WO2014007398A1 - カチオン性脂質 - Google Patents
カチオン性脂質 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014007398A1 WO2014007398A1 PCT/JP2013/068682 JP2013068682W WO2014007398A1 WO 2014007398 A1 WO2014007398 A1 WO 2014007398A1 JP 2013068682 W JP2013068682 W JP 2013068682W WO 2014007398 A1 WO2014007398 A1 WO 2014007398A1
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- compound
- nucleic acid
- carbon atoms
- cationic lipid
- octadeca
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- 0 CN(*)*C(*)I*OC(N(*)*)=O Chemical compound CN(*)*C(*)I*OC(N(*)*)=O 0.000 description 3
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
- C12N15/1137—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing against enzymes
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/87—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
- C12N15/88—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation using microencapsulation, e.g. using amphiphile liposome vesicle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/111—General methods applicable to biologically active non-coding nucleic acids
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- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/14—Type of nucleic acid interfering nucleic acids [NA]
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- C12N2320/00—Applications; Uses
- C12N2320/30—Special therapeutic applications
- C12N2320/32—Special delivery means, e.g. tissue-specific
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cationic lipid that facilitates introduction of a nucleic acid into a cell, for example, a composition containing the cationic lipid, and the like.
- Cationic lipids are amphiphilic molecules having a lipophilic region containing one or more hydrocarbon groups and a hydrophilic region containing at least one positively charged polar head group.
- Cationic lipids and macromolecules such as nucleic acids form a positively charged complex that makes it easy for macromolecules such as nucleic acids to pass through the plasma membrane of the cell and enter the cytoplasm.
- Lipids are useful. This process, which can be performed in vitro and in vivo, is known as transfection.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 include cationic lipids and the lipids that are advantageous for delivering nucleic acids into cells in vivo and for use in nucleic acid-lipid particle compositions suitable for disease treatment Lipid particles are disclosed. In Patent Document 1, for example,
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cationic lipid that facilitates introduction of a nucleic acid into, for example, a cell, a composition containing the cationic lipid, and the like.
- the present invention relates to the following (1) to (22).
- (1) Formula (A)
- R 1 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 2 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl
- R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and are alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or are combined to form alkylene having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or R 3 is combined with R 5
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, amino, monoalkylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, carbamoyl, monoalkylcarbamoyl, dialkylcarb
- R 6 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 7 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl), or a formula (C)
- R 8 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 9 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl
- X 3 is alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- R 10 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms).
- R 1 , R 2 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are tetradecyl, hexadecyl, (Z) -tetradec-9-enyl, (Z) -hexadeca-9-enyl, (Z), respectively.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are (Z) -octadeca-9-enyl, (9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyl or (11Z, The cationic lipid according to (1) above, which is 14Z) -icosa-11,14-dienyl.
- X 1 is alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- X 2 is a single bond or methylene.
- X 3 is methylene or ethylene.
- the cationic lipid and the nucleic acid form a complex, or a combination of the cationic lipid with a neutral lipid and / or polymer and the nucleic acid form a complex
- the cationic lipid and the nucleic acid form a complex, or a combination of the cationic lipid with a neutral lipid and / or a polymer and the nucleic acid form a complex.
- RNAi RNA interference
- composition according to (12), wherein the target gene is a gene expressed in the liver, lung, kidney or spleen is a method for introducing the nucleic acid into a cell using the composition according to any one of (9) to (13).
- the method according to (14) above, wherein the cells are cells in the liver, lung, kidney or spleen of a mammal.
- the method according to the above (14) or (15), wherein the method of introducing into a cell is a method of introducing into the cell by intravenous administration of the composition.
- composition containing the cationic lipid and nucleic acid of the present invention can be easily introduced into cells, for example, by administering the composition to mammals or the like.
- Example 49 The preparation obtained in Example 49 (preparation using each of compounds A-1, 3 to 5) and the preparation obtained in Comparative Example 1 (DLin-KC2-DMA and each of compounds XI-1 to 3 were used. Shows the expression rate of target gene mRNA after introduction of the above-mentioned preparation into human liver cancer-derived cell line HepG2.
- the vertical axis shows the mRNA expression rate of the target gene when the negative control is 1, and the horizontal axis shows the nucleic acid concentration (nM) and the compound number of the cationic lipid used.
- Example 49 About each of the preparation obtained in Example 49 (preparation using each of compounds A-1 to 5) and the preparation obtained in Comparative Example 1 (preparation using DLin-KC2-MDA), the siRNA was 0.3 mg in each mouse. The value of serum cholesterol at 48 hours after administration of the equivalent of / kg is shown. The vertical axis represents the relative value of serum cholesterol when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- Formulation obtained in Example 49 (formulation using each of compounds A-1 to 5) and formulation obtained in Comparative Example 1 (formulation using each of DLin-KC2-MDA and compounds XI-1 to 3) ) Shows serum cholesterol levels 48 hours after administration of siRNA 3 mg / kg equivalent to each mouse.
- the vertical axis represents the relative value of serum cholesterol when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- each mouse was administered an equivalent amount of siRNA 0.3 mg / kg for 48 hours.
- the concentration of Factor VII protein in plasma afterwards is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- each mouse was given an equivalent amount of 0.3 mg / kg siRNA for 48 hours.
- the concentration of Factor VII protein in plasma afterwards is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- the equivalent of siRNA 0.3 mg / kg was administered to the mice 48 hours after administration of the Factor VII protein in plasma. Indicates the concentration.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- the concentration of Factor VII protein in plasma is shown 48 hours after administration of an equivalent amount of siRNA 0.3 mg / kg to each mouse.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- the concentration of Factor VII protein in plasma is shown 48 hours after administration of an equivalent amount of siRNA 0.3 mg / kg to each mouse.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- the concentration of Factor VII protein in plasma is shown 48 hours after administration of an equivalent amount of siRNA 0.3 mg / kg to each mouse.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- Each of the preparations obtained in Example 52 or 53 (preparation using each of compounds A-1, A-6, A-7, A-10, A-12, B-8 and C-1) Shows the concentration of Factor VII protein in plasma 48 hours after administration of siRNA 0.3 or 0.1 mg / kg equivalent.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100. ⁇ indicates the 0.3 mg / kg administration group, and ⁇ indicates the 0.1 mg / kg administration group.
- siRNA 0.3 or 0.03 mg / kg equivalent amount was administered to the mice 48 hours after administration of Factor VII in plasma. Indicates the protein concentration.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- ⁇ indicates the 0.3 mg / kg administration group, and ⁇ indicates the 0.03 mg / kg administration group.
- the concentration of Factor VII protein in plasma was determined 48 hours after administration of siRNA ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.3 or 0.03 mg / kg equivalent to each mouse. Show.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100. ⁇ indicates the 0.3 mg / kg administration group, and ⁇ indicates the 0.03 mg / kg administration group.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- ⁇ indicates the 0.3 mg / kg administration group, and ⁇ indicates the 0.03 mg / kg administration group.
- plasma was 48 hours after administration of siRNA 0.3 or 0.1 mg / kg equivalent to each mouse.
- the vertical axis shows the relative value of the Factor VII protein concentration in plasma when the physiological saline administration group is 100.
- ⁇ indicates the 0.3 mg / kg administration group, and ⁇ indicates the 0.1 mg / kg administration group.
- the cationic lipid of the present invention is Formula (A)
- R 1 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 2 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl
- R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and are alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or are combined to form alkylene having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or R 3 is combined with R 5
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkenyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, amino, monoalkylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, carbamoyl, monoalkylcarbamoyl, dialkylcarb
- R 6 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 7 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl), or a formula (C)
- R 8 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 9 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl
- X 3 is alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- R 10 is a cationic lipid represented by a hydrogen atom or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the compound represented by the formula (A) may be referred to as the compound (A). The same applies to the compounds of other formula numbers.
- linear or branched alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms examples include octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, 2,6,10-trimethylundecyl, pentadecyl, 3,7,11-trimethyldodecyl, Hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-yl, nonadecyl, 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecyl, icosyl, 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecyl, henicosyl , Docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl and the like.
- the straight-chain or branched alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms may be any straight-chain or branched alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms containing one or more double bonds.
- the linear or branched alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms may be any linear or branched alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms containing one or more triple bonds.
- the linear or branched alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms may be any linear or branched alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms containing one or more triple bonds.
- Examples of the alkyl moiety in alkoxyethyl and alkoxypropyl include groups exemplified in the above-mentioned linear or branched alkyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkenyl moiety in alkenyloxyethyl and alkenyloxypropyl include groups exemplified in the above-mentioned linear or branched alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkynyl moiety in alkynyloxyethyl and alkynyloxypropyl include the groups exemplified in the above-mentioned linear or branched alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably the same or different and are linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and are the same or different and are linear or straight chain having 8 to 24 carbon atoms. Alternatively, branched alkenyl is more preferable, and straight-chain alkenyl having the same or different carbon number of 8 to 24 is more preferable.
- R 1 and R 2 are more preferably the same, and in that case, they are more preferably straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, More preferably, it is 12 to 24 linear alkenyl.
- R 1 and R 2 when different, R 1 is a 16 to 24 carbon atoms linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, straight-chain R 2 is 8 to 12 carbon atoms like or Branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl is also a preferred form of the invention.
- R 1 is preferably straight-chain alkenyl having 16 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 2 is more preferably straight-chain alkyl having 8 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 1 is (Z) -octadeca- Most preferably, it is 9-enyl or (9Z, 12Z) -octadec-9,12-dienyl and R 2 is octyl, decyl or dodecyl.
- R 1 and R 2 are different, R 1 is straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and R 2 is alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyl Oxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl is also a preferred form of the present invention.
- R 1 is a straight-chain alkenyl having 16 to 24 carbon atoms
- R 2 is more preferably alkenyloxy ethyl
- R 1 is (Z) - octadec-9-enyl, ( 9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyl or (11Z, 14Z) -icosa-11,14-dienyl
- R 2 is (Z) -octadeca-9-enyloxyethyl, (9Z, 12Z) More preferably, it is -octadeca-9,12-dienyloxyethyl or (11Z, 14Z) -icosa-11,14-dienyloxyethyl
- R 1 is (9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12 Most preferred is -dienyl and R 2 is (9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyloxyethyl.
- R 1 and / or R 2 are the same or different and are linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, they are the same or different, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, (Z) -tetradeca- 9-enyl, (Z) -hexadeca-9-enyl, (Z) -octadeca-6-enyl, (Z) -octadeca-9-enyl, (E) -octadec-9-enyl, (Z) -octadeca- 11-enyl, (9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyl, (9Z, 12Z, 15Z) -octadeca-9,12,15-trienyl, (Z) -icosa-11-enyl, (11Z, 14Z ) -Icosa-11,14-dienyl or (Z)
- R 6 and R 7 are synonymous with R 1 and R 2 , respectively.
- R 7 is a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group having 16 to 24 carbon atoms, R 6 and R 7 are identically (9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12- Dienyl is preferred.
- R 8 and R 9 are synonymous with R 1 and R 2 , respectively.
- R 8 and R 9 are preferably the same, straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 16 to 24 carbon atoms, and the same (9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12- More preferred is dienyl.
- Examples of the alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in R 3 and R 4 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and cyclopropyl, preferably methyl and ethyl, and more preferably methyl.
- alkylene having 2 to 8 carbon atoms formed by R 3 and R 4 together examples include, for example, ethylene, n-propylene, n-butylene, n-pentylene, n-hexylene, n-heptylene, n-octylene and the like. N-pentylene, n-hexylene, n-heptylene, etc. are preferred, n-pentylene, n-hexylene and the like are more preferred, and n-hexylene is more preferred.
- R 3 is methyl or ethyl, forms an alkylene group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms with R 4 , or forms an alkylene group with 3 to 5 carbon atoms together with R 5 it is preferred, however, if R 3 does not form an alkylene of 5 to 7 carbon atoms together with R 4 is preferably R 4 is methyl or ethyl, more preferably methyl.
- R 3 is methyl, or together with R 4 forms n-pentylene or n-hexylene, or R 3 together with R 5 forms ethylene, n-propylene. is more preferable, however, if R 3 do not form together with R 4 n- pentylene or n- hexylene more preferably, R 4 is methyl.
- alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms for R 5 examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopropylmethyl, pentyl, isopentyl, sec- Examples include pentyl, neopentyl, tert-pentyl, cyclopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl and the like, preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert- Examples include pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, and more preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, and the like.
- alkenyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms in R 5 examples include allyl, 1-propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, and preferably allyl.
- the monoalkylamino in R 5 may be any amino substituted with one, for example, an alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (as defined above), such as methylamino, ethylamino, propylamino, butylamino, pentyl Amino, hexylamino and the like are preferable, and methylamino, ethylamino and the like are preferable.
- amino and monoalkylamino may each be coordinated by a hydrogen ion to a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom to form ammonio and monoalkylammonio. Each include ammonio and monoalkylammonio.
- ammonio and monoalkylammonio in which a hydrogen ion is coordinated to a lone electron pair on the nitrogen atom of amino and monoalkylamino may form a salt with a pharmaceutically acceptable anion.
- the alkoxy in R 5 may be, for example, hydroxy substituted with alkyl having 1 to 6 carbons (as defined above), and examples thereof include methoxy, ethoxy, propyloxy, butyloxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy and the like. Preferred examples include methoxy and ethoxy.
- Examples of monoalkylcarbamoyl and dialkylcarbamoyl in R 5 include carbamoyl substituted with one and the same or different two, for example, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (as defined above), and more specifically Is methylcarbamoyl, ethylcarbamoyl, propylcarbamoyl, butylcarbamoyl, pentylcarbamoyl, hexylcarbamoyl, dimethylcarbamoyl, diethylcarbamoyl, ethylmethylcarbamoyl, methylpropylcarbamoyl, butylmethylcarbamoyl, methylpentylcarbamoyl, hexylmethylcarbamoyl, etc. Includes methylcarbamoyl, ethylcarbamoyl, dimethylcarbamoyl and the like.
- alkylene having 2 to 6 carbon atoms formed by R 5 and R 3 together examples include ethylene, n-propylene, n-butylene, n-pentylene, n-hexylene and the like, and preferably n- Examples include propylene, n-butylene and n-pentylene, more preferably n-propylene and n-butylene, and still more preferably n-propylene.
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, monoalkylamino, hydroxy, alkoxy, or 1 or 3 carbon atoms substituted with 1 to 3 amino, monoalkylamino, hydroxy or alkoxy, which are the same or different.
- Examples of the alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in R 10 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl and the like, preferably methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and the like, more preferably methyl, ethyl and the like. Can be given.
- R 10 is more preferably a hydrogen atom or methyl, and most preferably a hydrogen atom.
- alkylene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in X 1 and X 2 examples include methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, n-butylene, n-pentylene, n-hexylene and the like.
- X 1 is preferably alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, most preferably methylene or ethylene, and X 2 is preferably a single bond, methylene or ethylene, and is a single bond or methylene. More preferably. The sum of the carbon number of X 1 and X 2 is preferably 1 to 3, and most preferably 2.
- R 3 and R 4 are the same or different and are methyl or ethyl
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, methyl, amino, methylamino, hydroxy, methoxy, or the same or different 1 to 3 Methyl substituted with one amino or hydroxy, or R 3 and R 4 together form an alkylene having 5 to 7 carbon atoms
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, methyl, amino, methylamino, hydroxy, Methoxy, or methyl identically or differently substituted with 1 to 3 amino or hydroxy
- R 3 and R 5 together form an alkylene of 3 to 5 carbon atoms and R 4 is methyl or
- R 3 and R 4 are methyl
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or R 3 and R 4 together form n-pentylene or n-hexylene
- R 5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen Or a child, or R 3 and R 5 form together n- propylene, more
- alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in X 3 examples include methylene, ethylene, n-propylene and the like, preferably methylene, ethylene and the like.
- Each oxygen atom in formula (A) may be replaced by a sulfur atom.
- compound Aa is represented by a Lawson reagent (Lawesson's Reagent, 2 1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane-2,4 such as 4-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane-2,4-disulfide) -It can be obtained by acting a disulfide derivative.
- Lawson reagent Lawesson's Reagent, 2 1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane-2,4 such as 4-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane-2,4-disulfide
- the cationic lipid of the present invention may form a salt with a pharmaceutically acceptable anion when a hydrogen ion is coordinated to a lone pair of electrons on any nitrogen atom.
- examples of the pharmaceutically acceptable anion include inorganic ions such as chloride ion, bromide ion, nitrate ion, sulfate ion and phosphate ion, acetate ion, oxalate ion, maleate ion, and fumarate ion.
- organic acid ions such as citrate ion, benzoate ion, and methanesulfonate ion.
- the compound (Ia) in which R 2 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms can be produced by the following method.
- R 11 is a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms or Alkynyl
- Y represents a leaving group such as chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom, trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy, methanesulfonyloxy, benzenesulfonyloxy, p-toluenesulfonyloxy
- Ar is p-nitrophenyl
- o represents a substituted phenyl group or an unsubstituted phenyl group such as -nitrophenyl and p-chlorophenyl
- Step 1 and 2 Compound (IIa) is a mixture of ammonia and compound (IIIa) in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base, at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. for 5 minutes to 100 hours. It can be produced by reacting. Further, compound (IIb) is obtained by reacting compound (IIa) and compound (IIIb) in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base, at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. It can be produced by reacting for 5 minutes to 100 hours.
- solvent examples include methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dioxane, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N -Dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, pyridine, water and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used alone or in combination.
- Examples of the base include potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, pyridine, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7- Undecene (DBU).
- Compound (IIIa) and Compound (IIIb) are commercially available products or known methods (for example, ⁇ 5th edition, Experimental Chemistry Course 13, Synthesis of Organic Compounds I '', 5th edition, p.374, Maruzen (2005)). Or it can obtain by the method according to it.
- Compound (IIb) in the case where R 1 and R 11 are the same can be obtained by using 2 equivalents or more of compound (IIIa) in Step 1.
- Compound (VI) is obtained by reacting Compound (IV) with Compound (V) in the absence of or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and / or preferably 1 to 10 if necessary. It can be prepared by reacting in the presence of an equivalent amount of base at a temperature between ⁇ 20 ° C. and 150 ° C. for 5 minutes to 72 hours.
- Examples of the solvent include dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, dioxane, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, Examples thereof include N-methylpyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide, and these can be used alone or in combination.
- Examples of the additive include 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like.
- Examples of the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2. Compound (IV) can be obtained as a commercial product.
- Compound (V) is a commercially available product or a known method (for example, “5th edition Experimental Chemistry Course 14 Synthesis of Organic Compounds II”, 5th edition, p.1, Maruzen (2005)) or a method analogous thereto. Can be obtained at
- Compound (Ia) is compound (IIb), compound (VI), and in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and / or preferably 1 to 10 It can be prepared by reacting in the presence of an equivalent amount of base at a temperature between ⁇ 20 ° C. and 150 ° C. for 5 minutes to 72 hours.
- the solvent and the additive include those exemplified in Step 3.
- Examples of the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- Compound (IIb) can also be produced by the following method.
- Boc represents a tert-butoxycarbonyl group
- Ns represents a 2-nitrobenzenesulfonyl group
- Compound (IIc) comprises N- (tert-butoxycarbonyl) -2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide and compound (IIIa) in the absence of or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and It can be produced by reacting for 5 minutes to 100 hours at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C., preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base as necessary.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- the additive include n-tetrabutylammonium iodide, sodium iodide and the like.
- Examples of the base include cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, pyridine, DBU and the like.
- Compound (IId) is obtained by adding compound (IIc) at a temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C. and 150 ° C. with 1 equivalent to a large excess of acid, without solvent or in a solvent, and preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive. It can be produced by treating at a temperature between 5 minutes and 72 hours.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- the acid include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, trifluoroacetic acid and the like.
- the additive include thioanisole, dimethyl sulfide, triisopropylsilane and the like.
- Compound (IIe) comprises compound (IIIb) and compound (IId) in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and / or preferably 1 to 10 equivalents if necessary.
- a base at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. for 5 minutes to 100 hours.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- the additive and the base include those exemplified in Step 5.
- Process 8 Compound (IIb) comprises compound (IIe) and a thiol compound in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base, at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C.
- Examples of the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- Examples of the thiol compound include methanethiol, ethanethiol, dodecanethiol, thiophenol, mercaptoacetic acid, and the like.
- Examples of the base include those exemplified in Step 5.
- R 2 is alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl
- compound (Ib) can be produced by the following method.
- R 1 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , X 1 , X 2 , Y and Ar are as defined above, and R 12 is alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, (Alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl, Ms represents a methanesulfonyl group)
- Step 9 Compound (IIf) is obtained by reacting Compound (IIa) and Compound (IIIc) in the absence of a solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base, at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. for 5 minutes. It can be produced by reacting for ⁇ 100 hours.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- Step 10 Compound (Ib) is compound (IIf), compound (VI), and in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and / or preferably 1 to 10 It can be prepared by reacting at a temperature between ⁇ 20 ° C. and 150 ° C. for 5 minutes to 72 hours in the presence of an equivalent amount of base.
- the solvent and the additive include those exemplified in Step 3.
- Examples of the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- Compound (IIIc) can be produced by the following method.
- R 13 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, X 4 represents ethylene or n-propylene, and Ms represents a methanesulfonyl group
- Step 11 Compound (VIIb) is obtained by reacting Compound (VIIa) with Compound (VIII) in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base, at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. It can be produced by reacting for from 100 minutes to 100 minutes.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Step 3.
- the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- Compound (VIIa) is a commercially available product or a known method (for example, “5th edition, Experimental Chemistry Course 14, Synthesis of Organic Compounds II”, 5th edition, p.1, Maruzen (2005)) or a method analogous thereto. Can be obtained at Compound (VIII) can be obtained as a commercial product.
- Compound (IIIc) is obtained by reacting Compound (VIIb) with a mesylating reagent in the absence of a solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of base, at a temperature between ⁇ 20 ° C. and 150 ° C. for 5 minutes. It can be produced by reacting for ⁇ 72 hours.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Step 3.
- the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- the mesylation reagent include mesyl anhydride, mesylate chloride and the like.
- Compound (IIf) can also be produced by the following method.
- Compound (IIg) comprises compound (IIIc) and compound (IId) in the absence of a solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and / or preferably 1 to 10 equivalents if necessary. In the presence of a base at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. for 5 minutes to 100 hours.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- the additive and the base include those exemplified in Step 5.
- Process 14 Compound (IIf) comprises compound (IIg) and a thiol compound in a solvent-free or solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base, at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C.
- Examples of the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- Examples of the thiol compound include those exemplified in Step 8.
- Examples of the base include those exemplified in Step 5.
- compound (Ba) in which R 7 is linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl having 8 to 24 carbon atoms can be obtained by the method for producing compound (IIb).
- compound (Bc) in which R 7 is alkoxyethyl, alkoxypropyl, alkenyloxyethyl, alkenyloxypropyl, alkynyloxyethyl or alkynyloxypropyl can be obtained by the method for producing compound (IIf). it can.
- Compound (C) can be produced by the following method.
- Compound (C) comprises compound (IIh) and compound (Xa) in the absence of solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and / or preferably 1 to 10 equivalents if necessary.
- a base at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. for 5 minutes to 100 hours.
- the solvent and the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2, respectively.
- the additive include those exemplified in Step 5.
- Compound (IIh) can be obtained by the production method of compound (B).
