WO2015059794A1 - 固体電解質、これを用いた全固体二次電池、固体電解質の製造方法、及び全固体二次電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
固体電解質、これを用いた全固体二次電池、固体電解質の製造方法、及び全固体二次電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid electrolyte, an all-solid secondary battery using the same, a method for producing a solid electrolyte, and a method for producing an all-solid secondary battery.
- Li—P—O—N lithium nitride nitride
- the Li—P—O—N amorphous solid electrolyte is liable to cause pinholes and cracks, and it is difficult to form a uniform and defect-free film. If there is a defect in the solid electrolyte, the negative electrode material may reach the positive electrode through the defect and short-circuit, so that the operation of the battery is not stable and the yield in production is low.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a single crystal ionic conductor obtained by crystallizing alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) in a lithium phosphate flux is known (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- the ion conductive crystal obtained by this method is used for an all-solid-state secondary battery having a thin film structure, a process of arranging the obtained crystal on a positive electrode and sintering it is required.
- the ion conductive film is polycrystallized, and lithium positive ions leak from the crystal grain boundary, and an appropriate charge / discharge operation cannot be expected.
- the objective is to provide a solid electrolyte that enables stable battery operation and an all-solid-state secondary battery using the same.
- a solid electrolyte is provided.
- the solid electrolyte is an amorphous solid electrolyte containing elements of lithium, aluminum, phosphorus, and oxygen.
- an all-solid secondary battery using the above solid electrolyte includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an amorphous solid electrolyte that is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and contains elements of lithium, aluminum, phosphorus, and oxygen.
- the solid electrolyte described above enables stable operation of the all-solid-state secondary battery.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an all-solid-state secondary battery using an amorphous solid electrolyte according to an embodiment, and a cross-sectional TEM (Transmission-Electron-Microscopy) image.
- 2 is an X-ray diffraction diagram showing crystallization with a heat treatment temperature of the solid electrolyte of the embodiment.
- FIG. It is a figure of the infrared absorption spectrum according to the heat processing temperature of the solid electrolyte of embodiment. It is a figure which shows the crystal state according to the heat processing temperature of the solid electrolyte of embodiment. It is a figure which compares and shows the infrared absorption spectrum of the amorphous solid electrolyte of embodiment, and a crystalline solid electrolyte.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a sample 1 having the solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the embodiment and a cross-sectional TEM photograph thereof.
- a lithium aluminum phosphate (Li—Al—PO) based amorphous solid electrolyte is provided.
- the inventors have formed a Li—Al—P—O-based amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 in place of the lithium nitride phosphoric acid (Li—PO—N) -based solid electrolyte that has been conventionally used. It was found that a uniform solid electrolyte membrane with few defects can be obtained by forming a membrane. Further, as will be described later, it has been found that the all solid state secondary battery using the solid electrolyte membrane 19 is excellent in repeatability and operates stably.
- a sample 1 has a Li—Al—PO-based amorphous solid electrolyte film 19 between a LiCoO 2 film 17 and a lithium metal film 21.
- FIG. 1B is a TEM image in an as-deposited state when a solid electrolyte film 19 having a thickness of 1000 nm is formed on the LiCoO 2 film 17.
- the Li-AL-PO-based amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 applies an AC power of 140 W to a target having a composition of Li 9 Al 3 (P 2 O 7 ) 3 (PO 4 ) 2 with a pressure of 0
- the film was formed by generating plasma in an argon atmosphere of .5 Pa.
- the substrate temperature during film formation is 27 ° C.
- a crack is generated in the direction perpendicular to the substrate 11 in the LiCoO 2 film 17 which is a crystalline thin film.
- the solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the embodiment pinholes and cracks are not seen and a uniform membrane is formed.
- the porosity of the solid electrolyte membrane 19 of Sample 1 is evaluated as 0%.
- the amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 is crystallized. Along with crystallization, pinholes and cracks are generated in the solid electrolyte membrane 19. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to determine the temperature at which the Li—Al—P—O-based solid electrolyte membrane 19 was crystallized by heat-treating the solid electrolyte membrane 19 in the as-deposited state at various temperatures.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of powder X-ray diffraction measurement when heat treatment at 300 ° C., 450 ° C., and 600 ° C. is performed on the solid electrolyte membrane 19 in an argon atmosphere.
- a tube voltage of 40 Kv, a tube current of 30 mA, a measurement range of 5 ° ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 70 °, and continuous measurement was performed at a scanning speed of 1.2 ° / min to obtain a diffraction pattern.
- A is a diffraction pattern in an as-deposited state
- B is an X-ray diffraction pattern after heat treatment at 300 ° C.
- C is an X-ray diffraction pattern after heat treatment at 450 ° C.
