WO2015040910A1 - 加湿装置、及び加湿装置を備えた空気調和機 - Google Patents
加湿装置、及び加湿装置を備えた空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015040910A1 WO2015040910A1 PCT/JP2014/066357 JP2014066357W WO2015040910A1 WO 2015040910 A1 WO2015040910 A1 WO 2015040910A1 JP 2014066357 W JP2014066357 W JP 2014066357W WO 2015040910 A1 WO2015040910 A1 WO 2015040910A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- electrode
- humidifier
- absorbing
- voltage
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
- F24F6/02—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air
- F24F6/025—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air using electrical heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
- F24F6/02—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air
- F24F6/04—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air using stationary unheated wet elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
- F24F8/192—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/20—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
- F24F8/30—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by ionisation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a humidifier using ion wind and an air conditioner equipped with the humidifier.
- 3000m particular buildings such as two or more commercial facilities and office, temperature 17 ⁇ 28 ° C. as a control reference value of the air environment, to keep the relative humidity of 40 to 70% are determined by building health management method.
- ASHRAE American Society for Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning
- a humidity standard of 30 to 60% relative humidity is specified. The temperature is relatively easily managed with the spread of air conditioners. However, it is difficult to say that the relative humidity is adequately controlled, and the lack of humidification in winter is a problem.
- the vaporization method is a method of performing humidification in a room by ventilating and evaporating the contained water by heat exchange with an air flow by passing through a filter having water absorption performance.
- the steam method is a method of evaporating and evaporating moisture by energizing a heating coil installed in a water storage tank to humidify the room.
- the water spray method is a method in which moisture is refined by pressurizing moisture, and the refined moisture is humidified indoors by heat exchange with an air stream.
- Patent Document 1 includes a humidifying element, a water supply device for supplying water to the humidifying element, an electrode, a counter electrode that is disposed so that the humidifying element is interposed between the electrodes, and a contact between the electrode and the counter electrode.
- a humidifying device is disclosed that includes an electric field and a high voltage generator that promotes the evaporation of water by applying an electric field to the humidifying element.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a humidifying element, a water supply device for supplying water to the humidifying element, a plurality of electrodes arranged on the inlet side of the air flow of the humidified air, and does not block the air flow without contacting the electrodes.
- a humidifying device including a counter electrode having a shape and a high voltage generating device that generates ion wind in the same direction as the air flow.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a humidifying device that includes an electrode and a counter electrode that does not directly contact the electrode, forms an electric field between the electrode and the counter electrode, and humidifies water contained in the humidifying element. Water is evaporated by the evaporation promoting action. However, since the electric field is formed along the surface of the humidifying material in parallel with the humidifying material, the evaporation promoting action does not function in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the humidifying material.
- a layer of saturated air with a high moisture concentration near the humidifying material surface (hereinafter referred to as a saturated air layer) cannot be agitated, so that the water vapor saturated layer near the humidifying material surface is thick, and the moisture concentration of the inlet air There was a problem that the difference in gradient from the contained water concentration was small and improvement in humidification performance could not be expected.
- Patent Document 2 is provided with an electrode and a counter electrode that is not in direct contact with the electrode at the upstream portion of the humidifying element, and is configured to generate an ion wind in the same direction as the air flow. Flows in the side of the humidifying material in parallel to the humidifying material, so that the wind is not disturbed in the normal direction to the surface of the humidifying material, and the saturated air layer in the vicinity of the humidifying material cannot be agitated, so it is not expected to improve the humidifying performance. There was a problem.
- the present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, disturbs the saturated air layer near the water-absorbing humidifier with ionic wind, and promotes replacement with air ventilated by a blower. It is an object of the present invention to provide a humidifier that improves the humidification performance by increasing the difference in water concentration gradient from the water-absorbing humidifier, and an air conditioner including the humidifier.
- the humidifier according to the present invention includes a conductive electrode, a water absorbent humidifier having a function as a counter electrode of the electrode, a power source for applying a voltage to the electrode, and supplying humidified water to the water absorbent humidifier.
- the air in the air passage is humidified by generating an ionic wind directed in the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water and applying it to the water-absorbing humidifier.
- a voltage is applied to the electrode to generate an ionic wind between the electrode and the water-absorbing humidifier, and the ionic wind is applied to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier facing the electrode.
- the saturated air layer of water vapor near the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier can be stirred. For this reason, it can be replaced with an air layer whose moisture concentration is lower than that of the saturated air layer near the water-absorbing humidifier, and the difference in water concentration gradient from the water-absorbent humidifier can be increased, improving the humidification performance. Can be made.
- FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2. It is a partial expanded sectional view of the water absorbing humidifier of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the example of the shape of a water absorbing humidifier. It is the schematic which shows the example of the shape of the projection part of an electrode. It is the schematic of the electrode by which the wire line is arrange
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a humidifier 12 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the humidifying device 12 according to the first embodiment includes a supply unit 2 that stores humidified water 1 to be humidified into a humidified space, and the humidified water 1 from the supply unit 2 to the water absorbent humidifier 4.
- At least one or more nozzles 3 serving as water supply means to be supplied, a water-absorbing humidifier 4 having the same potential as the ground potential, and an electrode facing the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 with a predetermined distance 5, a power source 6 that applies a voltage to the electrode 5, a blower 8 that flows air 7 into a space between the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5, a drain pan 9 that receives surplus water from the water absorbent humidifier 4, , Is composed of.
- the supply unit 2, the nozzle 3, the water-absorbing humidifier 4, the electrode 5, the power source 6, the blower 8, and the drain pan 9 are assumed to be fixed by a predetermined support body or the like. That's fine.
- the structure of this support body is not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to select suitably according to the use of the humidification apparatus 12.
- FIG. The electrode 5 according to the first embodiment is opposed to the entire surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the humidifying device 12 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention as viewed from above
- FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2
- FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 in FIG. It is sectional drawing.
- conductive protrusions 5 a are formed on both surfaces of the electrode 5 so as to be perpendicular to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 facing the electrode 5.
- a voltage is applied to the electrode 5 as shown in FIG. 3
- an ion wind 18 is generated from the protrusion 5 a toward the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the humidification performance can be improved significantly when the ion wind 18 collides with the water absorbing humidifier 4. This principle will be described later.
- the humidifying water 1 may be pure water, tap water, soft water, or hard water for the purpose of humidifying the humidifying space.
- gap part 10 of the water absorbing humidifier 4 is mentioned later.
