WO2015015650A1 - 作業車両用バッテリ及びバッテリ式作業車両 - Google Patents
作業車両用バッテリ及びバッテリ式作業車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015015650A1 WO2015015650A1 PCT/JP2013/071068 JP2013071068W WO2015015650A1 WO 2015015650 A1 WO2015015650 A1 WO 2015015650A1 JP 2013071068 W JP2013071068 W JP 2013071068W WO 2015015650 A1 WO2015015650 A1 WO 2015015650A1
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- wiring
- battery cell
- case
- work vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/07513—Details concerning the chassis
- B66F9/07531—Battery compartments
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
- H01M50/51—Connection only in series
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
- H01M50/522—Inorganic material
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
- B60L2200/42—Fork lift trucks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/26—Driver interactions by pedal actuation
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
- H01M2200/103—Fuse
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery for a work vehicle and a battery type work vehicle equipped with this battery.
- Patent Document 1 describes a technique for cooling a battery mounted on a vehicle.
- An object of the present invention is to easily suppress variation in the charging rate of each battery cell group in a parallel assembled battery in which battery cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series are connected in parallel.
- the present invention is a battery for supplying electric power to a battery-driven work vehicle, and includes a plurality of battery cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series, a bottom portion, an upper portion facing the bottom portion, and the bottom portion, A battery case that houses the plurality of battery cells and a positive electrode of each battery cell group are connected to a space surrounded by the upper part, the bottom part, and the side part.
- the first conductor, the second conductor connecting the negative electrodes of each battery cell group, and the positive electrode and the first corresponding to each of the battery cell groups and disposed along the upper surface of the battery cell A first wiring that connects a conductor, a second wiring that connects the negative electrode and the second conductor, and a third wiring that connects a plurality of the battery cells of the battery cell group.
- the line and the second wiring are connected to the first conductor and the second conductor after being drawn out of the battery case, and correspond to the position of the battery cell group in the battery case.
- the work vehicle battery is connected to the first conductor and the second conductor after the first wiring and the second wiring are bent outside the battery case.
- the variation of the total value of the length of the first wiring, the length of the second wiring, and the length of the third wiring is within a predetermined range between the battery cell groups.
- the lengths of the first wiring and the second wiring arranged outside the battery cell differ according to the positions of the plurality of battery cell groups in the battery case.
- the present invention is a battery-powered work vehicle including the above-described work vehicle battery.
- the battery for the work vehicle is mounted below a battery hood provided in the battery-type work vehicle.
- the battery hood rotates about a predetermined axis that exists in front of the battery-powered work vehicle, and is provided outside the upper portion of the battery case and houses the fuse that is electrically connected to the terminal.
- the storage case is preferably provided on the rear side of the battery-powered work vehicle.
- the present invention can easily suppress variation in the charging rate of each battery cell group in a parallel assembled battery in which battery cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series are connected in parallel.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a work vehicle charging system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed from the left side.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed obliquely from the upper left rear side.
- FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram of a battery provided in the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining the wiring of the battery according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a right side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a left side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a battery cell included in the battery according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an AA arrow view of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the battery case and the crosspiece.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a state in which the upper part of the battery case is removed.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the storage case.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a work vehicle charging system according to the present embodiment.
- the battery-type forklift 1 will be described as an example of the work vehicle, but the work vehicle is not limited to this.
- the work vehicle may be a wheel loader or a hydraulic excavator driven by electric power from a battery or electric power obtained from a generator driven by an engine or the like.
- the Work vehicle charging system 100 includes a battery-type forklift 1 and a charging device 2.
- the battery-type forklift 1 is a battery-type work vehicle including a battery 30 as a work vehicle battery and at least one electric motor driven by electric power supplied from the battery 30.
- the at least one electric motor is, for example, an electric motor for running the battery-type forklift 1.
- the charging device 2 is a stationary device installed in the building HT or under the eaves of the building HT.
- the charging device 2 is supplied with a three-phase alternating current from the switchboard 3 in the building HT.
- the switchboard 3 is supplied with AC power from, for example, a pole transformer 4.
- the pole transformer 4 is supplied with AC power from the substation via the power line 5.
- the charging device side connector 24 of the charging device 2 is connected to the charging connector 23 during a break time, and the battery 30 is charged. When using the break time, the battery 30 is rapidly charged.
- FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed from the left side.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment is viewed obliquely from the upper left rear side.
- the side where the fork 13 is provided is the front
- the side where the counterweight 20 is provided is the rear.
- the side from the driver's seat 34 toward the handle 36 as the operating device is the front
- the side from the handle 36 toward the driver's seat 34 is the rear.
- the operation device includes a handle 36 used for steering the work vehicle and an operation lever for operating the work machine in a hydraulic excavator or a wheel loader.
- left and right refer to the left and right with respect to the front.
- the left-right direction is the width direction of the vehicle body 10 as the main body of the work vehicle.
- the upper side is a side orthogonal to a plane (a ground plane) in contact with at least three of the front wheels 11 and the rear wheels 12, and from the ground plane toward the rotation center axis of the front wheels 11 or the rear wheels 12.
