Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K15/10—Applying solid insulation to windings, stators or rotors, e.g. applying insulating tapes
  • H02K15/105—Applying solid insulation to windings, stators or rotors, e.g. applying insulating tapes to the windings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/30—Windings characterised by the insulating material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing a
• the invention also relates to an electric motor or electric generator which has a heat-shrinkable tube as a main insulation around at least a portion of an electrical conductor or conductor bundle of the reel spool.
• Electric generators usually have a stator and a rotor, with the aid of which - in the case of an electric motor - electrical energy into mechanical energy or - in the case of a generator - mechanical energy can be converted into electrical energy.
• Stator windings in electrical machines can be designed differently.
• a frequently used construction provides that a plurality of insulated against each other individual conductors are bundled and to provide the resulting conductor bundle, which is often referred to as a conductor bar, with a so-called main insulation.
• the conductor bars can be either roughened (so-called Röbel bars), ie with twisted individual conductors, or not rusted, ie with untwisted single conductors running parallel to one another.
• the thickness of the main insulation and thus the number of layers of the mica tapes depend on the rated voltage and the permissible electric field strength of the machine.
• the winding of prefabricated coils is complex and complicated, since depending on the geometry and bending radii usually not the entire coil can be wound mechanically and manual reworking is required. This is accompanied by a proven higher error rate in the hand-wound areas compared to the machine-wound sections.
• a winding of straight Röbelstäben is easier, but is still relatively expensive.
• the heat class / insulating class is of particular importance.
• a thermal class C 200 ° C
• a thermal class C 200 ° C
• a method for generating a main insulation around an electrical conductor of a coil or rod winding for an electric motor or generator, which is characterized in that at least one heat-shrinkable tube to at least one pre-insulated, electrical conductor or a pre-insulated, electrical conductor bundle is applied, and is subjected to at least one heat shrink tubing heat treatment, such that the
• the inventive method is characterized by simple applicability and excellent automation. In addition, it provides a large variability with respect to the insulating layer thickness and the cross section of the electrical conductors to be insulated or the coil to be insulated. According to a first advantageous development of the invention, it is further provided in the method according to the invention that the electrical conductor or the conductor bundle after the heat treatment is formed into a winding coil or a part of a winding coil.
• the heat treatment takes place by means of hot air, infrared light or laser light.
• the heat-shrinkable tube is applied to only one or more sections. sections of the electrical conductor or conductor bundle is raised.
• the section (s) is / are selected such that it corresponds to / correspond to a later parallel coil leg (s) of the reel spool.
• the shrink tube used in the method according to the invention contains or consists of a polyaryletherketone, a fluoropolymer, a polyamide or polyethylene terephthalate. It is also advantageous if, according to a further advantageous development, the heat-shrinkable tube has an adhesive on the inside facing the electrical conductor or conductor bundle. If the shrink tube contains a fluoropolymer, then this shrink tube can advantageously be a dual shrink tube.
• the present invention also includes an electric motor or generator which is characterized by comprising a shrink tube as a main insulation around at least a portion of an electrical conductor or bundle of wires of the reel spool. Further, it is advantageous if the electric motor or electric generator has a winding coil, which is produced by the method according to the invention or one of its advantageous developments and thereby has at least one new and inventive feature.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic, perspective view of a
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a cross section of an electrical conductor 1 with a surrounding this electrical conductor shrink tubing 2 in non-shrunk state.
• 3 shows a conductor bundle 3 with a plurality of substantially rectangular partial conductors 4 and a shrunk on the conductor bundle shrink tube 2.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a cross section of an electrical conductor 1 with a surrounding this electrical conductor shrink tubing 2 in non-shrunk state.
• 3 shows a conductor bundle 3 with a plurality of substantially rectangular partial conductors 4 and a shrunk on the conductor bundle shrink tube 2.
• the electrical conductor 1 or partial conductor 4 can consist of any material which is suitable as an electrical conductor or partial conductor for a coil of an electric motor or electric generator. Usually, this is a metal or a metal alloy. Due to the good electrical conductivity are often used for electrical conductors copper or a copper alloy.
• the cross-sectional shape of the conductor 1, partial conductor 4 or conductor bundle 3 can be arbitrary.
• the cross-sectional shape of the conductor 1 is essentially a circular shape.
• the present invention is not limited thereto.
• electrical sub-conductors 4 having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape are often used, as illustrated in FIG. 3 using the conductor bundle 3 shown there. If the sub-conductors 4 shown in FIG. 3 are arranged correspondingly, a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape of the conductor bundle 3 also results.
• Such electrical conductors and conductor bundles can, of course, likewise be electrically insulated by means of the method according to the invention.
• the individual conductors are usually themselves surrounded by a partial conductor insulation.
• an internal corona shield may be provided between the conductors and / or around the conductors.
• Shrinking hoses 2 are usually prefabricated hoses with a generally round cross-section.
• the shrink tubing 2 are stretched after production in the heated state and cooled. After cooling, the material of the shrink tubing 2 maintains its stretched shape. Upon renewed heating beyond the melting point of the crystalline centers, which fix the macromolecules in the cooled state in a stretched state, the crystalline centers dissolve, the macromolecules le again assume their unstretched state and thus the insulation is shrunk.
• the heat treatment of the at least one heat-shrinkable tube 2 preferably takes place by means of hot air, infrared light or laser light.
