WO2014010448A1 - 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、ならびに該正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、ならびに該正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014010448A1 WO2014010448A1 PCT/JP2013/067990 JP2013067990W WO2014010448A1 WO 2014010448 A1 WO2014010448 A1 WO 2014010448A1 JP 2013067990 W JP2013067990 W JP 2013067990W WO 2014010448 A1 WO2014010448 A1 WO 2014010448A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- lithium
- electrode active
- active material
- electrolyte secondary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/42—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type (MnO2)n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2 or Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/40—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element
- C01G53/66—Complex oxides containing nickel and at least one other metal element containing alkaline earth metals, e.g. SrNiO3 or SrNiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G53/00—Compounds of nickel
- C01G53/80—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing one or more other elements
- C01G53/82—Compounds containing nickel, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the positive electrode active material.
- lithium ion secondary battery As such a secondary battery, materials capable of detaching and inserting lithium are used.
- the battery has been put into practical use.
- lithium cobalt composite oxide many developments have been made so far to obtain excellent initial capacity characteristics and cycle characteristics, and various results have already been obtained.
- the lithium cobalt composite oxide uses a rare and expensive cobalt compound as a raw material, it causes an increase in the cost of the battery. For this reason, it is desired to use materials other than the lithium cobalt composite oxide as the positive electrode active material.
- Newly proposed materials as positive electrode active materials for lithium ion secondary batteries include lithium manganese composite oxide (LiMn 2 O 4 ) using manganese, which is cheaper than cobalt, and lithium nickel composite oxide using nickel. (LiNiO 2 ).
- Lithium manganese composite oxide is an effective alternative to lithium cobalt composite oxide because it is inexpensive and has excellent thermal stability, in particular, safety with respect to ignition.
- the theoretical capacity is only about half that of the lithium cobalt composite oxide, it has a drawback that it is difficult to meet the demand for higher capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery that is increasing year by year.
- it has the fault that self-discharge is intense and a charge / discharge lifetime also falls.
- the lithium nickel composite oxide has almost the same theoretical capacity as the lithium cobalt composite oxide, and shows a slightly lower battery voltage than the lithium cobalt composite oxide. For this reason, decomposition
- a lithium-ion secondary battery is made using a lithium-nickel composite oxide composed solely of nickel as a positive electrode active material without replacing nickel with other elements, the cycle is higher than that of lithium-cobalt composite oxide. There is a problem that the characteristics are inferior. In addition, when used or stored in a high temperature environment, the battery performance is relatively easily lost.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 in order to maintain good battery performance during storage and use in a high temperature environment, a part of nickel in the lithium nickel composite oxide is added to boron or Lithium-containing composite oxides substituted with elements such as cobalt and aluminum have been proposed.
- aluminum is actually selected as the substitution element, for example, if the substitution amount from nickel to aluminum is increased, the decomposition reaction of the positive electrode active material can be suppressed, and thermal stability can be improved. It has been confirmed. It has also been confirmed that the cycle characteristics are improved by replacing a part of nickel with cobalt.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a positive electrode active material in which the nickel occupancy at the 3a site in the crystal structure is 1.5 to 2.9%.
- Patent Document 5 achieves higher capacity and higher output simultaneously by setting the lithium seat occupancy at the 3a site to 98.5% or more and the metal seat occupancy at the 3b site from 95 to 98%.
- a positive electrode active material that can be made is disclosed.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a positive electrode active material characterized in that the seat occupancy of lithium ions at the 3a site is 97% or more in the Rietveld analysis result by X-ray diffraction.
- the irreversible capacity is influenced by the lithium seat occupancy at the 3a site, and it is suggested that by improving the lithium seat occupancy, the initial charge / discharge capacity can be improved and the irreversible capacity can be reduced.
- the initial charge / discharge efficiency exceeding 90.0% has not been obtained, and the irreversible capacity in the initial charge / discharge of the lithium nickel composite oxide is still large, and it is difficult to exceed 90% in the initial charge / discharge efficiency. there were.
- batteries for vehicles such as electric vehicles (EV) and hybrid vehicles (HEV) combining two types of drive sources (gasoline engine and motor) not only have high capacity but also high output characteristics, that is, excellent It is also required to show the rate characteristics.
- EV electric vehicles
- HEV hybrid vehicles
- the first positive electrode active material having a large Ni content and a large average particle size, the second positive electrode active material having a small Ni content and a small average particle size, and the average particle size are mutually equal.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having different first conductive assistants and second conductive assistants and having excellent output characteristics is disclosed.
- the rate characteristics of the lithium nickel composite oxide itself have not been improved.
- the present inventor has found that the ratio of nickel and cobalt in the composition and the ratio of lithium to a metal element other than lithium are increased. It was found that the integrity of the structure was changed, and the irreversible capacity and the initial charge / discharge efficiency in the initial charge / discharge were also changed. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a lithium nickel composite oxide having a high crystal structure integrity by strictly controlling the composition ratio and setting the optimum firing conditions. Obtaining knowledge that the discharge efficiency can be greatly improved and the rate characteristics can be further improved, and the present invention has been completed.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention has a general formula: Li x Ni 1-yz Co y M z O 2 (0.98 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.04, 0.25 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.40, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.07, where M is at least one element selected from Al, Ti, Mn, Ga, Mg and Nb) and has a layered structure
- M is at least one element selected from Al, Ti, Mn, Ga, Mg and Nb
- the lithium occupancy of the lithium main layer obtained from the Rietveld analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern is 98.7% or more and is calculated from the peak on the (003) plane of the X-ray diffraction pattern.
- the crystallite diameter is 50 to 300 nm.
- the specific surface area is preferably 0.3 to 1.0 m 2 / g
- the primary particles constituting the positive electrode active material have an average particle size of 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m
- the primary particles Are formed to form secondary particles
- the shape of the secondary particles is preferably spherical or elliptical.
- the method for producing a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention includes adding an alkaline solution to a mixed aqueous solution containing at least a nickel salt and a cobalt salt, stirring them to cause coprecipitation, and a nickel composite containing at least cobalt.
- a coprecipitation step for obtaining a hydroxide a heat treatment step for obtaining a nickel composite oxide by heat-treating the obtained nickel composite hydroxide at a temperature of 450 to 750 ° C., and the resulting nickel composite oxide and lithium compound
- the nickel composite oxide and the lithium compound have an atomic ratio (Li / Me) of a total of metal elements (Me) in the nickel composite oxide and lithium (Li) in the lithium compound of 0.98 to 1 It is preferable to mix so that it may become 0.04, and it is preferable to use lithium hydroxide or its hydrate as this lithium compound.
- baking is preferably performed at a temperature of 735 to 820 ° C., and pre-baking is preferably performed at a temperature in the range of 450 to 800 ° C. and lower than the baking temperature before baking.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery provided by the present invention is characterized by comprising a positive electrode using the positive electrode active material.
- the present invention provides a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that has a high capacity, a low irreversible capacity, particularly excellent initial charge / discharge efficiency, and excellent rate characteristics.
- the positive electrode active material of the present invention is suitable as a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention as a positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous secondary battery, the initial charge / discharge efficiency of the secondary battery is high, the irreversible capacity is small, and the rate characteristics are further improved. An excellent secondary battery can be provided.
- Such a battery satisfies the recent demand for higher capacity for small secondary batteries such as portable electronic devices, and has high output characteristics required as a power source used for large secondary batteries for hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery capable of ensuring safety can be obtained, which is extremely useful industrially.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coin battery used for battery evaluation.
- FIG. 2 is a charge / discharge curve obtained in Example 1.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention has a general formula: Li x Ni 1-yz Co y M z O 2 (0.98 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.04, 0.25 ⁇ y ⁇ 0 .40, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.07, M is at least one element selected from Al, Ti, Mn, Ga, Mg and Nb) and has a layered structure A crystal composed of a nickel composite oxide, having a lithium seat occupancy of 98.7% or more obtained from a Rietveld analysis of an X-ray diffraction pattern, and calculated from a (003) plane peak in X-ray diffraction The child diameter is 50 to 300 nm.
- y indicating Co content is in the range of 0.25 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.40, and the lithium occupancy of the lithium main layer obtained from the Rietveld analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern Is 98.7% or more.
- the completeness of the crystal structure is improved, and a positive electrode active material capable of realizing excellent battery characteristics with low irreversible capacity and high initial charge / discharge efficiency is obtained.
- the completeness of the crystal structure can be examined using Rietveld analysis by X-ray diffraction (for example, RA Young, ed., “The Rietveld Method”, Oxford University Press (1992)).
- a hexagonal compound there are 3a, 3b, and 6c sites.
- the 3a site is lithium (Li)
- the 3b site is nickel (Ni)
- the 6c sites each have a site occupancy rate of 100% oxygen (O).
- a lithium nickel composite oxide having a lithium ion occupancy ratio of 3a site which is a lithium main layer, of 97% or more is excellent in crystal structure integrity.
- the present invention relates to an active material in which a part of Ni in a crystal structure is substituted with cobalt (Co) to improve irreversible capacity and initial charge / discharge efficiency.
- a part of Ni can be replaced with a metal element M (M is at least one element selected from Al, Ti, Mn, Ga, Mg, and Nb). Is improved.