- Compound (Xa) is a commercially available product or a known method (for example, ⁇ 5th edition Experimental Chemistry Course 13 Synthesis of Organic Compounds I '', 5th edition, p.374, Maruzen (2005)) or a method analogous thereto. Obtainable.
- Compound (Ca) in which R 10 is a hydrogen atom after compound (C) can also be produced by the following method.
- R 8 , R 9 , X 3 and Y are as defined above, and Pro is trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tritert-butylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, tert-butyldiphenylsilyl, triphenylsilyl, etc.
- Pro is trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, tritert-butylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, tert-butyldiphenylsilyl, triphenylsilyl, etc.
- Compound (IXa) comprises compound (IIh) and compound (Xb) in the absence of a solvent or in a solvent, preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive, and / or preferably 1 to 10 equivalents if necessary.
- a base at a temperature between room temperature and 200 ° C. for 5 minutes to 100 hours.
- the solvent and the base include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2, respectively.
- the additive include those exemplified in Step 5.
- Compound (IIh) can be obtained by the production method of compound (B).
- Compound (Xb) is a commercially available product or a known method (for example, ⁇ 5th edition, Experimental Chemistry Course 18, Synthesis of Organic Compounds VI '', 5th edition, p.171-172, Maruzen (2005)) or in accordance with it. Can be obtained by the method.
- Step 17 Compound (Ca) can be produced by reacting compound (IXa) and a deprotection reagent in the absence of solvent or in a solvent at a temperature between ⁇ 20 ° C. and 150 ° C. for 5 minutes to 72 hours.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Steps 1 and 2.
- the deprotecting reagent include tetrabutylammonium fluoride, hydrogen fluoride pyridine complex, fluorine compounds such as hydrofluoric acid, and the like, acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, pyridinium paratoluenesulfonate, hydrochloric acid, and the like.
- the compound (Cb) in which R 10 is a hydrogen atom and X 3 is alkylene having 2 carbon atoms can also be produced by the following method. (Wherein R 8 and R 9 are as defined above)
- Process 18 Compound (IXb) is obtained by reacting Compound (IIh) with room temperature and 200 ° C., preferably in the presence of 1 to a large excess of ethyl acrylate, without solvent or in a solvent, and preferably in the presence of 1 to 10 equivalents of a base. By reacting at a temperature between 5 minutes and 100 hours.
- the solvent include those exemplified in Step 1.
- the base include potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, pyridine, DBU and the like.
- Compound (Cb) is a compound between -20 ° C. and 150 ° C. in the presence of compound (IXb), preferably 1 to 10 equivalents of a reducing agent, and preferably 1 to 10 equivalents of an additive in a solvent. It can be produced by reacting at a temperature for 5 minutes to 72 hours.
- the solvent include tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, toluene and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination.
- the reducing agent include lithium aluminum hydride, aluminum hydride, diisobutylaluminum hydride, sodium triacetoxyborohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, and borane.
- the additive include aluminum chloride, cerium chloride, iron chloride, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and the like.
- the intermediates and target compounds in each of the above production methods are isolated and purified by separation and purification methods commonly used in organic synthetic chemistry, such as filtration, extraction, washing, drying, concentration, recrystallization, and various chromatography. be able to.
- the intermediate can be subjected to the next reaction without any particular purification.
- a hydrogen ion may be coordinated to a lone pair on the nitrogen atom in the structure, and in that case, a salt is formed with a pharmaceutically acceptable anion (as defined above).
- the cationic lipid of the present invention includes a compound in which a hydrogen ion is coordinated to a lone electron pair on the nitrogen atom.
- Some of the cationic lipids of the present invention may have stereoisomers such as geometric isomers and optical isomers, tautomers and the like, but the cationic lipids of the present invention include these, Includes all possible isomers and mixtures thereof.
- a part or all of each atom in the cationic lipid of the present invention may be replaced by a corresponding isotope atom, and the compound (A), the compound (B) or the compound (C) Also included are compounds replaced by For example, some or all of the hydrogen atoms in the compound (A), the compound (B), or the compound (C) may be hydrogen atoms (deuterium atoms) having an atomic weight of 2.
- a compound in which a part or all of each atom in the cationic lipid of the present invention is replaced with a corresponding isotope atom can be produced by a method similar to each of the above production methods using a commercially available building block. it can.
- a compound in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms in the compound (A), the compound (B) or the compound (C) are replaced with a deuterium atom is obtained using, for example, an iridium complex as a catalyst and deuterium as a deuterium source.
- cationic lipid of the present invention obtained by the present invention are shown in Tables 1-7.
- the cationic lipid of the present invention is not limited to these.
- the nucleic acid used in the present invention may be any molecule as long as it is a molecule in which nucleotides and / or molecules having functions equivalent to nucleotides are polymerized, for example, ribonucleic acid that is a polymer of ribonucleotides.
- RNA ribonucleic acid
- DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
- chimeric nucleic acids composed of RNA and DNA chimeric nucleic acids composed of RNA and DNA
- nucleic acid of the present invention a derivative containing at least a part of a structure of a molecule obtained by polymerizing nucleotides and / or molecules having functions equivalent to nucleotides is also included in the nucleic acid of the present invention.
- uracil U and thymine T can be replaced with each other.
- nucleotide derivatives examples include nucleotide derivatives.
- the nucleotide derivative may be any molecule as long as it is a modified molecule, for example, in order to improve nuclease resistance or stabilize from other degradation factors compared to RNA or DNA, for example.
- a molecule in which ribonucleotide or deoxyribonucleotide is modified is preferably used.
- nucleotide derivatives include sugar-modified nucleotides, phosphodiester bond-modified nucleotides, base-modified nucleotides, and the like.
- any or all of the nucleotide sugar chemical structure may be modified or substituted with an arbitrary substituent, or substituted with an arbitrary atom. 2'-modified nucleotides are preferably used.
- Examples of the modifying group in the sugar moiety-modified nucleotide include 2′-cyano, 2′-alkyl, 2′-substituted alkyl, 2′-alkenyl, 2′-substituted alkenyl, 2′-halogen and 2′-O-cyano.
- sugar-modified nucleotides for example, a crosslinked structure-type artificial nucleic acid (BNA) having a structure in which a modification group at the 2 ′ position is crosslinked to a carbon atom at the 4 ′ position, more specifically, 2 ′ Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) in which the oxygen atom at position 4 and the carbon atom at 4 'position are cross-linked via methylene, and Ethylene bridged nucleic acid (ENA) [Nucleic Acid Research , 32, e175 (2004)] and the like, and these are included in 2′-modified nucleotides.
- peptide nucleic acids PNA
- OPNA oxypeptide nucleic acids
- PRNA Peptide ribonucleic acid
- 2'-cyano, 2'-halogen, 2'-O-cyano, 2'-alkyl, 2'-substituted alkyl, 2'-O-alkyl, 2'-O-substituted as a modifying group in sugar modified nucleotide Preferred are alkyl, 2′-O-alkenyl, 2′-O-substituted alkenyl, 2′-Se-alkyl, 2′-Se-substituted alkyl, etc.
- the modifying group in the sugar moiety-modified nucleotide can also define a preferred range from its size, and from the size of fluoro, the one corresponding to the size of -O-butyl is preferable, and the size of -O-methyl To the equivalent of -O-ethyl.
- the alkyl in the modifying group in the sugar moiety-modified nucleotide is synonymous with the alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the definition of the cationic lipid of the present invention.
- Examples of the alkenyl in the modifying group in the sugar moiety-modified nucleotide include alkenyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, such as allyl, 1-propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl and the like.
- Examples of the halogen in the modifying group in the sugar moiety-modified nucleotide include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- amino acids in amino acid residues include aliphatic amino acids (specifically, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, etc.), hydroxy amino acids (specifically, serine, threonine, etc.), acidic amino acids (specifically, Is aspartic acid, glutamic acid, etc.), acidic amino acid amide (specifically, asparagine, glutamine, etc.), basic amino acid (specifically, lysine, hydroxylysine, arginine, ornithine, etc.), sulfur-containing amino acid (specifically, Cysteine, cystine, methionine, etc.), imino acids (specifically, proline, 4-hydroxyproline, etc.) and the like.
- aliphatic amino acids specifically, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, etc.
- hydroxy amino acids specifically, serine, threonine, etc.
- acidic amino acids specifically, Is aspartic
- Examples of the substituted alkyl in the modified group in the sugar-modified nucleotide and the substituent in the substituted alkenyl include halogen (as defined above), hydroxy, sulfanyl, amino, oxo, -O-alkyl (the alkyl portion of the -O-alkyl is -S-alkyl (the alkyl part of the -S-alkyl is the same as the alkyl), -NH-alkyl (the alkyl part of the -NH-alkyl is the same as the alkyl), dialkylaminooxy ( The two alkyl moieties of the dialkylaminooxy are the same or different and have the same meaning as the alkyl), the dialkylamino (the two alkyl parts of the dialkylamino are the same or different and have the same meaning as the alkyl), the dialkylaminoalkyloxy (the dialkylamino The two alkyl moieties of alkyloxy are the
- the phosphodiester bond-modified nucleotide is any nucleotide that has been modified or substituted with an arbitrary substituent for a part or all of the chemical structure of the phosphodiester bond of the nucleotide, or with any atom.
- a nucleotide in which a phosphodiester bond is replaced with a phosphorothioate bond a nucleotide in which a phosphodiester bond is replaced with a phosphorodithioate bond
- a nucleotide in which a phosphodiester bond is replaced with an alkylphosphonate bond a phosphate
- Examples thereof include nucleotides in which a diester bond is substituted with a phosphoramidate bond.
- any or all of the nucleotide base chemical structure modified or substituted with an arbitrary substituent or substituted with an arbitrary atom may be used.
- oxygen atoms are substituted with sulfur atoms
- hydrogen atoms are substituted with alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- methyl groups are substituted with hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups with 2 to 6 carbon atoms
- Examples thereof include those in which an amino group is protected with a protecting group such as an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkanoyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- nucleotide derivative a nucleotide, sugar moiety, phosphodiester bond or nucleotide derivative modified with at least one of a base, a lipid, phospholipid, phenazine, folate, phenanthridine, anthraquinone, acridine, fluorescein, rhodamine, coumarin, Examples include dyes and other chemical substances added.
- 5′-polyamine-added nucleotide derivatives examples include fluorescent dye (Cy3) -added nucleotide derivatives, red fluorescent dye (Cy5) -added nucleotide derivatives, fluorescein (6-FAM) -added nucleotide derivatives, and biotin-added nucleotide derivatives.
- the nucleotide or nucleotide derivative is different from other nucleotides or nucleotide derivatives in the nucleic acid with an alkylene structure, a peptide structure, a nucleotide structure, an ether structure, an ester structure, and at least one of these.
- a cross-linked structure such as a combined structure may be formed.
- the nucleic acid used in the present invention is preferably a nucleic acid that suppresses the expression of the target gene, and more preferably a nucleic acid that has an action of suppressing the expression of the target gene using RNA interference (RNAi).
- RNAi RNA interference
- the target gene in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a gene that produces and expresses mRNA, for example, a gene related to tumor or inflammation is preferable, for example, vascular endothelial growth factor (hereinafter referred to as VEGF).
- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
- VEGFR vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
- fibroblast growth factor fibroblast growth factor receptor
- platelet-derived growth factor platelet-derived growth factor
- platelet-derived growth factor receptor hepatocyte Growth factor
- Kruppel-like factor (KLF) express sequence tag (Ets) transcription factor, nuclear factor, hypoxia-inducible factor, cell cycle-related factor, chromosome replication Related factors, chromosome repair-related factors, microtubule-related factors, growth signal pathway-related factors, growth-related transcription factors, apoptosis-related factors, etc. And the like.
- VEGF gene VEGFR gene
- fibroblast growth factor gene fibroblast growth factor receptor gene
- platelet-derived growth factor gene platelet-derived growth factor gene
- platelet-derived growth factor receptor gene Hepatocyte growth factor gene, hepatocyte growth factor receptor gene, KLF gene, Ets transcription factor gene, nuclear factor gene, hypoxia inducible factor gene, cell cycle related factor gene, chromosome replication related factor gene, chromosome repair related factor gene , Microtubule-related factor genes (for example, CKAP5 gene), growth signal pathway-related factor genes (for example, KRAS gene), growth-related transcription factor genes, apoptosis-related factors (for example, BCL-2 gene), etc. .
- CKAP5 gene CKAP5 gene
- growth signal pathway-related factor genes for example, KRAS gene
- growth-related transcription factor genes for example, apoptosis-related factors (for example, BCL-2 gene), etc.
- a gene expressed in the liver, lung, kidney or spleen is preferable, and a gene expressed in the liver is more preferable.
- the above-mentioned gene related to tumor or inflammation hepatitis B virus Genome, hepatitis C virus genome, apolipoprotein (APO), hydroxymethylglutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase, kexin type 9 serine protease (PCSK9), factor 12, glucagon receptor, glucocorticoid receptor, leukotriene receptor , Thromboxane A2 receptor, histamine H1 receptor, carbonic anhydrase, angiotensin converting enzyme, renin, p53, tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), sodium-dependent glucose transporter, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin, hepcidin, transsilence, anti Thrombin, protein C Matriptase enzyme
- the nucleic acid that suppresses the expression of the target gene includes, for example, a nucleic acid that includes a base sequence complementary to a partial base sequence of mRNA of a gene encoding a protein (target gene) and suppresses the expression of the target gene.
- a nucleic acid such as a double-stranded nucleic acid such as siRNA (short interference RNA) or miRNA (micro RNA), a single-stranded nucleic acid such as shRNA (short hairpin RNA), antisense nucleic acid, or ribozyme may be used.
- double-stranded nucleic acids are preferred.
- a nucleic acid containing a base sequence complementary to a part of the base sequence of the target gene mRNA is called an antisense strand nucleic acid
- a nucleic acid containing a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of the antisense strand nucleic acid is a sense strand.
- a sense strand nucleic acid refers to a nucleic acid capable of forming a double strand forming part by pairing with an antisense strand nucleic acid, such as a nucleic acid itself consisting of a partial base sequence of a target gene.
- a double-stranded nucleic acid refers to a nucleic acid in which two strands are paired and have a duplex forming part.
- the double-stranded forming part refers to a part where nucleotides constituting the double-stranded nucleic acid or a derivative thereof constitute a base pair to form a double strand.
- the base pair constituting the duplex forming part is usually 15 to 27 base pairs, preferably 15 to 25 base pairs, more preferably 15 to 23 base pairs, further preferably 15 to 21 base pairs, and 15 to 19 base pairs. Base pairs are particularly preferred.
- the antisense strand nucleic acid of the duplex forming part for example, a nucleic acid consisting of a partial sequence of the mRNA of the target gene, or 1 to 3 bases, preferably 1 to 2 bases, more preferably 1 base in the nucleic acid, A nucleic acid that is deleted or added and has the activity of suppressing the expression of the target protein is preferably used.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid constituting the double-stranded nucleic acid usually consists of a series of 15 to 30 bases (nucleosides), preferably 15 to 29 bases, more preferably 15 to 27 bases, and further preferably 15 to 25 bases. 17 to 23 bases are particularly preferred, and 19 to 21 bases are most preferred.
- the antisense strand, the sense strand, or both of the nucleic acids constituting the double-stranded nucleic acid have an additional nucleic acid that does not form a duplex on the 3 ′ side or 5 ′ side following the duplex forming part. May be.
- the part that does not form a double chain is also referred to as a protrusion (overhang).
- the double-stranded nucleic acid having a protruding portion for example, one having a protruding portion consisting of 1 to 4 bases, usually 1 to 3 bases at the 3 ′ end or 5 ′ end of at least one strand is used.
- the overhang can have only the antisense strand, only the sense strand, and both the antisense strand and the sense strand, but a double-stranded nucleic acid having an overhang on both the antisense strand and the sense strand is preferably used.
- a sequence that partially or completely matches the base sequence of the target gene mRNA following the duplex formation portion, or a base sequence and a portion of the complementary strand of the target gene mRNA that follows the duplex formation portion Alternatively, an all-matching sequence may be used.
- nucleic acid that suppresses the expression of a target gene for example, a nucleic acid molecule that generates the above-mentioned double-stranded nucleic acid by the action of a ribonuclease such as Dicer (International Publication No. 2005/089287 pamphlet), 3 'end or 5' A double-stranded nucleic acid or the like that does not have a terminal protruding portion can also be used.
- Dicer International Publication No. 2005/089287 pamphlet
- the antisense strand preferably has a sequence of at least the 1st to 17th bases (nucleosides) from the 5 ′ end to the 3 ′ end. It is a sequence of bases complementary to a sequence of 17 consecutive nucleotides of mRNA, and more preferably, the antisense strand has a sequence of bases 1 to 19 from the 5 ′ end to the 3 ′ end, The base sequence is complementary to the 19-base sequence of the target gene mRNA, or the base sequence 1 to 21 is complementary to the 21-base sequence of the target gene mRNA sequence.
- the sequence of the 1st to 25th bases is a base sequence complementary to the sequence of 25 consecutive bases of the mRNA of the target gene.
- nucleic acid used in the present invention is siRNA, preferably 10 to 70%, more preferably 15 to 60%, and still more preferably 20 to 50% of the sugar in the nucleic acid is modified at the 2 ′ position.
- Ribose substituted with ribose substituted with a modifying group at the 2′-position means that the hydroxyl group at the 2′-position of ribose is substituted with the modifying group, and has the same configuration as the hydroxyl group at the 2′-position of ribose. Although it may be present or different, the configuration is preferably the same as the hydroxyl group at the 2 ′ position of ribose.
- Examples of the modifying group in ribose substituted with a modifying group at the 2′-position include those exemplified in the definition of the modifying group in the 2′-modified nucleotide in the sugar moiety-modified nucleotide and the hydrogen atom, 2′-cyano, 2 ′ -Halogen, 2'-O-cyano, 2'-alkyl, 2'-substituted alkyl, 2'-O-alkyl, 2'-O-substituted alkyl, 2'-O-alkenyl, 2'-O-substituted alkenyl , 2'-Se-alkyl, 2'-Se-substituted alkyl, etc.
- 2'-cyano, 2'-fluoro, 2'-chloro, 2'-bromo, 2'-trifluoromethyl, 2'-O -Methyl, 2'-O-ethyl, 2'-O-isopropyl, 2'-O-trifluoromethyl, 2'-O- [2- (methoxy) ethyl], 2'-O- (3-aminopropyl ), 2'-O- [2- (N, N-dimethyl) aminooxy] ethyl, 2'-O- [3- (N, N-dimethylamino) propyl], 2'-O- ⁇ 2- [ 2- (N, N-dimethylamino) ethoxy] ethyl ⁇ , 2'-O- [2- (methyl Amino) -2-oxoethyl], 2'-Se-methyl, hydrogen atom and the like are more preferable, 2'-O-methyl, 2'-O-ethyl
- the nucleic acid used in the present invention includes a derivative in which an oxygen atom or the like contained in a phosphoric acid part or an ester part in the structure of the nucleic acid is substituted with another atom such as a sulfur atom.
- the sugar that binds to the 5 ′ terminal base of the antisense strand and the sense strand has a 5′-position hydroxyl group, a phosphate group or the aforementioned modifying group, or a phosphate group or a nucleolytic enzyme in vivo. It may be modified by a group that is converted to the above-mentioned modifying group.
- the sugar that binds to the 3 ′ terminal base of the antisense strand and the sense strand has a phosphate group or the above-mentioned modifying group, or a phosphate group or a nucleolytic enzyme in vivo in each 3 ′ position. It may be modified by a group that is converted to the above-mentioned modifying group.
- Examples of the single-stranded nucleic acid include 15 to 27 bases (nucleosides) of the target gene, preferably 15 to 25 bases, more preferably 15 to 23 bases, still more preferably 15 to 21 bases, and particularly preferably 15 to 25 bases.
- a nucleic acid comprising a sequence complementary to a sequence comprising 19 bases, or 1 to 3 bases, preferably 1 to 2 bases, more preferably 1 base substituted or deleted or added in the nucleic acid, and having an activity of suppressing the expression of the target protein Any nucleic acid can be used.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid preferably consists of a series of 15 to 30 bases (nucleosides), more preferably 15 to 27 bases, still more preferably 15 to 25 bases, particularly preferably 15 to 23 bases.
- Nucleic acids are preferably used.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid one obtained by linking the antisense strand and the sense strand constituting the double-stranded nucleic acid via a spacer sequence (spacer oligonucleotide) may be used.
- the spacer oligonucleotide is preferably a 6- to 12-base single-stranded nucleic acid molecule, and the sequence at the 5 ′ end is preferably 2 Us.
- An example of the spacer oligonucleotide is a nucleic acid having a UUCAAGAGA sequence. Either the antisense strand or the sense strand connected by the spacer oligonucleotide may be on the 5 ′ side.
- the single-stranded nucleic acid is preferably a single-stranded nucleic acid such as an shRNA having a double-strand formation portion with a stem-loop structure, for example.
- Single-stranded nucleic acids such as shRNA are usually 50 to 70 bases in length.
- a nucleic acid having a length of 70 bases or less, preferably 50 bases or less, more preferably 30 bases or less, designed to produce the above single-stranded nucleic acid or double-stranded nucleic acid by the action of ribonuclease or the like may be used. Good.
- the nucleic acid used in the present invention can be produced using a known RNA or DNA synthesis method and RNA or DNA modification method.
- the composition of the present invention is a composition containing the cationic lipid and nucleic acid of the present invention, for example, a complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, or a neutral lipid and / or a cationic lipid of the present invention.
- a composition containing a complex of a combination of polymers and a nucleic acid, a composition containing the complex and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, and the like can be mentioned.
- the lipid membrane may be a lipid single membrane (lipid monomolecular membrane) or a lipid bilayer membrane (lipid bimolecular membrane).
- the lipid membrane may contain the cationic lipid, neutral lipid and / or polymer of the present invention.
- the complex and / or the lipid membrane may contain a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention.
- the composition of the present invention includes, for example, a complex of a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, or a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention and a neutral lipid and / or polymer. And a composition comprising a combination of the above and a nucleic acid, and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, and the lipid membrane containing the cationic lipid of the present invention.
- the lipid membrane in this case may also be a lipid monolayer (lipid monomolecular membrane) or a lipid bilayer membrane (lipid bimolecular membrane).
- the lipid membrane may contain a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention, a neutral lipid and / or a polymer.
- composition of the present invention a composition containing the complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, a complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex
- the composition containing the cationic lipid of the present invention is more preferred, the composition containing the complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, and the complex of the cationic lipid and the nucleic acid of the present invention and the complex More preferably, the composition contains a lipid membrane that encapsulates the body, and the lipid membrane contains the cationic lipid of the present invention.
- the complex of the cationic lipid and nucleic acid of the present invention and the lipid membrane that encapsulates the complex Containing Composition containing a cationic lipid of the present invention a lipid membrane is most preferred.
- the lipid membrane may contain a neutral lipid and / or a polymer.
- the complex and / or the lipid membrane may contain a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention.
- Examples of the form of the complex include a complex of a nucleic acid and a membrane consisting of a single lipid (single molecule) layer (reverse micelle), a complex of a nucleic acid and a liposome, a complex of a nucleic acid and a micelle, and the like. And a complex of a nucleic acid and a lipid monolayer or a complex of a nucleic acid and a liposome.
