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WO2015178049A1 - Base, et dispositif de production d'électricité - Google Patents

Base, et dispositif de production d'électricité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015178049A1
WO2015178049A1 PCT/JP2015/054672 JP2015054672W WO2015178049A1 WO 2015178049 A1 WO2015178049 A1 WO 2015178049A1 JP 2015054672 W JP2015054672 W JP 2015054672W WO 2015178049 A1 WO2015178049 A1 WO 2015178049A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetostrictive rod
magnetostrictive
base
beam member
power generation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2015/054672
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
憲一 古河
貴之 沼宮内
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Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd
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Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd
Publication of WO2015178049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015178049A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a base and a power generation device, specifically, a base that holds a power generation element and a power generation device that holds the power generation element on the base.
  • This power generator applies, for example, a pair of magnetostrictive rods arranged in parallel, a connecting yoke that connects these magnetostrictive rods, a coil provided so as to surround each magnetostrictive rod, and a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rods.
  • a permanent magnet and a back yoke are provided.
  • a pair of magnetostrictive rods function as opposing parallel beams (parallel beams).
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the number of parts, thereby reducing the number of assembly steps of the power generator and reducing the height thereof, and such a base. It is in providing the electric power generating apparatus provided.
  • a base for holding a power generation element includes at least one magnetostrictive rod made of a magnetostrictive material that passes magnetic lines of force in the axial direction, a beam member that has a function of applying stress to the magnetostrictive bar, and the magnetic lines of force pass in the axial direction. And a coil for generating a voltage based on a change in density of the magnetostrictive rod. The other end of the magnetostrictive rod is displaced in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction to expand and contract the magnetostrictive rod. By changing the density of the lines of magnetic force, the coil is configured to generate a voltage,
  • the base has at least the beam member among members constituting the power generating element.
  • the base has a base body that holds the beam member with one end as a fixed end and the other end as a movable end,
  • the said beam member is a base as described in said (1) or (2) currently formed integrally with the said base main body.
  • At least one magnetostrictive rod made of a magnetostrictive material that is fixed to the base so that stress is applied from the beam member, and that passes magnetic lines of force in the axial direction;
  • the magnetic field lines are arranged so as to pass in the axial direction, and a coil that generates a voltage based on a change in density thereof,
  • the other end of the magnetostrictive rod is displaced in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod to expand and contract the magnetostrictive rod, thereby changing the density of the lines of magnetic force and generating a voltage in the coil.
  • the electric power generating apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.
  • the at least one magnetostrictive rod has two or more magnetostrictive rods provided side by side,
  • the power generation device according to any one of (6) to (9), wherein the magnetostrictive rods and the beam members are arranged so as not to overlap each other in plan view.
  • the coil is wound on the outer peripheral side of each magnetostrictive rod so as to surround the magnetostrictive rod,
  • the present invention it is not necessary to prepare an independent part as a beam member, and the number of assembly steps for the beam member is reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the power generation device by at least the thickness of the beam member, that is, to reduce the height of the power generation device.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the base of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the first embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the power generator (coil is omitted) of the present invention.
  • Fig.5 (a) is a perspective view which shows the flow of the magnetic force line in the front end side of the electric power generating apparatus (a base, a coil, and a beam member are abbreviate
  • FIG.5 (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the magnetic force line which passes the upper side connection member, permanent magnet, and magnetic member of the electric power generating apparatus shown to Fig.5 (a).
  • FIG. 6 is a side view schematically showing a state in which an external force is applied in the downward direction to the distal end of one bar (one beam) whose base end is fixed to the base body.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing a state in which an external force is applied downward to the distal ends of a pair of opposed parallel beams (parallel beams) whose base ends are fixed to the base body.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing stress (elongation stress, contraction stress) applied to a pair of parallel beams to which an external force is applied to the tip.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the applied magnetic field (H) and the magnetic flux density (B) according to the generated stress in a magnetostrictive rod made of a magnetostrictive material mainly composed of an iron-gallium alloy.
  • FIG. 10A is a perspective view showing the flow of magnetic lines of force on the distal end side of another configuration example (the base, the coil, and the beam member are omitted) of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG.10 (b) shows the change of the magnetic flux density along the longitudinal direction of a magnetostriction rod, when stress is provided to the front end side connection part of the power generator shown in FIG. 1 and the power generator shown in FIG. 10 (a). It is a graph.
  • FIG.11 (a) is a top view which shows typically each upper side connection member with which the electric power generating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is provided.
  • FIGS. 11B to 11E are plan views schematically showing other configuration examples of the upper connecting members provided in the power generation device shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are perspective views showing a bobbin of a coil provided in the power generation device shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are perspective views showing a magnetostrictive rod and a coil included in the power generation apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 (c) is a perspective view showing a cross section of the magnetostrictive rod and coil of FIG. 14 (a) cut along line BB.
  • FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the power generator (base is omitted
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a power generator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the base of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the first embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the power generator (coil is omitted) of the present invention.
  • Fig.5 (a) is a perspective view which shows the flow of the magnetic force line in the front end side of the electric power generating apparatus (a base, a coil, and a beam member are abbreviate
  • FIG.5 (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the magnetic force line which passes the upper side connection member, permanent magnet, and magnetic member of the electric power generating apparatus shown to Fig.5 (a).
  • the upper side in FIGS. 1 to 5 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side in FIGS. 1 to 5 is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
  • the right front side of the paper in FIGS. 1 and 2, the right back side of the paper in FIG. 3, the right side in FIG. 4, the left back side of the paper in FIG. 5 (a), and the front side of the paper in FIG. 5 (b). Is referred to as the “front end side”, the left rear side of the paper surface in FIGS. 1 and 2, the left front side of the paper surface in FIG. 3, the left side in FIG. 4, and the right front side in FIG. 5A and FIG.
  • the back side of the paper is called the “base end side”.
  • the base 100 Prior to the description of the power generation element 1, the base 100 will be described.
  • the base 100 is used as a member that constitutes a part of a lighting switch, for example.
  • the base 100 shown in FIG. 2 has a box shape, and includes a bottom portion (flat plate portion) 101 and side portions 102 (right side portion 102a, left side portion 102b, and upper side portion) that are provided upward along the four sides of the bottom portion 101. 102c and lower part 102d).
  • the bottom 101 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and a slit 108 having a predetermined shape is formed at a position slightly deviated from the center.
  • a portion (T-shaped portion 103) having a substantially T shape in a plan view surrounded by the slit 108 of the bottom 101 is a part of the members constituting the power generating element 1 (the beam member 8 and the lower side).
  • the connecting member 51) is configured.
  • a plurality of openings 104 are formed in the bottom 101.
  • the opening 104 is inserted with wiring such as a sensor and a circuit board mounted on the base 100, screws for fixing the base 100 to other members, and the like.
  • the shape, arrangement position, number, and the like of these openings 104 can be appropriately changed according to the type of sensor, the type and number of screws, and the like.
  • a plurality of recesses 105 are formed on the upper surface of the bottom 101.
  • a convex portion (not shown) formed on the lower surface of a member (lower connection member 41) constituting the power generation element 1 is inserted into the concave portion 105.
  • the four corners of the bottom 101 are cut out in a fan shape. Note that the shape, size, and the like of the bottom portion 101 can be appropriately changed according to the size, the number, and the like of the power generating elements 1 to be installed.
  • a right side portion 102a, a left side portion 102b, an upper side portion 102c, and a lower side portion 102d are provided on the four sides of the bottom portion 101, respectively.
  • the side portions 102a to 102d each have a substantially rectangular shape, and are formed integrally with the bottom portion 101.
  • a plurality of openings 106 having the same function as the opening 104 of the bottom 101 are formed in the right side 102a.
  • the left side portion 102 b has a function of positioning the power generating element 1 with respect to the base 100 by contacting the base end of the power generating element 1.
  • a pair of claw portions 107 protruding toward the inside of the bottom portion 101 is formed at the upper end of the left side portion 102b.
  • the height of the left side portion 102b is preferably substantially equal to the height of the base end portion of the power generation element 1 (see FIG. 4).