- the charge / discharge reaction of the secondary battery proceeds by reversibly entering and leaving the lithium ions at the 3a site. Therefore, if other metal ions are mixed into the 3a site, which is the Li diffusion path in the solid phase, the crystal structure integrity is lowered and the diffusion path is obstructed, which may cause deterioration of the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery. . Therefore, as a result of repeated studies on positive electrode active materials synthesized by various methods, the present inventor has a deep relationship between the lithium site occupancy and the irreversible capacity at the 3a site obtained by Rietveld analysis of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern.
- Such a positive electrode active material having a high lithium site occupancy rate at the 3a site depends on the Co content ratio, and in the above general formula, y indicating the Co content rate is in the range of 0.25 or more. It was confirmed that the lithium seat occupancy at the 3a site can be increased to 98.7% or more.
- lithium nickel composite oxide is not high in crystal stability, if the nickel main layer, that is, the 3b site is composed only of nickel, the completeness of the crystal structure is reduced by charge / discharge and the irreversible capacity is increased. To do. For this reason, the stability of the crystal can be improved by adding Co to the lithium nickel composite oxide, the irreversible capacity can be reduced while maintaining the integrity of the crystal structure, and the charge / discharge efficiency can be improved.
- the crystal structure As described above, by adding Co and setting the lithium site occupancy of the 3a site to 98.7% or more, the crystal structure has sufficient integrity, and the integrity is stabilized. Thereby, the irreversible capacity
- the present inventor has found that the above crystal structure can be obtained by controlling x indicating the ratio of Li to a metal element other than Li (Li / Ni + Co + M) within a range of 0.98 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.04. It was found that a high charge / discharge capacity can be obtained while maintaining the integrity of the above.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention a method for producing the same, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the positive electrode active material will be described in detail.
- Positive electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a general formula: Li x Ni 1-yz Co y M z O 2 (0.98 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.04, 0.25 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.40, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.07, M is at least one element selected from Al, Ti, Mn, Ga, Mg, and Nb) It is made of a hexagonal lithium nickel composite oxide that is expressed and has a layered structure.
- x represents the ratio (Li / Ni + Co + M) between Li and a metal element other than Li.
- x Li in the lithium nickel composite oxide is insufficient, and metal elements other than Li mixed in the 3a site are increased, and the lithium seat occupation ratio of the 3a site is 98.7% or more. It can not be.
- x exceeds 1.04, the lithium seat occupancy can be made 98.7% or more, but the amount of Li mixed in the 3b site increases and contributes to the charge / discharge reaction. Therefore, the charge / discharge capacity is reduced.
- the Li entering the 3a site is sufficient, and the crystal structure integrity is secured. High charge / discharge capacity can be obtained by suppressing Li mixed in the 3b site.
- y indicating the Co content it is necessary to set y indicating the Co content to be 0.25 or more. If y is less than 0.25, the completeness and stabilization of the crystal structure cannot be made sufficient. On the other hand, if y exceeds 0.40, too much Ni is substituted by Co, and sufficient battery capacity cannot be obtained when used as a positive electrode active material.
- y By setting the range of y to 0.25 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.40, preferably 0.25 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.35, high initial charge / discharge efficiency and high battery capacity due to the completeness and stabilization of the crystal structure Balance can be ensured.
- the irreversible capacity and initial charge / discharge efficiency can be greatly improved and a high charge / discharge capacity can be obtained.
- the metal element M is at least one element selected from Al, Ti, Mn, Ga, Mg, and Nb, and is optionally added to improve thermal stability, storage characteristics, and battery characteristics. can do. Among these, Al, Ti, Mn, and Mg are preferable. When a large amount of the metal element M is added, the lithium seat occupancy and the charge / discharge capacity may be lowered. Therefore, z indicating the addition amount is set to 0.07 or less, preferably 0.05 or less, more preferably 0.0. 03 or less. By setting z to 0.03 or less, higher initial charge / discharge efficiency and improved battery characteristics can be obtained. Depending on the purpose, the metal element M can take either a form that is uniformly solid-solved in the lithium nickel composite oxide, a form that is concentrated near the particle surface, or a form that covers the surface.
- the positive electrode active material of the present invention has a crystallite diameter calculated from the peak of the (003) plane in X-ray diffraction of 50 to 300 nm, preferably 100 to 250 nm, in order to further reduce the irreversible capacity.
- the primary active material is a collection of small primary particles to form secondary particles
- a fine gap can be created between the primary particles inside the secondary particles by growing each primary particle to some extent.
- the electrolyte solution penetrates into the gaps between the primary particles, and Li ions can be supplied through the electrolyte solution to the inside of the secondary particles. As a result, it is considered that the speed at which Li ions diffuse throughout the secondary particles is increased, and the irreversible capacity is reduced.
- the extent to which primary particles are growing can be determined by the crystallite diameter calculated from the (003) plane peak in X-ray diffraction.
- the present inventors have found that a positive electrode active material having both a filling property and a reduction in irreversible capacity can be obtained by setting the crystallite diameter to 50 to 300 nm.
- the smaller primary particles constituting the positive electrode active material are preferable from the viewpoint of the contact area with the electrolytic solution, but if the crystallite diameter is less than 50 nm, the primary particles are too fine and the molding density of the positive electrode is too low. Therefore, high charge / discharge characteristics cannot be obtained.
- the electrolyte solution does not sufficiently penetrate between the primary particles inside the secondary particles, and the irreversible capacity cannot be reduced.
- the oxygen release characteristic is deteriorated when the temperature is increased in a charged state, which is not preferable.
- the crystallite diameter is more preferably 120 to 200 nm from the viewpoint of improving the rate characteristics.
- the primary particles are sufficiently in contact with each other, Li ion conduction is good, and the penetration of the electrolyte solution between the primary particles inside the secondary particles is also sufficient. The characteristics can be further improved.
- the specific surface area is preferably 0.3 to 1.0 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is less than 0.3 m 2 / g, the contact between the positive electrode active material and the electrolytic solution decreases, and the irreversible capacity reduction effect may not be obtained.
- the specific surface area exceeds 1.0 m 2 / g, the primary particles may become too fine.
- the average particle size of primary particles constituting the positive electrode active material is preferably 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m. If the average particle size of the primary particles is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the filling property in the positive electrode may be reduced. It may not be possible.
- the average primary particle diameter is determined by measuring the maximum diameter ( ⁇ m) of 100 or more primary particles as individual particle diameters using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or the like, and then calculating the number average value of the particle diameters. It is obtained by calculating.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- it is preferable that a plurality of primary particles are aggregated to form secondary particles, and the shape of the secondary particles is spherical or elliptical. As a result, moderate gaps between primary particles can be formed, and the filling property and irreversible capacity reduction in the positive electrode can be achieved at a higher level.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention is characterized in that the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery described above is used for a positive electrode.
- the average primary particle diameter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more.
- a plurality of primary particles are aggregated to form secondary particles.
- the shape of the secondary particles is preferably spherical or elliptical.
- D50 which is a volume integrated 50% diameter in the particle size distribution indicating the average particle diameter of the secondary particles of the positive electrode active material
- D50 is 3.5 to 15.0 ⁇ m.
- the tap density is preferably 2.0 g / ml or more.
- the tap density is preferably higher from the viewpoint of filling properties, but the practical upper limit is about 3.5 g / ml.
- the average particle diameter of the secondary particles can be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction scattering method.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention has a high initial discharge capacity of 170 mAh / g or more and a rate characteristic of 92% or more when used for the positive electrode of the 2032 type coin battery shown in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the initial charge / discharge efficiency is 94% or more, and the battery has a high capacity and excellent initial charge / discharge efficiency.
- the rate characteristics can be increased to 94% or more, more preferably 95% or more while maintaining a high initial discharge capacity, and a positive electrode material capable of obtaining high output with high capacity can be obtained.
- the rate characteristic is calculated by the ratio of the battery capacity at a current density of 1 C to the battery capacity at a current density of 0.2 C.
- the positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention has high thermal stability and excellent safety in comparison with a positive electrode active material of a conventional lithium nickel oxide.
- the method for producing the positive electrode active material comprises adding an alkaline solution to a mixed aqueous solution containing at least a nickel salt and a cobalt salt, and stirring them for coprecipitation.
- a mixing step in which a predetermined amount of each of the obtained nickel composite oxide and lithium compound is mixed to obtain a lithium mixture, and the obtained lithium mixture is baked at a temperature of 720 ° C. to 830 ° C. in an oxygen atmosphere.
- a firing step for obtaining a composite oxide is provided.
- Ni and Co in which the composition of Ni and Co is homogeneous and sufficiently solid-solved It is necessary, and Ni and Co must be uniformly distributed and dissolved in each step.
- a mixed aqueous solution containing at least a nickel salt and a cobalt salt as the mixed aqueous solution.
- nickel and cobalt uniformly at the stage of the mixed aqueous solution, a composite hydroxide having a uniform and uniformly distributed atomic ratio of both elements can be obtained.
- the composition of nickel and cobalt is homogeneous and sufficiently solid solution.
- the pH of the mixed aqueous solution is preferably controlled in the range of 11 to 13 by adding the alkaline solution.
- the pH is less than 11, the crystallized nickel composite hydroxide particles become coarse, and the average particle size of the secondary particles may exceed 15 ⁇ m. Further, nickel remains in the liquid after the reaction, and the composition may be shifted.
- the pH exceeds 13 the crystallization speed of the nickel composite hydroxide increases, and fine particles may increase. When there are too many fine particles, there exists a problem that these sinter and produce agglomerated powder.
- the alkali solution added to the mixed aqueous solution is not particularly limited, and for example, an alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can be used.
