WO2014097838A1 - 不織布 - Google Patents
不織布 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014097838A1 WO2014097838A1 PCT/JP2013/081994 JP2013081994W WO2014097838A1 WO 2014097838 A1 WO2014097838 A1 WO 2014097838A1 JP 2013081994 W JP2013081994 W JP 2013081994W WO 2014097838 A1 WO2014097838 A1 WO 2014097838A1
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- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven fabric
- fibers
- fiber
- raised
- less
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers of the pads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/018—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the shape
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric containing long fibers.
- spunbonded nonwoven fabrics are frequently used because they are high in breaking strength, excellent in processing suitability, and economical.
- the spunbonded nonwoven fabric has a lack of plumpness due to its manufacturing method, and it has been difficult to improve the touch (texture).
- Patent Document 1 discloses a continuous continuous fiber nonwoven fabric that has been stretched, separated and separated at the middle in the thickness direction, and separated from the fiber joint on one side, or a fiber that has been stretched in a loop shape.
- the standing-like nonwoven fabric in which etc. are mixed is described.
- the present applicant has previously proposed a non-woven fabric comprising fibers in which a part of a long fiber is broken, only one end is fixed by a heat-sealed portion, and the free end on the other end is thickened. (See Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 1 since the standing-like non-woven fabric described in Patent Document 1 is considered to contain a lot of fibers stretched in a loop shape in the manufacturing method, when used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers, the loop-shaped fiber is It will get caught on the skin and reduce the feeling of use. Further, Patent Document 1 does not describe anything about the height and shape of the tip portion of the constituent fibers. According to the nonwoven fabric described in Patent Document 2, there are few loop-like fibers, and it is difficult to get caught on the skin and the touch is improved. Moreover, although the breaking strength is high, the whole feels plump and the touch is improved. However, there was a need to further improve the touch.
- the present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric having a fiber assembly in which long fibers are fixed by a heat-sealing portion.
- the non-woven fabric includes raised fibers in which a part of the long fibers is broken, only one end is fixed by the heat-sealing portion, and the other end is a free end, and the raised fibers are crimped
- the present invention provides a non-woven fabric containing low raised fibers in which the height of the free end is lower than the height at the highest position in the raised fibers.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method for measuring the height of the free end portion of the raised fiber and the height at the highest position in the raised fiber having the free end portion.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line substantially parallel to the Y direction passing through a plurality of heat-sealed portions of the nonwoven fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a fiber having a thick free end portion of the nonwoven fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a method of measuring the tip fiber diameter of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a method for measuring the number of fibers raised in the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a pre-processed portion included in a suitable apparatus for manufacturing the nonwoven fabric illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a raised portion of a suitable apparatus for manufacturing the nonwoven fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of a usage pattern of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, and is a developed plan view showing a state in which a pants-type disposable diaper is developed and extended.
- 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 of FIG.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of the present embodiment is a nonwoven fabric including a fiber assembly 11 in which long fibers 2 are fixed by a heat fusion part 3, and a part of the long fibers 2 is broken.
- the raised fiber 20 (hereinafter also referred to as a raised fiber 20 having a free end) having only one end 20a fixed by the heat fusion part 3 and the other end being a free end 20b is provided.
- the raising fiber 20 which has this free end part contains the low raising fiber 21 whose height of the free end part 20b is lower than the height in the highest position 20c in the raising fiber 20 which has a free end part.
- the height of the free end 20b is higher than the height of the raised fiber 20 having the free end at the highest position 20c. It means the fiber which is low.
- the raising fiber 20 which has the free end part of the nonwoven fabric 1 contains the high raising fiber 22 whose height of the free end part 20b is the height in the highest position 20c in the raising fiber 20 which has a free end part. It is out.
- the SEM image obtained by enlarging the raised fibers 20 having 10 free ends selected at random by about 50 times based on the fiber diameter measurement method described later is to determine whether the fibers are the low raised fibers 21 or the high raised fibers.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 will be described below with the longitudinal direction of the nonwoven fabric 1 as the Y direction and the width direction of the nonwoven fabric 1 as the X direction, as shown in FIG.
- the MD direction along the fiber orientation direction is determined as the longitudinal direction (Y direction)
- the CD direction perpendicular to the MD direction along the fiber orientation direction is determined as the width direction (X direction). Therefore, in the following description, the longitudinal direction (Y direction) and the MD direction mean the same direction, and the width direction (X direction) and the CD direction mean the same direction.
- the height of a free end part and the height in the highest position in the raising fiber which has a free end part can be determined with the following method.
- Three observation samples of a slightly larger size 60 to 70 mm in the CD direction (width direction Y) and about 50 mm in the MD direction (longitudinal direction X)) are cut out from the nonwoven fabric 1 so that the observation range can be observed with a width of 10 mm.
- the cut sample is fixed to a black mount as shown in FIG. 2 so as to be flat, and is measured by folding the sample at a folding line Z passing through a plurality of heat-sealing portions 3 and extending in the X direction.
- a sample 104 is formed.
- the observation folded part folded in half is lightly rubbed with a brush (manufactured by Komeri Co., Ltd., General Brush No. 812 30 mm) 5 times in the direction in which the raised fibers stand to make it easy to observe the raised fibers of the constituent fibers.
- the brush is adjusted so that the force applied to the region to be measured (striking force) in the range of 5 to 15 gf during stroke with the brush.
- the stroking force can be measured using a scale and can be adjusted with reference to the measured value.
- the observation sample 104 folded in a mountain as described above is observed at a magnification of 30 times with a digital microscope (model VHX-1000) manufactured by Keyence Corporation. Measure using the vertical mode of the digital microscope measurement mode.
- the distance from the farthest position where the straight line parallel to the fold line Z and the raised fiber 20 intersect to the fold line Z is defined as the “highest raised position”.
- the distance from the folding line Z to the free end is defined as the height of the free end.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is inexpensive and can provide a good feel, and the basis weight is preferably 5 to 100 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of processing suitability, and preferably 5 to 25 g / m 2. Is more preferable.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 preferably has a breaking strength value of 5.00 N / 50 mm or more, preferably 8 N / 50 mm or more and 30 N / 50 mm or less from the viewpoint of prevention of breakage during use and processing suitability. Further preferred.
- the value of the breaking strength of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 (see FIG. 7) used in the method for producing the nonwoven fabric 1 to be described later is preferably 7 N / 50 mm or more from the viewpoint of achieving the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric 1. More preferably, it is 10 N / 50 mm or more and 50 N / 50 mm or less.
- the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric 1 mentioned later is a method with few fall from the value of the breaking strength of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 compared with the other raising method. It is preferable that the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric 1 and the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 satisfies the above range in the X direction (CD direction).
- the ratio of the breaking strength between the nonwoven fabric 1 and the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 (breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric 1 / breaking strength of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10) is 0.5 or more, preferably 0.7 or more and 1.0 or less, more specifically. Is preferably 0.5 or more and 1.0 or less, and more preferably 0.7 or more and 1.0 or less.
- the breaking strength is measured by the following method.
- a rectangular measuring piece having a size of 200 mm in the X direction (width direction) and 50 mm in the Y direction (longitudinal direction) is cut out from the nonwoven fabric 1 or the raw material nonwoven fabric 10.
- the cut out rectangular measurement piece is used as a measurement sample.