  • the claw portions 107 are provided in the same number (one in the present embodiment) via a center line along the longitudinal direction of the power generating element 1. Thereby, the stability in the short direction when the power generating element 1 is fixed to the base 100 is improved. Note that an additional claw portion 107 may be provided so as to be positioned on the center line of the power generating element 1.
  • the base body 110 is configured by such side portions 102 (102a to 102d) and a portion excluding the T-shaped portion 103 (a portion inside the slit 108) of the bottom portion 101.
  • the T-shaped portion 103 is provided on the base body 110 (bottom portion 101) with one end as a fixed end and the other end as a movable end. That is, the T-shaped portion 103 is cantilevered by the base body 110.
  • the entire power generating element 1 is held (fixed) to the base body 110 using the T-shaped portion 103.
  • the T-shaped portion 103 includes a beam member 8 that functions to apply stress to the magnetostrictive rod 2 included in the power generating element 1, and a lower connecting member 51 provided at the tip of the beam member 8. Note that the configurations, operations, and effects of the beam member 8 and the lower connection member 51 will be described in detail when the power generating element 1 is described.
  • Such a T-shaped portion 103 may be formed as a separate member from the base main body 110, but is formed integrally with the base main body 110 in this embodiment. Thereby, the base 100 can be formed more easily and the bonding strength between the T-shaped portion 103 and the base main body 110 can be improved. Thereby, it can prevent suitably that the electric power generation element 1 detach
  • the base 100 is obtained by forming the slit 108 after pressing, bending or forging a single plate material.
  • the slit 108 can be formed by, for example, laser processing or cutting.
  • the T-shaped portion 103 may be fixed to the base main body 110 by, for example, welding or brazing.
  • At least the T-shaped portion 103 (beam member 8) is made of a nonmagnetic material. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the magnetic field generated in the power generation element 1 from being short-circuited.
  • nonmagnetic materials include metal materials, semiconductor materials, ceramic materials, resin materials, and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination.
  • the arrangement position and the number of the T-shaped portions 103 can be appropriately set according to the configuration and the number of the power generating elements 1 placed on the base 100.
  • the power generating element 1 is held (fixed) via the T-shaped portion 103 on the base 100 as described above.
  • the power generation element 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes two magnetostrictive rods 2 that are provided side by side to pass magnetic lines of force, a coil 3 that is arranged so that magnetic lines of force pass in the axial direction, and the base ends of the magnetostrictive rods 2.
  • a proximal end side connecting portion 4 for fixing the magnetostrictive rod 2 for fixing the magnetostrictive rod 2
  • a distal end side connecting portion 5 for fixing the distal end portions of the magnetostrictive rod 2
  • a permanent magnet 6 a provided on the proximal end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2
  • a distal end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2 A permanent magnet 6b provided on the magnet, a magnetic member 7a disposed on the permanent magnet 6a, a magnetic member 7b disposed on the permanent magnet 6b, and a beam member 8 that functions to apply stress to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the distal end (the other end) of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is displaced in a direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Stretch the. At this time, the magnetic permeability of each magnetostrictive rod 2 changes due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect, and the density of magnetic lines generated from the permanent magnets 6a and 6b and passing through each magnetostrictive bar 2 (density of magnetic lines passing through the coil 3) changes. Thus, a voltage is generated in each coil 3.
  • the power generating element 1 of the present embodiment has two magnetostrictive rods 2 provided side by side.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is made of a magnetostrictive material, and is arranged with the direction in which magnetization is likely to occur (direction of easy magnetization) as the axial direction.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 has a long flat plate shape, and passes lines of magnetic force in the axial direction thereof.
  • Such a magnetostrictive rod 2 has a substantially constant thickness (cross-sectional area) along the axial direction.
  • the average thickness of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.3 to 10 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • the average cross-sectional area of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is preferably about 0.2 to 200 mm 2 , more preferably about 0.5 to 50 mm 2 . With this configuration, it is possible to reliably pass magnetic lines of force in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the Young's modulus of the magnetostrictive material is preferably about 30 to 100 GPa, more preferably about 50 to 90 GPa, and further preferably about 60 to 80 GPa.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be expanded and contracted more greatly. For this reason, since the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be changed more greatly, the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 (coil 3) can be further improved.
  • Such a magnetostrictive material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an iron-gallium alloy, an iron-cobalt alloy, an iron-nickel alloy, and the like, and one or more of these can be used in combination. .
  • a magnetostrictive material mainly composed of an iron-gallium alloy (Young's modulus: about 70 GPa) is preferably used.
  • a magnetostrictive material whose main component is an iron-gallium alloy is easy to set in the Young's modulus range as described above.
  • the magnetostrictive material as described above preferably contains at least one of rare earth metals such as Y, Pr, Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm. Thereby, the change of the magnetic permeability of the magnetostriction stick
  • rod 2 can be enlarged more.
  • the coil 3 is wound (arranged) on the outer peripheral side of the two magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 so as to surround a portion excluding their both end portions (the base end portion 21 and the tip end portion 22) (FIG. 1 and FIG. 1). (See FIG. 3).
  • the coil 3 is configured by winding a wire 31 around the outer periphery of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Thereby, the coil 3 is arrange
  • a voltage is generated in the coil 3 based on a change in magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive rod 2, that is, a change in the density of magnetic lines of force (magnetic flux density) passing through the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • each magnetostrictive rod 2 is provided in the width direction, not in the thickness direction, the interval between them can be designed to be large. Therefore, a sufficient space for the coil 3 wound around the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be secured, and the number of turns can be increased even when the wire 31 having a relatively large cross-sectional area (wire diameter) is used.
  • a wire rod having a large wire diameter has a small resistance value (load impedance) and can efficiently flow a current, so that the voltage generated in the coil 3 can be used efficiently.
  • the voltage ⁇ generated in the coil 3 based on the change in the magnetic flux density of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is expressed by the following equation (1).
  • ⁇ N ⁇ ⁇ B / ⁇ T (1) (Where N is the number of turns of the wire 31, ⁇ B is the amount of change in magnetic flux passing through the lumen of the coil 3, and ⁇ T is the amount of change in time.)
  • the power generation element can be obtained by increasing the number of turns of the wire 31.
  • the power generation efficiency of 1 can be improved.
  • fusion function to the copper base line the wire which coat
  • the number of windings of the wire 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1000 to 10,000, and more preferably about 2000 to 9000. Thereby, the voltage generated in the coil 3 can be further increased.
  • the cross-sectional area of the wire 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 0.15 mm 2 , and more preferably about 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 to 0.08 mm 2 . Since the resistance value of such a wire 31 is sufficiently low, the current flowing through the coil 3 can be efficiently flowed to the outside by the generated voltage, and the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 can be further improved.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the wire 31 may be any shape such as a polygon such as a triangle, a square, a rectangle, and a hexagon, a circle, and an ellipse.
  • the both ends of the wire 31 which comprises the coil 3 are connected to electrical circuits, such as a radio
  • the voltage (electric power) generated in the coil 3 can be used as a power source for the electric circuit.
  • the magnetostrictive rods 2 are connected to each other by a base end side connecting portion 4 and a front end side connecting portion 5 at a base end portion 21 and a tip end portion 22 around which the coil 3 is not wound.
  • the base end side connecting portion 4 is fixed to the base 100, and a part of the members constituting the distal end side connecting portion 5 is formed integrally with the base body 110.
  • the base end side connecting portion 4 includes a lower side connecting member 41 and an upper side connecting member 42 provided on the upper side of the lower side connecting member 41.
  • the base end side connection part 4 connects these by mutually pinching the base end part 21 of each magnetostrictive rod 2 with the lower side connection member 41 and the upper side connection member 42.
  • the method for fixing each part is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include welding (laser welding, electric welding), pin press-fitting, and adhesion using an adhesive.
  • the lower connecting member 41 includes a rod-like fixing portion 411 for fixing the magnetostrictive rod 2, and rod-like leg portions 412 and leg portions 413 provided at both ends of the fixing portion 411. .
  • the leg portion 412 and the leg portion 413 are integrally formed with the fixing portion 411 so that the axial direction thereof is substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the fixing portion 411.
  • the lower connection member 41 has a horizontally long H shape in a plan view.
