WO2015141151A1 - 有機発光素子に含まれる機能層を形成するための溶液、および、有機発光素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
有機発光素子に含まれる機能層を形成するための溶液、および、有機発光素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
- H10K71/15—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating characterised by the solvent used
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to physical properties of a solution for forming a functional layer included in an organic light emitting device.
- An organic light-emitting element is a light-emitting element using an electroluminescence phenomenon of an organic material, and includes a pair of electrodes composed of an anode and a cathode, and a light-emitting layer sandwiched between the electrodes.
- a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, or a hole injection / transport layer is interposed between the anode and the light emitting layer, and between the cathode and the light emitting layer, if necessary.
- An electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, or an electron injection / transport layer is interposed.
- the light emitting layer, hole injection layer, hole transport layer, hole injection / transport layer, electron injection layer, electron transport layer, and electron injection / transport layer each perform their own functions such as light emission, charge injection and transport. These layers are collectively referred to as “functional layers”.
- organic light emitting elements correspond to RGB sub-pixels, and adjacent RGB sub-pixels are combined to form one pixel, and the pixels are arranged in a matrix. An image display area is formed.
- the length of one side of each pixel is required to be formed with a minute size of about 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the functional layer in each element needs to be set as thin as several tens to several hundreds nm.
- the light emitting characteristics of the organic light emitting element are sensitive to the film thickness of the functional layer, it is required to form the functional layer flat when the functional layer is formed by a wet method.
- the film thickness at the end of the functional layer becomes thicker than the film thickness at the central part, or the film thickness at the end of the functional layer becomes thinner than the film thickness at the central part. In some cases, it is difficult to ensure the flatness of the functional layer.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a solution capable of reducing a difference in film thickness between an end portion and a central portion of a functional layer, and a method for manufacturing an organic light emitting element.
- the solution according to one embodiment of the present invention is a solution for forming a functional layer included in the organic light emitting element.
- the solution includes a functional material constituting the functional layer and a solvent.
- the solvent includes a high boiling point solvent composed of one or more solvent components having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the high boiling point solvent has a viscosity of 13 mPa ⁇ s to 25 mPa ⁇ s and a surface tension of 33 mN / m to 37 mN / m.
- (A)-(c) is a schematic diagram showing a drying process of a solution when a functional layer is formed by a wet method. Diagram showing boiling point, vapor pressure, viscosity and surface tension of each solvent component (A) is a plan view of the substrate used in the experiment, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA.
- (A) is a schematic diagram when the shape of the functional layer is flat
- (b) is a schematic diagram when the shape of the functional layer is convex
- (c) is a diagram when the shape of the functional layer is concave.
- Pattern diagram The figure which shows an example of the photograph of the functional layer formed using each solvent, and the evaluation result of the shape of the functional layer Figure showing the results of evaluating the shape of the functional layer, the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent in the solution, and the surface tension of the high boiling point solvent in the solution A graph plotting the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent and the surface tension of the high boiling point solvent for each solvent
- the figure which shows the plane shape and cross-sectional shape of the functional layer for every solvent A graph plotting the ratio of the high-viscosity solvent occupying the high-boiling solvent of each solvent and the flat area of the flat area in the light-emitting area Graph showing the dependence of functional material concentration in solution on solution viscosity FIGS.
- FIG. 4A to 4G are cross-sectional views for explaining a method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting element.
- the perspective view which shows an example of the shape of a partition layer The perspective view which shows another example of the shape of a partition layer (A)-(c) is a schematic diagram showing the drying process of the solution when the partition layer of FIG. 13 is used.
- Functional block diagram of organic display device A perspective view illustrating the appearance of an organic display device
- FIG. 1 shows a drying process of a solution when a functional layer is formed by a wet method.
- the solution 13 includes a functional material constituting the functional layer and a solvent for dissolving or dispersing the functional material.
- the solution 13 is applied to the region partitioned by the partition wall 12 on the substrate 11 (FIG. 1A).
- the applied solution 13 has a shape in which the central portion swells due to the surface tension of the solution 13.
- the solvent in the solution 13 gradually evaporates from the surface of the solution 13.
- the evaporation rate of the solvent at the end of the solution 13 is larger than the evaporation rate of the solvent at the center. This is because the evaporated solvent is difficult to escape over the central part and the vapor pressure of the solvent is easily maintained high, whereas the evaporated solvent easily escapes to the surroundings and tends to lower the solvent vapor pressure over the edge.
