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WO2015022886A1 - Dispositif de production d'énergie - Google Patents

Dispositif de production d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015022886A1
WO2015022886A1 PCT/JP2014/070647 JP2014070647W WO2015022886A1 WO 2015022886 A1 WO2015022886 A1 WO 2015022886A1 JP 2014070647 W JP2014070647 W JP 2014070647W WO 2015022886 A1 WO2015022886 A1 WO 2015022886A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetostrictive
magnetostrictive rod
permanent magnet
loop forming
magnetostrictive element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2014/070647
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
憲一 古河
貴之 沼宮内
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd
Publication of WO2015022886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015022886A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N35/00—Magnetostrictive devices
    • H10N35/101—Magnetostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. generators, sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power generation device.
  • This power generator includes, for example, a pair of magnetostrictive rods provided side by side, two connecting yokes that connect both ends of these magnetostrictive rods, a coil provided so as to surround the outer peripheral side of each magnetostrictive rod, and a pair of A long back yoke provided along with the magnetostrictive rod, and two permanent magnets disposed between each connecting yoke and the back yoke and applying a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rod are provided.
  • the back yoke is fixed to the connecting yoke via a permanent magnet. Thereby, a magnetic field loop passing through the magnetostrictive rod, the connecting yoke, the permanent magnet and the back yoke is formed.
  • the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field applied to the magnetostrictive rod varies in the axial direction (longitudinal direction). That is, a uniform bias magnetic field is not applied in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod. Therefore, the amount of change in magnetic flux density when the magnetostrictive rod is deformed varies in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod depending on the strength of the applied bias magnetic field. As a result, the power generation efficiency described in Patent Document 1 is poor.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power generator capable of generating power efficiently by applying a uniform bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod. is there.
  • Such an object is achieved by the present invention of the following (1) to (17).
  • (1) comprising a magnetostrictive rod made of a magnetostrictive material and passing the lines of magnetic force in the axial direction; and a coil wound around the outer periphery of the magnetostrictive bar and generating a voltage based on a change in density of the lines of magnetic force,
  • a magnetostrictive element whose portion is relatively displaceable in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod with respect to the other end; Generating the lines of magnetic force, having the magnetization direction as the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod, and having a permanent magnet attached to the magnetostrictive rod so as to be separated from the magnetostrictive element;
  • the length of the permanent magnet in the magnetizing direction is shorter than the length in the axial direction of the region where the coil of the magnetostrictive rod is wound, and the permanent magnet is in the middle of the region in the axial direction.
  • a power generator characterized by being provided
  • the power generation device further includes at least two loop forming members that are made of a magnetic material and that form a loop such that the lines of magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet return to the permanent magnet together with the magnetostrictive element.
  • the at least two loop forming members are provided on a side opposite to the first loop forming member via the first loop forming member provided on the one end side of the magnetostrictive element and the permanent magnet.
  • the permanent magnet is disposed with respect to the magnetostrictive element in a direction substantially perpendicular to a displacement direction in which the magnetostrictive element is displaced and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod.
  • the electric power generating apparatus in any one of (5).
  • Each of the first and second loop forming members is configured not to interfere with the magnetostrictive element when the one end of the magnetostrictive element is displaced with respect to the other end.
  • the first and second loop forming members are each along a displacement direction in which the bottom plate portion provided with the magnetostrictive element and the one end portion of the magnetostrictive element are displaced with respect to the other end portion.
  • the power generation device according to (8) further including at least one side plate portion erected from the bottom plate portion.
  • the at least one side plate portion includes two side plate portions that are opposed to each other via the bottom plate portion and are spaced apart from the magnetostrictive element,
  • the magnetostrictive element further includes a beam member that is provided together with the magnetostrictive rod and has a function of applying stress to the magnetostrictive rod.
  • the magnetostrictive element further includes a beam member provided together with the magnetostrictive rod and having a function of applying stress to the magnetostrictive rod, and a magnetic material, and one end of the magnetostrictive rod and the beam member.
  • the second loop forming member is screwed to the first block body to support the magnetostrictive element so that the one end portion of the magnetostrictive element is displaceable with respect to the other end portion.
  • the magnetostrictive element is further provided with the magnetostrictive rod and includes a beam member having a function of applying stress to the magnetostrictive rod, and a magnetic material, and one end of the magnetostrictive rod and the beam member.
  • the second loop forming member is formed integrally with the first block body, so that the one end portion of the magnetostrictive element supports the magnetostrictive element so as to be displaceable with respect to the other end portion.
  • the power generation device according to any one of (13).
  • a uniform bias magnetic field can be applied over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a power generation device exemplified for comparison with the power generation device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an analysis diagram analyzing the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod in the natural state in the power generator shown in FIG. 2 and the power generator shown in FIG. 3, and the magnetostrictive rod corresponding to the applied stress. It is a graph which shows intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the power generator of the present invention. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a right side view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of the power generator shown in FIG. Fig.10 (a) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided the external force upwards with respect to the electric power generating apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIG.10 (b) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided external force with respect to the electric power generating apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the power generation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG.14 (a) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided the external force upwards with respect to 4th Embodiment of the electric power generating apparatus of this invention.
  • FIG.14 (b) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided the external force downward with respect to 4th Embodiment of the electric power generating apparatus of this invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing the intensity of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod in accordance with the stress (90 MPa elongation stress or 90 MPa contraction stress) applied to the magnetostrictive rod in each of the power generators of Examples 1 to 10. is there.
  • FIG. 14 (a) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided the external force upwards with respect to 4th Embodiment of the electric power generating apparatus of this invention.
  • FIG.14 (b) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided the external force downward with respect to 4th Embodiment of the electric power generating apparatus of this invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a power generator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • the upper side in FIG. 1 and the front side in FIG. 2 are referred to as “up” or “upward”, and the lower side in FIG. 1 and the rear side in FIG. Say “down”.
  • the right front side in FIG. 1 and the left side in FIG. 2 are referred to as “tip”, and the left back side in FIG. 1 and the right side in FIG. 2 are referred to as “base ends”.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 includes a magnetostrictive element 10, a permanent magnet 6 provided side by side with the magnetostrictive element 10 so as to be separated from the magnetostrictive element 10, and a base end side of the magnetostrictive element 10.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 includes two magnetostrictive rods 2, 2 provided side by side, a coil 3 wound on the outer peripheral side (outer periphery) of each magnetostrictive rod 2, and a first end provided on the base end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • a block body 4 and a second block body 5 provided on the other end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2 are provided.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is made of a magnetostrictive material, and passes the lines of magnetic force in the axial direction.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 has a first block body 4 side (one end) as a fixed end and a second block body 5 side (the other end) as a movable end, and a direction substantially perpendicular to its axial direction (in FIG. 1). , In the vertical direction), and the magnetostrictive rod 2 expands and contracts due to this displacement. At this time, the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive rod 2 changes due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect, and the density of the magnetic lines passing through the magnetostrictive rod 2 (the density of the magnetic lines passing through the coil 3) changes, whereby a voltage is generated in the coil 3.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is made of a magnetostrictive material, and is arranged with the direction in which magnetization is likely to occur (direction of easy magnetization) as the axial direction.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 has a long flat plate shape, and passes lines of magnetic force in the axial direction thereof.
  • Such a magnetostrictive rod 2 has a substantially constant thickness (cross-sectional area) along the axial direction.
  • the average thickness of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.3 to 10 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • the average cross-sectional area of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is preferably about 0.2 to 200 mm 2 , more preferably about 0.5 to 50 mm 2 . With this configuration, it is possible to reliably pass magnetic lines of force in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the Young's modulus of the magnetostrictive material is preferably about 40 to 100 GPa, more preferably about 50 to 90 GPa, and further preferably about 60 to 80 GPa.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be expanded and contracted more greatly. For this reason, since the magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be changed more greatly, the electric power generation efficiency of the electric power generating apparatus 1 (coil 3) can be improved more.