  • the fixing portion 411 is located further on the base end side than the base end of the beam member 8 and is disposed so as not to interfere with the displacement of the beam member 8. Further, although not shown, a convex portion that is inserted into the concave portion 105 formed in the bottom portion 101 of the base 100 is formed on the lower surface of the fixed portion 411. When assembling the power generating element 1, the lower connecting member 41 can be easily positioned with respect to the base 100 by inserting the convex portion into the concave portion 105.
  • the positioned lower connecting member 41 and the bottom 101 are fixed by welding. Thereby, compared with the case where these are mutually fixed with a screw etc., a number of parts can be reduced and an assembly man-hour can be reduced. In addition, by welding the lower connecting member 41 and the bottom 101, their joint strength can be increased. For this reason, even if the base 100 vibrates violently, the power generating element 1 can be stably held on the base 100.
  • the leg part 412 and the leg part 413 are provided in the both ends of the fixing
  • the leg portion 412 and the leg portion 413 are arranged so as to be separated from the central axis of the beam member 8 by a substantially equal distance. Thereby, the stability at the time of fixing the lower side connection member 41 to the base 100 can be improved.
  • both end portions of the fixed portion 411 are connected to the vicinity of the center in the longitudinal direction of the leg portions 412 and 413, respectively. Accordingly, the lower connecting member 41 has a space on the distal end side and a space on the proximal end side with respect to the fixing portion 411.
  • the space on the tip side of the fixing portion 411 functions so as not to interfere with the displacement of the beam member 8 of the lower connecting member 41 (as a non-interference space).
  • the space on the base end side from the fixed portion 411 functions as a magnet storage space for storing the permanent magnet 6a.
  • the constituent material of the lower connecting member 41 is preferably a material that can prevent a magnetic field loop, which will be described later, formed by the magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 and the permanent magnets 6a and 6b from being short-circuited by the lower connecting member 41. Therefore, the lower connecting member 41 is preferably made of a weak magnetic material or a nonmagnetic material. Further, from the viewpoint of more reliably preventing a short circuit of the magnetic field loop, the lower connecting member 41 is more preferably made of a nonmagnetic material.
  • an upper connecting member 42 having a strip shape (a long flat plate shape) is provided on the upper side of the lower connecting member 41.
  • the length of the upper connecting member 42 in the longitudinal direction is slightly shorter than the length of the lower connecting member 41 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the length of the upper connecting member 42 in the short direction is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 3 to 30 mm, and more preferably about 5 to 10 mm. . From the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the power generating element 1 (reducing the height), it is preferable to reduce the height (thickness) of the upper connecting member 42.
  • Two concave portions 421 formed corresponding to the base end portions 21 of the two magnetostrictive rods 2 are formed on the distal end side of the bottom surface (lower surface) of the upper connecting member 42 as described above.
  • the upper connecting member 42 and the lower connecting member 41 are fixed in a state where the base end portion 21 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is inserted into each recess 421. Thereby, the base end part 21 of each magnetostriction rod 2 is clamped by the upper side connection member 42 and the lower side connection member 41, and the magnetostriction rods 2 are connected.
  • notched portions 422 are formed by cutting out toward the inner side of the upper connecting member 42.
  • the notch 422 is fitted with the protrusion 63 of the permanent magnet 6a.
  • the upper connecting member 42 is formed with a slit 423 penetrating in the thickness direction substantially in the middle of the longitudinal direction. The action and effect of the slit 423 will be described in detail after the description of each member of the power generating element 1.
  • the base end portion 21 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be reliably fixed, and the magnetostrictive rod 2 has sufficient rigidity to apply a uniform stress, and A material having ferromagnetism capable of applying a bias magnetic field from the permanent magnet 6a to the magnetostrictive rod 2 is preferable.
  • the material having the above characteristics include pure iron (for example, JIS SUY), soft iron, carbon steel, electromagnetic steel (silicon steel), high-speed tool steel, structural steel (for example, JIS SS400), stainless steel, permalloy, and the like. These can be used, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
  • the upper connecting member 42, the lower connecting member 41, and the magnetostrictive rod 2 may be fixed by any method, but are preferably fixed by welding. Thereby, components, such as a screw, can be reduced and the joint strength of each member can be improved.
  • the distal end side connecting portion 5 includes a lower side connecting member 51 formed integrally with the distal end of the beam member 8, and an upper side connecting member 52 provided on the upper side of the lower side connecting member 51. It consists of The distal end side connecting portion 5 functions as a weight that applies an external force or vibration to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 has its proximal end as a fixed end and the distal end reciprocates in the vertical direction (the distal end is relative to the proximal end). Relative displacement).
  • the lower connecting member 51 has a strip shape (a long flat plate shape), and is provided such that its longitudinal direction is substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the beam member 8 and substantially parallel to the bottom 101 of the base 100. ing.
  • the lower connecting member 51 can be obtained by deforming the T-shaped portion 103 by, for example, pressing, bending or forging so that the lower connecting member 51 is bent with respect to the beam member 8. .
  • the angle formed by the lower connecting member 51 and the beam member 8 can be easily and arbitrarily adjusted.
  • the constituent material similar to the constituent material quoted by the lower side connection member 41 can be used for the constituent material of the lower side connection member 51.
  • an upper connecting member 52 having a strip shape (long plate shape) is provided on the upper side of the lower connecting member 51.
  • size in planar view of the upper side connection member 52 and the lower side connection member 51 is substantially equal.
  • the length of the upper connecting member 52 in the longitudinal direction may be at least long enough to cover the tip 22 of each magnetostrictive rod 2 provided side by side. Further, the length of the upper connecting member 52 in the longitudinal direction may be shorter than the length of the lower connecting member 51 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the upper connecting member 52 has a recess 521, a notch 522, and a slit 523. These functions and effects are also the same as those of the concave portion 421, the cutout portion 422, and the slit 423 of the upper connecting member 42. Further, the constituent material of the upper connecting member 52 can be the same constituent material as the constituent material mentioned in the upper connecting member 42.
  • the upper connecting member 52, the lower connecting member 51, and the magnetostrictive rod 2 may be fixed by any method, but are preferably fixed by welding. Thereby, components, such as a screw, can be reduced and the joint strength of each member can be improved.
  • Permanent magnets 6a and 6b for applying a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rod 2 are provided on the lower surface on the base end side of the upper connecting member 42 and the upper surface on the distal end side of the upper connecting member 52. 6 ”(see FIG. 4).
  • Each of the permanent magnets 6a and 6b has a long flat plate shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the permanent magnet 6 a is fixed to the lower surface on the proximal end side of the upper connecting member 42, and the permanent magnet 6 b is fixed to the upper surface on the distal end side of the upper connecting member 52.
  • the lengths of the permanent magnets 6a and 6b in the longitudinal direction are approximately the same as the lengths of the upper connecting members 42 and 52 in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, permanent magnet 6a, 6b can be fixed stably, and the enlargement more than necessary of the power generation element 1 can be prevented.
  • the length of the permanent magnets 6a, 6b in the short direction is preferably shorter than the length of each of the upper connecting members 42, 52 in the short direction, More preferably, it is about 60% of the length of 52 in the short direction. Thereby, it can weld collectively in the area
  • the permanent magnet 6a is formed on the lower surface of the upper connecting member 42 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the right back side and the first portion 61 formed on the lower surface of the upper connecting member 42 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the left front side in FIG. And a second portion 62.
  • the first portion 61 is formed with the S pole upward and the N pole downward in FIG.
  • the second portion 62 is formed with the N pole upward and the S pole downward in FIG. That is, the permanent magnet 6a has a first portion 61 magnetized in a direction (first magnetization direction) orthogonal to the direction in which the magnetostrictive rods 2 are provided, and a direction opposite to the first magnetization direction (first And a second portion 62 magnetized in the second magnetization direction).
  • the first magnetization direction and the second magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6a are substantially the same as the direction in which the other end of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is displaced (vertical direction in FIG. 1). Parallel.
  • the permanent magnet 6b is formed on a first portion 61 formed on the upper connecting member 52 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the left front side and on the upper connecting member 52 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the right rear side. And a second portion 62.
