WO2015059750A1 - Physical distribution planning device, physical distribution planning program, and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

Efficiency of both warehouse work and transport is evaluated to generate a plan that can increase the efficiency of physical distribution as a whole. A physical distribution planning device is provided with: a storage unit that stores item information, hub information, inventory information, work information, movement route information, transport resource information, warehouse processing capability information, and a shipping plan; a processing unit that generates a warehouse work plan associating the information about the item, the hub, and work at the hub with each other, and a transport plan associating information indicating the item and a transport route for transporting the item with information about the transport route, so that constraint conditions about transport included in the item information, the hub information, the inventory information, the work information, the movement route information, the transport resource information, and the warehouse processing capability information and a constraint condition about the hub are satisfied, and so that the shipping plan can be executed; and an output unit that outputs the generated warehouse work plan and transport plan.

Description

Distribution planning apparatus, distribution plan generation program, and storage medium

The present invention relates to a distribution plan generation program for storing and moving goods, a distribution plan generation program, and a storage medium.

Patent Document 1 states that “When the inventory management server receives the transportation request information from the shipper terminal, it sends warehousing instruction information to, for example, the distribution center system. In the distribution center, warehousing registration is performed after inspection when goods are received. The warehouse terminal transmits the warehousing registration information to the inventory management server, and the inventory management server registers the received warehousing registration information in the inventory management database server. After the warehouse terminal receives the delivery instruction information, the picking, sorting / inspection, and shipping registration of the product are performed, and the warehouse terminal sends the shipping registration information to the inventory management server. Register the shipping registration information in the inventory management database server, and send the corresponding inventory management information when there is a search request from the shipper terminal Logistics support systems have been described.

JP 2002-24349 A

Since the 1980s, there has been a movement to outsource all logistics-related operations in a variety of business categories such as manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers. The business that performs efficient logistics strategy planning and logistics system construction on behalf of the shipper company, and comprehensively entrusts and executes it is called the third-party logistics (3PL) business. . Logistics contractors undertaking the 3PL business are making efforts to reduce costs, improve profits, and reduce the environmental burden through efficient warehouse management and transportation using their own and partner companies' logistics networks. In recent years, as a measure for improving efficiency, there are a joint delivery in which cargoes from a plurality of shipper companies are transported by one truck or container, and a joint warehouse in which the cargoes of a plurality of shippers are stored in the same warehouse. In addition to cost reduction, these can be expected to avoid risks and secure quantities in the logistics industry, which is easily affected by the economy and policies.

The invention described in Patent Document 1 is disclosed as background technology related to the 3PL business. In the invention described in Patent Document 1, work instructions for warehouse and delivery are generated in correspondence with joint delivery in which a warehouse and a transport vehicle are shared by a plurality of companies.

However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the work instructions for the generated warehouse and delivery are merely a combination of the generation processes, and the overall efficiency may not be improved.

In addition, as a background technique related to the 3PL business, an invention capable of improving the transportation work efficiency of joint delivery is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-075634. However, since the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-075634 does not look at the efficiency of warehouse work, the overall efficiency may not be improved.

The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and a logistics planning apparatus capable of generating a plan capable of evaluating the efficiency of both warehouse work and transportation and improving the efficiency of the entire logistics. An object is to provide a distribution plan generation program and a storage medium.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides item information that is information about an item, base information that is information about a base including a shipping location, a storage location, and an arrival location, and the stock of the item and the inventory at the base. Inventory information associated with information about, work information that is information about work time at the base for the item, travel route information that is information about a travel route and travel time between the bases, Transport resource information that is information related to transport resources that move between bases, warehouse processing capacity information that is information related to processing capacity at the bases, and a shipping plan in which the items and the delivery date and shipping quantity of the items are associated with each other. , A storage unit for storing the item information, the base information, the inventory information, the work information, and the transfer information. Work at the items, the bases, and the bases so as to satisfy the transport-related restrictions and the base-related restrictions included in the route information, the transport resource information, and the warehouse processing capacity information, and to execute the shipping plan A warehouse operation plan associated with information about, a processing unit for generating a transportation plan in which the information related to the transportation route is associated with information indicating the transportation route for transporting the item and the item, and the generated An output unit for outputting a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan.

