WO2015012272A1 - 投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物、感光性エレメント、レジストパターンの形成方法、プリント配線板の製造方法及びリードフレームの製造方法 - Google Patents
投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物、感光性エレメント、レジストパターンの形成方法、プリント配線板の製造方法及びリードフレームの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015012272A1 WO2015012272A1 PCT/JP2014/069353 JP2014069353W WO2015012272A1 WO 2015012272 A1 WO2015012272 A1 WO 2015012272A1 JP 2014069353 W JP2014069353 W JP 2014069353W WO 2015012272 A1 WO2015012272 A1 WO 2015012272A1
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- photosensitive resin
- resist pattern
- projection exposure
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- resist
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1603—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
- C23C18/1605—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by masking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/031—Organic compounds not covered by group G03F7/029
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/032—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders
- G03F7/033—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with binders the binders being polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
- G03F7/32—Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/38—Treatment before imagewise removal, e.g. prebaking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/40—Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
- H01L21/0274—Photolithographic processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/033—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers
- H01L21/0332—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their composition, e.g. multilayer masks, materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/033—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers
- H01L21/0334—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane
- H01L21/0337—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane characterised by the process involved to create the mask, e.g. lift-off masks, sidewalls, or to modify the mask, e.g. pre-treatment, post-treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/108—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by semi-additive methods; masks therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure, a photosensitive element, a resist pattern forming method, a printed wiring board manufacturing method, and a lead frame manufacturing method.
- photosensitive resin a photosensitive resin composition and a layer formed using this photosensitive resin composition
- a photosensitive element laminated body having a structure in which a layer is referred to as a layer and a protective layer is disposed on a photosensitive resin layer is widely used.
- the printed wiring board is manufactured, for example, by the following procedure using the photosensitive element. That is, first, the photosensitive resin layer of the photosensitive element is laminated on a circuit forming substrate such as a copper-clad laminate. At this time, the surface (hereinafter referred to as the “upper surface” of the photosensitive resin layer) opposite to the surface in contact with the support of the photosensitive resin layer (hereinafter referred to as the “lower surface” of the photosensitive resin layer) Lamination is performed so that the circuit forming substrate is in close contact with the surface on which the circuit is formed. Therefore, when the protective layer is disposed on the upper surface of the photosensitive resin layer, the laminating operation is performed while peeling off the protective layer. Lamination is performed by thermocompression bonding the photosensitive resin layer to an underlying circuit forming substrate (normal pressure laminating method).
- the photosensitive resin layer is pattern-exposed through a mask film or the like.
- the support is peeled off at any timing before or after exposure.
- the unexposed portion of the photosensitive resin layer is dissolved or dispersed and removed with a developer.
- an etching process or a plating process is performed to form a pattern, and finally a cured portion of the photosensitive resin layer is peeled and removed.
- a projection exposure method has been used in recent years, in which a photosensitive resin layer is irradiated with an actinic ray obtained by projecting an image of a photomask for exposure.
- An ultra-high pressure mercury lamp is used as a light source used in the projection exposure method.
- an exposure machine using i-line monochromatic light (365 nm) as an exposure wavelength is often used, but h-line monochromatic light (405 nm) and an exposure wavelength of ihg mixed line may also be used.
- the projection exposure method is an exposure method that can ensure higher resolution and higher alignment than the contact exposure method. Therefore, in recent years when circuit formation on printed wiring boards is required to be miniaturized, the projection exposure method has received much attention.
- the projection exposure method generally uses monochromatic light in order to obtain high resolution, the amount of irradiation energy tends to be lower and the exposure time tends to be longer than the ihg mixed-line exposure machine or contact exposure machine.
- the contact exposure method is a batch exposure method
- the projection exposure method employs a divided exposure method, and therefore the overall exposure time tends to be longer. Therefore, the illuminance of the projection exposure machine is designed to be higher than that of the contact exposure machine, and the exposure time per projection exposure machine tends to be shorter than that of the contact exposure machine.
- a method for improving the hydrophobicity of the photosensitive resin layer a method using a photopolymerizable compound having a hydrophobic action may be mentioned.
- a photopolymerizable compound having a hydrophobic action forms a rigid network after photoreaction, so that when added in a large amount, the flexibility of the cured product of the photosensitive resin layer is reduced, and the adhesion of the cured product is reduced. On the contrary, it may be lowered. Therefore, in order to further improve the adhesion, it is necessary to improve the crosslinking density of the photosensitive resin layer.
- resist skirt Residue residue (resist bottom) is generated when the resist bottom spreads due to swelling and does not peel from the substrate even after drying in the development process. If the resist skirt generation amount is large, the contact area between the plating and the substrate becomes small, which causes a decrease in the mechanical strength of the formed circuit. The influence of the resist soot increases as the circuit formation of the printed wiring board becomes finer. Particularly, when a circuit having an L / S of 10/10 (unit: ⁇ m) or less is formed, a large amount of resist tail is generated. And circuit formation itself after plating may be difficult. Therefore, there is a demand for a photosensitive resin composition that can form a resist pattern with less resist skirt generation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and in a projection exposure method, a photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure that can form a resist pattern excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation.
- An object is to provide a photosensitive element using the same, a method for forming a resist pattern, a method for manufacturing a printed wiring board, and a method for manufacturing a lead frame.
- the present invention contains (A) a binder polymer, (B) a photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond, (C) a photopolymerization initiator, and (D) a sensitizing dye.
- the photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond includes a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol and a compound represented by the following general formula (III):
- a photosensitive resin composition is provided.
- R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- X and Y each independently represent an ethylene group or a propylene group
- p 1 , p 2 , q 1 and q 2 each independently represent a numerical value of 0 to 9
- p 1 + q 1 and p 2 + q 2 are both 1 or more
- p 1 + q 1 + p 2 + q 2 is 2 to 9.
- the resist bottom has excellent curability, the amount of resist skirt generation is small, high fine line adhesion and high resolution. It is possible to form a resist pattern having the same.
- the (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol preferably has an ethylene oxide chain.
- the present invention also includes a photosensitive resin layer forming step of forming a photosensitive resin layer on the substrate using the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure of the present invention, and an actinic ray obtained by projecting a photomask image.
- a method for forming a resist pattern is provided. According to such a resist pattern forming method, since the photosensitive resin layer is formed using the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure of the present invention, the adhesiveness, resolution, and resist skirt generation are excellent. A resist pattern can be formed.
- the present invention also provides a photosensitive element comprising a support and a photosensitive resin layer formed on the support using the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure of the present invention.
- a photosensitive element comprising a support and a photosensitive resin layer formed on the support using the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure of the present invention.
- the photosensitive resin layer is formed using the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure of the present invention, a resist excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation suppression. A pattern can be formed.
- the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a printed wiring board including a step of forming a conductor pattern by etching or plating a substrate on which a resist pattern is formed by the above-described resist pattern forming method of the present invention. According to such a method for manufacturing a printed wiring board, a resist pattern excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation can be formed by the above-described resist pattern forming method of the present invention. A manufacturing method suitable for conversion can be provided.
- the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a lead frame, including a step of plating a substrate on which a resist pattern is formed by the above-described resist pattern forming method of the present invention to form a conductor pattern.
- a resist pattern excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation can be formed by the above-described resist pattern forming method of the present invention.
- a suitable manufacturing method can be provided.
- a photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure that can form a resist pattern excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation, a photosensitive element using the same, and a resist pattern A forming method, a printed wiring board manufacturing method, and a lead frame manufacturing method can be provided.
- FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of a resist pattern formed in Example 2.
- FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of a resist pattern formed in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of a resist pattern formed in Comparative Example 2.
- (meth) acrylic acid means at least one of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid corresponding thereto
- (meth) acrylate means at least one of acrylate and methacrylate corresponding thereto
- the (meth) acryloyl group means at least one of an acryloyl group and a methacryloyl group corresponding to the acryloyl group.
- process is not limited to an independent process, and even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes, the term is used as long as the intended action of the process is achieved. include.
- the term “layer” includes a structure formed in a part in addition to a structure formed in the entire surface when observed as a plan view.
- the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure includes (A) a binder polymer, (B) a photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond, (C) a photopolymerization initiator, and (D) sensitization.
- Projection wherein the photopolymerizable compound containing a dye and having the (B) ethylenically unsaturated bond includes a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol and a compound represented by the general formula (III)
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition for exposure.
- each component used in the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure according to the present embodiment will be described in more detail.