- the supply unit 2 stores the humidified water 1 and supplies the humidified water 1 to the water-absorbing humidifier 4, and the humidifier water is supplied from the upper part of the water-absorbent humidifier 4 by the nozzle 3 using a driving unit such as a pump. 1 is dropped and supplied.
- the drive part should just be what can convey the humidification water 1, for example, is a non-displacement pump or a positive displacement pump etc., and is not specifically limited.
- the nozzle 3 is installed immediately above the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 and supplies the humidifying water 1 conveyed from the supply unit 2 by dropping it onto the water-absorbing humidifying material 4.
- the nozzle 3 has a hollow shape, and the outer diameter and inner diameter thereof may be selected according to the size of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the tip shape of the nozzle 3 may be any shape such as a triangular pyramid shape, a quadrangular pyramid shape, a circular tube shape, and a quadrangular tube shape. It was set to 0.5 mm. This is because when the tip has an acute angle, the water drops are better cut. A sharper angle is preferred, but if it is too sharp, handling becomes difficult and the strength becomes brittle, so the acute angle is preferably in the range of 10 to 45 degrees.
- the hole diameter at the outlet of the nozzle 3 is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.6 mm.
- the material of the nozzle 3 may be a metal such as stainless steel, tungsten, titanium, silver, or copper, or a resin such as PTFE, polyethylene, or polypropylene, but is not limited thereto.
- the length of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 in the ventilation direction is long, a single nozzle 3 is not sufficient in length, and therefore a plurality of the water-absorbing humidifiers 4 may be used. Therefore, if the length in the ventilation direction is 60 mm or less, for example, one nozzle 3 may be used, but if it exceeds 60 mm, a plurality of nozzles 3 are preferable.
- the amount of the humidified water 1 needs to be larger than the amount of water actually used for humidification, but if it is too large, the amount of wasted water will increase, so it is desirable to control it to an appropriate amount.
- the humidifying performance of the water absorbent humidifier 4 is 2000 mL / h / m 2
- the size of the water absorbent humidifier 4 is 200 ⁇ 50 mm
- both the front and back sides can be humidified.
- the humidification amount per sheet of the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 is 40 mL / h, it is desirable to supply in the range of 60 to 200 mL / h, which is 1.5 to 5 times that amount.
- a water absorbent body made of fiber, resin, or metal may be provided between the nozzle 3 and the water absorbent humidifier 4 so as to be in contact with the water absorbent humidifier 4.
- the number of nozzles 3 is increased, and there is a possibility that the water-absorbing humidifier 4 is not properly dropped. Even if it becomes multiple sheets, the humidification water 1 can be supplied reliably.
- the water-absorbing humidifier 4 has, for example, a shape having a three-dimensional network structure.
- the three-dimensional network structure is a structure similar to a resin foam having high water absorption, such as a sponge.
- the water-absorbing humidifier 4 is composed of a trunk portion 11 and a gap portion 10 formed in the trunk portion 11.
- the material of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 according to the first embodiment may be composed of, for example, a porous metal, ceramic, resin, non-woven fabric, fiber, foam, or mesh body. Since the material 4 needs to have a function as a counter electrode of the electrode 5, it needs to be conductive.
- the metal species is not particularly limited.
- the metal species include metals such as titanium, copper, and nickel, noble metals such as gold, silver, and platinum, nickel alloys, Examples include alloys such as cobalt alloys. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, these metals may be plated with zinc, nickel, tin, chromium, copper, silver, gold or the like.
- titanium suppresses the generation of discharge products such as ozone due to its catalytic effect, has good resistance to electric corrosion and electric wear, and further has a shape of the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 over a long period of time. It is the most preferable metal species because it can be held and stably humidified.
- the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 is ceramic
- examples of the material include alumina, zirconia, mullite, cordierite, silicon carbide and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 is a resin
- the material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, but are not limited thereto.
- examples of the material include acetate, polyester, nylon, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- what formed the porous body by using resin as a material and coated metal powder may be used.
- the surface layer of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 may be subjected to a hydrophilization treatment from the viewpoint of increasing the amount of humidified water 1 retained and preventing deterioration of water absorption performance.
- a hydrophilization treatment from the viewpoint of increasing the amount of humidified water 1 retained and preventing deterioration of water absorption performance.
- the hydrophilic treatment method for example, the hydrophilic treatment by coating with a hydrophilic resin or the hydrophilic treatment by corona discharge may be performed.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of the shape of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the shape of the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 is not particularly limited.
- a flat plate shape (A), a quadrangular prism shape (B), or a cylindrical shape (C) may be used.
- a circular cylindrical shape (D), a square cylindrical shape (E), or a triangular cylindrical shape (F) having a cavity inside may be used, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the size of the humidifying device 12 to be manufactured. .
- the thickness of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 may be adjusted as appropriate according to the size of the humidifying device 12 to be manufactured, but after producing the sheet-like water-absorbing humidifier 4 having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 2 mm or less, a desired thickness is obtained. What is necessary is just to cut into a shape and process it into a desired shape.
- the processing method is not particularly limited, and may be performed by various methods such as wire cutting, laser cutting, press punching, cutting, manual cutting, or bending.
- the electrode 5 needs to have conductivity in order to form corona discharge in the space with the water-absorbing humidifying material 4, and the material is preferably a metal, a metal alloy, a conductive resin, or the like. Moreover, the porous metal which has water absorptivity, a conductive resin, and the ceramic containing a metal may be sufficient.
- the electrode 5 only needs to have a low electric resistance, and aluminum, copper, stainless steel, and the like are preferable from the viewpoints of versatility and workability, but are not limited thereto. Further, the size of the electrode 5 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the size of the humidifying device to be manufactured.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of the shape of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5, and FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the electrode 5 in which the wire 5b is arranged.
- the bold line in the top view represents the electrode 5, and the outer square in the side view represents the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the electrode 5 has a shape in which corona discharge easily occurs between the water-absorbing and humidifying material 4, and the electrode 5 has a protrusion 5a as shown in FIG. 6, and the protrusion 5a has a triangular shape (A ), A needle shape (B), a saw blade shape (C), or the like, or a wire shape in which a conductive wire 5b is disposed inside the electrode 5 as shown in FIG. 6 is a view of the electrode 5 viewed from the upper side of FIG. 1, and the side view of FIG. 6 is a view of the electrode 5 viewed from the right side of FIG.
- the triangular shape (A) is an electrode 5 having a shape in which a plurality of protruding portions 5a having a triangular shape are arranged in the row direction and / or the column direction, or a shape in which the protruding portions 5a are arranged in a staggered manner.