  • Such a magnetostrictive material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an iron-gallium alloy, an iron-cobalt alloy, an iron-nickel alloy, and the like, and one or more of these can be used in combination. .
  • a magnetostrictive material mainly composed of an iron-gallium alloy (Young's modulus: about 70 GPa) is preferably used.
  • a magnetostrictive material whose main component is an iron-gallium alloy is easy to set in the Young's modulus range as described above.
  • the magnetostrictive material as described above preferably contains at least one of rare earth metals such as Y, Pr, Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm. Thereby, the change of the magnetic permeability of the magnetostriction stick
  • rod 2 can be enlarged more.
  • the coil 3 is wound (arranged) on the outer periphery of each of the magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 so as to surround the portions excluding both end portions 21 and 22 thereof.
  • the coil 3 is configured by winding a wire 31 around the outer periphery of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Thereby, the coil 3 is arrange
  • a voltage is generated in the coil 3 based on a change in magnetic permeability of the magnetostrictive rod 2, that is, a change in the density of magnetic lines of force (magnetic flux density) passing through the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • fusion function to the copper base line the wire which coat
  • the number of windings of the wire 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 100 to 500, and more preferably about 150 to 450. Thereby, the voltage generated in the coil 3 can be further increased.
  • the cross-sectional area of the wire 31 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 ⁇ 10 -4 ⁇ 0.126mm 2 mm, and more preferably 2 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ 0.03mm 2 approximately. Since the resistance value of such a wire 31 is sufficiently low, the current flowing through the coil 3 can be efficiently flowed to the outside by the generated voltage, and the power generation efficiency of the power generator 1 can be further improved.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the wire 31 may be any shape such as a polygon such as a triangle, a square, a rectangle, and a hexagon, a circle, and an ellipse.
  • a first block body 4 is fixed to the proximal end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 is fixed to the first loop forming member 7 through the first block body 4.
  • the first block body 4 functions as a fixing portion for fixing to the vibrating body that generates vibration together with a part on the base end side of the first loop forming member 7.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is cantilevered with the base end as a fixed end and the tip as a movable end. Yes.
  • the first block body 4 has a flat plate shape.
  • two upper and lower slits 41 and 42 are formed at the approximate center in the height direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 1).
  • the base end portion 21 of each magnetostrictive rod 2 is inserted and fixed with an adhesive or the like.
  • the second block body 5 is fixed to the tip side of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 is fixed to the second loop forming member 8 via the second block body 5.
  • the second block body 5 is a part that functions as a weight for applying external force and vibration to the magnetostrictive rod 2 together with the second loop forming member 8. Due to the vibration of the vibrating body, an external force or vibration in the vertical direction is applied to the second block body 5. As a result, the magnetostrictive rod 2 has its base end as a fixed end, and the tip reciprocates vertically (the tip is displaced relative to the base end).
  • the second block body 5 has a flat plate shape.
  • two upper and lower slits 51 and 52 are formed at substantially the center in the height direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 1).
  • the distal end portion 22 of each magnetostrictive rod 2 is inserted and fixed with an adhesive or the like.
  • the separation distance between the slits 51 and 52 is configured to be substantially equal to the separation distance between the slits 41 and 42 of the first block body 4.
  • the magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other in a state of being separated by a certain distance in a side view in a natural state of the power generation device 1 (a state in which no external force is applied to the magnetostrictive element 10). .
  • the end portions 21 and 22 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be reliably fixed, respectively, and uniform stress is applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having sufficient rigidity capable of imparting a magnetic field and having ferromagnetism capable of imparting a bias magnetic field from the permanent magnet 6 to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • Examples of the material having the above characteristics include pure iron (for example, JIS SUY), soft iron, carbon steel, electromagnetic steel (silicon steel), high-speed tool steel, structural steel (for example, JIS SS400), stainless steel, permalloy, and the like. These can be used, and one or more of these can be used in combination.
  • the separation distance between the slit 41 and the slit 42 of the first block body 4 is preferably about 0.3 to 10 mm, and more preferably about 0.5 to 3 mm.
  • the separation distance between the slit 51 and the slit 52 of the second block body 5 is preferably about 0.3 to 10 mm, more preferably about 0.5 to 3 mm. preferable.
  • the volume of the coil 3 wound around each magnetostrictive rod 2 is sufficiently ensured while reducing the size of the power generator 1.
  • a wire having a relatively large wire diameter can be used as the wire 31 of the coil 3, and the number of turns of the wire 31 can be increased.
  • the wire 31 having a large wire diameter has a small resistance value (load impedance)
  • the voltage generated in the coil 3 can be efficiently extracted (utilized). Further, by increasing the number of turns of the wire 31, the voltage generated in the coil 3 can be increased, and as a result, the power generation efficiency of the power generator 1 can be improved.
  • each block body 4, 5 (the length in the left-right direction of each block body 4, 5 in FIG. 1) is designed to be substantially the same as the width of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the width of each of the block bodies 4 and 5 is preferably about 1 to 20 mm, and more preferably about 2 to 10 mm.
  • the two magnetostrictive rods 2 and 2 provided side by side function as opposing beams, and each magnetostrictive rod 2 is moved in the same direction as the second block body 5 is displaced (in FIG. 1). , Upward or downward).
  • one of the two magnetostrictive rods 2 functions as a beam member that applies stress to the other magnetostrictive rod 2, and the displacement of one of the magnetostrictive rods 2 is accompanied.
  • the other magnetostrictive rod 2 generates either an extension stress or a contraction stress. Thereby, the density of the magnetic force line which passes through each magnetostrictive rod 2 changes.
  • one of the two upper and lower magnetostrictive rods 2 may be a beam member made of a material other than the magnetostrictive material.
  • a beam member only needs to have rigidity sufficient to apply stress to the magnetostrictive rod 2, and may be a nonmagnetic material.
  • what was comprised with the material which comprises each block body 4 and 5 can be used.
  • the method of fixing the end portions (base end portion 21 and tip end portion 22) of the magnetostrictive rod 2 to the slits of the respective block bodies 4 and 5 is not limited to the above-described adhesive bonding, but caulking, diffusion bonding, pins
  • press fitting, brazing, welding (laser welding, electric welding, etc.), etc. may be used.
  • the first block body 4 is connected to the base end portion of the permanent magnet 6 via the first loop forming member 7.
  • the first loop forming member 7 is fixed to the vibrating body together with the first block body 4, and the distal end portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced with respect to the proximal end portion by the vibration of the vibrating body.
  • the vibrating body to which the first loop forming member 7 and the first block body 4 are attached include various vibrating bodies such as a pump and an air conditioning duct. A specific example of the vibrating body will be described later.
  • the first loop forming member 7 is made of a magnetic material, and has a first fixing portion 71 fixed to the side surface (the lower side surface in FIG. 2) of the first block body 4, and a permanent magnet. 6, a second fixing portion 72 fixed to the end surface on the base end side, the first fixing portion 71 and the second fixing portion 72 are connected, and a connecting portion 73 having an L shape in plan view is provided. I have.
  • the first loop forming member 7 is prepared, for example, by preparing a belt-like (long plate-like) plate material, and first processing it into an L shape in plan view by pressing, bending, forging, or the like. . Then, both end portions of the plate material can be formed by bending each portion corresponding to the connecting portion 73 by about 90 ° in the L-shaped outer direction.
  • the first fixing portion 71 is fixed to the side surface on the base end side of the first block body 4 by adhesion with, for example, an adhesive.