- This measurement sample is attached to the chuck of a tensile tester (Orientec Tensilon Tensile Tester “RTA-100”) so that the X direction is the tensile direction.
- the distance between chucks is 150 mm.
- the measurement sample is pulled at 300 mm / min, and the maximum load point until the sample breaks is defined as the breaking strength in the X direction.
- a rectangular measurement piece having a size of 200 mm in the Y direction and 50 mm in the X direction is cut out and used as a measurement sample.
- This measurement sample is attached to the chuck of a tensile tester so that the Y direction is the tensile direction.
- the breaking strength in the Y direction is obtained by the same procedure as the method for measuring the breaking strength in the X direction described above.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is also characterized by a good touch.
- Many characteristic values representing the touch are known, and in particular, the characteristic values in KES manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd. are generally known (reference: standardization and analysis of texture evaluation (2nd edition), author Kawabata. Tokio, published July 10, 1980).
- LC linearity of compression load-compression strain curve
- WC compression work
- RC compression resilience
- the load when a human touches the absorbent article is about 0.98 cN / cm 2 (1.00 gf / cm 2 ), which is very light and feels the touch.
- the characteristic value in a small range is considered useful, and the load is between 0.29 cN / cm 2 (0.3 gf / cm 2 ) and 0.98 cN / cm 2 (1 gf / cm 2 ), A new characteristic value is calculated from the deformation amount.
- the compression rate is 20 ⁇ m / sec
- the maximum compression load is 9.80 cN / cm 2 (10.0 gf / cm 2 )
- the recovery process is also measured at the same rate.
- the amount of displacement between the steel plates is x (mm)
- the load is y (cN / cm 2 )
- the value of x increases as it is compressed.
- the compression characteristic value at the minute load is calculated by extracting the deformation amount of the thickness at the minute load from the measured data (x, y).
- the first load that is not a recovery process is a load between 0.29 cN / cm 2 (0.30 gf / cm 2 ) and 0.98 cN / cm 2 (1.00 gf / cm 2 ), and at that time
- the amount of deformation data is extracted, an approximate straight line is obtained for the relationship between x and y by the least square method, and the slope at that time is defined as the characteristic value (unit (cN / cm 2 ) / mm).
- Three points are measured with one measurement sample. A total of 9 points of 3 samples are measured.
- the characteristic values at each of the nine locations are calculated, and the average value is set as the compression characteristic value when the nonwoven fabric is subjected to a minute load.
- the compression characteristic value at the time of a minute load indicates that the lower the numerical value, the easier it is to be crushed with a small load, and it is possible to express the good feeling (especially plump feeling) of human touch.
- the compression characteristic value of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 having a normal basis weight of 5 to 25 g / m 2 which has not been processed as described later, is 19.6 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm (20.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm) or more and 29.4 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm or less (30.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm) or less, the nonwoven fabric 1 subjected to the processing described later is Becomes easily crushed and becomes 17.6 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm (18.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm) or less.
- the compression characteristic value of the nonwoven fabric 1 obtained by processing the raw nonwoven fabric 10 of 5 to 25 g / m 2 is 17.6 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm (18.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm) or less, preferably 14.7 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm (15.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm or less), and feels close to an air-through non-woven fabric with good touch. From the viewpoint, it is more preferably 9.80 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm (10.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm) or less.
- the lower limit of the compression characteristic value of the nonwoven fabric 1 is not particularly limited, but is about 0.98 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm (1.00 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm) from the viewpoint of production.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 includes the raised fiber 20 having the free end portion in which only the one end portion 20a is fixed by the heat fusion portion 3 and the other end portion becomes the free end portion 20b, and has the free end portion.
- the raised fiber 20 has crimpability as shown in FIGS.
- the raising fiber 20 which has this free end part contains the low raising fiber 21 whose height of the free end part 20b is lower than the height in the own highest position 20c. With the low raised fibers 21, the tips of the raised fibers do not directly touch the skin, so that the nonwoven fabric 1 is less irritating to the skin.
- the non-woven fabric 1 will be described in detail.
- the non-woven fabric 1 includes, as shown in FIGS.
- a raised fiber 20 having a free end portion in which only one end portion 20 a is fixed by the heat fusion portion 3 and raised, Loop-like fibers 23 that are raised between the landing portions 3 and 3 and rise in a loop shape are provided.
- the raised fiber 20 having a free end and the loop-like fiber 23 are referred to as a raised fiber.
- the “raised fiber 20 having a free end” refers to an SEM image magnified 50 times in a method for measuring the number of raised fibers, which will be described later. 6 is a fiber fixed by the portion 3, the other end portion is a free end portion 20b, and the height of the raised fiber is the surface of the fiber assembly 11 as shown in FIG.
- the low raised fiber 21 includes a first low raised fiber 211 in which the free end 20b on the other end side is thick and a second low raised fiber in which the free end 20b is not thick. 212.
- tip part has a flat shape (an ellipse or a crushed shape).
- the raised fiber 20 having the free end portion includes the high raised fiber 22 having the highest free end portion 20b in addition to the low raised fiber 21.
- the “free end portion” means “the other end portion” of the raised fiber 20 having only the one end portion 20a fixed by the heat fusion portion 3 and having the free end portion. It means “tip”. Whether or not the free end portion 20b is thick is determined by measuring the fiber diameter by the following measurement method and calculating the increasing rate of the tip fiber diameter. Since the free end 20b is thick, the raised fiber 20 having a soft free end is obtained, and the nonwoven fabric 1 is less irritating to the skin.
- the inclination at the time of measurement of the diameter 20c of the raised fiber 20 having the free end portion in the portion excluding the free end portion 20b is translated as it is toward the free end portion 20b side, and is 20 ⁇ m away from the tip of the free end portion 20b.
- the fiber diameter of the raised fiber 20 having the free end at the position that is thickest in the region sandwiched between the positions (the diameter 20d of the raised fiber 20 having the free end at the free end 20b) is measured. To do. When the tip is flat, the tip may not appear thick depending on the observation angle, but even in that case, the obtained photograph is measured as it is.
- the fibers (the first low raised fibers 211 and the first high raised fibers 221) in which the free ends 20b are thick are the raised fibers 20 having the 10 free ends selected at random.
- the low raised fiber 21 and the high raised fiber 22 are actually free ends that are raised from the surface of the heat-sealed portion 3 using an SEM image enlarged approximately 50 times in the above-described fiber diameter measurement method.
- a fiber in which 20b is at the highest position is identified as a highly raised fiber 22, and a fiber in which the free end portion 20b is drooping on the surface side of the fiber assembly 11 is identified as a lowly raised fiber 21.
- the ratio of the low raising fiber 21 in the raising fiber 20 (the low raising fiber 21 and the high raising fiber 22) which has a free end part is 20% or more from a viewpoint of the touch, 30% More preferably, it is more preferably 40% or more.
- the ratio of the low raised fiber 21 is the height of the free end 20b from an SEM image obtained by enlarging the raised fiber 20 having 10 free ends randomly selected by the fiber diameter measurement method described above about 50 times. , The number of each of the low raised fibers 21 and the high raised fibers 22 is measured, and the ratio is calculated.
- the low raised fiber 21 (the first low raised fiber 211 in which the free end 20b is thick and the second low raised fiber in which the free end 20b is not thick).
- the ratio of the first low raised fibers 211 in 212) is preferably 35% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and particularly preferably 50% or more.