- Examples of the composition containing a complex and a lipid membrane that encapsulates the complex include liposomes that encapsulate the complex and the complex with a lipid bilayer.
- one or more of the cationic lipids of the present invention may be used, and the cationic lipid of the present invention is mixed with a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention. May be.
- the cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention include N- [1- (2,3-dioleyl) disclosed in JP-A-61-161246 (US Pat. No. 5,049,386).
- the unsubstituted alkyl group of the tertiary amine moiety and the quaternary ammonium moiety is more preferably a methyl group.
- the composition of this invention can contain a nucleic acid, it can also contain the compound chemically approximated with the nucleic acid.
- the composition of the present invention can be produced by a known production method or a similar method, and may be produced by any production method.
- a known method for preparing liposomes can be applied to the production of a composition containing liposome, which is one of the compositions.
- Known liposome preparation methods include, for example, Bangham et al.'S liposome preparation method [“J. Mol. Biol.”, 1965, Vol. 13, p.238- 252], ethanol injection method [“Journal of Cell Biology”, 1975, Vol. 66, pp. 621-634], French press method [“FBS Letters (FEBS Lett.) ”, 1979, Vol. 99, p. 210-214], freeze-thaw method [“ Arch. Biochem.
- liposomes for example, an antioxidant such as citric acid, ascorbic acid, cysteine or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), for example, an isotonic agent such as glycerin, glucose or sodium chloride can be added. is there.
- an antioxidant such as citric acid, ascorbic acid, cysteine or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
- an isotonic agent such as glycerin, glucose or sodium chloride
- the cationic lipid of the present invention, or a mixture of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention is dissolved in an organic solvent such as ethanol, and the solvent is distilled off. Thereafter, liposomes can also be produced by adding physiological saline or the like, stirring with shaking, and forming liposomes.
- composition of the present invention is prepared by, for example, dissolving the cationic lipid of the present invention or a mixture of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid in chloroform in advance, Aqueous solution and methanol are added and mixed to form a cationic lipid / nucleic acid complex.
- the chloroform layer is then taken out, and polyethylene glycolated phospholipid, neutral lipid, and water are added to the water-in-oil type (W / O) a method of producing an emulsion and treating it by the reverse phase evaporation method (see Japanese Patent Publication No.
- a nucleic acid in an acidic aqueous electrolyte solution for example, the cationic lipid of the present invention
- a mixture of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention in ethanol is added, and the ethanol concentration is lowered to 20 v / v% to prepare the nucleic acid-encapsulated liposome.
- the sample is further dialyzed by raising the pH to remove nucleic acids adhering to the surface of the composition (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2002-501511 and Biochimica et al Biophysica Acta, 2001, Vol. 1510, pages 152-166) and the like.
- compositions of the present invention a complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, or a complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention combined with a neutral lipid and / or a polymer and a nucleic acid, and the complex
- a composition containing a liposome containing a lipid bilayer encapsulating a body can be produced, for example, according to the production method described in WO 02/28367 pamphlet and WO 2006/080118 pamphlet. .
- compositions of the present invention for example, a complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, or a complex of a combination of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a neutral lipid and / or polymer, and a nucleic acid
- a composition comprising a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, a complex of a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, or a neutral lipid and a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention
- a composition comprising a combination of a polymer and a nucleic acid and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, and the lipid membrane containing the cationic lipid of the present invention are disclosed in WO 02 / Each complex is produced according to the production method described in pamphlet No.
- each lipid membrane component is dissolved, for example, in an aqueous ethanol solution (Liquid B). It can.
- Liquid A and the liquid B one or plural kinds of the cationic lipid of the present invention or a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention may be used. Lipids and cationic lipids other than the cationic lipid of the present invention may be used in combination.
- the complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid or the complex of the cationic lipid of the present invention combined with a neutral lipid and / or a polymer and a nucleic acid, and the complex A composition containing an encapsulated lipid membrane, a complex of a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention and a nucleic acid, or a cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention with a neutral lipid and / or polymer.
- a nucleic acid in a complex comprising a complex of the combination and a nucleic acid, and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, the composition containing the cationic lipid of the present invention in the lipid membrane, and after production
- the structure of the complex and the membrane may be displaced by electrostatic interaction between the lipid and the cationic lipid in the lipid membrane, or by the fusion of the cationic lipid in the complex and the cationic lipid in the lipid membrane.
- a nucleic acid (as defined above), preferably a double-stranded nucleic acid, a cationic lipid of the present invention and / or a cation of the present invention
- a complex with a liposome containing a cationic lipid other than a functional lipid is produced and dispersed in water or a 0-20% ethanol aqueous solution without dissolving it (solution A).
- Cationic lipids and / or cationic lipids other than the cationic lipid of the present invention are dissolved in an aqueous ethanol solution (liquid B), and an equal volume or a 1: 1 volume ratio of liquid A and liquid B are mixed, or Further, a composition containing the nucleic acid and the cationic lipid can be obtained by adding water as appropriate.
- the composition is preferably a composition containing a complex of a cationic lipid and a nucleic acid and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, more preferably from a lipid monolayer containing the nucleic acid and the cationic lipid.
- a composition comprising a complex with a membrane (reverse micelle) and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex.
- the lipid membrane in these cases may be a lipid monolayer (lipid monomolecular membrane) or a lipid bilayer membrane (lipid bimolecular membrane).
- the liposome in the complex of the nucleic acid of the present disclosure and the liposome is preferably a liposome whose size is adjusted in advance to an average particle size of 10 nm to 400 nm, more preferably 30 nm to 110 nm, still more preferably 40 nm to 80 nm.
- the complex and / or lipid membrane may contain a neutral lipid and / or a polymer.
- the solution A may have an ethanol concentration of 20 to 40% as long as it can form a complex of liposomes and the nucleic acid.
- the solution may be mixed with solution A and solution B in such a ratio that the aqueous ethanol solution has an ethanol concentration of 30 to 60%. Mixing liquid A and liquid B at a ratio that will result in an ethanol concentration that does not dissolve the complex after mixing liquid and liquid B, and adding water further prevents the cationic lipid in liquid B from dissolving
- the density may be set.
- the complex of a nucleic acid and a liposome in the A liquid of the present disclosure is prepared by mixing a liquid A and a B liquid, and further adding water appropriately, and then a membrane composed of a lipid monolayer containing a cationic lipid ( The morphology is changed to a complex of reverse micelle) and nucleic acid.
- the composition containing the nucleic acid and the cationic lipid obtained by the production method of the present disclosure is preferably a composition containing a complex of a cationic lipid and a nucleic acid and a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex.
- composition comprising a membrane (reverse micelle) composed of a lipid monolayer containing a cationic lipid and a nucleic acid, a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, and a composition containing a cationic lipid in the lipid membrane And its manufacturability (yield and / or uniformity) is excellent.
- a membrane reverse micelle
- the total number of molecules of the cationic lipid of the present invention in the complex is preferably 0.5 to 4 times, more preferably 1.5 to 3.5 times the number of phosphorus atoms of the nucleic acid. Is more preferably 2 to 3 times. Further, the total number of molecules of the cationic lipid of the present invention and of the cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention in the complex is preferably 0.5 to 4 times the number of phosphorus atoms of the nucleic acid. The ratio is more preferably 1.5 to 3.5 times, and even more preferably 2 to 3 times.
- the total number of molecules of the cationic lipid of the present invention in the composition containing the complex and the lipid membrane encapsulating the complex is 1 to 10 relative to the number of phosphorus atoms of the nucleic acid. Is preferably 2.5 times, more preferably 2.5 to 9 times, and even more preferably 3.5 to 8 times.
- the total number of molecules of the cationic lipid of the present invention and of the cationic lipid other than the cationic lipid of the present invention in the composition is preferably 1 to 10 times the number of phosphorus atoms of the nucleic acid. 2.5 to 9 times is more preferable, and 3.5 to 8 times is more preferable.
- Neutral lipids may be any of simple lipids, complex lipids or derived lipids, such as, but not limited to, phospholipids, glyceroglycolipids, sphingoglycolipids, sphingoids or sterols.
- the total number of neutral lipid molecules is based on the total number of cationic lipid molecules of the present invention and cationic lipids other than the cationic lipids of the present invention.
- the ratio is preferably 0.1 to 1.8 times, more preferably 0.3 to 1.2 times, and still more preferably 0.4 to 1.0 times.
- compositions of the present invention may contain a neutral lipid in a complex, may be contained in a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, or at least contained in a lipid membrane encapsulating the complex. More preferably, it is contained in both the complex and the lipid membrane encapsulating the complex.
- phospholipids in neutral lipids include phosphatidylcholine (specifically soybean phosphatidylcholine, egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EPC), distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC), dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine).
- EPC egg yolk phosphatidylcholine
- DSPC distearoylphosphatidylcholine
- DPPC dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
- POPC palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine
- dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
- DMPC dioleoylphosphatidylcholine
- DOPC dioleoylphosphatidylcholine
- phosphatidylethanolamine specifically distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE), dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE)), Dimyristoylphosphoethanolamine (DMPE), 16-0-monomethyl PE, 16-0-dimethyl PE, 18-1-trans PE, palmitoyl oleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine ( POPE), 1 -stearoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (SOPE), etc.), glycerophospholipids (specifically phosphatidylserine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol (PO
- Examples of the glyceroglycolipid in the neutral lipid include sulfoxyribosyl glyceride, diglycosyl diglyceride, digalactosyl diglyceride, galactosyl diglyceride, glycosyl diglyceride and the like.
- glycosphingolipid in the neutral lipid examples include galactosyl cerebroside, lactosyl cerebroside, ganglioside, and the like.
- Examples of the sphingoid in the neutral lipid include sphingan, icosasphingan, sphingosine or derivatives thereof.
- Derivatives include, for example, —NH 2 such as sphingan, icosasphingan, or sphingosine —NHCO (CH 2 ) xCH 3 (wherein x is an integer from 0 to 18, with 6, 12 or 18 being preferred) And the like converted to.
- sterols in neutral lipids include cholesterol, dihydrocholesterol, lanosterol, ⁇ -sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, brassicasterol, ergocasterol, fucosterol or 3 ⁇ - [N- (N ', N'-dimethyl Aminoethyl) carbamoyl] cholesterol (DC-Chol) and the like.
- macromolecules include proteins, albumin, dextran, polyfect, chitosan, dextran sulfate, such as poly-L-lysine, polyethyleneimine, polyaspartic acid, styrene maleic acid copolymer, isopropylacrylamide-acrylpyrrolidone copolymer
- Polymers such as polymers, polyethylene glycol-modified dendrimers, polylactic acid, polylactic acid polyglycolic acid or polyethylene glycolated polylactic acid, or micelles composed of one or more salts thereof.
- polymer salts include, for example, metal salts, ammonium salts, acid addition salts, organic amine addition salts, amino acid addition salts, and the like.
- the metal salt include alkali metal salts such as lithium salt, sodium salt and potassium salt, alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt and calcium salt, aluminum salt and zinc salt.
- the ammonium salt include salts such as ammonium and tetramethylammonium.
- the acid addition salt include inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate or phosphate, and organic acid salts such as acetate, maleate, fumarate or citrate.
- organic amine addition salts include addition salts such as morpholine and piperidine.
- amino acid addition salts include addition salts such as glycine, phenylalanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid or lysine.
- any of the compositions of the present invention preferably contains a lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative of one or more substances selected from, for example, sugars, peptides, nucleic acids, and water-soluble polymers, or surfactants, etc. May be contained in the lipid membrane encapsulating the complex, and it is more preferred that both the complex and the lipid membrane encapsulating the complex are contained.
- the composition of the present invention contains a lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative of one or more substances selected from sugars, peptides, nucleic acids, and water-soluble polymers, they are selected from sugars, peptides, nucleic acids, and water-soluble polymers.
- the total number of lipid derivatives and fatty acid derivative molecules of one or more substances is preferably 0.05 to 0.3 times the total number of cationic lipid molecules of the present invention and cationic lipids other than the cationic lipids of the present invention. 0.07 to 0.25 times is more preferable, and 0.1 to 0.2 times is more preferable.
- the lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative of one or more substances selected from sugars, peptides, nucleic acids and water-soluble polymers, or surfactants are preferably glycolipids or lipid derivatives or fatty acid derivatives of water-soluble polymers. More preferred are water-soluble polymer lipid derivatives or fatty acid derivatives.
- a lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative of one or more substances selected from sugars, peptides, nucleic acids, and water-soluble polymers, or a surfactant is a part of the molecule and other components of the composition such as hydrophobic affinity, electrostatic It is a substance with a two-sided property, which has the property of binding by mechanical interaction, etc., and the other part has the property of binding to the solvent at the time of production of the composition by, for example, hydrophilic affinity, electrostatic interaction, etc. Is preferred.
- lipid derivatives or fatty acid derivatives of sugars, peptides, or nucleic acids include sugars such as sucrose, sorbitol, and lactose, such as casein-derived peptides, egg white-derived peptides, soybean-derived peptides, peptides such as glutathione, or DNA, RNA, plasmids, etc.
- Nucleic acids such as siRNA and ODN and neutral lipids listed in the definition of the composition or the cationic lipid of the present invention or fatty acids such as stearic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, etc. And the like.
- examples of the sugar lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative include glyceroglycolipid and glycosphingolipid mentioned in the definition of the composition.
- water-soluble polymer lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative examples include polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, oligosaccharide, dextrin, water-soluble cellulose, dextran, chondroitin sulfate, polyglycerin, Chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyaspartic acid amide, poly-L-lysine, mannan, pullulan, oligoglycerol, etc.
- lipid inducers such as polyethylene glycol or polyglycerin.
- Body or fatty acid derivatives and their salts can be mentioned, more preferably, a lipid derivative or a fatty acid derivative of a polyethylene glycol and salts thereof.
- Examples of lipid derivatives or fatty acid derivatives of polyethylene glycol include polyethylene glycolated lipids [specifically, polyethylene glycol-phosphatidylethanolamine (more specifically, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine- N- [methoxy (polyethylene glycol) -2000] (PEG-DSPE), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N- [methoxy (polyethylene glycol) -2000] (PEG-DMPE) Etc.), polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60, Cremophor EL, etc.], polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters (specifically polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) or polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, etc. More preferred is polyethylene glycolated lipid.
- lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative of polyglycerin examples include polyglycerinized lipids (specifically polyglycerin-phosphatidylethanolamine) or polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and more preferred are polyglycerinized lipids. It is done.
- surfactant examples include polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (specifically, polysorbate 80), polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol (specifically, Pluronic F68), sorbitan fatty acid ester (specifically, sorbitan) Monolaurate, sorbitan monooleate, etc.), polyoxyethylene derivatives (specifically polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil 60, polyoxyethylene lauryl alcohol, etc.), glycerin fatty acid ester or polyethylene glycol alkyl ether, etc. are preferred, Examples thereof include polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol, glycerin fatty acid ester or polyethylene glycol alkyl ether.
- the complex and the lipid membrane in the composition of the present invention can be optionally subjected to surface modification with a water-soluble polymer, for example [Radasic, edited by F. Martin, “Stealth” [See Stealth Liposomes (USA), CRC Press Inc., 1995, p. 93-102].
- water-soluble polymers that can be used for surface modification include polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, oligosaccharide, dextrin, water-soluble cellulose, dextran, chondroitin sulfate, and polyglycerin.
- lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative (as defined above) of one or more substances selected from sugars, peptides, nucleic acids, and water-soluble polymers can be used.
- the complex and the lipid membrane in the composition of the present invention contain a lipid derivative or fatty acid derivative of one or more substances selected from sugar, peptide, nucleic acid and water-soluble polymer, or a surfactant.
- the targeting ligand can optionally be directly bound to the surface of the composition of the present invention by covalently binding to the polar head residue of the lipid component of the composition of the present invention (WO 2006). (See pamphlet / 116107).
- the average particle size of the complex in the composition of the present invention or the lipid membrane encapsulating the complex can be freely selected as desired, but the average particle size described below is preferred.
- a method for adjusting the average particle size for example, an extrusion method, a method of mechanically crushing large multilamellar liposomes (MLV) or the like (specifically using a manton gourin, a microfluidizer, etc.) [Müller (RH Muller, S. Benita, B. Bohm, “Emulsion and Nanosuspensions for the Formulation of Poorly Soluble Drugs) ”, Scientific Publishers Stuttgart, 1998, p.267-294].
- the average size of the composite in the composition of the present invention is preferably about 5 nm to 200 nm, more preferably about 20 nm to 150 nm, and further preferably about 30 nm to 100 nm.
- the size of the composition of the present invention (lipid membrane encapsulating the complex) is preferably about 10 nm to 300 nm, more preferably about 30 nm to 200 nm, and more preferably about 50 nm to 150 nm. Is more preferable.
- the average particle diameter of the complex in the composition of the present invention or the lipid membrane encapsulating the complex can be measured, for example, by a dynamic light scattering method.
- the nucleic acid in the composition of the present invention can be introduced into cells by introducing the composition of the present invention into mammalian cells.
- composition of the present invention into mammalian cells in vivo may be performed according to known transfection procedures that can be performed in vivo.
- the composition of the present invention is intravenously administered to mammals including humans, and is delivered to, for example, a tumor or an inflamed organ or site.
- a tumor or an inflamed organ or site can be introduced.
- the organ or site where the tumor or inflammation has occurred is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include stomach, large intestine, liver, lung, spleen, pancreas, kidney, bladder, skin, blood vessel, and eyeball.
- the composition of the present invention is intravenously administered to mammals including humans, and is delivered to, for example, the liver, lung, spleen and / or kidney, and the composition of the present invention is contained in the cells of the delivery organ or site.
- Liver, lung, spleen and / or kidney cells can be normal cells, cells associated with tumors or inflammation or cells associated with other diseases.
- the nucleic acid in the composition of the present invention is a nucleic acid having an action of suppressing the expression of a target gene using RNA interference (RNAi), the nucleic acid or the like that suppresses the expression of the target gene in a mammalian cell in vivo. Can be introduced, and the expression of the target gene can be suppressed.
- RNAi RNA interference
- the administration subject is preferably a human.
- the target gene in the present invention is a gene expressed in, for example, the liver, lung, kidney or spleen, preferably a gene expressed in the liver
- the composition of the present invention is related to the liver, lung, kidney or spleen. It can be used as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for diseases, preferably as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for diseases related to the liver. That is, the present invention also provides a method for treating a disease associated with the liver, lung, kidney or spleen, wherein the composition of the present invention described above is administered to a mammal.
- the administration subject is preferably a person, more preferably a person suffering from a disease related to the liver, lung, kidney or spleen.
- composition of the present invention is used as a tool for verifying the effectiveness of suppressing a target gene in an in vivo drug efficacy evaluation model for a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for diseases related to liver, lung, kidney or spleen. It can also be used.
- composition of the present invention for example, stabilizes the nucleic acid in biological components such as blood components (for example, blood, digestive tract, etc.), reduces side effects, or accumulates drugs in tissues or organs containing target gene expression sites. It can also be used as a preparation for the purpose of increasing the amount.
- composition of the present invention is used as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for pharmaceutical diseases such as diseases related to liver, lung, kidney or spleen
- the most effective route for treatment is used.
- oral administration, intratracheal, rectal, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administration can be given parenteral or oral administration, preferably intravenous administration or intramuscular administration, more preferably Can be given intravenously.
- the dose varies depending on the disease state, age, route of administration, etc. of the administration subject, but for example, the dose may be administered so that the daily dose converted to nucleic acid is about 0.1 ⁇ g to 1000 mg.
- Examples of the preparation suitable for intravenous administration or intramuscular administration include injections, and the dispersion of the composition prepared by the above-described method can be used as it is in the form of injections, for example.
- the dispersion can be used after removing the solvent, for example, by filtration, centrifugation, etc., or the dispersion can be used after lyophilization, and / or an excipient such as mannitol, lactose, trehalose, maltose or glycine.
- the added dispersion can be lyophilized for use.
- injections for example, water, acids, alkalis, various buffers, physiological saline or amino acid infusions, etc.
- an injection can be prepared by adding an antioxidant such as citric acid, ascorbic acid, cysteine or EDTA or an isotonic agent such as glycerin, glucose or sodium chloride.
- an antioxidant such as citric acid, ascorbic acid, cysteine or EDTA or an isotonic agent such as glycerin, glucose or sodium chloride.
- it can also be cryopreserved by adding a cryopreservation agent such as glycerin.
- the reaction solution was diluted with chloroform, washed with 1 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution three times, then with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the obtained residue was dissolved in a small amount of n-hexane / ethyl acetate (1/4), adsorbed on a pad of amino-modified silica gel, eluted with n-hexane / ethyl acetate (1/4), and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- tert-butyl 5- (di ((9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyl) amino ) -5-oxopentylcarbamate was obtained.
- tert-Butyl 5- (di ((9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyl) amino) -5-oxopentylcarbamate was dissolved in dichloromethane (4 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (0.450 mL, 5.84 mmol). ) And stirred at room temperature for 4 hours.
- Reference Example 2 5- (Dimethylamino) -N, N-di ((9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyl) pentanamide (Compound XI-2)
- Compound XI-1 (90.0 mg, 0.147 mmol) obtained in Reference Example 1 was dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane (2 mL) and methanol (2 mL), and formaldehyde (0.219 mL, 2.94 mmol) and sodium triacetoxyboro Hydride (Acros Organics, 311 mg, 1.47 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 5 hours.
- N-benzyl-N, N-bis (2-((9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyloxy) ethyl) amine (4.01 g, 5.89 mmol)) dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane (29 mL) 1-chloroethyl chloroformate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 1.90 mL, 17.4 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 130 ° C. for 1 hour. Methanol (29 mL) was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was further stirred at 130 ° C. for 1 hour.
- 2,3-Dihydroxypropanal (0.400 g, 4.44 mmol) was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours.
- Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.470 g, 2.22 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature.
- a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted twice with chloroform. The organic layers were combined, washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride (about 1 mol / L tetrahydrofuran solution, 2.14 mL, 2.14 mmol) was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and then at 50 ° C. for 1 hour. Saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. Dissolve the resulting residue in tetrahydrofuran (1 mL), add 1-methylpyrrolidine-2-methanol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, 0.0372 g, 0.323 mmol) and triethylamine (0.0563 mL, 0.404 mmol) at room temperature. After stirring overnight, the reaction was stirred at 60 ° C. for 3 hours. A saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted twice with n-hexane. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- 1-methylpyrrolidine-2-methanol manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, 0.0372 g, 0.323 mmol
- triethylamine 0.0563 mL, 0.404 mmol
- Reference Example 23 3- (Dimethylamino) propyl 2,3-bis ((9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyloxy) propyl (methyl) carbamate (Compound XI-9)
- Process 1 2,3-bis ((9Z, 12Z) -octadeca-9,12-dienyloxy) propan-1-ol (0.303 g, 0.514 mmol) synthesized in the manner described in WO 2009/129395 pamphlet (4 ml) solution was added triethylamine (0.108 ml, 0.772 mmol) and mesylic chloride (0.060 ml, 0.772 mmol) at 0 ° C.
- compositions were prepared as follows.
