テトラフルオロボラン255mg、リン酸カリウム15.3g、ジオキサン200mL、水40mLを混合し、窒素置換し、加熱還流した。5時間後、4-(4-ピリジル)フェニルボロン酸1.50gを追加し、さらに加熱還流にて2時間攪拌した。室温に冷却した後、水200mLを添加し、析出した固体をろ過し、得られた固体を水100mLで3回洗浄した。ろ過物をピリジン200mLに加熱溶解した後、活性炭5.0gと“QuadraSil”(登録商標)3.0gを加え、100℃で30分攪拌後、室温にてセライトろ過した。ろ液の溶媒を150mL留去した後、メタノール100mLを加え、マイナス20度の冷蔵庫で18時間冷却した。析出した固体をろ過したところ、7.3gの固体が得られた。固体をトルエン450mLで再結晶をおこい、析出した固体をろ過しところ、5.8gの固体が得られた。さらにこの固体をo-キシレン150mLで再結晶し、得られた固体をろ過し、真空乾燥することにより、化合物[3]の黄緑色固体を5.2g得た。
化合物[4]の合成
次に、4-(2-ピリジル)フェニルボロン酸10.00g、1-ジブロモ-3,5-ジクロロベンゼン10.3g、ジメトキシエタン251mL、1.5M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液67mlを混合し、窒素置換した。この混合溶液にビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウムジクロリド321mgを加え、3時間加熱還流した。室温に冷却した後、水400mlを加え、析出物をろ過した。トルエン200mLに加熱溶解後、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。活性炭2.0gと“QuadraSil”(登録商標)2.0gを加えた後、攪拌し、セライトろ過した。ろ液の溶媒を留去した後、酢酸ブチル30mLに加熱溶解後、メタノール200mLを加え、析出した固体をろ過し、真空乾燥することにより、中間体Cの黄緑色固体を9.8g得た。
化合物[5]の合成
次に、中間体D30.0g、1,3-ジブロモ-5-クロロベンゼン11.8g、ジメトキシエタン435mL、1.5M炭酸ナトリウム水溶液87mlを混合し、窒素置換した。この混合溶液にビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウムジクロリド306mgを加え、加熱還流した。5.5時間後、室温に冷却した後、水435mlを加え、析出物をろ過し、水とメタノールで洗浄した。o-キシレンとトルエンを添加し、蒸留することで系中の残留水およびメタノールを抜き、活性炭2.5gとQuadraSil(登録商標)2.5gを加えた後、30分間加熱還流攪拌し、シリカパッドろ過した。ろ液の溶媒を留去した後、o-キシレン200mLに加熱溶解後、酢酸ブチル400mLを加え、析出した固体をろ過し、真空乾燥することにより、中間体Eの黄緑色固体を19.6g得た。
ITO透明導電膜を165nm堆積させたガラス基板(ジオマテック(株)製、11Ω/□、スパッタ品)を38×46mmに切断し、エッチングを行った。得られた基板を “セミコクリーン56”(商品名、フルウチ化学(株)製)で15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV-オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10-4Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔注入層として、HAT-CN6を5nm、正孔輸送層として、HT-1を50nm蒸着した。次に、発光層として、ホスト材料H-1、ドーパント材料D-1をドープ濃度が5重量%になるようにして20nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、電子輸送層として化合物[1]を35nmの厚さに蒸着して積層した。次に、フッ化リチウムを0.5nm蒸着した後、アルミニウムを1000nm蒸着して陰極とし、5×5mm角の素子を作製した。ここで言う膜厚は、水晶発振式膜厚モニター表示値である。この発光素子の1000cd/m2時の特性は、駆動電圧4.6V、外部量子効率4.4%であった。また初期輝度を1000cd/m2に設定し、定電流駆動させたところ輝度20%低下する時間は1500時間であった。なお化合物[1]、HAT-CN6、HT-1、H-1、D-1は以下に示す化合物である。
電子輸送層に表1に記載した化合物を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表1に示す。なお、化合物[6]~[31]は以下に示す化合物である。
電子輸送層に表1に記載した化合物を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表1に示す。なお、E-1~E-3は以下に示す化合物である。
ITO透明導電膜を165nm堆積させたガラス基板(ジオマテック(株)製、11Ω/□、スパッタ品)を38×46mmに切断し、エッチングを行った。得られた基板を “セミコクリーン56”(商品名、フルウチ化学(株)製)で15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV-オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10-4Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔注入層として、HAT-CN6を5nm、正孔輸送層として、HT-1を50nm蒸着した。次に、発光層として、ホスト材料H-1、ドーパント材料D-1をドープ濃度が5重量%になるようにして20nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、第1電子輸送層として化合物[1]を25nmの厚さに蒸着して積層した。さらに第2電子輸送層として電子輸送材料に化合物[1]を、ドナー性材料としてリチウムを用い、化合物[1]とリチウムの蒸着速度比が20:1になるようにして10nmの厚さに積層した。次に、フッ化リチウムを0.5nm蒸着した後、アルミニウムを1000nm蒸着して陰極とし、5×5mm角の素子を作製した。この発光素子の1000cd/m2時の特性は、駆動電圧3.8V、外部量子効率5.3%であった。また初期輝度を1000cd/m2に設定し、定電流駆動させたところ輝度20%低下する時間は1500時間であった。
電子輸送層に表2に記載した化合物を用いた以外は実施例6と同様にして発光素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表2に示す。
電子輸送層に表2に記載した化合物を用いた以外は実施例6と同様にして発光素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表2に示す。
ITO透明導電膜を165nm堆積させたガラス基板(ジオマテック(株)製、11Ω/□、スパッタ品)を38×46mmに切断し、エッチングを行った。得られた基板を “セミコクリーン56”(商品名、フルウチ化学(株)製)で15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV-オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10-4Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔注入層として、HAT-CN6を5nm、正孔輸送層として、HT-1を50nm蒸着した。次に、発光層として、ホスト材料H-1、ドーパント材料D-1をドープ濃度が5重量%になるようにして20nmの厚さに蒸着した。さらに電子輸送層として電子輸送材料に化合物[1]を、ドナー性材料として2E-1を用い、化合物[1]と2E-1の蒸着速度比が1:1になるようにして35nmの厚さに積層した。この電子輸送層は表3では第2電子輸送層として示す。次に、フッ化リチウムを0.5nm蒸着した後、マグネシウムと銀を1000nm共蒸着して陰極とし、5×5mm角の素子を作製した。この発光素子の1000cd/m2時の特性は、駆動電圧4.2V、外部量子効率5.5%であった。また初期輝度を1000cd/m2に設定し、定電流駆動させたところ輝度20%低下する時間は3500時間であった。