- the alkali metal hydroxide can be directly added to the mixed aqueous solution, but it is preferably added as an aqueous solution in view of easy pH control.
- the addition method of the alkaline solution is not particularly limited, and it may be added with a pump capable of controlling the flow rate such as a metering pump while sufficiently stirring the mixed aqueous solution.
- the temperature of the mixed aqueous solution at the time of coprecipitation is preferably maintained at 30 to 60 ° C.
- the solubility of the salt in the mixed aqueous solution is low and the salt concentration is low, so that the crystals of the nickel composite hydroxide may not grow sufficiently.
- the temperature of the mixed aqueous solution exceeds 60 ° C., the generation of crystal nuclei increases and the number of fine particles increases, so that the nickel composite hydroxide particles may not have a high density.
- the salt concentration of the mixed aqueous solution of nickel salt and cobalt salt is preferably 1.0 to 2.2 mol / L in total for each salt. If it is less than 1.0 mol / L, the salt concentration is low and the nickel composite hydroxide crystals may not grow sufficiently. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.2 mol / L, the saturation concentration at room temperature will be exceeded, so there is a risk that crystals will reprecipitate and clog piping, and there will be many crystal nuclei and many fine particles. May end up.
- the nickel salt and cobalt salt that can be used here are not particularly limited as long as they are water-soluble salts, and sulfates, nitrates, and chlorides are preferably used. Among these salts, sulfate is particularly preferable because it contains few impurities.
- a complexing agent may be used.
- a complexing agent By using a complexing agent, the solubility of nickel in the mixed aqueous solution is stabilized, so that a nickel composite hydroxide having a stable composition and powder characteristics can be obtained.
- the complexing agent used in the coprecipitation step is not particularly limited as long as it can form a complex by binding to nickel ions and cobalt ions in an aqueous solution. Examples include ammonium ion donors (ammonia, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, ammonium fluoride, etc.), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitritotriacetic acid, uracil diacetic acid and glycine.
- the complexing agent may be added in an amount sufficient to bind to nickel ions and cobalt ions in the mixed aqueous solution to form a complex, and the salt concentration of the mixed aqueous solution is 1.0 to 2.2 mol / L. In this case, the concentration in the solution after the reaction is preferably 5 to 25 g / L.
- the metal element M can be added by any of the addition during the coprecipitation and the addition after obtaining the composite hydroxide. That is, when the metal element M is uniformly dispersed in the composite hydroxide, an aqueous solution in which a salt containing M is dissolved in the mixed aqueous solution is added in the coprecipitation step, or a salt containing M is added.
- the aqueous solution in which the aqueous solution is dissolved and the mixed aqueous solution can be simultaneously fed into the reaction vessel and co-precipitated in a state where M is uniformly dispersed inside the composite hydroxide.
- the composite hydroxide is slurried and an aqueous solution containing M is added while controlling the slurry to have a predetermined pH value. If M is precipitated on the surface of the composite hydroxide by a crystallization reaction, the surface can be uniformly coated with the metal element M. In this case, instead of the aqueous solution containing M, an M alkoxide solution may be used.
- the atomic ratio of the metal ions of the resulting composite hydroxide can be reduced by reducing the atomic ratio of the M ions present in the mixed aqueous solution by an amount that covers the surface. Can be matched. Further, the step of coating the surface of the particles with the metal element M may be performed on the particles after the composite hydroxide has been heat-treated.
- the metal element M (at least one element selected from Al, Ti, Mn, Ga, Mg, and Nb) is preferably a water-soluble compound, such as aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminate, titanium sulfate. Ammonium peroxotitanate, potassium potassium oxalate, manganese sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, niobium hydroxide, niobium pentachloride and the like can be used.
- the production method in the coprecipitation step is not particularly limited, and a batch method may be adopted.
- a continuous method in which raw materials are supplied to a reaction vessel equipped with an overflow pipe to continuously collect generated particles is adopted. Is preferable in terms of productivity and stability.
- a continuous method while maintaining a constant temperature, a certain amount of the mixed aqueous solution is supplied to the reaction tank, and the pH is controlled by adding an alkaline solution. It is preferable to collect the produced particles continuously.
- the water used in the coprecipitation step is preferably water having as little impurity content as possible, such as pure water, in order to prevent contamination with impurities.
- the nickel composite hydroxide obtained by coprecipitation is filtered, washed with water and dried. Filtration may be a commonly used method, for example, a centrifuge or a suction filter.
- the washing with water may be performed by a normal method as long as the excess base and impurities contained in the nickel composite hydroxide can be removed.
- the water used in the water washing is preferably water having as little impurity content as possible in order to prevent contamination with impurities.
- the obtained composite hydroxide is heat-treated at a temperature of 450 to 750 ° C., preferably 600 to 750 ° C., to obtain a nickel composite oxide.
- the main purpose of the heat treatment step is to homogenize the distribution of nickel and cobalt in the composite hydroxide, promote the grain growth of the primary particles forming the secondary particles and reduce the specific surface area, This is performed in order to maximize the effect of improving the tap density by reducing the gap between the primary particles.
- the heat treatment temperature is lower than 450 ° C., not only the grain growth of primary particles can be promoted, but also the effect of uniformizing the distribution of nickel and cobalt may not be sufficiently obtained.
- the heat treatment time is preferably at least 1 hour, more preferably 5 to 15 hours. If it is less than 1 hour, removal of residual moisture or conversion from hydroxide to oxide may not be performed sufficiently.
- the heat treatment is preferably performed in a non-reducing atmosphere, particularly in an air atmosphere, in order to sufficiently convert it to an oxide.
- the furnace used for the heat treatment is not particularly limited as long as it can be heated in a non-reducing atmosphere, but an electric furnace that does not generate gas is preferable, and a batch type or continuous type furnace is preferably used. it can.
- a predetermined amount of the nickel composite oxide and the lithium compound obtained in the heat treatment step are mixed to obtain a lithium mixture.
- X in the above general formula of the lithium nickel composite oxide finally obtained is the sum of the metallic elements in the nickel composite oxide (Me) and the nickel composite oxide and lithium compound mixed in the mixing step. It almost coincides with the atomic ratio (Li / Me ratio) of lithium (Li). Therefore, the Li / Me ratio in the mixing step only needs to coincide with the above range x, and mixing is performed so that the Li / Me ratio is 0.98 to 1.04, preferably 1.00 to 1.04. It is preferable.
- lithium hydroxide, a hydrate thereof, lithium carbonate, or a mixture thereof can be preferably used.
- lithium hydroxide is preferably pulverized and more preferably pulverized to 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit is preferably 2 ⁇ m.
- the nickel composite oxide and the lithium compound are preferably mixed well before firing.
- a general mixer can be used.
- a nickel compound oxide and a lithium compound are sufficiently used to prevent destruction of the nickel composite oxide using a shaker mixer, a Laedige mixer, a Julia mixer, a V blender, or the like. You can mix it.
- the lithium mixture obtained in the mixing step is fired at a temperature of 720 ° C. to 830 ° C. in an oxygen atmosphere to obtain a lithium nickel composite oxide.
- the firing temperature in the firing step is in the range of 720 ° C. to 830 ° C., but in order to make the crystallite diameter a preferred size, it is more preferable to carry out in the range of 735 to 820 ° C., improving the homogenization of the composition In order to achieve this, it is more preferable to carry out in the range of 760 to 820 ° C.
- the firing temperature is lower than 720 ° C.
- crystallization due to the reaction between the nickel composite oxide and the lithium compound does not proceed sufficiently, and it becomes difficult to synthesize the lithium nickel composite oxide having the above layered structure.
- the crystallite diameter may not be 120 nm or more.
- the temperature exceeds 830 ° C.
- metal elements other than Li are mixed in the 3a site which is the lithium main layer, and Li is mixed in the 3b site which is the nickel main layer, so that the layered structure is disturbed, and the lithium seat occupation ratio in the 3a site is 98. Less than 7%. For this reason, the mixing rate of metal ions into the 3a site is increased, the lithium ion diffusion path is obstructed, and the battery using the positive electrode has a decrease in initial capacity and an increase in irreversible capacity.
- the firing time is preferably 5 to 50 hours, and more preferably 5 to 25 hours. If it is less than 5 hours, the lithium nickel composite oxide may not be sufficiently produced.
- the calcination is further performed at a temperature lower than the calcination temperature in the range of 450 to 800 ° C. before the calcination. Thereby, it hold
- the holding time in the calcination is preferably about 1 to 10 hours in order to sufficiently obtain the calcination effect.
- the atmosphere during firing is an oxygen atmosphere.
- the reaction between the lithium compound and the nickel composite oxide is a reaction that consumes oxygen.
- the furnace used for firing is not particularly limited as long as it can be heated in an oxygen atmosphere. However, an electric furnace that does not generate gas is preferable, and a batch type or continuous type furnace is used.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, and the like, and includes the same components as those of a general non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the embodiment described below is merely an example, and the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention is implemented in various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, including the following embodiment. can do.
- the use of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited. Next, each component will be described.
- the positive electrode used as the positive electrode active material of the present invention is produced, for example, as follows. A powdered positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder are mixed, and activated carbon and a target solvent such as viscosity adjustment are added as necessary, and these are kneaded to prepare a positive electrode mixture paste. The respective mixing ratios in the positive electrode mixture are also important factors that determine the performance of the lithium secondary battery. When the total mass of the solid content of the positive electrode mixture excluding the solvent is 100% by mass, the content of the positive electrode active material is 60 to 95% by mass as in the case of the positive electrode of a general lithium secondary battery.
