WO2014162822A1 - 放電加工装置、放電加工方法及び設計方法 - Google Patents
放電加工装置、放電加工方法及び設計方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014162822A1 WO2014162822A1 PCT/JP2014/056066 JP2014056066W WO2014162822A1 WO 2014162822 A1 WO2014162822 A1 WO 2014162822A1 JP 2014056066 W JP2014056066 W JP 2014056066W WO 2014162822 A1 WO2014162822 A1 WO 2014162822A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
- B23H1/022—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges for shaping the discharge pulse train
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/14—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H2300/00—Power source circuits or energization
- B23H2300/20—Relaxation circuit power supplies for supplying the machining current, e.g. capacitor or inductance energy storage circuits
- B23H2300/22—Circuits using or taking into account line impedance to shape the discharge pulse
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical discharge machining apparatus, an electrical discharge machining method, and a design method, and more particularly, to an electrical discharge machining apparatus including a current supply circuit that performs electrical discharge machining by supplying current to a gap between an electrode and a workpiece.
- Patent Document 1 a pulse voltage is applied between an electrode and a workpiece, and a pulsed current is supplied to a gap between the electrode and the workpiece, thereby processing the workpiece.
- An electric discharge machining apparatus for machining an object is known.
- Patent Document 2 describes that a pulse having a pulse width shorter than the response time of a switching element is generated by using a stray capacitance generated in series between an electrode and a workpiece.
- the distance between the electrode and the workpiece is controlled so that electric discharge occurs between the electrodes.
- a discharge occurs between the electrode and the workpiece, a current flows through the gap between the electrode and the workpiece, and a conductive path is formed.
- the surface roughness of the workpiece is improved when the peak current of the current pulse is reduced and the application time of the pulse width is reduced under the constraints of electric discharge machining.
- a pulse voltage is applied between the electrode and the workpiece by applying a pulse voltage from the outside of the electrode and the workpiece, and supplying the pulse voltage between the electrode and the workpiece. It was.
- the stray capacitance charge Q between the electrode and the workpiece is the product of the capacitance C and the voltage V. Therefore, as the voltage between the electrode and the workpiece increases, the charge stored in the stray capacitance also increases.
- the current is a value (dQ / dt) obtained by differentiating Q with respect to time. Therefore, the higher the voltage between the electrode and the workpiece, the more current flows in the gap between the electrode and the workpiece than what the designer had planned.
- stray capacitance has conventionally been generated unintentionally by the designer and has been regarded as a mere design obstacle. For this reason, designers have attempted to control the current supplied between the electrode and the workpiece by reducing stray capacitance and using only the current supplied from the power source.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electric discharge machining apparatus or the like that can improve the surface roughness of a workpiece by utilizing a stray capacitance.
- a first aspect of the present invention is an electric discharge machining apparatus including a current supply circuit that performs electric discharge machining by supplying electric current to a gap between an electrode and a workpiece.
- the electrode and the workpiece The stored charge is supplied to the gap with respect to the stray capacitance portion generated during the period, and then charged and discharged again.
- an electric discharge machining apparatus wherein the current supply circuit stores an electric charge before the discharge of the stray capacitance unit, and after the discharge of the stray capacitance unit.
- the power storage unit charges the stray capacitance unit with the stored charge.
- a third aspect of the present invention is the electrical discharge machining apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the current supply circuit includes a resistance unit connected in series with the electrode and the workpiece, The resistor is connected in parallel.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein the current supply circuit includes a coil unit that adjusts inductance between the power storage unit and the stray capacitance unit. It is characterized by.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is the electric discharge machining apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the current supply circuit applies a voltage to a gap between the electrode and the workpiece.
- the switching element continuously applies a voltage to the gap between the electrode and the workpiece from the time when the stray capacitance portion is discharged until it is charged and discharged again. Is.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention is the electric discharge machining apparatus according to the fifth aspect, wherein the switching element continuously applies a voltage to a gap between the electrode and the workpiece in the electric discharge machining.
- the switching element continuously applies a voltage to a gap between the electrode and the workpiece in the electric discharge machining.
