WO2014029650A1 - Drive unit - Google Patents
Drive unit Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014029650A1 WO2014029650A1 PCT/EP2013/066803 EP2013066803W WO2014029650A1 WO 2014029650 A1 WO2014029650 A1 WO 2014029650A1 EP 2013066803 W EP2013066803 W EP 2013066803W WO 2014029650 A1 WO2014029650 A1 WO 2014029650A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- drive unit
- planetary gear
- ring gear
- gear set
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
- F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
- F16H3/663—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with conveying rotary motion between axially spaced orbital gears, e.g. a stepped orbital gear or Ravigneaux
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/202—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set
- F16H2200/2025—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set using a Ravigneaux set with 5 connections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
- F16H2200/2038—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with three engaging means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drive unit for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising an electric machine and a transmission having a first planetary gear set having a first sun gear, at least a first planet gear and a first ring gear, and a second sun gear, at least one second planet gear and a second ring gear
- the second planetary gear set wherein the first and the second sun gear are arranged coaxially and the first and second planet gears are rotatably supported on a common planetary carrier, and wherein the drive shaft of the electric machine is drivingly connected to the first sun gear, and at least one ring gear via a Braking device is firmly held.
- Electric drive units for vehicles are required to produce high torque levels at low speeds, but this requires large and heavy battery packs to provide the necessary amperage.
- Conventional electric machines have speeds up to 6000 rpm, which limits the top speed of electrically powered vehicles without gear ratio.
- newer generations of electric motors can be operated at speeds well above 10,000 rpm, but the gearboxes with rigid transmission ratios require technically complex bearings which can absorb both radial and axial loads at high speeds.
- Drive units with such fast-rotating electrical machines are relatively expensive, expensive and require a relatively large amount of space.
- DE 10 2009 041 085 AI discloses an automatic transmission for a motor vehicle having a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set and at least one switching element, wherein the two Planetengetrieberad among each having a ring gear, at least one planetary gear and a sun gear.
- the ring gears of the Planetengetrieberad among can be fixed via a respective braking device.
- the planetary gear of the first planetary gear set and the planetary gear of the second planetary gear set can be connected via a clutch.
- Drive units with at least one electric machine and two planetary gear sets are further known from the publications DE 10 2010 031 744 AI, DE 10 2010 031 746 AI, DE 10 2010 031 747 AI and DE 10 2010 032 256 AI.
- the object of the invention is to develop a compact and space-saving drive unit with which at least two different gear ratios are possible and which has few components.
- the first ring gear of the first Planetengetrieberadsatzes via a first brake device and / or the second ring gear of the second Planetengetrieberadsatzes via a second braking device be held.
- a first and possibly also a second gear ratio can be realized.
- the common planet carrier of the first and second planetary gear set is firmly held by a third braking device.
- a third braking device As a result, two or three gear ratios can be realized.
- either the first or the second brake device is advantageously installed in combination with the third brake device. If three shiftable gear ratios are desired, the first, second and third brake devices are installed.
- first ring gear and the first sun gear via a switchable coupling with each other are firmly rotatably connected. This makes it possible - in combination with the three braking devices - realize a fourth shiftable translation stage.
- the two planetary gear sets have different gear ratios.
- the speed ratio of the planetary gear sets results from the peak speed of the electric machine and the vehicle characteristics.
- Different transmission ratios in the drive train are necessary in order to realize both optimal acceleration behavior and optimal behavior at top speeds.
- the size of the electric machine and the motor control can be kept small by using multiple switchable gear ratios.
- the engine speed can be reduced at high speeds of the vehicle, which can improve the efficiency and the noise behavior.
- two to three gear stages can be realized without the use of rotating couplings. This simplifies the hydraulic seal with hydraulic actuation. In addition, friction losses are avoided.
- a fourth gear stage (1: 1 direct drive) can also be realized for high driving speeds.
- the first planetary gear set is locked, the braking devices are open.
- a clutch a multi-plate clutch, a dog clutch or a synchronizer ring system can be used.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a drive train according to the invention
- Fig. 3 shows the drive train in a second embodiment.
- the drive train 1 for an electrically operated vehicle has an electric machine 2, whose drive shaft 3 acts via a gear 4 on an output shaft 5 for driving the vehicle.
- the transmission 4 has a first planetary gear set 10 with a first sun gear 11, a first ring gear 12 and at least one first planet gear 13, which is in meshing engagement with the first sun gear 11 and the first ring gear 12.