- the content is desirably 1 to 20% by mass, and the content of the binder is desirably 1 to 20% by mass.
- the obtained positive electrode mixture paste is applied to the surface of a current collector made of, for example, aluminum foil, and dried to scatter the solvent. If necessary, pressurization may be performed by a roll press or the like to increase the electrode density. In this way, a sheet-like positive electrode can be produced. The sheet-like positive electrode can be cut into an appropriate size according to the intended battery and used for battery production.
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode is not limited to the above-described examples, and may depend on other methods.
- the conductive agent for example, graphite (natural graphite, artificial graphite, expanded graphite, etc.), carbon black materials such as acetylene black, ketjen black, and the like can be used.
- the binder plays a role of holding the active material particles.
- polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, fluorine-containing resins such as fluoro rubber, thermoplastic resins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, ethylene propylene diene rubber, styrene Butadiene, cellulosic resin, polyacrylic acid and the like can be used.
- a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and activated carbon are dispersed, and a solvent that dissolves the binder is added to the positive electrode mixture.
- an organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be used as the solvent.
- activated carbon can be added to the positive electrode mixture in order to increase the electric double layer capacity.
- Niobium electrode metallic lithium, lithium alloy, or the like, and a negative electrode mixture made by mixing a binder with a negative electrode active material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium ions, and adding a suitable solvent, such as copper
- a suitable solvent such as copper
- the negative electrode active material for example, natural graphite, artificial graphite, a fired organic compound such as phenol resin, or a powdery carbon material such as coke can be used.
- a fluorine-containing resin such as polyvinylidene fluoride can be used as in the case of the positive electrode, and the active material and the solvent for dispersing the binder include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- Organic solvents can be used.
- a separator is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the separator separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode and retains the electrolyte, and a thin film such as polyethylene or polypropylene and a film having many fine holes can be used.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte The nonaqueous electrolytic solution is obtained by dissolving a lithium salt as a supporting salt in an organic solvent.
- organic solvent include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, and trifluoropropylene carbonate, chain carbonates such as diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, and dipropyl carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, 2- One kind selected from ether compounds such as methyltetrahydrofuran and dimethoxyethane, sulfur compounds such as ethylmethylsulfone and butanesultone, phosphorus compounds such as triethyl phosphate and trioctyl phosphate, etc.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte solution may contain a radical scavenger, a surfactant, a flame retardant, and the like.
- the shape of the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention composed of the positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, and non-aqueous electrolyte described above can be various, such as a cylindrical type and a laminated type.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are laminated via a separator to form an electrode body, and this electrode body is impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode terminal that communicates with the outside, and the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode terminal that communicates with the outside are connected using a current collecting lead or the like.
- the battery having the above structure can be sealed in a battery case to complete the battery.
- Example 1 In order to synthesize Li 1.02 Ni 0.70 Co 0.30 O 2 in which 30 atomic% of Ni was replaced with Co, a mixture of nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate was prepared with a molar ratio of nickel and cobalt of 70:30. As such, it was appropriately dissolved in pure water to obtain a mixed aqueous solution. Next, while stirring the mixed aqueous solution in a reaction vessel at 50 ° C.
- Ni 0.70 Co 0.30 (OH) 2 was obtained by a coprecipitation method.
- the composite hydroxide precipitate was filtered, washed with water, filtered, and dried in the air.
- this composite hydroxide was heat-treated at 700 ° C. for 10 hours in an air atmosphere using an electric furnace to obtain a nickel composite oxide in which the molar ratio of nickel: cobalt was 70:30.
- the obtained lithium mixture was filled in a cordierite bowl, heated at a temperature rising rate of 2 ° C./min, kept at 500 ° C. in an oxygen atmosphere for 5 hours, and calcined in the same manner. After heating up and baking at 790 ° C. for 12 hours, the furnace was cooled to room temperature. The obtained lithium nickel composite oxide was crushed and classified to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- the specific surface area was measured using BET method. Further, when the SEM observation of the obtained positive electrode active material was carried out, the average particle diameter (measured particle number: 100) of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and a plurality of these primary particles aggregated to form spherical secondary particles. It was confirmed that Further, the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles obtained from the particle size measurement result by the laser diffraction scattering method was 10.5 ⁇ m.
- this positive electrode active material was analyzed by X-ray diffraction using Cu K ⁇ rays, it was confirmed that the positive electrode active material had a desired positive electrode active material having a hexagonal layered structure. From the Rietveld analysis of this powder X-ray diffraction pattern, the lithium site occupancy at the 3a site was determined, and the crystallite diameter was calculated from the peak of the (003) plane in X-ray diffraction using the Scherrer equation.
- the battery evaluation of the obtained positive electrode active material was performed as follows. 70% by mass of the positive electrode active material was mixed with 20% by mass of acetylene black and 10% by mass of PTFE, and 150 mg was taken out from this to produce a pellet to obtain a positive electrode. Lithium metal was used as the negative electrode, and an equivalent mixed solution of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) (made by Toyama Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) using 1M LiClO 4 as a supporting salt was used as the electrolyte. A 2032 type coin battery as shown in FIG. 1 was produced in an Ar atmosphere glove box whose dew point was controlled at ⁇ 80 ° C.
- the prepared battery is left for about 24 hours, and after the open circuit voltage OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) is stabilized, the current density with respect to the positive electrode is set to 0.5 mA / cm 2 and charged to a cutoff voltage of 4.3 V to obtain an initial charge capacity.
- the capacity when the battery was discharged to a cutoff voltage of 3.0 V after 1 hour of rest was defined as the initial discharge capacity.
- An irreversible capacity (initial charge capacity ⁇ initial discharge capacity) and initial charge / discharge efficiency (initial discharge capacity ⁇ 100 / initial charge capacity) were calculated from the initial charge capacity and initial discharge capacity.
- the charge / discharge curve obtained at the time of measurement is shown in FIG.
- the composition, specific surface area, lithium (Li) seat occupancy, and crystallite diameter of the obtained positive electrode active material are shown in Table 1, and the initial charge capacity, initial discharge capacity, and initial charge / discharge efficiency are shown in Table 2, respectively.
- Example 2 A mixed aqueous solution was obtained by dissolving nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate so that the molar ratio of nickel to cobalt was 70:27, and aluminate so that the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt and aluminum was 70: 27: 3
- the aqueous solution in which sodium was dissolved and the mixed aqueous solution were simultaneously fed into the reaction vessel, and the nickel composite hydroxide and lithium hydroxide monohydrate were mixed so that the Li / Me ratio was 1.01.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature was 800 ° C.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 10.7 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 A mixed aqueous solution was obtained by dissolving nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate so that the molar ratio of nickel to cobalt was 67:30, and aluminate so that the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt and aluminum was 67: 30: 3
- the aqueous solution in which sodium was dissolved and the mixed aqueous solution were simultaneously fed into the reaction vessel, and the nickel composite hydroxide and lithium hydroxide monohydrate were mixed so that the Li / Me ratio was 1.03.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 10.6 ⁇ m.
- Example 4 Example 1 except that a mixed aqueous solution was obtained by dissolving nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate, and manganese sulfate so that the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt, and manganese was 72: 25: 3, and the firing temperature was 810 ° C.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as described above. The average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 9.8 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 Example 1 except that nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate, and titanium sulfate were dissolved so that the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt, and titanium was 70: 27: 3 to obtain a mixed aqueous solution, and the firing temperature was 820 ° C.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as described above.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 9.7 ⁇ m.
- Example 6 Nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate, and magnesium sulfate were dissolved so that the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt, and magnesium was 67: 30: 3 to obtain a mixed aqueous solution, so that the Li / Me ratio was 1.00.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nickel composite hydroxide and lithium hydroxide monohydrate were mixed.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 10.5 ⁇ m.
- Example 7 A mixed aqueous solution was obtained by dissolving nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate so that the molar ratio of nickel and cobalt was 60:37, and aluminate so that the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt and aluminum was 60: 37: 3
- the aqueous solution in which sodium was dissolved and the mixed aqueous solution were simultaneously fed into the reaction vessel, and the nickel composite hydroxide and lithium hydroxide monohydrate were mixed so that the Li / Me ratio was 1.01.
- the positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature was 810 ° C.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 10.7 ⁇ m.
- Example 8 A mixed aqueous solution was obtained by dissolving nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate so that the molar ratio of nickel to cobalt was 65:30, and aluminate so that the molar ratio of nickel, cobalt and aluminum was 65: 30: 5
- the aqueous solution in which sodium was dissolved and the mixed aqueous solution were simultaneously fed into the reaction vessel, and the nickel composite hydroxide and lithium hydroxide monohydrate were mixed so that the Li / Me ratio was 1.01.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 10.9 ⁇ m.
- Example 9 A positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperature when baking for 12 hours was 720 ° C.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.1 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 11.2 ⁇ m.
- Nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate were dissolved so that the molar ratio of nickel and cobalt was 80:20 to obtain a mixed aqueous solution, and the nickel composite hydroxide and hydroxide were adjusted so that the Li / Me ratio was 1.01.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that lithium monohydrate was mixed.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.3 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 11.5 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 A positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nickel composite hydroxide and lithium hydroxide monohydrate were mixed so that the Li / Me ratio was 0.97.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.2 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 10.6 ⁇ m.