電子輸送層、ドナー性材料として表3に記載した化合物を用いた以外は実施例11と同様にして発光素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表3に示す。2E-1は下記に示す化合物である。
電子輸送層、ドナー性材料として表3に記載した化合物を用いた以外は実施例11と同様にして発光素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表3に示す。
ITO透明導電膜を165nm堆積させたガラス基板(ジオマテック(株)製、11Ω/□、スパッタ品)を38×46mmに切断し、エッチングを行った。得られた基板を “セミコクリーン56”(商品名、フルウチ化学(株)製)で15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV-オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10-4Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔注入層として、HAT-CN6を5nm、正孔輸送層として、HT-1を50nm蒸着した。この正孔輸送層は表4では第1正孔輸送層として示す。次に、発光層として、ホスト材料H-2、ドーパント材料D-2をドープ濃度が10重量%になるようにして20nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、電子輸送層として化合物[3]を35nmの厚さに蒸着して積層した。次に、フッ化リチウムを0.5nm蒸着した後、アルミニウムを1000nm蒸着して陰極とし、5×5mm角の素子を作製した。ここで言う膜厚は、水晶発振式膜厚モニター表示値である。この発光素子の4000cd/m2時の特性は、駆動電圧3.9V、外部量子効率10.1%であった。また初期輝度を4000cd/m2に設定し、定電流駆動させたところ輝度20%低下する時間は1500時間であった。なおH-2、D-2は以下に示す化合物である。
電子輸送層として表4記載の化合物を用いた以外は実施例10と同様に発光素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表4に示す。
ITO透明導電膜を165nm堆積させたガラス基板(ジオマテック(株)製、11Ω/□、スパッタ品)を38×46mmに切断し、エッチングを行った。得られた基板を “セミコクリーン56”(商品名、フルウチ化学(株)製)で15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV-オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10-4Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔注入層として、HAT-CN6を5nm、第1正孔輸送層として、HT-1を40nm蒸着した。さらに第2正孔輸送層としてHT-2を10nm蒸着した。次に、発光層として、ホスト材料H-2、ドーパント材料D-2をドープ濃度が10重量%になるようにして20nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、電子輸送層として化合物[3]を35nmの厚さに蒸着して積層した。次に、フッ化リチウムを0.5nm蒸着した後、アルミニウムを1000nm蒸着して陰極とし、5×5mm角の素子を作製した。ここで言う膜厚は、水晶発振式膜厚モニター表示値である。この発光素子の4000cd/m2時の特性は、駆動電圧3.9V、外部量子効率13.8%であった。また初期輝度を4000cd/m2に設定し、定電流駆動させたところ輝度20%低下する時間は1900時間であった。なお、HT-2は以下に示す化合物である。
第2正孔輸送層および電子輸送層として表4記載の化合物を用いた以外は、実施例11と同様にして素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表4に示す。なおHT-3、HT-4は以下に示す化合物である。
第2正孔輸送層および電子輸送層として表4記載の化合物を用いた以外は、実施例11と同様にして素子を作製し、評価した。結果を表4に示す。
Claims (21)
- 下記一般式(1)で表されるフルオランテン誘導体。
(式中、Arはフルオランテン骨格を含む基を表す。L1は、置換もしくは無置換のアリーレン基である。L2は単結合、置換もしくは無置換のアリーレン基、または置換もしくは無置換のヘテロアリーレン基である。HArは、置換もしくは無置換の電子受容性窒素を含む芳香族複素環基である。上記の各基が置換されている場合の置換基は、それぞれ、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、複素環基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、アルキルチオ基、アリールエーテル基、アリールチオエーテル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ハロゲン、シアノ基、アミノ基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、オキシカルボニル基、カルバモイル基および-P(=O)R1R2からなる群より選ばれる。R1およびR2はアリール基またはヘテロアリール基である。またR1およびR2が縮合して環を形成していてもよい。w、x、yおよびzは1~3の整数である。但し、アリーレン基はアントラセン含有基もしくはピレン含有基になることはない。また、L2およびHArが電子供与性窒素を含む基になることはない。w=x=1のとき、L2は、置換もしくは無置換のアリーレン基、または置換もしくは無置換のヘテロアリーレン基である。w=1で且つx=2ときHArがピリミジンになることはない。w=2で且つx=1ときL1に置換する置換基がフェナントレンになることはない。w、x、yおよびzが2もしくは3のとき、Ar、L1、L2およびHArはそれぞれ同じでも異なっていてもよい。) - R9およびR12が水素である請求項2または3記載のフルオランテン誘導体。
- R9およびR12が置換もしくは無置換のアリール基である請求項2または3記載のフルオランテン誘導体。
- w+x=3である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体。
- w=2で且つx=1である請求項8記載のフルオランテン誘導体。
- w=x=1である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体。
- y=z=1である請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体。
- y+z=3である請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する電子デバイス材料。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する発光素子材料。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する光電変換素子材料。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する電子デバイス。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する発光素子。
- 陽極と陰極の間に有機層が存在し、電気エネルギーにより発光する発光素子であって、前記有機層に請求項1~12のいずれか記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する発光素子。
- 前記有機層が電子輸送層を有し、前記電子輸送層に請求項1~12のいずれか記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する請求項18記載の発光素子。
- 前記有機層に少なくとも電荷発生層が存在し、電荷発生層が請求項1~12いずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含むことを特徴とする請求項18または19記載の発光素子。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のフルオランテン誘導体を含有する光電変換素子。
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| KR1020167032872A KR102356957B1 (ko) | 2014-05-28 | 2015-05-25 | 플루오란텐 유도체, 그것을 함유하는 전자 디바이스, 발광 소자 및 광전 변환 소자 |
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| US10790449B2 (en) | 2015-06-16 | 2020-09-29 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Compound, material for organic electroluminescence element, organic electroluminescence element, and electronic device |
| WO2016204150A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-16 | 2016-12-22 | 出光興産株式会社 | 化合物、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び電子機器 |
| JP2017191661A (ja) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-10-19 | 出光興産株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
| JP7325570B2 (ja) | 2016-05-30 | 2023-08-14 | ノヴァレッド ゲーエムベーハー | 有機半導体層を含む有機発光ダイオード |
| JP2022105040A (ja) * | 2016-05-30 | 2022-07-12 | ノヴァレッド ゲーエムベーハー | 有機半導体層を含む有機発光ダイオード |
| KR20180083299A (ko) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-07-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 신규한 유기 발광 재료 및 이를 포함하는 유기발광 소자 |
| KR101953766B1 (ko) | 2016-08-24 | 2019-03-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 신규한 유기 발광 재료 및 이를 포함하는 유기발광 소자 |
| JP2018158918A (ja) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-11 | 東ソー株式会社 | 環状アジン化合物、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界発光素子用電子輸送材料 |
| JP7318178B2 (ja) | 2017-03-21 | 2023-08-01 | 東ソー株式会社 | 環状アジン化合物、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界発光素子用電子輸送材料 |
| WO2018173882A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-09-27 | 東ソー株式会社 | 環状アジン化合物、有機電界発光素子用材料、有機電界発光素子用電子輸送材料 |
| WO2020039708A1 (ja) | 2018-08-23 | 2020-02-27 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
| KR20220133191A (ko) | 2020-01-30 | 2022-10-04 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 화합물, 유기 박막 발광 소자, 표시 장치 및 조명 장치 |
| KR20240130082A (ko) | 2021-12-30 | 2024-08-28 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 플루오란텐 유도체, 발광 소자 및 광전 변환 소자 |
| WO2024018915A1 (ja) | 2022-07-20 | 2024-01-25 | 東レ株式会社 | 化合物、発光素子、表示装置および照明装置 |
| KR20250036809A (ko) | 2022-07-20 | 2025-03-14 | 도레이 카부시키가이샤 | 화합물, 발광 소자, 표시 장치 및 조명 장치 |
| KR20240147952A (ko) | 2023-03-31 | 2024-10-10 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 유기 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 유기 발광 소자 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3150579A4 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
| TWI665285B (zh) | 2019-07-11 |
| JPWO2015182547A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
| TW201544574A (zh) | 2015-12-01 |
| EP3150579A1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
| KR102356957B1 (ko) | 2022-01-28 |
| EP3150579B1 (en) | 2021-02-24 |
| JP6627507B2 (ja) | 2020-01-08 |
| CN106458899A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
| KR20170013236A (ko) | 2017-02-06 |
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