- a voltage is applied to the gap between the electrode and the workpiece, and after the state is not applied, on / off control is performed again.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is the electric discharge machining apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the workpiece is fixed to a work table, and energization to the workpiece is performed by the workpiece.
- the work table has a multilayer structure, and includes a processing tank layer that forms a processing tank, a leg portion of the work table, and a fixing part for fixing the workpiece.
- An insulating layer for insulation and an energization layer for energizing the workpiece are included.
- An eighth aspect of the present invention is the electric discharge machining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the electric discharge machining is wire electric discharge machining, and the polarities of the workpiece and the electrode are set to an arbitrary cycle. An electrode switching circuit to be replaced with is provided.
- a ninth aspect of the present invention is an electric discharge machining method in a current supply circuit for performing electric discharge machining by supplying electric current to a gap between an electrode and a workpiece, and applying the voltage to the gap,
- a stray capacitance storage step for storing a stray capacitance between workpieces, and a voltage between the electrode and the workpiece exceeds a predetermined discharge voltage, thereby storing the stray capacitance in the gap with respect to the gap.
- a tenth aspect of the present invention is a design method for designing a current supply circuit that performs electric discharge machining by supplying current to a gap between an electrode and a workpiece, and the current supply circuit is used in the electric discharge machining.
- the charged electric charge is supplied to the gap and then discharged again with respect to the floating capacitance portion generated between the electrode and the workpiece, the electrode and the workpiece
- the resistance value determining step for determining the resistance value of the resistance portion, and the inductance value of the coil portion based on the time from when the electric discharge machining starts until the current flowing from the power supply portion side to the stray capacitance portion side increases.
- Induct to decide And Nsu value determining step is intended to include capacity determining step of determining the capacity of the power storage unit
- the power storage unit is, for example, a capacitor.
- This capacitor is a high-speed capacitor or a quick charge capacitor, and is used to store the stray capacitance after discharge at high speed.
- the stray capacitance is positively used, and the current pulse is generated using the charge contained in the stray capacitance, thereby reducing the peak current of the current pulse and reducing the surface roughness. It becomes possible to improve the degree.
- the power storage unit can charge the stray capacitance after discharging at high speed.
- the peak current of the current pulse is kept small, the voltage until the start of discharge between the electrode and the workpiece is recovered in a short time, the discharge cycle is shortened, and the number of discharges per unit time (discharge frequency) It is possible to increase the surface roughness efficiently.
- the machining can be carried out efficiently, the machining speed can be improved and the probability of receiving disturbances (external vibration, fluctuations in power supply voltage, changes in temperature, etc.) can be reduced. It is possible to obtain a processed surface roughness.
- the third aspect of the present invention it is possible to easily realize the charge after discharging the stray capacitance by connecting the power storage unit in parallel with the resistor. As a result, a discharge phenomenon caused by a small charge can be generated in a short cycle, and the surface roughness of the workpiece can be stably improved.
- the fourth aspect of the present invention by providing an inductor between the power storage unit and the stray capacitance unit by adjusting the inductance between the power storage unit and the power source during discharge, You can adjust the time until it starts to flow sufficiently. By allowing a sufficiently large amount to flow after the end of the discharge, most of the discharge between the electrodes can be caused by stray capacitance, and the discharge can be reduced. Further, charging is performed mainly for the stray capacitance, and the period of the discharge phenomenon can be reduced. Therefore, the coil part can adjust the peak voltage that contributes to the discharge while shortening the time from when the stray capacitance part is discharged until it is stored and discharged again.
- the switching element can generate the pulse current even in the ON state during the electric discharge machining.
- a pulse current can be generated by the on control.
- the pulse current is generated by the on control.
- the pulse current is generated by performing the on / off control to ensure the insulation recovery. For example, depending on whether the insulation recovery of the working fluid is earlier or later than a predetermined time, it is possible to reliably perform the insulation recovery not only by the on control but also by the on / off control.