- the lower side is a side from the rotation center axis of the front wheel 11 or the rear wheel 12 toward the ground plane.
- An axis that extends in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 10 and passes through the center in the width direction of the vehicle body 10 is referred to as a front-rear axis.
- the axis that extends in the vertical direction of the vehicle body 10 is called the vertical axis.
- the vertical axis is orthogonal to both the front-rear axis and the left-right axis.
- the plan view means a state viewed from above.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes front wheels 11 at the front corners of the vehicle body 10 and rear wheels 12 at the rear corners of the vehicle body 10.
- the battery-type forklift 1 travels when the front wheels 11 are driven by a traveling motor (traveling motor) 50 provided behind the front wheels 11. More specifically, the output of the traveling motor 50 is transmitted to both the front wheels 11 and 11 via the power transmission device 51 having a deceleration function to drive them.
- traveling motor traveling motor
- a PM (Permanent Magnet) type that is, a motor whose rotor has a permanent magnet can be used as the traveling motor 50.
- a PM type electric motor When a PM type electric motor is used as the traveling electric motor 50, it may be an SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet) type or an IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) type.
- a fork 13 is provided in front of the vehicle body 10 for loading and unloading of luggage.
- the fork 13 is supported by a mast 14 provided along the vertical direction.
- the fork 13 moves up and down along the mast 14 by driving a mast cylinder 15 provided between the fork 13 and the mast 14.
- the mast 14 is attached to the vehicle body 10 so as to be rotatable about the left and right axis at the lower end portion thereof.
- the mast 14 includes a tilt cylinder (not shown) between the mast 14 and the vehicle body 10.
- the mast 14 can take a forward leaning posture or a backward leaning posture with respect to the vehicle body 10 by driving a tilt cylinder.
- a counterweight 20 is provided at the rear end of the vehicle body 10.
- the counterweight 20 is a weight for balancing when the fork 13 supports a load.
- the counterweight 20 is made of metal, but is not limited thereto.
- the counterweight 20 is disposed in a part extending from the part above the rear wheel 12 to the rear end in the vehicle body 10.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes an accelerator pedal 37, a brake pedal 38, and a traveling direction switching lever 39.
- the accelerator pedal 37 is an operation member that controls the output and rotation direction of the electric motor 50 for traveling.
- the brake pedal 38 is an operation member for stopping the battery-type forklift 1.
- the traveling direction switching lever 39 is an operation member for switching the traveling direction of the battery-type forklift 1 to either the front or the rear.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes a charging connector 23. When charging the battery 30, the charging connector 23 is connected to the charging device side connector 24 of the charging device 2 shown in FIG. 1. The charging connector 23 is attached with a waterproof cover when the charging device side connector 24 is not connected.
- the battery-type forklift 1 includes a display panel 52 as a display device in front of the handle 36.
- the display panel 52 includes an input unit for making various settings for the battery-type forklift 1 and a display unit for displaying information on the state of the battery-type forklift 1.
- the operator of the battery-type forklift 1 makes various settings for the battery-type forklift 1 via the display panel 52.
- the information on the state of the battery-type forklift 1 displayed on the display unit of the display panel 52 is, for example, the state of the battery 30 or the hydraulic pressure of hydraulic oil supplied to the mast cylinder 15 or the like.
- the hydraulic oil is supplied from a hydraulic pump 56 driven by a cargo handling electric motor 55 described later.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 controls the traveling motor 50 and the cargo handling motor 55.
- FIG. 4A is an explanatory diagram of a battery provided in the battery-type forklift according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining the wiring of the battery according to the present embodiment.
- the battery 30 includes a plurality of battery cells 32.
- the battery cell 32 is a control valve type storage battery (for example, a lead storage battery). Such a battery cell 32 is suitable for rapid charging.
- Each battery cell 32 has a terminal voltage of 12V.
- a plurality (six in this example) of battery cells 32 are connected in series to form a plurality (six in this example) of battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- the battery cell group 32L When these are not distinguished, they are appropriately referred to as a battery cell group 32L.
- the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 are connected in parallel by, for example, copper bus bars BBp and BBm.
- the battery 30 is a parallel assembled battery in which a plurality of battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 are connected in parallel.
- the bus bar BBp as the first conductor electrically connects the positive terminals of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- the bus bar BBm as the second conductor electrically connects the negative electrode side terminals of the respective battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- Fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, and Fu6 are connected between the bus bar BBp and each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- the terminals of the battery cells 32 included in the respective battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 are connected to the fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, and Fu6.
- a contactor 66 is provided between the bus bar BBp and the charging connector 23.
- the first wiring 41 includes a wiring 41a and a wiring 41b.
- the wiring 41a electrically connects the bus bar BBp and the fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, and Fu6.
- the wiring 41b electrically connects the fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, Fu6 and the positive electrodes of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, 32L6.
- the negative electrodes of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 and the bus bar BBm are connected by the second wiring 42.
- Battery Cell Group The battery cells 32 included in the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6 are electrically connected by a third wiring 43.
- the third wiring 43 has five wirings 43a, 43b, 43c, 43d, and 43e.