- the needle shape (B) is an electrode 5 having a shape in which a plurality of needle shapes (B) are arranged in the row direction and / or the column direction, or the protruding portions 5a are arranged in a staggered manner.
- the saw blade shape (C) is an electrode 5 in which metal plates each having a plurality of tips are arranged in the row direction or the column direction.
- the wire-shaped electrode 5 has wire wires 5b having a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm arranged at equal intervals inside the electrode 5, and a voltage is applied to the electrode 5 to absorb water.
- the electric field strength around the wire 5b is increased, and corona discharge can be generated. Therefore, the ion wind 18 can be generated in the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5 is preferably formed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 facing the electrode 5, but has an angle of 90 ° in the same direction as the ventilation direction from the blower 8. It may be formed at a certain angle less than. Thereby, the ventilation direction of the air blower 8 and the ventilation direction of the ion wind 18 can be match
- the power source 6 is connected to the electrode 5 and applies a (high) voltage to the electrode 5 to cause corona discharge in a space with the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- a (high) voltage to the electrode 5 to cause corona discharge in a space with the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the wind speed of the ion wind 18 and the discharge power depending on the polarity applied to the electrode 5.
- the discharge power is a value indicated by the product of the voltage value applied to the electrode 5 and the current discharged from the electrode 5 to the water-absorbing humidifier 4, and FIG. 8 shows the protrusion 5 a on one side of the electrode 5. This is a result when a total of 15 columns in 3 rows and 5 columns are arranged.
- a positive DC voltage 101, a negative DC voltage 102, and an AC voltage 103 having a frequency of 60 Hz are applied to the electrode 5 in a normal direction with respect to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the result of measuring the wind speed of the ion wind 18 is shown.
- the wind speed in the vicinity of the surface of the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 was greatest when the positive DC voltage 101 was applied to the electrode 5 and tended to decrease in the order of the negative DC voltage 102 and the AC voltage 103.
- the mobility of ions serving as the driving source of the ion wind 18 differs depending on the polarity.
- Positive ions having a high mobility have a higher wind speed than the positive ions, and the mobility is higher than that of the positive ions.
- the wind speed of the ion wind 18 is reduced.
- the AC voltage 103 has a non-discharge time, the wind speed of the ion wind 18 is smaller than that of the positive DC voltage 101 and the negative DC voltage 102.
- the positive polarity DC voltage 101 is preferable as the polarity of the power source 6 in order to maximize the influence as the effect of disturbing the air 7 in the vicinity of the surface of the water absorbent humidifier 4.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the discharged ozone concentration and the discharge power depending on the polarity applied to the electrode 5.
- FIG. 9 shows a result of comparison of ozone concentrations discharged from the outlet of the humidifier 12 when the positive DC voltage 101 and the negative DC voltage 102 are applied to the electrode 5, respectively.
- the distance between the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the tip of the projection 5a of the electrode 5 was 5 mm, and the air was passed from the blower 8 to the space between the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 at a wind speed of 2.5 m / s. It is a result.
- the ozone concentration discharged from the humidifier 12 is lower in the positive DC voltage 101 than in the negative DC voltage 102.
- the positive DC voltage 101 Since the positive DC voltage 101 has fewer electrons emitted from the electrode 5 than the negative DC voltage 102, the probability of electron collision with oxygen molecules is low and the ozone concentration is low. For this reason, the positive polarity DC voltage 101 is preferable as the polarity of the power source 6 in terms of reducing the amount of ozone discharged from the humidifier 12.
- a superimposed pulse voltage obtained by superimposing a pulse voltage on a DC voltage may be applied to the electrode 5.
- an electrostatic field is formed by applying a DC voltage equal to or lower than the voltage at the start of discharge to the electrode 5, and a pulsed voltage is superimposed on the DC voltage so that ions released by the pulsed voltage are generated by the electrostatic field.
- the ion wind 18 is generated by being accelerated.
- the ion wind 18 can be generated with low power consumption and low ozone generation. And humidification can be promoted.
- the DC voltage input value and the pulse voltage input value may be determined according to the distance between the water-absorbing humidifier 4 and the tip of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5.
- the frequency of the pulse voltage and the duty ratio defined by the pulse width and the frequency may be determined according to the specifications.
- the distance between the water-absorbing humidifier 4 and the tip of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5 is preferably 3 mm or more. If it is less than 3 mm, when a positive DC voltage 101 is applied to the electrode 5, a spark discharge is generated directly from the glow corona, so that no ionic wind 18 is generated and the moisture concentration near the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 is high.
- An air layer (hereinafter referred to as a saturated air layer) cannot be stirred.
- the blower 8 causes the air 7 to flow in parallel along the surface of the water absorbent humidifier 4 in the air path of the air 7 formed in the space between the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 having the same potential as the ground potential.
- a sirocco fan, a propeller fan, a line flow fan, etc. may be selected as appropriate.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram illustrating an example of the air conditioner 15 on which the humidifying device 12 according to the first embodiment is mounted.
- the air conditioner 15 including the humidifier 12 according to the first embodiment includes a humidifier 12 including a blower 8, a filter 13, and a heat exchanger 14.
- the humidifying device 12 is arranged on the leeward side of the heat exchanger 14 and humidifies the space by ventilating the air 7 heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 14.
- the humidified water 1 stored in the supply unit 2 is transported to the nozzle 3, and the nozzle 3 to which the humidified water 1 is transported is from above the water absorbent humidifier 4 toward the top of the water absorbent humidifier 4. Is added to the water-absorbing humidifying material 4.
- the water-absorbing humidifier 4 has a capillary force and can utilize the gravity of the humidifying water 1. Therefore, the humidified water 1 is uniformly diffused throughout the water absorbent humidifier 4 through the gap 10 of the water absorbent humidifier 4. Further, the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 holds a certain amount of the humidifying water 1.
- Air 7 flows from the windward side of the water absorbent humidifier 4 as shown in FIG. 1 by the blower 8, and is blown through the space between the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 in parallel with the surface of the water absorbent humidifier 4. The Thereby, the air 7 evaporates by the gas-liquid contact with the surface of the water-absorbing humidifying material 4, and the space is humidified.
- a voltage is applied from the power source 6 to the electrode 5
- corona discharge occurs from the electrode 5 to the water-absorbing humidifier 4 having the same potential as the ground potential.
- ions are generated by the charge released from the electrode 5 by corona discharge being attached to a substance having high electric affinity in the air.
- the generated ion species is accelerated by the electric field formed by the water-absorbing humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 and travels in the normal direction to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 as a counter electrode. Collisions with molecules occur, and ions and neutral molecules move in the direction of the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 to generate a wind called ion wind 18.