- the ratio of the first low raised fibers 211 in which the free end portion 20b is thick is the SEM obtained by enlarging the raised fiber 20 having 10 free end portions randomly selected by the above-described fiber diameter measurement method by about 750 times. From the image, the increase ratio of the tip fiber diameter is calculated, and the ratio of the first low raised fiber 211 in which the free end portion 20b is thick is calculated.
- the ratio of the 1st low raising fiber 211 in the low raising fiber 21 is the measurement of the above-mentioned low raising fiber 21, and the fiber (the 1st low raising fiber 211, the 1st high raising fiber 221) whose free end part is thick. In the measurement, the calculation is performed by measuring the number of the fibers 211 that are the low raised fibers 21 and whose free ends are thick. In any of the above measurement values, the ratio is similarly obtained from 9 points of SEM images of different parts, and the average is obtained by calculating the 10 points.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 has loop-like fibers 23 that stand in a loop shape between the heat-sealing portions 3 and 3 as shown in FIGS.
- the standing “loop-like fiber 23” means that the free end portion 20b is not provided on the other end side when observed as shown in FIG.
- the part means a fiber standing up by 0.5 mm or more away from the surface (folding line Z) of the fiber assembly 11.
- the ratio of the loop-like fibers 23 in the total number of the raised fibers 20 and the loop-like fibers 23 having a part is preferably less than 50%, more preferably 45% or less, and 40% or less. Particularly preferred.
- the ratio of the loop-shaped fibers 23 is such that 10 fibers are randomly selected from the SEM image magnified 50 times in the above-described fiber diameter measurement method, and have 10 free ends from the randomly selected 10 fibers.
- Raised fibers 20 low raised fibers 21 (first low raised fibers 211 and second low raised fibers 212) and high raised fibers 22 (first high raised fibers 221 and second high raised fibers 222), and loop-like fibers 23 )
- the ratio of the fibers 23 (looped fibers) in the total number of the low raised fibers 21, the high raised fibers 22 and the fibers 23 is calculated and obtained.
- a measured value calculates
- the web made of long fibers 2 is formed by intermittently fixing a plurality of heat-sealing portions 3.
- the “long fibers” are fibers having a fiber length of 30 mm or more, and so-called continuous long fibers having a fiber length of 150 mm or more are preferable in that a nonwoven fabric having high breaking strength can be obtained.
- the long fibers 2 of the fiber assembly 11 have crimpability.
- the raised fibers 20 having the free ends also have crimpability.
- the loop-like fibers 23 are also crimped. It has sex. That is, all the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 have crimpability.
- the raised fiber 20 (the low raised fiber 21 and the high raised fiber 22) having a free end is a latent crimped fiber in a crimped state, and has a spiral (coiled) three-dimensional crimp.
- the raised fibers 20 (low raised fibers 21 and high raised fibers 22) having free ends are latent crimped fibers, the nonwoven fabric 1 is likely to be bulky, and the plump feeling is improved and the liquid permeability is improved. There is an effect.
- the latent crimped fiber include an eccentric core-sheath type or concentric core-sheath type composite fiber or a side-by-side type composite fiber composed of two kinds of components having different shrinkage rates.
- thermoplastic polymers As two types of components (thermoplastic polymers, etc.) having different shrinkage rates, (1) a combination of an ethylene-propylene random copolymer (high shrinkage rate component) and polypropylene (low shrinkage rate component), ( 2) A combination of polyethylene terephthalate (PET, low shrinkage component) and a copolymer of polyethylene terephthalate and isophthalic acid (CoPET, high shrinkage component).
- the fiber thickness is preferably 0.8 dtex or more and 2.8 dtex or less.
- the latent crimped fiber is not limited to a spiral (coiled) crimp, and may have a two-dimensional crimp, for example, a zigzag bent fiber. The same applies to the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 other than the low raised fibers 21 and the high raised fibers 22 (including the loop-like fibers 23 and the long fibers 2 of the fiber assembly 11).
- the number of crimps of the raised fibers 20 having the free ends is 15/25 mm or more, preferably from the viewpoint of improving the feeling of plump and the degree of freedom in the plane direction. 20 pieces / 25 mm or more and 50 pieces / 25 mm or less, preferably 40 pieces / 25 mm or less, more specifically 15 pieces / 25 mm or more, preferably 40 pieces / 25 mm or less, and 20 pieces / 25 mm or more , 40/25 mm or less.
- the number of crimps is measured according to JIS L1015 8.12.1.
- the fiber diameter of the long fiber 2 is preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m, before processing described later.
- the raised fiber 20 having the free end has crimpability
- the crimp rate of the raised fiber 20 (the low raised fiber 21 and the high raised fiber 22) having the free end is preferably It is 80% or less, more preferably 70% or less, and preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and more specifically 20% or more and 80% or less.
- having crimpability means that the crimp rate of the raised fiber 20 having the free end is 85% or less. The crimp rate is measured by the following method.
- the crimp rate of the raised fiber 20 having a free end using the SEM image magnified approximately 50 times is the tip of the free end 20b of the raised fiber 20 having a free end.
- a brush manufactured by Komeri Co., Ltd., General brush NO.
- the width of the brush (the width of the entire portion of the brush where the bristles are arranged) 30 mm]
- the straight line extends in the direction orthogonal to the folding line Z extending in the X direction passing through the heat-sealed portion 3.
- the distance (L2) between the tip of the free end 20b of the raised fiber 20 having the free end in a straightly stretched state and the heat fusion part 3 that fixes the one end 20a is measured.
- the ratio (L1 * 100 / L2) of the shortest distance (L1) in distance (L2) is calculated, and let it be a crimp rate of the raising fiber 20 which has a free end part.
- the crimp rate is similarly obtained from 9 SEM images of different parts, and is calculated by averaging those 10 points.
- the heat-fused portion 3 by embossing shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 preferably has an area of each heat-fused portion 3 of 0.05 mm 2 or more and 10 mm 2 or less from the viewpoint of touch and suitability for processing. it is more preferable .1mm is 2 or more 1 mm 2 or less.
- the number of heat-sealing portions 3 is preferably 10 / cm 2 or more and 250 / cm 2 or less, and more preferably 35 / cm 2 or more and 65 / cm 2 or less.
- the distance between the centers of the heat fusion parts 3 adjacent in the X direction is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and the heat fusion part adjacent in the Y direction.
- the distance between the centers of the three is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less, and more preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less.
- the heat fusion part 3 was intermittently formed by thermocompression bonding using embossing (with embossed convex rolls and flat rolls, etc.), ultrasonic fusion, intermittent hot air was applied, and partial fusion was performed. Things. Among these, the thermocompression bonding is preferable in that the fiber is easily broken.
- fusion part 3 is not restrict
- the ratio of the total area of the heat fusion part 3 to the surface area of one surface of the nonwoven fabric 1 is preferably 5% or more and 30% or less, and 7% or more and 20% or less because it is difficult to produce pills. Further preferred.
- the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is preferably as wide as possible. However, from the viewpoint of the touch, if it is 0.33 or more, a sufficiently satisfactory effect is obtained. If it is 35 or more, a more satisfactory effect can be obtained.
- the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 or less. More preferably, the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is 0.33 or more and 0.9 or less.
- the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) here means the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) of all the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1, and only one end portion 20 a is fixed by the heat-sealing portion 3.