  • the height of the first fixing portion 71 (vertical direction in FIG. 1) is substantially the same as the height of the first block body 4, and when the power generator 1 is attached to the vibrating body, for example, the first The lower surfaces of the block body 4 and the first fixing portion 71 can be fixed to the vibrating body by bonding with an adhesive or the like.
  • fixed part 71 and the 1st block body 4 is fully ensured, these joint strength can be improved, and durability of the electric power generating apparatus 1 can be improved.
  • the second fixing portion 72 is fixed to the end surface on the base end side of the permanent magnet 6 by adhesion with, for example, an adhesive.
  • the surface area (fixed surface) on the front end side of the second fixed portion 72 is configured to be larger than the surface area of the end surface of the permanent magnet 6, and the permanent magnet 6 is attached to the second fixed portion 72 over the entire end surface. It is fixed.
  • the L-shaped connecting portion 73 has one piece portion 731 connected to the distal end portion of the first fixing portion 71 and the other piece portion 732 connected to the proximal end portion of the second fixing portion 72. ing.
  • the method of fixing the first block body 4 and the first fixing portion 71, and fixing the first loop forming member 7 (first fixing portion 71) and the first block body 4 to the vibrating body is not limited to the above-described bonding using an adhesive or the like, but may be screwing, caulking, diffusion bonding, pin press-fitting, brazing, welding (laser welding, electric welding, etc.), or the like.
  • the constituent material of the first loop forming member 7 the same materials as the various magnetic materials constituting the block bodies 4 and 5 described above can be used.
  • a second loop forming member 8 is arranged on the tip side of the permanent magnet 6 (left permanent magnet 6 in FIG. 2), that is, on the side opposite to the first loop forming member 7 via the permanent magnet 6. Has been.
  • the second loop forming member 8 connects the second block body 5 and the permanent magnet 6, and is fixed to the first loop forming member 7 via the permanent magnet 6.
  • the second loop forming member 8 together with the second block body 5 functions as a weight that applies an external force or vibration to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the second loop forming member 8 is made of a magnetic material, and is fixed to the side surface (lower side surface in FIG. 2) of the second block body 5 and the tip of the permanent magnet 6.
  • a second fixing portion 82 fixed to the end face on the side, a first fixing portion 81 and the second fixing portion 82 are connected, and a connecting portion 83 having an L shape in plan view is provided.
  • Such a second loop forming member 8 is prepared, for example, as a belt-like (long plate-like) plate material, and is first formed into an L shape in plan view by pressing, bending or forging. To process. Then, both end portions of the plate material can be formed by bending each portion corresponding to the connecting portion 83 by about 90 ° in the L-shaped outer direction.
  • the first fixing portion 81 is fixed to the side surface on the distal end side of the second block body 5 by adhesion with, for example, an adhesive.
  • the height of the first fixing portion 81 (vertical direction in FIG. 1) is configured to be substantially the same as the height of the second block body 5.
  • the second fixing portion 82 is fixed to the end face on the tip side of the permanent magnet 6 by adhesion with, for example, an adhesive.
  • the surface area (fixed surface) on the front end side of the second fixed portion 82 is configured to be larger than the surface area of the end surface of the permanent magnet 6, and the permanent magnet 6 has the entire second end surface thereof. It is fixed to.
  • the L-shaped connecting portion 83 has one piece 831 connected to the base end of the first fixing portion 81 and the other piece 832 connected to the base end of the second fixing portion 82. is doing.
  • the method of fixing the second block body 5 and the first fixing portion 81 is not limited to the adhesion by the adhesive as described above, screwing, caulking, diffusion bonding, pin press fitting, brazing, Welding (laser welding, electric welding, etc.) may be used.
  • the constituent material of the second loop forming member 8 the same materials as the various magnetic materials constituting the block bodies 4 and 5 described above can be used.
  • a permanent magnet 6 is fixed between the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8 and has a cylindrical shape and applies a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • two permanent magnets 6 are arranged in series between the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8, and these are connected to each other by magnetic force, Further, it is fixed with an adhesive or the like.
  • Each permanent magnet 6 is disposed with respect to the magnetostrictive element 10 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the displacement direction in which the magnetostrictive element 10 (magnetostrictive rod 2) is displaced and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the permanent magnet 6 for example, an alnico magnet, a ferrite magnet, a neodymium magnet, a samarium cobalt magnet, or a magnet (bond magnet) formed by molding a composite material obtained by pulverizing them and kneading them into a resin material or a rubber material is used. be able to.
  • a permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the first loop forming member 7 (second fixing portion 72) on the base end side, and is fixed to the second loop forming member 8 on the tip end side.
  • a fixing method of these members for example, it can be fixed by bonding with an adhesive or the like.
  • each permanent magnet 6 has an S pole on the left side (second loop forming member 8 side) in FIG. 2 and an N pole on the right side (first loop forming member 7 side) in FIG. Are arranged. Thereby, in the electric power generating apparatus 1, the permanent magnet 6 is arrange
  • the lines of magnetic force generated by the two permanent magnets 6 are the first loop forming member 7, the magnetostrictive element 10 (the first block body 4, the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the first A counterclockwise magnetic field loop is formed which passes through the second block body 5) and the second loop forming member 8 and returns to the permanent magnet 6.
  • the permanent magnet 6 is joined to the second fixing portions 72 and 82 of the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8 at both ends thereof. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the flow of the magnetic force lines forming the magnetic field loop from being lost between the permanent magnet 6 and the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8. Thereby, the density of the magnetic force line which passes the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be made high enough, and when the magnetostrictive rod 2 deform
  • the first block body 4 and the first loop forming member 7 (mainly the first fixing portion 71) are fixed to the vibrating body.
  • the second block body 5 is displaced (rotated) upward with respect to the first block body 4 due to the vibration of the vibration body, that is, the distal end with respect to the proximal end of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Is displaced upward, the lower magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed to extend in the axial direction, and the upper magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed to contract in the axial direction.
  • the second block body 5 is displaced (rotated) downward, that is, when the distal end is displaced downward with respect to the base end of the magnetostrictive rod 2, the lower magnetostrictive rod 2 is moved in the axial direction.
  • the upper magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed so as to contract, and is deformed so as to extend in the axial direction.
  • the magnetic permeability of each magnetostrictive rod 2 changes due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect, and the density of magnetic lines passing through the magnetostrictive bar 2 (the density of magnetic lines passing through the inner cavity of the coil 3 in the axial direction) changes.
  • a voltage is generated in the coil 3.
  • the permanent magnet 6 is arranged so that the magnetization direction thereof is the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the length of the permanent magnet 6 in the magnetization direction is shorter than the length in the axial direction of the region where the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound, and the permanent magnet 6 is wound by the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2. It is provided so as to correspond to the middle of the rotated region in the axial direction.
  • the permanent magnet 6 is disposed so as to be included in the vicinity of the center of the region where the coil 3 is wound around the magnetostrictive rod 2 in a side view (see FIG. 2).
  • the lines of magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet 6 described above form a magnetic field loop that passes through the first loop forming member 7, the magnetostrictive element 10, and the second loop forming member 8, part of which is a permanent magnet. 6 exists as a leakage magnetic flux (magnetic field) around 6 to form a strong magnetic field region.
  • the strong magnetic field region of the permanent magnet 6 overlaps with the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the leakage magnetic flux in the axial direction of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound. Passes near the center (near the center in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2). That is, the leakage magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 6 is applied near the center in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 in substantially the same direction as the passing direction of the magnetic lines of force in the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • a voltage is generated in the coil 3 due to the density change of the magnetic lines of force penetrating the inner cavity of the coil 3 in the axial direction. For this reason, from the viewpoint of efficient power generation, it is not always necessary to apply a uniform bias magnetic field to the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2, and at least one entire axial direction of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound. Any configuration in which such a bias magnetic field is applied may be used.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a power generation device exemplified for comparison with the power generation device of the present invention. 3 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the rear side of the page is referred to as “lower” or “lower”. Further, the left side in FIG. 3 is referred to as “tip”, and the right side in FIG. 3 is referred to as “base end”.