• the electrical conductor 1, 3, 4 enveloped with a heat-shrinkable tube 2 can be introduced or passed, for example, into a heating oven, an infrared chamber, or a laser chamber.
• care must be taken only that this on the one hand is sufficient to cause a sufficient shrinkage of the shrink tube 2, but on the other hand is not so strong that the material of the shrink tube 2 is adversely affected.
• any suitable heat treatment process can be used for the process according to the invention.
• the electrical conductor 1, 4 or the conductor bundle 3 is advantageously formed into a winding bobbin or a part of a winding bobbin for an electric motor or an electric generator.
• the conductor 1, 4 or conductor bundle is advantageously formed into a winding bobbin or a part of a winding bobbin for an electric motor or an electric generator.
• the insulation can be carried out with the shrink tube 2 over the entire length of the subsequent coil winding.
• the heat-shrinkable tube 2 it is also possible in an advantageous manner for the heat-shrinkable tube 2 to be formed only on one or more sections of the electrical conductor 1,
• the section (s) may be selected such that they correspond to one or more later parallel coil legs (n) of the reel spool.
• the amount of shrinking tube 2 required can advantageously be limited to the absolutely necessary level.
• the material of the heat-shrinkable tube 2 must meet the requirements with respect to the electrical insulation capability against the electrical voltages that occur in electric motors and generators. In addition, it must be ensured for which thermal class the machine is designed in which the electrical conductors 1, 4 or conductor bundles 3 insulated by means of a heat-shrinkable tube 2 are used.
• 220 ° C) are in particular shrink tubing 2 from the family of polyaryletherketones, e.g. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and fluoropolymers, e.g. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxyalkalane (perfluoroalkoxy polymer, PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene (FEP), fluoroelastomers etc.
• PEEK Polyetheretherketone
• fluoropolymers e.g. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxyalkalane (perfluoroalkoxy polymer, PFA), tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene (FEP), fluoroelastomers etc.
• PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
• PFA perfluoroalkoxyalkalane
• FEP tetrafluoroethylene
• shrink tubing 2 from the family of polyamides (PA) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
• PA polyamides
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• shrink tubing 2 consist of at least one compound of said classes of compounds, or at least one
• the heat-shrinkable tube 2 has an adhesive on the inside facing the electrical conductor 1, 4 or conductor bundle 3.
• This adhesive can, for example, provide a good connection to the pre-insulation of the metallic conductors 1, 3, 4.
• Adhesive may be any suitable adhesive, for example silicone adhesive or epoxy adhesive. Which adhesives are suitable is known to the person skilled in the art or can be found out by a few experiments.
• heat-shrinkable tubes 2 from the family of fluoropolymers are used, heat-shrinkable tubes can advantageously be used in the form of a so-called dual-tube. Dual hoses are usually coated with a thermoplastic inner adhesive. In a heat treatment, this inner adhesive is flowable.
• any suitable dimension can be selected.
• the appropriate measure (thickness) results in particular with regard to the required electrical insulation properties (partial discharge resistance, dielectric strength, etc.).
• more than one shrink tube can be shrunk as insulation according to the invention.
• an inner insulation layer of / with a first material and with the aid of a second heat-shrinkable tube 2 an outer insulation layer of / with a second material can be applied.
• further layers can be generated around a conductor 1, 4 or a conductor bundle 3.
• special requirements for the insulation of the conductor can be met (for example, with respect to bending strength, abrasion resistance, dielectric strength).
• Shrink tubing can be coated and insulated.
• the insulation In the production of coil and bar windings of electric motors and generators, in particular when bending the conductors and when installed in the stator, the insulation must have a sufficiently high mechanical strength.
• the voltage present in the conductor or sub-conductors and the stator create an electric field, by which the insulation is subjected to dielectric stress.
• the insulation is also thermally stressed by the heat generated during operation of the machines in the conductor or in the sub-conductors.
• the present invention proposes an easy-to-use method for producing a main insulation of electrical conductors 1, 3, 4 in winding coils, which not only enables a high degree of automation, but also very variable with respect to the material of the shrink tubing used, the insulating layer thickness and the cross section of the coil to be insulated.
• the thus applied to a conductor 1, 4 and a conductor bundle 3 main insulation meets all the requirements specified above.
• shrink tubing 2 on an electrical conductor 1, 3, 4 requires no complex facilities (machines) and can be automated throughout.
• shrink tubes 2 are available in various materials, diameter gradations, wall thicknesses and shrinkage ratios.
• the insulation can be easily adjusted via the corresponding shrinkage ratio and the corresponding diameter takes into account the coil cross section.
• the thus insulated coil windings can then be impregnated, for example, by means of a vacuum pressure impregnation method (VPI) or further modified for groove installation with subsequent full encapsulation.
• VPN vacuum pressure impregnation method
• the present invention also relates to an electric motor and electric generator, each of which is characterized in that around at least a portion of an electrical conductor 1, 4 or conductor bundle 3 of its winding spool a shrink tube 2 as a main insulation is present. Furthermore, the present invention also encompasses an electric motor or electric generator, which is characterized in that its winding coil is produced by one of the methods described above.
• the main insulation in coil and bar windings of electric motors and generators can be eliminated and at the same time the production costs for the production of coil and bar windings and thus also the total costs for the production of electric motors and electric generators can be reduced.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=48746498

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (1)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2012
  • 2012-07-13 DE DE201210212288 patent/DE102012212288A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-07-02 WO PCT/EP2013/063884 patent/WO2014009199A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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