- the nucleic acid used was a sense strand [5'-rGmUrCrAmUrCrArCrArCmUrGrArAmUrArCrCrArAmU-3 ' Apolipoprotein B (Apolipoprotein-B), and an antisense strand [5'-rArUrUrGrGrUrArUrUrCrArGrUrGrUrGrArGrGrArGrGrArCrC-3 ' (Hereinafter referred to as apo-b) is an anti-APO-B siRNA that suppresses gene expression, and was obtained from Gene Design (hereinafter referred to as apo-b siRNA).
- Each of compounds A-1-5 / 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N- (methoxy (polyethylene glycol) -2000) sodium salt (PEG-DMPE Na, N- (carbonylmethoxy Polyethylene glycol 2000) -1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine sodium salt, manufactured by NOF Corporation / distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3- Phosphocholine (manufactured by NOF Corporation) / Cholesterol (manufactured by NOF Corporation) 8.947 / 1.078 / 5.707 / 13.698 mmol / L, each sample is weighed and dissolved in 90 vol% ethanol.
- PEG-DMPE Na distearoylphosphatidylcholine
- DSPC 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3
- apo-b siRNA / distilled water 24 mg / mL was added to Tris-EDTA buffer (200 mM Tris-HCl, 20 mM EDTA, manufactured by Invitrogen) and 20 mM citrate buffer (pH 5). 0.0) to prepare a 1.5 mg / mL apo-b siRNA aqueous solution (2 mM Tris-EDTA buffer, 20 mM citrate buffer, pH 5.0). After heating the obtained lipid solution to 37 ° C., 500 ⁇ L was transferred to a container for preparation of the preparation, and 500 ⁇ L of the obtained apo-b siRNA aqueous solution was added with stirring.
- the siRNA concentration of the obtained composition is measured, and diluted with DPBS so that the siRNA concentration is 0.3 or 0.03 mg / mL, thereby containing a preparation (each of compounds A-1 to 5 and a nucleic acid).
- a composition was obtained.
- the average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device (Zetasizer Nano ZS, manufactured by Malvern, the same applies hereinafter). The results are shown in Table 8.
- Comparative Example 1 Similar to Example 49, except that Compound 1 was DLin-KC2-DMA synthesized by a method according to the method described in Patent Document 1 and the compound obtained in Reference Examples 1 to 3 (Compound XI-1 to 3) Thus, a preparation was obtained.
- Table 9 shows the structural formulas of the compounds (DLin-KC2-DMA and compounds XI-1 to XI-3) used in the comparative examples. The average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device. The results are shown in Table 10.
- Test example 1 Each formulation obtained in Example 49 (compounds each containing compounds A-1, 3 to 5 and nucleic acid) and each formulation obtained in Comparative Example 1 (DLin-KC2-DMA and compound XI-1) Each of (1) to (3) and a composition containing a nucleic acid was introduced into a human liver cancer-derived cell line HepG2 cell (HB-8065) by the following method.
- the universal probe library (Universal Probe Library, Roche Applied Science, 04683633001) as a probe, ABI7900HT Fast (manufactured by ABI), described in the attached instruction manual PCR reaction of the apo-b gene and the constitutively expressed gene glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, hereinafter referred to as gapdh) gene
- gapdh glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- the amount of mRNA amplification was measured, and the semi-quantitative value of apo-b mRNA was calculated using the gapdh mRNA amplification amount as an internal control.
- the apo-b mRNA expression rate was determined from the apo-b mRNA quasi-quantitative value, with the quasi-quantitative value of the apo-b mRNA in the negative control measured similarly.
- the results of the apo-b mRNA expression rate obtained are shown in FIG.
- Example 49 As is clear from FIG. 1, among the preparations obtained in Example 49 (compounds A-1, 3 to 5 and a nucleic acid-containing composition) and each preparation obtained in Comparative Example 1, DLin- KC2-DMA, each of compound XI-1 and compound XI-3, and a composition containing nucleic acid suppressed the expression of mRNA of the apo-b gene after introduction into human hepatoma-derived cell line HepG2 cells. . On the other hand, among the preparations obtained in Comparative Example 1, the composition containing compound XI-2 and nucleic acid expressed mRNA of the apo-b gene after being introduced into the human liver cancer-derived cell line HepG2. Did not suppress.
- Test example 2 Each formulation obtained in Example 49 (each of compounds A-1 to 5 and a composition containing a nucleic acid) and each formulation obtained in Comparative Example 1 (DLin-KC2-DMA and compounds XI-1 to 3) And a composition containing a nucleic acid) were each subjected to an in vivo efficacy evaluation test by the following method. Each formulation was diluted with DPBS according to the test. Mice (Balb / c, obtained from CLEA Japan, Inc.) were acclimated and bred, and then each preparation was intravenously administered to mice at an siRNA concentration of 3 to 0.3 mg / kg.
- the preparation obtained in Example 49 (composition containing anti-APO-B siRNA that suppresses expression of the apo-b gene and each of compounds A-1 to 5)
- the in vivo efficacy evaluation test the measurement result of cholesterol concentration is lower than the measurement result in the composition containing compounds XI-1 to 3 and nucleic acid among the preparations obtained in Comparative Example 1, It shows that the expression of apo-b gene is strongly suppressed by administering the preparation obtained in Example 22. Therefore, the composition of the present invention can introduce a nucleic acid into a cell or the like, and the cationic lipid of the present invention can be a cationic lipid that facilitates delivery of a nucleic acid into a cell in vivo. It became clear.
- a composition was prepared as follows.
- the nucleic acid used was the sense strand [5'-rGrGrAfUfCrAfUfCfUfCrArArGfUfCfUfUrAfCdTdT-3 '
- the ribose is a phosphorothioate bond between deoxyribose that binds to the 20th base and deoxyribose that binds to the 21st base from the 5 'end toward the 3' end)) [5'-rGfUrArArGrAfCfUfUrGrArGrAfUrGrAfUfCfCdTdT-3 ' From the side toward the 3 ′ end side, the bond between deoxyribose that binds to the 20th base and deoxyribose that binds to the 21st base is a phosphorothioate bond)] Liqui
- f7 siRNA / distilled water 24 mg / mL was added to Tris-EDTA buffer (200 mM Tris-HCl, 20 mM EDTA, manufactured by Invitrogen) and 20 mM citrate buffer (pH 4.0).
- f7 siRNA 2 mM Tris-EDTA buffer, 20 mM citrate buffer, pH 4.0.
- the obtained lipid solution was heated to 37 ° C., and then 800 ⁇ L was transferred to a preparation preparation container, and 800 ⁇ L of the obtained f7 siRNA aqueous solution was added with stirring.
- 1600 ⁇ L of the obtained lipid nucleic acid mixed suspension 1600 ⁇ L of 20 mM citrate buffer (containing 300 mM NaCl, pH 6.0) is added with stirring, and 7086 ⁇ L of DPBS (Invitrogen) is added dropwise to roughen the mixture.
- DPBS Invitrogen
- the obtained crude preparation was concentrated using Amicon Ultra (manufactured by Millipore), diluted with DPBS, and filtered in a clean bench using a 0.45 ⁇ m filter (manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd.).
- the siRNA concentration of the obtained composition was measured, and diluted with DPBS so that the siRNA concentration was 0.03 mg / mL, to obtain a preparation (composition containing Compound A-6 and nucleic acid).
- the average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device. The results are shown in Table 11.
- Comparative Example 2 A preparation was obtained in the same manner as in Example 50 except that Compound A-6 was changed to the compounds obtained in Reference Examples 9 to 13 (Compounds XI-4 to 8).
- Table 12 shows the structural formulas of the compounds (Compounds XI-4 to 8) used in Comparative Example 2. The average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device. The results are shown in Table 13.
- Test example 3 Each formulation obtained in Examples 50 and 51 (compound A-1, A-5 to 21, A-28 to 36, B-1, B-8 and C-1 to 5 respectively, and nucleic acid) Composition) and each of the preparations obtained in Comparative Example 2 (compositions containing compounds XI-4 to 8 and nucleic acids) were subjected to in vivo efficacy evaluation tests by the following methods. Each preparation was diluted with DPBS or physiological saline in accordance with the test. Mice (Balb / c, obtained from Clea Japan) were acclimated and bred, and then each formulation was intravenously administered to mice at siRNA concentrations of 0.3, 0.1 and / or 0.03 mg / kg.
- the preparations obtained in Examples 50 and 51 (anti-Factor VII siRNA that suppresses the expression of Factor VII gene and compounds A-6, A-1, and A-7 to 12) , B-1, B-8, C-1, A-5, A-13-21, A-28-26, and C-2-5)
- the measured measurement results of Factor VII protein concentration in plasma show that expression of Factor VII gene is strongly suppressed by administering each preparation obtained in Examples 50 and 51. Therefore, the composition of the present invention can introduce a nucleic acid into a cell or the like, and the cationic lipid of the present invention can be a cationic lipid that facilitates delivery of a nucleic acid into a cell in vivo. It became clear.
- PEG-DMPE Na manufactured by NOF Corporation
- This suspension was passed through a 0.2 ⁇ m polycarbonate membrane filter at room temperature, and further passed through a 0.05 ⁇ m polycarbonate membrane filter to obtain a dispersion of Compound A-1 / PEG-DMPE Na particles (liposomes).
- the average particle size of the liposomes obtained with a particle size measuring device was measured and confirmed to be within the range of 30 nm to 100 nm.
- a dispersion of / PEG-DMPE Na / f7 siRNA complex was prepared.
- a lipid membrane constituent solution After heating the solution of the obtained lipid membrane component, it is mixed with the obtained compound A-1 / PEG-DMPE Na / f7 siRNA complex dispersion at a ratio of 1: 1, and then several times the amount Of distilled water was mixed to obtain a crude preparation.
- the obtained crude preparation was concentrated using Amicon Ultra (manufactured by Millipore), diluted with physiological saline, and filtered in a clean bench using a 0.2 ⁇ m filter (manufactured by Toyo Roshi Kaisha, Ltd.).
- the siRNA concentration of the obtained composition was measured, and diluted with physiological saline so that the siRNA concentration was 0.03, 0.01, or 0.003 mg / mL, so that the formulation (compound containing compound A-1 and nucleic acid) Product).
- the average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device. The results are shown in Table 14.
- each of compounds A-5 to 7, A-10, A-12 to 21, A-28 to 36, B-8 and C-1 to 5 was used.
- Formulation (Compounds A-5 to 7, A-10, A-12 to 21, A-28 to 36, B-8 and C-1 to 5 and a composition containing nucleic acid in the same manner as in Example 52) Product).
- the average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device. The results are shown in Table 14.
- Comparative Example 3 A preparation was obtained in the same manner as in Example 52 except that the compound A-1 was changed to the compound XI-9 obtained in Reference Example 23.
- the structural formula of the compound (Compound XI-9) used in Comparative Example 3 is shown in Table 12.
- the average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device. The results are shown in Table 13.
- Test example 4 Each preparation obtained in Examples 52 and 53 or a preparation obtained in the same manner as in Example 52 or 53 (compounds A-1, A-5 to 7, A-10, A-12 to 21, A-28 ⁇ 36, B-8 and C-1 ⁇ 5, and a composition containing a nucleic acid) and the preparation obtained in Comparative Example 3 (a composition containing compound XI-9 and a nucleic acid) In vivo drug efficacy evaluation test was carried out by the same method as 3. The calculated results of Factor VII protein concentration in plasma are shown in FIGS.
- compositions were prepared as follows.
- the nucleic acid the same nucleic acid as that used in Example 50 was used.
- Compound A-1, A-7 or A-10 / PEG-DMPE Na (manufactured by NOF Corporation) / DSPC (manufactured by NOF Corporation) / cholesterol (manufactured by NOF Corporation) 7.030 / 0.755 / 2.038 / 4.892 mmol
- Each sample was weighed so as to be / L and dissolved in 100 vol% ethanol to prepare a solution of the constituent components of the lipid membrane.
- f7 siRNA / distilled water 24 mg / mL was added to Tris-EDTA buffer (200 mM Tris-HCl, 20 mM EDTA, manufactured by Invitrogen) and 20 mM citrate buffer (pH 4.0).
- Tris-EDTA buffer 200 mM Tris-HCl, 20 mM EDTA, manufactured by Invitrogen
- 20 mM citrate buffer pH 4.0
- f7 siRNA / distilled water 200 mM Tris-HCl, 20 mM EDTA, manufactured by Invitrogen
- mM citrate buffer pH 4.0
- the formulation (compounds A-1, A-7 and A-10 And a composition containing a nucleic acid).
- the average particle size of the preparation (composition) was measured with a particle size measuring device. The results are shown in Table 15.
- Test Example 5 For each preparation (composition containing each of compound A-1, A-7 or A-10, and nucleic acid) obtained in Example 54, an in vivo drug efficacy evaluation test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 3. .
- FIG. 14 shows the result of the calculated Factor VII protein concentration in plasma.
- composition containing the cationic lipid and nucleic acid of the present invention can be easily introduced into cells, for example, by administering the composition to mammals or the like.
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Description
特許文献1および2は、インビボにて核酸を細胞内に送達するために、および疾患の治療に好適な核酸-脂質粒子組成物に使用するために有利である陽イオン性脂質および該脂質を含む脂質粒子を開示している。特許文献1には、例えば、
DLin-KC2-DMA)等、特許文献2には、例えば、
(1) 式(A)
R2は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルであり、
R3およびR4は、同一または異なって炭素数1~3のアルキルであるか、または一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成するか、またはR3はR5と一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成し、
R5は、水素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~6のアルケニル、アミノ、モノアルキルアミノ、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、カルバモイル、モノアルキルカルバモイル、ジアルキルカルバモイルまたは同一もしくは異なって1~3つのアミノ、モノアルキルアミノ、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、カルバモイル、モノアルキルカルバモイルもしくはジアルキルカルバモイルで置換された炭素数1~6のアルキルもしくは炭素数3~6のアルケニルであるか、またはR3と一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成し、
X1は、炭素数1~6のアルキレンであり、
X2は、単結合であるか、または炭素数1~6のアルキレンであり、ただし、X1とX2の炭素数の和は7以下であり、R5が、水素原子の場合、X2は単結合であり、R5がR3と一緒になって炭素数2~6のアルキレンを形成する場合、X2は単結合であるか、またはメチレンもしくはエチレンである)、
式(B)
R7は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルである)、または
式(C)
R9は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルであり、
X3は、炭素数1~3のアルキレンであり、
R10は、水素原子または炭素数1~3のアルキルである)で表されるカチオン性脂質。
(2) R1、R2、R6、R7、R8およびR9が、それぞれテトラデシル、ヘキサデシル、(Z)-テトラデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-6-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(E)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-11-エニル、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル、(9Z,12Z,15Z)-オクタデカ-9,12,15-トリエニル、(Z)-イコサ-11-エニル、(11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニルまたは(Z)-ドコサ-13-エニルである前記(1)記載のカチオン性脂質。
(3) R1、R2、R6、R7、R8およびR9が、それぞれ(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニルまたは(11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニルである前記(1)記載のカチオン性脂質。
(4) X1が、炭素数1~3のアルキレンであり、X2が、単結合またはメチレンである前記(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
(5) X3が、メチレンまたはエチレンである前記(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
(6) R3およびR4が、同一もしくは異なってメチルもしくはエチル、または一緒になってn-ペンチレンまたはn-ヘキシレンを形成する前記(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
(7) R3およびR5が、一緒になってn-プロピレンまたはn-ブチレンを形成し、R4が、メチルまたはエチルである前記(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
(8) R5およびR10が、それぞれ水素原子またはメチルである前記(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
(9) 前記(1)~(8)のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質および核酸を含有する組成物。
(10) 該カチオン性脂質と該核酸とが複合体を形成しているか、または該カチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと該核酸とが複合体を形成している、前記(9)記載の組成物。
(11) 該カチオン性脂質と該核酸とが複合体を形成しているか、または該カチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと該核酸とが複合体を形成しており、該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有する前記(9)記載の組成物。
(12) 核酸がRNA干渉(RNAi)を利用した標的遺伝子の発現抑制作用を有する核酸である前記(9)~(11)のいずれかに記載の組成物。
(13) 標的遺伝子が、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓において発現する遺伝子である前記(12)記載の組成物。
(14) 前記(9)~(13)のいずれかに記載の組成物を用いて該核酸を細胞内に導入する方法。
(15) 細胞が、ほ乳類の肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓にある細胞である前記(14)記載の方法。
(16) 細胞内に導入する方法が、該組成物の静脈内投与によって細胞内に導入する方法である前記(14)または(15)に記載の方法。
(17) 前記(13)に記載の組成物を哺乳動物に投与するする工程を含む、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療方法。
(18) 投与する方法が、静脈内投与である前記(17)記載の方法。
(19) 前記(12)に記載の組成物を含む、疾患の治療に用いるための医薬。
(20) 静脈内投与用である前記(19)記載の医薬。
(21) 前記(13)に記載の組成物を含む、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療剤。
(22) 静脈内投与用である前記(21)記載の肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療剤。
式(A)
R2は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルであり、
R3およびR4は、同一または異なって炭素数1~3のアルキルであるか、または一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成するか、またはR3はR5と一緒になって炭素数2~6のアルキレンを形成し、
R5は、水素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~6のアルケニル、アミノ、モノアルキルアミノ、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、カルバモイル、モノアルキルカルバモイル、ジアルキルカルバモイルまたは同一もしくは異なって1~3つのアミノ、モノアルキルアミノ、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、カルバモイル、モノアルキルカルバモイルもしくはジアルキルカルバモイルで置換された炭素数1~6のアルキルもしくは炭素数3~6のアルケニルであるか、またはR3と一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成し、
X1は、炭素数1~6のアルキレンであり、
X2は、単結合であるか、または炭素数1~6のアルキレンであり、ただし、X1とX2の炭素数の和は7以下であり、R5が、水素原子の場合、X2は単結合であり、R5がR3と一緒になって炭素数2~6のアルキレンを形成する場合、X2は単結合であるか、またはメチレンもしくはエチレンである)、
式(B)
R7は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルである)、または
式(C)
R9は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルであり、
X3は、炭素数1~3のアルキレンであり、
R10は、水素原子または炭素数1~3のアルキルである)で表されるカチオン性脂質である。
以下、式(A)で表される化合物を化合物(A)ということもある。他の式番号の化合物についても同様である。
炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルケニルとしては、1以上の2重結合を含む炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルケニルであればよく、例えば(Z)-テトラデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-6-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(E)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-11-エニル、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル、(9Z,12Z,15Z)-オクタデカ-9,12,15-トリエニル、(Z)-イコサ-11-エニル、(11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニル、3,7,11-トリメチルドデカ-2,6,10-トリエニル、3,7,11,15-テトラメチルヘキサデカ-2-エニル、(Z)-ドコサ-13-エニル等があげられ、好ましくは(Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-6-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル、(Z)-イコサ-11-エニル、(11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニル、(Z)-ドコサ-13-エニル等があげられる。
炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキニルとしては、1以上の3重結合を含む炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキニルであればよく、例えばドデカ-11-イニル、テトラデカ-6-イニル、ヘキサデカ-7-イニル、ヘキサデカ-5,7-ジイニル、オクタデカ-9-イニル等があげられる。
アルケニルオキシエチルおよびアルケニルオキシプロピルにおけるアルケニル部分としては、例えば前記炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルケニルの例示であげた基等があげられる。
アルキニルオキシエチルおよびアルキニルオキシプロピルにおけるアルキニル部分としては、例えば前記炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキニルの例示であげた基等があげられる。
R5における、アミノおよびモノアルキルアミノは、それぞれ、窒素原子上の孤立電子対に、水素イオンが配位して、アンモニオおよびモノアルキルアンモニオを形成していてもよく、アミノおよびモノアルキルアミノは、それぞれアンモニオおよびモノアルキルアンモニオを包含する。
本発明において、アミノおよびモノアルキルアミノの窒素原子上の孤立電子対に、水素イオンが配位したアンモニオおよびモノアルキルアンモニオは、製薬上許容し得る陰イオンと塩を形成していてもよい。
式(A)における酸素原子の1つを硫黄原子に置き換えた式(Aa)
本発明において、製薬上許容し得る陰イオンとしては、例えば塩化物イオン、臭化物イオン、硝酸イオン、硫酸イオン、リン酸イオン等の無機イオン、酢酸イオン、シュウ酸イオン、マレイン酸イオン、フマル酸イオン、クエン酸イオン、安息香酸イオン、メタンスルホン酸イオン等の有機酸イオン等があげられる。
化合物(A)のうち、R2が炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルまたはアルキニルである、化合物(Ia)は以下の方法によって製造することができる。
化合物(IIa)は、アンモニアと化合物(IIIa)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。さらに、化合物(IIb)は、化合物(IIa)と化合物(IIIb)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、例えばメタノール、エタノール、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム、1,2-ジクロロエタン、トルエン、酢酸エチル、アセトニトリル、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、ジオキサン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N-メチルピロリドン、ピリジン、水等があげられ、これらは単独でまたは混合して用いられる。
塩基としては、例えば炭酸カリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、ナトリウムメトキシド、カリウム tert-ブトキシド、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、N-メチルモルホリン、ピリジン、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(DBU)等があげられる。
化合物(IIIa)および化合物(IIIb)は、市販品としてまたは公知の方法(例えば、「第5版 実験化学講座13 有機化合物の合成I」、第5版、p.374、丸善(2005年))もしくはそれに準じた方法で得ることができる。
R1とR11が同一の場合の化合物(IIb)は、工程1において、2当量以上の化合物(IIIa)を用いることで得ることができる。
化合物(VI)は、化合物(IV)を、化合物(V)と、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、-20℃と150℃の間の温度で、5分間~72時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、例えばジクロロメタン、クロロホルム、1,2-ジクロロエタン、トルエン、酢酸エチル、アセトニトリル、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、1,2-ジメトキシエタン、ジオキサン、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N-メチルピロリドン、ジメチルスルホキシド等があげられ、これらは単独でまたは混合して用いることができる。
添加剤としては、例えば1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール、4-ジメチルアミノピリジン等があげられる。
塩基としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(IV)は、市販品として得ることができる。
化合物(V)は、市販品としてまたは公知の方法(例えば、「第5版 実験化学講座14 有機化合物の合成II」、第5版、p.1、丸善(2005年))もしくはそれに準じた方法で得ることができる。
化合物(Ia)は、化合物(IIb)を、化合物(VI)と、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、-20℃と150℃の間の温度で、5分間~72時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒および添加剤としては、それぞれ工程3で例示したものがあげられる。
塩基としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(IIb)は以下の方法によってもまた製造することができる。
化合物(IIc)は、N-(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)-2-ニトロベンゼンスルホンアミドと化合物(IIIa)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
添加剤としては、例えばヨウ化n-テトラブチルアンモニウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム等があげられる。
塩基としては、例えば炭酸セシウム、炭酸カリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、ナトリウムメトキシド、カリウム tert-ブトキシド、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、N-メチルモルホリン、ピリジン、DBU等があげられる。
化合物(IId)は、化合物(IIc)を、1当量~大過剰量の酸で、無溶媒または溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、-20℃と150℃の間の温度で、5分間~72時間処理することにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
酸としては、例えば塩酸、硫酸、リン酸、トリフルオロ酢酸等があげられる。
添加剤としては、例えばチオアニソール、ジメチルスルフィド、トリイソプロピルシラン等があげられる。
工程7
化合物(IIe)は、化合物(IIIb)と化合物(IId)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
添加剤および塩基としては、それぞれ工程5で例示したものがあげられる。
工程8
化合物(IIb)は、化合物(IIe)とチオール化合物を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
チオール化合物としては、例えばメタンチオール、エタンチオール、ドデカンチオール、チオフェノール、メルカプト酢酸等があげられる。
塩基としては、工程5で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(IIf)は、化合物(IIa)と化合物(IIIc)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
塩基としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(Ib)は、化合物(IIf)を、化合物(VI)と、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、-20℃と150℃の間の温度で、5分間~72時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒および添加剤としては、それぞれ工程3で例示したものがあげられる。
塩基としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(VIIb)は、化合物(VIIa)を、化合物(VIII)と、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程3で例示したものがあげられる。
塩基としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(VIIa)は、市販品としてまたは公知の方法(例えば、「第5版 実験化学講座14 有機化合物の合成II」、第5版、p.1、丸善(2005年))もしくはそれに準じた方法で得ることができる。
化合物(VIII)は、市販品として得ることができる。
化合物(IIIc)は、化合物(VIIb)を、メシル化試薬と、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、-20℃と150℃の間の温度で、5分間~72時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程3で例示したものがあげられる。
塩基としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
メシル化試薬としては、例えば無水メシル酸、メシル酸クロリド等があげられる。
化合物(IIf)は以下の方法によってもまた製造することができる。
化合物(IIg)は、化合物(IIIc)と化合物(IId)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
添加剤および塩基としては、それぞれ工程5で例示したものがあげられる。
工程14
化合物(IIf)は、化合物(IIg)とチオール化合物を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
チオール化合物としては、工程8で例示したものがあげられる。
塩基としては、工程5で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(B)のうち、R7がアルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルである化合物(Bc)は、化合物(IIf)の製造方法で得ることができる。
工程15
化合物(C)は、化合物(IIh)と化合物(Xa)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒および塩基としては、それぞれ工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
添加剤としては、工程5で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(IIh)は化合物(B)の製造方法で得ることができる。
化合物(Xa)は市販品としてまたは公知の方法(例えば、「第5版 実験化学講座13 有機化合物の合成I」、第5版、p.374、丸善(2005年))もしくはそれに準じた方法で得ることができる。
化合物(IXa)は、化合物(IIh)と化合物(Xb)を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、および/または必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒および塩基としては、それぞれ工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
添加剤としては、工程5で例示したものがあげられる。
化合物(IIh)は化合物(B)の製造方法で得ることができる。
化合物(Xb)は市販品としてまたは公知の方法(例えば、「第5版 実験化学講座18 有機化合物の合成VI」、第5版、p.171-172、丸善(2005年))もしくはそれに準じた方法で得ることができる。
化合物(Ca)は、化合物(IXa)と脱保護試薬を、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、-20℃と150℃の間の温度で、5分間~72時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1および2で例示したものがあげられる。
脱保護試薬としては、例えばフッ化テトラブチルアンモニウム、フッ化水素ピリジン複合体、フッ化水素酸等のフッ素化合物等、酢酸、トリフルオロ酢酸、パラトルエンスルホン酸ピリジニウム、塩酸等の酸等があげられる。
化合物(IXb)は、化合物(IIh)を、好ましくは1~大過剰量のアクリル酸エチルと、無溶媒でまたは溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の塩基の存在下、室温と200℃の間の温度で、5分間~100時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、工程1で例示したものがあげられる。
塩基としては、例えば炭酸カリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシド、カリウム tert-ブトキシド、トリエチルアミン、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン、N-メチルモルホリン、ピリジン、DBU等があげられる。
化合物(Cb)は、化合物(IXb)と、好ましくは1~10当量の還元剤を、溶媒中、必要により好ましくは1~10当量の添加剤の存在下、-20℃と150℃の間の温度で、5分間~72時間反応させることにより製造することができる。
溶媒としては、例えばテトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、ジエチルエーテル、ジクロロメタン、トルエン等があげられ、これらは単独でまたは混合して用いることができる。
還元剤としては、例えば水素化アルミニウムリチウム、水素化アルミニウム、水素化ジイソブチルアルミニウム、トリアセトキシ水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、シアン化水素化ホウ素ナトリウム、ボラン等があげられる。
添加剤としては、例えば塩化アルミニウム、塩化セリウム、塩化鉄、酢酸、塩酸等があげられる。
本発明のカチオン性脂質の中には、幾何異性体、光学異性体等の立体異性体、互変異性体等が存在し得るものもあるが、本発明のカチオン性脂質は、これらを含め、全ての可能な異性体およびそれらの混合物を包含する。
本発明のカチオン性脂質中の各原子の一部またはすべては、それぞれ対応する同位体原子で置き換わっていてもよく、化合物(A)、化合物(B)または化合物(C)は、これら同位体原子で置き換わった化合物も包含する。例えば、化合物(A)、化合物(B)または化合物(C)中の水素原子の一部またはすべては、原子量2の水素原子(重水素原子)であってもよい。
本発明のカチオン性脂質中の各原子の一部またはすべてが、それぞれ対応する同位体原子で置き換わった化合物は、市販のビルディングブロックを用いて、上記各製造法と同様な方法で製造することができる。また、化合物(A)、化合物(B)または化合物(C)中の水素原子の一部またはすべてが重水素原子で置き換わった化合物は、例えば、イリジウム錯体を触媒として用い、重水を重水素源として用いてアルコール、カルボン酸等を重水素化する方法[ジャーナル・オブ・アメリカン・ケミカル・ソサイアティ(J.Am.Chem.Soc.), Vol.124,No.10,2092(2002)参照]等を用いて合成することもできる。
ヌクレオチド誘導体としては、例えばヌクレオチドに修飾を施した分子であればいかなる分子であってもよいが、例えばRNAまたはDNAと比較して、ヌクレアーゼ耐性を向上させるかもしくはその他の分解因子から安定化させるため、相補鎖核酸とのアフィニティーをあげるため、細胞透過性をあげるため、または可視化させるために、リボヌクレオチドまたはデオキシリボヌクレオチドに修飾を施した分子等が好適に用いられる。
ヌクレオチド誘導体としては、例えば糖部修飾ヌクレオチド、リン酸ジエステル結合修飾ヌクレオチド、塩基修飾ヌクレオチド等があげられる。
糖部修飾ヌクレオチドとしては、例えばヌクレオチドの糖の化学構造の一部あるいは全てに対し、任意の置換基で修飾もしくは置換したもの、または任意の原子で置換したものであればいかなるものでもよいが、2’-修飾ヌクレオチドが好ましく用いられる。
また、糖部修飾ヌクレオチドとして、例えば2’位の修飾基が4’位の炭素原子に架橋した構造を有する架橋構造型人工核酸(Bridged Nucleic Acid)(BNA)、より具体的には、2’位の酸素原子と4’位の炭素原子がメチレンを介して架橋したロックト人工核酸(Locked Nucleic Acid)(LNA)、およびエチレン架橋構造型人工核酸(Ethylene bridged nucleic acid)(ENA)[Nucleic Acid Research, 32, e175(2004)]等もあげられ、これらは2’-修飾ヌクレオチドに含まれる。
さらに糖部修飾ヌクレオチドとして、ペプチド核酸(PNA)[Acc. Chem. Res., 32, 624(1999)]、オキシペプチド核酸(OPNA)[J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 4653(2001)]、ペプチドリボ核酸(PRNA)[J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122, 6900(2000)]等もあげられる。
また、糖部修飾ヌクレオチドにおける修飾基は、その大きさから好ましい範囲を定義することもでき、フルオロの大きさから-O-ブチルの大きさに相当するものが好ましく、-O-メチルの大きさから-O-エチルの大きさに相当するものがより好ましい。
糖部修飾ヌクレオチドにおける修飾基におけるアルケニルとしては、炭素数3~6のアルケニルがあげられ、例えばアリル、1-プロペニル、ブテニル、ペンテニル、ヘキセニル等があげられる。
糖部修飾ヌクレオチドにおける修飾基におけるハロゲンとしては、例えばフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子等があげられる。
アミノ酸残基におけるアミノ酸としては、例えば脂肪族アミノ酸(具体的には、グリシン、アラニン、バリン、ロイシン、イソロイシン等)、ヒドロキシアミノ酸(具体的には、セリン、トレオニン等)、酸性アミノ酸(具体的には、アスパラギン酸、グルタミン酸等)、酸性アミノ酸アミド(具体的には、アスパラギン、グルタミン等)、塩基性アミノ酸(具体的には、リジン、ヒドロキシリジン、アルギニン、オルニチン等)、含硫アミノ酸(具体的には、システイン、シスチン、メチオニン等)、イミノ酸(具体的には、プロリン、4-ヒドロキシプロリン等)等があげられる。
糖部修飾ヌクレオチドにおける修飾基における置換アルキルおよび置換アルケニルにおける置換基としては、例えば、ハロゲン(前記と同義)、ヒドロキシ、スルファニル、アミノ、オキソ、-O-アルキル(該-O-アルキルのアルキル部分は前記アルキルと同義)、-S-アルキル(該-S-アルキルのアルキル部分は前記アルキルと同義)、-NH-アルキル(該-NH-アルキルのアルキル部分は前記アルキルと同義)、ジアルキルアミノオキシ(該ジアルキルアミノオキシの2つのアルキル部分は同一または異なって前記アルキルと同義)、ジアルキルアミノ(該ジアルキルアミノの2つのアルキル部分は同一または異なって前記アルキルと同義)、ジアルキルアミノアルキルオキシ(該ジアルキルアミノアルキルオキシの2つのアルキル部分は同一または異なって前記アルキルと同義であり、アルキレン部分は前記アルキルから水素原子が1つ除かれたものを意味する)等があげられ、置換数は好ましくは1~3である。
塩基修飾ヌクレオチドとしては、ヌクレオチドの塩基の化学構造の一部あるいは全てに対し、任意の置換基で修飾もしくは置換したもの、または任意の原子で置換したものであればいかなるものでもよく、例えば、塩基内の酸素原子が硫黄原子で置換されたもの、水素原子が炭素数1~6のアルキル基で置換されたもの、メチル基が水素原子もしくは炭素数2~6のアルキル基で置換されたもの、アミノ基が炭素数1~6のアルキル基、炭素数1~6のアルカノイル基等の保護基で保護されたもの等があげられる。
さらに、ヌクレオチド誘導体として、ヌクレオチドまたは糖部、リン酸ジエステル結合もしくは塩基の少なくとも一つが修飾されたヌクレオチド誘導体に脂質、リン脂質、フェナジン、フォレート、フェナントリジン、アントラキノン、アクリジン、フルオレセイン、ローダミン、クマリン、色素等、別の化学物質を付加したものもあげられ、具体的には、5’-ポリアミン付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、コレステロール付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、ステロイド付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、胆汁酸付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、ビタミン付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、緑色蛍光色素(Cy3)付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、赤色蛍光色素(Cy5)付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、フルオロセイン(6-FAM)付加ヌクレオチド誘導体、およびビオチン付加ヌクレオチド誘導体等があげられる。
また、本発明で用いられる核酸においては、ヌクレオチドまたはヌクレオチド誘導体が、該核酸内の他のヌクレオチドまたはヌクレオチド誘導体とアルキレン構造、ペプチド構造、ヌクレオチド構造、エーテル構造、エステル構造、およびこれらの少なくとも一つを組み合わせた構造等の架橋構造を形成してもよい。
標的遺伝子のmRNAの一部の塩基配列に対して相補的な塩基配列を含む核酸をアンチセンス鎖核酸といい、アンチセンス鎖核酸の塩基配列に対して相補的な塩基配列を含む核酸をセンス鎖核酸ともいう。センス鎖核酸は、標的遺伝子の一部の塩基配列からなる核酸そのもの等、アンチセンス鎖核酸と対合して二重鎖形成部ができる核酸をいう。
二本鎖核酸とは、二本の鎖が対合し二重鎖形成部を有する核酸をいう。二重鎖形成部とは、二本鎖核酸を構成するヌクレオチドまたはその誘導体が塩基対を構成して二重鎖を形成している部分をいう。二重鎖形成部を構成する塩基対は、通常15~27塩基対であり、15~25塩基対が好ましく、15~23塩基対がより好ましく、15~21塩基対がさらに好ましく、15~19塩基対が特に好ましい。
二本鎖核酸を構成するアンチセンス鎖、センス鎖のいずれか一方、または両方の核酸は、二重鎖形成部に続く3’側または5’側に二重鎖を形成しない追加の核酸を有してもよい。この二重鎖を形成しない部分を突出部(オーバーハング)ともいう。
突出部を有する二本鎖核酸としては、例えば少なくとも一方の鎖の3’末端または5’末端に1~4塩基、通常は1~3塩基からなる突出部を有するものが用いられるが、2塩基からなる突出部を有するものが好ましく用いられ、dTdTまたはUUからなる突出部を有するものがより好ましく用いられる。突出部は、アンチセンス鎖のみ、センス鎖のみ、およびアンチセンス鎖とセンス鎖の両方に有することができるが、アンチセンス鎖とセンス鎖の両方に突出部を有する二本鎖核酸が好ましく用いられる。
また、二重鎖形成部に続いて標的遺伝子のmRNAの塩基配列と一部または全てが一致する配列、または、二重鎖形成部に続いて標的遺伝子のmRNAの相補鎖の塩基配列と一部または全てが一致する配列を用いてもよい。さらに、標的遺伝子の発現を抑制する核酸としては、例えばDicer等のリボヌクレアーゼの作用により前記の二本鎖核酸を生成する核酸分子(国際公開第2005/089287号パンフレット)や、3’末端や5’末端の突出部を有していない二本鎖核酸等を用いることもできる。
また、アンチセンス鎖およびセンス鎖の3’末端の塩基に結合する糖は、それぞれ3’位の水酸基が、リン酸基もしくは前記の修飾基、または生体内の核酸分解酵素等でリン酸基もしくは前記の修飾基に変換される基によって修飾されていてもよい。
一本鎖核酸として、上記の二本鎖核酸を構成するアンチセンス鎖およびセンス鎖を、スペーサー配列(スペーサーオリゴヌクレオチド)を介して連結したものを用いてもよい。スペーサーオリゴヌクレオチドとしては6~12塩基の一本鎖核酸分子が好ましく、その5’末端側の配列は2個のUであるのが好ましい。スペーサーオリゴヌクレオチドの例として、UUCAAGAGAの配列からなる核酸があげられる。スペーサーオリゴヌクレオチドによってつながれるアンチセンス鎖およびセンス鎖の順番はどちらが5’側になってもよい。該一本鎖核酸としては、例えばステムループ構造によって二重鎖形成部を有するshRNA等の一本鎖核酸であることが好ましい。shRNA等の一本鎖核酸は、通常50~70塩基長である。
リボヌクレアーゼ等の作用により、上記の一本鎖核酸または二本鎖核酸を生成するように設計した、70塩基長以下、好ましくは50塩基長以下、さらに好ましくは30塩基長以下の核酸を用いてもよい。
また、本発明の組成物としては、例えば本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質と核酸との複合体、または本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと核酸との複合体ならびに該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有し、該脂質膜に本発明のカチオン性脂質を含有する組成物等もあげられる。この場合の脂質膜も、脂質一重膜(脂質1分子膜)でも脂質二重膜(脂質2分子膜)であってもよい。また、該脂質膜に、本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質、中性脂質および/または高分子を含有していてもよい。
複合体および該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有する組成物としては、例えば該複合体および該複合体を脂質二重膜で封入するリポソーム等があげられる。
なお、本発明の組成物には、本発明のカチオン性脂質を一種または複数種を使用してよく、また本発明のカチオン性脂質には、本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質を混合してもよい。
本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質としては、例えば、特開昭61-161246号公報(米国特許5049386号明細書)中で開示される、N-[1-(2,3-ジオレイルオキシ)プロピル]-N,N,N-トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド(DOTMA)、N-(2,3-ジ-(9-(Z)-オクタデセノイルオキシ))-プロパ-1-イル-N,N,N-トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド(DOTAP)等、国際公開第91/16024号パンフレットおよび国際公開第97/019675号パンフレット中で開示される、N-[1-(2,3-ジオレイルオキシプロピル)]-N,N-ジメチル-N-ヒドロキシエチル臭化アンモニウム(DORIE)、2,3-ジオレイルオキシ-N-[2-(スペルミンカルボキシアミド)エチル]-N,N-ジメチル-1-プロパナミニウムトリフルオロ酢酸(DOSPA)等、国際公開第2005/121348号パンフレット中で開示される、DLinDMA等、国際公開第2009/086558号パンフレット中で開示される、DLin-K-DMA、国際公開第2011/136368号パンフレット中で開示される、(3R,4R)-3,4-ビス((Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エニルオキシ)-1-メチルピロリジン、N-メチル-N,N-ビス(2-((Z)-オクタデカ-6-エニルオキシ)エチル)アミン等があげられ、好ましくはDOTMA、DOTAP、DORIE、DOSPA、1,2-ジリノレイルオキシ-N,N-ジメチルアミノプロパン(DLinDMA)、2,2-ジリノレイル-4-ジメチルアミノメチル-[1,3]-ジオキソラン(DLin-K-DMA)等の2つの非置換アルキル基を有する3級アミン部位または3つの非置換アルキル基を有する4級アンモニウム部位を有するカチオン性脂質があげられ、より好ましくは、該3級アミン部位を有するカチオン性脂質があげられる。該3級アミン部位および該4級アンモニウム部位の非置換アルキル基はメチル基であることがより好ましい。
なお、本発明の組成物は、核酸を含有することができるが、核酸と化学的に近似した化合物も含有することもできる。
なお、本発明において、本発明のカチオン性脂質と核酸との複合体、または本発明のカチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと核酸との複合体ならびに該複合体を封入した脂質膜を含有する組成物、本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質と核酸との複合体、または本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと核酸との複合体ならびに該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有し、該脂質膜に本発明のカチオン性脂質を含有する組成物等の製造中および製造後に、複合体中の核酸と脂質膜中のカチオン性脂質との静電相互作用や、複合体中のカチオン性脂質と脂質膜中のカチオン性脂質との融合によって、複合体および膜の構造が変位したものも、それぞれ本発明のカチオン性脂質と核酸との複合体、または本発明のカチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと核酸との複合体ならびに該複合体を封入した脂質膜を含有する組成物、または本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質と核酸との複合体、または本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと核酸との複合体ならびに該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有し、該脂質膜に本発明のカチオン性脂質を含有する組成物等に包含される。
また、本開示の該核酸と該リポソームとの複合体中のリポソームは、予め大きさを、平均粒子径10nm~400nm、より好ましくは30nm~110nm、さらに好ましくは40nm~80nmに調節したリポソームが好ましい。また、該複合体および/または脂質膜に、中性脂質および/または高分子を含有していてもよい。また、A液は、リポソームと該核酸との複合体を形成させることができれば、エタノール濃度は、20~40%であってもよい。
また、等量のA液とB液を混合する代わりに、A液とB液を混合後に複合体が溶解せず、かつB液中のカチオン性脂質が溶解しないエタノール濃度、好ましくは複合体が溶解せず、B液中のカチオン性脂質が溶解せず、かつエタノール濃度が30~60%のエタノール水溶液になるような比でA液とB液を混合することに代えてもよく、あるいはA液とB液を混合後に複合体が溶解しないようなエタノール濃度になるような比でA液とB液を混合し、さらに水を加えることで、B液中のカチオン性脂質が溶解しなくなるエタノール濃度にすることにしてもよい。
本開示の該A液中での核酸とリポソームとの複合体は、A液とB液を混合し、さらに適宜に水を加えた後には、カチオン性脂質を含有する脂質一重層からなる膜(逆ミセル)と核酸との複合体に形態が変化している。本開示の製造方法で得られる該核酸と該カチオン性脂質を含有する組成物は、好ましくはカチオン性脂質と核酸との複合体および該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有する組成物であり、より好ましくは、カチオン性脂質を含有する脂質一重層からなる膜(逆ミセル)と核酸との複合体および該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有し、該脂質膜にカチオン性脂質を含有する組成物であり、その製造性(収率および/または均一性)は優れている。
本発明の組成物において、複合体および該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有する組成物中の本発明のカチオン性脂質の分子の総数は、該核酸のリン原子の数に対して1~10倍であるのが好ましく、2.5~9倍であるのがより好ましく、3.5~8倍であるのがさらに好ましい。また、該組成物中の本発明のカチオン性脂質および本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質の分子の総数は、該核酸のリン原子の数に対して1~10倍であるのが好ましく、2.5~9倍であるのがより好ましく、3.5~8倍であるのがさらに好ましい。
本発明の組成物において中性脂質を含有する場合には、中性脂質の分子の総数は、本発明のカチオン性脂質および本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質の分子の総数に対して0.1~1.8倍であるのが好ましく、0.3~1.2倍であるのがより好ましく、0.4~1.0倍であるのがさらに好ましい。本発明の組成物は、いずれも中性脂質を、複合体に含有してもよく、複合体を封入する脂質膜に含有していてもよく、少なくとも複合体を封入する脂質膜に含有していることがより好ましく、複合体および該複合体を封入する脂質膜のどちらにも含有していることがさらに好ましい。
本発明の組成物が、糖、ペプチド、核酸および水溶性高分子から選ばれる1以上の物質の脂質誘導体もしくは脂肪酸誘導体を含有する場合には、糖、ペプチド、核酸および水溶性高分子から選ばれる1以上の物質の脂質誘導体および脂肪酸誘導体の分子の総数は、本発明のカチオン性脂質および本発明のカチオン性脂質以外のカチオン性脂質の分子の総数に対して0.05~0.3倍であるのが好ましく、0.07~0.25倍であるのがより好ましく、0.1~0.2倍であるのがさらに好ましい。
また、標的化リガンドを、本発明の組成物の脂質成分の極性ヘッド残基に共有結合することにより本発明の組成物の表面に直接結合させることも任意に行うことができる(国際公開第2006/116107号パンフレット参照)。
本発明の組成物(複合体を封入する脂質膜)の大きさは、平均粒子径が約10nm~300nmであるのが好ましく、約30nm~200nmであるのがより好ましく、約50nm~150nmであるのがさらに好ましい。
本発明の組成物中の複合体または複合体を封入する脂質膜の平均粒子径は、例えば動的光散乱法で測定することができる。
本発明の組成物中の核酸が、RNA干渉(RNAi)を利用した標的遺伝子の発現抑制作用を有する核酸であれば、インビボでほ乳類の細胞内に、標的遺伝子の発現を抑制する該核酸等を導入することができ、標的遺伝子の発現の抑制ができる。投与対象は、人であることが好ましい。
また、本発明における標的遺伝子が、例えば肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓において発現する遺伝子、好ましくは肝臓において発現する遺伝子であれば、本発明の組成物を、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療剤または予防剤、好ましくは肝臓に関連する疾患の治療剤または予防剤として使用することができる。
即ち、本発明は、上記説明した本発明の組成物を哺乳動物に投与する肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療方法も提供する。投与対象は、人であることが好ましく、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患に罹患している人がより好ましい。
また、本発明の組成物は、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療剤または予防剤に関するインビボの薬効評価モデルにおいて、標的遺伝子を抑制することの有効性を検証するためのツールとして使用することもできる。
投与量は、投与対象の病状や年齢、投与経路等によって異なるが、例えば核酸に換算した1日投与量が約0.1μg~1000mgとなるように投与すればよい。
注射剤の場合、前記の組成物の分散液または前記の溶媒を除去または凍結乾燥した組成物に、例えば水、酸、アルカリ、種々の緩衝液、生理食塩水またはアミノ酸輸液等を混合して注射剤を調製することが好ましい。また、例えばクエン酸、アスコルビン酸、システインもしくはEDTA等の抗酸化剤またはグリセリン、ブドウ糖もしくは塩化ナトリウム等の等張化剤等を添加して注射剤を調製することも可能である。また、例えばグリセリン等の凍結保存剤を加えて凍結保存することもできる。
なお、実施例および参考例に示されたプロトン核磁気共鳴スペクトル(1H NMR)は、270MHz、300MHz、400MHzまたは500MHzで測定されたものであり、化合物および測定条件によっては交換性プロトンが明瞭には観測されないことがある。なお、シグナルの多重度の表記としては通常用いられるものを用いているが、brとは見かけ上幅広いシグナルであることを表す。
アンモニア(東京化成工業社製、約2 mol/Lメタノール溶液、18.0 mL、36.0 mmol)に、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル メタンスルホナート(ニューチェック・プレップ・インク(Nu-Chek Prep,Inc)社製、1.55 g、4.50 mmol)を加え、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて130℃で3時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えてクロロホルムで5回抽出した。有機層を合わせて飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮することで(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニルアミンの粗生成物を得た。
得られた粗生成物に(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル メタンスルホナート(Nu-Chek Prep,Inc社製、1.24 g、3.60 mmol)および50%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(1.44 g、18.0 mmol)を加え、油浴上110℃で60分間攪拌した。室温まで冷却後、反応液を酢酸エチルで希釈し、水、ついで飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール=100/0~95/5)で精製することにより、化合物B-1(0.838 g、収率36.2%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 515(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9Hz, 6H), 1.30(br s, 33H), 1.41-1.54(m, 4H), 2.01-2.09(m, 8H), 2.59(t, J= 7.2 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 5.6 Hz, 4H), 5.28-5.43(m, 8H).