- D is an X-ray diffraction after heat treatment at 600 ° C.
- E shows the X-ray diffraction pattern of single crystal Li 9 Al 3 (P 2 O 7 ) 3 (PO 4 ) 2 described in Non-Patent Document 1 for reference.
- FIG. 3 shows an infrared absorption spectrum by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) spectroscopy as another method for confirming crystallization accompanying heat treatment.
- FT-IR Fastier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
- FIG. 3 shows an infrared absorption spectrum by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) spectroscopy as another method for confirming crystallization accompanying heat treatment.
- FT-IR Fastier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
- A is a spectrum in an as-deposited state
- B is a spectrum after heat treatment at 300 ° C.
- C is a spectrum after heat treatment at 450 ° C.
- D is a spectrum after heat treatment at 600 ° C.
- a spectrum E of a Li—Al—PO system single crystal solid electrolyte grown at a substrate temperature of 700 ° C. is shown.
- a main peak indicating vibration of PO bond is observed near 600 cm ⁇ 1 on the horizontal axis. Comparing the half-value widths of the peaks of each spectrum, the half-value width after heat treatment at 300 ° C. (spectrum B) is very wide, while the spectrum C after heat treatment at 450 ° C. becomes narrower. ing. From this, it can be seen that it is crystallized at 450 ° C.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for estimating the temperature when the Li—Al—P—O-based solid electrolyte changes from amorphous to crystalline.
- the half-width (cm ⁇ 1 ) of the main peak is plotted as a function of temperature, and when the change is interpolated, the half-width is drastically reduced to below 80 cm ⁇ 1 at 400 ° C. Become.
- the heat treatment temperature is 450 ° C. or higher, the full width at half maximum is 60 cm ⁇ 1 or lower. From this, it is considered that the Li—Al—P—O-based amorphous solid electrolyte is in an amorphous state at a heat treatment temperature of 400 ° C. or lower.
- the half-width of the main peak of vibration showing a PO bond near 600 cm ⁇ 1 in the FT-IR spectrum is 100 cm ⁇ 1 or more. Can be defined as amorphous. Further, based on FIG. 2, a state in which no diffraction peak other than the substrate appears in the X-ray diffraction pattern can be defined as amorphous.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram comparing the infrared absorption spectra of a Li—Al—PO-based amorphous solid electrolyte and a crystalline solid electrolyte of the same composition.
- the upper spectrum is the spectrum of the crystalline solid electrolyte
- the lower spectrum is the spectrum of the amorphous solid electrolyte.
- the Li—Al—P—O-based amorphous solid electrolyte contains PO 4 and P 2 O 7 oxygen acids, like the crystalline solid electrolyte.
- the PO 4 peak that appears in the vicinity of 1200 cm ⁇ 1 (left side) in the spectrum of the crystalline solid electrolyte is a peak of the stretching vibration of the PO covalent bond in the PO 4 molecule.
- the PO 4 peak that appears in the vicinity of 600 cm ⁇ 1 (on the right side) is a peak of the angular vibration of the angle formed by the three points of O—P—O in the PO 4 molecule.
- either peak may be compared. For example, when focusing on a peak near 600 cm ⁇ 1 , a sharp peak occurs with a narrow half-value width in crystalline, whereas a spectrum changes gently in amorphous and the half-value width is very wide.
- the Li—Al—PO-based amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the embodiment includes non-crystallized PO 4 and P 2 O 7 oxygen acids, and the pin Uniform film structure with few holes and cracks. Therefore, when this solid electrolyte membrane 19 is applied to an all-solid secondary battery, the battery operation is stabilized.
- the solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the embodiment is an oxide, unlike the conventional nitride-based Li—P—O—N solid electrolyte membrane, hydrolysis does not occur immediately in the air.
- the solid electrolyte membrane 19 also has an advantage that it is easy to handle during battery production.
- the solid electrolyte of the embodiment can recover defects such as vacancies while maintaining an amorphous state by applying a heat treatment at 400 ° C. or lower, more preferably 300 ° C. or lower.
- FIG. 6 shows a charge / discharge curve of an all-solid-state secondary battery using the solid electrolyte 19 of the embodiment.
- a sample of the all-solid-state secondary battery 2 shown in FIG. 7 is prepared.
- the all-solid-state secondary battery 2 has a laminated structure in which a current collector 15, a positive electrode 17, a solid electrolyte film 19, and a metal film 21 are arranged in this order on a substrate 11 on which a silicon oxide film 12 is formed.
- the metal film 21 has a function having both a negative electrode and a current collector.
- a titanium (Ti) film 13 having a thickness of 30 nm and a platinum (Pt) film 14 having a thickness of 170 nm are formed on a substrate 11 covered with a silicon oxide film 12 having a thickness of 100 nm.