- (A) Binder polymer examples of the (A) binder polymer (hereinafter also referred to as “component (A)”) that can be used in the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure according to the present embodiment include acrylic resins, styrene resins, epoxy resins, and amides. Examples thereof include resins, amide epoxy resins, alkyd resins, and phenol resins. From the viewpoint of alkali developability, an acrylic resin is preferred. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the (A) binder polymer can be produced, for example, by radical polymerization of a polymerizable monomer.
- the polymerizable monomer include polymerizable styrene derivatives substituted at the ⁇ -position or aromatic ring such as styrene, vinyl toluene, and ⁇ -methylstyrene, acrylamide such as diacetone acrylamide, acrylonitrile, Vinyl alcohol ethers such as vinyl-n-butyl ether, (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid benzyl ester, phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid tetrahydrofurfuryl ester, (meth) acrylic Acid dimethylaminoethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid diethylaminoethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid glycidyl ester, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl (meth) acryl
- phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate as a polymerizable monomer
- phenoxyethyl methacrylate as a polymerizable monomer
- (meth) acrylic acid benzyl ester as a polymerizable monomer from a viewpoint of further improving adhesiveness.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester include compounds represented by the following general formula (I) and compounds in which the alkyl group of these compounds is substituted with a hydroxyl group, an epoxy group, a halogen group or the like.
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 7 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms represented by R 7 in the general formula (I) include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, Nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, and structural isomers thereof can be mentioned.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester represented by the general formula (I) include (meth) acrylic acid methyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid ethyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid propyl ester, and (meth) acrylic.
- Acid butyl ester (meth) acrylic acid pentyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid hexyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid heptyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid octyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, (meth) acrylic
- acrylic examples thereof include acid nonyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid decyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid undecyl ester, and (meth) acrylic acid dodecyl ester. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the binder polymer as the component (A) according to this embodiment preferably contains a carboxyl group from the viewpoint of alkali developability.
- the (A) binder polymer containing a carboxyl group can be produced, for example, by radical polymerization of a polymerizable monomer having a carboxyl group and another polymerizable monomer.
- the polymerizable monomer having a carboxyl group (meth) acrylic acid is preferable, and methacrylic acid is more preferable.
- the carboxyl group content of the binder polymer improves the balance between alkali developability and alkali resistance. From the point of view, it is preferably 12 to 50% by mass, more preferably 12 to 40% by mass, still more preferably 15 to 35% by mass, and particularly preferably 15 to 30% by mass. .
- the carboxyl group content is 12% by mass or more, alkali developability tends to be improved, and when it is 50% by mass or less, alkali resistance tends to be excellent.
- the content of the structural unit derived from the polymerizable monomer having a carboxyl group in the binder polymer (A) correlates with the blending ratio of the polymerizable monomer having a carboxyl group.
- the content is preferably 12% by mass, more preferably 12 to 40% by mass, still more preferably 15 to 35% by mass, and particularly preferably 15 to 30% by mass.
- the binder polymer as the component (A) according to this embodiment preferably contains styrene or a styrene derivative as a polymerizable monomer from the viewpoint of adhesion and chemical resistance.
- the content thereof (mixing ratio of styrene or styrene derivative to the total amount of polymerizable monomers used in the binder polymer) further improves adhesion and chemical resistance. From the viewpoint, it is preferably 10 to 60% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 50% by mass. When the content is 10% by mass or more, the adhesion tends to be improved. When the content is 60% by mass or less, it is possible to suppress the peeling pieces from being enlarged during development, and to increase the time required for peeling. is there.
- the content of the structural unit derived from styrene or a styrene derivative in the binder polymer (A) is preferably 10 to 60% by mass because it correlates with the blending ratio of the styrene or styrene derivative. More preferably, it is 50 mass%.
- binder polymers can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- binder polymer (A) used in combination of two or more types include, for example, two or more binder polymers composed of different copolymerization monomers, two or more binder polymers having different weight average molecular weights, and different dispersions. 2 or more types of binder polymers.
- the (A) binder polymer can be produced by an ordinary method. Specifically, for example, it can be produced by radical polymerization of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid, styrene and the like.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (A) binder polymer is preferably 20,000 to 300,000, and preferably 40,000 to 150,000 from the viewpoint of improving mechanical strength and alkali developability in a balanced manner. More preferably, it is 40,000 to 120,000, still more preferably 50,000 to 80,000.
- the weight average molecular weight is a value measured by a gel permeation chromatography method (GPC) and converted by a calibration curve prepared using standard polystyrene.
- the content of the (A) binder polymer is preferably 30 to 80 parts by mass, and preferably 40 to 75 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass as a total of the component (A) and the component (B) described later. Is more preferably 50 to 70 parts by mass. When the content of the component (A) is within this range, the coating properties of the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure and the strength of the photocured product become better.
- (B) Photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond (B)
- the photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond (hereinafter also referred to as “component (B)”) used in the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure according to this embodiment has a resolution, adhesion, and A (meth) acrylate compound having at least a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol is included from the standpoint of improving the resistance to resist skirt generation in a balanced manner.
- the (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol means an esterified product of dipentaerythritol and (meth) acrylic acid, and the esterified product is modified with an oxyalkylene group. It is defined that the compound also contains. Further, the number of ester bonds in one molecule is 6, but a compound having 1 to 5 ester bonds may be mixed.
- the (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol preferably has an ethylene oxide chain from the viewpoint of forming a resist pattern that is superior in terms of resolution, adhesion, and resist skirt generation. Compounds modified with oxyethylene groups are preferred.
- examples of the (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol include compounds represented by the following general formula (II).
- each R 4 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- A represents an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms include ethylene group, propylene group, isopropylene group, butylene group, pentylene group and hexylene group.
- an ethylene group or an isopropylene group is preferable, and an ethylene group is more preferable from the viewpoint of improving the resolution, adhesion, and suppression of resist skirt generation.
- a plurality of A's may be the same or different.
- each n is independently an integer of 0 to 20. From the viewpoint of further improving the resolution, n is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 7, still more preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 2 to 4.
- the content of the (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol is from the standpoint of improving the resolution, adhesion, and suppression of resist skirt generation in a well-balanced manner.
- the amount is preferably 3 to 25 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to the total amount of 100 parts by mass.
- the content of the (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol is preferably 5 to 60% by mass with respect to the total amount of component (B), and preferably 10 to 50% by mass. Is more preferably 10 to 40% by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 30% by mass.
- the photopolymerizable compound (B) having an ethylenically unsaturated bond used in the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure according to this embodiment improves the resolution, adhesion, and resist skirt generation in a well-balanced manner.
- the compound represented by the following general formula (III) is included.
- the compound represented by the following general formula (III) is a photopolymerizable compound having a hydrophobic action.
- R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- X and Y each independently represent an ethylene group or a propylene group
- XO and YO Each independently represents an oxyethylene group or an oxypropylene group.
- an oxyethylene group and an oxypropylene group when present, they may be arranged in a block form (block copolymerization) or may be arranged in a random form (random copolymerization). Good.
- P 1 , p 2 , q 1 and q 2 each independently represent a numerical value of 0 to 9, p 1 + q 1 and p 2 + q 2 are both 1 or more, and p 1 + q 1 + p 2 + q 2 is 2-9.
- p 1 , p 2 , q 1 and q 2 indicate the number of structural units of oxyethylene group or oxypropylene group, and therefore an integer value is shown for a single molecule, and an average value is an aggregate of a plurality of molecules. Indicates a rational number.
- p 1 + q 1 + p 2 + q 2 is the resolution, adhesion, and inhibition of the resist skirt generated from the viewpoint of further improving good balance, preferably more than 2, more to be from 2.1 to 9.0 Preferably, it is 2.3 to 5.0.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (III) include 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxyethoxy) phenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxypropoxy). ) Phenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxyethoxypropoxy) phenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxypolyethoxy) phenyl) propane, 2,2 -Bis (4-((meth) acryloxypolypropoxy) phenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxypolyethoxypolypropoxy) phenyl) propane and the like. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of commercially available compounds represented by the general formula (III) include BPE-200, which is 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxydiethoxy) phenyl) propane. 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxyethoxy) phenyl) propane BPE-100 or BPE-80N (both manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., product name), BP-2EM (Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.) Product name).
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (III) is preferably 5 to 30% by mass, and preferably 6 to 20% by mass with respect to the total amount of the component (A) and the component (B). More preferred. In addition, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (III) is preferably 15 to 40% by mass, and more preferably 18 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the component (B).