  • a power generation device 200 shown in FIG. 3 is a power generation device exemplified for comparison with the power generation device 1 of the present invention.
  • the power generation apparatus 200 includes the magnetostrictive element 10 similar to that of the power generation apparatus 1 of the present invention, and further includes a long back yoke 9 provided side by side with a pair of magnetostrictive rods, the block bodies 4 and 5 and the back yoke. 9 and two permanent magnets 6 for applying a bias magnetic field to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the back yoke 9 is fixed to the block bodies 4 and 5 via permanent magnets 6.
  • the permanent magnet 6 on the base end side is arranged with the south pole on the lower side in FIG. 3 (back yoke 9 side) and the north pole on the upper side in FIG. 3 (first block body 4 side). ing. Further, the permanent magnet 6 on the tip side is arranged with the S pole on the upper side (second block body 5 side) in FIG. 3 and the N pole on the lower side in FIG. 3 (back yoke 9 side). Thereby, a counterclockwise magnetic field loop passing through the magnetostrictive element 10, the two permanent magnets 6, and the back yoke 9 is formed.
  • such a power generation apparatus 200 also has a distal end portion (second block body 5) relative to the base end portion (first block body 4) of the magnetostrictive element 10 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axial direction thereof.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 expands and contracts due to the displacement.
  • a voltage is generated in the coil 3 due to a change in density of magnetic lines of force passing through the magnetostrictive rod 2 (density of magnetic lines passing through the coil 3) due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect.
  • FIG. 4 is an analysis diagram analyzing the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod in a natural state (a state where no stress is applied to the magnetostrictive rod) in the power generator shown in FIG. 2 and the power generator shown in FIG. 4 is a graph showing the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod according to the applied stress.
  • FIG. 4 (a-1) is an analysis diagram analyzing the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 in the natural state in the power generation apparatus 200 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4A-2 is a graph showing the intensity of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 according to the stress applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2 (elongation stress of 90 MPa or contraction stress of 90 MPa).
  • FIG. 4B-1 is an analysis diagram analyzing the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 in the natural state in the power generator 1 shown in FIG. FIG.
  • each of the power generation device 1 and the power generation device 200 is a magnetostrictive rod 2 and has a length (distance from the distal end of the first block body 4 to the proximal end of the second block body 5) of 10 mm. Evaluation was performed using a magnetostrictive rod.
  • 4 (a-1) and 4 (b-1) the intensity of the applied bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is shown by the density of black and white. It shows that the difference in strength of the magnetic field is large.
  • 4 (a-2) and 4 (b-2) show the distance from the axial tip (0 mm) to the base end side of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound, and the magnetic field strength. Show the relationship.
  • each permanent magnet 6 has a magnetization direction on the side surfaces of the proximal end portion (first block body 4) and the distal end portion (second block body 5) of the magnetostrictive element 10.
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is disposed so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction. In such a configuration, the strong magnetic field region due to the leakage magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 6 is generated on the proximal end side and the distal end side of the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the leakage magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 6 is a magnetic field line passing through the magnetostrictive rod 2. Nearly perpendicular to the direction.
  • the leakage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 is not applied in the direction of passage of the magnetic lines of force in the magnetostrictive rod 2, and in the power generator 200, the vicinity of the center in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2, the proximal end side, and the distal end side
  • the difference in the intensity of the bias magnetic field increases (see FIG. 4A-1).
  • the axial center is further increased than the magnetostrictive rod 2 in the natural state (stress: 0 MPa).
  • stress 90 MPa elongation stress or 90 MPa contraction stress
  • the difference in the intensity of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is large, that is, the variation in the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field is large.
  • this variation becomes prominent when stress is applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2 and the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed. Therefore, in the power generation device 200, the amount of change in the magnetic flux density when the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed varies in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod depending on the strength of the applied bias magnetic field. As a result, in the power generation device 200, the power generation efficiency cannot be sufficiently increased.
  • the leakage magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 6 is substantially the same as the passing direction of the magnetic lines of force in the magnetostrictive rod 2 near the center in the axial direction of the region where the coil 3 is wound. Applied in the direction. Therefore, there is very little variation in the intensity of the bias magnetic field between the vicinity of the center of the magnetostrictive rod 2 in the axial direction, the proximal end side, and the distal end side, and particularly in the region where the coil 3 contributing to power generation is wound, A uniform bias magnetic field is applied over the entire area (see FIG. 4B-1).
  • the magnetostrictive rod 2 is similar to the magnetostrictive rod 2 in the natural state (stress: 0 MPa). A uniform bias magnetic field is applied over the entire axial direction (see FIG. 4B-2).
  • the bias magnetic field strength that maximizes the amount of change in the magnetic flux density in the magnetostrictive rod 2 is obtained in advance from the material characteristics of the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the bias magnetic field having the obtained strength is applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2. By configuring so, it is possible to efficiently generate power with a high power generation amount.
  • the length in the axial direction of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound is A [mm]
  • the length in the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6 in this embodiment, it is arranged in series.
  • the relationship B ⁇ A is satisfied.
  • the relationship between A and B may satisfy the above relationship, but it is particularly preferable to satisfy the relationship B ⁇ 0.6A, and more preferably satisfy the relationship 0.1A ⁇ B ⁇ 0.6A. preferable.
  • the strong magnetic field region around the permanent magnet 6 overlaps with the vicinity of the axial center of the magnetostrictive rod 2 over a wider range, and a sufficiently strong leakage magnetic flux is applied near the axial center of the magnetostrictive rod 2. can do. Therefore, a more uniform bias magnetic field can be applied over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the distance from the region where the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound to the permanent magnet 6 is X [mm]
  • the strong magnetic field region present around the permanent magnet 6 sufficiently overlaps with the vicinity of the axial center of the magnetostrictive rod 2, and a leakage flux having a sufficient strength is applied near the axial center of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Can do. Therefore, a more uniform bias magnetic field can be applied over the entire axial direction of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound.
  • the standard deviation of the intensity distribution is preferably 3000 [A / m] or less, preferably 100 to 2000 [A / m]. A / m] is more preferable.
  • a sufficiently uniform bias magnetic field is applied over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the amount of change in magnetic flux density when the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed is the axis of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Uniform throughout the direction. Thereby, in the electric power generating apparatus 1, it can generate electric power efficiently.
  • a vibrating body which attaches the electric power generating apparatus 1 it is an apparatus which moves steam, water, fuel oil, gas (air, fuel gas, etc.) etc. through a pipe or a duct (exhaust, ventilation, intake air, waste liquid, circulation), for example.
  • pipes and air conditioning ducts installed in large facilities, buildings, stations, etc.
  • transportation equipment cargo trains, automobiles, truck beds
  • rails that make up tracks rails that make up tracks (sleepers)
  • highway and tunnel wall panels bridges, pumps, turbines, etc. Examples include equipment.
  • the vibration generated in these vibrators is unnecessary for the movement of the target medium (in the case of an air conditioning duct, the gas passing through the duct), which may cause noise and unpleasant vibration. It has become.
  • the unnecessary vibration kinetic energy
  • the unnecessary vibration can be converted (regenerated) as electric energy.
