WO2015056503A1 - 双方向絶縁型dc/dcコンバータおよびそれを用いたスマートネットワーク - Google Patents
双方向絶縁型dc/dcコンバータおよびそれを用いたスマートネットワーク Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015056503A1 WO2015056503A1 PCT/JP2014/073869 JP2014073869W WO2015056503A1 WO 2015056503 A1 WO2015056503 A1 WO 2015056503A1 JP 2014073869 W JP2014073869 W JP 2014073869W WO 2015056503 A1 WO2015056503 A1 WO 2015056503A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter and a smart network using the same, and more particularly, to a bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter including two inverters coupled by an insulated transformer, and using the same Regarding smart networks.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-124549
- the conventional bidirectional insulation type DC / DC converter has a problem that DC power cannot be transferred stably when the difference in DC voltage between the two DC power systems fluctuates greatly.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional insulated DC / DC converter capable of stably transmitting and receiving DC power even when the difference between two DC voltages fluctuates greatly, and a smart network using the same. Is to provide.
- the bidirectionally insulated DC / DC converter according to the present invention is a bidirectionally insulated DC / DC converter that transfers DC power between the first and second DC circuits, the first DC circuit receiving from the first DC circuit.
- a first inverter that generates a first AC fundamental wave voltage based on a first DC voltage, and a first inverter having the same frequency as the first AC fundamental wave voltage based on a second DC voltage received from a second DC circuit.
- a second inverter that generates two alternating fundamental voltages, an isolated transformer that includes first and second alternating windings that receive the first and second alternating fundamental voltages, respectively, and are isolated from each other; Based on the first and second DC voltages, of the first and second AC fundamental wave voltages, the voltage difference between the first and second AC fundamental wave voltages is smaller than a predetermined value.
- At least one of the pulse widths A pulse width setting unit for setting, a phase difference setting unit for setting a phase difference between the first and second AC fundamental wave voltages so that desired DC power is transferred between the first and second DC circuits, And a signal generator that generates control signals for the first and second inverters based on the setting results of the pulse width setting unit and the phase difference setting unit.
- the bidirectional insulated DC / DC converter In the bidirectional insulated DC / DC converter according to the present invention, at least one of the first and second AC fundamental wave voltages so that the voltage difference between the first and second AC fundamental wave voltages is smaller than a predetermined value.
- One of the pulse widths is set, the phase difference between the first and second AC fundamental wave voltages is set so that desired DC power is transferred between the first and second DC circuits, and the setting result Based on this, control signals for the first and second inverters are generated. Therefore, even when the difference between the two DC voltages varies greatly, DC power can be stably supplied in a desired direction.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration of an inverter illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main part of a control circuit shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating operation
- FIG. 4 is another diagram for explaining the operation of the pulse width setting unit shown in FIG. 3.
- It is a figure which shows the waveform of the two alternating current fundamental voltage shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
- FIG. 6 is still another diagram for explaining the operation of the signal generator shown in FIG. 3.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing a configuration of a bidirectional insulated DC / DC converter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- this bidirectional insulated DC / DC converter includes positive voltage terminals T1, T3, negative voltage terminals T2, T4, current detectors IS1, IS2, voltage detectors VS1, VS2, capacitors C1, C2, inverter 1 , 2, reactors L1 and L2, an insulation type transformer 3, a control circuit 4, and drivers DR1 and DR2.
- a DC circuit 5 is connected to the terminals T1 and T2, and a DC circuit 6 is connected to the terminals T3 and T4.
- the DC circuit 5 includes a DC power source that generates DC power and a load driven by the DC power
- the DC circuit 6 includes a power storage device that stores DC power.
- the DC power source include a solar power generator and a wind power generator.
- the power storage device include a LiPo (lithium ion polymer) battery and an electric double layer capacitor.
- the bi-directional insulation type DC / DC converter supplies the surplus direct current power to the direct current circuit 6 when the direct current power is surplus in the direct current circuit 5, and direct current when the direct current power is insufficient in the direct current circuit 5.
- DC power of the circuit 6 is supplied to the DC circuit 5.