- the component (B) contains a bisphenol A-based (meth) acrylate compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (III) from the viewpoint of improving the resolution, adhesion, and suppression of resist skirt generation in a balanced manner. Is preferred.
- Examples of commercially available bisphenol A (meth) acrylate compounds other than the compound represented by the general formula (III) include 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxypentaethoxy).
- Phenyl) propane BPE-500 product name, manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.
- FA-321M product name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxy) BPE-1300N made by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., product name) which is pentadecaethoxy) phenyl) propane.
- 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxypentaethoxy) phenyl) propane is preferred.
- the content of the bisphenol A (meth) acrylate compound including the compound represented by the general formula (III) is preferably 5 to 50% by mass with respect to the total amount of the component (A) and the component (B). 28 to 50% by mass is more preferable.
- the content of the bisphenol A (meth) acrylate compound including the compound represented by the general formula (III) is preferably 40 to 95% by mass, and preferably 50 to 90% by mass with respect to the total amount of the component (B). % Is more preferable, 60 to 90% by mass is further preferable, and 70 to 90% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the component (B) used in the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure has a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol from the viewpoint of improving the resolution, adhesion, and resist skirt generation in a more balanced manner.
- (meth) acrylate compound having, and 2,2-bis (4-((meth) acryloxydiethoxy) phenyl) propane which is a compound represented by the general formula (III)
- photopolymerizable compounds can be used as the component (B).
- Examples of other photopolymerizable compounds include compounds obtained by reacting polyhydric alcohols with ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids, urethane monomers such as (meth) acrylate compounds having a urethane bond, nonylphenoxyethyleneoxy ( (Meth) acrylate, nonylphenoxyoctaethyleneoxy (meth) acrylate, ⁇ -chloro- ⁇ -hydroxypropyl- ⁇ '-(meth) acryloyloxyethyl-o-phthalate, ⁇ -hydroxyethyl- ⁇ '-(meth) acryloyloxy And ethyl-o-phthalate, ⁇ -hydroxypropyl- ⁇ ′-(meth) acryloyloxyethyl-o-phthalate, and (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester. These can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of the compound obtained by reacting the polyhydric alcohol with an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid include, for example, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate having 2 to 14 ethylene groups, and 2 to 2 propylene groups.
- An acrylate etc. are mentioned. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the other photopolymerizable compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the component (B) is preferably 20 to 70 parts by mass, more preferably 25 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the components (A) and (B). 30 to 50 parts by mass is particularly preferable.
- the content of the component (B) is within this range, in addition to the resolution and adhesion of the photosensitive resin composition and the suppression of resist skirt generation, the photosensitivity and the coating properties become better.
- (C) Photopolymerization initiator examples include benzophenone, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1, 2- Aromatic ketones such as methyl-1- [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholino-propanone-1, quinones such as alkylanthraquinones, benzoin ether compounds such as benzoin alkyl ether, benzoin compounds such as benzoin and alkylbenzoin 2,4 such as benzyl derivatives such as benzyldimethyl ketal, 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2- (o-fluorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer , 5-triarylimidazole dimer, 9-phenylacridine,
- 2,4,5-triarylimidazole dimer is preferably contained.
- Examples of the 2,4,5-triarylimidazole dimer include 2- (o-fluorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-diphenyl. Imidazole dimer, 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-bis- (m-methoxyphenyl) imidazole dimer, 2- (p-methoxyphenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, etc. Is mentioned. Among these, 2- (o-chlorophenyl) -4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer is preferable.
- 2,4,5-triarylimidazole dimer examples include 2,2′-bis (2-chlorophenyl) -4,4 ′, 5,5′-tetraphenylbisimidazole and B-CIM (Hodogaya). It is commercially available as a product name) manufactured by Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the content of the component (C) is preferably 0.01 to 30 parts by mass, and preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the components (A) and (B). More preferred is 1 to 7 parts by mass, even more preferred is 1 to 6 parts by mass, particularly preferred is 2 to 6 parts by mass, and particularly preferred is 3 to 5 parts by mass. preferable.
- the content of the component (C) is 0.01 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the components (A) and (B)
- the photosensitivity, resolution, or adhesion tends to be improved. There exists a tendency which is excellent in a resist shape as it is below a mass part.
- (D) Sensitizing dye includes, for example, dialkylaminobenzophenones, anthracenes, coumarins, xanthones, oxazoles, benzoxazoles, thiazoles, benzothiazoles, Examples include triazoles, stilbenes, triazines, thiophenes, naphthalimides, pyrazolines, and triarylamines. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable to contain dialkylaminobenzophenones or pyrazolines.
- dialkylaminobenzophenones for example, 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone is commercially available as EAB (product name, manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- pyrazolines for example, 1-phenyl-3- (4-methoxystyryl) -5- (4-methoxyphenyl) pyrazoline) (manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is commercially available.
- the content of dialkylaminobenzophenones in the sensitizing dye as component (D) is preferably 10% by mass to 100% by mass, and preferably 30% by mass to 100% by mass in the total amount of component (D). More preferred is 50 to 100% by mass. When the content ratio is 10% by mass or more, high sensitivity and high resolution tend to be obtained.
- the content of the component (D) is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, and preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight as the total of the components (A) and (B). More preferred is 0.1 to 3 parts by mass. If the content is 0.01 parts by mass or more, sufficiently good photosensitivity and resolution tend to be easily obtained, and if it is 10 parts by mass or less, a sufficiently good resist shape tends to be easily obtained.
- the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure includes, if necessary, dyes such as malachite green, Victoria pure blue, brilliant green, and methyl violet, tribromophenyl sulfone, leuco crystal violet, diphenylamine.
- Photochromic agents such as benzylamine, triphenylamine, diethylaniline, o-chloroaniline and tertiary butyl catechol, thermochromic inhibitors, plasticizers such as p-toluenesulfonamide, pigments, fillers, antifoaming agents, Additives such as flame retardants, adhesion-imparting agents, leveling agents, peeling accelerators, antioxidants, fragrances, imaging agents, thermal cross-linking agents, polymerization inhibitors, etc., total amount of component (A) and component (B) 100 mass Each can be contained in an amount of 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to parts. These additives can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure according to this embodiment can contain at least one organic solvent as necessary.
- the organic solvent normally can be especially used without a restriction
- the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure according to this embodiment is applied to projection exposure applications.
- the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure which concerns on this embodiment can be used suitably for the formation method of a resist pattern, the application to the manufacturing method which forms a conductor pattern by plating process is more suitable especially.
- the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure according to the present embodiment includes, for example, the (A) binder polymer, (B) a photopolymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated bond, and (C) a photopolymerization initiator, (D)
- a sensitizing dye can be dissolved in the organic solvent and used as a solution having a solid content of 30 to 60% by mass (hereinafter also referred to as “coating solution”).
- solid content means the remaining component remove
- the coating liquid can be used, for example, for forming a photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “photosensitive resin layer”) as follows.
- the said coating liquid is apply
- the metal plate examples include a metal plate made of an iron-based alloy such as copper, a copper-based alloy, nickel, chromium, iron, or stainless steel, and preferably a metal plate made of copper, a copper-based alloy, or an iron-based alloy. Is mentioned.
- the thickness of the photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure to be formed varies depending on the application, but is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m after drying. You may coat
- the protective layer include polymer films such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
- the photosensitive element which concerns on this embodiment is related with the photosensitive element which has a support body and the photosensitive resin layer formed using the said photosensitive resin composition for projection exposures on the said support body.
- the photosensitive element 1 according to the present embodiment is derived from a support 2 and the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure formed on the support 2.
- a photosensitive resin layer 3 for projection exposure, and other layers such as a protective layer 4 provided as necessary.
- a polymer film (also referred to as “support film”) having heat resistance and solvent resistance such as polyester such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate can be used.
- the thickness of the support is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, still more preferably 1 to 30 ⁇ m. There exists a tendency which can suppress that a support body is torn when peeling a support body because the thickness of a support body is 1 micrometer or more. Moreover, there exists a tendency for the fall of the resolution to be suppressed because the thickness of a support body is 100 micrometers or less.
- the photosensitive element may further include a protective layer 4 that covers the surface (surface) opposite to the surface facing the support 2 of the photosensitive resin layer 3 for projection exposure, if necessary.
- the protective layer preferably has a lower adhesive strength to the photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure than the adhesive strength of the support to the photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure, and is preferably a low fish eye film.