- Raised fibers 20 having free ends low raised fibers 21 (first low raised fibers 211 in which free ends 20b are thick and second low raised fibers 212 in which thick ends are not thick) and high raised fibers 22 (free ends)
- the first high raised fiber 221 fiber 20b thick and the second high raised fiber 222 not thickened) 20b, the loop-like fiber 23, and both ends are fixed by the heat-sealing portion 3 and stand up in a loop shape. This is the distribution of the entire fibers (fibers not affected by the processing described later), and the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is measured by the following method.
- Fiber diameter measurement method [Fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) measurement method] First, in a 22 ° C. and 65% RH environment, a scanning type electronic device in which a measuring piece having a size of 2 cm in the X direction and 2 cm in the Y direction was cut out from the nonwoven fabric 1 to be measured and mounted with a carbon tape. The sample is placed on an aluminum sample stage for a microscope (SEM) without being bent and fixed. Next, ten fibers are randomly extracted from the SEM image magnified approximately 750 times, and each fiber diameter is measured at a portion excluding the free end 20b.
- SEM microscope
- Ten fiber diameters are measured on one aluminum sample stage as described above, the average value d ave is obtained from the measured ten fiber diameters d 1 to d 10 , and the obtained ten fiber diameters are obtained. From the d 1 to d 10 and the average value d ave , the fiber diameter distribution of 10 randomly selected fibers is obtained by the following equation (2).
- the measurement unit is ⁇ m, and measurement is performed with a resolution of 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the distribution of the fiber diameters of 10 fibers is made for the above-mentioned aluminum sample stage for each nonwoven fabric 1 and the average value of the distributions of the fiber diameters of the 10 fibers obtained at each position (the following formula) (Refer to (3)) is the fiber diameter distribution in the nonwoven fabric 1.
- Fiber diameter distribution of 10 fibers [(d 1 ⁇ d ave ) 2 + (d 2 ⁇ d ave ) 2 +... (D 10 ⁇ d ave ) 2 )] / 10 (2)
- Fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) in the nonwoven fabric 1 (total sum of fiber diameter distributions of 10 fibers obtained by the above formula (2)) / 6 (3)
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is preferably 8 fibers / cm or more, more preferably 12 fibers / cm or more, from the viewpoint of improving the touch. Further, from the viewpoint of obtaining sufficient breaking strength, the upper limit is preferably 100 / cm or less, more preferably 40 / cm or less from the viewpoint that the appearance is not fuzzy.
- “raising fibers” means, in the nonwoven fabric 1, raised fibers 20 having free ends (low raised fibers 21 (first low raised fibers 211 in which the free ends 20 b are thickened and thickened).
- Second low raised fibers 212) and high raised fibers 22 (first high raised fibers 221 with a thick free end 20b and second high raised fibers 222 with not thick)), and standing in a loop shape Means a fiber made of loop-like fibers 23.
- the raised fiber is measured by the following measuring method.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a method for measuring the number of fibers raised among the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 in an environment of 22 ° C. and 65% RH.
- a 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm measuring piece was cut out with a sharp razor, and as shown in FIG.
- a measurement sample 104 is formed by folding in a fold line Z extending in the X direction passing through the heat fusion part 3.
- this measurement sample 104 is placed on an A4 size black mount, and as shown in FIG. 6 (b), an A4 size black mount in which holes 107 of 1 cm in length and 1 cm in width are further formed. Put on.
- FIG. 6 shows a 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm measuring piece
- the fold 105 of the measurement sample 104 is arranged so that it can be seen from the hole 107 of the upper black mount.
- “Kenran (black) continuous weight 265 g” of Fuji Kyowa Paper Co., Ltd. was used for both mounts. Thereafter, a weight of 50 g is placed on each side of the upper mount hole 107 at a position 5 cm outward along the fold line 105 to create a state in which the measurement sample 104 is completely folded.
- FIG. 6C the inside of the hole 107 of the mount is observed at a magnification of 30 times using a microscope (VHX-900 manufactured by KEYENCE), and the measurement sample 104 has a fold 105 to 0.
- the fibers raised above the imaginary line 108 formed at the position translated by 2 mm above are assumed to be raised fibers, and the number of raised fibers per 1 cm is measured. Nine points are measured, and the average value (rounded to the second decimal place) is taken as the number of raised fibers.
- the number of raised fibers for example, there is a fiber that crosses the virtual line 108 that is 0.2 mm above the fold 105 twice, such as a fiber 106a shown in FIG.
- the fiber counts as two.
- the number of raised fibers is six.
- the raised fibers are less likely to become pills, are less likely to come off, and appear to be soft in appearance, so that the height is preferably 1.5 mm or less, and 0.8 mm or less. More preferably. From the above viewpoint, the lower the better, the better. However, if it is 0.2 mm or more, a sufficiently satisfactory touch can be obtained. In addition to the above, it is more preferable that the height of the raised fiber is 1.5 mm or less and the raised fiber is 8 fibers / cm or more in order to satisfy the breaking strength. preferable. Further, the height of the raised fibers is 0.5 mm or less and the number of raised fibers is 15 fibers / cm or more, because it is difficult to cling to the skin and the touch is preferable.
- the fiber height means the fiber height in a natural state without pulling the fiber during measurement.
- the value of the length of the raised fiber is large or the rigidity of the fiber is high, the height of the raised fiber tends to increase. The height of the raised fiber is measured by the following measurement method.
- the height of the raised fibers is measured simultaneously when the number of raised fibers is measured. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6C, the inside of the hole 107 of the mount is observed, and a line is drawn in parallel from the crease 105 to the point where the raised fibers do not intersect every 0.05 mm. Next, compared to the number of raised fibers measured as described above (determined from the imaginary line 108 above 0.2 mm), select a parallel line that halves the fibers that intersect the parallel line, and from there Measure the distance to the crease. Three sheets are measured for the nonwoven fabric for measuring the above operation, and the average of three places for three pieces and three places for each piece is taken as the height of raised fibers (also called raised height). .
- the height of the raised fibers and the bulk softness of the nonwoven fabric 1 in addition to the raised fibers are 8.0 cN or less in terms of obtaining a flexible product and excellent touch. Furthermore, it is preferable that it is 0.5 cN or more and 3.0 cN or less from the point that it becomes a supple thing like a baby or infant. Bulk softness is measured by the following measurement method.
- the bulk softness of the non-woven fabric 1 is obtained by cutting the non-woven fabric 1 150 mm in the MD direction and 30 mm in the CD direction in a 22 ° C. and 65% RH environment, and using a stapler to form a ring shape with a diameter of 45 mm at two upper and lower ends stop. At this time, the stapler core is elongated in the MD direction. Using a tensile tester (for example, Tensilon tensile tester “RTA-100” manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.), the ring is placed in a cylindrical shape on the sample stage, and the compression speed is 10 mm on a flat plate substantially parallel to the stage from above.
- a tensile tester for example, Tensilon tensile tester “RTA-100” manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.
- a ring is produced by changing the MD direction and the CD direction, and the bulk softness in the MD direction is similarly measured. Two rings each in the MD direction and the CD direction are prepared and measured, and the average value of the CD direction and the MD direction is defined as the bulk sftness of the nonwoven fabric 1.
- the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 are latent crimped fibers.
- the latent crimped fiber may be provided with a small amount of additives such as a fiber colorant, an antistatic property agent, a softening agent, and a hydrophilic agent.
- a softening agent for example, a wax emulsion, a reactive softening agent, a silicone compound, a surfactant, and the like can be used.