- the wiring 43a electrically connects the negative electrode of the battery cell 32 closest to the bus bar BBp and the positive electrode of the battery cell 32 adjacent thereto.
- the wirings 43b, 43c, 43d, and 43e sequentially electrically connect the negative electrodes and the positive electrodes of the five adjacent battery cells.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a right side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a left side view showing the battery and the battery case according to the present embodiment.
- the battery case 31 includes a bottom portion 31B, an upper portion 31T facing the bottom portion 31B, and side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR that connect the bottom portion 31B and the upper portion 31T.
- the battery case 31 is accommodated in a space surrounded by the upper part 31T, the bottom part 31B, and the side parts 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR, with at least a part of at least one side surface of the plurality of battery cells 32 in contact with each other.
- the battery 30 has the side portion 31SF of the battery case 31 facing forward and the side portion 31SB of the battery case 31 facing backward. Further, the battery 30 has the side portion 31SL of the battery case 31 facing the left side, and the side portion 31SR of the battery case 31 facing the right side.
- the front and rear correspond to the front and rear of the battery-type forklift 1 shown in FIGS. That is, when the battery 30 is mounted on the battery-type forklift 1, the side portion 31SF faces the front and the side portion 31SB faces the rear.
- the right side portion 31SR of the four side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR has an intake port 31Hi that opens to itself.
- the air inlet 31 ⁇ / b> Hi introduces gas into the battery case 31.
- This gas is air in this embodiment.
- the side portion 31SR has a plurality of (three in this example) intake ports 31Hi, but the number of intake ports 31Hi is not limited to this. 5 and 8, among the four side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR, the side portion that faces the side portion 31SR where the intake port 31Hi opens, that is, the left side portion 31SL is attached to itself. It has an exhaust port 31He that opens.
- the exhaust port 31He discharges the gas introduced into the battery case 31.
- the side portion 31SL has a plurality (four in this example) of exhaust ports 31He, but the number of the exhaust ports 31He is not limited to this.
- the battery case 31 has a fan 31F.
- the fan 31 ⁇ / b> F introduces gas into the battery case 31 from the air inlet 31 ⁇ / b> Hi and flows the gas in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the plurality of battery cells 32, and then discharges the gas from the battery case 31.
- the battery case 31 includes a plurality (four in this example) of fans 31F.
- the number of fans 31F is not limited to four.
- Each fan 31F is attached to the exhaust port 31He. With such a structure, the plurality of fans 31F sucks gas from the battery case 31 and discharges it to the outside. Since the fan 31F sucks gas from the battery case 31, the flow of gas from the intake port 31Hi to the exhaust port 31He can be stably generated in the battery case 31.
- the pressure in the battery case 31 becomes lower than the outside. For this reason, gas is introduced into the battery case 31 from the intake port 31Hi.
- the gas is introduced into the battery case 31 from the right side and discharged from the left side, as indicated by an arrow AR in FIG. By doing in this way, the some battery cell 32 accommodated in the battery case 31 is cooled.
- the intake port 31Hi is disposed on one side in the width direction of the battery-type forklift 1, and the exhaust port 31He is disposed on the other side in the width direction.
- the intake port 31Hi is disposed on the right side of the vehicle body 10
- the exhaust port 31He is disposed on the left side of the vehicle body 10.
- the gas is introduced into the battery case 31 from the right side of the vehicle body 10 and discharged from the left side. Since the fan 31F is attached to the exhaust port 31He, the fan 31F is disposed on the left side of the vehicle body 10. For this reason, the increase of the dimension in the front-back direction of the vehicle body 10 by attaching the fan 31F to the battery case 31 can be suppressed.
- the battery case 31 has a storage case 31SC for storing a safety circuit attached to the upper part 31T.
- the storage case 31SC stores the above-described fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, Fu6, the contactor 66 and the bus bars BBm, BBp shown in FIG.
- the battery case 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
- the upper portion 31T, the bottom portion 31B, and the side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR are all plate-like and rectangular (including square) shaped members.
- the upper part 31T of the battery case 31 has an opening 31TH.
- the opening 31TH is an opening for drawing out the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 connected to the plurality of battery cells 32 housed in the battery case 31 to the outside of the battery case 31.
- the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 drawn out from the opening 31TH are connected to the safety circuit stored in the storage case 31SC via the first connector CNa.
- the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 drawn from one battery cell group 32L are bundled outside the battery case.
- the bundled first wiring 41 and second wiring 42 are appropriately referred to as a wiring bundle.
- six battery cell groups 32 ⁇ / b> L are accommodated in the battery case 31. For this reason, there are six wiring bundles. When distinguishing each wiring bundle, it represents with the code
- the wire bundle LG is bent outside the battery case 31 according to the position of the battery cell group 32L in the battery case 31, and then connected to the bus bars BBm and BBp.
- the wire bundles LGa and LGb are hardly bent between the opening 31TH and the storage case 31SC. That is, the wiring bundles LGa and LGb connect the opening 31TH and the storage case 31SC in a substantially straight line.