  • the obtained electrical energy is used as a power source for sensors, wireless devices, etc., and the illuminance, temperature, humidity, pressure, and noise of the facility living space are measured, and the detection data is transmitted by the wireless device for various control signals and monitoring. It can be used as a signal. It can also be used as a system for monitoring the state of each part of the vehicle (for example, a tire air pressure sensor, a seat belt wearing detection sensor). Further, by converting unnecessary vibration into electric power in this way, an effect of reducing noise from the vibrating body and unpleasant vibration can be obtained.
  • a structure that is fixed to a base other than the vibrating body and directly applies external force to the tip (second block body 5) of the power generator 1 is added.
  • it can be used as a switch operated by a person by combining with a wireless device.
  • Such a switch functions without wiring the power supply and signal lines.
  • a home lighting wireless switch a home security system (especially a system that wirelessly detects the operation of windows and doors), etc. Can do.
  • the power generation device 1 by applying the power generation device 1 to each switch of the vehicle, there is no need for wiring of the power source and signal line, which not only reduces assembly man-hours but also reduces the weight required for wiring provided in the vehicle, thereby reducing the weight of the vehicle, etc. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the load on the tire, the vehicle body, and the engine and contribute to safety.
  • the power generation amount of the power generator 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 20 to 2000 ⁇ J. If the power generation amount (power generation capacity) of the power generation device 1 is within the above range, for example, by combining with a wireless device, it can be effectively used for the above-described home illumination wireless switch, home security system, and the like.
  • the two permanent magnets 6 connected in series are arrange
  • positioned the two permanent magnets 6 may be sufficient.
  • a rare earth magnet such as an alnico magnet, a neodymium magnet, or a samarium cobalt magnet having an excellent holding force and a relatively high maximum energy product is used as the permanent magnet 6, one permanent magnet is used.
  • a sufficiently strong bias magnetic field can be applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2.
  • the maximum energy product is an index indicating the magnitude of energy of the magnet, and the magnetic flux density and magnetic field in the BH demagnetization curve (B: magnetic flux density, H: magnetic field (magnetic field)) of each magnet. It is the maximum value of the product of.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • 6 is an exploded perspective view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a right side view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of the power generator shown in FIG. Fig.10 (a) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided the external force upwards with respect to the electric power generating apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIG.10 (b) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided external force with respect to the electric power generating apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 (a) and 10 (b) and the front side in FIG. 7 are referred to as “up” or “upward”
  • the lower side in FIGS. 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 (a) and 10 (b) and the back side in FIG. 7 are referred to as “lower” or “lower”.
  • 5 and FIG. 6 and the left side in FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIGS. 10A and 10B are referred to as “tip”
  • the right side in FIGS. 7, 8 and 10 (a) and 10 (b) is referred to as the “base end”.
  • the power generation device of the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the power generation device of the first embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
  • the power generation device 1 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 includes a magnetostrictive element 10, a first loop forming member 7 that supports the base end portion of the magnetostrictive element 10, a permanent magnet 6, and a first magnet via the permanent magnet 6.
  • the second loop forming member 8 provided on the opposite side of the loop forming member 7 is used, and the first loop forming member 7 is used by being fixed to a base body such as a vibrating body that generates vibration. .
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 is supported by the first loop forming member 7 so that the distal end portion thereof can be displaced with respect to the proximal end portion.
  • the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8 are made of a magnetic material, and the lines of magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet 6 are the second loop forming member 8 and the magnetostrictive element 10.
  • a loop magnetic field loop is formed so as to pass through the first loop forming member 7 and return to the permanent magnet 6.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 has a through-hole through which the first block body 4 penetrates in the width direction (left and right direction in FIG. 6) at a position separated from the slits 41 and 42 on the base end side of the slits 41 and 42. Except that 43 is formed, it has the same configuration as the magnetostrictive element 10 of the first embodiment.
  • the first block body 4 is fixed to the first loop forming member 7, whereby the magnetostrictive element 10 has a distal end portion (second block body 5) as a base end portion (first block body 4). ) In a cantilevered manner by the first loop forming member 7. Further, the first loop forming member 7 is fixed to the vibrating body, and the distal end portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced with respect to the proximal end portion by the vibration of the vibrating body. Examples of the vibration body to which the first loop forming member 7 is attached include the various vibration bodies described above.
  • Such a first loop forming member 7 is made of a magnetic material, and is provided on a base portion 74 fixed to the vibrating body and an upper surface on the base end side of the base portion 74, and accommodates the first block body 4. Part 75.
  • the base portion 74 includes a pair of projecting portions (bracket portions) 741 projecting in the lateral direction on the proximal end side (left and right direction in FIG. 6), and has a T shape in plan view.
  • the accommodating portion 75 is provided in a region between the pair of overhang portions 741 and includes a bottom plate 751 and a pair of side plates 752 erected from the bottom plate 751, and has a front (rear) view shape. It is almost U-shaped.
  • the first block body 4 is accommodated between the pair of side plates 752.
  • the housing portion 75 is fixed to the base portion 74 by, for example, welding or the like so that the bottom plate 751 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the base portion 74 on the base end side.
  • the base 74 is a member that comes into contact with the permanent magnet 6 at the tip, and is configured such that the thickness of the tip is thicker than the thickness of the portion other than the tip.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the tip portion is configured to be substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the permanent magnet 6. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the flow of the magnetic field lines forming the magnetic field loop from being lost between the permanent magnet 6 and the first loop forming member 7. Thereby, the density of the magnetic force line which passes the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be made high enough, and when the magnetostrictive rod 2 deform
  • each of the pair of overhang portions 741 is provided with a through hole 742 that penetrates in the thickness direction.
  • the first loop forming member 7 can be fixed (screwed) to the vibrating body by inserting the male screw 743 into the through hole 742 and screwing it into the vibrating body.
  • the accommodating portion 75 is configured such that the distance between the pair of side plates 752 is substantially the same as the width of the first block body 4.
  • a through hole 753 penetrating in the width direction is provided in the approximate center of each side plate 752.
  • the first block body 4 is inserted between the pair of side plates 752, the male screw 754 is inserted into the through hole 753 and the through hole 43 of the first block body 4, and the nut 755 is screwed. Accordingly, the first block body 4 is screwed to the housing portion 75, and the magnetostrictive element 10 is fixed to the first loop forming member 7.
  • the method of fixing the first loop forming member 7 to the vibrating body and the method of fixing the magnetostrictive element 10 to the first loop forming member 7 are not limited to the screwing as described above, and are bonded by an adhesive. , Crimping, diffusion bonding, pin press-fit, brazing, welding (laser welding, electric welding, etc.), etc.
  • the constituent material of the first loop forming member 7 base 74 and accommodating portion 75
  • the same materials as the various magnetic materials constituting the first loop forming member 7 of the first embodiment described above are used. it can.
  • a quadrangular prism-shaped permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the first loop forming member 7 at the distal end portion of the base 74 of the first loop forming member 7.
  • the permanent magnet 6 various magnets similar to the permanent magnet 6 in the first embodiment described above can be used.
  • Such a permanent magnet 6 is fixed to the first loop forming member 7 (base 74) on the base end side, and is fixed to the second loop forming member 8 on the tip end side.
  • As a fixing method of these members for example, it can be fixed by bonding with an adhesive or the like.
  • the permanent magnet 6 has an S pole on the right side (first loop forming member 7 side) in FIG. 8 and an N pole on the left side in FIG. 8 (second loop forming member 8 side). Has been placed. That is, the permanent magnet 6 is arranged between the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8 so that the magnetization direction of the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8 is arranged. The permanent magnet 6 is arranged so that the magnetizing direction is the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 so as to be in the arranged direction.
  • the second loop forming member 8 is disposed on the front end side of the permanent magnet 6 and is fixed to the first loop forming member 7 through the permanent magnet 6.