- Example 4 Nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate were dissolved so that the molar ratio of nickel and cobalt was 50:50 to obtain a mixed aqueous solution, and the nickel composite hydroxide and hydroxide were adjusted so that the Li / Me ratio was 1.03.
- a positive electrode active material was obtained and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that lithium monohydrate was mixed and the firing temperature was 810 ° C.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles was 0.3 ⁇ m, and the average particle diameter (D50) of the secondary particles was 10.9 ⁇ m.
- the lithium nickel composite oxides obtained in Examples 1 to 9 show a high discharge capacity of 170 mAh / g or more and an initial charge / discharge efficiency of 94% or more.
- the irreversible capacity was 8.3 to 11.2 mAh / g. Therefore, it turns out that the lithium nickel composite oxide of this application is a material which can be used as a new high capacity
- the lithium nickel composite oxides obtained in Examples 1 to 9 have rate characteristics of 92% or more, and are preferable for high output applications.
- Example 8 since the additive element M is large, the initial charge / discharge efficiency tends to be lower than in other examples.
- the firing temperature is within the range of the present invention, but is as low as 720 ° C., so the crystallite diameter is 110 nm and the rate characteristic is less than 94%. Both properties are low.
- Comparative Example 1 has a low Co content
- Comparative Example 2 has a low Li / Me ratio, so the lithium seat occupancy is less than 98.7%. For this reason, the irreversible capacity exceeds 19 mAh / g, and the initial charge / discharge efficiency is very low.
- the Li / Me ratio since the Li / Me ratio is high, the lithium seat occupation ratio is high.
- the positive electrode active material according to the present invention has a composition controlled within an optimum range, high crystal integrity, high capacity and low irreversible capacity.
- a battery using such a positive electrode active material is suitable for use as a power source for small portable electronic devices that always require a high capacity and a power source for electric vehicles.
- the electric vehicle power source can be used not only for an electric vehicle driven purely by electric energy but also for a so-called hybrid vehicle used in combination with a combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.
- Lithium metal negative electrode 2 Separator (electrolyte impregnation) 3 Positive electrode (Evaluation electrode) 4 Gasket 5 Negative electrode can 6 Positive electrode can 7 Current collector
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
Description
しかし、リチウムコバルト複合酸化物は、原料に希産で高価なコバルト化合物を用いているため、電池のコストアップの原因となる。このため、正極活物質としてリチウムコバルト複合酸化物以外のものを用いることが望まれている。
例えば、特許文献4においては、結晶構造の中の3aサイトのニッケルの席占有率が1.5~2.9%である正極活物質が開示されている。また、特許文献5では、3aサイトのリチウム席占有率を98.5%以上とし、かつ、3bサイトのメタル席占有率を95~98%とすることで高容量化と高出力化を同時に達成できるとした正極活物質が開示されている。
例えば、特許文献6では、X線回折によるリートベルト解析結果において3aサイトのリチウムイオンの席占有率が97%以上であることを特徴とする正極活物質が開示されている。不可逆容量には、3aサイトのリチウム席占有率が影響し、このリチウム席占有率を向上させることで、初期充放電容量は向上し、不可逆容量を低減できる可能性が示唆されている。しかしながら、初期充放電効率は90.0%を超えるものは得られておらず、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物の初期充放電における不可逆容量は依然として大きく、初期充放電効率において90%を超えることは困難であった。
例えば、特許文献7では、Ni含有量が多くかつ平均粒子径の大きい第1の正極活物質と、Ni含有量が少なくかつ平均粒子径の小さい第2の正極活物質と、平均粒子径が互いに異なる第1の導電助剤と第2の導電助剤を有し、出力特性に優れた非水電解質二次電池が開示されている。しかしながらリチウムニッケル複合酸化物自体のレート特性を改善するには至っていない。
上記混合工程において、ニッケル複合酸化物とリチウム化合物を、ニッケル複合酸化物中の金属元素の合計(Me)とリチウム化合物中のリチウム(Li)の原子比(Li/Me)が0.98~1.04となるように、混合することが好ましく、該リチウム化合物として、水酸化リチウムもしくはその水和物を用いることが好ましい。
また、上記焼成工程において、735~820℃の温度で焼成することが好ましく、焼成前に450~800℃の範囲で、かつ焼成する温度よりも低い温度で仮焼することが好ましい。
本発明が提供する非水系電解質二次電池は、上記正極活物質を用いた正極を具備することを特徴とするものである。
また、本発明による非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質を非水系二次電池の正極活物質として用いることで、二次電池の初期充放電効率が高く、不可逆容量の小さく、さらにレート特性に優れた二次電池を提供することができる。このような電池は、最近の携帯電子機器等の小型二次電池に対する高容量化の要求を満足するとともに、ハイブリッド自動車用、電気自動車用大型二次電池に用いられる電源として求められる高い出力特性と安全性をも確保することが可能な非水系電解質二次電池を得ることができ、工業上極めて有用である。
そこで、さまざまな方法で合成した正極活物質に対して検討を重ねた結果、本発明者は、粉末X線回折パターンのリートベルト解析より求めた3aサイトのリチウム席占有率と不可逆容量に深い関係があり、X線回折パターンのリートベルト解析結果から得られた3aサイトのリチウム席占有率が98.7%以上である結晶構造の完全性が非常に高い正極活物質を用いることで、固相内でのLiの拡散パスを確保し、不可逆容量を低減し、初期充放電効率をより改善できることを見出した。
このような3aサイトのリチウム席占有率が高い正極活物質は、Coの含有比率に依存しており、上記一般式においてCoの含有率を示すyを0.25以上の範囲とすることにより、3aサイトのリチウム席占有率を98.7%以上にすることができることを確認した。
本発明の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質は、一般式:LixNi1-y-zCoyMzO2(0.98≦x≦1.04、0.25≦y≦0.40、0≦z≦0.07、MはAl、Ti、Mn、Ga、MgおよびNbの中から選択される少なくとも1種の元素)で表され、かつ層状構造を有する六方晶系のリチウムニッケル複合酸化物からなるものである。
上記xの範囲を0.98≦x≦1.04、好ましくは1.00≦x≦1.04とすることで、3aサイトに入るLiを十分なものとして結晶構造の完全性を確保するとともに、3bサイトに混入するLiを抑制して高い充放電容量を得ることができる。
上記yの範囲を0.25≦y≦0.40、好ましくは0.25≦y≦0.35とすることで、結晶構造の完全性および安定化による高い初期充放電効率と高電池容量とのバランスを確保することができる。
金属元素Mを多量に添加すると、リチウム席占有率や充放電容量が低下することがあるため、添加量を示すzは0.07以下とし、好ましくは、0.05以下、より好ましくは0.03以下である。前記zを0.03以下とすることで、さらに高い初期充放電効率と電池特性の改善効果を得ることができる。金属元素Mは、その目的に応じてリチウムニッケル複合酸化物に均一に固溶する形態、粒子表面付近への濃縮や表面を被覆する形態のいずれも採ることができる。
なお、一次粒子の平均粒径は、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)などにより、100個以上の一次粒子の最大径(μm)を個々の粒径として測定したのち、その粒径の個数平均値を算出することで求められる。
また、該一次粒子が複数集合して二次粒子を形成しており、かつ該二次粒子の形状が球状または楕円球状であることが好ましい。これにより、適度な一次粒子間の隙間を形成し、正極における充填性と不可逆容量の低減をより高次元で両立することができる。
電池における正極の充填密度を高めるため、一次粒子径の平均粒径は0.1μm以上であることが好ましい。また、該一次粒子は複数集合して二次粒子を形成していることが好ましい。二次粒子を形成することにより、充填性が上がり、電極の成型上好ましいからである。特に高い充填性を確保するためには、二次粒子の形状は球状または楕円球状であることが好ましい。
なお、二次粒子の平均粒径は、例えば、レーザー回折散乱法を用いて測定することができる。
さらに、本発明の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質は、従来のリチウムニッケル系酸化物の正極活物質との比較においても、熱安定性が高く、安全性においても優れているといえる。
上記正極活物質に係る製造方法は、少なくともニッケル塩とコバルト塩を含む混合水溶液にアルカリ溶液を加えて、それらを攪拌して共沈殿反応により晶析させ、少なくともコバルトを含むニッケル複合水酸化物を得る共沈殿工程と、得られたニッケル複合水酸化物を450~750℃の温度で熱処理してニッケル複合酸化物を得る熱処理工程と、得られたニッケル複合酸化物とリチウム化合物をそれぞれ所定量混合してリチウム混合物を得る混合工程と、得られたリチウム混合物を、酸素雰囲気中において720℃~830℃の温度で焼成してリチウムニッケル複合酸化物を得る焼成工程を具備すること特徴とする。
まず、共沈殿工程において、一般式:Ni1-y-zCoyMz(OH)2(0.25≦y≦0.40、0≦z≦0.07、MはAl、Ti、Mn、Ga、MgおよびNbの中から選択される少なくとも1種の元素)で表されるニッケル複合水酸化物を得る。ここで、混合水溶液として、少なくともニッケル塩とコバルト塩を含む混合水溶液を用いることが必要である。混合水溶液の段階でニッケルとコバルトを均一に混合しておくことで、両元素の原子比で一定で、かつ均一に分布した複合水酸化物が得られ、最終的に得られる正極活物質においてもニッケルとコバルトの組成が均質で十分に固溶した状態となる。
ニッケル塩とコバルト塩の混合水溶液の塩濃度は、各塩の合計で1.0~2.2mol/Lとすることが好ましい。1.0mol/L未満であると、塩濃度が低く、ニッケル複合水酸化物の結晶が十分に成長しないことがある。一方、2.2mol/Lを超えると、常温での飽和濃度を超えるため、結晶が再析出して配管を詰まらせるなどの危険がある上、結晶核の発生が多く微細な粒子が多くなってしまうことがある。
金属元素Mは、上記共沈殿時の添加、複合水酸化物を得た後の添加のいずれの方法でも添加することができる。すなわち、金属元素Mを複合水酸化物の内部に均一に分散させる場合には、上記共沈殿工程において、混合水溶液にMを含む塩を溶解させた水溶液を添加して、または、Mを含む塩を溶解させた水溶液と混合水溶液とを同時に反応槽中に給液して、複合水酸化物の内部にMを均一に分散させた状態で共沈殿させることできる。
連続方式の場合、温度を一定に保持しながら、混合水溶液を反応槽に一定量供給するとともに、アルカリ溶液を添加してpHを制御し、反応槽内が定常状態になった後、オーバーフローパイプより生成粒子を連続的に採取することが好ましい。また、混合水溶液と錯化剤を予め混合してから反応槽に供給することも可能であるが、錯化剤との混合時に、混合水溶液中にニッケル複合水酸化物が生成することを防止するため、混合水溶液と錯化剤は、個別に反応槽に供給することが好ましい。
共沈殿によって得られたニッケル複合水酸化物は、濾過した後、水洗、乾燥される。濾過は、通常用いられる方法でよく、たとえば、遠心機、吸引濾過機が用いられる。また、水洗は、通常行なわれる方法でよく、ニッケル複合水酸化物に含まれる余剰の塩基、不純物を除去できればよい。水洗で用いる水は、不純物混入防止のため、可能な限り不純物含有量が少ない水を用いることが好ましい。
熱処理温度が450℃未満であると、一次粒子の粒成長を促進できなばかりか、ニッケルとコバルトの分布を均一化する効果が十分に得られないことがある。一方、750℃を超えると、複合水酸化物が酸化物に変化した後の粒成長が著しく、リチウム化合物との反応性が悪化し、リチウム席占有率が低下する。また、熱処理時間は、少なくとも1時間以上が好ましく、より好ましくは、5~15時間である。1時間未満では、残留水分の除去、あるいは水酸化物から酸化物への転換が十分に行われない場合がある。
最終的に得られるリチウムニッケル複合酸化物の上記一般式におけるxは、混合工程において混合されるニッケル複合酸化物とリチウム化合物をニッケル複合酸化物中の金属元素の合計(Me)とリチウム化合物中のリチウム(Li)の原子比(Li/Me比)とほぼ一致する。したがって、混合工程におけるLi/Me比は、上記xの範囲と一致させればよく、Li/Me比が0.98~1.04、好ましくは1.00~1.04となるように混合することが好ましい。
焼成に用いられる炉は、特に限定されるものではなく、酸素雰囲気中で加熱できるものであればよいが、ガス発生がない電気炉が好ましく、バッチ式あるいは連続式の炉が用いられる。
本発明の非水系電解質二次電池は、正極、負極および非水系電解液などからなり、一般の非水系電解質二次電池と同様の構成要素により構成される。なお、以下で説明する実施形態は例示に過ぎず、本発明の非水系電解質二次電池は、下記実施形態をはじめとして、当業者の知識に基づいて種々の変更、改良を施した形態で実施することができる。また、本発明の非水系電解質二次電池は、その用途を特に限定するものではない。次に、各構成要素について説明する。
本発明の正極活物質として用いた正極は、例えば、次のようにして作製する。
粉末状の正極活物質、導電材、結着剤とを混合し、さらに必要に応じて活性炭、粘度調整等の目的の溶剤を添加し、これを混練して正極合材ペーストを作製する。正極合材中のそれぞれの混合比も、リチウム二次電池の性能を決定する重要な要素となる。溶剤を除いた正極合材の固形分の全質量を100質量%とした場合、一般のリチウム二次電池の正極と同様、それぞれ、正極活物質の含有量を60~95質量%、導電材の含有量を1~20質量%、結着剤の含有量を1~20質量%とすることが望ましい。得られた正極合材ペーストを、例えば、アルミニウム箔製の集電体の表面に塗布し、乾燥して溶剤を飛散させる。必要に応じ、電極密度を高めるべくロールプレス等により加圧することもある。このようにしてシート状の正極を作製することができる。シート状の正極は、目的とする電池に応じて適当な大きさに裁断等し、電池の作製に供することができる。ただし、正極の作製方法は、前記例示のものに限られることなく、他の方法に依ってもよい。
前記正極の作製にあたって、導電剤としては、例えば、黒鉛(天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、膨張黒鉛など)やアセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラックなどのカーボンブラック系材料などを用いることができる。
負極には、金属リチウム、リチウム合金等、また、リチウムイオンを吸蔵・脱離できる負極活物質に結着剤を混合し、適当な溶剤を加えてペースト状にした負極合材を、銅等の金属箔集電体の表面に塗布、乾燥し、必要に応じて電極密度を高めるべく圧縮して形成したものを使用する。
正極と負極との間にはセパレータを挟み込んで配置する。セパレータは、正極と負極とを分離し電解質を保持するものであり、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の薄い膜で、微少な穴を多数有する膜を用いることができる。
非水系電解液は、支持塩としてのリチウム塩を有機溶媒に溶解したものである。