- amino group-containing silicones, oxyalkylene group-containing silicones, and surfactants are preferably used.
- surfactants carboxylate anionic surfactants, sulfonate anionic surfactants, sulfate ester anionic surfactants, phosphate ester anionic surfactants (especially alkyl phosphates). Acid ester salts) and the like; polyhydric alcohol monofatty acid esters such as sorbitan fatty acid ester, diethylene glycol monostearate, diethylene glycol monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl monooleate, propylene glycol monostearate, oleic acid Fatty acid amides such as amide, stearic acid amide, erucic acid amide, N- (3-oleyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl) diethanolamine, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbit beeswax, polyoxy Tylene sorbitan sesquistearate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan sesquistearate, polyoxyethylene glyceryl mono
- Manufacturing apparatuses preferably used in the method for manufacturing the nonwoven fabric 1 are roughly classified into a pre-processing section 4 and a raised processing section 5 disposed on the downstream side of the pre-processing section 4.
- the pre-processing part 4 is also a partial stretch processing part in this manufacturing apparatus.
- the pre-processing unit 4 includes a steel matching embossing roller 43 including a pair of rollers 41 and 42 as shown in FIG.
- the steel matching embossing roller 43 is of a metallic cylindrical shape such as aluminum alloy or steel, and one roller 41 has a plurality of convex portions 411 on the peripheral surface, and the other
- the roller 42 has a concave portion 422 into which the convex portion 411 enters at a position corresponding to the convex portion 411 of the one roller 41 on the peripheral surface.
- the other roller 42 has a plurality of convex portions 421 on the peripheral surface, and one roller 41 has a concave portion 412 in which the convex portion 421 enters the peripheral surface at a position corresponding to the convex portion 421 of the other roller 42.
- the convex parts 411 and 421 and the recessed parts 412 and 422 are all arrange
- the pair of rollers 41 and 42 are engaged with each other and rotated when a driving force from a driving means (not shown) is transmitted to one of the rotating shafts.
- the one concavo-convex roller 41 and the other concavo-convex roller 42 are the same rollers except that the convex portions 411 and 421 are provided at positions corresponding to the concave portions 422 and 412. It is. Therefore, in the following description, with respect to similar parts, the convex portion 411 of one concave-convex roller 41 and the concave portion 412 of the other concave-convex roller 42 will be mainly described.
- the pre-processing part 4 is provided with the conveyance rollers 44 and 45 used when conveying the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 in the upstream and downstream of the steel matching embossing roller 43, as shown, for example in FIG.
- the rotation speed of the steel matching embossing roller 43 is controlled by a control unit (not shown) provided in the manufacturing apparatus.
- Each convex portion 411 of the roller 41 has a height from the peripheral surface of the roller 41 to the apex of the convex portion 411 of preferably 1 mm or more, particularly 2 mm or more, and preferably 10 mm or less, particularly 7 mm or less.
- the distance (pitch) between the protrusions 411 adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction is preferably 0.01 mm or more, particularly preferably 1 mm or more, preferably 20 mm or less, particularly preferably 10 mm or less, and the protrusions adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the distance (pitch) between 411 is also preferably 0.01 mm or more, particularly preferably 1 mm or more, and is preferably 20 mm or less, particularly preferably 10 mm or less.
- each convex portion 411 of the roller 41 is not particularly limited, and for example, a circle, a polygon, an ellipse, etc. are used, and the area of the top surface of each convex portion 411 is 0.01 mm 2 or more, in particular
- the thickness is preferably 0.1 mm 2 or more, more preferably 500 mm 2 or less, and particularly preferably 10 mm 2 or less.
- the depth of engagement between each convex portion 411 of the roller 41 and each concave portion 422 of the roller 42 (the length of the portion where each convex portion 411 and each concave portion 422 overlap) is 0.1 mm or more, particularly 1 mm or more. It is preferably 10 mm or less, particularly preferably 5 mm or less.
- the raised processing part 5 has a convex roller 51 having a convex part 511 on the peripheral surface, and a conveying roller 52 used when conveying the pre-processed nonwoven fabric 10 ′ to the upstream side and the downstream side of the convex roller 51. , 53 are provided.
- the convex roller 51 rotates when a driving force from a driving means (not shown) is transmitted to its rotating shaft.
- the rotation speed of the convex roller 51 is controlled by a control unit (not shown) included in the manufacturing apparatus.
- Each convex portion 511 of the convex roller 51 has a height from the peripheral surface of the convex roller 51 to the apex of the convex portion 511 of preferably 0.001 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and 0.001 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less. More preferably. Since the convex roller 51 includes such a minute height, the convex roller 51 includes a so-called sandblasted mat roller (sandblast roller).
- the distance (pitch) between the protrusions 511 adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less, more preferably 0.1 mm or more and 3 mm or less, and the protrusions 511 adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the distance (pitch) between them is preferably from 0.1 mm to 50 mm, and more preferably from 0.1 mm to 3 mm.
- the shape of the top surface of each convex portion 511 of the convex roller 51 is not particularly limited, and for example, a circle, a polygon, an ellipse or the like is used, and the area of the top surface of each convex portion 511 is 0.001 mm 2 or more and 20 mm. preferably 2 or less, still more preferably 0.01 mm 2 or more 1 mm 2 or less.
- the density of the convex portions 511 is preferably 1000 / cm 2 or more and 3000 / cm 2 or less, and preferably 1200 / cm 2 or more and 2500 / cm 2. More preferably, it is as follows.
- the strip-shaped raw material nonwoven fabric 10 which is the raw material of the nonwoven fabric 1 is unwound from an original fabric roll (not shown), As shown in FIG. 7, the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 is conveyed between a pair of rollers 41 and 42 of a steel matching embossing roller 43 via conveying rollers 44 and 45.
- the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 for example, a spunbond nonwoven fabric made of latent crimped fibers, or a laminated nonwoven fabric of a spunbond layer made of latent crimped fibers and a meltblown layer made of latent crimped fibers, Examples thereof include a nonwoven fabric in a contracted and crimped state.
- the laminated nonwoven fabric include spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, spunbond-spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, spunbond-spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, etc. Can be mentioned.
- a partial stretching process is performed on each of a plurality of locations of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10. More specifically, in the pre-processed portion 4, as shown in FIG. 7, the raw nonwoven fabric 10 is sandwiched between a pair of rollers 41 and 42, and the raw nonwoven fabric 10 is partially stretched to cause damage.
- the pair of rollers 41 and 42 of the steel matching embossing roller 43 does not actively heat or constitute the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 from the viewpoint of not causing heat fusion between the constituent fibers of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 when giving damage.
- the steel match embossing is preferably performed at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the component having the lowest melting point among the components of the fibers to be processed, particularly at a temperature lower by 70 ° C. or more than the melting point.
- the damaged raw material nonwoven fabric 10 ′ is conveyed to the convex roller 51 via the conveying rollers 52 and 53 as shown in FIG.
- a part of the long fibers 2 of the fiber assembly 11 constituting the raw nonwoven fabric 10 ′ is broken using a convex roller having a convex part on the peripheral surface, and only one end part 20 a is heat-melted.
- the raised fiber 20 (including the low raised fiber 21 and the high raised fiber 22) having a free end portion fixed by the attaching portion 3 and having the other end side as the free end portion 20b is formed.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 which has the raising fiber 20 (including the low raising fiber 21 and the high raising fiber 22) which has the free end part which only the one end part 20a is being fixed by the heat-fusion part 3 of the spunbond nonwoven fabric. Formed (see FIG. 1).