参考例1と同様の方法で、アンモニア(東京化成工業社製、約2 mol/Lメタノール溶液、12.0 mL、24.0 mmol)および(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル メタンスルホナート(Nu-Chek Prep,Inc社製、1.87 g、5.40 mmol)を用い、化合物B-2(0.562 g、収率36.2%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 519(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 6H), 1.29(br s, 45H), 1.41-1.52(m, 4H), 1.97-2.05(m, 8H), 2.58(t, J= 7.2 Hz, 4H), 5.28-5.40(m, 4H).
参考例1と同様の方法で、アンモニア(シグマ・アルドリッチ(SIGMA-ALDRICH)社製、約7 mol/Lメタノール溶液、1.66 mL、11.6 mmol)および(Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エニル メタンスルホナート(Nu-Chek Prep,Inc社製、0.488 g、1.46 mmol)を用い、化合物B-3(0.243 g、収率36.0%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.24-1.37(m, 37H), 1.43-1.52(m, 4H), 1.98-2.05(m, 8H), 2.58(t, J= 7.2 Hz, 4H), 5.31-5.38(m, 4H).
参考例1と同様の方法で、アンモニア(SIGMA-ALDRICH社製、約7 mol/Lメタノール溶液、1.60 mL、11.2 mmol)および(11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニル メタンスルホナート(Nu-Chek Prep,Inc社製、0.521 g、1.40 mmol)を用い、化合物B-4(0.292 g、収率36.6%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.24-1.39(m, 41H), 1.43-1.51(m, 4H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.58(t, J= 7.3 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(1.35 g、2.63 mmol)をクロロホルム(18 mL)に溶解させ、“ジャーナル・オブ・アメリカン・ケミカル・ソサイエティー(J.Am.Chem.Soc.)”,1981年,第103巻,p.4194-4199記載の方法に準じた方法で合成した3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル 4-ニトロフェニル カルボナート塩酸塩(化合物VI-1)(1.20 g、3.94 mmol)およびトリエチルアミン(1.47 mL、10.5 mmol)を加え、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて110℃で60分間攪拌した。反応液に化合物VI-1(200 mg、0.658 mmol)を加え、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて110℃で20分間攪拌した。反応液に化合物VI-1(200 mg、0.658 mmol)を加え、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて110℃で20分間攪拌した。反応液に化合物VI-1(200 mg、0.658 mmol)を加え、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて110℃で20分間攪拌した。反応液をクロロホルムで希釈し、1 mol/L水酸化ナトリウム水溶液で3回洗浄し、ついで飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣を少量のn-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル(1/4)に溶解してアミノ修飾シリカゲルのパッドに吸着させ、n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル(1/4)で溶出し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール=100/0~95/5)で精製することで化合物A-1(1.39 g、収率82.2%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 644(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 6H), 1.29(br s, 32H), 1.45-1.56(m, 4H), 1.74-1.85(m, 2H), 2.00-2.09(m, 8H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.35(t, J= 7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 5.8 Hz, 4H), 3.13-3.23(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.28-5.43(m, 8H).
(化合物A-2)
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例2で得られる化合物B-2(0.156 g、0.301 mmol)を用い、化合物A-2(0.267 g、収率88.7%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 648(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 6H), 1.28(br s, 44H), 1.45-1.55(m, 4H), 1.75-1.85(m, 2H), 1.97-2.04(m, 8H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.13-3.24(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.28-5.40(m, 4H).
(化合物A-3)
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例3で得られる化合物B-3(0.164 g、0.355 mmol)を用い、化合物A-3(0.116 g、収率55.2%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 592(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.38(m, 36H), 1.47-1.54(m, 4H), 1.75-1.83(m, 2H), 2.00-2.04(m, 8H), 2.22(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.4 Hz, 2H), 3.11-3.24(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.38(m, 4H).
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例4で得られる化合物B-4(0.288 g、0.505 mmol)を用い、化合物A-4(0.290 g、収率82.2%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 700(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.40(m, 40H), 1.46-1.54(m, 4H), 1.76-1.83(m, 2H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.35(t, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.10-3.24(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
実施例5と同様の方法で、実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(0.215 g、0.418 mmol)および、化合物VI-1の代わりに2-(ジメチルアミノ)エチル 4-ニトロフェニル カルボナート塩酸塩(化合物VI-2)(0.162 g、0.557 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-5(0.184 g、収率70.0%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 630(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.12-1.39(m, 32H), 1.45-1.54(m, 4H), 2.00-2.07(m, 8H), 2.28(s, 6H), 2.57(t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.11-3.24(m, 4H), 4.17(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 2H), 5.28-5.41(m, 8H).
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(150 mg、0.292 mmol)をクロロホルム(4 mL)に溶解させ、5-(tert-ブトキシカルボニルアミノ)ペンタン酸(東京化成工業社製、95 mg、0.438 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(0.255 mL、1.46 mmol)およびHATU(O-(7-アザベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル)-N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルウロニウム ヘキサフルオロホスフェート)(アルドリッチ社製、222 mg、0.584 mmol)を加え、室温で4時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、水層を酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール=100/0~97/3)で精製することでtert-ブチル 5-(ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)アミノ)-5-オキソペンチルカルバマートを得た。
tert-ブチル 5-(ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)アミノ)-5-オキソペンチルカルバマートをジクロロメタン(4 mL)に溶解させ、トリフルオロ酢酸(0.450 mL、5.84 mmol)を加え室温で4時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、水層をクロロホルムで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール=100/0~90/10)で精製することで化合物XI-1(124 mg、収率96.1%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 614(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.28-1.38(m, 32H), 1.43-1.57(m, 6H), 1.63-1.73(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.30(t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.71(t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.2 Hz, 4H), 3.19(t, J= 7.7 Hz, 2H), 3.28(t, J= 7.7 Hz, 2H), 5.28-5.43(m, 8H).
参考例1で得られる化合物XI-1(90.0 mg、0.147 mmol)を1,2-ジクロロエタン(2 mL)とメタノール(2 mL)に溶解させ、ホルムアルデヒド(0.219 mL、2.94 mmol)およびナトリウムトリアセトキシボロヒドリド(アクロス・オーガニクス(Acros Organics)社製、311 mg、1.47 mmol)を加え室温で5時間攪拌した。反応溶液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、水層を酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール=100/0~75/25)で精製することで化合物XI-2(88.2 mg、収率93.9%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 642(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 7.0 Hz, 6H), 1.26-1.38(m, 32H), 1.46-1.71(m, 8H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.22(s, 6H), 2.29(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 6.2 Hz, 4H), 3.19(t, J= 7.9 Hz, 2H), 3.28(t, J= 7.7 Hz, 2H), 5.28-5.42(m, 8H).
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(146 mg、0.284 mmol)をN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(5 mL)に溶解させ、“ジャーナル・オブ・アメリカン・ケミカル・ソサイエティー(J.Am.Chem.Soc.)”,1981年,第103巻,p.4194-4199記載の方法に準じた方法で合成したtert-ブチル 3-((4-ニトロフェノキシ)カルボニルオキシ)プロピルカルバマート(145 mg、0.426 mmol)およびトリエチルアミン(0.158 mL、1.14 mmol)を加え、室温で終夜攪拌した。反応混合物に水を加え、水層を酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール=100/0~98/2)で精製することで3-((N-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)プロピル ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)カルバマートを得た。
3-((N-ブトキシカルボニル)アミノ)プロピル ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)カルバマートをジクロロメタン(4 mL)に溶解させ、トリフルオロ酢酸(0.242 mL、3.13 mmol)を加え室温で8時間攪拌した。反応混合物に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、水層をクロロホルムで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(NHシリカゲル、クロロホルム/メタノール=100/0~90/10)で精製することで化合物XI-3(75.6 mg、収率43.3%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 616(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.26-1.38(m, 32H), 1.46-1.54(m, 4H), 1.73-1.82(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 6.6 Hz, 8H), 2.76-2.80(m, 6H), 3.18(br s, 4H), 4.15(t, J= 6.2 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.43(m, 8H).
クロロぎ酸4-ニトロフェニル(東京化成工業社製、1.761 g、8.56 mmol)のジエチルエーテル(20 mL)溶液に、2-(1-メチルピロリジン-2-イル)エタノール(東京化成工業社製、1.0 mL、7.13 mmol)のジエチルエーテル(20 mL)溶液を加え、室温にて終夜攪拌した。反応液を減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣をエタノール/ジエチルエーテル(1/1)より結晶化させ、濾取することで化合物VI-3(1.27 g、収率54%)を得た。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δ: 1.59-1.77(m, 2H), 1.82-2.09(m, 3H), 2.15-2.26(m, 1H), 2.76(s, 3H), 2.93-3.05(m, 2H), 3.61-3.20(m, 3H), 4.80(br s, 1H), 6.95(d, J= 9.2 Hz, 2H), 8.11(d, J= 9.2 Hz, 2H)
クロロぎ酸4-ニトロフェニル(1.58 g、7.67 mmol)のジエチルエーテル(32 mL)溶液に、3-(ピペリジン-1-イル)プロパン-1-オール(SIGMA-ALDRICH社製、1.00 mL、6.39 mmol)を加え、室温にて終夜攪拌した。反応液を減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣をエタノールより結晶化させ、濾取することで化合物VI-4(1.86 g、収率84%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 309(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δ: 1.28-1.49(m, 1H), 1.62-1.89(m, 5H), 2.10-2.26(m, 2H), 2.76-2.96(m, 2H), 3.04-3.19(m, 2H), 3.36-3.49(m, 2H), 4.33(t, J= 6.1 Hz, 2H), 7.58(d, J= 9.2 Hz, 2H), 8.33(d, J= 9.2 Hz, 2H), 10.37(br s, 1H).
クロロぎ酸4-ニトロフェニル(596 mg、2.84 mmol)のジエチルエーテル(10 mL)溶液に、3-(ピロリジン-1-イル)プロパン-1-オール(ABCR社製、386 mg、2.84 mmol)ジエチルエーテル(10 mL)溶液を加え、室温にて2時間攪拌した。反応液を減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣をエタノールより結晶化させ、濾取することで化合物VI-5(498 mg、収率53%)を得た。
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δ: 1.76-1.84(m, 2H), 1.85-2.00(m, 4H), 3.11-3.16(m, 2H), 3.30-3.44(m, 4H), 3.47(t, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 4,77(br s, 1H), 6.95(d, J= 9.2 Hz, 2H), 8.11(d, J= 9.2 Hz, 2H)
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(0.161 g、0.314 mmol)をアセトニトリル(3.0 mL)に溶解させ、参考例4で得られる化合物VI-3(0.156 g、0.470 mmol)およびトリエチルアミン(0.219 mL、1.57 mmol)を加え、80℃で2時間攪拌した。反応液を酢酸エチルで希釈し、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 80/20)で精製することにより、化合物A-6(0.172 g、収率82%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 670(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.20-1.40(m, 32H), 1.45-1.57(m, 6H), 1.62-1.83(m, 2H), 1.94-2.18(m, 12H), 2.31(s, 3H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.03-3.26(m, 5H), 4.06-4.17(m, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物VI-1の代わりに参考例5で得られる化合物VI-4を用いて、化合物A-7(0.387 g、収率81%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 684(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.62(m, 42H), 1.79-1.86(m, 2H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.32-2.42(m, 6H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.10-3.43(m, 4H), 4.09(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例6で得られる化合物VI-5(0.168 g、0.508 mmol)を用い、化合物A-8(0.225 g、収率99%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 670(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.40(m, 32H), 1.46-1.55(m, 4H), 1.76-1.80(m, 4H), 1.82-1.89(m, 2H), 2.01-2.08(m, 8H), 2.47-2.55(m, 6H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.11-3.24(m, 4H), 4.11(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル メタンスルホナート(Nu-Chek Prep,Inc社製、2.85 g、8.27 mmol)のアセトニトリル(30 ml)溶液に、炭酸セシウム(6.74 g、20.67 mmol)、ヨウ化テトラブチルアンモニウム(東京化成工業社製、3.05 g、8.27 mmol)およびN-(tert-ブトキシカルボニル)-2-ニトロベンゼンスルホンアミド(東京化成工業社製、2.50 g、8.27 mmol)を加え、3時間加熱還流下反応させた。反応液を室温まで冷却し、水を加えて酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 91/9~70/30)で精製することにより、tert-ブチル(2-ニトロフェニル)スルホニル((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イル)カルバマート(3.21 g、収率70.5%)を得た。
tert-ブチル(2-ニトロフェニル)スルホニル((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イル)カルバマート(3.21 g、5.83 mmol)のジクロロメタン(22.5 ml)溶液にトリフルオロ酢酸(9.63 ml、126 mmol)を加え、室温で0.5時間攪拌した。反応液にジクロロメタンおよび水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(1 mol/L、100 mL)を加え、さらに飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えて水層のpHを8以上に調整した。得られた混合物をジクロロメタンで抽出し、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/クロロホルム = 50/50~0/100)で精製し、化合物IId-1(2.48 g、収率94%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 451(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 7.0 Hz, 3H), 1.22-1.39(m, 16H), 1.52(m, 2H), 2.01-2.05(m, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.09(q, J= 6.7 Hz, 2H), 5.23(m, 1H), 5.31-5.42(m, 4H), 7.71-7.76(m, 2H), 7.78-7.87(1H), 8.13-8.15(m, 1H).
参考例7で得られる化合物IId-1(0.714 g、1.584 mmol)と1-ブロモドデカン(東京化成工業製、0.474 g、1.90 mmol)のアセトニトリル(6 ml)溶液にヨウ化テトラブチルアンモニウム(東京化成工業社製、0.585 g、1.58 mmol)および炭酸セシウム(1.03 g、3.17 mmol)を加え、60℃で1時間攪拌した。反応液に水を加え、n-ヘキサンで3回抽出した。抽出液をカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 94/6~84/16)で精製してN-ドデシル-2-ニトロ-N-((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イル)ベンゼンスルホンアミド(0.750 g、収率76%)を得た。
N-ドデシル-2-ニトロ-N-((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イル)ベンゼンスルホンアミド(0.748 g、1.21 mmol)のアセトニトリル(7 ml)溶液に1-ドデカンチオール(東京化成工業社製、0.611 g、3.02 mmol)および1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]-7-ウンデセン(ナカライテスク社製、0.460 g、3.02 mmol)を加え、60℃で1時間攪拌した。反応液に水を加え、酢酸エチルで2回抽出した。有機層を合わせ、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル=80:20、ついでクロロホルム/メタノール = 100/0~88/12)で精製することで化合物B-5(0.534 g、定量的収率)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 434(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 1.24-1.38(m, 35H), 1.49-1.54(m, 4H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 4H), 2.62(t, J= 7.4 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 4H).
実施例13と同様の方法で、参考例7で得られる化合物IId-1(0.619 g、1.37 mmol)および、1-ブロモドデカンの代わりに1-ブロモデカン(東京化成工業社製、0.365 g、1.65 mmol)を用い、化合物B-6(0.423 g、収率76%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 406(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H), 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 1.25-1.38(m, 31H), 1.46-1.50(m, 4H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 4H), 2.59(t, J= 7.2 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 2H), 5.31-5.40(m, 4H).
実施例13と同様の方法で、参考例7で得られる化合物IId-1(0.714 g、1.58 mmol)および、1-ブロモドデカンの代わりに1-ブロモオクタン(東京化成工業社製、0.367 g、1.90 mmol)を用い、化合物B-7(0.519 g、収率87%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 378(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 7.1 Hz, 3H), 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 1.24-1.39(m, 27H), 1.48-1.54(m, 4H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 4H), 2.62(t, J= 7.4 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 4H).
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例13で得られる化合物B-5(0.260 g、0.600 mmol)を用い、化合物A-9(0.309 g、収率91%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 563(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 1.23-1.38(m, 34H), 1.48-1.53(m, 4H), 1.77-1.82(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 7.1 Hz, 4H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.13-3.22(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.5 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 4H).
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例14で得られる化合物B-6(0.185 g、0.456 mmol)を用い、化合物A-10(0.228 g、収率93%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 535(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.89(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.24-1.38(m, 30H), 1.48-1.53(m, 4H), 1.77-1.82(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 4H), 2.22(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.14-3.22(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.31-5.40(m, 4H).
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例15で得られる化合物B-7(0.227 g、0.600 mmol)を用い、化合物A-11(0.275 g、収率90%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 507(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 3H), 1.22-1.39(m, 26H), 1.47-1.54(m, 4H), 1.76-1.82(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 6.0 Hz, 4H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.12-3.22(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.5 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 4H).
(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イル メタンスルホナート(983 mg、2.85 mmol)にエチレングリコール(3.16 ml、57.1 mmol)および1,4-ジオキサン(5 ml)を加え、1日間加熱還流下攪拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.5 mol/L)を加えてn-ヘキサンで2回抽出した。有機層を合わせ、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム100%)で精製することで2-((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニルオキシ)エタノール(668 mg、収率75%)を得た。
2-((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニルオキシ)エタノール(660 mg、2.13 mmol)とトリエチルアミン(0.444 mL、3.19 mmol)のジクロロメタン(9 ml)溶液に、0℃で無水メシル酸(SIGMA-ALDRICH社製、0.247 ml、3.19 mmol)を加え、室温で40分間攪拌した。反応液に水を加え、クロロホルムで抽出した。有機層を、塩酸(1 mol/L)、飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮して化合物IIIc-1を得た。
実施例13と同様の方法で、参考例7で得られる化合物IId-1(0.798 g、1.77 mmol)および、1-ブロモドデカンの代わりに参考例8で得られる化合物IIIc-1(0.826 g、2.13 mmol)を用い、化合物B-8(0.676 g、収率68%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 558(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.27-1.38(m, 32H), 1.46-1.52(m, 2H), 1.54-1.60(m, 3H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.61(t, J= 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 5.5 Hz, 6H), 3.42(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.52(t, J= 5.4 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例19で得られる化合物B-8(0.184 g、0.330 mmol)を用い、化合物A-12(0.208 g、収率92%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 687(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.25-1.38(m, 32H), 1.50-1.57(m, 4H), 1.77-1.83(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.22(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.23-3.54(m, 8H), 4.11(t, J= 6.5 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
水素化ナトリウム(油性、60%、1.69 g、42.2 mmol)に、N-ベンジルジエタノールアミン(東京化成工業社製、1.65 g、8.44 mmol)のトルエン(10 mL)溶液を攪拌しながらゆっくりと添加した後、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル メタンスルホナート(Nu-Chek Prep,Inc社製、6.69 g、19.4 mmol)のトルエン(10 mL)溶液を滴下した。得られた混合物を加熱還流下4時間攪拌した。室温まで冷却後、反応をエタノールで停止させた。得られた混合物に飽和食塩水を加え、酢酸エチルで2回抽出した。有機層を合わせ、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール = 100/0~99/1)で精製することによりN-ベンジル-N,N-ビス(2-((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニルオキシ)エチル)アミン(4.01 g、収率69%)を得た。
N-ベンジル-N,N-ビス(2-((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニルオキシ)エチル)アミン(4.01 g、5.89 mmol))を1,2-ジクロロエタン(29 mL)に溶解させ、クロロぎ酸1-クロロエチル(東京化成工業社製、1.90 mL、17.4 mmol)を加え130℃で1時間攪拌した。反応溶液にメタノール(29 mL)を加え、130℃でさらに1時間攪拌した。室温まで冷却後、反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、クロロホルムで2回抽出した。有機層を合わせ、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、減圧濃縮した。残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 90/10~75/25)で精製することにより化合物XI-4(5.56 g、収率92%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 621(M+ H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 7.0 Hz, 6H), 1.27-1.30(m, 33H), 1.53-1.59(m, 4H), 2.05(q, J= 7.1 Hz, 8H), 2.77(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 4H), 2.80(t, J= 5.4 Hz, 4H), 3.42(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 4H), 3.53(t, J= 5.4 Hz, 4H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
(化合物XI-5)
実施例5と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに参考例9で得られる化合物XI-4(1.20 g、1.99 mmol)を用い、化合物XI-5(1.32 g、収率91%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 732(M+ H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 7.0 Hz, 6H), 1.27-1.30(m, 30H), 1.51-1.57(m, 4H), 1.77-1.83(m, 4H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.38-3.54(m, 12H), 4.12(t, J= 6.5 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(0.788 g、1.53 mmol)をエタノール(8 mL)に溶解させ、アクリル酸エチル(東京化成工業社製、1.67 mL、15.3 mmol)およびナトリウムエトキシド(和光純薬工業社製、0.0520 g、0.767 mmol)を加え、加熱還流下、3時間攪拌した。反応液を減圧濃縮した後、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 85/15)で精製することにより、化合物XI-6(0.699 g、収率74%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 615(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.45(m, 39H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.35-2.44(m, 6H), 2.75-2.80(m, 6H), 4.12(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.42(m, 8H).
参考例11で得られる化合物XI-6(0.199 g、0.324 mmol)をテトラヒドロフラン(2 mL)に溶解させ、氷冷下、水素化リチウムアルミニウム(純正化学社製、0.012 g、0.324 mmol)を加え、3時間攪拌した。反応液に水(0.0600 mL、3.33 mmol)およびフッ化ナトリウム(ナカライテスク社製、0.408 g、9.72 mmol)を加え、室温にて0.5時間攪拌した。不溶物をセライト濾過により除去した。ろ液を濃縮後、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール = 98/2)で精製することにより、化合物C-1(0.181 g、収率98%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 573(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.40(m, 32H), 1.42-1.51(m, 4H), 1.64-1.71(m, 2H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.40(t, J= 7.3 Hz, 4H), 2.64(t, J= 5.3 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.79(t, J= 5.3 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.42(m, 8H).