- the wiring bundles LGc, LGd, LGe, LGf are bent between the opening 31TH and the storage case 31SC. For this reason, the wiring bundles LGc, LGd, LGe, LGf are longer from the opening 31TH to the storage case 31SC than the wiring bundles LGa, LGb. Further, among the wiring bundles LGc, LGd, LGe, LGf, the wiring bundles LGe, LGf are longer from the opening 31TH to the storage case 31SC than the wiring bundles LGc, LGd.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a battery cell included in the battery according to the present embodiment.
- the shape of the battery cell 32 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the battery cell 32 includes four upper surfaces 32T having the terminals 32BT provided in a plan view, a lower surface 32B having a rectangular shape in plan view facing the upper surface 32T, and a rectangular view in plan view connecting the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B. It has side surfaces 32SL, 32SL, 32SS, 32SS.
- the plan view has a rectangular shape, and the dimension W of one adjacent side is smaller than the dimension L of the other side.
- the dimension W is the width of the battery cell 32
- the dimension L is the length of the battery cell 32.
- the distance (shortest distance) H between the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B is the height of the battery cell. That is, the battery cell 32 has a height H greater than a width W.
- the length L of the battery cell 32 is greater than the height H. That is, the battery cell 32 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure having the largest length L, the smallest width W, and the height H between the two.
- the areas of the opposing side faces 32SL and 32SL are larger than the areas of the opposing side faces 32SS and 32SS, respectively.
- the side surfaces 32SL and 32SL are appropriately referred to as large side surfaces 32SL and 32SL
- the side surfaces 32SS and 32SS are appropriately referred to as small side surfaces 32SS and 32SS.
- the battery cell 32 has a step 32D between the upper surface 32T and the side surfaces 32SL, 32SL, 32SS, 32SS adjacent to the upper surface 32T.
- the step portion 32D has a step portion upper surface 32DT parallel to the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B, and a step portion side surface 32DW rising from the step portion upper surface 32DT.
- the step portion side surface 32DW is substantially orthogonal to the step portion upper surface 32DT.
- the plurality of battery cells 32 are accommodated in the battery case 31.
- the third wiring 43, the first wiring 41, and the second wiring 43 are connected to the terminal 32BT of each battery cell 32.
- the first wiring 41, the second wiring 42, and the third wiring 43 are accommodated in the step portion 32 ⁇ / b> D of the battery cell 32.
- the battery 30 is a parallel assembled battery, when a variation in temperature occurs in each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6, the internal resistance of the battery cell 32 having a high temperature becomes low and current flows. It becomes easy. As a result, in each battery cell group 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, 32L6, there is a possibility that a variation in charging rate or a decrease in durability of the battery cell 32 occurs. Generally, at the time of charging, variation in charging rate and a decrease in durability are suppressed by controlling currents flowing through the respective battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, 32L3, 32L4, 32L5, and 32L6.
- the variation in the total value of the length of the first wiring 41, the length of the second wiring 42, and the length of the third wiring 43 (hereinafter referred to as the wiring length as appropriate) is kept within a predetermined range.
- the length of the first wiring 41 is the sum of the length of the wiring 41a and the length of the wiring 41b.
- the length of the third wiring 43 is the sum of the lengths of the wirings 43a, 43b, 43c, 43d, and 43e.
- the variation of the wiring length being within the predetermined range means that each wiring length is within ⁇ 5%, preferably within 3% with respect to the average value of all wiring lengths. In the present embodiment, it is more preferable that the respective wiring lengths are equal, that is, the variation in wiring length is 0%.
- the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 are drawn out of the battery case 31 from the opening 31TH of the upper part 31T.
- the distance from each battery cell group 32L to the storage case 31SC in which the bus bars BBp and BBm are stored differs depending on the battery cell group 32L. In particular, the above-described distance difference is large between the upper battery cell group 32L and the lower battery cell group 32L.
- the lengths of the first wiring 41, the second wiring 42, and the third wiring 43 described above are equalized between the battery cell groups 32L. It is preferable. In this way, when the distances from the battery cell groups 32L to the bus bars BBp and BBm are different, the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 have extra lengths between the battery cell groups 32L.
- the excess portions are arranged outside the battery case 31.
- the distances to the bus bars BBp, BBm of the battery cell group 32L corresponding to the wiring bundles LGc, LGd, LGe, LGf are shorter than the wiring bundles LGa, LGb.
- the distance to the bus bars BBp, BBm of the battery cell group 32L corresponding to the wiring bundles LGe, LGf is shorter than the wiring bundles LGc, LGd.
- the wire bundles LGc, LGd, LGe, LGf drawn from the opening 31TH of the battery case 31 are bent outside the battery case 31 as shown in FIGS.
- the wiring bundles LGa and LGb are hardly bent outside the battery case 31.
- the bending amount that is, the length of the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 arranged outside the battery case 31 is increased in this order.
- FIG. 10 is an AA arrow view of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the battery case and the crosspiece.
- An arrow AR in FIG. 11 indicates a gas flow.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a state in which the upper part of the battery case is removed.
- the battery case 31 has a partition member 31SP that partitions the inside of the battery case 31 between an upper portion 31T and a lower portion 31B.
- the plurality of battery cells 32 are respectively disposed between the upper part 31T and the partition member 31SP and between the partition member 31SP and the lower part 31B.