- a solution flow 14 is generated in the direction from the central portion to the end portion in the surface layer portion of the solution 13, and accordingly, in the deep layer portion of the solution 13, the solution flows in the direction from the end portion to the central portion.
- Stream 15 is generated.
- the amount of the solution 13 gradually decreases (FIG. 1B), and the concentration of the functional material increases accordingly.
- all the solvent in the solution 13 evaporates to form the functional layer 16 made of a functional material (FIG. 1C).
- the shape of the functional layer 16 is more dependent on the shape of the solution at the end (FIG. 1 (b)) and the behavior of the functional material in the solution than at the beginning of the drying process of the solution 13 (FIG. 1 (a)). Conceivable.
- the inventors appropriately set parameters that determine the shape of the solution 13 and the behavior of the functional material at the end of the drying process of the solution 13 in order to reduce the film thickness difference between the end and the center of the functional layer 16. I thought it should be adjusted. Furthermore, the inventors paid attention to the viscosity and surface tension of a high-boiling solvent having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher as these parameters.
- the high boiling point solvent is focused on because the physical properties of the solution 13 at the end of the drying process of the solution are considered to largely depend on the physical properties of the high boiling point solvent.
- the solution 13 includes a high-boiling solvent and a low-boiling solvent
- the low-boiling solvent evaporates before the high-boiling solvent in the drying process of the solution 13, and a large amount of the high-boiling solvent remains at the end of the drying process of the solution 13. Will do.
- the solution 13 includes a high boiling point solvent and does not include a low boiling point solvent, only the high boiling point solvent exists at the beginning and the end of the drying process of the solution 13.
- the solution 13 contains a high boiling point solvent
- the physical properties of the solution 13 at the end of the drying process of the solution 13 largely depend on the physical properties of the high boiling point solvent.
- the reason for focusing on viscosity and surface tension among the physical properties of high-boiling solvents is that viscosity affects the behavior of functional materials in solution, and surface tension is thought to affect the shape of the solution. is there.
- the inventors selected one or a plurality of solvent components, and obtained a plurality of solvents by mixing the selected solvent components in one or a plurality of volume ratios. And the functional layer 16 was formed using each solvent, and the shape of each functional layer 16 was observed. As a result, it has been found that if the viscosity and surface tension of the high-boiling solvent contained in the solution are within a specific range, the film thickness difference between the end portion and the central portion of the functional layer 16 can be reduced.
- a solution according to one aspect of the present invention includes a functional material that constitutes a functional layer included in an organic light-emitting element, and a solvent.
- the solvent includes a high boiling point solvent composed of one or more solvent components having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the high boiling point solvent has a viscosity of 13 mPa ⁇ s to 25 mPa ⁇ s and a surface tension of 33 mN / m to 37 mN / m.
- the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent was calculated by calculating the product of the volume ratio of the solvent component and the viscosity of the solvent component at room temperature for each solvent component. It is obtained by adding the product of each solvent component.
- the surface tension of the high boiling point solvent is obtained by calculating the product of the volume ratio of the solvent component and the surface tension of the solvent component at room temperature for each solvent component, and adding the calculated product of each solvent component. It is done.
- the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent may be greater than 15 mPa ⁇ s.
- At least one of the one or more solvent components constituting the high boiling point solvent is a high viscosity solvent having a viscosity of 20 mPa ⁇ s or more, and the proportion of the high viscosity solvent in the high boiling point solvent is 35 vol% or more. It is good as well. Thereby, the ratio of the flat area
- the ratio of the high viscosity solvent to the high boiling point solvent may be 50 vol% or more. Thereby, the ratio of the flat area
- the solvent may further include a low boiling point solvent composed of one or a plurality of solvent components having a boiling point of less than 200 ° C.
- the viscosity of the solution may be 5 mPa ⁇ s or more and 15 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the viscosity of the solution has an appropriate range from the viewpoint of ease of application.
- the viscosity of the high-boiling solvent is determined from the viewpoint of the flatness of the shape of the functional layer, and thus the viscosity of the solution may deviate from a range suitable for application. Therefore, the viscosity of the solution may be adjusted to an appropriate range by including a low boiling point solvent in the solution.