- the rotation direction of the convex roller 51 is opposite to the conveying direction of the raw nonwoven fabric 10 ′.
- the convex roller 51 is preferably rotated at a speed of 0.3 to 30 times the conveying speed of the raw nonwoven fabric 10 ′.
- the convex roller 51 When rotating in the circumferential direction (forward direction with respect to the transport direction), the convex roller 51 is preferably rotated at a speed of 1.5 to 50 times.
- the speed of the convex roller 51 means the peripheral speed on the peripheral surface of the convex roller 51.
- the position of the conveying roller 53 than the convex roller 51 is shown in FIG. Is set high and the damaged raw material nonwoven fabric 10 ′ is preferably in contact with the contact surface with the convex roller 51 at a holding angle ⁇ .
- the holding angle ⁇ is preferably 10 ° or more, particularly preferably 30 ° or more, and particularly preferably 180 ° or less, particularly preferably 120 ° or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing the width reduction due to neck-in of the nonwoven fabric. It is preferably 10 ° or more and 180 ° or less, and more preferably 30 ° or more and 120 ° or less.
- the raising fiber 20 which has the free end part which the nonwoven fabric 1 formed as mentioned above has, as above-mentioned, as a raw material nonwoven fabric 10, a part of fiber is heat-shrinked and it is the crimped fiber of the state crimped Since the non-woven fabric made of is used, a part of the long fiber 2 is broken by the convex roller 51, and the free-end fiber 20 and the free-end part 20b in which the free end 20b hangs down on the surface side of the fiber assembly 11 The high raised fiber 22 having the highest height is formed.
- the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 is stretched by the steel matching embossing roller 43 to form a weakening point in the heat fusion part 3 of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10, and thereafter, the convex roller 51 weakens the extreme surface of the heat fusion part 3 of the nonwoven fabric.
- the long fibers 2 are broken from the point, and the fibers cut from the heat-sealing portion 3 become the fibers (the first low raised fibers 211 and the first high raised fibers 221) whose free end portion 20b is thick.
- the weakening point can be adjusted by the amount of meshing between the pair of upper and lower rollers 41 and 42 of the steel matching embossing roller 43.
- Second high raised fibers 222) are formed.
- the long fiber 2 is peeled from the weakening point of the heat fusion part 3 by the convex roller 51, and the fiber peeled from the heat fusion part 3 is looped between the heat fusion parts 3 and 3. When it stands up, it becomes a loop-like fiber 23.
- the nonwoven fabric manufactured by the suitable manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric 1 mentioned above raises after forming a weakening point in the heat-fusion part 3 with the steel matching embossing roller 43, it compared with the nonwoven fabric manufactured by the conventional raising method.
- the loop-shaped fibers 23 and the fibers that are not thick are characterized by a small percentage.
- the hair is raised after forming the weakening point in the heat-bonding portion 3 by the steel matching embossing roller 43, it is difficult to form a so-called break (a tear or a hole) between the heat-bonding portions 3, and the breaking strength of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 is increased. It can be maintained as it is.
- the manufacturing apparatus described above may further include a heat treatment unit that performs heat treatment at a temperature lower than the melting point of the fibers constituting the raw nonwoven fabric 10.
- the heat treatment part is arranged before the processing by the steel match embossing roller 43 of the pre-processing part 4, before the processing of the convex roller 51 of the raising part 5, or after the processing of the convex roller 51 of the raising part 5, and the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 can be treated with hot air at a temperature below the melting point of the fiber.
- the hot air treatment the crimp rate can be further increased, and the touch performance and the absorption performance can be further improved by increasing the ratio of the low raised fibers 21 or increasing the bulkiness.
- the heat treatment part is provided after the processing of the convex roller 51 of the raised part 5, and the pre-processed part 4 is subjected to partial stretching at each of a plurality of locations of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10, and then the raised part 5 Using raised rollers 51 having convex portions 511 on the surface, part of the long fibers 2 of the fiber assembly 11 of the raw nonwoven fabric 10 ′ subjected to the partial stretching process is broken to raise the raised fibers 20 having free ends. Forming and then heat-treating the raised fibers 20 having free ends in the heat treatment part is preferable from the viewpoint of producing the nonwoven fabric 1 having further improved touch performance and absorption performance.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of the present embodiment has a free end portion in which a part of the long fiber 2 is broken and only one end portion 20 a is fixed by the heat fusion portion 3.
- Raised fiber 20 is formed. Since the raised fiber 20 having such a free end portion is crimped, the nonwoven fabric 1 can be given a plump feeling as a whole.
- the raised fiber 20 having the free end portion of the nonwoven fabric 1 is a crimped low raised fiber (a first end in which the free end portion 20b is thicker) with the free end portion 20b depending on the surface side of the fiber assembly 11.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of this embodiment has few loop-shaped fibers, and it is hard to catch on skin and the touch improves. Spunbond nonwoven fabrics and spunbond laminated nonwoven fabrics have less plumpness in the past, and are inferior to the touch compared to nonwoven fabrics manufactured by the air-through method. In addition, plumpness is added and the touch is greatly improved.
- the first low raised fiber 211 having a thick free end 20b has its free end 20b raised above the surface of the fiber assembly 11, Since the item hangs down on the surface side of the fiber assembly 11, the entire nonwoven fabric 1 is further given a plump feeling, and the catch on the skin can be reduced. Moreover, since the whole component fiber which comprises the nonwoven fabric 1 has crimpability, as shown in FIG. 3, a plump feeling can further be given to the nonwoven fabric 1 whole.
- the range of use of the nonwoven fabric 1 is suitably used mainly for components in absorbent articles such as disposable diapers and sanitary napkins.
- the constituent member include a surface sheet, a back sheet, a sheet constituting an outer packaging material of the disposable diaper, and the nonwoven fabric 1 is particularly suitable for a surface sheet of an absorbent article used for a wearer's skin contact surface. Used for.
- the use range of the nonwoven fabric 1 is also suitably used for a cleaning sheet.
- the disposable diaper using the nonwoven fabric 1 will be described as an example.
- the pants-type disposable diaper 100 is positioned on the non-skin contact surface side of the absorbent main body 50 including the absorbent body 40 and fixes the absorbent main body 50.
- an outer packaging material 60 As shown in FIG. 10, the absorbent main body 50 includes a liquid-permeable top sheet 70, a liquid-impermeable (including water-repellent) back sheet 80, and a liquid-retaining property interposed between both sheets 70 and 80. It has the absorber 40 and is substantially vertically long.
- the outer packaging material 60 includes a back side portion A disposed on the back side of the wearer, an abdominal side portion B disposed on the abdomen side, and an inseam located between the crotch portions.
- the outer packaging material 60 includes an outer layer sheet 62 that forms the outer surface of the diaper, and an inner layer sheet 61 that is located on the skin contact surface side and is partially joined to the outer layer sheet 62.
- the waist elastic member 63 and the leg elastic member 64 for gathering are disposed between the sheets 61 and 62 in the waist and leg 6d that form the leg opening.
- the absorbent main body 50 is disposed across the back side portion A and the abdominal side portion B of the outer packaging material 60, and both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent main body 50 are disposed on the outer packaging material 60. It is in the position retreated inward in the longitudinal direction from both ends in the longitudinal direction.