- the partition member 31SP is a plate-like member.
- the partition member 31SP is rectangular (including a square) in plan view.
- the partition member 31SP is disposed inside each of the side portions 31SF, 31SB, 31SL, and 31SR of the battery case 31.
- the battery 30 has a plurality of bars 31R as a plurality of bar-shaped members extending from the intake port 31Hi to the exhaust port 31He shown in FIGS.
- the plurality of crosspieces 31R are installed on the surface of the partition member 31SP and on the upper portion 31T side of the battery case 31.
- the plurality of crosspieces 31 ⁇ / b> R are installed on the surface of the bottom 31 ⁇ / b> B of the battery case 31 and on the upper portion 31 ⁇ / b> T side of the battery case 31.
- the plurality of crosspieces 31 ⁇ / b> R are installed such that the direction in which they extend (longitudinal direction) and the left-right direction (width direction) of the battery case 31 are parallel to each other.
- each crosspiece 31 ⁇ / b> R is in contact with the lower surface 32 ⁇ / b> B of the battery cell 32 and supports the battery cell 32. Since a plurality of crosspieces 31R are installed between the lower surface 32B of the battery cell 32 and the partition member 31SP and between the bottom portion 31B, the space between the lower surface 32B of the battery cell 32 and the partition member 31SP and the bottom portion 31B. A gas passage ARP through which gas passes is formed between the two. Further, gas passages ARP through which gas passes are also formed between the upper portion 31T of the battery case 31 and the upper portions 32T of the plurality of battery cells 32 and between the partition member 31SP and the upper portions 32T of the plurality of battery cells 32, respectively. Is done.
- the gas introduced into the battery case 31 from the air inlet 31Hi shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 is disposed between the upper portion 31T and the partition member 31SP in the process of passing through the gas passage ARP. It flows while contacting the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B of the plurality of battery cells 32 and the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B of the plurality of battery cells 32 arranged between the partition member 31SP and the lower portion 31B. In this way, the battery cell 32 is cooled. In particular, when the battery 30 is rapidly charged, each of the battery cells 32 generates heat, so that the heat generated by the plurality of battery cells 32 is released to the outside of the battery case 31 by flowing gas through the gas passage ARP.
- the battery case 31 has four gas passages ARP. These gas passages ARP preferably have the same cross-sectional area perpendicular to the gas flow direction. In this way, since the amount of gas flowing through all the gas passages ARP becomes equal, variation in cooling among the plurality of battery cells 32 can be suppressed.
- the crosspiece 31 ⁇ / b> R may be in contact with the lower surface 32 ⁇ / b> B of the two battery cells 32, or may be in contact with the lower surface 32 ⁇ / b> B of the single battery cell 32.
- Each crosspiece 31R extends from the intake port 31Hi toward the exhaust port 31He. Therefore, the plurality of crosspieces 31R partition the gas passage ARP between the plurality of battery cells 32 and the partition member 31SP and the gas passage ARP between the plurality of battery cells 32 and the bottom portion 31B into a plurality of passages. .
- the gas introduced into the battery case 31 from the intake port 31Hi is divided by the plurality of crosspieces 31R and flows to the respective passages. Therefore, in the direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the crosspieces 31R, the gas Can be made uniform. As a result, temperature variation among the plurality of battery cells 32 can be suppressed.
- the first wiring 41, the second wiring 42, and the third wiring 43 are accommodated in the stepped portion 32D of the battery cell 32.
- the battery case 31 it can suppress that the 1st wiring 41, the 2nd wiring 42, and the 3rd wiring 43, ie, the electric power cable CAB, project over the gas passage ARP in the battery case 31.
- the battery 30 suppresses a decrease in the flow rate of the gas passing through the gas passage ARP, the cooling efficiency of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in the battery 30 and temperature variations can be suppressed.
- the amount of bending of the wire bundle LG outside the battery case 31, that is, the first wire 41 and the second wire 42 is varied according to the position of the plurality of battery cell groups 32L in the battery case 31. More specifically, the amount of bending of the wire bundle LG outside the battery case 31, that is, the first wire 41 and the second wire 42 is varied according to the distance from the battery cell group 32L to the bus bars BBp and BBm. By doing in this way, the 1st wiring 41 and the 2nd wiring 42 which exist in the inside of battery case 31 can be suppressed to the minimum.
- the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 existing inside the battery case 31 can be minimized by pulling out and bending the wiring bundle LG, that is, the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 outside the battery case 31. To the limit.
- the battery 30 can suppress a decrease in cooling efficiency and a variation in temperature of the plurality of battery cells 32 housed in the battery case 31.
- a row of battery cells 32 (hereinafter referred to as a cell row as appropriate) in a state where eight battery cells 32 are in contact with or face each other at least part of the large side surfaces 32SL. Is formed).
- Two cell rows are arranged in the battery case 31. At least some of the small side surfaces 32SS of the battery cells 32 are in contact with each other.
- two battery cells 32 are arranged close to one cell row. In each battery cell 32, at least a part of each large side surface 32SL and at least a part of small side surfaces 32SS of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in one cell row are close to each other.