有機溶媒としては、エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート、ブチレンカーボネート、トリフルオロプロピレンカーボネート等の環状カーボネート、また、ジエチルカーボネート、ジメチルカーボネート、エチルメチルカーボネート、ジプロピルカーボネート等の鎖状カーボネート、さらに、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、ジメトキシエタン等のエーテル化合物、エチルメチルスルホン、ブタンスルトン等の硫黄化合物、リン酸トリエチル、リン酸トリオクチル等のリン化合物等から選ばれる1種を単独で、あるいは2種以上を混合して用いることができる。
支持塩としては、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiN(CF3SO2)2等、およびそれらの複合塩を用いることができる。さらに、非水系電解液は、ラジカル補足剤、界面活性剤および難燃剤等を含んでいてもよい。
以上説明してきた正極、負極、セパレータおよび非水系電解液で構成される本発明に係るリチウム二次電池の形状は、円筒型、積層型等、種々のものとすることができる。
いずれの形状を採る場合であっても、正極および負極を、セパレータを介して積層させて電極体とし、この電極体に上記非水電解液を含浸させる。正極集電体と外部に通ずる正極端子との間、並びに負極集電体と外部に通ずる負極端子との間を、集電用リード等を用いて接続する。以上の構成のものを電池ケースに密閉して電池を完成させることができる。
Niの30原子%をCoに置換したLi1.02Ni0.70Co0.30O2を合成するために、硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルトの混合物を、ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が70:30になるよう純水に適宜溶解させ、混合水溶液を得た。次に前記混合水溶液を反応槽中、50℃にて撹拌翼の回転数を500rpmとして撹拌しながら、25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加して反応槽内のpH値を12.6、塩濃度をニッケル塩とコバルト塩の合計で2.0mol/lに調整し、共沈澱法によりNi0.70Co0.30(OH)2で表されるニッケル複合水酸化物を得た。この複合水酸化物の沈殿をろ過後、さらに水洗・ろ過し、大気雰囲気中で乾燥させた。
得られた正極活物質の組成、比表面積、リチウム(Li)席占有率、結晶子径を表1に、初期充電容量、初期放電容量、初期充放電効率を表2にそれぞれ示す。
以下の実施例2~9および比較例1~3については、実施例1と異なる条件のみを記載し、実施例1と同様の方法で評価した内容を、表1および表2に示す。またレート特性に関しては、実施例の評価結果のみ表3に示す。
なお、実施例2~9、比較例1~3においても、一次粒子が複数集合して球状の二次粒子となっていること、及び六方晶型層状構造を有した所望の正極活物質であることを確認した。
ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が70:27となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、ニッケルとコバルトとアルミニウムのモル比が70:27:3となるようにアルミン酸ナトリウムを溶解させた水溶液と混合水溶液とを同時に反応槽中に給液したこと、Li/Me比が1.01となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと、焼成温度を800℃としたこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.7μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が67:30となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、ニッケルとコバルトとアルミニウムのモル比が67:30:3となるようにアルミン酸ナトリウムを溶解させた水溶液と混合水溶液とを同時に反応槽中に給液したこと、Li/Me比が1.03となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.6μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトとマンガンのモル比が72:25:3となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトと硫酸マンガンを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、焼成温度を810℃としたこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は9.8μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトとチタンのモル比が70:27:3となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトと硫酸チタンを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、焼成温度を820℃としたこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は9.7μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトとマグネシウムのモル比が67:30:3となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトと硫酸マグネシウムを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、Li/Me比がで1.00となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.5μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が60:37となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、ニッケルとコバルトとアルミニウムのモル比が60:37:3となるようにアルミン酸ナトリウムを溶解させた水溶液と混合水溶液とを同時に反応槽中に給液したこと、Li/Me比が1.01となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと、焼成温度を810℃としたこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.7μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が65:30となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、ニッケルとコバルトとアルミニウムのモル比が65:30:5となるようにアルミン酸ナトリウムを溶解させた水溶液と混合水溶液とを同時に反応槽中に給液したこと、Li/Me比が1.01となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.9μmであった。
12時間焼成する時の温度を720℃で以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.1μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は11.2μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が80:20となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、Li/Me比が1.01となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.3μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は11.5μmであった。
Li/Me比が0.97となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合した以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.6μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が67:30となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、ニッケルとコバルトとアルミニウムのモル比が67:30:3となるようにアルミン酸ナトリウムを溶解させた水溶液と混合水溶液とを同時に反応槽中に給液したこと、Li/Me比が1.07となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.2μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.5μmであった。
ニッケルとコバルトのモル比が50:50となるように硫酸ニッケルと硫酸コバルトを溶解して混合水溶液を得たこと、Li/Me比が1.03となるようにニッケル複合水酸化物と水酸化リチウム一水和物を混合したこと、焼成温度を810℃としたこと以外は実施例1と同様な方法で正極活物質を得るとともに評価した。一次粒子の平均粒径は0.3μmであり、二次粒子の平均粒径(D50)は10.9μmであった。
表2に示すように、実施例1~9で得られたリチウムニッケル複合酸化物は、170mAh/g以上の高い放電容量を示し、初期充放電効率が94%以上を示す。また、不可逆容量は、8.3~11.2mAh/gであった。よって、本願のリチウムニッケル複合酸化物は、不可逆容量が極めて低く、初期充放電効率が非常に高い、新たな高容量正極材料として使用可能な材料であることがわかる。さらに、表3に示す通り、実施例1~9で得られたリチウムニッケル複合酸化物は、レート特性が92%以上を示し、高出力用途としても好ましいことがわかる。ここで、実施例8は、添加元素Mが多いため、初期充放電効率が他の実施例より低い傾向にある。また、実施例9は、焼成温度が本発明の範囲であるが720℃と低いため、結晶子径が110nm、レート特性が94%未満となっており、他の実施例より結晶子径及びレート特性ともに低くなっている。
一方、比較例1は、Coの含有率が低いため、比較例2は、Li/Me比が低いため、リチウム席占有率が98.7%未満となっている。このため、不可逆容量が19mAh/gを超え、初期充放電効率が非常に低い。また、比較例3では、Li/Me比が高いため、リチウム席占有率が高い。このため、不可逆容量は比較的小さいが、充放電容量が低くなり、初期充放電効率も94%未満と、実施例と比較して低くなっている。さらに、比較例3では、過剰なLiが電池作製時にゲル化等の問題を引き起こす可能性がある。比較例4では、Coの含有率が高いため、初期充放電効率は高いが初期充放電容量が低くなっている。
2 セパレータ(電解液含浸)
3 正極(評価用電極)
4 ガスケット
5 負極缶
6 正極缶
7 集電体
Claims (10)
- 一般式:LixNi1-y-zCoyMzO2(0.98≦x≦1.04、0.25≦y≦0.40、0≦z≦0.07、MはAl、Ti、Mn、Ga、MgおよびNbの中から選択される少なくとも1種の元素)で表され、かつ層状構造を有する六方晶系のリチウムニッケル複合酸化物からなり、
X線回折パターンのリートベルト解析から得られるリチウム主体層のリチウム席占有率が98.7%以上であり、X線回折における(003)面のピークから計算される結晶子径が50~300nmであることを特徴とする非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。 - 前記結晶子径が120~200nmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 比表面積が0.3~1.0m2/gであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 正極活物質を構成する一次粒子の平均粒径が0.1~1μmであり、該一次粒子が複数集合して二次粒子を形成しており、かつ該二次粒子の形状が球状または楕円球状であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質。
- 一般式:LixNi1-y-zCoyMzO2(0.98≦x≦1.04、0.25≦y≦0.40、0≦z≦0.07、MはAl、Ti、Mn、Ga、MgおよびNbの中から選択される少なくとも1種の元素)で表される非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法であって、
少なくともニッケル塩とコバルト塩を含む混合水溶液にアルカリ溶液を加えて、それらを攪拌して共沈殿させ、少なくともコバルトを含むニッケル複合水酸化物を得る共沈殿工程と、
得られたニッケル複合水酸化物を450~750℃の温度で熱処理してニッケル複合酸化物を得る熱処理工程と、
得られたニッケル複合酸化物とリチウム化合物をそれぞれ所定量混合してリチウム混合物を得る混合工程と、
得られたリチウム混合物を、酸素雰囲気中において720~830℃の温度で焼成してリチウムニッケル複合酸化物を得る焼成工程と
を具備すること特徴とする非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。 - 上記混合工程において、ニッケル複合酸化物とリチウム化合物をニッケル複合酸化物中の金属元素の合計(Me)とリチウム化合物中のリチウム(Li)の原子比(Li/Me)が0.98~1.04となるように混合することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 上記リチウム化合物として、水酸化リチウムもしくはその水和物を用いることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 上記焼成工程において、735~820℃の温度で焼成することを特徴とする請求項5~7のいずれかに記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 上記焼成工程において、焼成前に450~800℃の範囲で、かつ焼成する温度よりも低い温度で仮焼することを特徴とする請求項5~8のいずれかに記載の非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の正極活物質を用いた正極を具備することを特徴とする非水系電解質二次電池。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020157000525A KR101767888B1 (ko) | 2012-07-12 | 2013-07-01 | 비수계 전해질 이차전지용 양극 활물질과 그의 제조방법 및 양극 활물질을 이용한 비수계 전해질 이차전지 |
| US14/411,192 US10084188B2 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2013-07-01 | Positive electrode active substance for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell, method for producing same, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary cell using positive electrode active substance |
| JP2014524741A JP6217636B2 (ja) | 2012-07-12 | 2013-07-01 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、ならびに該正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012-156632 | 2012-07-12 | ||
| JP2012156632 | 2012-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2014010448A1 true WO2014010448A1 (ja) | 2014-01-16 |
Family
ID=49915912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2013/067990 Ceased WO2014010448A1 (ja) | 2012-07-12 | 2013-07-01 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、ならびに該正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10084188B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6217636B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101767888B1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2014010448A1 (ja) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016222483A (ja) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-28 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JPWO2017061633A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-07-26 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケル含有複合酸化物とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JPWO2018043436A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-06-24 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 異種金属含有リチウムニッケル複合酸化物及びその製造方法 |
| WO2020003642A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2020107536A (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-09 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法 |
| JP2020173934A (ja) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-22 | 株式会社田中化学研究所 | リチウム複合酸化物 |