- the non-skin contact surface of the back sheet 80 of the absorbent main body 50 is an inner layer sheet 61 of the outer packaging material 60 by a bonding method using an adhesive, heat seal, ultrasonic seal or the like. It is joined to the skin contact surface.
- FIG. 10 in the absorbent main body 50, the non-skin contact surface of the back sheet 80 of the absorbent main body 50 is an inner layer sheet 61 of the outer packaging material 60 by a bonding method using an adhesive, heat seal, ultrasonic seal or the like. It is joined to the skin contact surface.
- side cuffs 55 and 55 made of a liquid-impermeable or water-repellent and breathable material are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent main body 50.
- an elastic member 56 for forming the side cuff is disposed and fixed in an extended state.
- the side cuff 55 can stand on the free end side when the diaper is worn, and can prevent excrement from flowing out in the width direction of the absorbent main body 50.
- the side cuff 55 forming sheet has a portion 55 a having a predetermined width on the outer side in the width direction of the absorbent main body 50 wound around the non-skin contact surface side of the absorbent body 40. 40 and the back sheet 80 are fixed. Note that the portion 55 a having a predetermined width may be fixed between the back sheet 30 and the outer packaging material 60.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of this embodiment is preferably used as the top sheet 70 of the pants-type disposable diaper 100 used on the skin contact surface of the wearer. Moreover, it can also be used as the outer layer sheet 62 and the inner layer sheet 61 of the outer packaging material 60, the back sheet 80, and the side cuff 55 forming sheet. As the member of each part when the nonwoven fabric 1 is not used, those used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers can be used without particular limitation. For example, as the top sheet 70, a liquid-permeable nonwoven fabric, a perforated film, or a laminate thereof can be used, and as the back sheet 80, a resin film or a laminate of the resin film and the nonwoven fabric can be used. Can do.
- a stretchable film, a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a laminated sheet thereof can be used.
- a nonwoven fabric a nonwoven fabric, or a laminated sheet thereof
- a water-repellent nonwoven fabric or the like can be used.
- the absorber 40 those conventionally used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers can be used without particular limitation.
- the absorbent body 40 a fiber aggregate of a fiber material such as pulp or a material in which a superabsorbent polymer is supported and wrapped with a covering material such as tissue paper or a water-permeable nonwoven fabric is used.
- a covering material such as tissue paper or a water-permeable nonwoven fabric.
- the elastic member 56 for forming side cuffs, the waist elastic member 63, and the leg elastic member 64 those normally used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers can be used without particular limitation.
- a stretchable material made of natural rubber, polyurethane, polystyrene-polyisoprene copolymer, polystyrene-polybutadiene copolymer, polyethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer such as ethyl acrylate-ethylene, or the like can be used.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not limited to the nonwoven fabric 1 of the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.
- the convex roller in the raised portion 5 has a pair of tooth groove rollers provided on the peripheral surface with tooth grooves that mesh with each other, a knurled roll, and thermal spraying.
- a roll, a card wire, a sandblasted mat roll (sandblast roller), or the like is preferably used.
- a convex roller in which convex portions of the top surface of the convex roller 51, such as a circle, a polygon, and an ellipse, are scattered on the peripheral surface may be used. Paper may be used. In these, it is preferable to use a sandblast roller.
- the pre-processed part 4 which is a partially stretched part is provided, but only the raised part 5 may be used.
- non-woven fabric non-woven fabric manufacturing method, absorbent article surface sheet, absorbent article, and disposable diaper are disclosed with respect to the above-described embodiment.
- a non-woven fabric comprising a fiber assembly in which long fibers are fixed by a heat fusion part, A part of the long fiber is broken, and has a raised fiber in which only one end is fixed by the heat fusion part and the other end is a free end, and the raised fiber has crimpability.
- a non-woven fabric comprising low raised fibers in which the height of the free end is lower than the height at the highest position in the raised fibers.
- the said low raising fiber is a nonwoven fabric as described in said ⁇ 1> containing the raising fiber in which the said free end part is thick.
- the said raising fiber is a nonwoven fabric as described in said ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2> which has the said low raising fiber and the high raising fiber.
- the value of breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric is preferably 5.00 N / 50 mm or more, more preferably 8 N / 50 mm or more and 30 N / 50 mm or less, according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>.
- Non-woven fabric is a nonwoven fabric as described in said ⁇ 1> containing the raising fiber in which the said free end part is thick.
- the breaking strength of the raw material nonwoven fabric for producing the nonwoven fabric is preferably 7 N / 50 mm or more, more preferably 10 N / 50 mm or more and 50 N / 50 mm or less. Any one of the above items ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4> The nonwoven fabric described.
- the ratio of the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric and the raw material nonwoven fabric is 0.5 or more, preferably 0.7 or more, and 1.0 or less, The nonwoven fabric according to ⁇ 5>, which is 0.5 or more and 1.0 or less, or 0.7 or more and 1.0 or less.
- the compression characteristic value of the nonwoven fabric at a minute load is preferably 0.98 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm or more, preferably 17.6 (cN / cm 2 ) / mm or less, 14.7 ( preferably cN / cm 2) / mm or less, 9.80 (cN / cm 2) / mm to become less and more preferably the ⁇ 1> to nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 6>.
- the brushed fiber having a thick free end is preferably 15% or more, more preferably 20% or more, and even more preferably 25% or more in the value of the increase ratio of the tip fiber diameter ⁇ 2>.
- ⁇ 9> The nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein a ratio of the low raised fibers in the raised fibers is 20% or more.
- the ratio of fibers with a thick free end in the low-raised fibers is preferably 35% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and particularly preferably 50% or more ⁇ 2 > Non-woven fabric.
- the non-woven fabric has loop-like fibers that stand up in a loop shape between the heat-sealed portions, Of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric, the ratio of the loop-shaped fibers in the total number of the raised fibers and the loop-shaped fibers in which only one end is fixed by the heat-sealed portion is preferably less than 50%.
- ⁇ 12> The nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, wherein the long fibers other than the raised fibers of the fiber assembly have crimpability.
- ⁇ 13> The nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 12>, wherein all the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric have crimpability.
- ⁇ 14> The nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 13>, wherein the crimped rate of the raised fibers is 80% or less.
- the crimp rate is preferably 80% or less, more preferably 70% or less, and preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and more specifically 20% or more and 80% or less.
- the number of crimps of the raised fiber is 15/25 mm or more, preferably 20/25 mm or more, and 50/25 mm or less, preferably 40/25 mm or less. Or the nonwoven fabric according to 1.
- the raised fibers are preferably 8 fibers / cm or more, more preferably 12 fibers / cm or more, and 100 fibers / cm or less, more preferably 40 fibers / cm or less.
- the nonwoven fabric according to 1. ⁇ 20> Using a convex roller having a convex portion on the peripheral surface, it has a raising process step of breaking a part of the long fiber of the fiber assembly to form the raised fiber, and the convex roller is a sand blast roller.
- ⁇ 21> The method for producing a nonwoven fabric according to any one of the above ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 19>, The manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric which has the raising process process which fractures
- the convex roller is a sand blast roller, and the density of the convex portions is preferably 1000 / cm 2 or more and 3000 / cm 2 or less, and more preferably 1200 / cm 2 or more and 2500 / cm 2 or less.
- the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric as described in said ⁇ 21> preferable.