- FIG. 11 is a principle diagram showing a humidification mechanism.
- the diffusion phenomenon of water vapor from the water absorbent humidifier 4 including the humidified water 1 into the air is governed by the diffusion rate N a , the diffusion coefficient is De , the water concentration in the air 7 is C a , and the water absorbent humidifier is.
- the water concentration of the wood in the 4 C o, when the saturated air layer thickness [delta], the diffusion rate N a is given by equation (1).
- N a D e ⁇ (C o ⁇ C a ) / ⁇ (1)
- FIG. 12 is a principle diagram showing a mechanism of humidification by the ion wind 18.
- an ionic wind 18 is passed in the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water-absorbent humidifier 4 to absorb water.
- the air 7 having a moisture concentration lower than that of the saturated air layer 16 a can be mixed with the saturated air layer 16 a in the vicinity of the water absorbent humidifying material 4. Therefore, the difference between the water concentration C a moisture concentration C o and air 7 in 4 water-absorbing humidifying element since it can be increased, it is possible to significantly improve the humidification efficiency.
- the distance between the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 made of porous metal and the tip of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5 is 5 mm, and the height of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5 is high.
- the humidification performance by the discharge power of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 when the average wind speed is 2.5 m / s in the space between the water-absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 by the blower 8. The result of examining the ratio is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a result of evaluating the humidification performance by the ion wind 18.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 13 is the discharge power indicated by the product of the voltage value applied to the electrode 5 and the discharge current to the water-absorbing humidifying material 4, and the humidifying performance ratio shown on the vertical axis is when no voltage is applied to the electrode 5.
- the humidification performance ratio by the action of the ion wind 18 excluding the evaporation performance due to the Joule heat of the discharge is shown with the humidification performance as a reference. In this test, a positive DC voltage 101 was applied to the electrode 5 and the water-absorbing humidifier 4 was grounded.
- the positive DC voltage 101 can provide higher performance than the negative DC voltage 102. For this reason, when the humidity is low, the humidification performance can be improved by increasing the voltage applied to the electrode 5. Further, under the condition that the saturation of the air 7 is increased due to humidification by the ion wind 18 and dew condensation occurs, the voltage applied to the electrode 5 can be reduced to prevent dew condensation on the apparatus wall surface.
- the positive DC voltage 101 can have a large control range of the humidification performance by controlling the voltage applied to the electrode 5 of the power source 6. The application of voltage and the control of the discharge current are performed by a CPU or the like mounted on a control device (not shown).
- the air conditioner 15 provided with the humidification apparatus 12 draws the air 7 in the air conditioner 15 with the air blower 8, as shown in FIG. Since the air 7 contains fine particles, the fine particles are collected by the filter 13, and the air 7 is heated or cooled by the heat exchanger 14, and is passed through the humidifier 12 to be humidified.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of the humidifier 12 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 shows a configuration provided with an electrode 22 facing only the downstream surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 on the air path downstream side of the air 7, and the other configuration is the same as FIG. 1.
- the humidifying operation is performed by supplying the humidifying water 1 to the water absorbing humidifying material 4 having the same potential as the ground potential, the air is absorbed from the air 7 on the windward side of the water absorbing humidifying material 4, and therefore the water absorbing property is obtained from the equation (2).
- the saturated air layer thickness ⁇ 16 increases.
- the moisture concentration C a of the air 7 increases according to the distance through which the air 7 flowing in parallel with the water absorbent humidifier 4 passes along the surface of the water absorbent humidifier 4.
- the water concentration difference becomes smaller is the difference between the water concentration C a moisture concentration C o and air 7 in 4 water-absorbing humidifying element, since the diffusion rate N a is reduced from equation (1), the water-absorbing The humidification performance of the humidifying material 4 is reduced.
- the supply unit 2, the water-absorbing humidifier 4, the electrode 22, the power source 6, and the blower 8 can be fixed by a predetermined support. It does not specifically limit as a support body, What is necessary is just to select suitably according to a use. Since the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted.
- the projection is provided by including the electrode 22 facing the downstream surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the arrangement interval of the parts 5a is the same, the number of the protrusions 5a of the electrode 22 is reduced. Therefore, the discharge power of each protrusion 5a increases, and an ion wind 18 having a higher wind speed can be generated from the protrusion 5a toward the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the saturated air layer 16a near the surface of the water absorbent humidifier 4 can be stirred,
- the saturated air layer thickness ⁇ 16 can be reduced by the amount of wind speed. For this reason, humidification can be promoted at the downstream portion of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 where the humidification effect is reduced, and the humidification performance can be improved.
- the discharge power as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to control the strength of the ionic wind 18 directed in the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram of the humidifying device 12 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 shows a configuration in which an ozone decomposing mechanism 19 for decomposing ozone is provided on the downstream side of the air path of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 and the electrode 5, and the other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- ozone is generated as a discharge byproduct.
- Ozone is very active and contributes to the decomposition and inactivation of harmful substances, bacteria, viruses, etc., but it is highly corrosive and may cause a burden on the human body. It is defined as 0.1 ppm. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the ozone decomposing mechanism 19 is provided on the downstream side of the air path of the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 that generate the ion wind 18.
- the ozone decomposition mechanism 19 may be any mechanism that decomposes ozone generated by corona discharge between the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 and the electrode 5, such as an ultraviolet method that decomposes ozone with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm, or ozone with high-temperature gas.
- an ultraviolet method that decomposes ozone with ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm
- ozone with high-temperature gas There are a thermal decomposition method for thermal decomposition, an activated carbon method for decomposing by adsorbing ozone on activated carbon, a catalytic method for catalytic decomposition with a catalyst such as manganese dioxide, etc., which may be determined as appropriate according to removal performance, application, pressure loss, and application environment.
- a catalyst method using a honeycomb catalyst that is easy to install and can reduce pressure loss is preferable.
- the humidifier 12 according to Embodiment 3 and the air conditioner 15 including the humidifier 12 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the humidification is performed by controlling the voltage applied to the electrode 5 of the power source 6. Control performance.
- the control of the power source 6 may generate ozone above a specified value. Therefore, an ozone decomposition mechanism 19 is provided on the downstream side of the air path of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 and is discharged from the humidifier 12. Reduce the ozone concentration below the specified value and perform humidification control.
- the supply unit 2, the water-absorbing humidifier 4, the electrode 5, the power source 6, the blower 8, and the ozone decomposition mechanism 19 can be fixed by a predetermined support. It does not specifically limit as a support body, What is necessary is just to select suitably according to a use.
- the ozone decomposition mechanism 19 can decompose and remove ozone accompanying the generation of the ionic wind 18, can suppress corrosion of equipment caused by suppressing ozone discharged from the humidifier 12, and can control the humidification performance. 12 and the air conditioner 15 provided with the humidification apparatus 12 can be provided.
- Embodiment 4 FIG.
- the humidifier 12 according to the fourth embodiment and the air conditioner 15 provided with the humidifier 12 will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment.
- the humidifying water 1 is supplied to the water-absorbing humidifier 4 for a certain period of time after the humidifying operation by the user in order to suppress mold generation on the water-absorbent humidifier 4.
- the air blowing operation is stopped, and the generation of mold is suppressed by drying the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- the humidifier 12 and the air conditioner 15 including the humidifier 12 may be used for a computer room, for example, and need to be continuously humidified.
- the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 is continuously supplied with the humidifying water 1 and becomes an environment in which mold tends to grow, so that a hygienic problem occurs.
- FIG. 16 is an operation diagram of the humidifier 12 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the vertical axis indicates the voltage applied to the electrode 5, and the horizontal axis indicates time.
- the operation of the humidifier 12 according to the fourth embodiment and the air conditioner 15 including the humidifier 12 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the ionic wind 18 generated by the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 is humidified by applying the ionic wind 18 to the surface of the water absorbent humidifier 4 in the normal direction. Generate.
- the humidification operation by the ion wind 18 is performed by applying the voltage V 1 to the electrode 5 after the humidification operation by ventilation until the time T 1 .
- the voltage applied to the water-absorbing humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 is increased to the voltage V 2 and the highly active species are exposed to the water-absorbing humidifier 4 in a sterilization mode that generates highly active species such as ozone. To do.
- T 3 to lower the voltage value to V 1 again and humidifying operation according to the ion wind 18 again. These are repeated in a certain cycle.
- the times T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 may be appropriately determined depending on the use environment.
- the voltages V 1 and V 2 may be determined according to the required humidification performance and the required ozone concentration.
- FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of the humidifying device 12 according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. 17 is the same as Embodiment 1 except that a temperature / humidity sensor 20 and an absolute humidity control unit 21 are provided.
- the humidifier 12 of the present invention and the air conditioner 15 equipped with the humidifier 12 humidify the ion wind 18 generated by the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5 by applying it to the surface of the water absorbent humidifier 4. Is.
- excessive humidification reduces the room temperature due to heat of vaporization, increasing the heating load in winter.
- the temperature / humidity sensor 20 and the absolute humidity control unit 21 which analyzes the signal of the temperature / humidity sensor 20 are provided on the downstream side of the air path of the water absorbent humidifier 4 and the electrode 5.
- the temperature and humidity sensor 20 may be connected to the absolute humidity control unit 21 using a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, respectively.
- the absolute humidity control unit 21 calculates the absolute humidity from the signal from the temperature / humidity sensor 20, and controls the applied voltage of the power source 6 based on the absolute humidity value.
- the electrode 5 is ventilated on the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 where the wind speed of the ion wind 18 is determined by controlling the input voltage by the power source 6.
- the supply unit 2, the water-absorbing humidifier 4, the electrode 5, the power source 6, the blower 8, the temperature / humidity sensor 20, and the absolute humidity control unit 21 can be fixed by a predetermined support. It does not specifically limit as a support body, What is necessary is just to select suitably according to a use.
- FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram of the humidifying device 12 according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 shows a configuration including an electrode 23 facing only the upstream surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 on the upstream side of the air path of the air 7, and the other configuration is the same as FIG. 1.
- Water-absorbing humidifying element 4 windward low humidity air flows into the water concentration difference increases is the difference between the water concentration C a moisture concentration C o and air 7 in 4 water-absorbing humidifying element, wherein (1 ) diffusion rate N a is the increased humidification is promoted from.
- the tip of the protruding portion 5a of the electrode 5 is in the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water absorbing humidifier 4.
- the saturated air layer thickness ⁇ 16 is reduced, and humidification is promoted.
- it is set as the structure provided with the electrode 23 which opposes only the surface of the upstream part of the water absorbing humidifier 4 so that humidification may be accelerated in the upstream part of the water absorbent humidifier 4.
- the supply unit 2, the water-absorbing humidifier 4, the electrode 23, the power source 6, and the blower 8 can be fixed by a predetermined support. It does not specifically limit as a support body, What is necessary is just to select suitably according to a use. Since the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- the protrusion is provided by providing the electrode 23 facing the upstream surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4. If the arrangement interval of 5a is the same, the number of projections 5a of the electrode 23 is reduced. Therefore, the discharge electric power of each protrusion part 5a increases, and the ion wind 18 with a larger wind speed can be generated toward the normal line direction from the protrusion part 5a with respect to the surface of the water absorbing humidifying material 4.
- the saturated air layer 16a in the vicinity of the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 can be agitated by applying the ionic wind 18 to the surface of the water-absorbent humidifier 4 facing the electrode 23 from the normal direction.
- the saturated air layer thickness ⁇ 16 can be reduced by the amount of wind speed. For this reason, humidification can be further promoted at the upstream portion of the water-absorbing humidifier 4 into which low-humidity air flows, and the humidification performance can be improved. Further, by controlling the discharge power as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to control the strength of the ionic wind 18 directed in the normal direction with respect to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifier 4.
- Embodiment 7 FIG.
- the humidifier 12 according to the seventh embodiment and the air conditioner 15 provided with the humidifier 12 will be described focusing on differences from the first embodiment.
- the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 is conductive, an ion wind 18 acting in the normal direction from the tip of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5 to the surface of the water-absorbing humidifying material 4 acts.
- the ionic wind 18 is not generated, so there is no humidification effect by the ionic wind 18.
- a conductor 25 such as a metal plate or a metal mesh is sandwiched between non-conductive water-absorbing humidifiers 24.
- the conductor 25 may be provided between the tip of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5 and the water absorbent humidifier 24, and may or may not be in contact with the water absorbent humidifier 24. .
- a water-absorbing humidifier 24 may be provided on the opposite side of the conductor 25 with respect to the tip of the protruding portion 5a of the electrode 5.
- an ion wind 18 is generated between the tip of the protrusion 5a of the electrode 5 and the conductor 25 and the conductor 25 is a metal having an opening such as a metal mesh or a punching metal, the ion wind 18 passes through the opening of the conductor 25. And since it becomes the structure which hits the water absorbing humidifier 24 in the opposing surface, humidification can be accelerated
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Humidification (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(加湿装置の構成)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る加湿装置12の構成図である。
図1に示すように、本実施の形態1に係る加湿装置12は、加湿空間へ加湿する加湿水1を貯留する供給部2と、この供給部2から加湿水1を吸水性加湿材4に供給する給水手段であるノズル3と、少なくとも1つ以上立設し、接地電位と同電位である吸水性加湿材4と、吸水性加湿材4の面と所定の距離を有して対向する電極5と、電極5に電圧を印加する電源6と、吸水性加湿材4と電極5との間の空間に空気7を流す送風機8と、吸水性加湿材4からの余剰水を受けるドレンパン9と、で構成したものである。
図2に示すように、電極5の両面にはそれぞれ導電性の突起部5aが、電極5と対向する吸水性加湿材4の面に対して垂直に形成されている。また、図3に示すように電極5に電圧を印加すると、突起部5aから吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かってイオン風18が発生する。そして、そのイオン風18が吸水性加湿材4に衝突することにより加湿性能を大幅に向上させることができる。なお、この原理については後述する。
吸水性加湿材4が樹脂の場合、その材質は特に限定されるものではなく、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
吸水性加湿材4が繊維の場合、その材質として、アセテート、ポリエステル、ナイロン等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、樹脂を材質として多孔質体を形成したものに、金属の粉末をコーティングしたものを用いてもよい。
吸水性加湿材4の形状についても特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、図5に示すように、平板形状(A)、四角柱形状(B)、又は円柱形状(C)としてもよく、また、内部に空洞を有する円型筒状形状(D)、四角型筒形状(E)、又は三角型筒形状(F)でもよく、製造する加湿装置12の大きさに合わせて適宜調整すればよい。
電極5は、吸水性加湿材4との間でコロナ放電が起こりやすい形状であることが望ましく、図6に示すように電極5が突起部5aを有し、その突起部5aが三角形形状(A)、針形状(B)、鋸刃形状(C)等の形状、又は、図7に示すように電極5の内部に導電性のワイヤ線5bが配置されたワイヤ形状が好ましい。図6の上面図は、図1の上側から電極5を見た図であり、図6の側面図は、図1の右側から電極5を見た図である。
図8には、電極5に、正極性直流電圧101、負極性直流電圧102、及び周波数60Hzの交流電圧103をそれぞれ印加した場合の、吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向に流れるイオン風18の風速を測定した結果が示されている。
吸水性加湿材4の面近傍での風速は、電極5に正極性直流電圧101を印加した場合が最も大きく、負極性直流電圧102、交流電圧103の順で小さくなる傾向であった。これは、極性によりイオン風18の駆動源となるイオンの移動度が異なることが原因であり、移動度が大きい正極性イオンはイオン風18の風速が大きくなり、正極性イオンよりも移動度が小さい負極性イオンの場合は、イオン風18の風速が小さくなる。また、交流電圧103は非放電時間を有するため、正極性直流電圧101、及び負極性直流電圧102よりもイオン風18の風速は小さくなる。このため、吸水性加湿材4の表面近傍の空気7を乱す効果として最も影響を大きくするために、電源6の極性は正極性直流電圧101が好ましい。
図9には、電極5に、正極性直流電圧101及び負極性直流電圧102をそれぞれ印加した場合の、加湿装置12の出口から排出されるオゾン濃度を比較した結果が示されている。
なお、吸水性加湿材4と、電極5の突起部5aの先端との距離を5mmとし、送風機8から吸水性加湿材4と電極5との間の空間に風速2.5m/sで通風した結果である。
加湿装置12から排出されるオゾン濃度は、負極性直流電圧102と比較して正極性直流電圧101の方が低い。正極性直流電圧101は、負極性直流電圧102と比較して電極5から放出される電子が少ないため、酸素分子との電子衝突確率が低く、オゾン濃度が低い。このため、加湿装置12から排出されるオゾンの量を少なくするという点に関して、電源6の極性は正極性直流電圧101が好ましい。
以上のように、放電開始時の電圧以下の直流電圧を電極5に印加し、一定周波数のパルス状電圧を重畳することにより、低消費電力、低オゾン生成量でイオン風18を発生させることができ、加湿を促進することができる。
なお、直流電圧入力値、及びパルス状電圧入力値は、吸水性加湿材4と電極5の突起部5aの先端との距離に応じて決定すればよい。また、パルス状電圧の周波数、及びパルス幅と周波数で定義されるデュティー比は、仕様に応じて決定すればよい。
本実施の形態1に係る加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15は、図10に示すように、送風機8を含む加湿装置12と、フィルタ13と、熱交換器14と、で構成されるものであり、加湿装置12は熱交換器14の風下側に配置されて、熱交換器14で熱交換された空気7を通気して空間の加湿を行うものである。
次に、図1を参照しながら、本実施の形態1に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について説明する。
供給部2に貯留されている加湿水1はノズル3へ搬送され、加湿水1が搬送されたノズル3は、吸水性加湿材4の上方から吸水性加湿材4の上部へ向けて加湿水1を滴下することによって、吸水性加湿材4に加湿水1が供給される。吸水性加湿材4は、毛細管力を有すると共に、加湿水1の重力を利用することができる。そのため、加湿水1は、吸水性加湿材4の空隙部10を通じて、吸水性加湿材4の全体に均一に拡散される。また、吸水性加湿材4は、加湿水1を一定量保持することになる。
ここで、吸水性加湿材4からの加湿メカニズムについて図11を用いて述べる。
加湿水1を含む吸水性加湿材4から空気中への水蒸気の拡散現象は、拡散速度Naに支配されており、拡散係数をDe、空気7中の水分濃度をCa、吸水性加湿材4中の水分濃度をCo、飽和空気層厚さをδとすると、拡散速度Naは式(1)で与えられる。
Na=De×(Co-Ca)/δ (1)
δ=L/(0.644×Pr 1/3×(ρ×U×L/V)1/2) (2)
図12に示すように、電極5から吸水性加湿材4へコロナ放電させた場合、上記現象に加えてイオン風18が吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向に通風され、吸水性加湿材4の面に当たることにより、吸水性加湿材4近傍の飽和空気層16aに、飽和空気層16aよりも水分濃度が低い空気7を混合させることができる。そのため、吸水性加湿材4中の水分濃度Coと空気7の水分濃度Caとの差を大きくできることから、加湿性能を大幅に向上させることができる。
図13の横軸は電極5へ印加した電圧値と吸水性加湿材4への放電電流との積で示される放電電力、縦軸に示す加湿性能比は、電極5に電圧を印加しない場合の加湿性能を基準とし、放電のジュール熱による蒸発性能を除いたイオン風18の作用による加湿性能比率を示したものである。なお、本試験では電極5に正極性直流電圧101を印加し、吸水性加湿材4を接地した。
また、加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15は、図10に示すように送風機8により空気調和機15内に空気7を引き込む。空気7には微粒子が含まれるため、微粒子はフィルタ13で捕集され、空気7は熱交換器14により空気7は加熱、又は冷却されて、加湿装置12内へ通風され、加湿される。
以上の構成のように、本実施の形態1に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15において、電極5から接地電位と同電位である吸水性加湿材4へコロナ放電させることにより、電極5から吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かってイオン風18を発生させることができる。イオン風18を吸水性加湿材4の面に当てながら風路に空気7を流すことにより、吸水性加湿材4表面近傍の飽和空気層16aを拡散することができ、飽和空気層厚さδ16を薄くできる。そのため、式(1)より、吸水性加湿材4からの加湿水1の蒸発を大幅に促進させることができる。
本実施の形態2に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について、実施の形態1と相違する点を中心に説明する。
図14は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る加湿装置12の構成図である。
図14は、空気7の風路下流側である吸水性加湿材4の下流部の面のみと対向する電極22を備えた構成であり、その他の構成は図1と同じである。
なお、動作については実施の形態1と同様であるため省略する。
吸水性加湿材4の下流部の面と対向する電極22を備える構成とすることで、本実施の形態1のように吸水性加湿材4の面全体と対向する電極5と比較して、突起部5aの配置間隔を同じとすると、電極22の突起部5aの数が少なくなる。そのため、各突起部5aの放電電力が増加し、突起部5aから吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かって、より風速が大きいイオン風18を発生させることができる。
そして、そのイオン風18を、電極22と対向する吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向から当てることにより、吸水性加湿材4表面近傍の飽和空気層16aを攪拌することができ、風速が大きい分だけ飽和空気層厚さδ16を薄くすることができる。
このため、加湿効果が低くなる吸水性加湿材4の下流部で加湿を促進することができ、加湿性能を向上させることができる。また、図8に示すように放電電力を制御することにより、吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かうイオン風18の強弱を制御することができる。
本実施の形態3に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について、実施の形態1と相違する点を中心に説明する。
図15は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る加湿装置12の構成図である。
図15は、吸水性加湿材4及び電極5の風路下流側にオゾンを分解するオゾン分解機構19を設けた構成であり、その他の構成は図1と同じである。
次に、図15を参照しながら、本実施の形態3に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について説明する。
吸水性加湿材4と電極5の間でコロナ放電させ、吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向にイオン風18を当て加湿させる場合、電源6の電極5への印加電圧制御により加湿性能の制御を行う。このとき、電源6の制御により、規定値以上のオゾンが発生する可能性があるため、吸水性加湿材4及び電極5の風路下流側にオゾン分解機構19を設け、加湿装置12から排出されるオゾン濃度を規定値以下まで下げて加湿制御を行う。なお、実際の使用形態においては、供給部2、吸水性加湿材4、電極5、電源6、送風機8、オゾン分解機構19は所定の支持体によって固定することができる。支持体として特に限定されず、用途にあわせて適宜選択すればよい。
オゾン分解機構19により、イオン風18生成に伴うオゾンを分解除去することができ、加湿装置12から排出されるオゾンを抑えることによる機器の腐食を抑えることができ、かつ加湿性能を制御できる加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15を提供することができる。
本実施の形態4に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について、実施の形態1と相違する点を中心に説明する。
通常の吸水性加湿材4を用いた加湿装置12の場合、ユーザによる加湿運転後、吸水性加湿材4へのカビ発生抑制のため、吸水性加湿材4には一定時間、加湿水1の供給を停止した送風運転が実施されており、吸水性加湿材4の乾燥によりカビの生成を抑制している。しかし、加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15は、例えば計算機室用に用いられる可能性があり、連続的に加湿運転をする必要がある。この場合、吸水性加湿材4は連続的に加湿水1が供給され、かつカビが生育しやすい環境となることから、衛生的な問題が発生する。
図16は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る加湿装置12の運転図である。図16において縦軸は電極5へ印加する電圧を、横軸は時間をそれぞれ示す。
次に、図16を参照しながら、本実施の形態4に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15の動作について説明する。
吸水性加湿材4と電極5とで生成したイオン風18を吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向に当てて加湿を行うが、経年的な使用により吸水性加湿材4にカビが生成する。
電源6の制御により、吸水性加湿材4及び電極5にかかる電圧を制御して、イオン風18による加湿運転と、オゾンなどの高活性種を生成する除菌モードを一定サイクルで繰り返すことにより、加湿水1を吸水性加湿材4に連続的に供給する加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を構成する空気調和機15に対して、カビ生成の源なる真菌の成長を抑えることができる。そのため、高い衛生性を保つことができる加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を構成する空気調和機15を提供することができる。
本実施の形態5に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について、実施の形態1と相違する点を中心に説明する。
図17は、本発明の実施の形態5に係る加湿装置12の構成図である。
図17において、温湿度センサ20、絶対湿度制御ユニット21を設けたこと以外は実施の形態1と同様である。
本発明の加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15は、吸水性加湿材4と電極5とで生成したイオン風18を、吸水性加湿材4の面に当てることにより加湿するものである。しかし、過剰に加湿すると気化熱により室内温度が低下するため、冬季の暖房の負荷が増大する。このため、本実施の形態5では吸水性加湿材4及び電極5の風路下流側に、温湿度センサ20と、温湿度センサ20の信号を解析する絶対湿度制御ユニット21とを設ける。
次に、図17を参照しながら、本実施の形態5に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15の動作について説明する。
吸水性加湿材4と電極5とで生成したイオン風18を吸水性加湿材4に当てて加湿を行う。このとき、吸水性加湿材4及び電極5の風路下流側に設けた温湿度センサ20により空気7の温度湿度を測定する。この測定結果から室内環境の絶対湿度を検知し、その検知値に応じて絶対湿度制御ユニット21の信号により電源6を制御する。電極5は電源6により投入電圧を制御されることによりイオン風18の風速が決定された吸水性加湿材4の面に通風される。なお、実際の使用形態においては、供給部2、吸水性加湿材4、電極5、電源6、送風機8、温湿度センサ20、絶対湿度制御ユニット21は所定の支持体によって固定することができる。支持体として特に限定されず、用途にあわせて適宜選択すればよい。
上記の構成によれば、吸水性加湿材4と電極5との間のイオン風18を発生させて加湿する加湿装置12において、温湿度センサ20による加湿性能の制御により暖房負荷を増大させることなく加湿することができる。
本実施の形態6に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について、実施の形態1と相違する点を中心に説明する。
図18は、本発明の実施の形態6に係る加湿装置12の構成図である。
図18は、空気7の風路上流側である吸水性加湿材4の上流部の面のみと対向する電極23を備えた構成であり、その他の構成は図1と同じである。
低湿度空気が流入する吸水性加湿材4の風上側では、吸水性加湿材4中の水分濃度Coと空気7の水分濃度Caとの差である水分濃度差が大きくなり、式(1)から拡散速度Naが高まり加湿が促進される。さらに、接地電位と同電位の吸水性加湿材4に加湿水1を供給して加湿運転を行う際、電極5の突起部5aの先端から吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かうイオン風18が作用することにより、飽和空気層厚さδ16は小さくなり、加湿が促進される。
このため、吸水性加湿材4の上流部で加湿が促進されるように、吸水性加湿材4の上流部の面のみと対向する電極23を備える構成とする。
また、動作については実施の形態1と同様であるため省略する。
吸水性加湿材4の上流部の面と対向する電極23を備える構成とすることで、実施の形態1のように吸水性加湿材4の面全体と対向する電極5と比較して、突起部5aの配置間隔を同じとすると、電極23の突起部5aの数が少なくなる。そのため、各突起部5aの放電電力が増加し、突起部5aから吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かってより風速が大きいイオン風18を発生させることができる。
そして、そのイオン風18を、電極23と対向する吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向から当てることにより、吸水性加湿材4の表面近傍の飽和空気層16aを攪拌することができ、風速が大きい分だけ飽和空気層厚さδ16を薄くすることができる。
このため、低湿度空気が流入する吸水性加湿材4の上流部で加湿をより促進することができ、加湿性能を向上させることができる。また、図8に示すように放電電力を制御することにより、吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かうイオン風18の強弱を制御することができる。
本実施の形態7に係る加湿装置12、及び加湿装置12を備えた空気調和機15について、実施の形態1と相違する点を中心に説明する。
実施の形態1の構成では吸水性加湿材4が導電性のため、電極5の突起部5aの先端から吸水性加湿材4の面に対して法線方向へ向かうイオン風18が作用する。しかし、吸水性加湿材4が非導電性の場合はイオン風18が生成されないため、イオン風18による加湿効果はない。
本実施の形態7では、図19に示すように非導電性の吸水性加湿材24間に金属板、金属メッシュ等の導体25を挟み込んだ構成とする。
そうすることにより、非導電性の吸水性加湿材24を使用してもイオン風18による加湿効果を得ることができる。なお、前記導体25は電極5の突起部5aの先端と吸水性加湿材24との間に設けてあれば良く、吸水性加湿材24に接触していてもよいし接触していなくてもよい。
吸水性加湿材24の間に導体25、又は電極5の突起部5aの先端に対して、導体25の対向側に吸水性加湿材24を設けることにより吸水性加湿材24が非導電性でもイオン風18による加湿効果を得ることができる。このため、電極5への入力制御により加湿性能を制御することができる。
Claims (15)
- 導電性の電極と、
前記電極の対向電極としての機能を有する吸水性加湿材と、
前記電極に電圧を印加する電源と、
前記吸水性加湿材に加湿水を供給する給水手段と、
前記電極と前記吸水性加湿材との間の空間に形成される風路に空気を流す送風機と、を備え、
前記電極に電圧を印加して前記電極から前記吸水性加湿材の面に対して法線方向へ向かうイオン風を発生させながら前記吸水性加湿材に当てて、前記風路の空気を加湿する
ことを特徴とする加湿装置。 - 前記吸水性加湿材は、電気的に接地されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記吸水性加湿材は、多孔質である
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極は導電性の突起部を有し、
前記突起部は、
前記電極と対向する前記吸水性加湿材の面に対して垂直方向に形成されている、又は、前記送風機からの通風方向と同じ方向に角度90°未満の一定角度で形成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極は、
導電性のワイヤ線を有している
ことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極へ印加する電圧値と、前記電極から前記吸水性加湿材へ放電する電流との積で示される値である放電電力を制御することにより加湿性能を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極に正極性直流電圧を印加する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極に、正極性直流電圧にパルス電圧を重畳した電圧を印加する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極は、
前記風路の下流側である前記吸水性加湿材の下流部の面のみと対向する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極は、
前記風路の上流側である前記吸水性加湿材の上流部の面のみと対向する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記吸水性加湿材及び前記電極の前記風路の下流側に、オゾンを分解するオゾン分解機構を設けた
ことを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記電極に印加する電圧の値を制御し、前記イオン風による加湿運転と、少なくともオゾンの高活性種を生成する除菌モードとを一定サイクルで繰り返す
ことを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 前記吸水性加湿材及び前記電極の前記風路の下流側に、温湿度センサ及び絶対湿度制御ユニットを設け、
前記温湿度センサにより空気の温度湿度を測定した結果から、室内環境の絶対湿度を検知し、その検知値に応じて前記絶対湿度制御ユニットの信号により前記電源を制御する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置。 - 導電性の電極と、
非導電性の吸水性加湿材と、
前記電極に電圧を印加する電源と、
前記吸水性加湿材に加湿水を供給する給水手段と、
前記電極と前記吸水性加湿材との間の空間に形成される風路に空気を流す送風機と、
前記吸水性加湿材と接触して、又は前記吸水性加湿材と一定間隔を空けて設けられた導体と、を備え、
前記電極に電圧を印加して前記電極から前記吸水性加湿材の面に対して法線方向へ向かうイオン風を発生させながら前記吸水性加湿材に当てて、前記風路の空気を加湿することを特徴とする加湿装置。 - 請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の加湿装置を備えた空気調和機。
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- 2014-06-19 CN CN201480051462.4A patent/CN105556216B/zh active Active
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110081535A (zh) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-02 | 唯顶(中国)高新技术有限公司 | 一种模仿雨过天晴水过滤净化负离子新风生态盒 |
| KR102122218B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-06-12 | 김병삼 | 욕실용 제습 건조 장치 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105556216A (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
| US10871296B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 |
| US20160146483A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
| CN105556216B (zh) | 2019-02-15 |
| JPWO2015040910A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
| JP6080965B2 (ja) | 2017-02-15 |
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