| US20210039960A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2021-02-11 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Aluminum-coated nickel cobalt containing composite hydroxide and method for manufacturing same, cathode active matetial for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for manufacturing same, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP2021517719A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-07-26 | ユミコア | 充電式リチウム二次電池用正極活物質としてのリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物 |
| JPWO2020137440A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-11-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウム含有複合酸化物の製造方法 |
| KR20230008070A (ko) | 2020-05-07 | 2023-01-13 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 리튬 금속 복합 산화물, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 활물질, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
| CN115667153A (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-01-31 | Ev金属英国有限公司 | 阴极材料和方法 |
| JP7397156B1 (ja) | 2022-12-16 | 2023-12-12 | 住友化学株式会社 | 金属複合化合物粉末及びリチウム二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
| WO2023243347A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-12-21 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子及びその製造方法、リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子組成物及びそれらの製造方法 |
| JP2023184449A (ja) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-12-28 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子及びその製造方法、リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子組成物及びそれらの製造方法 |
| JP2024539971A (ja) * | 2021-10-25 | 2024-10-31 | ユミコア | リチウムイオン充電式電池用正極活物質を製造するための金属酸化物生成物 |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105247711B (zh) * | 2013-07-17 | 2018-12-07 | 住友金属矿山株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池用正极活性物质、其制造方法以及非水电解质二次电池 |
| JP7412080B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-27 | 2024-01-12 | カムエクス パワー エルエルシー | ナノ結晶を含む多結晶層状金属酸化物 |
| JP6855752B2 (ja) * | 2016-10-31 | 2021-04-07 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP6605518B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-27 | 2019-11-13 | ユミコア | 高性能のリチウムイオン電池用正極活物質及びその製造方法 |
| US20230135908A1 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2023-05-04 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Metal composite hydroxide, method for producing same, positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, method for producing said positive electrode active material, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using said positive electrode active material |
| WO2019132087A1 (ko) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-04 | 주식회사 엘 앤 에프 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 이의 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| JP7276324B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-02 | 2023-05-18 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質及びその製造方法 |
| KR102453273B1 (ko) | 2018-05-23 | 2022-10-11 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극재, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
| CN110668510A (zh) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-10 | 湘乡绿锂新材料科技有限公司 | 一种镍钴锰分步合成三元前驱体的制备方法 |
| CN110993903B (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-10-12 | 北京理工大学 | 一种钽改性高镍正极材料及其制备方法与应用 |
| BR112022019431A2 (pt) | 2020-03-27 | 2022-12-06 | Univ Texas | Materiais de cátodo de alta energia com baixo cobalto e sem cobalto para baterias de lítio |
| US20220001752A1 (en) * | 2020-07-05 | 2022-01-06 | Fastcap Systems Corporation | Motor vehicle |
| CN112054183A (zh) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-08 | 深圳澳睿新能源科技有限公司 | 制取具有成分梯度特性的材料的方法及在电池中的应用 |
| CN114204002B (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-02-20 | 天津巴莫科技有限责任公司 | 一种用于固态电池的高压实高镍层状正极材料的复合包覆方法 |
| KR20230085513A (ko) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-06-14 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| CN118738367A (zh) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-10-01 | 万华化学(烟台)电池材料科技有限公司 | 一种高镍单晶三元正极材料的制备方法 |
| WO2025135901A1 (ko) * | 2023-12-22 | 2025-06-26 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 양극재, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
| KR102843844B1 (ko) * | 2024-03-15 | 2025-08-08 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 양극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
| US12278363B1 (en) | 2024-04-29 | 2025-04-15 | Camx Power, Llc | Multiple morphology composite cathode materials providing high energy and long cycle life and cells employing the same |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1125980A (ja) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-29 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその評価方法 |
| JP2004171961A (ja) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池正極活物質およびリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2004273451A (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-30 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2005251756A (ja) * | 2005-04-04 | 2005-09-15 | Nippon Chem Ind Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2006310181A (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| JP2008234926A (ja) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-10-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法 |
| JP2009176533A (ja) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-08-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | リチウム二次電池の検査方法及び製造方法 |
| JP2012028163A (ja) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-02-09 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法および非水系電解質二次電池 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3244314B2 (ja) | 1991-11-13 | 2002-01-07 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水系電池 |
| JPH0845509A (ja) | 1994-07-28 | 1996-02-16 | Sony Corp | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| JPH08213015A (ja) | 1995-01-31 | 1996-08-20 | Sony Corp | リチウム二次電池用正極活物質及びリチウム二次電池 |
| JP3833331B2 (ja) | 1996-03-04 | 2006-10-11 | シャープ株式会社 | 非水系二次電池 |
| JP3835266B2 (ja) | 2001-11-29 | 2006-10-18 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法 |
| JP2004111076A (ja) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-04-08 | Sony Corp | 正極活物質及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| EP1450423B1 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2008-11-19 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Active material for positive electrode in non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP4061648B2 (ja) | 2003-04-11 | 2008-03-19 | ソニー株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質及びそれを用いた非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2008153017A (ja) | 2006-12-15 | 2008-07-03 | Ise Chemicals Corp | 非水電解液二次電池用正極活物質 |
| JP4762174B2 (ja) | 2007-03-02 | 2011-08-31 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、ならびに非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP5618116B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-12 | 2014-11-05 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケル複合酸化物及びリチウムニッケル複合酸化物を正極活物質に用いた非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP5614334B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-02 | 2014-10-29 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケルコバルト複合水酸化物およびその製造方法、ならびに該複合水酸化物を用いて得られる非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質 |
| JP5447248B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-14 | 2014-03-19 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、ならびにこの正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP5835941B2 (ja) | 2011-05-17 | 2015-12-24 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
-
2013
- 2013-07-01 WO PCT/JP2013/067990 patent/WO2014010448A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-07-01 JP JP2014524741A patent/JP6217636B2/ja active Active
- 2013-07-01 KR KR1020157000525A patent/KR101767888B1/ko active Active
- 2013-07-01 US US14/411,192 patent/US10084188B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1125980A (ja) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-29 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその評価方法 |
| JP2004171961A (ja) * | 2002-11-20 | 2004-06-17 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池正極活物質およびリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2004273451A (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-30 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2005251756A (ja) * | 2005-04-04 | 2005-09-15 | Nippon Chem Ind Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池正極活物質、その製造方法およびリチウム二次電池 |
| JP2006310181A (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 非水電解液二次電池 |
| JP2008234926A (ja) * | 2007-03-19 | 2008-10-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法 |