- the second Planetengetrieberadsatz 20 has a second sun gear 21, a second ring gear 22 and at least a second planetary gear 23, which is in meshing engagement with the second sun gear 21 and the second ring gear 22.
- the first planetary gear 13 and the second planetary gear 23 are rotatably connected to each other and rotatably supported on a common planet carrier 6.
- the first ring gear 12 may be retained via a first brake device 14, the second ring gear 22 via a second brake device 24. Furthermore, the planet carrier 6 can be held by a third braking device 34. By alternately operating one of the brake devices 14, 24, 34 and deactivating the two other brake devices, three gear stages G1, G2, G3 can be realized with different speed ratios.
- Another gear G4 can be realized when the first sun gear 11 and the drive shaft 3 of the electric machine 2 via a clutch 44 with the first ring gear 12 is firmly connected, whereby the first planetary gear 10 is locked. In this way, a direct drive with the speed ratio 1: 1 between the drive shaft 3 and the output shaft 5 can be achieved.
- the gear ratios of the first, second and third gears Gl, G2, G3 depend on the design-related gear ratios of the first planetary gear set 10 and the second planetary gear set 20, respectively, which are different.
- the first brake device 14 is activated and the two other brake devices 24 and 34 and the clutch 44 are deactivated.
- the second brake device 24 is activated and the other two brake devices 14 and 34, and the clutch 44 is deactivated.
- the third brake device 34 is activated and the other two brake devices 14 and 24, and the clutch 44 is deactivated.
- the fourth gear G4 only the clutch 44 is activated and the brake devices 14, 24 and 34 are deactivated.
- the braking devices 14, 24, 34, and the clutch 44 may be formed as multi-plate clutches, dog clutch or synchronizer clutches and hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically operated.
- FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of a drive train 1 arranged in the region of a drive axle of the vehicle, wherein a differential 7 is integrated into the transmission 4.
- Shown is an embodiment with three gears Gl, G2, G3, which can be connected via first, second and third brake devices 14, 24, 34.
- the transmission 4 can also be equipped with only two gears. be guided, with one of the two brake devices 14, 24 together with the corresponding ring gear 12, 22 can be omitted.
- Fig. 3 shows a similar embodiment as Fig. 2, wherein the transmission 4 is spatially separated from the differential.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Description
Antriebseinheit drive unit
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Antriebseinheit für ein elektrisch angetriebenes Fahrzeug, mit einer elektrischen Maschine und einem Getriebe mit einem ein erstes Sonnenrad, zumindest ein erstes Planetenrad und ein erstes Hohlrad aufweisenden ersten Planetengetrieberadsatz, und einem ein zweites Sonnenrad, zumindest ein zweites Planetenrad und ein zweites Hohlrad aufweisenden zweiten Planetengetrieberadsatz, wobei das erste und das zweite Sonnenrad koaxial angeordnet sind und das erste und zweite Planetenrad auf einem gemeinsamen Pla- netenradträger drehbar gelagert sind, und wobei die Treibwelle der elektrischen Maschine mit dem ersten Sonnenrad antriebsverbunden ist, und zumindest ein Hohlrad über eine Bremseinrichtung festhaltbar ist. The invention relates to a drive unit for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising an electric machine and a transmission having a first planetary gear set having a first sun gear, at least a first planet gear and a first ring gear, and a second sun gear, at least one second planet gear and a second ring gear The second planetary gear set, wherein the first and the second sun gear are arranged coaxially and the first and second planet gears are rotatably supported on a common planetary carrier, and wherein the drive shaft of the electric machine is drivingly connected to the first sun gear, and at least one ring gear via a Braking device is firmly held.
Elektrische Antriebseinheiten für Fahrzeuge werden benötigt, um hohe Drehmomentniveaus bei niedrigen Drehzahlen zu erzeugen, was aber große und schwere Batteriepackungen voraussetzt, um die nötige Stromstärke bereitzustellen. Konventionelle elektrische Maschinen weisen Drehzahlen bis zu 6000 U/min auf, was die Spitzengeschwindigkeit von elektrisch betriebenen Fahrzeugen ohne Getriebeübersetzung limitiert. Neuere Generationen von elektrischen Motoren lassen sich dagegen mit Drehzahlen weit über 10000 U/min betrieben, die Getriebe dafür mit starren Übersetzungsverhältnissen erfordern allerdings technisch aufwendige Lager, welche sowohl Radial- als auch Axialbelastungen bei hohen Drehzahlen aufnehmen können. Antriebseinheiten mit derartig schnelldrehenden elektrischen Maschinen sind relativ aufwendig, teuer und benötigen relativ viel Bauraum. Electric drive units for vehicles are required to produce high torque levels at low speeds, but this requires large and heavy battery packs to provide the necessary amperage. Conventional electric machines have speeds up to 6000 rpm, which limits the top speed of electrically powered vehicles without gear ratio. By contrast, newer generations of electric motors can be operated at speeds well above 10,000 rpm, but the gearboxes with rigid transmission ratios require technically complex bearings which can absorb both radial and axial loads at high speeds. Drive units with such fast-rotating electrical machines are relatively expensive, expensive and require a relatively large amount of space.