  • Such a second loop forming member 8 is made of a magnetic material, and is disposed so as to face the bottom plate portion 84 provided side by side with the magnetostrictive element 10 and on the front end side of the bottom plate portion 84 with the bottom plate portion 84 interposed therebetween. And a pair of side plate portions 85 erected upward.
  • the bottom plate portion 84 and the pair of side plate portions 85 each have a band shape (long plate shape), and the side plate portion 85 is configured to be thinner than the bottom plate portion 84.
  • the bottom plate portion 84 and the pair of side plate portions 85 may be connected by welding or the like, but are preferably formed integrally.
  • the bottom plate portion 84 is fixed to the permanent magnet 6 by the magnetic force at the base end portion.
  • the thickness of the base end part of the baseplate part 84 is comprised so that it may become thicker than the thickness of parts other than a base end part.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the base end portion is configured to be substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the permanent magnet 6.
  • the density of the magnetic force line which passes the magnetostrictive rod 2 can be made high enough, and when the magnetostrictive rod 2 deform
  • the distance between the pair of side plate portions 85 is designed to be larger than the width of the second block body 5, and the distal end portion (second block body 5) of the magnetostrictive element 10 is In a state of being separated from the respective side plate portions 85, they are positioned between them.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 when the distal end portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the proximal end portion (first block body 4), the magnetostrictive element 10 is configured not to come into contact therewith.
  • the tip portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is configured not to contact the bottom plate portion 84. That is, the second loop forming member 8 is configured not to interfere with the magnetostrictive element 10 when the distal end portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the proximal end portion.
  • “does not interfere with” the magnetostrictive element 10 in which the second loop forming member 8 is displaced is a configuration in which the second loop forming member 8 maintains a state completely separated from the magnetostrictive element 10 in which it is displaced.
  • the second loop forming member 8 is in contact with the displacing magnetostrictive element 10, but includes a configuration in which the displacement of the magnetostrictive element 10 is not hindered by the second loop forming member 8. It is.
  • each side plate portion 85 functions as a guide portion that guides the displacement of the second block body 5 in the vertical direction, and can be prevented from being displaced in the other direction (left-right direction). For this reason, the tip of the magnetostrictive element 10 can be reliably displaced in the vertical direction by the applied external force, and the amount of deformation can be further increased. As a result, the power generation efficiency of the power generation device 1 can be further improved.
  • the second loop forming member 8 is made of a magnetic material and is not in contact with the second block body 5, but is sufficiently close thereto. For this reason, the magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnet 6 can be transferred to the second block body 5, in other words, the bias magnetic field from the permanent magnet 6 can be applied to the second block body 5. Therefore, in the power generation device 1, as shown in FIG. 8, the lines of magnetic force generated by the permanent magnets 6 are the second loop forming member 8, the magnetostrictive element 10 (second block body 5, magnetostrictive rod 2, and first block). A clockwise magnetic field loop is formed which passes through the body 4) and the first loop forming member 7 and returns to the permanent magnet 6.
  • such a power generation device 1 has the first loop forming member 7 fixed to the casing 100 of the vibrating body by a male screw 743.
  • the second block body 5 is displaced (rotated) upward with respect to the first block body 4 by the vibration of the vibration body (see FIG. 10A), that is, the magnetostrictive rod.
  • the tip is displaced upward with respect to the base end of 2
  • the lower magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed so as to extend in the axial direction
  • the upper magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed so as to contract in the axial direction.
  • the second block body 5 is displaced (rotated) downward, that is, when the distal end is displaced downward with respect to the base end of the magnetostrictive rod 2, the lower magnetostrictive rod 2 is moved in the axial direction.
  • the upper magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed so as to contract, and is deformed so as to extend in the axial direction.
  • the magnetic permeability of each magnetostrictive rod 2 changes due to the inverse magnetostrictive effect, and the density of magnetic lines passing through the magnetostrictive bar 2 (the density of magnetic lines passing through the inner cavity of the coil 3 in the axial direction) changes.
  • a voltage is generated in the coil 3.
  • the permanent magnet 6 is arranged so that the magnetization direction thereof is the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 as in the power generation device 1 of the first embodiment described above. Further, the length of the permanent magnet 6 in the magnetization direction is shorter than the length in the axial direction of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound, and the permanent magnet 6 is wound by the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2. It is provided so as to correspond to the middle of the rotated region in the axial direction. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the permanent magnet 6 is disposed so as to be included in the vicinity of the center of the region where the coil 3 is wound around the magnetostrictive rod 2 in plan view.
  • the magnetic flux intensity is compensated by applying the leakage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 to the vicinity of the center in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 having the weakest magnetic field lines forming the magnetic field loop. Therefore, a uniform bias magnetic field can be applied over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2, and the amount of change in magnetic flux density when the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed is uniform over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2. As a result, the power generation apparatus 1 can generate power efficiently.
  • the tip portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is used as a member (permanent magnet 6, first loop forming member 7, and second loop forming member 8) that forms a loop (magnetic field loop) together with the magnetostrictive element 10.
  • a member permanent magnet 6, first loop forming member 7, and second loop forming member 8
  • the applied external force can be efficiently used for deformation of the magnetostrictive element 10 (magnetostrictive rod 2).
  • the mass of the tip portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is only the mass of the second block body 5, which is made of a material having a high specific gravity and has a relatively large mass or the second magnet 6.
  • the mass of the loop forming member 8 is not included.
  • a member having a relatively large mass is connected to the tip of the magnetostrictive element and deformed together with the tip of the magnetostrictive element, elastic energy for deforming the connected member and structural damping accompanying the deformation occur, Power generation efficiency will decrease.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 since structural attenuation due to deformation for moving members other than the second block body 5 does not occur, the magnetostrictive element 10 can be efficiently deformed by the applied external force. .
  • the tip portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 can be displaced in a non-contact state with respect to the other members without interfering with other members constituting the power generation device 1. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of energy loss such as friction generated on the contact surface due to the contact between the members due to the displacement of the tip portion of the magnetostrictive element 10.
  • the power generator 1 having such a configuration can be efficiently used for the deformation of the magnetostrictive rod 2 without losing the applied external force.
  • the power generation device 1 when a uniform bias magnetic field is applied over the entire magnetostrictive rod 2, when the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed, a uniform change in magnetic flux density occurs over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2. Excellent power generation efficiency. In addition, since the external force applied to the power generation device 1 can be used to deform the magnetostrictive rod 2 without losing it, the power generation efficiency of the power generation device 1 can be further improved.
  • the power generation amount of the power generation device 1 can be freely designed by changing the mechanical parameters of the constituent members of the magnetostrictive element 10, and the power generation device 1 having a desired power generation amount can be easily designed.
  • the 1st loop formation member 7 is being fixed to the vibrating body among the 1st loop formation member 7 and the 2nd loop formation member 8, and the 2nd loop formation member 8 is It is not fixed to the vibrating body.
  • the second loop forming member 8 it is not necessary to provide the second loop forming member 8 with a portion for fixing to the vibrating body (for example, a bracket portion corresponding to the overhanging portion 741 of the first loop forming member 7, It is not necessary to provide a portion such as a flange portion), and the structure on the front end side of the power generator 1 can be reduced (slimmed). As a result, space saving (miniaturization) of the power generator 1 can be achieved.
  • the second loop forming member 8 vibrates in the vertical direction due to the vibration of the vibrating body.
  • the natural frequency of the vibration of the second loop forming member 8 is set to the same level as the natural frequency of the vibration of the second block body 5, a resonance phenomenon similar to that of a tuning fork can be generated.
  • the electric power generating apparatus 1 it can generate
  • the second block body 5 can continue to vibrate for a long time due to the small vibration, and the power generation efficiency of the power generator 1 is increased. Can be further improved.