According to the present invention, it is possible to evaluate the efficiency of both warehousing and transportation and generate a plan that can increase the efficiency of the entire logistics.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the physical distribution planning apparatus 100 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the hardware of the physical distribution planning apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of item information. It is a figure which shows an example of the movement relationship of the item between base information and bases. It is a figure which shows an example of base information. It is a figure which shows an example of stock information. It is a figure which shows an example of work information. It is a figure which shows an example of movement route information. It is a figure which shows an example of transport resource information. It is a figure which shows an example of warehouse processing capacity information. It is a figure which shows an example of a shipping plan. It is a figure which shows an example of a warehouse work plan. It is a figure which shows an example of a transportation plan. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the process in which the process part 102 calculates a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the process in which the process part 102 produces | generates some transportation means as a candidate. It is a figure explaining the objective function at the time of using a mixed integer programming and a constraint condition. It is a figure which shows the example of a display on the display part in the physical distribution planning apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of the screen regarding input / display of a calculation option.

Hereinafter, a logistics planning apparatus 100 as an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the physical distribution planning apparatus 100. The distribution planning apparatus 100 mainly includes a storage unit 101 that stores input information, a processing unit 102, a storage unit 103 that stores output information, a display unit 104, and an input unit 105. The logistics planning apparatus 100 is connected to the terminals 111, 112, 113,... Of the shippers A, B, C... Information can be transmitted to and received from the terminals 111, 112, 113. The terminals 111, 112, 113... Mainly have a display unit, an input unit, and a storage unit.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration example of the physical distribution planning apparatus 100. In the present embodiment, the physical distribution planning device 100 is a computer such as a personal computer, a workstation, or a server device.

The distribution planning apparatus 100 mainly includes an input device 201, an output device 202, an external storage device 203, an arithmetic device 204, a main storage device 205, a communication device 206, and a bus 207 that connects the devices to each other. Have

The input device 201 is a device that receives input from, for example, a keyboard, mouse, touch pen, or other pointing device. The output device 202 is a device that performs display, such as a display. The external storage device 203 is a nonvolatile storage device such as a hard disk device or a flash memory. The computing device 204 is a computing device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).

The main storage device 205 is a memory device such as a RAM (Random Access Memory). The communication device 206 is a wireless communication device that performs wireless communication via an antenna, or a wired communication device that performs wired communication via a network cable. The storage unit of the distribution planning device 100 is realized by the main storage device 205 or the external storage device 203 of the distribution planning device 100.

Further, the input unit, processing unit, and output unit of the distribution planning apparatus 100 are realized by a program that causes the arithmetic unit 204 of the distribution planning apparatus 100 to perform processing.

This program is stored in the main storage device 205 or the external storage device 203, loaded onto the main storage device 205 for execution, and executed by the arithmetic unit 204. Further, the physical distribution planning apparatus 100 may include a communication device 206 as necessary, and may send and receive information via the communication device 206. For example, product information and shipping plans are installed in equipment managed by the shipper, inventory information is installed in equipment managed by each site, warehouse information is installed in equipment managed by the warehouse operator, and information related to transportation Is installed in an apparatus managed by a logistics company, and a processing unit that calculates and outputs a result is mounted in an apparatus managed by a 3PL operator.

Next, details of the physical distribution planning apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

The storage unit 101 stores item information that stores the weight, volume, transportation conditions, and the like of items to be transported / stored, base information that stores the shipping location, storage location, and arrival location of the items, and inventory by location of each item. In addition, inventory information that stores the amount of work in progress and inventory standards, work information that stores the work time of each item in the warehouse, and the route and time of movement of the item from base 1 (from) to base 2 (to) Travel route information, transport resources (cars, ships, etc.) for moving items, transport resource information storing the cost, transportable amount, etc., warehouse processing capacity information storing work capacity in the warehouse, The shipment date and time and the shipment plan storing the shipment quantity for each item location are stored.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of item information. For example, in the item information, a name for identifying the item, a weight, a packaged volume, a packaged weight, and the like are stored as information about the item. For information other than the name, register what should be considered as restrictions on transportation and storage. In the present embodiment, the item information is associated with an item, a weight, a packing seat, and a packing weight.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the movement relationship between the base information and the items between the bases. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the base information.

As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the bases V1 that ship PARTS1, V2 that ship PARTS2, P1 that receives PARTS1 and ship PROD1, and P2 that receives PARTS1 and ship PROD2 and PARTS2 are received. There are P3 for shipping PROD3, W1 for storing PROD1-3, M1 for receiving PROD1-2, and M2 for receiving PROD3. Moreover, in FIG. 4, the movement route between bases is shown by the arrow. For example, in the shipping location V1, items can be moved to the receiving / shipping locations P1, P2. Further, items can be moved from the arrival / shipment place P1 to the storage place W1 and the arrival place M1. In FIG. 4, only a part of the line indicating the movement route connecting the bases is shown in order to avoid complexity.

FIG. 5 shows a list of information relating to the shipping location, receiving / shipping location, storage location, and receiving location shown in FIG. In the base information, bases (V1, P1, W1, M1, etc.) and types (shipping, receiving / shipping, storage, receiving, etc.) are associated with each other.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of inventory information. The inventory information is information relating to the base including the shipping place, the storage place, and the receiving place. Here, as the inventory information, an item, a base, an inventory amount, an in-process amount, an inventory standard, and a cost are associated with each other. The item in the inventory information corresponds to the item in the item information. The base in the inventory information corresponds to the base in the base information.

In the example shown in FIG. 6, for example, the item PROD1 has a stock amount 200 and a work-in-progress amount 200 at the base P1, and the stock standard is “shipping plan 2 days”, that is, the shipping plan for the preceding 2 days. It is shown that it is desirable to store stock in the base P1 by the amount. The definition of the inventory standard is an example.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of work information. In the work information, for each item, a base and information related to inventory at the base are associated. In the present embodiment, the work information is associated with items, bases, and inventory information (retransmission man-hours, transshipment costs, warehousing man-hours, warehousing costs, warehousing man-hours, shipping costs, etc.). . The item in the work information corresponds to the item in the item information. The base in the work information corresponds to the base in the base information. The cost for warehouse work can be calculated according to the number of warehousing steps, the warehousing cost, the number of warehousing steps, and the shipping cost.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of travel route information. The travel route information is information related to a travel route including a travel route between bases and a travel time. In the present embodiment, the travel route information includes items, information on the travel route (information (from) indicating the departure base, information (to) indicating the arrival base, transport type, transport time, cost, etc.). And are associated. The item is not specified in the travel route information. Information (from) indicating the departure base and information (to) indicating the arrival base are associated with the base in the base information.
The first line of the travel route information shown in FIG. 8 registers that when the vehicle travels from the base P2 to the base P1, the time is 1 and the cost needs 1 / packing.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of transport resource information. The transport resource information is information related to transport resources that move between bases. Here, the information regarding the transport resource includes the transport resource, the transport type, the loaded weight, the loaded volume, the cost, and the like, and these are associated with each other and stored in the transport resource information. The transportation cost can be calculated according to what percentage of the loading weight and loading capacity is satisfied.

The first line of the transport resource information shown in FIG. 9 shows that the transport resource TR1 has a transport type of car, a maximum loadable weight of 1000, a maximum loadable capacity of 5, and a cost of 50 per vehicle. Is registered.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of warehouse processing capacity information. The warehouse processing capacity information is information related to the processing capacity at the base. Here, the information on the processing capacity includes the base, the date, the information on the personnel (full-time number of persons, the number of parts, etc.), etc., and these are stored in association with the warehouse processing capacity information. The base in the warehouse processing capacity information corresponds to the base in the base information.

The warehouse processing capacity information shown in FIG. 10 registers the work personnel for each day at each base as an example of calculating the work time by the number of people. For example, in the case of equipment such as an automatic warehouse, the number of equipment and processing capacity are registered.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a shipping plan. The shipping plan is a registration of the period and quantity at which an item moves from the shipping source to the receiving destination. Here, an item, its delivery date, and the shipment amount are associated with the shipment plan. The shipment plan is information on which the logistics planning device 100 generates a logistics plan.

In the present embodiment, the shipment plan is associated with items, shipping origins, receiving destinations, information on the presence / absence of designation of the shipping department, delivery date, and shipping quantity. The item in the shipping plan corresponds to the item in the item information. The shipping source and the receiving destination in the shipping plan correspond to the bases in the base information. In the present embodiment, the period is a day, but it may be a unit such as a week or an hour.

Returning to the explanation of FIG. The processing unit 102 generates a logistics plan (a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan) based on the information stored in the storage unit 101. The processing of the processing unit 102 will be described in detail later.

The storage unit 103 stores a logistics plan (a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan) generated by the processing unit 102.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a warehouse work plan. The warehouse work plan is a result of storing the generated warehouse work plan. The warehouse work plan is information indicating when and how much work is performed on which items and how much time is required. The warehouse work plan is associated with items, bases, and information (date, work type, quantity, work time, etc.) regarding work at the bases. The item in the warehouse work plan corresponds to the item in the item information. The base in the warehouse work plan corresponds to the base in the base information.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a transportation plan. The transportation plan is a result of storing the generated transportation plan. The transportation plan includes information on transportation items (transportation item information) and information indicating transportation routes (transportation route information).

The transportation item information shown in FIG. 13 (A) is information indicating when, what item, which route, what, and how much it is carried. In the transportation item information, the shipping date, the arrival date, the item, the route, the loading base, the unloading base, the transportation type, the car number, and the transportation amount are associated with each other. The item in the transportation item information corresponds to the item in the item information. The loading base and the unloading base in the transport item information correspond to the bases in the base information. The transport type in the transport item information corresponds to the transport resource in the transport resource information.

The transportation route information shown in FIG. 13B is information indicating the item and the transportation route for transporting the item. The transportation route information registers how the transportation resources are used for each transportation resource used, and the transportation items include which items are loaded on each route and how many packages are loaded (loading bases). The location at which the product was unloaded (unloading site) is registered. The transport route information includes route, arrival point information (TO), departure point information (FROM), number of stops indicating the number of stops on the route, stop 1, indicating stop points on the route, stop 2 and stop-by 3 are associated with each other.

Returning to the explanation of FIG. The display unit 104 is a device that performs display such as a display. The display unit 104 constitutes a part of the output device 202.

The input unit 105 is a device that accepts input from a keyboard, mouse, touch pen, or other pointing device. As the input unit 105, the input device 201 can be used.

Next, operations performed by the processing unit 102 in the physical distribution planning apparatus 100 will be described using specific examples as appropriate. The distribution planning apparatus 100 stores information stored in the storage unit 101 in a memory, calculates a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan in the processing unit 102, and outputs the calculated plans from the memory to the storage unit 103. The processing unit 102 performs processing using a CPU and a memory.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a processing flow in which the processing unit 102 calculates a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan. The process illustrated in FIG. 14 is started when a process start instruction is input from the input device 201 or the like.

<Step 1201>
First, the processing unit 102 reads input information necessary for calculation from the storage unit 101 into a memory.

<Step 1202>
Next, the processing unit 102 generates a transportation means candidate used to transport the item from the shipping destination to the receiving destination according to the shipping plan read from the storage unit. Here, the transportation means refers to a set of a movement route and transportation resources. The transportation means candidates are extracted from the transportation resource information shown in FIG. 9 and stored in the memory as transportation means for each moving route information data (in FIG. 8, one line 1 data) with the same transportation type. To generate. For example, the travel route in the first row in FIG. 8 (referred to as “route 1” for convenience) has the transport type “car”, and therefore, from the transport resource information in FIG. One transportation resource is extracted, and (route 1, T1) (route 1, T2) (route 1, T3) three transportation means are generated.

The simplest generation procedure is to apply transport resources to all travel routes. When the travel route information and the transport resource information are small, there is no problem because the transport means to be generated is small. However, the amount of data of travel route information depends on the number of bases, the route to travel, and variations in the fee structure, and there is a lot of information. Therefore, there are a huge number of transportation means candidates that combine transportation resources with this. If many transportation means candidates are generated in the present embodiment, the amount of calculation in step 1203 to be described later increases, and the processing time becomes a problem.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, in step 1202, a part of the huge number is generated as a transportation means candidate. FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a processing flow in which the processing unit 102 generates a transportation means candidate. FIG. 15 shows a form in which candidates for transportation means are narrowed down by effectively utilizing the previous transportation plan.

<Step S12021>
First, the processing unit 102 reads the transportation means in the candidate log as an initial candidate. The candidate log is a storage area for storing transportation means candidates, and the number of candidates is zero for the first time.

When the number of candidates is 0, the processing unit 102 refers to the transportation plan stored in the storage unit 103, and uses the transportation route stored in the transportation plan (ignoring transportation resources at this stage) as an initial candidate (A). And That is, the transportation route of the transportation means in the candidate log is included in the traveling route stored in the traveling route information (FIG. 8).

<Step S12022>
Next, the processing unit 102 adds a route registered as a set of a shipping source and a receiving destination registered in the shipping plan from the travel route information (see FIG. 8) stored in the storage unit 101. Next, a search is made for From or To that matches the initial candidate (A) obtained in step S12021, and (A) and the travel route obtained by the search are designated as alternative routes (B).

For example, when the initial candidate (A) is from P1 to W1 (first line in FIG. 13A), it is assumed that From or To matches the initial candidate (A), and the travel route information (FIG. 8 3 routes from P1 to W1, P2 to W1, and P3 to W1 are searched.

In FIG. 8, the transport type of each travel route is “car”. Therefore, the processing unit 102 searches the transport resource information (see FIG. 9) for transport resources whose transport type is “car”. As a result, the transport resources “TR1”, “TR2”, and “TR3” are searched.

The processing unit 102 adds a predetermined number of travel routes out of the routes searched in this way to the initial candidate (A) to make an alternative route (B). Here, (P1-W1, TR1), (P2-W1, TR1), (P3-W1, TR1), (P1-W1, TR2), (P2-W1, TR2) are pairs of routes and transport resources. , (P3-W1, TR2), (P1-W1, TR3), (P2-W1, TR3), (P3-W1, TR3) become the substitutable route (B). Note that the additional number (predetermined number) from the initial candidate (A) in the substitutable route (B) is set by a parameter, for example.

<Step S12023>
Then, the processing unit 102 narrows down candidates from the substitutable route (B). For narrowing down, for example, cost information of travel route information (see FIG. 8) can be used. For example, in the transport resource information shown in FIG. 9, TR3 with a low cost is set from the three types TR1, TR2, and TR3. As a result, (P1-W1, TR3), (P2-W1, TR3), and (P3-W1, TR3) are narrowed down as candidates from the substitutable route (B). Here, when TR3 has already been added as a candidate, it can be narrowed down as a TR1 candidate with the next lowest cost.

Or, transportation item information can be used for narrowing down. For example, the processing unit 102 can obtain information that is not included in the transport item information (see FIG. 13A) and the cost of the pair of the route and the transport resource in the substitutable route (B) is low. Narrow down candidates by giving priority.

The candidate log is generated by the above processing. When returning to step 1202 from step 1205 described later, the candidate log generated here becomes the initial candidate (A).

This completes the process of step S1202. The process illustrated in FIG. 15 is an example of the process of step S1202.

<Step 1203>
Returning to FIG. The processing unit 102 generates a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan that meet a shipping plan (see FIG. 11). Specifically, the processing unit 102 uses which means of transportation and which site to use to receive a specified amount of items registered in the shipping plan from a specified shipping source base to a specified receiving destination base. Decide whether to transport via. In that case, considering the constraint conditions such as loading weight, loading capacity, warehouse holding capacity, shipment amount of the shipping plan, the sum of the cost, the deviation from the inventory standard, and the deviation from the holding capacity of the warehouse work are minimized. Calculate so that Note that the constraint condition is included in each piece of information stored in the storage unit 101.

There are various methods for calculating a plan that minimizes the cost under the constraint conditions, for example, mixed integer programming, genetic algorithm, and the present invention does not particularly limit the method. An algorithm for calculating a plan that minimizes the cost under a constraint condition such as mixed integer programming or a genetic algorithm is already known and will not be described.

For example, when using mixed integer programming, describe the amount of transportation for each candidate log as a variable, describe the constraints using a linear equation system, add the cost to the objective function, the amount of deviation from the inventory standard, the warehouse By giving a linear weighted sum of deviations from work holding capacity and calculating with a solver that solves mixed integer programming, the value of the variable that minimizes the objective function can be obtained.

Hereinafter, the objective function and constraint conditions when using mixed integer programming will be specifically described with reference to FIG. FIG. 16 shows a list of bases. The lines in FIG. 16 are transportation means candidates obtained in step S1202.

70 items PROD1 will be shipped from the base M1 on September 1st. The transportation means candidates received at the base M1 are the three routes of the base P1 to the base M1, the base P2 to the base M1, and the base W1 to the base M1. Assuming that the number of transportation of the item PROD1 from the base P1 to the base M1 is x1, the number of transportation of the item PROD1 from the base P2 to the base M1 is x2, and the transportation number of the item PROD1 from the base W1 to the base M1 is x3, the objective function is expressed by the formula (1 ).

2 × x1 + 2 × x2 + 1 × x3 (1)

Note that numbers such as 2, 2, 1 etc., which are multiplied by x1, x2, x3, are the evaluation parameters. Here, an example is shown in which the cost during transportation (movement route information, see FIG. 8) is used as the evaluation parameter. Since the cost from the base P1 to the base M1 is “2” from the travel route information, x1 is multiplied by 2 in Equation (1). Since the cost from the base P2 to the base M1 is “2” from the travel route information, x2 is multiplied by 2 in Equation (1). Since the cost from the base W1 to the base M1 is “1” from the travel route information, x3 is multiplied by 2 in Equation (1).

Next, we will explain the contents of the constraint conditions described in the linear equation system.

From the shipment plan, the shipment volume of PROD1 on September 1 is 70 (restriction condition). If the number of transportation of the item PROD1 from the base P1 to the base M1 is x1, the transportation number of the item PROD1 from the base P2 to the base M1 is x2, and the transportation number of the item PROD1 from the base W1 to the base M1 is x3, the transportation number is x1, x2. , X3 is expressed by Equation (2). Note that the shipping destination and the receiving destination in the shipping plan are provisionally input by the user or the like when the shipping plan is created.

x1 + x2 + x3 = 70 (2)

Further, in order to ship x3 items from the base W1, the transport number of the item PROD1 from the base P1 to the base W1 is y1, the transport number of the item PROD1 from the base P2 to the base W1 is y2, and the item PROD1 from the base P3 to the base W1. When the transport number is y3, the transport numbers y1, y2, and y3 are expressed by Equation (3). Here, the inventory quantity Z in W1 and the in-process quantity in W1 are stored in the inventory information (FIG. 6) (restriction condition).

In-process quantity in inventory quantity Z + W1 in y1 + y2 + y3 + W1 ≧ x3 (3)

Further, in the travel route information (see FIG. 8), information that the vehicle is transported from the base W1 to the base M1 is stored (constraint condition). In the transport resource information (see FIG. 9), information indicating that there are transport resources TR1, TR2, and TR3 as vehicles and their load weight, load capacity, and cost are stored (restriction conditions). Therefore, the transport number x3 is expressed by Equation (4).

T1 (number of transports in transport resource TR1) + T2 (number of transports in transport resource TR2) + T3 (number of transports in transport resource TR3) = x3 (4)

Here, the loaded weight of the transport resource TR1 is 1000 (constraint condition) from the transport resource information (see FIG. 9). Further, from the item information (FIG. 3), the packing weight of the item PROD1 is 10 (constraint condition). Therefore, the transport number T1 is expressed by Equation (5).

10 × T1 ≦ 1000 (5)

The same applies to the transport numbers T2 and T3. Further, regarding the transport numbers T1, T2, and T3, not only the loaded weight but also the loaded volume (see FIG. 9) can be expressed by a mathematical formula by the same method as the loaded weight.

This is done for all routes related to the transportation of item PROD1. In this way, the constraints related to transportation are described by a linear equation system. Next, the constraints related to the base are described using a linear equation system.

In the inventory information (see FIG. 6), information that the inventory amount Z (see Equation (3)) of the item PROD1 at the base W1 is 100 or less is stored (constraint condition). This is expressed by Equation (6).

Z ≦ 100 (6)

The warehouse processing capacity information (see FIG. 10) stores information that the total number of workers at the base W1 is 30 people, that is, 30 full-time workers and 70 part-time workers (restriction condition). Further, the work information (see FIG. 7) stores information that the warehousing man-hours and the warehousing cost when the item PROD1 is handled at the base W1 are 1 (restriction condition). Therefore, the constraint condition at the site W1 is expressed by Expression (7).

x3 ≦ 100 (7)

This is performed for all bases related to the item PROD1 among the bases V1, V2, P1, P2, and P3. In this way, the constraint condition regarding the base is described by a linear equation system. In the objective function expressed by the mathematical formula (1), the transport numbers x1, x2, and x3 that satisfy the constraints shown in the mathematical formulas (2) to (7) and the cost is determined by the mixed integer programming.

In this way, a logistics plan can be generated in a short processing time by effectively utilizing the previous transportation plan. When there is a target value in the objective function, the transport numbers x1, x2, and x3 are mixed integers so as to satisfy all the constraint conditions shown in equations (2) to (7) as the constraint conditions that satisfy the target value. The number of transports x1, x2, and x3 can be obtained by a mixed integer programming so as to satisfy a part of the constraint conditions.

<Step 1204>
Returning to the description of FIG. The processing unit 102 outputs the warehouse work plan and the transportation plan generated in step S1203 to the storage unit 103.

From the transportation plan stored in the storage unit 103 (see FIGS. 13A and 13B), on the R1 route, the car TR1 is used, POD2 is 30 in P2, PROD1 is 70 in P1, and the loading ratio is 100%. It can be seen that in the state of transport, all items are unloaded at W1. 13 (A) and (B), in the R2 route, using the car TR2, load 300 PROD3 at P3, lower 100 PROD3 by W1, instead of 30 PROD2 and 70 POD1 by P1. It can be seen that the products are being transported to M1 and M2, which are the arrival locations of the shipping plan.

Also, as shown in the transportation plan (FIG. 13), the item PROD3 issued on September 2 is transported from the base W1 to the base M2 via the R3 route so that the shipping plan can be executed. As shown in the warehouse plan information stored in the storage unit 103 (see FIG. 12), the item PROD3 transported here was received at the base W1 on September 1 and left on September 2. I understand.

As in this example, in step S1203, a transportation plan is generated with as few vehicles as possible so that the loading rate is as high as possible. Further, in step S1203, a warehouse work for realizing leveling of work at the base W1 is generated by carrying the shipment plan for September 2 to the warehouse at the base W1 on the previous day.

In addition, the processing unit 102 outputs the warehouse work plan and the transportation plan generated in step S1203 to the display unit 104. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a display example on the display unit 104.

As shown in FIG. 17, the display unit 104 displays information related to the transportation plan and information related to the warehouse work plan at the same time. In FIG. 17, a transport plan and a diagram showing a transport route are displayed as information related to the transport plan, but the diagram showing the transport route is not essential. In FIG. 17, the warehouse work plan, the warehouse work load, and the inventory transition are displayed as information on the warehouse work plan, but the warehouse work load and the inventory transition are not essential. In FIG. 17, the warehouse work plan for the base W1 is displayed, but a warehouse work plan for a base other than the base W1 may be displayed.

<Step 1205>
Next, the processing unit 102 determines whether or not to adopt the plan for the warehouse work plan and the transportation plan calculated in step 1203 and displayed on the display unit 104 in step S1204. The processing unit 102 may receive an input from the input unit 105 and make a determination based on the input. In addition, the cost target is registered in the storage unit 101 in advance, and the processing unit 102 compares the registered cost target with the cost obtained from the calculation result, and the cost target obtained by registering the cost obtained from the calculation result. If it is lower, it may be determined that the plan is adopted. Here, the cost target includes the warehousing cost (work information (see FIG. 7)), the total cost (the cost in the movement route information (FIG. 8), the cost in the transportation resource information (FIG. 9), the warehousing cost and the warehousing cost (work). Sum of information (see FIG. 7)), human availability (ratio of work time in the calculated plan and total work time obtained from warehouse processing capacity information (FIG. 10)), etc. can be used. .

When the warehouse work plan and the transportation plan calculated in step 1203 are not adopted (NG in step S1205), the processing unit 102 returns to step 1202. Based on the current candidate log, the processing unit 102 generates a new transportation means candidate in step S1202 and updates the candidate log. And the process part 102 performs the process after step 1203 again. In this way, the processing of steps 1202 to 1205 is repeated until the warehouse work plan and the transportation plan calculated in step 1203 are adopted (OK in step S1205).

If the transportation means candidate has been updated, or if the warehouse work plan or transportation plan calculated in step 1203 is not adopted (NG in step S1205) has reached a certain number of times (for example, 10,000 times) or more, If the time for repeating the processing from 1202 to 1205 is equal to or longer than a certain time (for example, 1 minute), it is considered that no better plan can be found. Such a case can be dealt with by terminating the process or changing the evaluation parameter at the time of calculation in step 1203 and recalculating. Which one is adopted may be set in advance, or may be selected by receiving an input from the input unit 105.

Here, the evaluation parameter indicates the degree of emphasis on transportation, warehouse, and inventory, that is, which is emphasized when evaluating the optimality of transportation, warehousing, and inventory. Evaluation parameters can be set for each item or location. Considering the shipper's position, it is better to increase the transportation efficiency for items that sell well even if the inventory increases somewhat, and it may be desirable to turn the items that do not sell well with a small inventory even if the transportation efficiency is reduced. Thus, when the evaluation scale for optimality changes due to differences in items, bases, etc., it is desirable to incorporate it into the calculation. Note that, in the mathematical formula (1) already described, the evaluation parameter that emphasizes transportation is used.

FIG. 18 shows a display example of the display unit 104 when the evaluation parameter is input from the input unit 105. In FIG. 17, an item selection area in which an item selection button is displayed, a base designation area for designating a base that handles the item, and the importance of transport, warehouse (warehouse work), and inventory are displayed as evaluation parameters. And an evaluation parameter display area.

The input unit 105 selects an item using the item selection area, selects a base as necessary using the base designation area, and changes the degree of emphasis on transportation, warehouse work, and inventory using the evaluation parameter display area. . In the example shown in FIG. 18, the item PROD1 emphasizes the optimality of inventory, and the item PROD3 emphasizes transportation. The processing unit 102 stores the evaluation parameter changed by the input unit 105 in the storage unit 103.

When the evaluation parameter is changed by the input unit 105, the processing unit 102 considers that the warehouse work plan and the transportation plan calculated in step 1203 are not adopted (NG in step S1205) and returns to step 1202. For example, when using mixed integer programming in step 1203, the processing unit 102 changes the coefficient of the objective function based on the changed evaluation parameter. For example, when the ratio of the importance level of transportation, warehouse work, and inventory is 1: 1: 2, the cost of transportation (see movement route information (FIG. 8)) and the cost of warehouse work (work information (FIG. 7)). See), and a value obtained by adding the inventory cost (see inventory information (see FIG. 6)) 1: 1: 2 is used as the coefficient of the objective function. Thereby, it is possible to generate a warehouse work plan and a transportation plan according to the user's request.

According to the present embodiment, it is possible to generate a plan that can increase the efficiency of the entire physical distribution by creating a warehouse work plan and a transport plan in consideration of warehouse work and transportation at the same time. For example, when it is desired to reduce the cost, the total cost as a whole can be reduced in consideration of the costs of warehouse work and transportation.

In addition, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to cope with various situations by setting the evaluation parameters for warehouse work, transportation, and inventory for each item or base. For example, it is possible to carry out logistics in consideration of not only the efficiency of the logistics contractor but also the efficiency of the shipper. Therefore, it is possible to provide a logistics planning apparatus that is more convenient to use.

In this embodiment, the evaluation parameter is changed by inputting the evaluation parameter for each item (see FIG. 18), but the method of changing the evaluation parameter is not limited to this. For example, the processing unit 102 may automatically change the evaluation parameter according to the characteristics of the item. For example, in the item information (FIG. 3) stored in the storage unit 101, the characteristics of the item (release time, sales period, etc.) are stored in association with the item, and not much time has passed since the release time ( In the case of a new product or the like, the processing unit 102 may increase the importance of transportation. Further, when the sales period is a certain period or more, the importance degree of inventory may be increased. In addition, referring to the warehouse processing capacity information (FIG. 10), for items passing through a base with many parts, the increase or decrease in inventory does not affect the cost so much, so the ratio of inventory may be lowered.

Also, the evaluation parameter may be changed by the input unit 105 or the evaluation parameter may be automatically changed by the processing unit 102 at any time. For example, you may perform before starting the process shown in FIG.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of an embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of an embodiment. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.

In addition, each of the above-described configurations, functions, processing units, processing means, and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them with, for example, an integrated circuit. Each of the above-described configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function by the processor. Information such as programs, tables, and files for realizing each function can be stored in a recording device such as a memory, a hard disk, an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.

Also, the control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for the explanation, and not all control lines and information lines are necessarily shown. Actually, it may be considered that almost all the components are connected to each other.

100: Logistics planning device 101: Storage unit 102: Processing unit 103: Storage unit 104: Display unit 105: Input unit 111: Terminal 201: Input device 202: Output device 203: External storage device 204: arithmetic unit, 205: main storage device, 206: communication device, 207: bus

Claims (8)

Item information that is information about the item, base information that is information about a base including a shipping location, a storage location, and a receiving location, inventory information in which the base and information about stock at the base are associated with the item, Work information that is information about work time at the bases for items, travel route information that is information about travel routes and travel routes between the bases, and information about transportation resources that travel between the bases A storage unit that stores transportation resource information, warehouse processing capacity information that is information regarding processing capacity at the base, and a shipping plan in which the delivery time and the shipping amount of the item are associated with each other;
The shipping condition and the restriction condition regarding the base included in the item information, the base information, the inventory information, the work information, the movement route information, the transport resource information, and the warehouse processing capacity information are satisfied, and the shipping A warehouse work plan in which information related to the item, the base, and the work at the base is associated so that the plan can be executed, information indicating the transport route for transporting the item and the item, and information about the transport route A processing unit for generating a transportation plan associated with
An output unit for outputting the generated warehouse work plan and transportation plan;
A logistics planning apparatus comprising: The logistics planning device according to claim 1,
The storage unit stores an evaluation parameter indicating a degree of emphasis on transportation, warehouse, and inventory,
The processing unit generates the warehouse work plan and the transportation plan using the evaluation parameter. The logistics planning device according to claim 2,
An input unit for inputting the evaluation parameter for each item;
The distribution planning apparatus, wherein the storage unit stores the input evaluation parameters. The logistics planning device according to claim 2,
The said processing part changes the said evaluation parameter based on the said item. The physical distribution planning apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The logistics planning device according to claim 1,
The processing unit generates a transportation means candidate that is a set of the travel route and the transportation resource, and creates the transportation plan using the transportation means candidate. The logistics planning device according to claim 5,
The output unit outputs the generated warehouse work plan and transportation plan to the storage unit,
The storage unit stores the output warehouse work plan and transport plan,
When the transportation plan is stored in the storage unit, the processing unit generates a candidate for the transportation means using the stored transportation plan. Item information that is information about the item, base information that is information about a base including a shipping location, a storage location, and a receiving location, inventory information in which the base and information about stock at the base are associated with the item, Work information that is information about work time at the bases for items, travel route information that is information about travel routes and travel routes between the bases, and information about transportation resources that travel between the bases This is performed using an apparatus including a storage unit that stores transport resource information, warehouse processing capacity information that is information regarding processing capacity at the base, and a shipping plan in which the item is associated with a delivery date and a shipping amount. A logistics plan generation program,
The shipping condition and the restriction condition regarding the base included in the item information, the base information, the inventory information, the work information, the movement route information, the transport resource information, and the warehouse processing capacity information are satisfied, and the shipping A warehouse work plan in which information on the item, the base, and work at the base is associated so that the plan can be executed, information indicating a transportation route for transporting the item and the item, and information on the transportation route are provided. Generating an associated transportation plan;
Outputting the generated warehouse work plan and transportation plan;
The distribution plan generation program characterized by causing the apparatus to execute. A computer-readable storage medium storing the distribution plan generation program according to claim 7.

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