- the bidirectional insulation type DC / DC converter exchanges DC power regardless of the level of the DC voltage Ea of the DC circuit 5 and the DC voltage Eb of the DC circuit 6.
- the insulated transformer 3 includes a primary winding 3a and a secondary winding 3b that are insulated from each other.
- the number of turns of the primary winding 3a and the number of turns of the secondary winding 3b are the same.
- One terminal of primary winding 3a is connected to AC terminal 1c of inverter 1 via reactor L1
- the other terminal of primary winding 3a is connected to AC terminal 1d of inverter 1.
- One terminal of secondary winding 3b is connected to AC terminal 2c of inverter 2 via reactor L2, and the other terminal of secondary winding 3b is connected to AC terminal 2d of inverter 2.
- the positive voltage terminal 1a of the inverter 1 is connected to the positive voltage terminal T1 via the current detector IS1, and the negative voltage terminal 1b of the inverter 1 is connected to the negative voltage terminal T2.
- the current detector IS1 detects a DC current flowing between the inverter 1 and the DC circuit 5, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the control circuit 4.
- the voltage detector VS1 detects the DC voltage Ea between the terminals 1a and 1b of the inverter 1, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the control circuit 4.
- the capacitor C1 is connected between the terminals 1a and 1b of the inverter 1, and smoothes and stabilizes the DC voltage Ea between the terminals 1a and 1b.
- the inverter 1 is controlled by the output signal ⁇ 1,... Of the driver DR1, converts the DC voltage Ea between the positive voltage terminal 1a and the negative voltage terminal 1b into an AC fundamental wave voltage Va, and outputs it between the AC terminals 1c and 1d.
- the positive voltage terminal 2a of the inverter 2 is connected to the positive voltage terminal T3 via the current detector IS2, and the negative voltage terminal 2b of the inverter 2 is connected to the negative voltage terminal T4.
- the current detector IS2 detects a direct current flowing between the inverter 2 and the direct current circuit 6, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the control circuit 4.
- the voltage detector VS2 detects the DC voltage Eb between the terminals 2a and 2b of the inverter 2, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the control circuit 4.
- the capacitor C2 is connected between the terminals 2a and 2b of the inverter 2, and smoothes and stabilizes the DC voltage Eb between the terminals 2a and 2b.
- the inverter 2 is controlled by the output signal ⁇ 11,... Of the driver DR2, converts the DC voltage Eb between the positive voltage terminal 2a and the negative voltage terminal 2b into an AC fundamental wave voltage Vb, and outputs it between the AC terminals 2c and 2d.
- the control circuit 4 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer, and generates control signals ⁇ 1,... For inverters 1 and 2 based on output signals from the voltage detectors VS1 and VS2 and current detectors IS1 and IS2. Based on the detection results of the voltage detectors VS1 and VS2, the control circuit 4 uses the two AC fundamental wave voltages Va, V, so that the effective values of the AC fundamental wave voltages Va, Vb generated by the inverters 1, 2 match. Vb pulse widths ⁇ and ⁇ are set. Further, the control circuit 4 sets the phase difference ⁇ between the two AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb so that a desired DC power flows from one selected DC circuit among the DC circuits 5 and 6 to the other DC circuit. Set. Further, the control circuit 4 generates control signals ⁇ 1,... For the inverters 1, 2 based on the set pulse widths ⁇ , ⁇ and the phase difference ⁇ .
- the driver DR1 amplifies the control signal ⁇ 1,.
- the driver DR2 amplifies the control signal ⁇ 11 of the inverter 2 and supplies the amplified signal to the inverter 2.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the inverters 1 and 2.
- inverter 1 includes IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) Q1-Q4 and diodes D1-D4.
- the collectors of IGBTs Q1 and Q2 are both connected to positive voltage terminal 1a, their gates receive control signals ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, respectively, and their emitters are connected to AC terminals 1c and 1d, respectively.
- the collectors of IGBTs Q3 and Q4 are connected to AC terminals 1c and 1d, their gates receive control signals / ⁇ 1 and / ⁇ 2, respectively, and their emitters are both connected to negative voltage terminal 1b.