- one or more solvent components constituting the low boiling point solvent may have a boiling point higher than 160 ° C. As a result, it is possible to prevent a situation in which a part of the low boiling point solvent evaporates before application of the solution and the concentration of the solution and the solvent composition ratio change.
- the solvent may further include a low-boiling solvent composed of one or more solvent components having a boiling point of less than 200 ° C., and the proportion of the high-boiling solvent in the solvent may be 80% or less.
- the proportion of the high boiling point solvent in the solvent may be 60% or less.
- the method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting element of one embodiment of the present invention functions by forming a first electrode, applying a solution containing a functional material and a solvent above the first electrode, and drying the applied solution.
- a functional layer made of a functional material is formed above the first electrode, and a second electrode is formed above the functional layer.
- the solvent includes a high boiling point solvent composed of one or a plurality of solvent components having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the high boiling point solvent has a viscosity of 13 mPa ⁇ s to 25 mPa ⁇ s and a surface tension of 33 mN / m to 37 mN / m.
- the film thickness difference between the end portion and the central portion of the functional layer can be reduced, and as a result, good light emission characteristics of the organic light emitting device can be obtained.
- the solution contains a functional material.
- the functional material is a material constituting the functional layer included in the organic light emitting element.
- the functional layer is, for example, a light emitting layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole injection / transport layer, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection / transport layer.
- Examples of the material for the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, and the hole injection / transport layer include triazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives and pyrazolone derivatives described in Patent Document 2, phenylenediamine Derivatives, arylamine derivatives, amino-substituted chalcone derivatives, oxazole derivatives, styrylanthracene derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, stilbene derivatives, polyphyrin compounds, aromatic tertiary amine compounds and styrylamine compounds, butadiene compounds, polystyrene derivatives, hydrazone derivatives , Triphenylmethane derivatives, and tetraphenylbenzine derivatives.
- Examples of the material for the light emitting layer include the oxinoid compound, perylene compound, coumarin compound, azacoumarin compound, oxazole compound, oxadiazole compound, perinone compound, pyrrolopyrrole compound, naphthalene compound, anthracene compound, and fluorene compound described in Patent Document 2.
- Examples of the material for the electron injection layer, the electron transport layer, and the electron injection / transport layer include, for example, a nitro-substituted fluorenone derivative, a thiopyrandioxide derivative, a difequinone derivative, a perylenetetracarboxyl derivative, and an anthraquinodimethane derivative described in Patent Document 2.
- Fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, anthrone derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, perinone derivatives, and quinoline complex derivatives can be used.
- the solution contains a solvent in addition to the functional material.
- the solvent includes a high boiling point solvent, and optionally includes a low boiling point solvent.
- the boundary between the high boiling point and the low boiling point is set to 200 ° C. for convenience.
- the high boiling point solvent is composed of one or more solvent components having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the low boiling point solvent is composed of one or more solvent components having a boiling point of less than 200 ° C.
- At least one of one or a plurality of solvent components constituting the high boiling point solvent is used as a high viscosity solvent.
- the boundary between high viscosity and low viscosity is 20 mPa ⁇ s.
- the solvent component examples include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, butanol, isobutyl alcohol, and sec-butyl alcohol.
- Tert-butyl alcohol Tert-Butyl Alcohol
- ethylene glycol Ethylene Glycol
- 1,2-dimethoxyethane diethyl ether
- Diethyl Ether diisopropyl ether
- acetic acid Acetic Acid, Ethyl ⁇ ⁇ Acetate
- Acetic anhydride Acetic Anhydride
- Tetrahydrofuran 1,4-Dioxane
- Acetone Ethyl methyl ketone
- Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Dichloromethane, 1,2-Dichloroethane, Benzene, Toluene, Xylene, Cyclohexane, Pentane,
- the inventors prepared the solvent shown in FIG. 2 as the solvent component.
- FIG. 2 shows the boiling point, vapor pressure, viscosity, and surface tension of each solvent component.
- the inventors select one or a plurality of solvent components from among these solvent components, and mix the selected solvent components at an appropriate volume ratio, so that the solvents A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H were obtained.
- FIG. 3A shows a plan view of the substrate used in the experiment
- FIG. 3B shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA.
- the partition wall 12 surrounds a region where the functional layer of the glass substrate 11 is formed.
- the width in the longitudinal direction of the region partitioned by the partition 12 is about 254 ⁇ m, and the width in the short direction is about 60 ⁇ m.