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(0.228 g、0.444 mmol)をジクロロエタン(2 mL)に溶解させ、メタノール(2 mL)および2,3-ジヒドロキシプロパナール(ナカライテスク社製、0.400 g、4.44 mmol)を加え、室温にて0.5時間攪拌した。反応液にトリアセトキシ水素化ほう素ナトリウム(東京化成工業社製、0.470 g、2.22 mmol)を加え、室温にて終夜攪拌した。反応液に2,3-ジヒドロキシプロパナール(0.400 g、4.44 mmol)を加え、室温にて3時間攪拌した。反応液にトリアセトキシ水素化ほう素ナトリウム(0.470 g、2.22 mmol)を加え、室温にて終夜攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えてクロロホルムで2回抽出した。有機層を合わせて飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 50/50)で精製することにより、化合物XI-7(0.0449 g、収率17%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 589(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.19-1.51(m, 36H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.38-2.62(m, 6H), 2.77(t, J= 6.7 Hz, 4H), 3.46-3.50(m, 1H), 3.69-3.77(m, 2H), 5.30-5.42(m, 8H).
化合物XI-8は、国際公開第2011/136368号パンフレットに記載の方法で合成した。
工程1
クロロぎ酸4-ニトロフェニル(0.867 g、4.21 mmol) のジクロロメタン(20 mL) 溶液に、4-(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)オキシ-1-ブタノール(SIGMA-ALDRICH社製、1.0 mL、4.21 mmol) とトリエチルアミン(0.881 mL, 6.32 mmol) を加え、室温にて1時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えてクロロホルムで2回抽出した。有機層を、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 90/10)で精製することにより、4-(tert-ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)ブチル 4-ニトロフェニル カルボナート(1. 44 g、収率92%) を得た。
工程2
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに工程1で得られる4-(tert-ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)ブチル 4-ニトロフェニル カルボナート(0.640 g、1.733 mmol) を用いて、4-(tert-ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)ブチル ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)カルバマートの粗精製物を得た。得られた 4-(tert-ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)ブチル ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)カルバマートの粗精製物をテトラヒドロフラン(10 mL) に溶解し、フッ化テトラブチルアンモニウム(東京化成工業社製、約
1 mol/L テトラヒドロフラン溶液、2.14 mL、2.14 mmol)を加え、室温にて1時間攪拌した。反応液にフッ化テトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウム(約 1 mol/L テトラヒドロフラン溶液、2.14 mL、2.14 mmol) を加え、室温で2時間攪拌後、50℃で1時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えて酢酸エチルで2回抽出した。有機層を、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム/メタノール = 95/5)で精製することにより、4-ヒドロキシブチル ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)カルバマート(0.652 g、収率73%) を得た。
工程3
工程2で得られた 4-ヒドロキシブチル ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)カルバマート(0.193 g、0.306 mmol)のジクロロメタン(2 mL)溶液に、氷冷下、メシル酸クロリド(純正化学社製、0.0360 mL、0.460 mmol)とトリエチルアミン(0.0930 mL、0.919 mmol)を加え、0℃にて30分間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えてクロロホルムで2回抽出した。有機層を、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をテトラヒドロフラン(1 mL)に溶解し、ジメチルアミン(アルドリッチ社製、約 2 mol/L テトラヒドロフラン溶液、1.53 mL、3.06 mmol)を加え、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて100℃で1時間攪拌後、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて130℃で1時間攪拌した。反応液を減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 80/20)で精製することにより、化合物A-13(0.159 g、収率79%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 658(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ: 0.90(q, J= 6.5 Hz, 6H), 1.20-1.38(m, 32H), 1.45-1.56(m, 6H), 1.61-1.69(m, 2H), 2.01-2.08(m, 8H), 2.21(s, 6H), 2.28(t, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.12-3.23(m, 4H), 4.07(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
クロロぎ酸4-ニトロフェニル(1.50 g、7.28 mmol)のテトラヒドロフラン(32 mL)溶液に、1-メチル-4-ピペリジンメタノール(東京化成工業社製、1.0 mL、7.28 mmol)を加え、室温にて2時間攪拌した。析出した結晶を濾取することで化合物VI-6(1.55 g、収率64%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 295(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ: 1.93-2.19(m, 4H), 2.68-2.82(m, 3H), 3.51-3.62(m, 5H), 4.21(d, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 7.38(d, J= 9.1 Hz, 2H), 8.27(d, J= 9.1 Hz, 2H), 12.44(br s, 1H).
参考例14と同様の方法で、1-メチル-4-ピペリジンメタノールの代わりに 1-メチル-3-ピペリジンメタノール(東京化成工業社製、1.0 mL、7.21 mmol)を用い、化合物VI-7(2.32 g、収率97%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 295(M + H)+.
参考例14と同様の方法で、1-メチル-4-ピペリジンメタノールの代わりに 1-メチル-2-ピペリジンメタノール(東京化成工業社製、1.0 mL、7.43 mmol)を用い、化合物VI-8(2.37 g、収率96%)を得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 1.51-1.63(m, 1H), 1.81-2.38(m, 5H), 2.85-2.99(m, 4H), 3.21-3.30(m, 1H), 3.49-3.60(m, 1H), 4.66(dd, J= 13.1, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 4.78-4.86(m, 1H), 7.47(d, J= 9.1 Hz, 2H), 8.28(d, J== 9.1 Hz, 2H), 12.40(br s, 1H).
参考例14と同様の方法で、1-メチル-4-ピペリジンメタノールの代わりに3-(アゼパン-1-イル)プロパノール(ケンブリッジ(CHEMBRIDGE)社製, 0.700 g, 4.45 mmol)を用いて、化合物VI-9(1.47 g、収率92%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 323(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 1.60-1.75(m, 2H), 1.79-1.94(m, 5H), 2.15-2.27(m, 2H), 2.44-2.53(m, 2H), 2.90-3.02(m, 2H), 3.14-3.24(m, 2H), 3.55-3.65(m, 2H), 4.41(t, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.43(m, 2H), 8.25-8.32(m, 2H), 12.48(br s, 1H).
(化合物VI-10)
参考例14と同様の方法で、1-メチル-4-ピペリジンメタノールの代わりに1-メチルピペリジン-4-オール(シグマ・アルドリッチ(SIGMA-ALDRICH)社製, 0.300 g, 2.60 mmol)を用いて、化合物VI-10(0.740 g、収率90%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 281(M + H)+ .
参考例14と同様の方法で、1-メチル-4-ピペリジンメタノールの代わりに1-メチルピペリジン-3-オール(シグマ・アルドリッチ(SIGMA-ALDRICH)社製, 0.305 g, 2.65 mmol)を用いて、化合物VI-11(0.410 g、収率49%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 281(M + H)+ .
参考例14と同様の方法で、1-メチル-4-ピペリジンメタノールの代わりに(1-メチル-3-ピロリジニル)メタノール(マトリックス サイエンティフィック(Matrix Scientific)社製、0.500 g、7.43 mmol)を用い、化合物VI-12(0.943 g、収率69%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 281(M + H)+ .
(化合物A-14)
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例14で得られた化合物VI-6(0.228 g、0.689 mmol)を用い、化合物A-14(0.258 g、収率84%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 670(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.22-1.39(m, 32H), 1.46-1.54(m, 4H), 1.56-1.66(m, 3H), 1.67-1.74(m, 2H), 1.88-1.95(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 6.9 Hz, 8H), 2.26(s, 3H), 2.77(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 4H), 2.85(d, J= 11.7 Hz, 2H), 3.13-3.23(m, 4H), 3.92(d, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.42(m, 8H).
(化合物A-15)
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例15で得られた化合物VI-7(0.238 g、0.719 mmol)を用い、化合物A-15(0.239 g、収率74%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 670(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 0.92-1.02(m, 1H), 1.22-1.39(m, 32H), 1.46-1.54(m, 4H), 1.55-1.65(m, 1H), 1.66-1.74(m, 3H), 1.82-1.89(m, 1H), 1.91-2.00(m, 1H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.26(s, 3H), 2.74-2.80(m, 5H), 2.84-2.89(m, 1H), 3.12-3.23(m, 4H), 3.87(dd, J= 10.7, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.97(dd, J= 10.7, 5.4 Hz, 1H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
(化合物A-16)
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例16で得られた化合物VI-8(0.256 g、0.774 mmol)を用い、化合物A-16(0.313 g、収率91%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 670(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.22-1.39(m, 32H), 1.46-1.64(m, 8H), 1.71-1.76(m, 2H), 2.02-2.12(m, 10H), 2.32(s, 3H), 2.77(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 4H), 2.79-2.84(m, 1H), 3.11-3.24(m, 4H), 4.05(dd, J= 11.1, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 4.17(dd, J= 11.1, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 5.30-5.42(m, 8H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例2で得られる化合物B-2(0.300 g、0.579 mmol)を用い、化合物A-17(0.360 g、収率92%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 674(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.38(m, 44H), 1.45-1.85(m, 8H), 1.93-2.18(m, 12H), 2.32(s, 3H), 3.03-3.26(m, 5H), 4.05-4.18(m, 2H), 5.30-5.39(m, 4H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例2で得られる化合物B-2(0.300 g、0.579 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例15で得られた化合物VI-7(0.287 g、0.896 mmol)を用い、化合物A-18(0.390 g、収率100%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 674(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.85-1.04(m, 7H), 1.20-1.38(m, 44H), 1.46-1.74(m, 8H), 1.82-2.06(m, 10H), 2.26(s, 3H), 2.74-2.82(m, 1H), 2.83-2.89(m, 1H), 3.10-3.25(m, 4H), 3.87(dd, J= 10.5, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 3.98(dd, J= 10.5, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 5.30-5.39(m, 4H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例4で得られる化合物B-4(0.300 g、0.526 mmol)を用い、化合物A-19(0.369 g、収率97%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 726(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.40(m, 40H), 1.44-1.85(m, 8H), 1.93-2.18(m, 12H), 2.32(s, 3H), 2.77(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 4H), 3.04-3.27(m, 5H), 4.05-4.18(m, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例4で得られる化合物B-4(0.300 g、0.526 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例15で得られた化合物VI-7(0.261 g、0.789 mmol)を用い、化合物A-20(0.374 g、収率98%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 726(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.85-1.04(m, 7H), 1.21-1.40(m, 40H), 1.45-1.75(m, 8H), 1.82-2.09(m, 10H), 2.26(s, 3H), 2.74-2.90(m, 6H), 3.11-3.24(m, 4H), 3.87(dd, J= 10.5, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 3.98(dd, J= 10.5, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 5.29-5.43(m, 8H).
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(0.0831 g、0.162 mmol)をジクロロエタン(1 mL)に溶解させ、1,1'-カルボニルジイミダゾール(ナカライテスク社製、0.0394g、0.243 mmol)を加え、室温で終夜攪拌した。反応液にヨードメタン(東京化成工業社製、0.101 mL、1.62 mmol)を加え、60℃で終夜攪拌した。反応液を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をテトラヒドロフラン(1 mL)に溶解し、1-メチルピロリジン-2-メタノール(和光純薬工業社製、0.0372 g、0.323 mmol)とトリエチルアミン(0.0563 mL、0.404 mmol)を加え、室温で終夜攪拌した後、反応液を60℃で3時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えてn-ヘキサンで2回抽出した。有機層を、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 90/10)で精製することにより、化合物A-21(0.0318 g、収率30%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 656(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.24-1.39(m, 32H), 1.46-1.67(m, 5H), 1.67-1.85(m, 2H), 1.89-2.00(m, 1H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.21-2.30(m, 1H), 2.42(s, 3H), 2.43-2.51(m, 1H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.03-3.08(m, 1H), 3.11-3.25(m, 4H), 4.00(dd, J= 10.5, 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.08(dd, J= 10.5, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
(化合物A-22)
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例20で得られる化合物VI-12(0.277 g、0.876 mmol)を用い、化合物A-22(0.263 g、収率66%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 656(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.20-1.40(m, 32H), 1.44-1.78(m, 5H), 1.92-2.09(m, 9H), 2.24(dd, J= 9.4, 6.2 Hz, 1H), 2.34(s, 3H), 2.39-2.63(m, 3H), 2.68-2.80(m, 5H), 3.10-3.25(m, 4H), 3.95(dd, J= 10.5, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 4.03(dd, J= 10.5, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 5.28-5.42(m, 8H).
工程1
クロロぎ酸4-ニトロフェニル(0.844 g、7.19 mmol)のテトラヒドロフラン(12 mL)溶液に、2-(1-メチルピペリジン-2-イル)エタノール(Matrix Scientific社製、0.500 g、3.49 mmol)を加え、室温にて終夜攪拌した。反応液を減圧濃縮し、2-(1-メチルピペリジン-2-イル)エチル 4-ニトロフェニル カルボナート塩酸塩の粗精製物を得た。
工程2
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに工程1で得られた 2-(1-メチルピペリジン-2-イル)エチル 4-ニトロフェニル カルボナート塩酸塩の粗精製物(0.302 g、0.876 mmol)を用い、化合物A-23(0.299 g、収率75%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 684(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J=6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.19-1.40(m, 32H), 1.45-1.75(m, 11H), 1.93-2.11(m, 11H), 2.27(s, 3H), 2.74-2.86(m, 5H), 3.10-3.24(m, 4H), 4.06-4.19(m, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
(化合物A-24)
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例17で得られる化合物VI-9を用いて、化合物A-24(0.136 g、収率67%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 698(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.86-0.94(m, 6H), 1.22-1.41(m, 36H), 1.45-1.67(m, 8H), 1.75-1.85(m, 2H), 2.00-2.11(m, 8H), 2.55(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.62(t, J= 5.1 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 5.9 Hz, 4H), 3.13-3.23(m, 4H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.28-5.45(m, 8H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例19で得られる化合物B-8(0.150 g、0.269 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例5で得られる化合物VI-4(0.201 g、0.672 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-29(0.170 g、収率87%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 728(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.22-1.40(m, 32H), 1.40-1.63(m, 14H), 1.78-1.87(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 6.6 Hz, 8H), 2.33-2.41(m, 6H), 2.77(t, J= 6.0 Hz, 4H), 3.20-3.31(m, 2H), 3.40(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.46-3.57(m, 2H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.27-5.45(m, 8H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例19で得られる化合物B-8(0.120 g、0.215 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-30(0.140 g、収率91%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 714(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.40(m, 32H), 1.45-1.59(m, 6H), 1.64-1.82(m, 2H), 1.93-2.17(m, 12H), 2.31(s, 3H), 2.70-2.81(m, 4H), 3.06(t, J= 7.8 Hz, 1H), 3.20-3.31(m, 2H), 3.40(t, J= 5.9 Hz, 4H), 3.46-3.58(m, 2H), 4.06-4.17(m, 2H), 5.28-5.44(m, 8H).
(化合物A-31)
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例19で得られる化合物B-8(0.150 g、0.269 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例17で得られる化合物VI-9(0.145 g、0.403 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-31(0.170 g、収率85%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 742(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.21-1.39(m, 32H), 1.48-1.65(m, 12H), 1.72-1.85(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J= 6.6 Hz, 8H), 2.55(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.61(t, J= 5.3 Hz, 4H), 2.77(t, J= 5.9 Hz, 4H), 3.21-3.30(m, 2H), 3.40(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 4H), 3.46-3.55(m, 2H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.26-5.42(m, 8H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例19で得られる化合物B-8(0.150 g、0.269 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例15で得られる化合物VI-7(0.133 g、0.403 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-32(0.145 g、収率76%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 714(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.91(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 6H), 1.23-1.45(m, 32H), 1.49-1.77(m, 9H), 1.83-2.03(m, 2H), 2.07(q, J= 6.6 Hz, 8H), 2.28(s, 3H), 2.76-2.91(m, 2H), 2.80(t, J= 5.9 Hz, 4H), 3.21-3.33(m, 2H), 3.43(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 4H), 3.48-3.58(m, 2H), 3.85-4.05(m, 2H), 5.30-5.47(m, 8H).
実施例8と同様の方法で、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イル メタンスルホナートの代わりに(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エン-1-イル メタンスルホナート(2.00 g、5.77 mmol)を用いて、化合物IIIc-2(1.29 g、収率57%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 391(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.22-1.38(m, 22H), 1.50-1.62(m, 2H), 1.97-2.05(m, 4H), 3.06(s, 3H), 3.48(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.67-3.72(m, 2H), 4.36-4.39(m, 2H), 5.35(t, J= 5.5 Hz, 2H).
実施例8と同様の方法で、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イル メタンスルホナートの代わりに(Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エン-1-イル メタンスルホナート(2.00 g、6.28 mmol)を用いて、化合物IIIc-3(1.52 g、収率67%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 363(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.90(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 3H), 1.25-1.38(m, 18H), 1.53-1.62(m, 2H), 1.98-2.06(m, 4H), 3.07(s, 3H), 3.49(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.68-3.72(m, 2H), 4.36-4.40(m, 2H), 5.36(t, J= 5.5 Hz, 2H).
実施例13と同様の方法で、参考例7で得られる化合物IId-1(0.800 g、1.78 mmol)および、1-ブロモドデカンの代わりに参考例21で得られる化合物IIIc-2(0.728 g、1.86 mmol)を用い、化合物B-9(0.600 g、収率60%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 560(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.86-0.94(m, 6H), 1.24-1.39(m, 40), 1.51-1.62(m, 2H), 1.96-2.10(m, 8H), 2.68(t,
J= 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.78(t, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.85(t, J= 5.1 Hz, 2H), 3.45(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.57(t, J= 5.1 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.44(m, 6H).
実施例13と同様の方法で、参考例7で得られる化合物IId-1(0.610 g、1.35 mmol)および、1-ブロモドデカンの代わりに参考例22で得られる化合物IIIc-3(0.589 g、1.62 mmol)を用い、化合物B-10(0.550 g、収率76%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 532(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.85-0.93(m, 6H), 1.23-1.38(m, 34H), 1.45-1.54(m, 4H), 1.94-2.11(m, 8H), 2.60(t, J= 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 5.4 Hz, 4H), 3.43(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.53(t, J= 5.4 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.44(m, 6H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例38で得られる化合物B-9(0.130 g、0.232 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例5で得られる化合物VI-4(0.120 g、0.348 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-33(0.137 g、収率81%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 729(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.84-0.92(m, 6H), 1.20-1.36(m, 38H), 1.40-1.62(m, 10H), 1.77-1.87(m, 2H), 1.96-2.09(m, 8H), 2.37(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 6H), 2.77(t, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.20-3.31(m, 2H), 3.40(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.45-3.56(m, 2H), 4.10(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.28-5.44(m, 6H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例38で得られる化合物B-9(0.130 g、0.232 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-34(0.131 g、収率79%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 716(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.85-0.92(m, 6H), 1.20-1.39(38H, m), 1.47-1.61(m, 8H), 1.66-1.83(m, 2H), 1.93-2.18(10H, m), 2.32(s, 3H), 2.78(t, J= 5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.07(t, J= 8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.21-3.31(m, 2H), 3.41(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.47-3.56(m, 2H), 4.08-4.19(m, 2H), 5.29-5.43(m, 6H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例38で得られる化合物B-9(0.130 g、0.232 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに化合物VI-1(0.106 g、0.348 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-35(0.100 g、収率63%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 690(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.85-0.92(m, 6H), 1.20-1.39(m, 38H), 1.45-1.59(m, 4H), 1.74-1.84(m, 2H), 1.96-2.09(m, 8H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.21-3.30(m, 2H), 3.35-3.44(m, 4H), 3.45-3.55(m, 2H), 4.11(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.26-5.44(m, 6H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例39で得られる化合物B-10(0.150 g、0.282 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに化合物VI-1( 0.095 g, 0.310 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-36(0.148 g、収率79%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 662(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.85-0.94(m, 6H), 1.21-1.39(m, 34H), 1.47-1.59(m, 4H), 1.76-1.84(m, 2H), 1.94-2.09(m, 8H), 2.23(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J= 7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.20-3.31(m, 2H), 3.31-3.45(m, 4H), 3.45-3.57(m, 2H), 4.11(t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 5.27-5.46(m, 6H).
実施例10と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例39で得られる化合物B-10(0.150 g、0.282 mmol)および、化合物VI-3の代わりに参考例5で得られる化合物VI-4(0.107 g、0.310 mmol)を用いて、化合物A-37(0.148 g、収率75%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 702(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.82-0.96(m, 6H), 1.23-1.39(m, 34H), 1.39-1.48(m, 2H), 1.49-1.61(m, 8H), 1.79-1.86(m, 2H), 1.95-2.09(m, 8H), 2.33-2.42(m, 6H), 2.78(t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.21-3.32(m, 2H), 3.34-3.44(m, 4H), 3.46-3.56(m, 2H), 4.10(t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.44(m, 6H).
工程1
参考例11と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例2で得られる化合物B-2(500 mg、0.965 mmol)を用い、3-(ジ((Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル)アミノ)プロピオン酸エチル(548 mg、収率92%)を得た。
工程2
実施例21と同様の方法で、化合物XI-6の代わりに3-(ジ((Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル)アミノ)プロピオン酸エチル(548 mg、0.887 mmol)を用い、化合物C-2(0.445 g, 収率87%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 577(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.88(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.24-1.42(m, 44H), 1.42-1.50(m, 4H), 1.65-1.70(m, 2H), 2.01(q, J= 6.4 Hz, 8H), 2.40(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 4H), 2.63(t, J= 5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.79(t, J= 5.3 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.39(m, 4H).
工程1
参考例11と同様の方法で、化合物B-1の代わりに実施例4で得られる化合物B-4(400 mg、0.702 mmol)を用い、3-(ジ((11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニル)アミノ)プロピオン酸エチル(548 mg、収率90%)を得た。
工程2
実施例21と同様の方法で、化合物XI-6の代わりに3-(ジ((11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニル)アミノ)プロピオン酸エチル(424 mg、0.633 mmol)を用い、化合物C-3(352 mg, 収率88%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 629(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.24-1.40(m, 40H), 1.42-1.50(m, 4H), 1.64-1.70(m, 2H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.40(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 4H), 2.63(t, J= 5.3 Hz, 2H), 2.78(t, J= 6.4 Hz, 4H), 3.79(t, J= 5.0 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
工程1
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(600 mg, 1.17 mmol)の1,2-ジクロロエタン(2.0 mL)溶液に炭酸カリウム(243 mg, 1.76 mmol)およびブロモ酢酸エチル(195 μL, 1.76 mmol)を加え、85℃で終夜攪拌した。得られた混合物に水を加えてヘプタンで2回抽出した。有機層を合わせて、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘプタン/酢酸エチル = 100/0~95/5)で精製することにより2-(ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)アミノ)酢酸エチル(527 mg, 収率75%)を得た。
工程2
実施例21と同様の方法で、化合物XI-6の代わりに2-(ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)アミノ)酢酸エチル(527 mg、0.878 mmol)を用い、化合物C-4(433 mg, 収率88%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 559(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.24-1.39(m, 32H), 1.39-1.46(m, 4H), 2.02-2.08(m, 8H), 2.43(t, J= 7.5 Hz, 4H), 2.57(t, J= 5.3 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J= 6.2 Hz, 4H), 3.52(t, J= 5.5 Hz, 2H), 5.29-5.41(m, 8H).