- fish eye means that a material constituting the protective layer is melted by heat, kneaded, extruded, biaxially stretched, a film is produced by a casting method, etc., and foreign material, undissolved material, oxidative deterioration of the material. This means that an object or the like is taken into the film. That is, “low fish eye” means that the above-mentioned foreign matter or the like in the film is small.
- a polymer film having heat resistance and solvent resistance such as polyester such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate can be used as the protective layer.
- polyester such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate
- polyethylene terephthalate films such as PS series such as Alfane MA-410 and E-200C manufactured by Oji Paper Co., Ltd., polypropylene film manufactured by Shin-Etsu Film Co., Ltd., and PS-25 manufactured by Teijin Limited. It is done.
- the protective layer may be the same as the above support.
- the thickness of the protective layer is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m, still more preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 15 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the protective layer is 1 ⁇ m or more, there is a tendency that the protective layer can be prevented from being broken when the photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure and the support are laminated on the substrate while peeling off the protective layer.
- the photosensitive element which concerns on this embodiment can be manufactured as follows, for example. A step of preparing a coating solution obtained by dissolving the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure in the organic solvent, a step of coating the coating solution on a support to form a coating layer, and drying the coating layer. And a step of forming a photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure.
- coating solution onto the support can be performed by a known method using, for example, roll coating, comma coating, gravure coating, air knife coating, die coating, bar coating, spray coating, or the like.
- the drying of the coating layer is not particularly limited as long as at least a part of the organic solvent can be removed from the coating layer. For example, it can be performed at 70 to 150 ° C. for 5 to 30 minutes. After drying, the amount of the remaining organic solvent in the photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure is preferably 2% by mass or less from the viewpoint of preventing diffusion of the organic solvent in the subsequent step.
- the thickness of the photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure in the photosensitive element can be appropriately selected depending on the application, but it is preferably 1 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m in terms of the thickness after drying. It is particularly preferable that the thickness is ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the photosensitive resin layer is 1 ⁇ m or more, industrial coating becomes easy and productivity tends to be improved.
- the thickness of the photosensitive resin layer is 200 ⁇ m or less, the photosensitivity is high, the photocurability at the bottom of the resist is excellent, and there is a tendency to form a resist pattern that is excellent in adhesion, resolution, and resist skirt generation. is there.
- the photosensitive element according to the present embodiment may further include an intermediate layer such as a cushion layer, an adhesive layer, a light absorption layer, or a gas barrier layer, if necessary.
- an intermediate layer such as a cushion layer, an adhesive layer, a light absorption layer, or a gas barrier layer, if necessary.
- the form of the photosensitive element according to this embodiment is not particularly limited.
- a sheet shape may be sufficient and the shape wound up by the roll shape on the core may be sufficient.
- the winding core include plastics such as polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, or ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer).
- an end face separator on the end face of the roll-shaped photosensitive element roll thus obtained, and from the standpoint of edge fusion resistance, a moisture-proof end face separator should be installed. Is preferred.
- a packaging method it is preferable to wrap and package in a black sheet with low moisture permeability.
- the photosensitive element according to the present embodiment can be suitably used, for example, for a resist pattern forming method described later.
- the resist pattern forming method includes (i) a photosensitive resin layer forming step in which a photosensitive resin layer is formed on the substrate using the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure, and (ii) photo An exposure step of exposing at least a part of the photosensitive resin layer through a lens using an actinic ray onto which an image of a mask is projected, and photocuring the exposed portion; (iii) an uncured portion of the photosensitive resin layer And a development step of removing the substrate from the substrate by development.
- the method for forming a resist pattern according to this embodiment may include other steps as necessary.
- Photosensitive resin layer forming step a photosensitive resin layer derived from the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure is formed on a substrate.
- a photosensitive resin layer derived from the above-described photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure is formed on a substrate.
- substrate for circuit formation provided with the insulating layer and the conductor layer formed on the insulating layer, or die pads (base material for lead frames) etc., such as an alloy base material, is used. It is done.
- Examples of the method for forming the photosensitive resin layer on the substrate include a method using the above photosensitive element.
- a photosensitive element having a protective layer it can be carried out by removing the protective layer and then pressing the photosensitive resin layer of the photosensitive element to the substrate while heating. Thereby, the laminated body provided with a board
- Heating at the time of pressure bonding is preferably performed at a temperature of 70 to 130 ° C.
- the pressure bonding is preferably performed at a pressure of 0.1 to 1.0 MPa (1 to 10 kgf / cm 2 ), but these conditions are appropriately selected as necessary. If the photosensitive resin layer of the photosensitive element is heated to 70 to 130 ° C., it is not necessary to preheat the substrate in advance, but in order to further improve the adhesion and followability, the substrate is preheated. It can also be done.
- Exposure process In the exposure process, by irradiating at least a part of the photosensitive resin layer formed on the substrate with actinic rays through a lens using actinic rays onto which an image of a photomask is projected, A portion irradiated with actinic rays (hereinafter also referred to as “exposed portion”) is photocured to form a photocured portion (latent image).
- exposed portion A portion irradiated with actinic rays
- the photosensitive resin layer is formed using the photosensitive element
- the support existing on the photosensitive resin layer is transmissive to the active light
- the active light is irradiated through the support.
- the support is light-shielding against actinic rays
- the photosensitive resin layer is irradiated with actinic rays after the support is removed.
- an exposure method other than the projection exposure method may be used in combination.
- the exposure method includes a method of irradiating actinic rays in an image form through a negative or positive mask pattern called an artwork (mask exposure method).
- a known light source for example, a gas laser such as a carbon arc lamp, a mercury vapor arc lamp, an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, an argon laser; a solid state laser such as a YAG laser; A semiconductor laser such as a laser that effectively emits ultraviolet light is used. Moreover, you may use what radiates
- (Iii) Development Step In the development step, the uncured portion (unexposed portion) of the photosensitive resin layer is removed from the substrate by development, whereby a resist made of a cured product obtained by photocuring the photosensitive resin layer. A pattern is formed on the substrate.
- a support is present on the photosensitive resin layer, the support is removed and then the unexposed areas other than the exposed areas are removed. (Development) is performed. Development methods include wet development and dry development.
- wet development can be performed by a known wet development method using a developer corresponding to the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure.
- wet development methods include methods using dipping, paddle, high pressure spray, brushing, slapping, scrubbing, rocking immersion, etc., and high pressure spray is the most suitable from the viewpoint of improving resolution. ing.
- These wet development methods may be developed by combining two or more methods.
- the configuration of the developer is appropriately selected according to the configuration of the photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure.
- alkaline aqueous solution aqueous developer, organic solvent developer and the like can be mentioned.
- An alkaline aqueous solution is safe and stable when used as a developer, and has good operability.
- Examples of the base of the alkaline aqueous solution include alkali hydroxides such as lithium, sodium or potassium hydroxide, alkali carbonates such as lithium, sodium, potassium or ammonium carbonate or bicarbonate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate Alkali metal phosphates such as alkali metal pyrophosphates such as sodium pyrophosphate and potassium pyrophosphate are used.
- Examples of the alkaline aqueous solution used for development include a dilute solution of 0.1 to 5% by mass of sodium carbonate, a dilute solution of 0.1 to 5% by mass of potassium carbonate, a dilute solution of 0.1 to 5% by mass of sodium hydroxide, A dilute solution of 1 to 5% by mass sodium tetraborate is preferred.
- the pH of the alkaline aqueous solution used for development is preferably in the range of 9 to 11, and the temperature is adjusted in accordance with the developability of the photosensitive resin layer. Further, in the alkaline aqueous solution, for example, a surface active agent, an antifoaming agent, a small amount of an organic solvent for accelerating development may be mixed.
- the aqueous developer examples include a developer composed of water or an alkaline aqueous solution and one or more organic solvents.
- the base of the alkaline aqueous solution in addition to the substances described above, for example, sodium borate, sodium metasilicate, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl- Examples include 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-diaminopropanol-2, and morpholine.
- the pH of the aqueous developer is preferably as low as possible within the range where development is sufficiently performed, preferably pH 8 to 12, and more preferably pH 9 to 10.
- Examples of the organic solvent used in the aqueous developer include 3-acetone alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate, alkoxyethanol having an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono Examples include ethyl ether and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the concentration of the organic solvent in the aqueous developer is usually preferably 2 to 90% by mass, and the temperature can be adjusted according to the developability. A small amount of a surfactant, an antifoaming agent or the like can be mixed in the aqueous developer.