- the target film thickness of the functional layer 16 is set to 30 nm.
- the inventors further classified the shape of the formed functional layer into “flat”, “convex” or “concave”.
- a method for classifying the shape of the functional layer will be described with reference to FIG. 4A shows flatness, FIG. 4B shows a convex shape, and FIG. 4C shows a concave shape.
- the position where the height of the upper surface of the functional layer 16 from the substrate 11 is 200 nm is defined as the reference position.
- the reference position In the cross section of FIG. 4A, there are two reference positions. The region sandwiched between these reference positions is defined as the light emitting region of the functional layer 16. The position of the center of the light emitting region of the functional layer 16 is defined as the central portion C of the functional layer 16. Further, the positions near the central portion C by 12.5% of the width of the light emitting region of the functional layer 16 from the respective reference positions are defined as the end portion L and the end portion R of the functional layer 16, respectively.
- the thickness of the central portion C of the functional layer 16 is d C
- the thickness of the end portion L is d L
- the thickness of the end portion R is d R.
- ⁇ d is calculated using the following formula, and the shape of the functional layer 16 is classified using the film thickness difference ⁇ d.
- ⁇ d (d L + d R ) / 2 ⁇ d C “Flat” means that the absolute value of the film thickness difference ⁇ d is 20% or less of the film thickness d C of the central portion C.
- the “convex shape” is a case where the absolute value of the film thickness difference ⁇ d is larger than 20% of the film thickness d C of the central portion C and the film thickness difference ⁇ d is negative.
- the “concave shape” is a case where the absolute value of the film thickness difference ⁇ d is larger than 20% of the film thickness d C of the central portion C and the film thickness difference ⁇ d is positive.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a photograph of a functional layer formed using each solvent and an evaluation result of the shape of the functional layer.
- FIG. 6 shows the evaluation results of the shape of the functional layer, the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent in the solution, and the surface tension of the high boiling point solvent in the solution.
- FIG. 7 shows the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent and the high boiling point solvent in each solvent. The graph which plotted surface tension is shown.
- the shape of the functional layer became flat. From this, in order to flatten the shape of the functional layer, the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent in the solution is 13 mPa ⁇ s to 25 mPa ⁇ s, and the surface tension of the high boiling point solvent in the solution is 33 mN / m to 37 mN / s. It can be seen that it should be less than m. Further, since the higher the boiling point of the solvent, the higher the tendency of the flattening, the more preferable the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent in the solution is greater than 15 mPa ⁇ s.
- the lower limit of the surface tension range of the high boiling point solvent in the solution may be 34 mN / m instead of 33 mN / m.
- the upper limit of the surface tension range of the high-boiling solvent in the solution may be 36 mN / m instead of 37 mN / m.
- the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent in the solution to 25 mPa ⁇ s or less, it can be suitably used for an ink jet method.
- FIG. 8 shows the planar shape and cross-sectional shape of the functional layer for each solvent.
- the scale of the planar image is common to each solvent.
- the scale of the cross-sectional image is common to each solvent. According to this, the group including the solvents D, F, and G (the shape of the functional layer is flat in FIG. 7) and the group including the solvents A, B, C, and E (the shape of the functional layer is convex or concave in FIG.
- the shape of the functional layer is different.
- a so-called coffee stain phenomenon occurs, and in the group including the solvents A, B, C, and E, the coffee stain phenomenon does not occur.
- the cause of these differences is considered to be due to the proportion of the high boiling point solvent in the solvent.
- the proportion of the high boiling point solvent is 33% for solvent A, 33% for solvent B, 60% for solvent C, 100% for solvent D, 53% for solvent E, 83% for solvent F, and 83% for solvent G. . If the ratio of the high boiling point solvent is large, convection is likely to occur during the drying process of the solution, and as a result, the coffee stain phenomenon is considered to occur.
- the viscosity and surface tension of the high-boiling solvent are about the same as those of the group containing the solvents D, F, and G (13 mPa ⁇ s to 25 mPa ⁇ s, 33 mN / m to 37 mN / m), and higher. It is preferable to lower the boiling point solvent ratio than the group containing the solvents D, F and G (80% or less). Furthermore, it may be lowered to the same level as the solvents A, B, C and E (60% or less). Thereby, a better film shape can be obtained. In addition, the ratio of the high boiling point solvent can be easily lowered by the addition of the low boiling point solvent.