Es besteht somit der Bedarf nach einer kompakten und kostengünstigen elektrischen Antriebseinheit mit einem Getriebe mit mindestens zwei Getriebeübersetzungen. There is thus a need for a compact and inexpensive electric drive unit with a transmission with at least two gear ratios.
Die DE 10 2009 041 085 AI offenbart ein Automatikgetriebe für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem ersten Planetengetrieberadsatz und mit einem zweiten Planetengetrieberadsatz und mit mindestens einem Schaltelement, wobei die beiden Planetengetrieberadsätze jeweils ein Hohlrad, mindestens ein Planetenrad und ein Sonnenrad aufweisen. Die Hohlräder der Planetengetrieberadsätze sind über jeweils eine Bremseinrichtung fixierbar. Das Planetenrad des ersten Planetengetrieberadsatzes und das Planetenrad des zweiten Planetengetrieberadsatzes kann über eine Kupplung verbunden werden. Antriebseinheiten mit zumindest einer elektrischen Maschine und zwei Planetengetriebesätzen sind weiters aus den Veröffentlichungen DE 10 2010 031 744 AI, DE 10 2010 031 746 AI, DE 10 2010 031 747 AI und DE 10 2010 032 256 AI bekannt. DE 10 2009 041 085 AI discloses an automatic transmission for a motor vehicle having a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set and at least one switching element, wherein the two Planetengetrieberadsätze each having a ring gear, at least one planetary gear and a sun gear. The ring gears of the Planetengetrieberadsätze can be fixed via a respective braking device. The planetary gear of the first planetary gear set and the planetary gear of the second planetary gear set can be connected via a clutch. Drive units with at least one electric machine and two planetary gear sets are further known from the publications DE 10 2010 031 744 AI, DE 10 2010 031 746 AI, DE 10 2010 031 747 AI and DE 10 2010 032 256 AI.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine kompakte und raumsparende Antriebseinheit zu entwickeln, mit welcher mindestens zwei verschiedene Übersetzungsverhältnisse möglich sind und welche wenig Bauteile aufweist. The object of the invention is to develop a compact and space-saving drive unit with which at least two different gear ratios are possible and which has few components.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass das zweite Sonnenrad des zweiten Planetengetriebesatzes mit einer Abtriebswelle verbunden ist und dass zumindest ein erstes Planetenrad des ersten Planetengetriebesatzes - vorzugsweise starr - mit einem zweiten Planetenrad des zweiten Planetengetriebesatzes drehverbunden ist. According to the invention this is achieved in that the second sun gear of the second planetary gear set is connected to an output shaft and that at least a first planetary gear of the first planetary gear set - preferably rigidly - is rotatably connected to a second planetary gear of the second planetary gear set.
Dadurch, dass die Abtriebswelle der elektrischen Maschine auf das erste Sonnenrad einwirkt, brauchen im Wesentlichen nur axiale Kräfte durch die Lager aufgenommen werden. Somit können auch elektrische Maschinen mit hoher Drehzahl, beispielsweise über 10000 U/min, eingesetzt werden. Due to the fact that the output shaft of the electric machine acts on the first sun gear, essentially only axial forces need to be absorbed by the bearings. Thus, electrical machines with high speed, for example, over 10,000 rev / min, can be used.
Dabei kann das erste Hohlrad des ersten Planetengetrieberadsatzes über eine erste Bremseinrichtung und/oder das zweite Hohlrad des zweiten Planetengetrieberadsatzes über eine zweite Bremseinrichtung festhaltbar sein. Dadurch können eine erste und eventuell auch eine zweite Getriebeübersetzung verwirklicht werden. In this case, the first ring gear of the first Planetengetrieberadsatzes via a first brake device and / or the second ring gear of the second Planetengetrieberadsatzes via a second braking device be held. As a result, a first and possibly also a second gear ratio can be realized.
Weiters kann vorgesehen sein, dass der gemeinsame Planetenträger des ersten und zweiten Planetengetriebesatzes über eine dritte Bremseinrichtung festhaltbar ist. Dadurch können zwei oder drei Getriebeübersetzungen realisiert werden. Bei zwei schaltbaren Getriebeübersetzungsstufen wird vorteilhafterweise entweder die erste oder die zweite Bremseinrichtung in Kombination mit der dritten Bremseinrichtung verbaut. Werden drei schaltbare Übersetzungsstufen gewünscht, so werden die erste, zweite und dritte Bremseinrichtung verbaut. Furthermore, it can be provided that the common planet carrier of the first and second planetary gear set is firmly held by a third braking device. As a result, two or three gear ratios can be realized. In the case of two shiftable gear ratios, either the first or the second brake device is advantageously installed in combination with the third brake device. If three shiftable gear ratios are desired, the first, second and third brake devices are installed.
In weiterer Ausführung der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass das erste Hohlrad und das erste Sonnenrad über eine schaltbare Kupplung miteinander fest drehverbindbar sind . Dadurch lässt sich - in Kombination mit den drei Bremseinrichtungen - eine vierte schaltbare Übersetzungsstufe verwirklichen. In a further embodiment of the invention can be provided that the first ring gear and the first sun gear via a switchable coupling with each other are firmly rotatably connected. This makes it possible - in combination with the three braking devices - realize a fourth shiftable translation stage.
Um auf einfache Weise eine praktikable Getriebespreizung und harmonische Getriebeübersetzungen zu ermöglichen, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die beiden Planetengetriebesätze unterschiedliche Übersetzungsverhältnisse aufweisen. Das Drehzahlverhältnis der Planetengetrieberadsätze ergibt sich aus der Spitzendrehzahl der elektrischen Maschine und den Fahrzeugcharakteristiken. In order to enable a practical transmission spread and harmonic gear ratios in a simple manner, it is advantageous if the two planetary gear sets have different gear ratios. The speed ratio of the planetary gear sets results from the peak speed of the electric machine and the vehicle characteristics.
Unterschiedliche Getriebeübersetzungen im Antriebsstrang sind notwendig, um sowohl ein optimales Beschleunigungsverhalten, als auch ein optimales Verhalten bei Spitzengeschwindigkeiten zu realisieren. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass durch Verwendung von mehreren schaltbaren Getriebeübersetzungen die Größe der elektrischen Maschine und der Motorsteuerung klein gehalten werden kann. Weiters kann die Motordrehzahl bei hohen Fahrgeschwindigkeiten des Fahrzeuges reduziert werden, wodurch sich der Wirkungsgrad und das Geräuschverhalten verbessern lassen. Different transmission ratios in the drive train are necessary in order to realize both optimal acceleration behavior and optimal behavior at top speeds. In addition, there is the advantage that the size of the electric machine and the motor control can be kept small by using multiple switchable gear ratios. Furthermore, the engine speed can be reduced at high speeds of the vehicle, which can improve the efficiency and the noise behavior.
Durch Einsatz von zwei bis drei Bremseinrichtungen lassen sich zwei bis drei Getriebestufen ohne Verwendung rotierender Kupplungen realisieren. Dadurch vereinfacht sich die hydraulische Abdichtung bei hydraulischer Betätigung . Außerdem werden Reibungsverluste vermieden. By using two to three braking devices, two to three gear stages can be realized without the use of rotating couplings. This simplifies the hydraulic seal with hydraulic actuation. In addition, friction losses are avoided.
Durch Verwendung der Kupplung zwischen erstem Sonnenrad und Hohlrad kann auch eine vierte Getriebestufe (l : l-Direkttrieb) für hohe Fahrgeschwindigkeiten realisiert werden. Dabei ist der erste Planetengetrieberadsatz gesperrt, wobei die Bremseinrichtungen geöffnet sind. Als Kupplung kann eine Lamellenkupplung, eine Klauenkupplung oder ein Synchronringsystem verwendet werden. By using the coupling between the first sun gear and the ring gear, a fourth gear stage (1: 1 direct drive) can also be realized for high driving speeds. In this case, the first planetary gear set is locked, the braking devices are open. As a clutch, a multi-plate clutch, a dog clutch or a synchronizer ring system can be used.