- organic solvent used in the organic solvent developer examples include 1,1,1-trichloroethane, N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ⁇ -butyrolactone. These organic solvents are preferably added with water in the range of 1 to 20% by mass to prevent the ignition of the organic solvent to form an organic solvent developer.
- the resist pattern is formed by heating at 60 to 250 ° C. as necessary, or by performing exposure at an exposure amount of 0.2 to 10 J / cm 2. Further, it may be used after being cured.
- a method for manufacturing a printed wiring board according to the present embodiment includes a step of forming a conductor pattern by etching or plating a substrate on which a resist pattern is formed by the method for forming a resist pattern. About. Moreover, the manufacturing method of the printed wiring board which concerns on this embodiment may be comprised including other processes, such as a resist pattern removal process, as needed.
- the conductor layer of the substrate not covered with the resist is removed by etching to form a conductor pattern.
- Etching method is appropriately selected according to the conductor layer to be removed.
- Etching solutions include, for example, cupric chloride solution, ferric chloride solution, alkaline etching solution, hydrogen peroxide-based etching solution, etc., and ferric chloride solution should be used from the point of good etch factor. Is desirable.
- the plating process copper or solder is plated on the conductor layer of the substrate not covered with the resist, using the resist pattern formed on the substrate provided with the conductor layer as a mask. After the plating treatment, the resist is removed by removing a resist pattern, which will be described later, and the conductor layer covered with this resist is etched to form a conductor pattern.
- the plating treatment method may be electrolytic plating treatment or electroless plating treatment, but electroless plating treatment is preferred.
- electroless plating treatment include copper plating such as copper sulfate plating and copper pyrophosphate plating, solder plating such as high-throw solder plating, nickel plating such as watt bath (nickel sulfate-nickel chloride) plating and nickel sulfamate plating, Gold plating such as hard gold plating and soft gold plating can be used.
- the resist pattern on the substrate is removed.
- the resist pattern can be removed, for example, by stripping and removing with a stronger alkaline aqueous solution than the alkaline aqueous solution used in the development step.
- a stronger alkaline aqueous solution for example, a 1 to 10% by mass sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, a 1 to 10% by mass potassium hydroxide aqueous solution and the like are used. Among these, it is preferable to use a 1 to 5 mass% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution or a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution.
- Examples of the resist pattern peeling method include an immersion method and a spray method, and these may be used alone or in combination.
- a desired printed wiring board can be manufactured by further etching the conductor layer covered with the resist by etching to form a conductor pattern.
- the etching method at this time is appropriately selected according to the conductor layer to be removed. For example, the above-described etching solution can be applied.
- the printed wiring board manufacturing method according to the present embodiment can be applied not only to a single-layer printed wiring board but also to a multilayer printed wiring board, and also to a printed wiring board having a small-diameter through hole. Is possible.
- the method for manufacturing a printed wiring board according to the present embodiment can be suitably used for manufacturing a high-density package substrate, particularly for manufacturing a wiring board by a semi-additive construction method.
- An example of the manufacturing process of the wiring board by the semi-additive construction method is shown in FIG.
- a substrate (circuit forming substrate) in which the conductor layer 10 is formed on the insulating layer 15 is prepared.
- the conductor layer 10 is, for example, a metal copper layer.
- the photosensitive resin layer 32 for projection exposure is laminated on the conductor layer 10 of the substrate by the photosensitive resin layer forming step.
- an actinic ray 50 obtained by projecting a photomask image onto the photosensitive resin layer 32 for projection exposure is irradiated to expose the photosensitive resin layer 32 for projection exposure to form a photocured portion. To do.
- the resist pattern 30 which is a photocuring part is formed on a board
- the plating layer 42 is formed on the conductor layer 10 of the board
- FIG. 2F after the resist pattern 30 which is a photocured portion is peeled off with a strong alkaline aqueous solution, a part of the plating layer 42 and the conductor layer 10 masked by the resist pattern 30 are removed by flash etching.
- the circuit pattern 40 is formed by removing.
- the conductor layer 10 and the plating layer 42 may be made of the same material or different materials. However, when the conductor layer 10 and the plating layer 42 are made of the same material, the conductor layer 10 and the plating layer 42 are used. And unite.
- the lead frame manufacturing method according to the present embodiment relates to a lead frame manufacturing method including a step of forming a conductor pattern by plating a substrate on which a resist pattern is formed by the resist pattern forming method.
- the lead frame manufacturing method according to the present embodiment may be configured to include other processes such as a resist pattern removing process and an etching process, if necessary.
- a die pad such as an alloy substrate is used as the substrate.
- the substrate is plated using a resist pattern formed on the substrate as a mask.
- Examples of the plating method include those described in the above-described printed wiring board manufacturing method.
- the resist pattern on the substrate is removed.
- the resist pattern can be removed by, for example, a stronger alkaline aqueous solution than the alkaline aqueous solution used in the development step.
- Examples of the strong alkaline aqueous solution include those described in the method for producing a printed wiring board described above.
- the resist pattern peeling method examples include an immersion method and a spray method, which may be used alone or in combination.
- the lead frame After removing the resist pattern, the lead frame can be manufactured by further performing an etching process to remove an unnecessary metal layer.
- binder polymer (A-1) shown in Tables 1 to 4 below was synthesized according to Synthesis Example 1
- binder polymer (A-2) was synthesized according to Synthesis Example 2.
- mixture x a mixture of methyl cellosolve and toluene having a mass ratio of 6: 4 (hereinafter referred to as “mixture x”) was added to a flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a nitrogen gas introduction tube. The mixture was stirred while blowing nitrogen gas and heated to 80 ° C.
- the solution a was added dropwise to the mixture x in the flask over a period of 4 hours at a constant dropping rate, and then stirred at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the solution b was dropped into the solution in the flask at a constant dropping rate over 10 minutes, and then the solution in the flask was stirred at 80 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the temperature of the solution in the flask was raised to 90 ° C. over 30 minutes, kept at 90 ° C. for 2 hours, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a solution of binder polymer (A-1).
- Acetone was added to the binder polymer (A-1) solution to prepare a nonvolatile component (solid content) of 50% by mass.
- the room temperature in this invention means 25 degreeC.
- the solution c was added dropwise to the mixture x in the flask over a period of 4 hours at a constant dropping rate, and then stirred at 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the solution d was dropped into the solution in the flask at a constant dropping rate over 10 minutes, and then the solution in the flask was stirred at 80 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the temperature of the solution in the flask was raised to 90 ° C. over 30 minutes, kept at 90 ° C. for 2 hours, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a solution of binder polymer (A-2).
- Acetone was added to the binder polymer (A-2) solution to prepare a nonvolatile component (solid content) of 50% by mass.
- the weight average molecular weight of the binder polymer (A-1) was 50,000, and the acid value was 163 mgKOH / g.
- the binder polymer (A-2) had a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 and an acid value of 163 mgKOH / g.
- the weight average molecular weight was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and derived by conversion using a standard polystyrene calibration curve. The GPC conditions are shown below.
- GPC condition Pump Hitachi L-6000 type (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) Column: Gelpack GL-R420 + Gelpack GL-R430 + Gelpack GL-R440 (3 in total) (above, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., product name) Eluent: Tetrahydrofuran Measurement temperature: 25 ° C Flow rate: 2.05 mL / min Detector: Hitachi L-3300 type RI (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., product name)
- Component (B): Photopolymerizable compound * 3: (B-1) Compound in which n 0 in general formula (II) and R 4 is a methyl group ((meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol) * 4: (B-2)
- Photopolymerization initiator * 13 B-CIM (Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd., product name) 2,2'-bis (2-chlorophenyl) -4,4 ', 5,5'-tetraphenylbisimidazole
- Sensitizing dye * 14 EAB (Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd., product name) 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone * 15: pyrazoline compound (manufactured by Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., compound name: 1-phenyl-3- (4-methoxystyryl) -5- (4-methoxyphenyl) pyrazoline)
- the photosensitive resin compositions of Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 12 obtained above were each formed on a polyethylene terephthalate film (product name “HTF01” manufactured by Teijin Limited) having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m (support). It applied so that it might become uniform, and it dried for 10 minutes with a 100 degreeC hot air convection dryer, and formed the photosensitive resin layer whose film thickness after drying is 25 micrometers.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film product name “HTF01” manufactured by Teijin Limited
- a polypropylene film (manufactured by Tamapoly Co., Ltd., product name “NF-15”) (protective layer) is bonded onto the photosensitive resin layer, and a polyethylene terephthalate film (support), a photosensitive resin layer, a protective layer, Obtained a photosensitive element laminated in this order.