- the inventors prepared a plurality of solvents, formed a functional layer using each solvent, and examined a ratio of a flat region in a light emitting region of the formed functional layer.
- the flat region is the length of a region where the functional layer thickness falls within a range of ⁇ 20% from the target film thickness (30 nm in this example).
- FIG. 9 is a graph plotting the ratio of the high-viscosity solvent occupying the high boiling point solvent of each solvent and the flat area of the flat area occupying the light-emitting area.
- the proportion of the high-viscosity solvent is 0 vol%
- the proportion of the flat region in the light emitting region is distributed in the range of 40% to 60%.
- the proportion of the flat region in the light emitting region is distributed in the range of 60% to 70%.
- the proportion of the flat region in the light emitting region is distributed in the range of 75% to 85%.
- the solvent group in which the proportion of the high-viscosity solvent is around 35 vol% has a larger proportion of the flat region in the light emitting region than the solvent group in which the proportion of the high-viscosity solvent is 0 vol%.
- the proportion of the flat region in the light emitting region is further large, which is about 75% to 85%. Therefore, the flatness of the functional layer can be improved by setting the proportion of the high viscosity solvent in the high boiling point solvent to 35 vol% or more.
- the ratio of the high viscosity solvent is more preferably 50 vol% or more.
- FIG. 10 shows the dependence of the concentration of the functional material in the solution on the viscosity of the solution.
- Four types of solutions with different functional materials were prepared using a common solvent, and the change in the viscosity of the solution when the concentration of the functional material in the solution was varied for each solution was measured. According to this, it turns out that the viscosity of a solution becomes large, so that the density
- the ratio of the change in the viscosity of the solution to the change in the concentration of the functional material is smaller than in the case of the high molecular material.
- the concentration of the functional material increases as the solvent evaporates during the drying of the solution.
- FIG. 10 shows that the viscosity of the solution increases as the concentration of the functional material increases in the course of drying the solution.
- the viscosity of the solution is increased, the flow of the solution is weakened, and the influence on the behavior of the functional material is reduced.
- the ratio of the change in the viscosity of the solution with respect to the change in the concentration of the functional material is smaller than in the case of the high molecular material.
- the functional material when the functional material is a polymer material, the flow of the solution tends to be weak, and the influence on the behavior of the functional material is small.
- the functional material when the functional material is a low molecular material, the flow of the solution is difficult to weaken, and the influence on the behavior of the functional material is great. In other words, it can be said that flattening the shape of the functional layer is difficult when the functional material is a high molecular material or a low molecular material, but is particularly difficult when the functional material is a low molecular material.
- the low molecular weight material refers to a material for which the Mark-Houwink-Sakurada equation does not hold. The molecular weight is several thousand or less.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a method for manufacturing an organic light emitting device.
- the substrate 101 is prepared, and the first electrode 102 is formed on the substrate 101 (FIG. 11A).
- the partition layer 103 is formed on the substrate 101 (FIG. 11B).
- the partition layer 103 is electrically insulating and has an opening above the first electrode 102. A portion around the opening of the partition layer 103 functions as a partition.
- FIG. 12 shows the shape of the partition wall layer 103.
- the solution 104 is applied to the region partitioned by the partition layer 103 above the first electrode.
- the solution 104 includes a functional material and a solvent.
- the functional material will be described as a material for forming the hole injection / transport layer.
- the solvent includes a high boiling point solvent composed of one or more solvent components having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the high boiling point solvent has a viscosity of 13 mPa ⁇ s to 25 mPa ⁇ s and a surface tension of 33 mN / m to 37 mN / m.
- the applied solution 104 is dried to form a hole injection / transport layer 105 above the first electrode 102 (FIG. 11D). Drying is performed at atmospheric pressure or in vacuum, with or without heating.
- the light emitting layer 106 is formed above the hole injection / transport layer 105 (FIG. 11E), and the electron injection / transport layer 107 is formed above the light emitting layer 106 (FIG. 11F).
- a second electrode 108 is formed above the injection / transport layer 107 (FIG. 11G).
- the difference in film thickness between the end portion and the central portion of the hole injection / transport layer 105 can be reduced, and as a result, good light emission characteristics of the organic light emitting device can be obtained.