  • the coil of the magnetostrictive rod 2 on the lower side in FIG. 8 among the two magnetostrictive rods 2 provided side by side in a natural state (a state in which no stress is applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2).
  • A is the axial length of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound.
  • the strong magnetic field region around the permanent magnet 6 sufficiently overlaps with the vicinity of the axial center of each of the magnetostrictive rods 2 provided side by side in FIG. It is possible to apply a leakage flux with a sufficient strength. Therefore, a more uniform bias magnetic field can be applied over the entire axial direction of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound.
  • the separation distance between the pair of side plate portions 85 is designed to be larger than the width of the second block body 5, and the side plate portions 85 and the second block body 5 are separated from each other.
  • the distance between each side plate 85 and the second block body 5 is preferably about 0.01 to 0.5 mm, and more preferably about 0.03 to 0.2 mm.
  • the pair of side plate portions 85 have an overlapping area with the second block body 5 in a side view so that the magnetic field lines generated by the permanent magnet 6 can be sufficiently transferred to the second block body 5. It is preferable that the design is large. Specifically, when the side plate portion 85 and the second block body 5 of the magnetostrictive element 10 in the natural state are S 1 and the side area of the second block body 5 is S 2 in side view, , S 1 / S 2 is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.3 to 1.
  • the vibration of the vibrating body is transmitted to the members (the first loop forming member 7, the permanent magnet 6, and the second loop forming member 8) provided on the vibrating body side.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced by the vibration. That is, the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced relative to these members.
  • the constituent material of the second loop forming member 8 (the bottom plate portion 84 and the side plate portion 85), the same materials as the various magnetic materials constituting the second loop forming member 8 of the first embodiment described above are used. be able to.
  • the power generation device 1 is fixed to a base other than the vibrating body, and a force is directly applied to the front end (second block body 5) of the power generation device 1 from the outside. It can be used as a switch operated by a person by adding a structure to be given and combining with a wireless device.
  • the members (the first loop forming member 7, the permanent magnet 6, and the second loop forming member 8) provided on the vibrating body side do not move, and only the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced. That is, the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced relative to these members.
  • the pair of side plate portions 85 of the second loop forming member 8 are provided so as to face each other with the bottom plate portion 84 interposed therebetween.
  • the configuration described above is not limited as long as the bias magnetic field from the permanent magnet 6 can be sufficiently transferred.
  • either one of the pair of side plate portions 85 may be omitted, or both may be omitted.
  • the magnitude of the bias magnetic field that can be transferred to the second block body 5 can be sufficiently increased.
  • FIG. 11 below may be used as another configuration.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the power generation device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second loop forming member 8 includes a bottom plate portion 84 and a side plate portion 85 erected vertically upward from the tip portion of the bottom plate portion 84.
  • the power generation device 1 is configured such that the side plate portion 85 and the second block body 5 do not come into contact when the magnetostrictive element 10 is deformed. Therefore, even in such a configuration, the second loop forming member 8 does not interfere with the tip portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 and can obtain the same effect as the power generation device 1 of the present embodiment described above.
  • the power generation device 1 according to the second embodiment produces the same operations and effects as those of the power generation device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view of the power generator shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 the upper side in FIGS. 12 and 13 is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side in FIGS. 12 and 13 is referred to as “lower” or “lower”. Further, the left front side in FIG. 12 and the left side in FIG. 13 are referred to as “tip”, and the right back side in FIG. 12 and the right side in FIG. 13 are referred to as “base ends”.
  • the power generation device of the third embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the power generation devices of the first and second embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
  • the power generator 1 of the third embodiment is different from the power generator 1 of the second embodiment except that the configurations of the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8 are different. It is the same.
  • the first loop forming member 7 includes a base portion 74, a fixing portion 77 that fixes the base end portion 21 of each magnetostrictive rod 2, both side portions of the base portion 74, and the fixing portion 77.
  • a pair of connecting portions 76 that connect the lower end portions are provided, and these are integrally formed.
  • the base portion 74 includes a pair of protruding portions (bracket portions) 741 protruding in the short side direction (left and right direction in FIG. 12) on the distal end side.
  • the base 74, the connecting portion 76, and the fixing portion 77 constituting the first loop forming member 7 are integrally formed.
  • the first loop forming member 7 a substantially T-shaped plate material made of a magnetic material is prepared.
  • the connecting portions 76 and the fixed portions are fixed to the base portion 74 by pressing, bending, forging, or the like. It can be formed by bending the plate 77 so that the portions 77 are bent in the same direction and the fixing portions 77 are connected to each other. Since the first loop forming member 7 is formed by bending one plate material by press working or the like, the number of parts and the number of assembly steps for fixing the members can be reduced. Further, the distal end portion of the base portion 74 is also bent by press working or the like.
  • the fixing portion 77 constitutes the first block body of the magnetostrictive element 10.
  • the second loop forming member 8 is connected to the bottom plate portion 84 and the tip side of the bottom plate portion 84 from both sides thereof via the bottom plate portion 84. And a pair of side plate portions 85 provided vertically above, and in the present embodiment, these are integrally formed.
  • the second loop forming member 8 is made of a magnetic material, and a T-shaped plate material is prepared in a plan view.
  • each side plate portion 85 with respect to the bottom plate portion 84 is formed by pressing, bending, forging, or the like. Can be formed by bending the plate material in the same direction. Since the second loop forming member 8 is formed by bending one plate material by pressing or the like, the number of parts and assembly man-hours for fixing and connecting the members can be reduced.
  • the base end portion of the bottom plate portion 84 is also bent by pressing or the like.
  • the constituent materials of the plate members constituting the first loop forming member 7 and the second loop forming member 8 various materials constituting the loop forming members 7 and 8 of the first and second embodiments described above, respectively.
  • the same material as the magnetic material can be used.
  • the power generator 1 according to the third embodiment produces the same operation and effect as the power generator 1 according to the first and second embodiments.
  • FIG. 14 (a) is a diagram schematically showing a state in which an external force is applied in the upward direction to the fourth embodiment of the power generator of the present invention.
  • FIG.14 (b) is a figure which shows typically the state which provided the external force downward with respect to 4th Embodiment of the electric power generating apparatus of this invention.
  • FIGS. 14A and 14B the upper side in FIGS. 14A and 14B is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side in FIGS. 14A and 14B is referred to as “lower” or “lower”. " Further, the left side in FIGS. 14A and 14B is referred to as a “tip”, and the right side in FIGS. 14A and 14B is referred to as a “base end”.
  • the power generation device of the fourth embodiment will be described focusing on differences from the power generation devices of the first to third embodiments, and description of similar matters will be omitted.
  • the power generation device 1 of the fourth embodiment is the same as the power generation device 1 of the second embodiment except that the configuration of the first block body 4 included in the first loop forming member 7 and the magnetostrictive element 10 is different. .
  • the first block body 4 has a longer length from the distal end to the proximal end than the first block body 4 of the second embodiment described above. Except for being configured, it has the same configuration as the first block body 4 in the second embodiment.
  • the through-hole 43 is provided in the base end part vicinity of the 1st block body 4, and the length from each slit 41 and 42 to the through-hole 43 is each in 1st Embodiment. It is configured to be longer than the length from the slits 41 and 42 to the through hole 43.
  • the first loop forming member 7 is provided on the base 74, the upper surface of the base 74 on the base end side, the housing portion 75 that houses the first block body 4, and the longitudinal center of the base 74 at its center. And a pair of side plate portions 78 provided vertically from both side portions.