| JP2009176533A (ja) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-08-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | リチウム二次電池の検査方法及び製造方法 |
| JP2012028163A (ja) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-02-09 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法および非水系電解質二次電池 |
Cited By (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210039960A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2021-02-11 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Aluminum-coated nickel cobalt containing composite hydroxide and method for manufacturing same, cathode active matetial for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for manufacturing same, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| US12195352B2 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2025-01-14 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Aluminum-coated nickel cobalt containing composite hydroxide and method for manufacturing same, cathode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for manufacturing same, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP2016222483A (ja) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-28 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP2022113734A (ja) * | 2015-10-09 | 2022-08-04 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケル含有複合酸化物の製造方法 |
| JPWO2017061633A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-07-26 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケル含有複合酸化物とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JP7349109B2 (ja) | 2015-10-09 | 2023-09-22 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケル含有複合酸化物の製造方法 |
| JP7140321B2 (ja) | 2015-10-09 | 2022-09-21 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムニッケル含有複合酸化物とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 |
| JPWO2018043436A1 (ja) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-06-24 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 異種金属含有リチウムニッケル複合酸化物及びその製造方法 |
| US12002952B2 (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2024-06-04 | Umicore | Lithium transition metal composite oxide as a positive electrode active material for rechargeable lithium secondary batteries |
| JP2021517719A (ja) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-07-26 | ユミコア | 充電式リチウム二次電池用正極活物質としてのリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物 |
| JP7021366B2 (ja) | 2018-03-28 | 2022-02-16 | ユミコア | 充電式リチウム二次電池用正極活物質としてのリチウム遷移金属複合酸化物 |
| US12166205B2 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2024-12-10 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode active substance for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell, and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell |
| JP7199064B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2023-01-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| JPWO2020003642A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-07-08 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| WO2020003642A1 (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及び非水電解質二次電池 |
| JPWO2020137440A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-11-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウム含有複合酸化物の製造方法 |
| JP7412883B2 (ja) | 2018-12-28 | 2024-01-15 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法 |
| US12381216B2 (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2025-08-05 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Lithium-containing complex oxide production method |
| JP2020107536A (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-09 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法 |
| JP7507434B2 (ja) | 2018-12-28 | 2024-06-28 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | リチウム含有複合酸化物の製造方法 |
| JP7308649B2 (ja) | 2019-04-09 | 2023-07-14 | 株式会社田中化学研究所 | リチウム複合酸化物 |
| JP2020173934A (ja) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-10-22 | 株式会社田中化学研究所 | リチウム複合酸化物 |
| CN115667153A (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-01-31 | Ev金属英国有限公司 | 阴极材料和方法 |
| EP4148021A4 (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2024-06-19 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | LITHIUM-METAL COMPOSITE OXIDE, ACTIVE MATERIAL OF POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY, POSITIVE ELECTRODE FOR LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY AND LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY |
| KR20230008070A (ko) | 2020-05-07 | 2023-01-13 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 리튬 금속 복합 산화물, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 활물질, 리튬 이차 전지용 정극 및 리튬 이차 전지 |
| JP2024539971A (ja) * | 2021-10-25 | 2024-10-31 | ユミコア | リチウムイオン充電式電池用正極活物質を製造するための金属酸化物生成物 |
| JP2023184449A (ja) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-12-28 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子及びその製造方法、リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子組成物及びそれらの製造方法 |
| JP7473713B2 (ja) | 2022-06-17 | 2024-04-23 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子及びその製造方法、リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子組成物及びそれらの製造方法 |
| WO2023243347A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-12-21 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子及びその製造方法、リチウムコバルト系複合酸化物粒子組成物及びそれらの製造方法 |
| WO2024128014A1 (ja) * | 2022-12-16 | 2024-06-20 | 住友化学株式会社 | 金属複合化合物粉末及びリチウム二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
| JP2024086255A (ja) * | 2022-12-16 | 2024-06-27 | 住友化学株式会社 | 金属複合化合物粉末及びリチウム二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
| JP7397156B1 (ja) | 2022-12-16 | 2023-12-12 | 住友化学株式会社 | 金属複合化合物粉末及びリチウム二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2014010448A1 (ja) | 2016-06-23 |
| KR101767888B1 (ko) | 2017-08-14 |
| KR20150030232A (ko) | 2015-03-19 |
| US20150188136A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
| US10084188B2 (en) | 2018-09-25 |
| JP6217636B2 (ja) | 2017-10-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6217636B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、ならびに該正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP7001081B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法、及び非水系電解質二次電池の製造方法 | |
| JP6167822B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、およびこれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5614513B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP6244713B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
| JP6578635B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP6201277B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法 | |
| JP6062818B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質およびその製造方法、並びに、非水電解質二次電池 | |
| JP6631320B2 (ja) | ニッケル複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、ならびに非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP7135855B2 (ja) | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP7293576B2 (ja) | 金属複合水酸化物とその製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び、それを用いた非水電解質二次電池 | |
| JP2010064944A (ja) | リチウムニッケル複合酸化物及びリチウムニッケル複合酸化物を正極活物質に用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5776996B2 (ja) | 非水系二次電池用正極活物質及びその正極活物質を用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| CN108370036A (zh) | 锂二次电池用正极活性物质、正极活性物质的前体的制造方法、正极活性物质的制造方法、锂二次电池用正极和锂二次电池 | |
| JP5076448B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法及びそれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5103923B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法及びそれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5181482B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 | |
| WO2015076323A1 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質及びその製造方法、並びに非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP2023040082A (ja) | 金属複合水酸化物とその製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、及び、それを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 | |
| JP5109447B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法及びそれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP4984593B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および、これを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP5045135B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質、その製造方法及びそれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP2013033764A (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質、及びそれを用いた非水系電解質二次電池 | |
| JP7194493B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質 | |
| JP7308586B2 (ja) | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13817080 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2014524741 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14411192 Country of ref document: US |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20157000525 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 13817080 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |