Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
  • B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
  • B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the production of a fuselage shell component for an aircraft, and more particularly to the manner of assembling it in such a way as to manufacture a fuselage shell component for an aircraft Frames on a skin field.
• the invention further relates to a mounting device which is suitable for carrying out the method.
• the hull of an aircraft represents the connection between carrying and controlling aircraft surfaces and takes in its interior the payload such. Crew, passengers and cargo.
• the hull In the industrial production of larger aircraft, the hull is usually composed of individual sections, which in turn are assembled from individual hull shell components. To produce a section of the fuselage, it may be sufficient to mount two half-shell fuselage shell components to form a section. For larger sections, a so-called four-part division is often carried out, in which the relevant section is assembled from two side shells, an upper shell and a lower shell.
• a fuselage shell component has as basic elements a so-called skin panel (eg preformed large panel), which forms the later outer skin or planking of the aircraft, and a stiffening structure attached to the inside of the skin panel.
• skin panel eg preformed large panel
• stiffening structure attached to the inside of the skin panel.
• the stiffening structure typically comprises longitudinally extending "struts” and transversely extending "frames", which in the
• the finished fuselage shell component then has a force-transmitting connection between the skin panel, the stringers and the frames.
• a prefabricated skin field usually passes through a multiplicity of assembly or processing stations in order to "upgrade" the skin field gradually with the additional components required in the individual case, in particular the stringers and frames mentioned, ie these components on the skin panel to assemble.
• mounting or “mounting” used in this application comprises both a temporary fixing of components and their final fastening.
• a temporary fixation z. B. so-called staple rivets are used, which are replaced at a later date in the course of the manufacturing process by so-called original rivets to provide the final attachment of the components.
• integral frames In the so-called integral construction of a fuselage shell component eliminates the need to install the clips or push combs. Instead of conventional frames or differential frames, so-called “integral frames” are used. These integral frames have feet that are riveted (riveted) to the skin panel during manufacture of the fuselage shell component. So that the integral bulkhead does not rest on the stringers, it has so-called “mouseholes”, ie recesses for the passage of the stringer in the longitudinal direction. Even with the integral construction, support brackets (cleats) can be used, which each form a connection between one of the stringer and the integral bulkhead.
• the invention particularly relates to fuselage shell components in differential construction.
• this object is achieved in particular insofar as the skin panel in an assembly station, hereinafter also referred to as "clip / frame upgrade station” is arranged and in this assembly station a combined assembly of frames and clips is done.
• the ribs are preferably first brought to desired position and then first the clips with the skin panel and then connected the rib with the clips.
• the method according to the invention has the advantage that a separate working and clocking process, namely a downstream upgrading of frames - as known from the prior art and practiced for years - is eliminated.
• the assembly station (clip / frame upgrade station) has an outer stage with a
• the inner stage is aligned relative to the outer stage relative to the outer stage after an upgrade of the outer stage with the brought in target contour skin field and the inner stage with the frames held thereon Frames are arranged in their desired position relative to the skin panel, and then the clips are manually installed to provide the connection between the skin panel and the ribs. Using this method, component stresses are virtually eliminated due to relative mispositioning of clips to frames.
• the inventive method requires no two separate assembly stations, namely on the one hand for a clip assembly and on the other hand for a frame mounting. Compared to the latter procedure, the space-saving stations themselves as well as the space requirement of these and the pertinent buffer spaces thus no longer apply.
• Another advantage is the prefabrication of the component parts, such as the elimination of the mounting holes in the frames. These were introduced in the prefabrication to align the frame in a non-inventive method on the clip. This reduces the sources of error in production.
• both the riveting of the clips with the skin panel and the riveting of the frames with the clips can be performed. This has a positive effect on the throughput time in the production process of the fuselage shell.
• the upgrading of the inner stage with the ribs and / or the installation of the clips takes place manually.
• both the upgrading of the inner stage with the chips and the installation of the clips are carried out manually.
• An advantage of a manual operation is that when upgrading or installation can be done directly a human optical and haptic control of the correct positioning of the ribs or clips.
• fastening devices provided on the inner platform are used for carrying clamping units for frame and clip mounting. With such fasteners, such as quick releases, arranged on the inner stage clips can be mounted together with the also upgraded to the inner stage frames on the skin panel.
• bore bushes provided on the fastening devices are used for introducing holes into the clips and the bores are used for referencing downstream riveting processes.
• the position of a so-called D-bore is detected by the riveting and used as a starting position (reference point) for further riveting.
• the clips that are initially prefixed only by means of the bond can be definitively fixed on the skin by additional riveting.
• the first only provisional riveting of the clips on the frames in a separate processing station can be replaced by a final riveting of the clips on the frames, z.
• rivet rivets eg blind rivet or "popniet”
• original rivets eg solid rivet, "hip-lok", “hi-lite”
• the present invention also provides an advantageous method for producing a fuselage shell component for an aircraft, comprising the following steps:
• the invention also relates to a bulkhead receiving system for holding and positioning at least one bulkhead in an arcuate desired attitude relative to a skin panel, comprising at least one carrier and at least three support arms transversely extending on one side of the carrier with attachment means for direct or indirect holding at the ends thereof of the frame.
• direct holding it is meant that the fastening device itself is designed to be held.
• indirect holding it is meant that a separate holding device (e.g., a clamping device or quick release) is mounted on the attachment means by which the frames can be held.
• An inventive Spantabilitysystem makes it possible to keep one or more frames from one side in a desired position to bring this relative to a skin field in desired position and to connect with this, in particular via known clips.
• channels extending in the region of the ends of at least one carrier perpendicular to the direction of extension of the carrier are designed for holding and transporting a skin field in these channels.
• a frame receiving system comprises a plurality of carriers, in particular so many carriers (with holding arms arranged thereon), such as ribs to be mounted on a skin panel, since in this case several chips can be brought into desired position and thus the cycle time for the assembly of all frames on a skin panel can be shortened.
• the invention also relates to an assembly station for the combined assembly of frames and clips on a skin panel, comprising: a) a device for positioning a skin field brought into a desired contour; and b) a frame receiving system for holding and positioning at least one frame relative to the skin panel, that clips for connecting
• Skin field and frame relative to the skin and the frame can be arranged and preassembled.
• the device for positioning a skin panel brought into a desired contour is an outer stage with a contour-forming receiving system for the skin panel.
• the device for holding and positioning at least one rib is an internal platform with a receiving system for the ribs.
• the inner stage preferably has fastening devices for carrying clamping units for frame and clip mounting.
• FIG. 1 shows a clip-Avemrüststation for use in a non-inventive method for producing a fuselage shell component for an aircraft
• Fig. 2 is a flow chart illustrating an inventive
• FIG. 3 shows a clip frame used in the method according to FIG.
• Fig. 4 is a representation corresponding to FIG. 3 at a later time of the combined clip / frame upgrade
• Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a provided at the clip / Spant-Avemrüststation of Fig. 3 receiving system for frames.
• FIG. 1 shows a "clip upgrade station" 1 as an example of an assembly station which may be used in conjunction with other assembly stations (not shown) and / or processing stations in conventional manufacture of a fuselage shell component for an aircraft.
• the illustrated clip-Avemrüststation 1 has already been used by the applicant in a conventional manufacturing concept for producing a fuselage shell component.
• a skin panel already provided with stringers passes through a plurality of assembly or processing stations, at which particular assembly or processing steps are performed to gradually fill the stringed skin panel with the other components required for the respective hull shell component upgrade.
• the first clip-Avemrüststation 1 is used, which is mainly used for the assembly of clips and pushrods.
• the clip-Avemrüststation 1 also the introduction of holes in the clips, by means of which the later mounted frames are aligned with respect to the clips.
• the clip-Avemrüststation 1 comprises an outer stage 2 with a konturbineden receiving system 3 for the delivered by means of a crane harness 4 for clip-Avemrüststation 1 skin panel 5 and an inner stage 6 with a recording system 7 for the clips.
• the workflow at the clip refurbishment station 1 is provided as follows:
• the skin panel 5 is first moved up to and placed on the receiving system 3 formed by contour signs or outboard boards.
• the skin panel 5 is sucked by means of a vacuum technique of the outboard in its nominal and thus assembly contour.
• the clips to be mounted and shear combs are supplied to the clip on set-up station 1, which are prepared in the following operation for mounting.
• joining surfaces are prepared by means of an activator on a gluing process.
• the inner platform 6 is moved up to the outer stage 2, which has been upgraded with the skin panel 5, so that the receiving system 7 arrives in the correct position with respect to the skin panel 5 for mounting the clips (here: temporary fixation by means of adhesive bonding).
• the clips are then set manually and positioned by abutment surfaces (contour shield, stringer and skin panel 5) and fixed with clamping devices provided on the receiving system 7 for the clips in all three spatial directions.
• the arrangement of the skin panel 5 in vertical position shown in Fig. 1 is particularly favorable to realize the manual setting of the clips. There is a good accessibility for workers who are allowed to work while standing. Under this ergonomic point of view, the indoor platform 6 is expediently provided with a lifting platform 8. According to another known from the prior art approach, the skin panel is aligned in horizontal position.
• the skin panel 5 provided with stringers forms the starting component
• This first assembly process provides for a manual clip upgrade to the skin panel 5.
• the overall process for producing the fuselage shell component according to the classical production concept comprises the following steps:
• FIG. 2 shows a flowchart for illustrating an embodiment of the simplified manufacturing method.
• fabrication comprises the following steps: Step S1: Combined upgrade of a skin panel with frames and clips in a clip / frame upgrade station;
• Step S2 Transfer of the skin panel upgraded with the clip and the frames from the clip / frame upgrade station to a flat riveting installation
• Step S3 surface riveting of the skin panel upgraded with the clips and the ribs in the flat riveting plant
• Step S4 Transfer of the riveted skin panel from the flat rivet attachments to a clip / frame riveting installation
• Step S5 Clip / frame riveting of the previously area-riveted skin panel in the clip / frame riveting installation
• Step S6 Transfer of the skin panel to a residual workstation to make residual work on the fuselage shell component.
• ClipMontage and on the other hand required for a frame mounting thus also eliminates the transfer of the skin field from a clip-Avemrüststation to a bulk-up station.
• the rib is arranged in the desired position on the interior platform of the station by means of the fastening system and for this purpose the skin panel is arranged in a desired position relative to the ribs and in this assembly station a combined assembly of the ribs Frames and clips.
• Figures 3 and 4 illustrate one embodiment of a clip / frame upgrade station 10 to be used in step S1.
• the assembly station 10 for the combined assembly of frames 22 and clips on a skin panel 16 comprises: a) a device 14 for positioning a target contour and, b) means for holding and positioning at least one bulkhead 22 relative to the skin panel 16 such that clips and shear combs for bonding the skin panel 16 and bulkhead 22 relative to the skin panel 22 and bulkhead 22 are disposable and preassemblable.
• door and gate frame units (modular units consisting of several frames) in the interior stage 18 of the clip / frame mounting station 10.
• the assembly station 10 has an outer stage 12 with a contouring receiving system 14 for a skin panel 16 and a movable relative to the outer stage inner stage 18 with a receiving system 20 for the frames 22.
• FIG. 3 the outer stage 12 is upgraded with the skin panel 16 and the indoor platform 18 is upgraded with the required number of frames 22.
• a crane device (not shown) may be used to bring the skin panel 16 and the frames 22 into their positions on the receiving systems 14 and 20, respectively (in the figures, only a bulkhead 22 is shown for the sake of simplicity).
• the inner stage 18 is aligned relative to the outer stage 12 (here, the inner stage 18 is moved to the outer stage 12) that the frames 22 be brought into their desired position with respect to the skin panel 16. This situation is shown in FIG.
• FIG. 5 again enlarges the receiving system 20 for the frames 22 provided on the inner platform 18.
• the upgrading of the inner platform 18 with the ribs 22 and the installation of the clips is done manually.
• the inner platform 18 preferably also has fastening devices 28 for carrying clamping units for frame and clip assembly.
• the fastening devices 28 may have bore bushings for introducing holes into the clips, by means of which a referencing of the riveting systems can take place.
• the clip / bulkhead mounting station 10 is used to provide a pre-fixation of the clips on the skin panel 16, in particular a bond, and a riveting of the clips on the frames 22.
• the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but can be varied within the scope of the claims and in consideration of the knowledge of the skilled person.
• the starting component at the beginning of assembly is a skin panel with stringers.
• the first assembly process mainly involves upgrading the clips.
• a manual manufacturing process in the clip upgrade station is considered relevant in the prior art.
• the clip / upgrade station is the only station in the manufacturing chain that provides station construction in the vertical position of the skin area. All other manufacturing sections of the assembly provide a horizontal position for the further assembly procedures.
• the component (skin panel), except at the clip / upgrade station passes through all the production stations in a component carrier system.
• an additional station is required after the clip upgrade station. In this station, the skin field is taken into the beam and turned into the horizontal position. Beams are the recording of the component carrier in which the component passes through all subsequent production processes.
• the component located in the horizontal position is clocked into the flat riveting system by means of a transfer car between the stations.
• the "clip-to-skin riveting" performed. If an upgrade of door and door frame units or individual frames for contour preservation has also taken place in the clip upgrade station, these will also be riveted out in this process. Subsequently, the transfer car clocks the component out of the flat riveting system into the frame upgrade station. In this station, the remaining frames are upgraded. The next section of the production chain is the clip / frame riveting system into which the component is clocked. This is followed by the remainder of the workstation, through which the component finally reaches the surface protection.
• the manufacturing concept shown above is constructed in a circle for clarification purposes. This should represent the process in the production and not the arrangement of the stations and facilities. In addition, the buffer spaces that are located between the stations have been neglected in the upper illustration. These have no influence on the invention and are themselves not affected or impaired.
• the invention pursues the basic idea of a combination of the clip and frame upgrade station.
• a new, combined upgrade station according to the invention is required, which integrates the Spantaufrüstung in the clip upgrade station.
• This combination of setup stations already enables the use of beams (component carriers) in this production process. The component goes through all other manufacturing processes in these beams. It is then also possible to use the function of
• the new manufacturing concept is created by a combination of the two upgrade stations, whereby it is necessary to integrate the payload upgrade into the clip upgrade station. A separate Spantaufrüststation is then no longer required. Since the frames can already be taken up and upgraded in the beams in this process, the component can already be used in this production process, i. after the combined clip and frame assembly according to the invention, into which the component carrier system required for all further processes is introduced. Turning the component into the horizontal position can, if desired, be carried out with a transfer car. Such a rotation process during the cycle process would also make the need for an additional turning station void.
• the invention can be implemented in particular as follows:
• the skin panel After passing through the combined upgrade station, the skin panel can be clocked into the flat riveting system with the upgraded clips, frames, and door and gate frames.
• the clock processes are taken over by the transfer car.
• the skin riveting is carried out.
• the skin panel is clocked after the foundednnietung directly into the frame / clip riveting.
• the component is again clocked by means of a transfer car into the remaining workstation.
• This manufacturing concept requires an extension of the claim to the upgrade station and to the transfer car.
• the manufacturing concept also provides a clear technical advantage in the area of component rotation from the vertical position to the horizontal position.
• the concept for this process requires the removal of the shell from the clip upgrade station by means of a suspension crane. This type of jolting of a component with such dimensions (up to 18m) hides risks. In particular, sufficient stability for the turning process must be ensured.
• the technical changes or enhancements required for the realization mainly concern the clip upgrade station and the transfer car.
• the suggested solution below refers to changing the clip upgrade station.
• the layout of the vertical station with a lifting platform is taken over by a manual production station.
• the decisive change of the station refers to the previous contour bord.
• the origin of the contour bord is mainly based on the contouring of the skin.
• the conventional contour rims are replaced by a beam receiving system (Beams) and mounting unit.
• Beams beam receiving system
• the contour rims no longer reproduce the former, but instead the frames to be mounted later are already being upgraded and installed in this production process.
• Secondary functions of the contour book such as wearing the clip-mounting clamps and the D-bore bushings, are handled by a mounting unit.
• the principle of production envisages manual assembly of the components. After the station setup the inner stage becomes
• the station with the recorded frames, moved up to the outer stage with the skin field brought in nominal contour.
• the skin field and the rib are thus in target position.
• the clips which create the connection between the skin panel and frame, installed.
• the clips are glued to the skin panel and fixed to the frames by means of staple rivets.
• An upgrade of the door and door frame units can, as already planned, be completed in this station.
• the component is clocked off laterally using the transfer car. The claim to the transfer car is therefore higher than before, but this would have the advantage that there is no need for another turning station.
• the product of the station is the fuselage shell with clips and ribs, which has already been picked up in beams.
• a combination of the two upgrade stations is made possible by a frame pick-up system.
• the integration of the Spantaufrüstung takes place by the inclusion of the Spantes at two points in the Beams.
• the Spantabilitysystem which is movable in the Z direction, fixed the bulkhead and at the same time carries the clamps for clip assembly. Starting from the known from the prior art upgrade station allows this inner component a narrower station structure.
• the number of mounting points for the bulkhead, on the internal component of the bulkhead system, is expandable if necessary and here they are listed with only three positions.
• the rigidity of the CFRP material is helpful in this regard.
• the Spantabilitysystem described is merely illustrative of the invention. It may be varied in the light of specialist knowledge, taking account of specific needs, without thereby abandoning the scope of protection of the claims defining the patent protection.

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• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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• 2012
  • 2012-08-09 DE DE102012015666.9A patent/DE102012015666A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2013
  • 2013-08-06 WO PCT/DE2013/000443 patent/WO2014023284A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2013-08-06 EP EP13785339.6A patent/EP2882648A2/fr not_active Withdrawn

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