- the seventh aspect of the present invention since the stray capacitance between the wire electrode and the workpiece can be minimized, the charge used for one discharge phenomenon is minimized, and one discharge trace is minimized. As a result, the surface roughness can be improved. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, there is a specification mechanism in which a work table is made of ceramic (insulating material), crafted on a work, and electrical wiring is performed. However, in order to craft a wiring location on the workpiece, the number of restrictions increases. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the work table has a multilayer structure. For example, an insulating layer and a conductive layer are included. The legs of the work table are made of metal and do not require any particular hardness.
- the table part which is an insulating layer is a ceramic layer, for example, and insulates the leg part of a work table and the fixing part for fixing a workpiece.
- the metal layer which is an energization layer, is a metal that energizes the workpiece, has a hardness that allows current to flow easily, and is difficult to be damaged by the workpiece. For example, heat-treated alloy steel.
- the stray capacitance is reduced because the mass of the conductive portion of the table in contact with the work is small compared to the structure in which current flows through the entire table.
- the working fluid existing as an insulator between the electrode and the workpiece is, for example, water
- electrolytic corrosion is likely to occur, so the polarity of the workpiece and the electrode is specified. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of electrical contact by processing at a different frequency.
- the power supply is provided with a switching device for this purpose.
- the processing fluid is water or oil
- characteristics such as oxidation / reduction and elution of substances constituting the workpiece and welding of other substances change. Different.
- the insulating property is high like oil, the distance between the electrode and the workpiece can be shortened.
- movement of the design apparatus 51 of FIG. 2 is a graph showing a result of voltage measurement between a wire electrode 17 and a workpiece 19 when actual electric discharge machining is performed in an actual circuit without the capacitor 11 and the coil 15 of FIG. 1.
- 2 is a graph showing a voltage measurement result between a wire electrode 17 and a workpiece 19 when an actual electric discharge machining is performed in an actual circuit when the capacitor 11 and the coil 15 of FIG. 1 are present.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of an example of an electric discharge machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the electric discharge machining apparatus 1 includes a current supply circuit 3.
- the current supply circuit 3 includes an electric discharge machining unit 5, a power source 7, a resistor 9 (an example of a “resistance unit” in the claims of the present application), a capacitor 11 (an example of an “electric storage unit” in the claims of the present application), a switching element 13 (an example of “switching element” in the claims of the present application) and a coil 15 (an example of “coil part” in the claims of the present application).
- the electric discharge machining unit 5 performs wire electric discharge machining, and includes an electrode 17 (an example of “electrode” in the claims of the present application) and a workpiece 19 (an example of “workpiece” in the claims of the present application). Between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19, a machining fluid exists as an insulator.
- the processing liquid is, for example, water or oil.
- a stray capacitance 21 is generated between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 by application of a voltage.
- the connection relationship of the current supply circuit 3 will be described.
- the electric discharge machining unit 5, the power source 7, the resistor 9, the switching element 13, and the coil 15 are connected in series.
- the capacitor 11 is connected in parallel with the resistor 9.
- the resistance value of the resistor 9 is R 1 .
- the switching element 13 also referred to as S 1.
- C x be the capacitance of the stray capacitance 21.
- the current passing through the resistor 9 is I r1 .
- the current supplied from the capacitor 11 is I c1 .
- the current passing through the coil 15 is I 1 .
- I 1 I r1 + I c1 .
- a voltage applied between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 is set to V 0 .
- the power source 7 is for applying a voltage between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19.
- the resistor 9 is for controlling the current from the power source 7.
- the capacitor 11 stores electricity using the current of the power source 7.
- the capacitor 11 is used to charge the stray capacitance 21 after the stray capacitance 21 is discharged.
- the switching element 13 is for controlling on and off of the electrical connection relationship between the power source 7 and the electrode 17. In the case of finishing processing using the stray capacitance 21, the switching element 13 may be kept on or may be switched on and off at a specific cycle. In the power supply circuit of FIG. 1, both on-control and on-off control can be selected.
- a pulse current can be generated by on-control. For example, on the basis of the time interval of the pulse current at the time of the on control, when the insulation recovery of the machining fluid is sufficiently faster than this time interval, the pulse current is generated by the on control.
- on / off control is performed to ensure insulation recovery. For example, when the insulation recovery of the machining fluid is earlier than a predetermined time, a pulse current is generated by ON control, and when the insulation recovery of the machining fluid is later than the predetermined time, ON / OFF control is performed. It becomes possible to generate the pulse current with reliable insulation recovery.