  • the first portion 61 is formed with the S pole upward and the N pole downward in FIG.
  • the second portion 62 is formed with the N pole upward and the S pole downward in FIG.
  • the permanent magnet 6b is also a dipole magnet similar to the permanent magnet 6a.
  • the permanent magnets 6a and 6b are arranged in a direction different from the direction in which the two magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 in which the magnetization directions are provided. Advantages obtained by arranging the permanent magnets 6a and 6b in this way will be described. Specifically, first, the case where each permanent magnet is arranged so that the magnetization direction is the direction in which two magnetostrictive rods are provided will be described. In such a case, in order to give a sufficient bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rod, each permanent magnet is placed between both end portions of the two magnetostrictive rods (between the base end portions 21 and 21 and between the front end portions 22 and 22). Alternatively, it is necessary to dispose between either one of the end portions.
  • the permanent magnets 6 a and 6 b are arranged on the lower surface on the proximal end side of the upper connecting member 42 and the upper surface on the distal end side of the upper connecting member 52, respectively.
  • the permanent magnet 6 a instead of disposing the permanent magnet 6 a on the lower surface of the base end side of the upper connecting member 42, the permanent magnet 6 a can be fixed to the end face of the base connecting side of the upper connecting member 42.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is sufficient for increasing the area of the contact surface between the permanent magnet 6a (6b) and the upper connecting member 42 (52). A bias magnetic field can be applied.
  • the area of the contact surface of each permanent magnet 6a, 6b with each upper coupling member 42, 52, the position and number of permanent magnets 6 can be freely designed. That is, the degree of freedom in designing the permanent magnet 6 to be used can be increased.
  • the permanent magnet 6 for example, an alnico magnet, a ferrite magnet, a neodymium magnet, a samarium cobalt magnet, or a magnet (bond magnet) formed by molding a composite material obtained by pulverizing them and kneading them into a resin material or a rubber material is used. be able to.
  • a permanent magnet 6 is preferably fixed to the upper connecting members 42 and 52 by, for example, bonding with an adhesive or the like.
  • the power generation element 1 since the permanent magnet 6b is configured to be displaced together with the upper connecting member 52, friction does not occur between the upper connecting member 52 and the permanent magnet 6b. Therefore, since the energy for displacing the upper connecting member 52 due to friction is not consumed, the power generating element 1 can generate power efficiently.
  • Magnetic members 7a and 7b are provided on the lower surface of the permanent magnet 6a and the upper surface of the permanent magnet 6b, respectively.
  • Magnetic members 7a, 7b The magnetic members 7 a and 7 b have a long flat plate shape, and the size thereof is approximately the same as that of the permanent magnet 6. As shown in FIG. 3, cutout portions 71 are formed at both ends of the magnetic members 7a and 7b in the longitudinal direction. The cutouts 71 are cut out toward the inside of the magnetic members 7a and 7b.
  • the notch 71 of the magnetic member 7a functions so as to be fitted with the protrusion 63 of the permanent magnet 6a together with the notch 422 of the upper connecting member 42.
  • the permanent magnet 6a and the magnetic member 7a can be fixed (connected) to the lower surface of the upper connecting member 42 by, for example, bonding each member by welding or an adhesive.
  • Each member (the upper connecting member 42, the permanent magnet 6a, and the magnetic member 7a) attached in this manner is positioned in a space (magnet storage space) defined by the lower connecting member 41, the upper connecting member 42, and the side portion 102b. is doing.
  • the cutout portion 71 of the magnetic member 7b functions together with the cutout portion 522 of the upper connecting member 52 so as to be fitted to the protruding portion 63 of the permanent magnet 6b.
  • the upper connecting member 52, the permanent magnet 6 b, and the magnetic member 7 b can be fixed (connected) to the upper surface of the lower connecting member 51 by, for example, bonding each member by welding or an adhesive.
  • the constituent material of the magnetic members 7a and 7b for example, the same materials as those mentioned for the upper connecting members 42 and 52 can be used.
  • FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing the flow of magnetic lines of force on the tip side of the power generation element 1 shown in FIG.
  • FIG.5 (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the flow of the magnetic force line which passes along the front end side connection part 5, the permanent magnet 6b, and the magnetic member 7b of the electric power generation element 1 shown to Fig.5 (a).
  • the left rear side in FIG. 5A and the front side in FIG. 5B are referred to as “tip side”, and the right front side in FIG. 5A and the paper side in FIG. 5B.
  • the back side is called “base end side”.
  • the upper side in FIGS. 5A and 5B is referred to as “upper” or “upper”
  • the lower side in FIGS. 5A and 5B is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
  • FIG. 1 the flow of magnetic lines of force of the entire power generating element 1 is shown.
  • the magnetic lines of force generated from the first portion 61 of the permanent magnet 6 a disposed on the base end side flow into the second portion 62 via the magnetic member 7 a and from the second portion 62.
  • the generated lines of magnetic force pass through the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the right back side in FIG. 1 (in the order of the upper coupling member 42, the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the upper coupling member 52), and the first magnetic field of the permanent magnet 6b disposed on the distal end side.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the right back side in FIG. 1 (in the order of the upper coupling member 42, the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the upper coupling member 52), and the first magnetic field of the permanent magnet 6b disposed on the distal end side.
  • the magnetic lines of force generated from the second portion 62 of the permanent magnet 6b disposed on the tip side flow into the first portion 61 via the magnetic member 7b, and the magnetic lines of force generated from the first portion 61. 1 passes through the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the left front side in FIG. 1 (in the order of the upper connecting member 52, the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the upper connecting member 42), and the first portion 61 of the permanent magnet 6a disposed on the base end side. Flow into.
  • the magnetic lines of force that pass through the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the front side of the sheet of FIG. 5A from the proximal end side to the distal end side flow into the second portion 62 via the upper connecting member 52.
  • the lines of magnetic force emitted from the second portion 62 pass in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic member 7b (see FIG. 5B) and flow into the first portion 61.
  • the lines of magnetic force generated from the first portion 61 pass through the upper connecting member 52 from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the back side of the sheet of FIG.
  • the magnetic lines of force generated from the first portion 61 of the permanent magnet 6a flow into the second portion 62 of the permanent magnet 6a via the magnetic member 7a, and the first of the permanent magnet 6a.
  • the magnetic lines of force emitted from the second portion 62 flow into the second portion 62 of the permanent magnet 6b through the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the lines of magnetic force emitted from the second portion 62 of the permanent magnet 6b flow into the first portion 61 of the permanent magnet 6b via the magnetic member 7b and are emitted from the first portion 61 of the permanent magnet 6b.
  • the generated magnetic field lines flow into the first portion 61 of the permanent magnet 6a through the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • a clockwise magnetic field loop is formed in the power generation element 1.
  • each upper coupling member 42, 52 is used to reduce the overall size of the power generation element 1 or to reduce the thickness of the power generation element 1 (to reduce the height). ) Is desirable to be small. Therefore, the surface areas of the side surfaces of the upper connecting members 42 and 52 are reduced, but the surface areas of the upper and lower surfaces of the upper connecting members 42 and 52 can be sufficiently secured. Therefore, in the power generation element 1, the plate-like permanent magnet 6 is disposed on the upper surface or the lower surface of each upper coupling member 42, 52, so that the permanent magnet 6 (the first portion 61, the second portion 62). The area of the contact surface with each upper coupling member 42, 52 can be made sufficiently large.
  • a larger bias magnetic field is applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the power generation efficiency can be improved while suppressing the size of the power generation element 1. Further, even when a ferrite magnet or the like whose characteristics such as coercive force and maximum energy product are inferior to those of the rare earth magnet is used as the permanent magnet 6, a sufficiently large bias magnetic field can be applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2. Since a ferrite magnet or the like is inexpensive, the production cost of the power generation apparatus 10 can be suppressed by using the ferrite magnet as the permanent magnet 6.
  • the area of the surface (upper surface or lower surface) of the permanent magnet 6 on the side where the upper coupling members 42 and 52 come into contact is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 10 to 300 mm 2 and about 20 to 100 mm 2 . More preferably. Furthermore, the area of the surface (upper surface or lower surface) of each of the first portion 61 and the second portion 62 of the permanent magnet 6 that comes into contact with the upper coupling members 42 and 52 is lower than the lower surface and upper side of the upper coupling member 42, respectively. The size is preferably such that it covers about half of the upper surface area of the connecting member 52.