- the solvent may have other features disclosed in the first embodiment in addition to the above features.
- the viscosity of the high boiling point solvent may be greater than 15 mPa ⁇ s.
- the ratio of the high viscosity solvent to the high boiling point solvent may be 35 vol% or more, or 50 vol% or more.
- the solvent may include a low boiling point solvent composed of one or a plurality of solvent components having a boiling point of less than 200 ° C., and the viscosity of the solution may be 5 mPa ⁇ s or more and 15 mPa ⁇ s or less. By setting the viscosity of the solution within this range, it can be suitably used for an ink jet method.
- One or more solvent components constituting the low boiling point solvent may all have a boiling point higher than 160 ° C. As a result, it is possible to prevent a situation in which a part of the low boiling point solvent evaporates before application of the solution and the concentration of the solution and the solvent composition ratio change.
- the hole injection / transport layer 105 is illustrated as a functional layer formed by application of a solution, but is not limited thereto.
- the hole injection / transport layer 105 the light emitting layer 106 or the electron injection / transport layer 107 may be formed by application of a solution.
- several of these functional layers may be formed by application
- the first electrode, the hole injection / transport layer, the light emitting layer, the electron injection / transport layer, and the second electrode are stacked, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the partition wall layer 103 has the shape shown in FIG. 12, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a partition wall layer 203 having a shape shown in FIG. 13 may be used.
- the partition layer 203 includes a plurality of first banks 203a and a plurality of second banks 203b.
- the first bank 203a is along the longitudinal direction of the light emitting region.
- the second bank 203b exists between the adjacent first banks 203a and extends along the short direction of the light emitting region.
- the height of the second bank 203b is lower than the height of the first bank 203a.
- FIG. 14 shows a drying process of the solution when the partition wall layer of FIG. 13 is used.
- partition region a region partitioned by the partition layer 203
- the solution 204 applied to a region partitioned by the partition layer 203 reaches the adjacent partition region beyond the second bank 203b (FIG. 14 (a)).
- the solution 204 is accommodated in the partition region (FIG. 14B), and after further drying, the functional layer 205 is formed in the partition region above the first electrode 102.
- the final stage of the drying process of the solution 204 (FIG. 14B) is the same situation as when the partition wall layer 103 is used. Therefore, even when the partition wall layer 203 is used, the same effect as when the partition wall layer 103 is used can be obtained.
- FIG. 15 shows functional blocks of the organic display device.
- FIG. 16 illustrates the appearance of the organic display device.
- the organic display device 20 includes an organic display panel 21 and a drive control unit 22 electrically connected thereto.
- the organic display panel 21 has the organic light emitting element shown in FIG.
- the drive control unit 22 includes a drive circuit 23 that applies a voltage between the first electrode 102 and the second electrode 108, and a control circuit 24 that controls the operation of the drive circuit 23.
- One embodiment of the present invention can be used for, for example, an organic light-emitting element.
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Abstract
Description
図1に、ウェット方式で機能層を形成した場合の溶液の乾燥過程を示す。溶液13は、機能層を構成する機能性材料と、機能性材料を溶解または分散するための溶媒とを含む。溶液13は、基板11上の隔壁12で区画された領域に塗布される(図1(a))。
本発明の一態様に係る溶液は、有機発光素子に含まれる機能層を構成する機能性材料と、溶媒とを含む。溶媒は、200℃以上の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される高沸点溶媒を含む。高沸点溶媒は、13mPa・s以上25mPa・s以下の粘度と、33mN/m以上37mN/m以下の表面張力とを有する。
<3.1> 機能性材料
溶液は、機能性材料を含む。機能性材料は、有機発光素子に含まれる機能層を構成する材料である。前述の通り、機能層は、例えば、発光層、ホール注入層、ホール輸送層、ホール注入兼輸送層、電子注入層、電子輸送層、および電子注入兼輸送層である。
溶液は、機能性材料に加えて溶媒を含む。溶媒は、高沸点溶媒を含み、必要に応じて低沸点溶媒も含む。本明細書では、便宜上、高沸点と低沸点の境界を200℃とする。高沸点溶媒は、200℃以上の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される。また、低沸点溶媒は、200℃未満の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される。
まず、機能層の端部と中央部の膜厚差を低減するための溶媒の物性を求める実験について説明する。
「平坦」は、膜厚差Δdの絶対値が中央部Cの膜厚dCの20%以下の場合とする。
図11に有機発光素子の製造方法を説明するための断面図を示す。
上記の有機発光素子は、有機表示装置に利用可能である。図15に、有機表示装置の機能ブロックを示す。図16に、有機表示装置の外観を例示する。有機表示装置20は、有機表示パネル21と、これに電気的に接続された駆動制御部22とを備える。有機表示パネル21は、図11(g)に示す有機発光素子を有する。駆動制御部22は、第1電極102と第2電極108の間に電圧を印加する駆動回路23と、駆動回路23の動作を制御する制御回路24とを含む。
12 隔壁
13 溶液
16 機能層
20 有機表示装置
21 有機表示パネル
22 駆動制御部
23 駆動回路
24 制御回路
101 基板
102 第1電極
103 隔壁
103 隔壁層
104 溶液
105 ホール注入兼輸送層
106 発光層
107 電子注入兼輸送層
108 第2電極
203 隔壁層
203a バンク
203b バンク
204 溶液
205 機能層
Claims (16)
- 有機発光素子に含まれる機能層を形成するための溶液であって、前記機能層を構成する機能性材料と、溶媒とを含み、前記溶媒が、200℃以上の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される高沸点溶媒を含み、前記高沸点溶媒が、13mPa・s以上25mPa・s以下の粘度と、33mN/m以上37mN/m以下の表面張力とを有する溶液。
- 前記高沸点溶媒の粘度が、15mPa・sより大きい、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記高沸点溶媒を構成する前記1または複数の溶媒成分の少なくとも1つは、20mPa・s以上の粘度を有する高粘度溶媒であり、前記高沸点溶媒に占める前記高粘度溶媒の割合が35vol%以上である、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記高沸点溶媒に占める前記高粘度溶媒の割合が50vol%以上である、請求項3に記載の溶液。
- 前記溶媒は、さらに、200℃未満の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される低沸点溶媒を含み、前記溶液の粘度が、5mPa・s以上15mPa・s以下である、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記低沸点溶媒を構成する前記1または複数の溶媒成分は、何れも160℃より高い沸点を有する、請求項5に記載の溶液。
- 前記溶媒は、さらに、200℃未満の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される低沸点溶媒を含み、前記溶媒に占める前記高沸点溶媒の割合が80%以下である、請求項1に記載の溶液。
- 前記溶媒に占める前記高沸点溶媒の割合が60%以下である、請求項7に記載の溶液。
- 第1電極を形成し、
前記第1電極の上方に、機能性材料と溶媒とを含む溶液を塗布し、
前記塗布された溶液を乾燥させることにより前記機能性材料から構成される機能層を前記第1電極の上方に形成し、
前記機能層の上方に第2電極を形成し、
前記溶媒が、200℃以上の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される高沸点溶媒を含み、前記高沸点溶媒が、13mPa・s以上25mPa・s以下の粘度と、33mN/m以上37mN/m以下の表面張力とを有する、
有機発光素子の製造方法。 - 前記高沸点溶媒の粘度が、15mPa・sより大きい、請求項9に記載の有機発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記高沸点溶媒を構成する前記1または複数の溶媒成分の少なくとも1つは、20mPa・s以上の粘度を有する高粘度溶媒であり、前記高沸点溶媒に占める前記高粘度溶媒の割合が35vol%以上である、請求項9に記載の有機発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記高沸点溶媒に占める前記高粘度溶媒の割合が50vol%以上である、請求項11に記載の有機発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒は、さらに、200℃未満の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される低沸点溶媒を含み、前記溶液の粘度が、5mPa・s以上15mPa・s以下である、請求項9に記載の有機発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記低沸点溶媒を構成する前記1または複数の溶媒成分は、何れも160℃より高い沸点を有する、請求項13に記載の有機発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒は、さらに、200℃未満の沸点を有する1または複数の溶媒成分から構成される低沸点溶媒を含み、前記溶媒に占める前記高沸点溶媒の割合が80%以下である、請求項9に記載の有機発光素子の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒に占める前記高沸点溶媒の割合が60%以下である、請求項15に記載の有機発光素子の製造方法。
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| CN109585654A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-05 | 合肥鑫晟光电科技有限公司 | 有机层及制备方法、指向性热源组件、显示面板 |
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| JPWO2015141151A1 (ja) | 2017-04-06 |
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