- the battery cells 32 arranged at both ends of the cell row are in contact with the large side surface 32SL of the adjacent battery cell 32 only on one large side surface 32SL, and the other large side surface 32SL is the side portion 31SL or side of the battery case 31. It faces any one of the parts 31SR.
- the two battery cells 32 in which the large side surface 32SL is in contact with one cell row have the large side surface 32SL not in contact with the small side surface 32SS facing the side portion 31SF of the battery case 31, and one small side surface 32SS is It faces either the side 31SL or the side 31SR of the case 31.
- the two battery cells 32 face each other at the small side surface 32SS that does not face the side portion 31SL or the side portion 31SR.
- FIG. 12 shows the arrangement of the plurality of battery cells 32 installed on the upper part of the partition member 31SP described above. Similarly to the upper part of the partition member 31SP, a plurality of battery cells 32 are also arranged on the upper part of the bottom part 31B of the battery case 31. In the present embodiment, a total of 18 battery cells 32 are arranged above the partition member 31SP, and thus a total of 36 battery cells 32 are arranged in the battery case 31. As described above, the battery 30 includes six battery cells 32 connected in series as one battery cell group 32L, and a plurality (six in this embodiment) of battery cell groups 32L are connected in parallel. .
- one battery cell group 32L 32L1, 32L2
- one battery cell group is composed of a total of six battery cells 32 arranged at both ends of each cell row and two battery cells 32 having a large side surface 32SL in contact with one cell row.
- 32L 32L3
- the positive and negative electrodes of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, and 32L3 are electrically connected by the third wiring 43.
- the first wiring 41 is electrically connected to the positive electrodes of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, and 32L3, and the second wiring is electrically connected to the negative electrodes.
- the first wiring 41, the second wiring 42 and the third wiring 43 are arranged along the upper surface of each battery cell 32.
- the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 drawn from the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, and 32L3 are guided to the wiring passage 31PS in the battery case 31.
- the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 guided to the wiring passage 31PS are drawn out of the battery case 31 from the opening 31TH of the battery case 31 shown in FIGS.
- the distances between the positive and negative electrodes of each of the battery cell groups 32L1, 32L2, and 32L3 and the wiring path 31PS become shorter in the order of the battery cell group 32L3, the battery cell group 32L1, and the battery cell group 32L2.
- the bending amount of the 1st wiring 41 and the 2nd wiring 42 in the exterior of battery case 31 becomes large in order of battery cell group 32L3, battery cell group 32L1, and battery cell group 32L1.
- the upper stage and the lower stage in the battery case 31 are closer to the storage case 31SC shown in FIGS.
- the bending amount of the first wiring 41 and the second wiring 42 outside the battery case 31 is such that the battery cell group 32L stored in the upper stage in the battery case 31 has the battery cell group 32L stored in the lower stage. Bigger than.
- a heat insulating material HI is provided between the plurality of battery cells 32 and the inside of the side portion 31 SF of the battery case 31.
- the heat insulating material HI contacts both the battery cell 32 and the inside of the side portion 31SF of the battery case 31.
- a heat insulating material HI is also provided between some of the battery cells 32.
- the heat insulating material HI suppresses heat radiation of the battery cell 32 to the outside of the battery case 31. By doing in this way, the dispersion
- variation in the temperature of the battery cell 32 is suppressed especially at the time of charge, it is effective in suppression of the dispersion
- the heat insulating material HI can also suppress the movement of the battery cell 32 in the battery case 31. Further, when the battery-type forklift 1 suddenly starts or stops, the impact force applied to the battery cell 32 can be reduced.
- the fan 31F is controlled by the in-vehicle control device 60 shown in FIG.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 cools the plurality of battery cells 32 by sucking gas from the inside of the battery case 31 during charging of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in at least the battery 30.
- the in-vehicle control device 60 further suppresses the temperature rise of the battery cell 32 by sucking gas from the inside of the battery case 31 even during discharge of the plurality of battery cells 32 included in the battery 30. Can do.
- FIG. 13 shows the structure of the storage case.
- a fuse Fu is stored in the storage case 31SC.
- the fuse Fu corresponds to the fuses Fu1, Fu2, Fu3, Fu4, Fu5, and Fu6 shown in FIG.
- the fuse Fu is electrically connected to the terminal 32BT of the battery cell 32 via the power cable CAB.
- the power cable CAB drawn from the plurality of battery cell groups 32L and the fuse Fu are connected by a connector CN.
- the connector CN has a first connector CNa and a second connector CNb.
- the power cable CAB is connected to the first connector CNa, and the fuse Fu is connected to the second connector CNb.
- the second connector CNb is attached to the storage case 31SC.
- the lid CB is attached to the storage case 31SC.
- the lid CB has an opening CBH for passing the first connector CNa.
- the first connector CNa is inserted into the second connector CNb through the opening CBH.
- the lid CB needs to be removed. If the cover CB is removed while the first connector CNa is connected to the second connector CNb, the first connector CNa engages with the opening CBH of the cover CB, so that the first connector CNa is removed from the second connector CNb.
- the lid CB cannot be removed unless it is removed.
- the lid CB can be removed.