- Diodes D1-D4 are connected in antiparallel to IGBTs Q1-Q4, respectively.
- Each of the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2 is a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal, and is a rectangular wave signal having a predetermined frequency (for example, 10 KHz).
- Control signals / ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 2 are inverted signals of control signals ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, respectively. Therefore, IGBTs Q1 and Q3 are not turned on at the same time, and IGBTs Q2 and Q4 are not turned on at the same time.
- the inverter 2 includes IGBTs Q11 to Q14 and diodes D11 to D14.
- the collectors of IGBTs Q11 and Q12 are both connected to positive voltage terminal 2a, their gates receive control signals ⁇ 11 and ⁇ 12, respectively, and their emitters are connected to AC terminals 2c and 2d, respectively.
- the collectors of IGBTs Q13 and Q14 are connected to AC terminals 2c and 2d, respectively, their gates receive control signals / ⁇ 11 and / ⁇ 12, respectively, and their emitters are both connected to negative voltage terminal 2b.
- Diodes D11 to D14 are connected in antiparallel to IGBTs Q11 to Q14, respectively.
- Each of the control signals ⁇ 11, / ⁇ 11, ⁇ 12, / ⁇ 12 is a PWM signal, and is a rectangular wave signal having the same frequency (for example, 10 KHz) as the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2.
- Control signals / ⁇ 11 and / ⁇ 12 are inverted signals of control signals ⁇ 11 and ⁇ 12, respectively. Therefore, IGBTs Q11 and Q13 are not turned on at the same time, and IGBTs Q12 and Q14 are not turned on at the same time.
- the DC circuit 5 is connected to the DC circuit 6 via the inverters 1 and 2. It is possible to supply electric power or to supply DC power from the DC circuit 6 to the DC circuit 5 via the inverters 2 and 1.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a portion of the control circuit 4 related to generation of the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2, ⁇ 11, / ⁇ 11, ⁇ 12, / ⁇ 12.
- FIG. 3 shows a portion used when supplying DC power from the DC circuit 5 to the DC circuit 6.
- the voltage detectors VS1 and VS2 are replaced by the switching circuit, and the current detectors IS2 and IS1 are replaced.
- the control circuit 4 includes a pulse width setting unit 10, a voltage command unit 11, subtracters 12 and 14, a voltage controller 13, a current controller 15, and a signal generation unit 16.
- the pulse width setting unit 10 , 2 Based on the DC voltage Ea between the terminals T1 and T2 detected by the voltage detector VS1 and the DC voltage Eb between the terminals T3 and T4 detected by the voltage detector VS2, the pulse width setting unit 10 , 2, the pulse widths ⁇ and ⁇ (rad) of the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb are set so that the effective values of the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb output from each other match.
- FIGS. 4A to 4D are diagrams showing the relationship between the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb.
- ⁇ V is a voltage difference between Va and Vb.
- I is a current that flows due to a voltage ⁇ V that is the difference between Va and Vb.
- VA and VB are effective values of Va and Vb, respectively.
- the pulse width ( ⁇ in this case) of the AC fundamental wave voltage (Vb in this case) corresponding to the higher DC voltage (for example, Eb) of the two DC voltages Ea and Eb is narrowed down,
- the effective values VA and VB of the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb are matched.
- FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c) There are three methods for improving the power factor as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c).
- the power factors of Va, Vb, and I are all good at cos ( ⁇ / 2).
- the phase of Vb is delayed by ⁇ / 2.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating waveforms of the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb when the DC voltages Ea and Eb are different.
- Va (4 / ⁇ ) Ea ⁇ sin ( ⁇ / 2) ⁇ sin ( ⁇ t + ⁇ / 2) (1)
- Vb (4 / ⁇ ) Eb ⁇ sin ( ⁇ / 2) ⁇ sin ( ⁇ t ⁇ / 2) (2)
- ⁇ 2sin ⁇ 1 (Eb / Ea).
- a limiter is provided so that each of x and y is 1 or less.
- FIG. 6B shows a case where ⁇ > 0 and the phase of Va is ahead of Vb. If ⁇ ⁇ 0, the phase of Vb is advanced from Va.