- the coil 15 forms an LRC circuit with the resistor 9, the capacitor 11, and the stray capacitance 21.
- the coil 15 is for adjusting the inductance between the capacitor 11 and the stray capacitance 21 to shorten the time from when the stray capacitance 21 is discharged to when it is stored and discharged again.
- the present invention is different from, for example, Patent Document 2 in which a device that resonates and realizes faster than switching is realized. That is, the inductance value L x of the coil 15 affects the rising speed (line 47 in FIG. 5) and the peak V value. For example, when the inductance value L x of the coil 15 is increased, the cycle is shortened, but the peak of the V value is increased. As a result, the electric capacity used for the discharge increases, which adversely affects the surface roughness. For this reason, for example, a value equivalent to the coil capacity of the wiring (or within a range that can be evaluated as equivalent) can be considered. Similarly, the rise is also influenced by the value of C 1. Therefore, a desired rise can be designed by adjusting the capacitance C 1 of the capacitor 11 and the inductance value L x of the coil 15.
- the electric discharge machining unit 5 applies a voltage between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 and supplies a current to the gap between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 to process the workpiece 19. .
- the distance between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 is controlled so that a discharge is generated between the electrodes.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a work table to which the workpiece 19 of FIG. 1 is fixed.
- 2A shows an outline of the work table
- FIG. 2B shows an overall image of the actually created work table
- FIG. 2C enlarges the portion of the multilayer structure of FIG. 2B. is there.
- the work table of the present embodiment has a multi-layer structure, a leg partial metal 31 (an example of a “leg part” in the claims of the present application, no particular hardness is required), and a ceramic layer for insulation. 33 (an example of the “insulating layer” in the claims of the present application) and a metal layer 35 for placing the workpiece 19 in contact with the ceramic layer 33 (the current can easily flow, and the workpiece 19 may be damaged. It has a structure that includes a metal having a hardness that is difficult to stick, such as a heat-treated alloy steel.
- the structure of the work table of this embodiment will be specifically described.
- the power feeding unit 41 is for feeding power to the metal layer 35.
- the workpiece 19 is fixed to the metal layer 35, and energization of the workpiece 19 is performed via the metal layer 35.
- the power feeding unit 43 is for feeding power to the heads 37 and 39.
- the work table is made entirely of metal.
- the stray capacitance is determined between the entire processing tank and the stray capacitance is large.
- the work table has a multi-layer structure, and insulation by the ceramic layer 33 can reduce the surface area of the work table while maintaining workability.
- the stray capacitance is substantially determined by the surface area of the work table and the surface area of the head, and the stray capacitance can be sufficiently reduced. Therefore, the workability can be improved compared to the case where the entire table is made of an insulator, and the mass of the conductive portion of the table contacting the work is less than the structure in which current flows through the entire table. Will be reduced.
- (C) is a diagram illustrating a method of supplying power to the metal layer 35.
- discharge voltage When the voltage applied to the electric discharge machining section 5 reaches a predetermined value (hereinafter referred to as “discharge voltage”), an electric discharge is generated between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19, and the gap between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 is generated. A current flows through and a conductive path is formed. Since the coil 15 exists in the current of the power source 7 and the capacitor 11, it takes time until a sufficiently large amount flows through the electric discharge machining unit 5 and the stray capacitance 21. Therefore, when a discharge occurs between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19, a large amount of current mainly flows from the stray capacitance 21 between the electrodes.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the measurement results of the surface roughness obtained by actual machining.
- the horizontal axis indicates the position, and the unit is mm.
- the vertical axis represents a cross-sectional curve, and the unit is ⁇ m. It is a standard pickup, the calculation standard is JIS-B0601, 2001 version, the measurement length is 1.25 mm, and the cutoff wavelength is 0.25 mm. Indicates the maximum surface roughness.
- the horizontal axis is time
- the vertical axis is the voltage V 0 in the upper graph and the current I 2 in the lower graph.
- V D is a discharge voltage.