  • the first loop forming member 7 of the present embodiment has a length in the longitudinal direction of the base 74 longer than the base 74 of the second embodiment described above. And it has the same structure as the 1st loop formation member 7 of 2nd Embodiment except having provided a pair of side plate part 78 as mentioned above.
  • the pair of side plate portions 78 has a strip shape (long plate shape) and is configured to be thinner than the base portion 74.
  • the pair of side plate portions 78 may be connected to the base portion 74 by welding or the like, but are preferably formed integrally.
  • Such a side plate portion 78 is also made of the same material (the above-described various magnetic materials) as the base portion 74 and the accommodating portion 75.
  • the distance between such a pair of side plate portions 78 is designed to be larger than the width of the first block body 4, and the base end portion (first block body 4) of the magnetostrictive element 10 is arranged on each side plate. In a state of being separated from the portion 78, it is located between them.
  • the magnetostrictive element 10 is configured not to come into contact therewith. That is, the pair of side plate portions 78 is configured not to interfere with the magnetostrictive element 10 when the distal end portion of the magnetostrictive element 10 is displaced in the vertical direction with respect to the proximal end portion.
  • the lines of magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet 6 are the second loop forming member 8, the magnetostrictive element 10, and the pair of side plate portions 78 and base portions 74 (side plate portions) of the first loop forming member 7.
  • a clockwise magnetic field loop is formed so as to pass back to the permanent magnet 6 after passing through the front end (78). That is, in the present embodiment, the magnetic lines of force pass through the pair of side plate portions 78 instead of the accommodating portion 75 of the first loop forming member 7.
  • the second loop forming member 8 (the pair of side plate portions 85), the pair of side plate portions 78 of the first loop forming member 7, and the magnetostrictive element 10 (first block).
  • the body 4 and the second block body 5) are configured not to contact each other.
  • the magnetic resistance of the movable side (the second loop forming member 8 and the second block body 5) that forms the magnetic field loop of the power generation device 1 and the fixed side (the first loop forming member 7 and the first block 5).
  • the magnetic resistance of the block body 4) is substantially equal.
  • the balance of the magnetic flux density in the magnetic circuit which consists of the permanent magnet 6, the 2nd loop formation member 8, the magnetostrictive element 10, and the 1st loop formation member 7 becomes favorable, and the fixed side and movable side of the electric power generating apparatus 1 are
  • the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field becomes more uniform.
  • a more uniform bias magnetic field is applied across the entire magnetostrictive rod 2, so that when the magnetostrictive rod 2 is deformed, a more uniform change in magnetic flux density occurs across the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2, thereby further improving power generation efficiency.
  • the pair of side plate portions 78 of the first loop forming member 7 is of a configuration that maintains a state of being completely separated from the displacing magnetostrictive element 10 like the second loop forming member 8. Although it is in the state which contacted the magnetostrictive element 10 to displace, the structure that the displacement of the magnetostrictive element 10 is not inhibited by a pair of side-plate part 78 may be sufficient.
  • each side plate portion 78 functions as a guide portion that guides the displacement of the first block body 4 in the vertical direction, and can be prevented from being displaced in the other direction (left-right direction). For this reason, the tip of the magnetostrictive element 10 can be reliably displaced in the vertical direction by the applied external force, and the amount of deformation can be further increased. As a result, the power generation efficiency of the power generation device 1 can be further improved.
  • the power generator 1 according to the fourth embodiment produces the same operations and effects as the power generator 1 according to the first to third embodiments.
  • any configuration of the first to fourth embodiments can be combined.
  • each of the magnetostrictive rods has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, a square shape, a polygonal shape such as a hexagonal shape. There may be.
  • the shape of the permanent magnet is not limited to the above-described columnar shape or quadrangular prism shape, and may be a flat plate shape or a triangular prism shape.
  • Examples 1 to 10 In the power generation apparatus 1 having the configuration shown in FIG. 2, a neodymium magnet is used as the permanent magnet 6, and the axial length A [mm] of the region around which the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound is attached.
  • the length in the magnetic direction (the length in the arrangement direction of the two permanent magnets 6 arranged in series) B [mm], and the distance X [from the region where the coil 3 of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is wound to the permanent magnet 6 mm] was set as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below.
  • Example 11 to 13 In the power generator 1 having the configuration shown in FIG. 2, ferrite magnets were used as the permanent magnets 6 and the above A [mm], B [mm], and X [mm] were set as shown in Table 3 below. In the power generators of Examples 11 to 13, the surface area of the end surface of the permanent magnet 6 was configured to be about three times the surface area of the end surface of the permanent magnet 6 in Examples 1 to 10.
  • 15 and 16 show the intensity of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 according to the stress (90 MPa elongation stress or 90 MPa contraction stress) applied to the magnetostrictive rod 2 in the power generation apparatus of each example. It is a graph. Tables 1 to 3 show the standard deviation ⁇ [A / m] of the intensity distribution of the bias magnetic field in the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 shown in each graph and the power generation amount of the power generator of each example.
  • the axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod 2 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 6 so as to satisfy the relationship of B ⁇ 0.6A. It can be seen that a more uniform bias field is applied throughout. Therefore, in Examples 1 to 4 that satisfy the above relationship, compared with Example 5 that does not satisfy the above relationship, the power generation efficiency is higher and the power generation amount can be sufficiently increased. The same can be said from the comparison between Examples 6 to 9 and Example 10 and the comparison between Examples 11 and 12 and Example 13.
  • a uniform bias magnetic field can be applied over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod.
  • the amount of change in the magnetic flux density when the magnetostrictive rod is deformed is uniform over the entire axial direction of the magnetostrictive rod, and as a result, the power generation efficiency of the power generator can be improved. Therefore, the present invention has industrial applicability.

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  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de production d'énergie (1) qui comprend un magnétostricteur (10) et un aimant permanent (6) placé au voisinage et à distance du magnétostricteur (10), l'aimant permanent (6) étant disposé de telle sorte que sa direction de magnétisation coïncide avec la direction axiale d'une tige magnétostrictive (2). La longueur dans la direction de magnétisation de l'aimant permanent (6) est plus courte que la longueur dans la direction axiale d'une région où est enroulée la bobine (3) de la tige magnétostrictive (2), et l'aimant permanent (6) est agencé de sorte à correspondre au milieu dans la direction axiale de la région où est enroulée la bobine (3) de la tige magnétostrictive (2). Lorsque la longueur dans la direction axiale de la région où est enroulée la bobine (3) de la tige magnétostrictive (2), est représentée par A [en mm] et que la longueur dans la direction de magnétisation de l'aimant permanent (6) est représentée par B [en mm], il est préférable que le dispositif de production d'énergie (1) soit construit de sorte à satisfaire la relation selon laquelle B ≤ 0,6 A.
PCT/JP2014/070647 2013-08-14 2014-08-05 Dispositif de production d'énergie Ceased WO2015022886A1 (fr)

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JP2013168735A JP2015037372A (ja) 2013-08-14 2013-08-14 発電装置
JP2013-168735 2013-08-14

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110707894A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-17 南京理工大学 基于多种磁相变合金的振动能量收集器

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009290923A (ja) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-10 Tdk Corp 磁歪アクチュエータ
WO2011158473A1 (fr) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 国立大学法人金沢大学 Elément de production d'énergie et appareil de production d'énergie équipé de l'élément de production d'énergie

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009290923A (ja) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-10 Tdk Corp 磁歪アクチュエータ
WO2011158473A1 (fr) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 国立大学法人金沢大学 Elément de production d'énergie et appareil de production d'énergie équipé de l'élément de production d'énergie

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110707894A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-17 南京理工大学 基于多种磁相变合金的振动能量收集器
CN110707894B (zh) * 2019-10-31 2021-10-15 南京理工大学 基于多种磁相变合金的振动能量收集器

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