- the voltage command unit 11 generates the target voltage EbT of the DC voltage Eb.
- the subtractor 12 obtains a deviation between the target voltage EbT and the DC voltage Eb detected by the voltage detector VS2.
- the voltage controller 13 generates a current command value IT having a value corresponding to the deviation between EbT and Eb obtained by the subtractor 12.
- the current command value IT is limited to a predetermined value or less by a limiter.
- the subtractor 14 obtains a deviation between the current command value IT generated by the voltage controller 13 and the current I detected by the current detector IS2.
- the current controller 15 generates a phase difference ⁇ having a value corresponding to the deviation between IT and I obtained by the subtractor 14.
- the phase difference ⁇ is limited to a predetermined value or less by a limiter.
- the signal generation unit 16 controls the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 of the inverter 1. / ⁇ 2 and control signals ⁇ 11, / ⁇ 11, ⁇ 12, / ⁇ 12 of the inverter 2 are generated.
- a sawtooth signal ST having a frequency twice that of the AC fundamental wave voltage Va is generated.
- the sawtooth wave signal ST has an amplitude between 0 and ⁇ , and one period of the sawtooth wave signal ST is ⁇ .
- the sawtooth wave signal ST and the first reference signal S1 ⁇ / 2 + ( ⁇ / 2 ⁇ / 2) intersect each other in each cycle.
- the control signal ⁇ 1 rises from the “L” level to the “H” level
- the control signal ⁇ 1 is The level is lowered from the “H” level to the “L” level.
- the sawtooth wave signal ST and the second reference signal S2 ⁇ / 2 + ( ⁇ ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ / 2) cross each cycle.
- the control signal / ⁇ 2 rises from the “L” level to the “H” level
- ⁇ 2 falls from the “H” level to the “L” level.
- a sawtooth signal ST having a frequency twice that of the AC fundamental wave voltage Va is generated.
- the sawtooth wave signal ST has an amplitude between 0 and ⁇ , and one period of the sawtooth wave signal ST is ⁇ .
- the phase of the control signal ⁇ 1 is advanced by ⁇ relative to the control signal ⁇ 11.
- An angle width at which the control signal ⁇ 1 becomes “H” level and the control signal ⁇ 11 becomes “L” level is defined as a phase difference ⁇ .
- the angle at the center of the angular width at which the control signal ⁇ 1 becomes “H” level and the control signal ⁇ 11 becomes “L” level coincides with the angle at which the sawtooth wave signal ST becomes ⁇ / 2.
- the sawtooth wave signal ST having a frequency twice the AC fundamental wave voltage Va
- the first reference signal S1 ⁇ / 2 + ( ⁇ ⁇ / 2)
- the third reference signal S3 ⁇ / 2 + ( ⁇ / 2)
- the control signal ⁇ 1 is generated based on the intersection of ST and S1
- the control signal ⁇ 11 is generated based on the intersection of ST and S3.
- the sawtooth signal ST and the following first to fourth reference signals S1 to S4 are generated.
- the rising edge and falling edge of the control signal / ⁇ 12 are determined. For example, the rising edge is determined at the intersection of odd-numbered cycles, and the falling edge is determined at the intersection of even-numbered cycles.
- the inverted signals of the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 2, ⁇ 11, and / ⁇ 12 are referred to as control signals / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 11, and ⁇ 12, respectively.
- FIGS. 9A to 9G are time charts showing a method of generating the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 2, ⁇ 11, / ⁇ 12 when Ea> Eb.
- intersections between the sawtooth wave signal ST and the first to fourth reference signals S1 to S4 are obtained.
- the control signal ⁇ 1 is raised at the odd-numbered intersection of ST and S1, and the control signal ⁇ 1 is lowered at the even-numbered intersection of ST and S1.
- Control signal / ⁇ 1 is an inverted signal of control signal ⁇ 1.
- control signal / ⁇ 2 is raised at the odd-numbered intersection of ST and S2, and the control signal / ⁇ 2 is lowered at the even-numbered intersection of ST and S2.