- i 21 is the peak value of the pulse current.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the voltage V 0 and the current I 2 when the capacitor 11 of FIG. 1 is not provided.
- V 0 rises and exceeds the discharge voltage V D at time t 11 .
- V D discharge voltage
- the charge stored in the stray capacitance 21 is discharged, and the voltage of the stray capacitance 21 rapidly decreases.
- discharge is terminated at t 12. From t 11 to t 12 , a pulse current is generated.
- the stray capacitance 21 is stored again by the power source 7.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the voltage V 0 and the current I 2 when the capacitor 11 of FIG. 1 is present.
- V 0 rises and exceeds the discharge voltage V D at time t 21 .
- V D discharge voltage
- the charge stored in the stray capacitance 21 is discharged, and the voltage of the stray capacitance 21 rapidly decreases.
- discharge is terminated at t 22. From t 21 to t 22 , a pulse current is generated.
- the stray capacitance 21 is stored again by the power supply 7 and the capacitor 11.
- the power stored in the capacitor Since the power stored in the capacitor is used, the power stored in the line 47 is faster than that in the line 45 (lines t 12 to t 13 in FIG. 4). For this reason, when the discharge voltage V D is exceeded again at t 23 , which is earlier than t 13 , the charge stored in the stray capacitance 21 is discharged, and the voltage of the stray capacitance 21 rapidly decreases. By repeating this, a pulse current of period T 2 is generated. The period T 2 is shorter than the period T 1 .
- FIG. 6 shows a simulation result under the same conditions as the actual discharge interval.
- the horizontal axis indicates the time ( ⁇ sec) from the start of charging, and the vertical axis indicates the interelectrode voltage.
- the time until the voltage between the electrodes reaches 200 V was 0.234 ⁇ sec when there was no capacitor, whereas it was 0.087 ⁇ sec when there was a capacitor. Therefore, it can be seen that the voltage between the electrodes is rising about 2.6 times faster. Therefore, it can be seen that the speed of storage in the stray capacitance is greatly different between the case where the capacitor 11 is present and the case where the capacitor 11 is not present.
- the resistance value of the resistor 9 is determined from the value of the current supplied from the power source 7 to the stray capacitance 21 and the electric discharge machining unit 5. When this current is large, a current flows continuously between the electrodes. For this reason, the resistance value of the resistor 9 is determined so as to have a current value at which discharge between the electrodes does not continuously occur.
- the inductance value of the coil 15 is determined.
- the inductance value of the coil 15 is such that the current of the power source 7 stops flowing between the electrodes during discharging so that the electric power stored in the stray capacitance flows between the electrodes, and further, after the discharge is finished, It is determined that the current from the 7 side is stored in the stray capacitance 21.
- the capacity of the capacitor 11 is determined. If the capacity of the capacitor 11 is large, discharging between the electrodes will start due to overshoot when the stray capacitance 21 is charged. If it does so, discharge will become large and surface roughness will deteriorate. Therefore, the capacitance of the capacitor 11 is determined so that such overshoot does not occur.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a design apparatus for designing the current supply circuit 3 of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the design apparatus 51 of FIG.
- the design device 51 includes a resistance value determination unit 53, an inductance value determination unit 55, a capacitance determination unit 57, and a display unit 59.
- step ST1 the voltage of the power supply 7, the capacity of the stray capacitance 21, and the electrical characteristics of the electric discharge machining unit 5 are given (step ST1).
- the resistance value determining unit 53 determines the resistance value of the resistor 9 by the user's operation (step ST2).
- the resistance value determining unit 53 determines the current flowing through the resistor 9. For example, when the voltage of the power source 7 is 500 V, and the resistance value of the resistor 9 is 1 k ⁇ , a current of 0.5 A flows. Then, it is analyzed whether or not a continuous discharge is generated between the electrodes by this current (step ST3).
- the resistance value determining unit 53 may display the current flowing through the resistor 9 on the display unit 59.
- the process returns to the process of step ST2 and is analyzed again.
- the inductance value determination unit 55 determines the inductance value of the coil 15 by the user's operation (step ST4).
- the inductance value determination unit 55 analyzes the current flowing from the power supply 7 side to the stray capacitance 21 side as time elapses after the discharge between the electrodes starts. Then, it is analyzed whether or not a certain amount of current flows from the start to the end of discharge between the electrodes.
- the determination based on the fixed amount may be determined by comparing with an absolute amount, for example, or by a relative amount compared with the current from the stray capacitance 21.
- the inductance value determination unit 55 may display the current value over time on the display unit 59 as a graph or the like. When the user gives an instruction to correct the inductance value of the coil 15, the process returns to step ST4 and is analyzed again.
- the capacity determining unit 57 determines the capacity of the capacitor 11 by the user's operation (step ST6).
- the capacity determination unit 57 analyzes the voltage between the electrodes after discharging. Then, it is analyzed whether or not discharging is performed at the peak value of charging by the capacitor 11 (step ST7).
- the capacity determination unit 57 may display the voltage value along the passage of time on the display unit 59 by a graph or the like. When the user gives an instruction to correct the capacity of the capacitor 11, the process returns to step ST6 and is analyzed again.
- the electric discharge machining unit 5 for example, water or oil is used as the machining liquid that exists as an insulator between the electrode 17 and the workpiece 19.
- characteristics such as redox and elution of substances constituting the workpiece and welding of other substances change, so that the power supply configuration and the power supply polarity control method are different.
- electrolytic corrosion is likely to occur. Therefore, the occurrence of electrical contact is suppressed by changing the polarity of the workpiece and the electrode at a specific frequency.
- the power supply is provided with a switching device for this purpose. In the case of oil processing, there is no need to switch. For example, see JP-A-2-279214.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a voltage measurement result between the wire electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 when actual electric discharge machining is performed in an actual circuit without the capacitor 11 and the coil 15 of FIG. In this case, two effective discharges are confirmed within the time displayed on the graph. In addition, a phenomenon that seems to be a secondary discharge is observed three times.
- secondary discharge is a general term for electric discharge different from the intended electric discharge machining. For example, indirect discharge to sludge or the like generated during processing is mainly considered.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing a voltage measurement result between the wire electrode 17 and the workpiece 19 when an actual electric discharge machining is performed in an actual circuit when the capacitor 11 and the coil 15 of FIG. 1 are provided.
- eight effective discharges are confirmed within the time displayed on the graph.
- no secondary discharge has been observed.
- the voltage waveform has a suppressed overshoot and can be discharged with the minimum charge. From this, it is expected as a function of the capacitor 11 to secure a charge capacity capable of quickly charging the stray capacitance.
- the discharge phenomenon is delimited by delaying the charge from the power supply unit with respect to the discharge time.
- a function has been demonstrated that stably realizes a quick charge to the stray capacitance by causing an appropriate overshoot by the oscillation of the capacitor 11 and the coil 15.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 電極と被加工物の間隙に電流を供給して放電加工を行う電流供給回路を備える放電加工装置であって、
前記放電加工において、前記電極と前記被加工物の間に発生する浮遊容量部に対して、蓄電した電荷が前記間隙に供給された後に、充電して再び放電させることを特徴とする放電加工装置。 - 前記電流供給回路は、前記浮遊容量部の放電し終わる前までに電荷を蓄電し、前記浮遊容量部の放電後に、蓄電していた電荷によって前記浮遊容量部を充電する蓄電部を備える、請求項1記載の放電加工装置。
- 前記電流供給回路は、前記電極及び前記被加工物と直列に接続する抵抗部を含み、
前記蓄電部は、前記抵抗部と並列に接続する、請求項2記載の放電加工装置。 - 前記電流供給回路は、前記蓄電部及び前記浮遊容量部との間にあるインダクスタンスを調整するコイル部を備えることを特徴とする、請求項2又は3記載の放電加工装置。
- 前記電流供給回路は、前記電極と前記被加工物の間隙に電圧を印加するか否かを制御するスイッチング素子を備え、
前記スイッチング素子は、前記浮遊容量部が放電してから充電して再び放電するまでの間、継続して、前記電極と前記被加工物の間隙に電圧を印加させるものである、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の放電加工装置。 - 前記電流供給回路は、前記電極と前記被加工物の間隙に電圧を印加するか否かを制御するスイッチング素子を備え、
前記スイッチング素子は、
前記放電加工において、前記電極と前記被加工物の間隙に電圧を継続して印加させるオン制御をし、又は、
前記放電加工において、前記電極と前記被加工物の間隙に電圧を印加させた後、印加しない状態にし、再び印加する状態とするオンオフ制御をすることにより、前記電極と前記被加工物の間の絶縁を回復させるものである、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の放電加工装置。 - 前記被加工物は、ワークテーブルに固定され、前記被加工物への通電は、前記ワークテーブルを介して行われるものであり、
前記ワークテーブルは、多層構造であって、
前記ワークテーブルの脚部と前記被加工物を固定するための固定部とを絶縁する絶縁層、及び、
前記被加工物へ通電させる通電層を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の放電加工装置。 - 前記放電加工は、ワイヤ放電加工であって、
前記電極及び前記被加工物の極性を特定の周波数で入れ替える電極切替回路を備える、請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の放電加工装置。 - 電極と被加工物の間隙に電流を供給して放電加工を行う電流供給回路における放電加工方法であって、
前記間隙に電圧を印加することによって前記電極と前記被加工物の間の浮遊容量部を蓄電する浮遊容量部蓄電ステップと、
前記電極と被加工物の間の電圧が所定の放電電圧を越えることにより、前記間隙に対して前記浮遊容量部に蓄電されている電荷を放電し、前記電極と被加工物の間の電圧が所定の放電電圧未満となる浮遊容量部放電ステップと、
前記浮遊容量部を蓄電する浮遊容量部再蓄電ステップと、
前記電極と被加工物の間の電圧が、再び所定の放電電圧を越えることにより、前記間隙に対して前記浮遊容量部に蓄電されている電荷を放電する浮遊容量部再放電ステップを含むことを特徴とする放電加工方法。 - 電極と被加工物の間隙に電流を供給して放電加工を行う電流供給回路を設計するための設計方法であって、
前記電流供給回路は、
前記放電加工において、前記電極と前記被加工物の間に発生する浮遊容量部に対して、蓄電した電荷が前記間隙に供給された後に、充電して再び放電させるものであって、
前記電極及び前記被加工物と直列に接続する、電源部、抵抗部、及び、コイル部と、
前記抵抗部と並列に接続する蓄電部を備え、
前記電源部側から前記浮遊容量部側に流れる電流の値に基づいて前記抵抗部の抵抗値を決定する抵抗値決定ステップと、
前記放電加工が開始して前記電源部側から前記浮遊容量部側に流れる電流が増加するまでの時間に基づいて前記コイル部のインダクタンス値を決定するインダクタンス値決定ステップと、
前記放電加工が開始して前記間隙にかかる電圧の変化に基づいて前記蓄電部の容量を決定する容量決定ステップを含む設計方法。
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| JP2014537403A JP5689211B1 (ja) | 2013-04-04 | 2014-03-07 | 放電加工装置、放電加工方法及び設計方法 |
| CN201480002406.1A CN105246632B (zh) | 2013-04-04 | 2014-03-07 | 电火花加工装置、电火花加工方法以及设计方法 |
| US14/781,935 US10512979B2 (en) | 2013-04-04 | 2014-03-07 | Electrical discharge machining device, electrical discharge machining method, and design method |
| US16/574,914 US11407050B2 (en) | 2013-04-04 | 2019-09-18 | Electrical discharge machining device, electrical discharge machining method, and design method |
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| CN107552904B (zh) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种用于对金属-陶瓷功能梯度材料进行电火花加工的加工电源及加工方法 |
| EP3539702A1 (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-18 | Ocean Technologies Co., Ltd. | Current control device for an electrical discharge machine |
| JP7126561B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-08-26 | 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 | 放電加工機の電源装置 |
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| CN107635705B (zh) * | 2015-06-12 | 2019-05-10 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 放电加工电源装置 |
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| US20160059337A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
| JP5689211B1 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
| JPWO2014162822A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
| CN105246632B (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
| US20200009670A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
| CN105246632A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
| US11407050B2 (en) | 2022-08-09 |
| US10512979B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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