Die Vielfalt an Gangstufen ermöglicht einen hohen Rekuperationswirkungsgrad während des Bremsbetriebes, da die elektrische Maschine auch bei abnehmender Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit bei hohen Drehzahlen gehalten werden kann. Dies verbessert den Gesamtwirkungsgrad wesentlich und erhöht die Reichweite des Fahrzeugs. The variety of gear ratios enables a high Rekuperationswirkungsgrad during braking operation, since the electric machine can be maintained even at decreasing vehicle speed at high speeds. This significantly improves the overall efficiency and increases the range of the vehicle.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen : The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. Show it :
Fig. 1 schematisch einen erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsstrang; Fig. 1 shows schematically a drive train according to the invention;
Fig. 2 den Antriebsstrang in einer ersten Ausführungsvariante; und 2 shows the drive train in a first embodiment; and
Fig. 3 den Antriebsstrang in einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante. Fig. 3 shows the drive train in a second embodiment.
Der Antriebsstrang 1 für ein elektrisch betriebenes Fahrzeug weist eine elektrische Maschine 2 auf, deren Treibwelle 3 über ein Getriebe 4 auf eine Abtriebswelle 5 zum Antrieb des Fahrzeuges einwirkt. Das Getriebe 4 weist einen ersten Planetenradsatz 10 mit einem ersten Sonnenrad 11, einem ersten Hohlrad 12 und zumindest einem ersten Planetenrad 13 auf, welches mit dem ersten Sonnenrad 11 und dem ersten Hohlrad 12 im Zahneingriff steht. Der zweite Planetengetrieberadsatz 20 weist ein zweites Sonnenrad 21, ein zweites Hohlrad 22 und zumindest ein zweites Planetenrad 23 auf, welches mit dem zweiten Sonnenrad 21 und dem zweiten Hohlrad 22 im Zahneingriff steht. The drive train 1 for an electrically operated vehicle has an electric machine 2, whose drive shaft 3 acts via a gear 4 on an output shaft 5 for driving the vehicle. The transmission 4 has a first planetary gear set 10 with a first sun gear 11, a first ring gear 12 and at least one first planet gear 13, which is in meshing engagement with the first sun gear 11 and the first ring gear 12. The second Planetengetrieberadsatz 20 has a second sun gear 21, a second ring gear 22 and at least a second planetary gear 23, which is in meshing engagement with the second sun gear 21 and the second ring gear 22.
Das erste Planetenrad 13 und das zweite Planetenrad 23 sind miteinander drehverbunden und auf einem gemeinsamen Planetenradträger 6 drehbar gelagert. The first planetary gear 13 and the second planetary gear 23 are rotatably connected to each other and rotatably supported on a common planet carrier 6.
Das erste Hohlrad 12 kann über eine erste Bremseinrichtung 14, das zweite Hohlrad 22 über eine zweite Bremseinrichtung 24 festgehalten werden. Weiters kann der Planetenradträger 6 über eine dritte Bremseinrichtung 34 festgehalten werden. Durch wechselweise Betätigung einer der Bremseinrichtungen 14, 24, 34 und Deaktivierung der beiden anderen Bremseinrichtungen, lassen sich drei Gangstufen Gl, G2, G3 mit verschiedenen Drehzahlverhältnissen realisieren. The first ring gear 12 may be retained via a first brake device 14, the second ring gear 22 via a second brake device 24. Furthermore, the planet carrier 6 can be held by a third braking device 34. By alternately operating one of the brake devices 14, 24, 34 and deactivating the two other brake devices, three gear stages G1, G2, G3 can be realized with different speed ratios.
Eine weitere Gangstufe G4 kann verwirklicht werden, wenn das erste Sonnenrad 11 bzw. die Treibwelle 3 der elektrischen Maschine 2 über eine Kupplung 44 mit dem ersten Hohlrad 12 fest verbindbar ist, wodurch der erste Planetengetrieberadsatz 10 gesperrt wird . Auf diese Weise lässt sich ein direkter Durchtrieb mit dem Drehzahlverhältnis 1 : 1 zwischen der Treibwelle 3 und der Abtriebswelle 5 erreichen. Another gear G4 can be realized when the first sun gear 11 and the drive shaft 3 of the electric machine 2 via a clutch 44 with the first ring gear 12 is firmly connected, whereby the first planetary gear 10 is locked. In this way, a direct drive with the speed ratio 1: 1 between the drive shaft 3 and the output shaft 5 can be achieved.