工程1
実施例1で得られる化合物B-1(500 mg, 0.973 mmol)の1,2-ジクロロエタン(2.0 mL)溶液に炭酸カリウム(202 mg, 1.46 mmol)およびtert-ブチル(4-ヨードブトキシ)ジメチルシラン(SIGMA-ALDRICH社製, 378 μL, 1.46 mmol)を加え、85℃で4時間攪拌した。得られた混合物に水を加えてヘプタンで2回抽出した。有機層を合わせて、水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘプタン/酢酸エチル = 95/5~80/20)で精製することにより(4-(tert-ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)ブチル)ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)アミン(233 mg, 収率34%)を得た。
工程2
(4-(tert-ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)ブチル)ジ((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル)アミン(233 mg, 0.333 mmol)のテトラヒドロフラン(5 mL)溶液に、フッ化テトラブチルアンモニウム(1 mol/L テトラヒドロフラン溶液, 0.666 mL, 0.666 mmol)を加え、室温で終夜攪拌した。得られた混合物に飽和食塩水を加えて酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘプタン/酢酸エチル=90/10)で精製し、さらにシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル/メタノール = 100/0~90/10)で精製することにより化合物C-5(160 mg, 収率82%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 587(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3) δ: 0.89(t, J= 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.23-1.40(m, 32H), 1.43-1.51(m, 4H), 1.62-1.68(m, 4H), 2.05(q, J= 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.41-2.45(m, 6H), 2.77(t, J= 6.6 Hz, 4H), 3.53-3.56(m, 2H), 5.29-5.42(m, 8H).
工程1
国際公開第2009/129395号パンフレット記載の方法で合成した2,3-ビス((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニルオキシ)プロパン-1-オール(0.303 g, 0.514 mmol)のジクロロメタン(4 ml)溶液に、0℃でトリエチルアミン(0.108 ml, 0.772 mmol)とメシル酸クロリド(0.060 ml, 0.772 mmol)を加え、室温で3時間攪拌した。反応液に飽和重曹水を加え、酢酸エチルで抽出し、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。
得られた残渣をジクロロメタン(4 mL)に溶解し、メチルアミン(7 mol/L メタノール溶液, 2.20 mL)を加えて、マイクロ波反応装置を用いて110℃で5分間攪拌した。反応液に水を加え、n-ヘキサンで抽出し、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 95/5~70/30)で精製して、N-メチル-2,3-ビス((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イルオキシ)プロパン-1-アミン(0.278 g, 収率90%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 603(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ: 0.89(t, J = 7.1 Hz, 6H), 1.27-1.39(m, 34H), 1.51-1.58(m, 3H), 2.05(q, J= 7.1 Hz, 8H), 2.44(s, 3H), 2.64-2.70(m, 2H), 2.77(t, J = 6.9 Hz, 4H), 3.41-3.50(m, 5H), 3.54-3.58(m, 1H), 3.61-3.65(m, 1H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
工程2
N-メチル-2,3-ビス((9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエン-1-イルオキシ)プロパン-1-アミン(0.220 g, 0.365 mmol)のアセトニトリル(2 mL)懸濁液に化合物VI-1(0.167 g, 0.548 mmol)とトリエチルアミン0.255 mL, 1.827 mmol)を加えて、80℃で終夜攪拌した。反応液を飽和重曹水で希釈して酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後ろ過し、減圧濃縮した。残渣をアミノシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(n-ヘキサン/酢酸エチル = 80/20~65/35)で精製して化合物XI-9(0.178 g, 収率67%)を得た。
ESI-MS m/z: 732(M + H)+; 1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ: 0.89(t, J = 6.9 Hz, 6H), 1.26-1.38(m, 32H), 1.51-1.59(m, 4H), 1.77-1.83(m, 2H), 2.05(q, J = 7.0 Hz, 8H), 2.22(s, 6H), 2.34(t, J = 7.4 Hz, 2H), 2.77(t, J = 6.8 Hz, 4H), 2.97(s, 3H), 3.19-3.25(m, 1H), 3.38-3.65(m, 8H), 4.12(t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 5.30-5.41(m, 8H).
化合物A-1~5のそれぞれ/1,2-ジミリストイル-sn-グリセロ-3-ホスホエタノールアミン-N-(メトキシ(ポリエチレングリコール)-2000)ナトリウム塩(PEG-DMPE Na、N-(カルボニルメトキシポリエチレングリコール2000)-1,2-ジミリストイル-sn-グリセロ-3-ホスホエタノールアミン=ナトリウム塩、日油社製)/ジステアロイルホスファチジルコリン(DSPC、1,2-ジステアロイル-sn-グリセロ-3-ホスホコリン、日油社製)/コレステロール(日油社製)=8.947/1.078/5.707/13.698 mmol/Lとなるように、各試料を秤量し90 vol%エタノールに溶解させ、脂質膜の構成成分の溶液を調製した。一方、apo-b siRNA/蒸留水(24 mg/mL)をTris-EDTA緩衝液(200 mM Tris-HCl、20 mM EDTA、インヴィトロジェン(Invitrogen)製)および、20 mMクエン酸緩衝液(pH5.0)で希釈し、1.5 mg/mLのapo-b siRNA水溶液(2 mM Tris-EDTA緩衝液、20 mMクエン酸緩衝液、pH5.0)を調製した。
得られた脂質溶液を37℃に加温した後、500 μLを製剤調製用の容器に移し、得られたapo-b siRNA水溶液500 μLを攪拌下で加えた。得られた脂質核酸混合懸濁液1000 μLに、20 mM クエン酸緩衝液(300 mM NaCl含有、pH6.0)1000 μLを攪拌下で加え、さらにDPBS(Dulbecco's Phosphate-Buffered Saline、ダルベッコのリン酸緩衝生理食塩水、Invitrogen製)3310 μLを滴下して粗製剤を得た。得られた粗製剤はアミコンウルトラ(Millipore社製)を用いて濃縮後、DPBSで希釈し、0.2 μmのフィルター(東洋濾紙社製)を用いてクリーンベンチ内でろ過した。得られた組成物のsiRNA濃度を測定し、siRNA濃度で0.3または0.03 mg/mLとなるようにDPBSを用いて希釈することで、製剤(化合物A-1~5のそれぞれ、および核酸を含有する組成物)を得た。
粒子径測定装置(Zetasizer Nano ZS、マルバーン(Malvern)社製、以下同じ)で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第8表に示す。
化合物1を、特許文献1記載の方法に準じた方法で合成したDLin-KC2-DMAおよび参考例1~3で得られた化合物(化合物XI-1~3)にした以外、実施例49と同様にして製剤を得た。
比較例で用いた化合物(DLin-KC2-DMAおよび化合物XI-1~3)の構造式を第9表に示す。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第10表に示す。
実施例49で得られた各製剤(化合物A-1,3~5のそれぞれ、および核酸を含有する組成物)および比較例1で得られた各製剤(DLin-KC2-DMAおよび化合物XI-1~3のそれぞれ、ならびに核酸を含有する組成物)につき、それぞれ以下の方法により、ヒト肝がん由来細胞株HepG2細胞(HB-8065)に導入した。
核酸の最終濃度が3-100nMとなるように、オプティメム(Opti-MEM、ギブコ(GIBCO)社、31985)で希釈した各製剤を、96ウェルの培養プレートに、20μLずつ分注した後、1.25%ウシ胎仔血清(FBS、SAFCバイオサイエンス(SAFC Biosciences)社、12203C)を含むOpti- MEMに懸濁させたHepG2細胞を、細胞数6250/80μL/ウェルとなるように播種し、37℃、5%CO2条件下で培養することで、各製剤をHepG2細胞内に導入した。また陰性対照の群として何も処理しない細胞を播種した。
各製剤を導入した細胞を37℃の5%CO2インキュベーター内で24時間培養し、氷冷したリン酸緩衝化生理食塩水(PBS、GIBCO社、14190)で洗浄し、Cells-to-Ct Kit(アプライドバイオサイエンス(ABI)社、AM1728)を用いて、製品に添付された説明書に記載された方法に従い、全RNAの回収と、得られた全RNAを鋳型とする逆転写反応によるcDNAの作製とを行った。
得られたcDNAを鋳型とし、ユニバーサルプローブライブラリ(Universal Probe Library、ロシュ アプライドサイエンス(Roche Applied Science)社、04683633001)をプローブとして、ABI7900HT Fast(ABI社製)を用い、添付された使用説明書に記載された方法に従ってPCR反応させることにより、apo-b遺伝子および構成的発現遺伝子であるグリセルアルデヒド3-リン酸脱水素酵素(D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase、以下gapdhと表す)遺伝子をPCR反応させてmRNA増幅量をそれぞれ測定し、gapdhのmRNA増幅量を内部対照として、apo-bのmRNAの準定量値を算出した。同様に測定した陰性対照におけるapo-bのmRNAの準定量値を1として、apo-bのmRNAの準定量値から、apo-bのmRNAの発現率を求めた。得られたapo-bのmRNAの発現率の結果を、図1に示す。
実施例49で得られた各製剤(化合物A-1~5のそれぞれ、および核酸を含有する組成物)および比較例1で得られた各製剤(DLin-KC2-DMAおよび化合物XI-1~3のそれぞれ、ならびに核酸を含有する組成物)につき、それぞれ以下の方法によりインビボ薬効評価試験を実施した。なお、各製剤は、試験に合わせてDPBSで希釈して用いた。
マウス(Balb/c、日本クレアより入手)を馴化飼育後、各製剤を、siRNA濃度で3ないし0.3 mg/kgでマウスに静脈内投与した。投与から48時間後に採血し、採取した血液を小型冷却遠心機(05PR-22:日立社製)を用いて3000 rpm、20分間、4℃で遠心分離した。Cholesterol Assay Kit(Cayman Chemical社製、Cat#:10007640)を用いて、製品の説明書に記載された方法に従い、標準液および、血清サンプル中の蛍光度をARVO(530 nm/595 nm)もしくはEnVision(531 nm/595 nm)で測定した。得られた蛍光度から検量線を作成し、血清中のコレステロール濃度を算出した。
算出された血清中のコレステロール濃度の結果を、図2および3に示す。
よって、本発明の組成物は、核酸を細胞内等に導入することができ、本発明のカチオン性脂質は、インビボで細胞内に核酸を送達することを容易にするカチオン性脂質であることが明らかとなった。
化合物A-6/PEG-DMPE Na(日油社製)/DSPC(日油社製)/コレステロール(日油社製)=3.532/0.270/1.156/2.401 mmol/Lとなるように、各試料を秤量し100 vol%エタノールに溶解させ、脂質膜の構成成分の溶液を調製した。一方、f7 siRNA/蒸留水(24 mg/mL)をTris-EDTA緩衝液(200 mM Tris-HCl、20 mM EDTA、インヴィトロジェン(Invitrogen)製)および、20 mMクエン酸緩衝液(pH4.0)で希釈し、0.375 mg/mLのf7 siRNA水溶液(2 mM Tris-EDTA緩衝液、20 mMクエン酸緩衝液、pH4.0)を調製した。
得られた脂質溶液を37℃に加温した後、800 μLを製剤調製用の容器に移し、得られたf7 siRNA水溶液800 μLを攪拌下で加えた。得られた脂質核酸混合懸濁液1600 μLに、20 mM クエン酸緩衝液(300 mM NaCl含有、pH6.0)1600 μLを攪拌下で加え、さらにDPBS(Invitrogen製)7086 μLを滴下して粗製剤を得た。得られた粗製剤はアミコンウルトラ(Millipore社製)を用いて濃縮後、DPBSで希釈し、0.45 μmのフィルター(東洋濾紙社製)を用いてクリーンベンチ内でろ過した。得られた組成物のsiRNA濃度を測定し、siRNA濃度で0.03 mg/mLとなるようにDPBSを用いて希釈することで、製剤(化合物A-6および核酸を含有する組成物)を得た。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第11表に示す。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第11表に示す。
化合物A-6を、参考例9~13で得られた化合物(化合物XI-4~8)にした以外、実施例50と同様にして製剤を得た。
比較例2で用いた化合物(化合物XI-4~8)の構造式を第12表に示す。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第13表に示す。
実施例50および51で得られた各製剤(化合物A-1、A-5~21、A-28~36、B-1、B-8およびC-1~5のそれぞれ、および核酸を含有する組成物)および比較例2で得られた各製剤(化合物XI-4~8および核酸を含有する組成物)につき、それぞれ以下の方法によりインビボ薬効評価試験を実施した。なお、各製剤は、試験に合わせてDPBSまたは生理食塩水で希釈して用いた。
マウス(Balb/c、日本クレアより入手)を馴化飼育後、各製剤を、siRNA濃度で0.3、0.1および/または0.03mg/kgとでマウスに静脈内投与した。投与から48時間後に採血し、採取した血液を微量高速冷却遠心機(TOMY MX305:トミー精工社製)を用いて8000rpm、8分間、4℃で遠心分離した。BIOPHEN VII kit(ANIARA社製 cat#: A221304)を用いて、製品の説明書に記載された方法に従い、標準液および、血漿サンプル中の吸光度をARVO(405nm)で測定した。得られた吸光度から検量線を作成し、血漿中のFactor VIIタンパク濃度を算出した。なお例数は各群3匹とした。
算出された血漿中のFactor VIIタンパク濃度の結果を、図4~9に示す。
よって、本発明の組成物は、核酸を細胞内等に導入することができ、本発明のカチオン性脂質は、インビボで細胞内に核酸を送達することを容易にするカチオン性脂質であることが明らかとなった。
核酸としては、実施例50で用いたものと同じ核酸を、蒸留水で24 mg/mLに調製して用いた。
化合物A-1/PEG-DMPE Na(日油社製)=57.3/5.52 mmol/Lとなるように、各試料を秤量し、塩酸およびエタノールを含有する水溶液に懸濁させ、vortex攪拌ミキサーで攪拌および、加温を繰り返して均一な懸濁液を得た。この懸濁液を室温下で、0.2 μmのポリカーボネートメンブランフィルターに通し、さらに0.05 μmのポリカーボネートメンブランフィルターに通し、化合物A-1/PEG-DMPE Naの粒子(リポソーム)の分散液を得た。粒子径測定装置で得られたリポソームの平均粒子径を測定し、30 nmから100 nmの範囲内であることを確認した。得られたリポソームの分散液と、f7 siRNA溶液を、リポソームの分散液:f7 siRNA 溶液=3:1の割合で混合し、さらに3倍量の蒸留水を加えて混合することで化合物A-1/PEG-DMPE Na/ f7 siRNA複合体の分散液を調製した。
一方、A-1/PEG-DMPE Na(日油社製)/DSPC(日油社製)/コレステロール(日油社製)= 8.947/1.078/5.707/13.698 mmol/Lとなるように、各試料を秤量し90 vol%エタノールに溶解させ、脂質膜構成成分の溶液を調製した。
得られた脂質膜構成成分の溶液を加温した後、得られた化合物A-1/PEG-DMPE Na/ f7 siRNA複合体の分散液と、1:1の割合で混合し、さらに数倍量の蒸留水を混合し、粗製剤を得た。
得られた粗製剤はアミコンウルトラ(Millipore社製)を用いて濃縮後、生理食塩水で希釈し、0.2 μmのフィルター(東洋濾紙社製)を用いてクリーンベンチ内でろ過した。得られた組成物のsiRNA濃度を測定し、siRNA濃度で0.03、0.01または0.003 mg/mLとなるように生理食塩水を用いて希釈することで、製剤(化合物A-1および核酸を含有する組成物)を得た。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第14表に示す。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第14表に示す。
化合物A-1を、参考例23で得られた化合物XI-9にした以外、実施例52と同様にして製剤を得た。
比較例3で用いた化合物(化合物XI-9)の構造式を第12表に示す。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第13表に示す。
実施例52および53で得られた各製剤または実施例52もしくは53と同様にして得られた製剤(化合物A-1、A-5~7、A-10、A-12~21、A-28~36、B-8およびC-1~5のそれぞれ、および核酸を含有する組成物)、および比較例3で得られた製剤(化合物XI-9および核酸を含有する組成物)につき、試験例3と同様の方法によりインビボ薬効評価試験を実施した。算出された血漿中のFactor VIIタンパク濃度の結果を、図10~13に示す。
化合物A-1、A-7またはA-10のそれぞれ/PEG-DMPE Na(日油社製)/DSPC(日油社製)/コレステロール(日油社製)=7.030/0.755/2.038/4.892 mmol/Lとなるように、各試料を秤量し100 vol%エタノールに溶解させ、脂質膜の構成成分の溶液を調製した。一方、f7 siRNA/蒸留水(24 mg/mL)をTris-EDTA緩衝液(200 mM Tris-HCl、20 mM EDTA、インヴィトロジェン(Invitrogen)製)および、20 mMクエン酸緩衝液(pH4.0)で希釈し、0.536 mg/mLのf7 siRNA水溶液(2 mM Tris-EDTA緩衝液、20 mMクエン酸緩衝液、pH4.0)を調製した。
得られた脂質溶液を37℃に加温した後、560 μLを製剤調製用の容器に移し、得られたf7 siRNA水溶液560 μLを攪拌下で加えた。得られた脂質核酸混合懸濁液1120 μLに、20 mM クエン酸緩衝液(300 mM NaCl含有、pH6.0)1120 μLを攪拌下で加え、さらにDPBS(Invitrogen製)4960 μLを滴下して粗製剤を得た。得られた粗製剤はアミコンウルトラ(Millipore社製)を用いて濃縮後、DPBSで希釈し、0.45 μmのフィルター(東洋濾紙社製)を用いてクリーンベンチ内でろ過した。さらに得られた組成物のsiRNA濃度を測定し、siRNA濃度で0.03または0.01 mg/mLとなるようにDPBSを用いて希釈することで、製剤(化合物A-1、A-7およびA-10のそれぞれ、および核酸を含有する組成物)を得た。
粒子径測定装置で製剤(組成物)の平均粒子径を測定した。結果を第15表に示す。
実施例54で得られた各製剤(化合物A-1、A-7もしくはA-10のそれぞれ、および核酸を含有する組成物)につき、試験例3と同様の方法によりインビボ薬効評価試験を実施した。算出された血漿中のFactor VIIタンパク濃度の結果を、図14に示す。
配列番号2-アポリポプロテインB siRNA アンチセンス鎖
配列番号3-血液凝固第7因子 siRNA センス鎖
配列番号4-血液凝固第7因子 siRNA アンチセンス鎖
Claims (22)
- 式(A)
(式中、R1は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニルであり、
R2は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルであり、
R3およびR4は、同一または異なって炭素数1~3のアルキルであるか、または一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成するか、またはR3はR5と一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成し、
R5は、水素原子、炭素数1~6のアルキル、炭素数3~6のアルケニル、アミノ、モノアルキルアミノ、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、カルバモイル、モノアルキルカルバモイル、ジアルキルカルバモイルまたは同一もしくは異なって1~3つのアミノ、モノアルキルアミノ、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、カルバモイル、モノアルキルカルバモイルもしくはジアルキルカルバモイルで置換された炭素数1~6のアルキルもしくは炭素数3~6のアルケニルであるか、またはR3と一緒になって炭素数2~8のアルキレンを形成し、
X1は、炭素数1~6のアルキレンであり、
X2は、単結合であるか、または炭素数1~6のアルキレンであり、ただし、X1とX2の炭素数の和は7以下であり、R5が、水素原子の場合、X2は単結合であり、R5がR3と一緒になって炭素数2~6のアルキレンを形成する場合、X2は単結合であるか、またはメチレンもしくはエチレンである)、
式(B)
(式中、R6は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニルであり、
R7は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルである)、または
式(C)
(式中、R8は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニルであり、
R9は炭素数8~24の直鎖状または分枝状のアルキル、アルケニルもしくはアルキニル、アルコキシエチル、アルコキシプロピル、アルケニルオキシエチル、アルケニルオキシプロピル、アルキニルオキシエチルまたはアルキニルオキシプロピルであり、
X3は、炭素数1~3のアルキレンであり、
R10は、水素原子または炭素数1~3のアルキルである)で表されるカチオン性脂質。 - R1、R2、R6、R7、R8およびR9が、それぞれテトラデシル、ヘキサデシル、(Z)-テトラデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-6-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(E)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-11-エニル、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル、(9Z,12Z,15Z)-オクタデカ-9,12,15-トリエニル、(Z)-イコサ-11-エニル、(11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニルまたは(Z)-ドコサ-13-エニルである請求項1記載のカチオン性脂質。
- R1、R2、R6、R7、R8およびR9が、それぞれヘキサデシル、(Z)-ヘキサデカ-9-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-6-エニル、(Z)-オクタデカ-9-エニル、(9Z,12Z)-オクタデカ-9,12-ジエニル、(Z)-イコサ-11-エニルまたは(11Z,14Z)-イコサ-11,14-ジエニルである請求項1記載のカチオン性脂質。
- X1が、炭素数1~3のアルキレンであり、X2が、単結合またはメチレンである請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
- X3が、メチレンまたはエチレンである請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
- R3およびR4が、同一もしくは異なってメチルもしくはエチル、または一緒になってn-ペンチレンまたはn-ヘキシレンを形成する請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
- R3およびR5が、一緒になってn-プロピレンまたはn-ブチレンを形成し、R4が、メチルまたはエチルである請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
- R5およびR10が、それぞれ水素原子またはメチルである請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のカチオン性脂質および核酸を含有する組成物。
- 該カチオン性脂質と該核酸とが複合体を形成しているか、または該カチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと該核酸とが複合体を形成している、請求項9記載の組成物。
- 該カチオン性脂質と該核酸とが複合体を形成しているか、または該カチオン性脂質に中性脂質および/もしくは高分子を組み合わせたものと該核酸とが複合体を形成しており、該複合体を封入する脂質膜を含有する請求項9記載の組成物。
- 核酸がRNA干渉(RNAi)を利用した標的遺伝子の発現抑制作用を有する核酸である請求項9~11のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 標的遺伝子が、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓において発現する遺伝子である請求項12記載の組成物。
- 請求項9~13のいずれかに記載の組成物を用いて該核酸を細胞内に導入する方法。
- 細胞が、ほ乳類の肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓にある細胞である請求項14記載の方法。
- 細胞内に導入する方法が、該組成物の静脈内投与によって細胞内に導入する方法である請求項14または15に記載の方法。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物を哺乳動物に投与する工程を含む、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療方法。
- 投与する方法が、静脈内投与である請求項17記載の方法。
- 請求項12に記載の組成物を含む、疾患の治療に用いるための医薬。
- 静脈内投与用である請求項19記載の医薬。
- 請求項13に記載の組成物を含む、肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療剤。
- 静脈内投与用である請求項21記載の肝臓、肺、腎臓または脾臓に関連する疾患の治療剤。
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| WO2016027699A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-25 | 日油株式会社 | 核酸送達のためのカチオン性脂質 |
| WO2016153012A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-29 | 協和発酵キリン株式会社 | 核酸含有脂質ナノ粒子 |
| WO2017111172A1 (ja) | 2015-12-25 | 2017-06-29 | 協和発酵キリン株式会社 | カチオン性脂質としての化合物 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2871178B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
| AU2013285842A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| EP2871178A4 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN106008272A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
| CA2878431A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
| US10342758B2 (en) | 2019-07-09 |
| CN104603102A (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
| JP6226476B2 (ja) | 2017-11-08 |
| TW201726599A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
| US20150174261A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
| AU2013285842B2 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
| EP2871178A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| CA2878431C (en) | 2020-08-25 |
| KR20150036316A (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
| TW201726600A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
| JPWO2014007398A1 (ja) | 2016-06-02 |
| TW201408625A (zh) | 2014-03-01 |
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