  • the upper coupling members 42, 52, the magnetostrictive rods 2, and the lower coupling members 41, 51 do not overlap the permanent magnets 6a, 6b while applying a larger bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the joint strength of the base end side connection part 4 and the front end side connection part 5 can be improved, and the intensity
  • a member such as a screw becomes unnecessary, and the power generation efficiency can be improved while suppressing the size of the power generation element 1.
  • the beam member 8 is provided between the base end side connection part 4 and the front end side connection part 5 as described above and between the magnetostrictive rods 2.
  • the beam member 8 has a thickness of the lower connection member 41 of the base end side connection portion 4 larger than a thickness of the lower connection member 51 of the distal end side connection portion 5 (in this embodiment, It is inclined with respect to the bottom 101 by being set (substantially equal to the distance from the upper surface of the bottom 101 to the upper surface of the lower connecting member 51).
  • each magnetostrictive rod 2 is cantilevered by the base body 110 with its base end as a fixed end and its tip as a movable end. In addition, it is substantially parallel to the bottom 101 in a natural state (a state in which the magnetostrictive rod 2 is not deformed).
  • the distance between each magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is smaller at the distal end than at the proximal end in a side view in a natural state (see FIG. 4).
  • the beam member 8 and the magnetostrictive rod 2 are arranged so as not to overlap each other in a side view. Accordingly, the magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 and the beam member 8 function as opposed beams, and each magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 are moved in the same direction (upper direction in FIG. Direction or downward). At that time, stress is applied to each magnetostrictive rod 2 by the beam member 8.
  • the beam member 8 functions as a beam portion (beam member) that applies stress to the magnetostrictive rod 2 constituting the power generating element 1. For this reason, it is not necessary to prepare an independent part as a beam member, and the assembly man-hour concerning a beam member can be reduced. Furthermore, since a part of the base 100 functions as the beam member 8, the thickness of the power generation apparatus 10 (base 100 and power generation element 1) can be reduced by at least the thickness of the beam member 8, and the power generation apparatus 10 Can be reduced in height.
  • the beam members 8 are arranged between the magnetostrictive rods 2 in a plan view, that is, so that the magnetostrictive rods 2 and the beam members 8 do not overlap (see FIG. 1).
  • the width of the beam member 8 is designed to be smaller than the interval between the coils 3 wound around the outer peripheral side of each magnetostrictive rod 2. For this reason, when each magnetostrictive rod 2 displaces, these and the beam member 8 do not contact (interfere) with each other.
  • the distal end side connecting portion 5 when the distal end side connecting portion 5 is displaced (rotated) downward with respect to the proximal end side connecting portion 4, that is, the distal end is lower than the proximal end of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the beam member 8 When it is displaced toward, the beam member 8 is deformed so as to contract in the axial direction, and the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed so as to extend in the axial direction.
  • the distal end side connecting portion 5 when the distal end side connecting portion 5 is displaced (rotated) upward, that is, when the distal end is displaced upward with respect to the proximal end of the magnetostrictive rod 2, the beam member 8 is extended in the axial direction.
  • the power generating element 1 is configured such that the distance between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 (hereinafter, also referred to as “beam interval”) decreases from the base end toward the tip in a side view. Yes.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 have a beam structure (taper beam structure) in which a taper is applied from the proximal end to the distal end (see FIG. 4).
  • the rigidity in the displacement direction of the pair of beams composed of the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is smaller at the other end than at one end.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 can be smoothly displaced in the displacement direction.
  • the variation in the thickness direction of the stress generated in the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be reduced.
  • a uniform stress can be generated in the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 can be improved.
  • the angle formed between the beam member 8 and the bottom 101 is preferably about 0.5 to 10 °, and more preferably about 1 to 7 ° in the natural state. Such an angle can be easily and arbitrarily adjusted by pressing, bending or forging the T-shaped portion 103. If the angle formed between the beam member 8 and the bottom 101 is within the above range, a sufficient amount of displacement of the tip 22 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be ensured, and the distance between the lower connecting member 51 and the bottom 101 can be increased. You can get closer. Thereby, the height reduction of the electric power generating apparatus 10 can be achieved, preventing the electric power generation amount of the electric power generation element 1 falling.
  • the angle (taper angle) formed by the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is preferably about 0.5 to 10 °. More preferably, it is about 0 °. If the angle between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is within the above range, the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 on the proximal end side constitute the tapered beam structure with the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8. Can be made sufficiently small. Thereby, a uniform stress can be generated by the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the spring constant of such a beam member 8 may be different from the spring constant of each magnetostrictive rod 2, but preferably the total of the spring constants of all the magnetostrictive rods 2, that is, the spring constant of the two magnetostrictive rods 2 is used. It is preferable to have a combined value.
  • the two magnetostrictive rods 2 and the one beam member 8 function as a pair of opposed beams. Therefore, by using the beam member 8 that satisfies such conditions, the rigidity in the vertical direction can be made uniform between the beam member 8 and the two magnetostrictive rods 2. Thereby, the front end side connection part 5 can be smoothly and reliably displaced with respect to the base end side connection part 4 in the up-down direction.
  • the spring constant of the beam member 8 is preferably higher than the spring constant of the base body 110.
  • each magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 have substantially the same cross-sectional area and cross-sectional shape, their secondary moments are substantially equal. Moreover, the length of each magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is also substantially equal. Therefore, according to the above equation (2), in the power generating element 1 in which the number of components of the beam member 8 is one and the number of components of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is two, the Young's modulus of the beam member 8 is set to the value of the magnetostrictive rod 2. The Young's modulus is preferably about twice. Thereby, each beam (the beam member 8 and the two magnetostrictive rods 2) is similarly deformed (flexed) by an external force, in other words, the vertical rigidity of each beam can be balanced.
  • the Young's modulus of such a beam member 8 is preferably about 80 to 200 GPa, more preferably about 100 to 190 GPa, and further preferably about 120 to 180 GPa.
  • the beam member 8 is preferably made of a nonmagnetic material.
  • nonmagnetic materials include, but are not limited to, metal materials, semiconductor materials, ceramic materials, resin materials, and the like, and one or more of these materials can be used in combination.
  • a resin material it is preferable to add a filler in a resin material.
  • a nonmagnetic material whose main component is a metal material and a nonmagnetic material whose main component is at least one of stainless steel, beryllium copper, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, copper, and alloys containing them. More preferably, a magnetic material is used.
  • Such a beam member 8 has a substantially constant thickness (cross-sectional area).
  • the average thickness of the beam member 8 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.3 to 10 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • the average cross-sectional area of the beam member 8 is preferably about 0.2 to 200 mm 2 , and more preferably about 0.5 to 50 mm 2 .
  • the beam interval between the magnetostrictive rods 2, 2 and the beam member 8 can be freely designed. Specifically, by adjusting the size of the lower connecting member 41 constituting the base end side connecting portion 4 and the size of the lower side connecting member 51, the beam spacing on the base end side and the distal end side can be freely set. The beam interval between the magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 and the beam member 8 can be designed freely.
  • the present inventors have clarified the relationship between the beam interval of a pair of beams and the stress generated when an external force is applied to the tip of the beam. That is, from the following examination results, it is known that a substantially uniform stress is generated in each beam by reducing the beam interval.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view schematically showing a state in which an external force is applied downward to the tip of one bar (one beam) whose base end is fixed to the base.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view schematically showing a state in which an external force is applied downward to the distal ends of a pair of opposed parallel beams (parallel beams) whose base ends are fixed to the base body.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing stress (elongation stress, contraction stress) applied to a pair of parallel beams to which an external force is applied to the tip.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 The upper side in FIGS. 6 to 8 is referred to as “upper” or “upper side”, and the lower side in FIGS. 6 to 8 is referred to as “lower” or “lower side”. Further, the left side in FIGS. 6 to 8 is referred to as a “base end”, and the right side in FIGS. 6 to 8 is referred to as a “tip”.
  • each beam is deformed into a substantially S shape as shown in FIG.
  • a uniform extension stress is generated in the upper beam.
  • the extension stress A is generated in the central portion as shown in FIG.
  • a large shrinkage stress B is generated in the lower part on the side and the upper part on the tip side.
  • a uniform shrinkage stress is generated in the lower beam.
  • a contraction stress B is generated in the central portion
  • a large elongation stress A is generated in the upper portion on the proximal end side and the lower portion on the distal end side. .
  • the magnitude of the generated stress (elongation stress or contraction stress) and the amount of change in magnetic flux density have the following relationship.
  • FIG. 9 shows the applied magnetic field (H) and magnetic flux density (B) according to the generated stress in a magnetostrictive rod composed of an iron-gallium alloy (Young's modulus: about 70 GPa) as a main component. ).
  • FIG. 9A shows a state in which no stress is generated in the magnetostrictive rod
  • FIG. 9B shows a state in which a contraction stress of 90 MPa is generated in the magnetostrictive rod
  • FIG. 9C shows an extension of 90 MPa in the magnetostrictive rod.
  • a state in which stress is generated (d) shows a state in which a 50 MPa contraction stress is generated in the magnetostrictive rod
  • the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive rod in which elongational stress is generated is higher than that of the magnetostrictive rod in the state where no stress is generated. (Magnetic flux density) increases ((c) and (e)).
  • a magnetostrictive rod in which a contraction stress is generated has a lower magnetic permeability, resulting in a lower magnetic flux density passing therethrough ((b) and ( d)).
  • the amount of change in magnetic flux density passing through the magnetostrictive rod can be sufficiently increased by alternately generating an extension stress of 70 MPa and a contraction stress of 70 MPa. it can.
  • the present inventors have made the variation remaining in the thickness direction at both ends of the magnetostrictive rod 2 by making the beam interval between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 smaller at the tip than at the base end. Also found that it can be made smaller.
  • the magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 and the beam member 8 have a tapered beam structure, and the beam interval between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is reduced, as shown in FIG. It is desirable from the viewpoint of improving the power generation efficiency to approach the bending deformation behavior of a single beam.
  • the volume of the coil 3 is not limited by the beam spacing between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member are formed while the volume of the coil 3 is sufficiently increased.
  • 8 can be designed to be sufficiently small.
  • the pair of beams composed of the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 has a lower rigidity in the displacement direction from the proximal end toward the distal end. For this reason, even if a relatively small external force or vibration is applied to the distal end side connecting portion 5, the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be greatly deformed in the vertical direction, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 may be configured to apply an extension stress or a contraction stress, that is, an initial load (bias stress) by the beam member 8 in a natural state.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is given an extensional stress in a natural state.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is displaced downward more greatly than when no bias stress is applied.
  • the extensional stress generated in the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be further increased, and the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 can be further improved.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is given a contraction stress in a natural state.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is displaced more upward than when no bias stress is applied.
  • the contraction stress generated in the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be further increased, and the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 can be further improved.
  • Slits 423 and 523 penetrating in the thickness direction are formed substantially in the middle of the upper connecting members 42 and 52 in the longitudinal direction.
  • FIG. 10B shows the magnetic flux density along the longitudinal direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 when stress is applied to the power generating element 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the distal end side connecting portion 5 of the power generating element 1 shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the change of. More specifically, the graph of FIG. 10B is obtained when an extension stress of 60 MPa and a contraction stress of 60 MPa are applied to each magnetostrictive rod 2 applied to the power generating element 1 of FIGS. 1 and 10A. The relationship between the distance from the axial base end (0 mm) to the distal end side of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound and the magnetic flux density passing through the magnetostrictive rod 2 is shown.
  • the power generation element 1 of FIG. 10A is different from the power generation element 1 of FIG. 1 in that the upper connecting members 42 and 52 are divided for each magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • each upper connection member 42 and 52 of the electric power generating apparatus 10 shown to FIG. 1 and FIG. 10 (a) is respectively 7.5 mm in length from a base end to a front-end
  • the slits 423 and 523 formed in the upper connecting members 42 and 52 of the power generation element 1 shown in FIG. 1 have a width of 1.5 mm and a length in the approximate center of the upper connecting members 42 and 52, respectively. It formed so that it might be set to 6 mm.
  • the amount of change in the magnetic flux density is maximum at the approximate center (near 11 mm) of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Further, in the power generating element 1 in FIG. 10A, the change amount of the magnetic flux density is smaller on the proximal end side (near 0 mm) and the distal end side (near 22 mm) of the magnetostrictive rod 2 than on the vicinity of the center. . On the other hand, in the power generating element 1 of FIG. 1, not only near the center of the magnetostrictive rod 2 but also on the base end side and the tip end side, the amount of change in magnetic flux density is large as in the vicinity of the center.
  • the amount of change in the magnetic flux density when the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed can be made sufficiently large and uniform over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Thereby, the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 is further improved.
  • the length of the slit 423 (523) in the longitudinal direction is not particularly limited as long as it is shorter than the short side direction (length from the base end to the tip end) of the upper connecting member 42 (52), but it is 0.5 to 20 mm. Is preferably about 2 to 9 mm.
  • the width (length in the short direction) of the slit 423 (523) is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 to 5 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 mm. .
  • the value of -L S is preferably in the range of about 0.5 ⁇ 5 mm, more preferably about 1 ⁇ 3 mm.
  • FIG.11 (a) is a top view which shows typically the upper side connection member 42 (52) with which the electric power generation element 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided.
  • FIGS. 11B to 11E are plan views schematically showing other configuration examples of the upper connecting member 42 (52) included in the power generating element 1 shown in FIG.
  • a slit 423 (523) is formed in the approximate center.
  • such a slit 423 (523) may be formed so that the proximal end or the distal end of the upper connecting member 42 (52) is opened.
  • a plurality of slits may be formed in the upper connecting member 42 (52). In the upper connecting member 42 (52) shown in FIG.
  • the upper connecting member 42 (52) shown in FIG. 11 (d) has two slits formed by opening the base end and the distal end thereof, and one slit provided therebetween. ing.
  • the upper connecting member 42 (52) shown in FIG. 11 (e) has two slits formed by opening the proximal end and the distal end thereof, and three slits provided therebetween. ing. Even when the upper connecting member 42 (52) as shown in FIGS. 11 (b) to 11 (e) is used, the same effect as that of the power generating element 1 of the present embodiment can be obtained.
  • the upper connecting member 42 (52) is configured so that a pin made of a magnetic material can be inserted.
  • a pin made of a magnetic material By inserting such a pin into the upper connecting member 42 (52), the one base end 21 (the front end 22) of the two magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 to the other base end 21 ( It is possible to adjust the amount of magnetic lines of force (short circuit amount) flowing to the tip portion 22).
  • rod 2 can be adjusted.
  • the voltage generated in the coil 3 (the amount of power generated by the power generation element 1) can be adjusted as appropriate according to the purpose of use of the power generation element 1.
  • the same material as that of the upper connecting member 42 (52) can be used.
  • the base 100 to which the power generating element 1 is attached can be used as a part of the illumination switch as described above. Specifically, it can be used as a switch that is operated by a person by adding a structure for directly applying external force to the distal end side connecting portion 5 of the power generating element 1 and combining it with a wireless device. Such a switch functions without providing a power supply (external power supply) and signal line wiring.
  • a wireless switch for house lighting, a system for home security (especially a system for wirelessly detecting operation of windows and doors) Etc. can be used.
  • the power generation device 10 by applying the power generation device 10 to each switch of the vehicle, it is not necessary to provide power supply and signal wiring. For this reason, not only the number of assembling steps can be reduced, but also the weight necessary for wiring provided in the vehicle can be reduced. As a result, the weight of the vehicle can be reduced, the load on the tire, the vehicle body, and the engine can be suppressed, and the basic performance and safety can be contributed.
  • the base 100 which attaches the power generating element 1 in part
  • steam, water, fuel oil, gas (air, fuel gas, etc.) etc. move through a pipe or a duct (exhaust, Ventilation, inhalation, waste liquid, circulation). More specifically, air-conditioning ducts for large facilities, buildings, stations, and the like.
  • Other examples of the apparatus partially including the base 100 to which the power generation element 1 is attached include transport aircraft (cargo trains, automobiles, truck beds), rails (sleepers) that form tracks, highways and tunnel walls. Examples include panels, bridges, equipment such as pumps and turbines.
  • the base 100 can be used as a member constituting a part of the portable communication device by downsizing the power generating element 1.
  • the vibrations that occur in these devices are vibrations that are unnecessary for the movement of the target medium (in the case of air-conditioning ducts, gas that passes through the ducts, etc.) and may cause noise and unpleasant vibrations. It has become.
  • a part of such a device or the like is used as the base 100, and the power generation device 10 is configured by attaching the power generation element 1, thereby converting (regenerating) this unnecessary vibration (kinetic energy) as electric energy. Obtainable.
  • the power generation device 10 can be used as a power source for a sensor, a wireless device, or the like, so that it can be used for a system having the power generation device 10, a sensor, and a wireless device.
  • the illuminance, temperature, humidity, pressure, noise, etc. of the facility living space can be measured by causing the sensor to function (drive) using the electric power obtained from the power generation device 10.
  • the measured data is transmitted as detection data to an external device (server, host computer, etc.) by using the power obtained from the power generation device 10 to function (drive) the wireless device, and various control signals It can be used as a monitoring signal.
  • the power generation device 10 is also used as a system for monitoring the state of each part of the vehicle (for example, a system having the power generation device 10 and a tire pressure sensor, or a system having the power generation device 10 and a seat belt wearing detection sensor). Can do. In addition, since the power generation device 10 can convert unnecessary vibrations into electric power in this way, the power generation device 10 has an effect of reducing noise and unpleasant vibrations from a device that generates vibrations.
  • the power generation amount of the power generation apparatus 10 (power generation element 1) is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 20 to 2000 ⁇ J.
  • the power generation amount (power generation capacity) of the power generation element 1 is within the above range, for example, by combining the power generation device 10 and a wireless device, the power generation device 1 can be effectively used for the above-described home illumination wireless switch, home security system, and the like. be able to.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the power generation apparatus 10 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13A and FIG. 13B are perspective views showing a bobbin of a coil provided in the power generation apparatus 10 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B are perspective views showing a magnetostrictive rod and a coil included in the power generation apparatus 10 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14C is a perspective view showing a cross section of the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the coil 3 of FIG. 14A cut along a line BB.
  • FIG. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of the power generation device 10 shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 the upper side in FIGS. 12 to 15 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side in FIGS. 12 to 15 is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
  • the right front side in FIG. 12 and the right side in FIG. 15 are referred to as “front end side”, and the left back side in FIG. 12 and the left side in FIG. 15 are referred to as “base end side”.
  • the bobbin tip side is shown to be the right front side of the page.
  • the base end side of the bobbin is shown to be the right front side of the drawing.
  • 14 (a) and 14 (c) the magnetostrictive rod and the tip of the coil are shown to be on the right front side of the paper, and in FIG. 14 (b), the base end of the magnetostrictive rod and the coil is on the right front side of the paper. Is shown to be
  • the power generation device 10 of the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the power generation device 10 of the first embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
  • the configuration of the coil 3 is different, and the rest is the same as the power generation device 10 of the first embodiment. That is, in the power generation device 10 of the present embodiment, the coil 3 is configured by the bobbin 32 disposed so as to surround the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the outer peripheral side of the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the wire 31 wound around the bobbin 32. Has been.
  • the bobbin 32 includes a long main body portion 33 around which the wire 31 is wound, and a first flange portion 34 connected to the base end of the main body portion 33. And a second flange 35 that is connected to the tip of the main body 33.
  • the bobbin 32 may have a configuration in which the members are connected by welding or the like, but it is preferable that the members are integrally formed.
  • the main body 33 includes a pair of long side plate portions 331 and 332, a top plate portion 333 that connects the upper end portions of the pair of side plate portions 331 and 332 on the base end side, and a bottom plate that connects the lower end portions. Part 334. Note that each of the side plate portions 331 and 332, the upper plate portion 333, and the bottom plate portion 334 constituting the main body portion 33 has a flat plate shape.
  • the main body portion 33 has a square cylindrical portion defined by a pair of side plate portions 331, 332, an upper plate portion 333, and a bottom plate portion 334 on the base end side thereof.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is inserted inside.
  • the distance between the pair of side plate portions 331 and 332 is designed to be larger than the width of the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the magnetostrictive rod 2 is disposed between the pair of side plate portions 331 and 332 while being spaced apart from each other. . Further, the interval between the upper plate portion 333 and the bottom plate portion 334 is configured to be substantially equal to the thickness of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is inserted between the upper plate portion 333 and the bottom plate portion 334, whereby a part of the base end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is held between the upper plate portion 333 and the bottom plate portion 334 ( (Refer FIG.14 (c)).
  • the wire 31 is wound around the outer peripheral side of the main body portion 33 from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • a flat plate-like first flange portion 34 that is connected to the main body portion 33 (the side plate portions 331 and 332, the upper plate portion 333 and the bottom plate portion 334) is provided (FIG. 13 ( b)).
  • the 1st collar part 34 has comprised the substantially elliptical shape.
  • the first flange 34 is formed with a slit 341 through which the magnetostrictive rod 2 is inserted at a position where it is connected to the main body 33.
  • the shape of the slit 341 is formed to be substantially equal to the cross-sectional shape of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • first flange 34 Furthermore, on the upper side of the first flange 34, two protrusions 36 protruding in the proximal direction from the first flange 34 are provided at both ends in the width direction.
  • the projecting portion 36 is provided with two through holes for inserting the pins 37.
  • a portion (lower end portion 342) below the slit 341 of the first flange portion 34 abuts against the distal end surface of the fixing portion 411 of the lower connecting member 41.
  • Each protrusion 36 abuts on the tip side of the upper surface of the upper connecting member 42 (see FIG. 12).
  • the bobbin 32 is fixed to the proximal end side connecting portion 4 by inserting the pin through the through hole of the protruding portion 36.
  • the pin 37 has an amount of magnetic lines of force (short circuit amount) flowing from one base end portion 21 (tip portion 22) of the two magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 to the other base end portion 21 (tip portion 22). ) May be adjusted.
  • a flat plate-like second flange portion 35 that is connected to the main body portion 33 (side plate portions 331 and 332) is provided on the distal end side of the main body portion 33 (see FIG. 13A).
  • the 2nd collar part 35 has comprised the substantially elliptical shape.
  • the second flange 35 is formed with a substantially rectangular opening 351 through which the magnetostrictive rod 2 is inserted at a position where the main body 33 (side plate portions 331 and 332) is connected.
  • the width of the opening 351 is substantially equal to the distance between the pair of side plate portions 331 and 332, and the distance from the upper end to the lower end of the opening 351 is the length in the short direction of each side plate portion 331 (332). It is designed to be substantially equal (see FIG. 13B).
  • the lower end portion 352 of the second flange portion 35 is formed with two protruding portions 353 that protrude downward from both ends in the width direction. As shown in FIG. 15, with the power generating element 1 (bobbin 32) attached to the base 100, the lower end 352 comes into contact with the bottom 101, and the protrusion 353 is formed on the edge that defines the slit 108 of the base 100. It is configured to engage. In this state, the second flange 35 is separated from the distal end side connecting portion 5.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the bobbin 32 or the wire 31 in the displacement (vibration) direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 (vertical direction in FIG. 14C).
  • a gap is formed between the center of the bobbin 32 and the tip.
  • the gap is designed to have a size that does not cause interference between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the bobbin 32 or the wire 31 when the magnetostrictive rod 2 is displaced, that is, a size larger than the amplitude of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Therefore, the magnetostrictive rod 2 can vibrate without coming into contact with the coil 3 (the wire 31 and the bobbin 32), and energy loss due to friction between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the coil 3 can be prevented.
  • the coil 3 (the wire rod 31 and the bobbin 32) is not deformed along with the deformation.
  • a wire rod or bobbin constituting a coil is a member having a large amount of energy loss due to its deformation, that is, a large loss factor. Therefore, in the power generating element 1 of the present embodiment, generation of energy loss (structural attenuation) due to deformation of the wire 31 and the bobbin 32 of the coil 3 having a large loss coefficient is prevented. Further, in the power generation element 1, the coil 3 having a large mass is not displaced accompanying the vibration of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the mass of the coil 3 is not included as the mass of the vibration system that vibrates the magnetostrictive rod 2. Therefore, in the power generation element 1, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the vibration frequency of the magnetostrictive rod 2 (vibration system) compared to a power generation element in which the coil is displaced together with the magnetostrictive rod. Thereby, it can prevent that the variation
  • rod 2 becomes small, and can prevent the fall of electric power generation efficiency.
  • the power generation element 1 of the present embodiment it is possible to prevent energy loss due to friction between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the coil 3 and energy loss due to deformation of the coil 3 having a large loss coefficient. . Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the vibration frequency from being lowered due to the displacement of the coil 3 having a large mass. As a result, the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be efficiently deformed, and as a result, the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 can be improved.
  • the size of the gap formed in the bobbin 32 changes the length in the short direction of the pair of side plate portions 331 and 332, and changes the distance from the upper end to the lower end of the opening 351 in accordance with this change. Therefore, it can be set freely.
  • the material similar to the material quoted as a constituent material of the beam member 8 can be used, for example.
  • the power generation element 1 of the second embodiment also produces the same operations and effects as the power generation element 1 of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the power generation apparatus 10 (base is omitted) of the present invention.
  • the upper side in FIG. 16 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side in FIG. 16 is referred to as “lower” or “lower”. Further, the right rear side of the paper surface in FIG. 16 is referred to as “front end”, and the left front side of the paper surface in FIG. 16 is referred to as “base end”.
  • the power generation apparatus 10 of the third embodiment will be described focusing on differences from the power generation apparatus 10 of the first embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
  • the power generating element 1 shown in FIG. 16 includes a base end side connecting portion that connects the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 each having the coil 3 wound around the outer peripheral side thereof, and the base end portion 21 and the tip end portion 22 thereof. 4 and the front end side connecting portion 5, the yoke 9 provided together with the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8, 2 provided between the upper connecting member 42 and the yoke 9 and between the upper connecting member 52 and the yoke 9. There are two permanent magnets 6c, 6d.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 are provided side by side in the thickness direction, and the beam spacing between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is similar to that of the power generation element 1 of the first embodiment. , And is configured to become smaller from the proximal end toward the distal end.
  • magnetostrictive rod 2, the coil 3, the proximal end side connecting portion 4, the distal end side connecting portion 5 and the beam member 8 of the present embodiment can have the same configuration as that described in the first embodiment.
  • the yoke 9 has a long flat plate shape and is provided in the width direction with respect to the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8.
  • a constituent material of the yoke 9 the same material as the material mentioned in the base end side connection part 4 and the front end side connection part 5 of 1st Embodiment can be used.
  • Permanent magnets 6c and 6d are cylindrical. As a constituent material of such permanent magnets 6c and 6d, the same material as the permanent magnets 6a and 6b of the first embodiment can be used.
  • the permanent magnet 6c provided between the upper connecting member 42 and the yoke 9 is arranged with the S pole on the upper connecting member 42 side and the N pole on the yoke 9 side.
  • the permanent magnet 6d provided between the upper connecting member 52 and the yoke 9 is arranged with the S pole on the yoke 9 side and the N pole on the upper connecting member 52 side. . Thereby, a clockwise magnetic field loop is formed in the power generation element 1.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 are provided side by side in the thickness direction, so that the volume of the coil 3 wound around the magnetostrictive rod 2 is limited.
  • the beam spacing between the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 is configured to decrease from the proximal end toward the distal end. Therefore, when an external force is applied to the distal end side connecting portion 5, the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 can be smoothly displaced in the displacement direction (vertical direction), and as a result, the thickness of the stress generated in the magnetostrictive rod 2 The variation in the vertical direction can be reduced. Thereby, a uniform stress can be generated in the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the power generation efficiency of the power generation element 1 can be improved.
  • a configuration may be adopted in which the coil 3 is wound around the outer periphery of the yoke 9.
  • the magnetic flux density in the magnetostrictive rod 2 changes, the magnetic flux density that passes through the yoke 9 also changes in the same manner, so that a voltage can be generated in the coil 3 as in the power generating element 1 having the above configuration.
  • the upper connecting members 42 and 52 are increased in width (length in the longitudinal direction) and the permanent magnets 6c and 6d are increased in thickness so that the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 and the yoke are increased. Since the space
  • each member can be fixed and connected by methods such as screwing, pin press-fitting, welding, and adhesion using an adhesive, for example.
  • the power generation element 1 according to the third embodiment produces the same operations and effects as the power generation element 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • each configuration can be replaced with an arbitrary configuration that can exhibit the same function, or an arbitrary configuration can be added.
  • any configurations of the first to third embodiments can be combined.
  • One of the two permanent magnets can be omitted, and one or both of the permanent magnets can be replaced with an electromagnet.
  • the power generation device of the present invention may be configured to generate power using an external magnetic field (external magnetic field), omitting both permanent magnets.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 both have a rectangular cross-sectional shape.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the beam member 8 have a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, a square shape, or a hexagonal shape. Such a polygonal shape may be used.
  • each of the permanent magnets 6 in each of the above embodiments has a flat plate shape or a cylindrical shape, but may have a prismatic shape or a triangular prism shape.
  • the base 100 includes the beam member 8 and the lower connecting member 51 among the members constituting the power generating element 1, but the base 100 only needs to include at least the beam member 8, The lower connecting member 51 may not be provided. Further, the base 100 may include a lower connection member 41 in addition to the beam member 8 and the lower connection member 51.
  • the base holding the power generation element has at least a beam member among the members constituting the power generation element. Therefore, it is possible to provide a base that can reduce the number of parts, reduce the number of assembly steps of the power generation device and reduce the height, and a power generation device including the base. Therefore, the present invention has industrial applicability.

Landscapes

  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une base qui supporte un élément de production d'électricité, et un dispositif de production d'électricité constitué de sorte qu'il est supporté avec l'élément de production d'électricité sur la base. L'élément de production d'électricité possède : au moins une barre de magnétostriction configurée dans un matériau de magnétostriction laissant passer des lignes de force magnétique dans une direction axiale ; un organe poutre doté d'une fonction conférant une contrainte à ladite barre de magnétostriction ; et une bobine qui est disposée de manière à être traversée dans la direction axiale, et générant une tension sur la base d'une variation de sa densité. Vis-à-vis d'une première extrémité de ladite barre de magnétostriction, une seconde extrémité allonge et raccourcit ladite barre de magnétostriction par déplacement dans une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction axiale, ainsi la densité desdites lignes de force magnétique varie, et une tension est générée au niveau de ladite bobine. La base qui supporte cet élément de production d'électricité possède au moins l'organe poutre parmi les organes configurant l'élément de production d'électricité.
PCT/JP2015/054672 2014-05-23 2015-02-19 Base, et dispositif de production d'électricité Ceased WO2015178049A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-107323 2014-05-23
JP2014107323A JP2015223061A (ja) 2014-05-23 2014-05-23 ベースおよび発電装置

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WO2015178049A1 true WO2015178049A1 (fr) 2015-11-26

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN208589897U (zh) * 2018-08-03 2019-03-08 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 线性振动电机
JP7490360B2 (ja) * 2019-12-25 2024-05-27 日鉄ケミカル＆マテリアル株式会社 発電用磁歪素子および磁歪発電デバイス

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011158473A1 (fr) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 国立大学法人金沢大学 Elément de production d'énergie et appareil de production d'énergie équipé de l'élément de production d'énergie
JP2014033507A (ja) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-20 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd 発電装置
JP2014096924A (ja) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-22 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd 発電素子

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011158473A1 (fr) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 国立大学法人金沢大学 Elément de production d'énergie et appareil de production d'énergie équipé de l'élément de production d'énergie
JP2014033507A (ja) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-20 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd 発電装置
JP2014096924A (ja) * 2012-11-09 2014-05-22 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd 発電素子

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