- the copper surface of a copper-clad laminate (substrate, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., product name “MCL-E-67”), which is a glass epoxy material in which copper foil with a thickness of 12 ⁇ m is laminated on both sides, is equipped with a brush equivalent to # 600 Polishing was performed using a polishing machine (manufactured by Sankei Co., Ltd.), washed with water, and dried with an air flow.
- the polished copper-clad laminate was heated to 80 ° C., and the photosensitive element obtained above was laminated so that the photosensitive resin layer was in contact with the copper surface while peeling off the protective layer. Lamination was performed using a heat roll at 110 ° C.
- stacked in order of the copper clad laminated board, the photosensitive resin layer, and the support body was obtained, respectively.
- the obtained laminate was used as a test piece in the following evaluation.
- the support was peeled off from the test piece, and a 1.0% by mass sodium carbonate aqueous solution at 30 ° C. was used, and the time during which the unexposed area was completely removed was defined as the minimum development time.
- the photosensitive resin layer was spray-developed, and the unexposed portion was removed and development processing was performed.
- the number of remaining steps of the step tablet of the photocured product formed on the copper clad laminate at each exposure amount was measured.
- a calibration curve between the exposure amount and the number of remaining step steps was prepared, and the amount of energy (mJ / cm 2 ) at which the number of remaining step steps after development was 14.0 steps was determined to be the photosensitivity of the photosensitive resin composition. .
- a projection exposure apparatus product name “UX-2240SMXJ-01” manufactured by USHIO INC.
- a semiconductor laser having a wavelength of 365 nm as a light source
- the number of remaining step stages after development of the Hitachi 41-stage step tablet is 14.0.
- the photosensitive resin layer was exposed with a level of energy. After the exposure, the same development treatment as in the photosensitivity measurement test was performed.
- the resist pattern was observed using an optical microscope.
- the width of the line portion is minimized (minimum) Line width, unit: ⁇ m) was used as an index for adhesion evaluation. It shows that adhesiveness is so favorable that this figure is small.
- Tables 5-8 The results are shown in Tables 5-8.
- a projection exposure apparatus product name “UX-2240SMXJ-01” manufactured by USHIO INC.
- a semiconductor laser having a wavelength of 365 nm the light source
- the number of remaining step stages after development of the Hitachi 41-stage step tablet is 14.0 stages.
- the photosensitive resin layer was exposed with an energy amount of After the exposure, the same development treatment as in the photosensitivity measurement test was performed.
- the resist bottom was evaluated by observing a line portion having a line width of 10 ⁇ m in the resist pattern formed in the evaluation of adhesion. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, product name “SU-1500”), the resist shape was observed at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV, a magnification of 3,000 times, and a tilt angle of 60 degrees.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the resist bottom was evaluated based on the following criteria. That is, when the maximum value of the skirt length generated from the resist side surface and the resist bottom was 0 ⁇ m or more and less than 0.5 ⁇ m, it was evaluated as “A”, and when it was 0.5 ⁇ m or more, “B” was evaluated. Further, when an undercut was observed at the bottom of the resist, it was evaluated as “C”.
- the evaluation results are shown in Tables 5-8.
- Comparative Example 1 uses a bifunctional (meth) acrylate compound as the component (B), but does not use a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol. In addition to being inferior to the adhesion and resolution of the resist pattern formed as compared with Examples 1 to 6, the results were also inferior in resist skirt generation suppression.
- Comparative Examples 2 and 3 use a tri- or higher functional (meth) acrylate compound as the component (B), but do not use a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol. In this case, however, the resist skirt occurrence of the resist pattern formed was inferior to that of Examples 1 to 6 in terms of suppression.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the resist patterns formed in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, respectively. From FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, the resist pattern (FIGS. 4 and 5) formed in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 has a resist skirt having a length of 0.5 ⁇ m or more, whereas it was formed in Example 2. In the resist pattern (FIG. 3), it can be seen that almost no resist bottom is generated.
- the photosensitive resin compositions of Examples 1 to 6 can form a resist pattern excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation in the projection exposure method.
- Comparative Example 6 does not use the compound represented by the general formula (III).
- the adhesiveness of the resist pattern formed, the resolution, and the resist soot are compared with Examples 1 to 6. The result was inferior to the suppression of occurrence. From these results, the resist pattern adhesion, resolution, and resist skirt generation inhibition are the compounds represented by the general formula (III) (BPE-200, BPE-100, It was found that improvement could not be achieved without adding BPE-80N).
- Comparative Example 7 uses a bifunctional (meth) acrylate compound as the component (B), but does not use a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol. In addition to being inferior to the adhesiveness and resolution of the resist pattern formed as compared with Examples 7 to 12, the results were inferior in resist skirt generation suppression.
- Comparative Examples 8 and 9 use a tri- or higher functional (meth) acrylate compound as the component (B), but do not use a (meth) acrylate compound having a skeleton derived from dipentaerythritol. In this case, however, the resist skirt occurrence of the resist pattern formed was inferior to that of Examples 7 to 12 in terms of suppression.
- the photosensitive resin compositions of Examples 7 to 12 can form a resist pattern excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation in the projection exposure method.