- the current collector 15 is formed in this order.
- a LiCoO 2 film 17 that is a positive electrode active material is formed on the current collector 15.
- argon (Ar) and oxygen (O 2 ) are supplied as gas species in a volume ratio of 3: 1, and the film is formed at a power of 600 W, a gas pressure of 0.5 Pa, and a substrate temperature of 250 ° C. Do.
- the film formation time is determined according to the film thickness of the positive electrode (LiCoO 2 film) 17 and is, for example, a thickness of 100 nm to 1000 nm.
- crystallization annealing is performed in an oxygen atmosphere at 600 ° C. for 5 to 10 minutes to form the positive electrode 17.
- a Li—Al—PO system amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 is formed on the positive electrode 17.
- a sintered alloy of Li 9 Al 3 (P 2 O 7 ) 3 (PO 4 ) 2 as a target, an AC power of 70 to 140 W, a gas pressure of 0.2 to 0.5 Pa in an argon (Ar) gas atmosphere.
- the solid electrolyte film 19 having a film thickness of 150 to 1000 nm is formed at a substrate temperature of room temperature (ambient temperature where no heating or cooling is applied) and a film formation time of 3 to 55 hours.
- the thickness is appropriately selected within the above-described range.
- the formed solid electrolyte membrane 19 may be annealed at 400 ° C. or lower, preferably 300 ° C. or lower.
- the lithium metal film 21 is formed to a thickness of 2 ⁇ m by vacuum thermal evaporation to complete the all-solid-state secondary battery 2.
- Charging / discharging evaluation is performed using the all-solid secondary battery 2 produced in this manner.
- the all-solid-state secondary battery 2 was placed in an environment with a temperature of 50 ° C. and a dew point of ⁇ 46 ° C., and a charge / discharge test was performed at a current density of 48 ⁇ A / cm 2 in the voltage range of 4.2 V to 2.0 V. The charge / discharge curve was obtained.
- the solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the all-solid-state secondary battery 2 is a uniform amorphous film free from cracks and pinholes as shown in FIG. 1B, and exhibits good output characteristics.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the repetition characteristics (cycle characteristics) of the all-solid-state secondary battery 2 of FIG. Repetitive characteristics when the Li—Al—PO system (LAPO) amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the embodiment is used are indicated by white circles. As a comparative example, the repetitive characteristics when a conventional Li—P—O—N amorphous solid electrolyte membrane is used are indicated by black circles.
- LAPO Li—Al—PO system
- the all-solid-state secondary battery 2 using the Li—Al—P—O-based amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 exhibits a good capacity retention rate up to 27 cycles and operates stably.
- an all-solid-state secondary battery using a Li—P—O—N-based amorphous solid electrolyte membrane an internal short circuit occurs due to the growth of pinholes, and the discharge capacity rapidly decreases. The capacity could not be removed at the cycle.
- the all-solid-state secondary battery using the Li—Al—PO—polycrystalline solid electrolyte membrane heat-treated at 450 ° C. after the film formation is from the beginning. Since it did not operate, the test could not be repeated.
- FIG. 9 shows the yield (%) at the time of producing a battery when using the Li—Al—P—O-based amorphous solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the embodiment, and the conventional Li—P—O—N-based yield. It is the figure compared with the yield at the time of battery preparation when using a solid electrolyte membrane.
- the yield reaches 80% because there are few defects and it is difficult to hydrolyze with moisture in the air.
- a conventional solid electrolyte membrane is used, pinholes and cracks are likely to occur, and hydrolysis tends to occur, so that the yield is only 50%.
- the solid electrolyte membrane 19 of the embodiment is a uniform amorphous film with few pinholes and cracks.
- the all-solid-state secondary battery using this is stably charged and discharged.