Die Übersetzungsverhältnisse des ersten, zweiten und dritten Ganges Gl, G2, G3 hängen jeweils von den auslegungsbedingten Übersetzungsverhältnissen des ersten Planetengetrieberadsatzes 10 und des zweiten Planetengetrieberadsatzes 20 ab, welche unterschiedlich sind . Zum Schalten des ersten Ganges Gl wird die erste Bremseinrichtung 14 aktiviert und die beiden anderen Bremseinrichtungen 24 und 34, sowie die Kupplung 44 deaktiviert. Zum Schalten des zweiten Ganges G2 wird die zweite Bremseinrichtung 24 aktiviert und die beiden anderen Bremseinrichtungen 14 und 34, sowie die Kupplung 44 deaktiviert. Zum Schalten des dritten Ganges G3 wird die dritte Bremseinrichtung 34 aktiviert und die beiden anderen Bremseinrichtungen 14 und 24, sowie die Kupplung 44 deaktiviert. In der vierten Gangstufe G4 wird nur die Kupplung 44 aktiviert und die Bremseinrichtungen 14, 24 und 34 deaktiviert. The gear ratios of the first, second and third gears Gl, G2, G3 depend on the design-related gear ratios of the first planetary gear set 10 and the second planetary gear set 20, respectively, which are different. For switching the first gear G1, the first brake device 14 is activated and the two other brake devices 24 and 34 and the clutch 44 are deactivated. For switching the second gear G2, the second brake device 24 is activated and the other two brake devices 14 and 34, and the clutch 44 is deactivated. For switching the third gear G3, the third brake device 34 is activated and the other two brake devices 14 and 24, and the clutch 44 is deactivated. In the fourth gear G4 only the clutch 44 is activated and the brake devices 14, 24 and 34 are deactivated.
Die Bremseinrichtungen 14, 24, 34, sowie die Kupplung 44 können als Lamellenkupplungen, Klauenkupplung oder Synchronkupplungen ausgebildet sein und hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder elektrisch betätigt werden. The braking devices 14, 24, 34, and the clutch 44 may be formed as multi-plate clutches, dog clutch or synchronizer clutches and hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically operated.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines im Bereich einer Antriebsachse des Fahrzeuges angeordneten Antriebsstranges 1, wobei in das Getriebe 4 ein Differenzial 7 integriert ist. Dargestellt ist eine Ausführung mit drei Gängen Gl, G2, G3, welche über erste, zweite und dritte Bremseinrichtungen 14, 24, 34 geschalten werden kann. Das Getriebe 4 kann auch mit lediglich zwei Gängen aus- geführt sein, wobei eine der beiden Bremseinrichtungen 14, 24 samt entsprechendem Hohlrad 12, 22 weggelassen werden kann. 2 shows a first embodiment variant of a drive train 1 arranged in the region of a drive axle of the vehicle, wherein a differential 7 is integrated into the transmission 4. Shown is an embodiment with three gears Gl, G2, G3, which can be connected via first, second and third brake devices 14, 24, 34. The transmission 4 can also be equipped with only two gears. be guided, with one of the two brake devices 14, 24 together with the corresponding ring gear 12, 22 can be omitted.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine ähnliche Ausführung wie Fig . 2, wobei das Getriebe 4 räumlich vom Differenzial getrennt ist. Fig. 3 shows a similar embodiment as Fig. 2, wherein the transmission 4 is spatially separated from the differential.
Mit Bezugszeichen 8 sind Lager für die Abtriebswelle 5 bezeichnet. By reference numeral 8 bearings for the output shaft 5 are designated.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT503372012A AT512942B1 (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2012-08-24 | drive unit |
| ATA50337/2012 | 2012-08-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2014029650A1 true WO2014029650A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2013/066803 Ceased WO2014029650A1 (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2013-08-12 | Drive unit |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT512942B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014029650A1 (en) |
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| CN105546073A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-05-04 | 吉林大学 | Electric drive system based on two-stage planetary line two-shift transmission |
| CN105539130A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-05-04 | 吉林大学 | Electric driving axle based on single planet row |
| WO2016083119A1 (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Coupling assembly and transmission assembly |
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| DE102016221177A1 (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-03 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | planetary gear |
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| JP2021525349A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-09-24 | ロベルト・ボッシュ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングRobert Bosch Gmbh | Power-shiftable multi-speed transmission |
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| DE102020211067A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electric propulsion, powertrain and method |
| DE102020211080A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electric drive for a vehicle, drive train and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT512942A4 (en) | 2013-12-15 |
| AT512942B1 (en) | 2013-12-15 |
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