- the power from the battery cell 32 is not applied to the fuse Fu. For this reason, it is safe to touch the components in the storage case 31SC.
- the first connector CN to which the power cable CAB of the battery cell 32 is connected is provided in the opening CBH provided in the lid CB of the storage case 31SC.
- the storage case 31 ⁇ / b> SC is provided behind the battery case 31.
- the storage case 31 ⁇ / b> SC is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body 10.
- the battery 30 is installed below the driver's seat 34 of the battery-type forklift 1.
- the driver's seat 34 is rotated around the axis of the support shaft 33a to open the upper portion of the battery 30.
- the storage case 31SC is provided on the rear side of the vehicle body 10, the work vehicle can easily access the storage case 31SC, so that the replacement of the fuse Fu or the inspection of the storage case 31SC is facilitated.
- the battery case 31 can suppress the variation in the temperature of each battery cell 32 at the time of charging the battery 30 by the heat insulating material HI and the fan 31F, it is effective in suppressing the variation in the charging rate and the durability of the battery cell 32. Is. For this reason, since the vehicle-mounted control apparatus 60 shown in FIG. 2 does not need to perform parallel control at the time of charge of the battery 30, it can simplify control at the time of charge. In parallel control, when charging a battery pack in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel, the charge amount is adjusted so that the charge amount of each battery cell is leveled. When the battery cell 32 is cooled by the fan 31F, it is preferable to provide a gap between the adjacent battery cells 32.
- the vehicle body 10 is preferably as compact as possible. Further, since the battery-type forklift 1 stores the battery 30 below the driver's seat 34, if a gap is provided between the battery cells 32, there is a possibility that a necessary number of battery cells 32 cannot be stored.
- the battery cells 32 forming the cell row are arranged in the battery case 31 in a state in which at least a part of at least one of the four side surfaces 32SL, 32SL, 32SS, and 32SS is in contact with each other. It is stored in.
- each battery cell 32 is cooled by flowing gas in contact with the upper surface 32T and the lower surface 32B of each battery cell 32.
- the battery 30 can achieve both suppression of increase in size and ensuring of cooling of the battery cell 32.
- the battery case 31 may not include the partition member 31SP. That is, the plurality of battery cells 32 may not be arranged one step at each of the upper portion 31T side and the bottom portion 31B side, and only one step may be arranged between the upper portion 31T and the bottom portion 31B. Further, the plurality of fans 31 ⁇ / b> F may feed gas into the battery case 31 instead of sucking gas from the battery case 31.
- the amount of heat generated by a device or the like that converts alternating current into direct current is larger than that in normal charging, and thus the size of the device is increased.
- a charging device capable of rapid charging is mounted on the battery-type forklift 1, the battery-type forklift 1 itself is increased in size, and the operation time of the battery-type forklift 1 may be shortened due to an increase in mass.
- the charging device 2 since the charging device 2 is stationary, it is not necessary to mount a charging device capable of rapid charging on the battery-type forklift 1. As a result, the battery 30 can be managed while suppressing a decrease in operating time due to an increase in size and mass of the battery-type forklift 1.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
バッテリ式フォークリフト1は、車体10の前方の隅部にそれぞれ前輪11を備え、車体10の後方の隅部にそれぞれ後輪12を備える。バッテリ式フォークリフト1は、前輪11の後方に設けられた走行用の電動機(走行用電動機)50によって前輪11が駆動されることにより走行する。より具体的には、走行用電動機50の出力は、減速機能を有する動力伝達装置51を介して両方の前輪11、11に伝達されて、これらを駆動する。
図4-1は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ式フォークリフトが備えるバッテリの説明図である。図4-2は、本実施形態に係るバッテリの配線を説明するための図である。バッテリ30は、複数のバッテリセル32を備える。本実施形態において、バッテリセル32は、制御弁式の蓄電池(例えば、鉛蓄電池)である。このようなバッテリセル32は、急速充電に適している。それぞれのバッテリセル32は、端子間電圧が12Vである。本実施形態では、複数(この例では6個)のバッテリセル32を直列に接続して複数(この例では6個)のバッテリセル群32L1、32L2、32L3、32L4、32L5、32L6を形成する。これらを区別しない場合、適宜バッテリセル群32Lという。それぞれのバッテリセル群32L1、32L2、32L3、32L4、32L5、32L6を、例えば、銅製のバスバーBBp、BBmによって並列接続する。このように、バッテリ30は、複数のバッテリセル群32L1、32L2、32L3、32L4、32L5、32L6が並列接続された並列組電池である。
図5は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す斜視図である。図6は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す平面図である。図7は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す右側面図である。図8は、本実施形態に係るバッテリ及びバッテリケースを示す左側面図である。バッテリ30は、バッテリケース31内に、前述した複数のバッテリセル32が収納されている。バッテリケース31は、底部31B、底部31Bと対向する上部31T及び底部31Bと上部31Tとを接続する側部31SF、31SB、31SL、31SRを有する。バッテリケース31は、上部31Tと底部31Bと側部31SF、31SB、31SL、31SRとで囲まれた空間に、複数のバッテリセル32の少なくとも1つの側面の少なくとも一部同士を接触させて収納する。