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Abstract
Description
11 基板
15 集電体
17 正極
19 非晶質の固体電解質膜
21 金属膜(負極兼集電体)
Claims (13)
- リチウム、アルミニウム、リン、及び酸素の元素を含む非晶質の固体電解質。
- 請求項1に記載の固体電解質において、
PO4の酸素酸とP2O7の酸素酸を含むことを特徴とする固体電解質。 - 請求項1に記載の固体電解質において、
赤外線吸収スペクトルの600cm-1近傍のメインピークの半値幅が100cm-1以上であることを特徴とする固体電解質。 - 正極と、
負極と、
前記正極と前記負極の間に位置し、リチウム、アルミニウム、リン、及び酸素の元素を含む非晶質の固体電解質膜と、
を有する全固体二次電池。 - 請求項4に記載の全固体二次電池において、
前記非晶質の前記固体電解質膜は、PO4の酸素酸とP2O7の酸素酸を含むことを特徴とする全固体二次電池。 - 請求項4に記載の全固体二次電池において、
前記固体電解質膜の膜厚は150nmから1000nmであることを特徴とする全固体二次電池。 - 請求項4に記載の全固体二次電池において、
前記正極は、リチウムの酸化物であることを特徴とする全固体二次電池。 - 請求項4に記載の全固体二次電池において、
前記負極は、リチウム金属であることを特徴とする全固体二次電池。 - Li9Al3(P2O7)3(PO4)2組成のターゲットを用い、
プラズマを発生させて、室温の基板上に、リチウム、アルミニウム、リン、及び酸素の元素を含む非晶質の固体電解質膜を形成する、
ことを特徴とする固体電解質の製造方法。 - 前記固体電解質膜を400℃以下の温度で熱処理することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の固体電解質の製造方法。
- 前記固体電解質膜を、150nm~1000nmの厚さに形成することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の固体電解質の製造方法。
- 正極を形成し、
Li9Al3(P2O7)3(PO4)2組成のターゲットを用い、プラズマを発生させて、室温と等しい基板温度で、前記正極上に、リチウム、アルミニウム、リン及び酸素の元素を含む非晶質の固体電解質膜を形成し、
前記固体電解質膜上に負極を形成する、
ことを特徴とする全固体二次電池の製造方法。 - 請求項12に記載の方法において、
前記固体電解質膜を形成後に、前記固体電解質膜を400℃以下の温度で熱処理することを特徴とする全固体二次電池の製造方法。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015543649A JP6245269B2 (ja) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | 固体電解質、これを用いた全固体二次電池、固体電解質の製造方法、及び全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
| EP13895949.9A EP3062380B1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | Method of manufacturing a solid electrolyte |
| CN201380080402.0A CN105659424B (zh) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | 固体电解质、使用其的全固体二次电池、固体电解质的制造方法以及全固体二次电池的制造方法 |
| PCT/JP2013/078809 WO2015059794A1 (ja) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | 固体電解質、これを用いた全固体二次電池、固体電解質の製造方法、及び全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
| US15/131,744 US20160233543A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2016-04-18 | Solid electrolyte, all-solid-state secondary battery using the same, and manufacturing methods thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/078809 WO2015059794A1 (ja) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | 固体電解質、これを用いた全固体二次電池、固体電解質の製造方法、及び全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
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| US15/131,744 Continuation US20160233543A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2016-04-18 | Solid electrolyte, all-solid-state secondary battery using the same, and manufacturing methods thereof |
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| WO2015059794A1 true WO2015059794A1 (ja) | 2015-04-30 |
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| US (1) | US20160233543A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3062380B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6245269B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN105659424B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015059794A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024503413A (ja) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-01-25 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 負極活物質、これを含む負極、および二次電池 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10707531B1 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2020-07-07 | New Dominion Enterprises Inc. | All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes |
| US10446873B2 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-10-15 | Intel Corporation | Solid-state battery |
| CN108630894A (zh) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-10-09 | 株式会社东芝 | 二次电池、电池包及车辆 |
| EP4416772A2 (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-08-21 | Nanoear Corporation, Inc. | High capacity cathodes for all-solid-state thin-film batteries |
| GB202204894D0 (en) * | 2022-04-04 | 2022-05-18 | Ucl Business Ltd | Solid electrolyte film |
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| DE112011103262T5 (de) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-07-18 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Batteriesinterkörper, Herstellungsverfahren des Batteriesinterkörpers und Festkörperlithiumbatterie |
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-
2013
- 2013-10-24 WO PCT/JP2013/078809 patent/WO2015059794A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-10-24 EP EP13895949.9A patent/EP3062380B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-10-24 CN CN201380080402.0A patent/CN105659424B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-10-24 JP JP2015543649A patent/JP6245269B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2016
- 2016-04-18 US US15/131,744 patent/US20160233543A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2000294291A (ja) * | 1999-02-03 | 2000-10-20 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | ポリマー電解質電池 |
| JP2009272050A (ja) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 全固体電池およびその製造方法 |
| JP2012009201A (ja) * | 2010-06-23 | 2012-01-12 | Sony Corp | 透明導電膜および透明導電膜の製造方法、並びに色素増感太陽電池および固体電解質電池 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024503413A (ja) * | 2021-08-13 | 2024-01-25 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 負極活物質、これを含む負極、および二次電池 |
| JP7661504B2 (ja) | 2021-08-13 | 2025-04-14 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 負極活物質、これを含む負極、および二次電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2015059794A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
| CN105659424A (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
| EP3062380A1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
| US20160233543A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
| CN105659424B (zh) | 2018-02-23 |
| EP3062380B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
| EP3062380A4 (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| JP6245269B2 (ja) | 2017-12-13 |
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