- Control signal ⁇ 2 is an inverted signal of control signal / ⁇ 2.
- the AC fundamental wave voltage Va becomes + Ea when both the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 2 are at “H” level, and both the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 2 are “L”. "-Ea”, and 0V when one of the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 2 is at "H” level and the other is at "L” level.
- control signal ⁇ 11 is raised at the odd-numbered intersection of ST and S3, and the control signal ⁇ 11 is lowered at the even-numbered intersection of ST and S3.
- Control signal / ⁇ 11 is an inverted signal of control signal ⁇ 11.
- control signal / ⁇ 12 is raised at the odd-numbered intersection of ST and S4, and the control signal / ⁇ 12 is lowered at the even-numbered intersection of ST and S4.
- Control signal ⁇ 12 is an inverted signal of control signal / ⁇ 12.
- the AC fundamental wave voltage Vb becomes + Ea when both the control signals ⁇ 11 and / ⁇ 12 are at “H” level, and both the control signals ⁇ 11 and / ⁇ 12 are “L”. "-Ea” when the level is ".”
- the effective values of the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb coincide with each other, and the power factor is maintained high. Since the phase of the AC fundamental wave voltage Va is advanced by ⁇ with respect to the phase of the AC fundamental wave voltage Vb, DC power is supplied from the inverter 1 to the inverter 2.
- the pulse width of the AC fundamental wave voltage Va or Vb corresponding to the higher DC voltage of the DC voltages Ea and Eb is narrowed to make the effective values of Va and Vb coincide with each other, and then flow is desired.
- the phase difference ⁇ between the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb is set according to the value and direction of the current. Therefore, even when the DC voltages Ea and Eb fluctuate greatly, DC power can be stably transferred between the DC circuits 5 and 6.
- DC power can be supplied from the circuit 5 (or 6) to the DC circuit 6 (or 5).
- the turns ratio of the insulated transformer 3 is 1: 1 and the rated values of the DC voltages Ea and Eb are both 100V, even when Ea decreases to 80V and Eb increases to 120V, DC power can be supplied to the Eb side.
- the conventional normal insulated DC / DC converter power can be supplied when Ea is 100V and Eb is 70 to 80V, but power cannot be supplied when Eb is higher than 80V.
- the DC power exchanged between the DC circuits 5 and 6 can be linearly controlled over the positive and negative directions, and the direction of power flow is reversed in an instant within a few msec. be able to.
- the two DC circuits 5 and 6 having a large voltage fluctuation range are linked in an insulated state, enabling smooth bidirectional power interchange and eliminating the safety, EMI, and breakdown voltage problems by separating the ground. can do.
- the pulse width ⁇ or ⁇ of the AC fundamental wave voltage Va or Vb corresponding to the higher DC voltage of the DC voltages Ea and Eb is narrowed to make the effective values of Va and Vb coincide.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the pulse width of the AC fundamental wave voltage Va or Vb may be narrowed so that the difference between the effective values of Va and Vb is a predetermined value or less. Further, the pulse width ⁇ or ⁇ of the AC fundamental wave voltage Va or Vb may be narrowed so that the ratio of the difference between the effective values of Va and Vb and the effective value of Va or Vb is several percent or less.
- the voltage detector VS1 detects the DC voltage Ea between the terminals T1 and T2, and the voltage detector VS2 detects the DC voltage Eb between the terminals T3 and T4.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, the DC voltages Ea and Eb may be detected by other methods.
- the output AC voltage of the inverters 1 and 2 is taken into the control circuit 4 through a signal transformer, the peak value of the acquired AC voltage is sampled, and the DC voltages Ea and Eb are indirectly detected from the sampled peak values. May be.
- the two reactors L1 and L2 are provided. However, one of the two reactors L1 and L2 may be removed, and the insulated transformer 3 has a leakage inductance. In some cases, the two reactors L1 and L2 may be removed.
- control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2 are raised at the intersections of the sawtooth wave signal ST and the reference signals S1 to S4 in the odd-numbered period of the sawtooth wave signal ST, respectively.
- the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2 are raised at the intersections of the sawtooth wave signal ST and the reference signals S1 to S4 in the even-numbered cycle of the signal ST, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- Information regarding the sawtooth wave signal ST and the reference signals S1 to S4 and the intersections in the second period may be stored, and the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2 may be generated based on the stored information.
- control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2 are started up at the intersections of the sawtooth wave signal ST and the reference signals S1 to S4 in the odd-numbered cycle of the sawtooth wave signal ST, and information about the intersections is stored. Then, based on the stored information, the control signals ⁇ 1, / ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, / ⁇ 2 may be lowered in the even-numbered cycle of the sawtooth wave signal ST, respectively.
- the waveforms of the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb can be made symmetric with respect to positive and negative, and the occurrence of magnetic demagnetization in the insulating transformer 3 can be prevented.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a smart network according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- this smart network includes a bidirectional insulated DC / DC converter 20 having the configuration described in the first embodiment and two DC power systems 21 and 22.
- the DC power system 21 includes a commercial AC power supply 30, a solar power generator 31, a wind power generator 32, a PWM converter 33, converters 34 and 35, a DC bus 36, charge / discharge control converters 37 and 38, and a LiPo battery 39. , Electric double layer capacitor 40, and load 41.
- the commercial AC power supply 30 generates commercial AC power.
- the PWM converter 33 converts commercial AC power from the commercial AC power supply 30 into DC power having a predetermined DC voltage Ea (for example, 300 V) and supplies the DC power to the DC bus 36. Further, when the commercial AC power is insufficient, the PWM converter 33 converts the DC power from the DC bus 36 into AC power having a predetermined voltage at the commercial frequency and supplies the AC power to the commercial AC power supply 30.
- Ea for example, 300 V
- the solar power generator 31 converts light energy from the sun into direct current power.
- the converter 34 converts the DC power generated by the solar power generator 31 into DC power having a predetermined DC voltage Ea and supplies the DC power to the DC bus 36.
- the wind power generator 32 converts wind power into DC power.
- the converter 35 converts the DC power generated by the wind power generator 32 into DC power having a predetermined DC voltage Ea and supplies the DC power to the DC bus 36.
- the charge / discharge control converter 37 extracts DC power from the DC bus 36 and stores the DC power in the LiPo battery 39, and the DC power system 21 stores the DC power. Is insufficient, the DC power is taken out from the LiPo battery 39 and supplied to the DC bus 36.
- the charging / discharging control converter 38 extracts DC power from the DC bus 36 and stores the DC power in the electric double layer capacitor 40.
- the DC power is taken out from the electric double layer capacitor 40 and supplied to the DC bus 36.
- the load 41 is a general house, office, factory facility, electric vehicle charging facility, etc., and consumes DC power from the DC bus 36.
- DC power system 22 has a configuration similar to that of DC power system 21 and includes a DC bus 23 maintained at a predetermined DC voltage Eb (for example, 1000 V).
- the bidirectional insulated DC / DC converter 20 is the same as that described in the first embodiment, and exchanges DC power between the DC buses 36 and 23.
- DC bus 36 includes a DC positive bus and a DC negative bus connected to terminals T1 and T2, respectively.
- DC bus 23 includes a DC positive bus and a DC negative bus connected to terminals T3 and T4, respectively.
- Bidirectional insulation type DC / DC converter 20 narrows the pulse width of AC fundamental wave voltage Vb corresponding to the higher DC voltage (Eb in the second embodiment) of DC voltages Ea and Eb, and Va and Vb. Then, the phase difference ⁇ between the AC fundamental wave voltages Va and Vb is set according to the value and direction of the current to be passed.
- the phase of Va is advanced from Vb.
- the phase of Vb is set from Va. Also advance.