2 充電装置
6 交流電源
10 車体
13 フォーク
30 バッテリ
31 バッテリケース
31B 下部
31T 上部
31SF 側部
32 バッテリセル
41 第1配線
42 第2配線
43 第3配線
Claims (7)
- バッテリ駆動式の作業車両に電力を供給するためのバッテリであり、
複数のバッテリセルを直列に接続した複数のバッテリセル群と、
底部、前記底部と対向する上部及び前記底部と前記上部とを接続する側部を有し、前記上部と前記底部と前記側部とで囲まれた空間に、前記複数のバッテリセルを収納するバッテリケースと、
各バッテリセル群の正極同士を接続する第1導体と、
各バッテリセル群の負極同士を接続する第2導体と、
それぞれの前記バッテリセル群に対応し、かつ、前記バッテリセルの上面に沿って配置された、前記正極と前記第1導体とを接続する第1配線、前記負極と前記第2導体とを接続する第2配線及び前記バッテリセル群が有する複数の前記バッテリセル同士を接続する第3配線と、を含み、
前記第1配線及び前記第2配線は、前記バッテリケースの外部に引き出されてから前記第1導体及び前記第2導体に接続され、かつ、前記バッテリケース内における前記バッテリセル群の位置に応じて、対応する前記第1配線及び前記第2配線が前記バッテリケースの外部で屈曲されてから前記第1導体及び前記第2導体に接続される、作業車両用バッテリ。 - 前記バッテリケース内における複数の前記バッテリセル群の位置に応じて、前記バッテリセルの外部に配置される前記第1配線及び前記第2配線の長さが異なる、請求項1に記載の作業車両用バッテリ。
- 前記第1配線の長さと前記第2配線の長さと前記第3配線の長さとを合計した値のばらつきは、それぞれの前記バッテリセル群の間において所定の範囲内である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の作業車両用バッテリ。
- 前記第1導体及びそれぞれの前記バッテリセル群と電気的に接続されるヒューズと、
前記バッテリケースの前記上部の外側に設けられる、前記ヒューズを収納する収納ケースと、
を有する、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の作業車両用バッテリ。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の作業車両用バッテリを備えた、バッテリ式作業車両。
- 前記作業車両用バッテリは、前記バッテリ式作業車両が備えるバッテリフードの下方に搭載される、請求項5に記載のバッテリ式作業車両。
- 前記バッテリフードは、前記バッテリ式作業車両の前方に存在する所定の軸を中心として回動し、
前記バッテリケースの前記上部の外側に設けられ、前記端子と電気的に接続される前記ヒューズを収納する収納ケースは、前記バッテリ式作業車両の後方側に設けられる、請求項5又は請求項6に記載のバッテリ式作業車両。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013556087A JP5676784B1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両用バッテリ及びバッテリ式作業車両 |
| PCT/JP2013/071068 WO2015015650A1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両用バッテリ及びバッテリ式作業車両 |
| DE112013000093.8T DE112013000093T5 (de) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | Batterie für ein Arbeitsfahrzeug und Arbeitsfahrzeug der Batterieart |
| CN201380001607.5A CN104508865A (zh) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作业车辆用电池以及电池式作业车辆 |
| US14/124,371 US9306245B2 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | Battery for work vehicle and battery-type work vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/071068 WO2015015650A1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両用バッテリ及びバッテリ式作業車両 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2015015650A1 true WO2015015650A1 (ja) | 2015-02-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/JP2013/071068 Ceased WO2015015650A1 (ja) | 2013-08-02 | 2013-08-02 | 作業車両用バッテリ及びバッテリ式作業車両 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US9306245B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5676784B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN104508865A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112013000093T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015015650A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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| WO2015167024A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-22 | 2015-11-05 | 株式会社小松製作所 | バッテリ式作業車両及び作業車両用バッテリ |
| JP2015201330A (ja) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-11-12 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 電池パック |
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| JP5692539B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-18 | 2015-04-01 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 産業車両 |
| JP5486130B1 (ja) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-05-07 | 株式会社小松製作所 | バッテリ式作業機械及びバッテリ式フォークリフト |
| JP6237284B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-03 | 2017-11-29 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 電池ユニット |
| EP3062363B1 (de) * | 2015-02-26 | 2023-05-31 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Batterieanordnung |
| CN110451261B (zh) * | 2019-07-25 | 2024-08-06 | 杭州同悦自动化设备有限公司 | 一种包板机极片吸取机构 |
| DE102021202476A1 (de) * | 2021-03-15 | 2022-09-15 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Gehäuse für eine Kraftfahrzeugbatterie |
| CN114013325B (zh) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-03-04 | 诸城市大路机械有限公司 | 一种用于电动叉车的充电设备 |
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- 2013-08-02 US US14/124,371 patent/US9306245B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-08-02 CN CN201380001607.5A patent/CN104508865A/zh active Pending
- 2013-08-02 DE DE112013000093.8T patent/DE112013000093T5/de not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2015015650A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
| US20150050530A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| CN104508865A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
| JP5676784B1 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
| DE112013000093T5 (de) | 2015-07-23 |
| US9306245B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
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