- Comparative Example 12 does not use the compound represented by the general formula (III), and in this case, the adhesion of the resist pattern formed, the resolution, and the resist soot are compared with Examples 7 to 12. The result was inferior to the suppression of occurrence. From these results, the resist pattern adhesion, resolution, and resist skirt generation inhibition are the compounds represented by the general formula (III) (BPE-200, BPE-100, It was found that improvement could not be achieved without adding BPE-80N).
- a photosensitive resin composition for projection exposure that can form a resist pattern excellent in adhesion, resolution and resist skirt generation suppression, and photosensitivity using the same.
- An element, a resist pattern forming method, a printed wiring board manufacturing method, and a lead frame manufacturing method can be provided.
- SYMBOLS 1 Photosensitive element, 2 ... Support body, 32 ... Photosensitive resin layer for projection exposure, 4 ... Protective layer, 10 ... Conductive layer, 15 ... Insulating layer, 30 ... Resist pattern, 40 ... Circuit pattern, 42 ... Plating layer, 50 ... actinic rays.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態に係る投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物は、(A)バインダーポリマー、(B)エチレン性不飽和結合を有する光重合性化合物、(C)光重合開始剤、及び(D)増感色素を含有し、上記(B)エチレン性不飽和結合を有する光重合性化合物が、ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物及び一般式(III)で表される化合物を含む、投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物に関する。以下、本実施形態に係る投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物で用いられる各成分についてより詳細に説明する。
本実施形態に係る投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物で用いることのできる(A)バインダーポリマー(以下、「(A)成分」ともいう)としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アミド樹脂、アミドエポキシ樹脂、アルキド樹脂、及びフェノール樹脂等が挙げられる。アルカリ現像性の見地からは、アクリル樹脂が好ましい。これらは1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
H2C=C(R6)-COOR7 (I)
本実施形態に係る投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物で用いられる(B)エチレン性不飽和結合を有する光重合性化合物(以下、「(B)成分」ともいう)は、解像度、密着性、及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性をバランスよく向上させる見地から、少なくともジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物を含む。ここで、ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物とは、ジペンタエリスリトールと、(メタ)アクリル酸とのエステル化物を意味するものとし、当該エステル化物には、オキシアルキレン基で変性された化合物も含有するものと定義する。また、一分子中におけるエステル結合の数は、6であるが、エステル結合の数が1~5の化合物が混合していてもよい。上記ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物は、解像度、密着性、及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性により優れたレジストパターンを形成する見地から、エチレンオキサイド鎖を有することが好ましく、すなわち、オキシエチレン基で変性された化合物が好ましい。
(C)光重合開始剤(以下、「(C)成分」ともいう)としては、例えば、ベンゾフェノン、2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルホリノフェニル)-ブタノン-1、2-メチル-1-[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モルフォリノ-プロパノン-1などの芳香族ケトン、アルキルアントラキノンなどのキノン類、ベンゾインアルキルエーテルなどのベンゾインエーテル化合物、ベンゾイン、アルキルベンゾインなどのベンゾイン化合物、ベンジルジメチルケタールなどのベンジル誘導体、2-(o-クロロフェニル)-4,5-ジフェニルイミダゾール二量体、2-(o-フルオロフェニル)-4,5-ジフェニルイミダゾール二量体などの2,4,5-トリアリールイミダゾール二量体、9-フェニルアクリジン、1,7-(9,9’-アクリジニル)ヘプタンなどのアクリジン誘導体等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
(D)増感色素(以下、「(D)成分」ともいう)は、例えば、ジアルキルアミノベンゾフェノン類、アントラセン類、クマリン類、キサントン類、オキサゾール類、ベンゾオキサゾール類、チアゾール類、ベンゾチアゾール類、トリアゾール類、スチルベン類、トリアジン類、チオフェン類、ナフタルイミド類、ピラゾリン類、及びトリアリールアミン類等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用されることができる。これらの中では、ジアルキルアミノベンゾフェノン類又はピラゾリン類を含有することが好ましい。ジアルキルアミノベンゾフェノン類としては、例えば、4,4’-ビス(ジエチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノンは、EAB(保土ヶ谷化学工業株式会社製、製品名)として、商業的に入手可能である。ピラゾリン類としては、例えば、1-フェニル-3-(4-メトキシスチリル)-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)ピラゾリン)(日本化学工業株式会社製)が商業的に入手可能である。
また、本実施形態に係る投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて、マラカイトグリーン、ビクトリアピュアブルー、ブリリアントグリーン、及びメチルバイオレットなどの染料、トリブロモフェニルスルホン、ロイコクリスタルバイオレット、ジフェニルアミン、ベンジルアミン、トリフェニルアミン、ジエチルアニリン、o-クロロアニリン及びターシャリブチルカテコールなどの光発色剤、熱発色防止剤、p-トルエンスルホンアミドなどの可塑剤、顔料、充填剤、消泡剤、難燃剤、密着性付与剤、レベリング剤、剥離促進剤、酸化防止剤、香料、イメージング剤、熱架橋剤、重合禁止剤等の添加剤を、(A)成分及び(B)成分の総量100質量部に対して各々0.01~20質量部含有することができる。これらの添加剤は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
本実施形態に係る感光性エレメントは、支持体と、当該支持体上に上記投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物を用いて形成された感光性樹脂層と、を有する、感光性エレメントに関する。図1にその一例の模式断面図を示すように、本実施形態に係る感光性エレメント1は、支持体2と、支持体2上に形成された上記投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物に由来する投影露光用感光性樹脂層3とを備え、必要に応じて設けられる保護層4等のその他の層を備えて構成される。
上記支持体としては、例えば、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、及びポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステルなどの耐熱性及び耐溶剤性を有する重合体フィルム(「支持フィルム」ともいう)を用いることができる。
上記感光性エレメントは、必要に応じて、投影露光用感光性樹脂層3の支持体2に対向する面とは反対側の面(表面)を被覆する保護層4を更に備えてもよい。
本実施形態に係る感光性エレメントは、例えば、以下のようにして製造することができる。上記投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物を上記有機溶剤に溶解した塗布液を準備する工程と、上記塗布液を支持体上に塗布して塗布層を形成する工程と、上記塗布層を乾燥して投影露光用感光性樹脂層を形成する工程と、を含む製造方法で製造することができる。
本実施形態に係るレジストパターンの形成方法は、(i)基板上に、上記投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物を用いて感光性樹脂層を形成する感光性樹脂層形成工程と、(ii)フォトマスクの像を投影させた活性光線を用いレンズを介して上記感光性樹脂層の少なくとも一部を露光し、露光部を光硬化させる露光工程と、(iii)上記感光性樹脂層の未硬化部分を上記基板上から現像により除去する現像工程と、を有する、レジストパターンの形成方法に関する。また、本実施形態に係るレジストパターンの形成方法は、必要に応じてその他の工程を含んでもよい。
感光性樹脂層形成工程においては、基板上に上記投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物に由来する感光性樹脂層が形成される。上記基板としては、特に制限されないが、通常、絶縁層と絶縁層上に形成された導体層とを備えた回路形成用基板、又は合金基材等のダイパッド(リードフレーム用基材)などが用いられる。
露光工程においては、フォトマスクの像を投影させた活性光線を用いレンズを介して、基板上に形成された感光性樹脂層の少なくとも一部に活性光線を照射することで、活性光線が照射された部分(以下、「露光部」ともいう)が光硬化して、光硬化部(潜像)が形成される。この際、上記感光性エレメントを用いて感光性樹脂層を形成する場合、感光性樹脂層上に存在する支持体が活性光線に対して透過性であるとき、支持体を通して活性光線を照射することができるが、支持体が活性光線に対して遮光性であるとき、支持体を除去した後に感光性樹脂層に活性光線を照射する。
現像工程においては、上記感光性樹脂層の未硬化部分(未露光部)が基板上から現像により除去されることで、上記感光性樹脂層が光硬化した硬化物からなるレジストパターンが基板上に形成される。
本実施形態に係るプリント配線板の製造方法は、上記レジストパターンの形成方法によりレジストパターンが形成された基板をエッチング処理又はめっき処理して導体パターンを形成する工程を含む、プリント配線板の製造方法に関する。また、本実施形態に係るプリント配線板の製造方法は、必要に応じて、レジストパターン除去工程等のその他の工程を含んで構成されてもよい。
本実施形態に係るリードフレームの製造方法は、上記レジストパターンの形成方法によりレジストパターンが形成された基板をめっき処理して導体パターンを形成する工程を含む、リードフレームの製造方法に関する。また、本実施形態に係るリードフレームの製造方法は、必要に応じて、レジストパターン除去工程、エッチング処理工程等のその他の工程を含んで構成されてもよい。
まず、下記表1~4に示すバインダーポリマー(A-1)を合成例1、バインダーポリマー(A-2)を合成例2に従って合成した。
共重合単量体としてメタクリル酸125g、メタクリル酸メチル25g、ベンジルメタクリレート125g及びスチレン225gと、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.5gとを混合して、溶液aを調製した。また、メチルセロソルブ60g及びトルエン40gの混合液(質量比6:4)100gに、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.2gを溶解して、溶液bを調製した。
共重合単量体としてメタクリル酸125g、メタクリル酸メチル25g、フェノキシエチルメタアクリレート125g及びスチレン225gと、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.5gとを混合して、溶液cを調製した。また、メチルセロソルブ60g及びトルエン40gの混合液(質量比6:4)100gに、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.2gを溶解して、溶液dを調製した。
ポンプ:日立 L-6000型(株式会社日立製作所製)
カラム:Gelpack GL-R420+Gelpack GL-R430+Gelpack GL-R440(計3本)(以上、日立化成株式会社製、製品名)
溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン
測定温度:25℃
流量:2.05mL/分
検出器:日立 L-3300型RI(株式会社日立製作所製、製品名)
次に、下記表1~4に示す各成分を同表に示す量で混合し、実施例1~12及び比較例1~12の感光性樹脂組成物を得た。なお、表中の数値は、混合部数(質量基準)を示す。また、(A)成分及び(B)成分の量は、いずれも固形分での質量を表す。
*1:(A-1)
メタクリル酸/メタクリル酸メチル/ベンジルメタクリレート/スチレン=25/5/25/45(質量比)、重量平均分子量=50,000、固形分=50質量%
*2:(A-2)
メタクリル酸/メタクリル酸メチル/フェノキシエチルメタアクリレート/スチレン=25/5/25/45(質量比)、重量平均分子量=50,000、固形分=50質量%
*3:(B-1)
一般式(II)においてn=0、R4がメチル基である化合物(ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物)
*4:(B-2)
一般式(II)においてn=2、R4が水素である化合物(ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物)
*5:(B-3)
一般式(II)においてn=4、R4が水素である化合物(ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物)
*6:FA-024M(日立化成株式会社製、製品名)
EOPO変性ジメタクリレート
*7:TMPT(新中村化学工業株式会社製、製品名)
トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート
*8:A-TMMT(新中村化学工業株式会社製、製品名)
ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート
*9:FA-321M(日立化成株式会社製、製品名)
2,2-ビス(4-(メタクリロキシペンタエトキシ)フェニル)プロパン(一般式(III)で表される化合物、一分子中のオキシエチレン基の構造単位の数(平均値):10)
*10:BPE-200(新中村化学工業株式会社製、製品名)
2,2-ビス(4-(メタクリロキシジエトキシ)フェニル)プロパン(一般式(III)で表される化合物、一分子中のオキシエチレン基の構造単位の数(平均値):4)
*11:BPE-100(新中村化学工業株式会社製、製品名)
2,2-ビス(4-(メタクリロキシエトキシ)フェニル)プロパン(一般式(III)で表される化合物、一分子中のオキシエチレン基の構造単位の数(平均値):2.6)
*12:BPE-80N(新中村化学工業株式会社製、製品名)
2,2-ビス(4-(メタクリロキシエトキシ)フェニル)プロパン(一般式(III)で表される化合物、一分子中のオキシエチレン基の構造単位の数(平均値):2.3)
*13:B-CIM(保土ヶ谷化学工業株式会社製、製品名)
2,2’-ビス(2-クロロフェニル)-4,4’,5,5’-テトラフェニルビスイミダゾール
*14:EAB(保土ヶ谷化学工業株式会社製、製品名)
4,4’-ビス(ジエチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン
*15:ピラゾリン化合物(日本化学工業株式会社製、化合物名:1-フェニル-3-(4-メトキシスチリル)-5-(4-メトキシフェニル)ピラゾリン)
上記で得られた実施例1~12及び比較例1~12の感光性樹脂組成物を、それぞれ厚さ16μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(帝人株式会社製、製品名「HTF01」)(支持体)上に均一になるように塗布し、100℃の熱風対流式乾燥機で10分間乾燥して、乾燥後の膜厚が25μmである感光性樹脂層を形成した。この感光性樹脂層上に、ポリプロピレンフィルム(タマポリ株式会社製、製品名「NF-15」)(保護層)を貼り合わせ、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(支持体)と、感光性樹脂層と、保護層とがこの順に積層された感光性エレメントを得た。
厚み12μmの銅箔を両面に積層したガラスエポキシ材である銅張積層板(基板、日立化成株式会社製、製品名「MCL-E-67」)の銅表面を、#600相当のブラシを備える研磨機(株式会社三啓製)を用いて研磨し、水洗後、空気流で乾燥した。研磨後の銅張積層板を80℃に加温し、保護層を剥がしながら、感光性樹脂層が銅表面に接するように、上記で得られた感光性エレメントをそれぞれラミネートした。ラミネートは110℃のヒートロールを用いて、0.40MPaの圧着圧力、1.5m/分のロール速度で行った。こうして、銅張積層板、感光性樹脂層、支持体の順に積層された積層体をそれぞれ得た。得られた積層体は、以下に示す評価における試験片として用いた。
(光感度の測定試験)
上記で得られた試験片を3つの領域に分割し、そのうち一つの領域の支持体上に、濃度領域0.00~2.00、濃度ステップ0.05、タブレットの大きさ20mm×187mm、各ステップの大きさ3mm×12mmである日立41段ステップタブレットを置いて、波長365nmの半導体レーザを光源とする投影露光装置(ウシオ電機株式会社製、製品名「UX-2240SMXJ-01」)を用いて、100mJ/cm2のエネルギー量(露光量)で感光性樹脂層を露光した。この際、使用しない他の領域は、ブラックシートで覆った。また、それぞれ別の領域に対して、同様の方法で個々に150mJ/cm2、200mJ/cm2のエネルギー量で露光した。
上記で得られた試験片の支持体上に、密着性評価用パターンとしてライン幅/スペース幅がy/3y(y=1~30)(単位:μm)の配線パターンを有するガラスマスクを置いて、波長365nmの半導体レーザを光源とする投影露光装置(ウシオ電機株式会社製、製品名「UX-2240SMXJ-01」)を用いて、日立41段ステップタブレットの現像後の残存ステップ段数が14.0段となるエネルギー量で感光性樹脂層を露光した。露光後、上記光感度の測定試験と同様の現像処理を行った。
上記で得られた試験片の支持体上に、解像度評価用パターンとしてライン幅/スペース幅がz/z(z=1~30)(単位:μm)の配線パターンを有するガラスマスクを置いて、波長365nmの半導体レーザを光源とする投影露光装置(ウシオ電機株式会社製、製品名「UX-2240SMXJ-01」)を用いて、日立41段ステップタブレットの現像後の残存ステップ段数が14.0段となるエネルギー量で感光性樹脂層を露光した。露光後、上記光感度の測定試験と同様の現像処理を行った。
上記密着性の評価において形成したレジストパターンの、ライン線幅10μmであるライン部分を観察することで、レジストすそを評価した。走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)(株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ製、製品名「SU-1500」)を用いて、加速電圧15kV、倍率3,000倍、チルト角60度にてレジスト形状を観察し、以下の基準でレジストすそを評価した。すなわち、レジスト側面とレジストボトムから発生したすそ長さの最大値が、0μm以上0.5μm未満であれば「A」、0.5μm以上であれば「B」として評価した。また、レジスト底部にアンダーカットを観察した場合には、「C」として評価した。評価結果を表5~8に示した。
表5及び6に表したように、実施例1~6の投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物から作製した感光性エレメントは、比較例1に比べて、密着性、解像度及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性に優れたレジストパターンを形成できる特性を示した。特に、比較例1は、(B)成分として、2官能(メタ)アクリレート化合物を用いているが、ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物を用いておらず、この場合には、実施例1~6に比べて形成されるレジストパターンの密着性及び解像度に劣るだけでなく、レジストすそ発生の抑制性にも劣る結果となった。
表5及び6に示したとおり、実施例1~6の投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物から作製した感光性エレメントは、比較例4及び5に比べて、密着性、解像度及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性に優れたレジストパターンを形成できる特性を示した。本結果より、レジストパターンの密着性、解像度及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性は、比較例4及び5のように疎水性作用が比較的高い光重合性化合物(FA-321M、BPE-200)の添加量を増やすことだけでは改善できないことが明らかとなった。
表7及び8に表したように、実施例7~12の投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物から作製した感光性エレメントは、比較例7に比べて、密着性、解像度及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性に優れたレジストパターンを形成できる特性を示した。特に、比較例7は、(B)成分として、2官能(メタ)アクリレート化合物を用いているが、ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物を用いておらず、この場合には、実施例7~12に比べて形成されるレジストパターンの密着性及び解像度に劣るだけでなく、レジストすそ発生の抑制性にも劣る結果となった。
表7及び8に示したとおり、実施例7~12の投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物から作製した感光性エレメントは、比較例10及び11に比べて、密着性、解像度及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性に優れたレジストパターンを形成できる特性を示した。本結果より、レジストパターンの密着性、解像度及びレジストすそ発生の抑制性は、比較例10及び11のように疎水性作用が比較的高い光重合性化合物(FA-321M、BPE-200)の添加量を増やすことだけでは、改善できないことが明らかとなった。
Claims (6)
- (A)バインダーポリマー、(B)エチレン性不飽和結合を有する光重合性化合物、(C)光重合開始剤、及び(D)増感色素を含有し、
前記(B)エチレン性不飽和結合を有する光重合性化合物が、ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物及び下記一般式(III)で表される化合物を含む、投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物。
[式中、R8、R9、R10及びR11はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子又はメチル基を示し、X及びYはそれぞれ独立に、エチレン基又はプロピレン基を示し、p1、p2、q1及びq2はそれぞれ独立に、0~9の数値を示し、p1+q1及びp2+q2はいずれも1以上であり、p1+q1+p2+q2は2~9である。] - 前記ジペンタエリスリトール由来の骨格を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物が、エチレンオキサイド鎖を有する、請求項1に記載の投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物。
- 基板上に、請求項1又は2に記載の投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物を用いて感光性樹脂層を形成する感光性樹脂層形成工程と、
フォトマスクの像を投影させた活性光線を用いレンズを介して前記感光性樹脂層の少なくとも一部を露光し、露光部を光硬化させる露光工程と、
前記感光性樹脂層の未硬化部分を前記基板上から現像により除去する現像工程と、
を有する、レジストパターンの形成方法。 - 支持体と、前記支持体上に請求項1又は2に記載の投影露光用感光性樹脂組成物を用いて形成された感光性樹脂層と、を有する、感光性エレメント。
- 請求項3に記載のレジストパターンの形成方法によりレジストパターンが形成された基板をエッチング処理又はめっき処理して導体パターンを形成する工程を含む、プリント配線板の製造方法。
- 請求項3に記載のレジストパターンの形成方法によりレジストパターンが形成された基板をめっき処理して導体パターンを形成する工程を含む、リードフレームの製造方法。
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| TW201512780A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
| MY182915A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
| TWI649619B (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN105393171A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
| KR102162752B1 (ko) | 2020-10-07 |
| US20160170299A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
| KR102394595B1 (ko) | 2022-05-04 |
| KR20210034686A (ko) | 2021-03-30 |
| JPWO2015012272A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
| KR20200065108A (ko) | 2020-06-08 |
| CN105393171B (zh) | 2019-11-26 |
| US9989854B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
| KR20160034905A (ko) | 2016-03-30 |
| JP6432511B2 (ja) | 2018-12-05 |
| KR102234812B1 (ko) | 2021-03-31 |
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