- this smart network also has the function of an uninterruptible power supply system.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータの構成を示す回路ブロック図である。図1において、この双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータは、正電圧端子T1,T3、負電圧端子T2,T4、電流検出器IS1,IS2、電圧検出器VS1,VS2、コンデンサC1,C2、インバータ1,2、リアクトルL1,L2、絶縁型変圧器3、制御回路4、およびドライバDR1,DR2を備える。
Va=(4/π)Ea・sin(α/2)・sin(ωt+θ/2) …(1)
Vb=(4/π)Eb・sin(β/2)・sin(ωt-θ/2) …(2)
図6(a)(b)に示すように、Ea>Ebの場合は、β=πとなり、Vaの実効値とVbの実効値が一致するためには、Eb=Ea・sin(α/2)となればよい。したがって、α=2sin-1(Eb/Ea)となる。逆にEa<Ebの場合は、α=πとなり、Vaの実効値とVbの実効値が一致するためには、Ea=Eb・sin(β/2)となればよい。したがって、β=2sin-1(Ea/Eb)となる。
S1=π/2+(-θ/2+π/2-α/2) [rad]
S2=π/2+(-θ/2-π/2+α/2) [rad]
S3=π/2+(θ/2+π/2-β/2) [rad]
S4=π/2+(θ/2-π/2+β/2) [rad]
STとS1の交点に基づいて制御信号φ1の立ち上りエッジおよび立下りエッジを決める。STとS2の交点に基づいて制御信号/φ2の立ち上りエッジおよび立下りエッジを決める。STとS3の交点に基づいて制御信号φ11の立ち上りエッジおよび立下りエッジを決める。STとS4の交点に基づいて制御信号/φ12の立ち上りエッジおよび立下りエッジを決める。たとえば、奇数番目の周期の交点で立ち上りエッジを決め、偶数番の周期の交点で立下りエッジを決める。制御信号φ1,/φ2,φ11,/φ12の反転信号をそれぞれ制御信号/φ1,φ2,/φ11,φ12とする。
図10は、この発明の実施の形態2によるスマートネットワークの構成を示すブロック図である。図10において、このスマートネットワークは、実施の形態1で説明した構成の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ20と、2つの直流電力系統21,22を備える。
Claims (10)
- 第1および第2の直流回路間で直流電力の授受を行なう双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータであって、
前記第1の直流回路から受ける第1の直流電圧に基づいて第1の交流基本波電圧を生成する第1のインバータと、
前記第2の直流回路から受ける第2の直流電圧に基づいて前記第1の交流基本波電圧と同じ周波数の第2の交流基本波電圧を生成する第2のインバータと、
それぞれ前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧を受け、互いに絶縁された1次巻線および2次巻線を含む絶縁型変圧器と、
前記第1および第2の直流電圧に基づいて、前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の電圧差が予め定められた値よりも小さくなるように前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧のうちの少なくともいずれか一方のパルス幅を設定するパルス幅設定部と、
前記第1および第2の直流回路間で所望の直流電力が授受されるように前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の位相差を設定する位相差設定部と、
前記パルス幅設定部および前記位相差設定部の設定結果に基づいて、前記第1および第2のインバータの制御信号を生成する信号発生部とを備える、双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - 前記パルス幅設定部は、
前記第1の直流電圧が前記第2の直流電圧よりも高い場合は、前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の実効値が一致するように前記第1の交流基本波電圧のパルス幅を狭め、
前記第2の直流電圧が前記第1の直流電圧よりも高い場合は、前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の実効値が一致するように前記第2の交流基本波電圧のパルス幅を狭める、請求項1に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - 前記パルス幅設定部は、
前記第1および第2の直流電圧をそれぞれEa,Ebとし、
前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧のパルス幅をそれぞれα,βとすると、
前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の実効値が一致するように、
Ea>Ebである場合はα=2sin-1(Eb/Ea)、β=πとし、
Eb>Eaである場合はα=π、β=2sin-1(Ea/Eb)とする、請求項2に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - 前記信号発生部は、
前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の位相差をθとすると、
前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の2倍の周波数で0からπまで変化するノコギリ波信号と、
第1の参照信号であるS1=π/2+(-θ/2+π/2-α/2)と、
第2の参照信号であるS2=π/2+(-θ/2-π/2+α/2)と、
第3の参照信号であるS3=π/2+(θ/2+π/2-β/2)と、
第4の参照信号であるS4=π/2+(θ/2-π/2+β/2)とを生成し、
前記ノコギリ波信号と前記第1および第2の参照信号との交点に基づいて前記第1のインバータの第1および第2の制御信号をそれぞれ生成し、
前記ノコギリ波信号と前記第3および第4の参照信号との交点に基づいて前記第2のインバータの第3および第4の制御信号をそれぞれ生成する、請求項3に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - 前記信号発生部は、
前記ノコギリ波信号の奇数番目の周期における前記ノコギリ波信号と前記第1~第4の参照信号との交点においてそれぞれ前記第1~第4の制御信号を第1の論理レベルから第2の論理レベルに変化させ、
前記ノコギリ波信号の偶数番目の周期における前記ノコギリ波信号と前記第1~第4の参照信号との交点においてそれぞれ前記第1~第4の制御信号を前記第2の論理レベルから前記第1の論理レベルに変化させる、請求項4に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - 前記信号発生部は、
前記ノコギリ波信号の奇数番目の周期における前記ノコギリ波信号と前記第1~第4の参照信号との交点においてそれぞれ前記第1~第4の制御信号を第1の論理レベルから第2の論理レベルに変化させるとともに、それらの交点に関する情報を記憶し、
記憶した情報に基づき、前記ノコギリ波信号の偶数番目の周期において前記第1~第4の制御信号を前記第2の論理レベルから前記第1の論理レベルに変化させる、請求項4に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - さらに、それぞれ前記第1および第2の直流電圧を検出する第1および第2の電圧検出器を備え、
前記パルス幅設定部は、前記第1および第2の電圧検出器の検出結果に基づいて前記第1および第2の交流基本波電圧の各々のパルス幅を設定する、請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - さらに、一方端子が前記第1の交流基本波電圧を受け、他方端子が前記第1の巻線の一方端子に接続された第1のリアクトルと、
一方端子が前記第2の交流基本波電圧を受け、他方端子が前記第2の巻線の一方端子に接続された第2のリアクトルとのうちの少なくともいずれか一方のリアクトルを備える、請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータ。 - 請求項1から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載の双方向絶縁型DC/DCコンバータと、
前記第1および第2の直流回路とを備え、
前記第1および第2の直流回路は、それぞれ第1および第2の直流電力系統である、スマートネットワーク。 - 前記第1および第2の直流電力系統の各々は、
前記第1または第2の端子に接続される直流母線と、
前記直流母線に直流電力を供給する直流電源と、
前記直流母線からの直流電力よって駆動される負荷と、
前記直流母線に接続され、直流電力を蓄える電力貯蔵装置とを含む、請求項9に記載のスマートネットワーク。
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| JP2015542542A JP6171022B2 (ja) | 2013-10-18 | 2014-09-10 | 双方向絶縁型dc/dcコンバータおよびそれを用いたスマートネットワーク |
| EP14854664.1A EP3059845A4 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2014-09-10 | Bidirectional insulated dc/dc converter and smart network using same |
| KR1020167010654A KR101862951B1 (ko) | 2013-10-18 | 2014-09-10 | 쌍방향 절연형 dc/dc 컨버터 및 그것을 이용한 스마트 네트워크 |
| CN201480056532.5A CN105637752B (zh) | 2013-10-18 | 2014-09-10 | 双向绝缘型dc/dc变换器以及使用该双向绝缘型dc/dc变换器的智能网络 |
| US15/021,907 US10044281B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2014-09-10 | Bidirectional insulated DC/DC converter and smart network using the same |
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| WO2022230005A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
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| WO2022230005A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
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| JP7638369B2 (ja) | 2021-04-26 | 2025-03-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
| JP2022191655A (ja) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-28 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | Dc/dc変換装置 |
| JP7568586B2 (ja) | 2021-06-16 | 2024-10-16 | 株式会社Tmeic | Dc/dc変換装置 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3059845A4 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
| JPWO2015056503A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
| US20160233778A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
| CN105637752B (zh) | 2018-06-22 |
| JP6171022B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
| EP3059845A1 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
| CN105637752A (zh) | 2016-06-01 |
| US10044281B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
| KR20160078353A (ko) | 2016-07-04 |
| KR101862951B1 (ko) | 2018-05-30 |
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