- the pair of rollers of the steel matching embossing roller is at a temperature not higher than the melting point of the component showing the lowest melting point among the components of the fibers constituting the raw material nonwoven fabric, in particular, not less than 70 ° C. above the melting point.
- ⁇ 26> The method for producing a nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 21> to ⁇ 25>, further comprising a heat treatment step of performing a heat treatment at a temperature lower than the melting point of the fibers constituting the raw material nonwoven fabric.
- a partial stretching process After partially stretching each of a plurality of locations of the raw material nonwoven fabric, in the raised processing process, a partial stretching process was performed using a convex roller having a convex portion on the peripheral surface.
- the method for producing a nonwoven fabric according to ⁇ 26> wherein a part of the long fibers of the fiber assembly is broken to form the raised fibers, and then the raised fibers are heat-treated in the heat treatment step.
- ⁇ 28> A top sheet for an absorbent article, wherein the nonwoven fabric according to any one of the above items ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 20> is used on a skin contact surface of a wearer.
- ⁇ 29> An absorbent article using the nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 20> as a constituent member.
- ⁇ 30> A disposable diaper using the nonwoven fabric according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 20> as a constituent member.
- Example 1 As the raw material nonwoven fabric, a nonwoven fabric made of crimped fibers in a heat-shrinked and crimped state was used. Actually, a spunbond-spunbond laminate having a basis weight of 17 g / m 2 obtained by crimping an eccentric core-sheath-type latent crimped fiber composed of an ethylene-propylene random copolymer having a fiber diameter of 13.7 ⁇ m and a polypropylene component. Nonwoven fabric) was used. Next, this spunbonded nonwoven fabric was passed through a steel matching embossing roller 43 shown in FIG. 7, surface-treated with a convex roller 51 shown in FIG.
- each protrusion 411 in the roller 41 of the steel matching embossing roller 43 used is 5.0 mm
- the depth of engagement between each protrusion 411 of the roller 41 and each recess 422 of the roller 42 is 4 mm. 0.0 mm.
- the distance (pitch) between the convex parts 411 adjacent in the rotation axis direction was 7 mm
- the distance (pitch) between the convex parts 411 adjacent in the circumferential direction was 7 mm.
- Each convex part 421 in the roller 42 of the steel matching embossing roller 43 is the same.
- the height of the convex part of the used convex roll 51 is 0.07 mm at the maximum, and a sandblasted mat roll (sandblast roller) having a density of protrusions of about 2000 pieces / cm 2 was used.
- the convex roller 51 was rotated at a speed four times in the opposite direction to the conveyance direction of the nonwoven fabric.
- the hugging angle was 60 degrees. Each conveyance speed was 20 m / min.
- Example 2 As the raw material nonwoven fabric, a nonwoven fabric made of crimped fibers in a heat-shrinked and crimped state was used. Actually, as in Example 1, a basis weight of 17 g / m 2 obtained by crimping an eccentric core-sheath-type latent crimped fiber composed of an ethylene-propylene random copolymer having a fiber diameter of 13.7 ⁇ m and a polypropylene component. Spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric). Next, the surface of this spunbonded nonwoven fabric was processed only by the convex roller 51 shown in FIG. 8, and the nonwoven fabric of Example 2 was produced.
- the height of the convex part of the convex roller 51 used was 0.07 mm at the maximum, and a sandblasted mat roll having a density of protrusions of about 2000 pieces / cm 2 was used. It rotated at the speed
- the hugging angle was 60 degrees.
- the conveyance speed was 20 m / min.
- Example 3 As the raw material nonwoven fabric, a nonwoven fabric made of crimped fibers in a heat-shrinked and crimped state was used. Actually, as in Example 1, a basis weight of 17 g / m 2 obtained by crimping an eccentric core-sheath-type latent crimped fiber composed of an ethylene-propylene random copolymer having a fiber diameter of 13.7 ⁇ m and a polypropylene component. Spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric). Next, the surface of this spunbonded nonwoven fabric was processed only by the convex roller 51 shown in FIG. 8, and then the nonwoven fabric of Example 3 was produced by performing heat treatment.
- the height of the convex part of the convex roller 51 used was 0.07 mm at the maximum, and a sandblasted mat roll having a density of protrusions of about 2000 pieces / cm 2 was used.
- the convex roller 51 used was rotated at a speed 30 times in the opposite direction to the conveyance direction of the nonwoven fabric.
- the holding angle was 60 degrees and the conveyance speed was 20 m / min. Thereafter, heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 120 ° C. for 1 minute.
- Example 2 A nonwoven fabric made of fibers that are not crimped fibers was used as the raw material nonwoven fabric. Actually, a spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric made of polypropylene resin having a fiber diameter of 14.6 ⁇ m and having a basis weight of 17 g / m 2 was used. Next, this spunbonded nonwoven fabric was treated in two steps under the same conditions as in Example 1 to produce a nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 2.
- the “raising fibers” measured by this measurement method are the raised fibers 20 (low raised fibers 21 (first low raised fibers 211 and second low raised fibers 212) and high raised fibers.
- the fiber 22 (the 1st high raising fiber 221 and the 2nd high raising fiber 222) and the loop-like fiber 23 standing up in a loop shape are meant.
- the raised fibers 20 having the free end (the low raised fibers 21 (the first low raised fibers 211 in which the free end 20b is thick and the second low raised fibers 212 in which the free end 20b is not thick) and the high Low raised fiber 21 (first low raised fiber 211 and first high raised fiber 221 in which free end portion 20b is thick and second high raised fiber 222 in which free end portion 20b is not thick)
- the ratio of the second low raised fibers 212) was calculated, and the free ends of the low raised fibers 21 (the first low raised fibers 211 that are thick and the second low raised fibers 212 that are not thick) are thickened.
- the ratio of the first low raised fiber 211 is calculated and shown in Table 1.
- the surface sheet was peeled off from a commercially available baby diaper (Mary's pants L size manufactured by Kao Corporation 2012), and the non-woven fabrics of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were used as the surface sheet to measure the absorption performance. .
- the waistline gathers and leg gathers were removed, and the diapers were fixed horizontally with the surface material facing up in the unfolded state.
- An acrylic plate with a cylindrical injection portion was placed on the top sheet, and a weight was further placed on the acrylic plate, and a load of 2 kPa was applied.
- the injection port provided in the acrylic plate has a cylindrical shape with an inner diameter of 36 mm (height 53 mm), and the acrylic plate has a central portion of the cylindrical injection portion at one third of the longitudinal direction and the central axis in the width direction. And a through hole having an inner diameter of 36 mm is formed to communicate between the inside of the cylindrical injection portion and the surface of the acrylic plate facing the surface sheet. It arrange
- Table 1 shows A when the absorption time is within 85 seconds, B when the absorption time is longer than 85 seconds to shorter than 100 seconds, and C when the absorption time is 100 seconds or more.
- compression characteristics at minute load With respect to the nonwoven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, the values of the compression characteristics at the time of minute load in the nonwoven fabric were obtained by the above-described measurement method of the compression characteristics value at the time of minute load. value is a in the case of 18.0 (gf / cm 2) / mm or less, shown as B is greater than 18.0 (gf / cm 2) / mm in Table 1. Compression property value at small load is an index plump showing a sensitive, high plump feel The smaller the value, 10.0 (gf / cm 2) / mm to obtain a fuller feeling close to nice and soft air-through nonwoven fabric below Can do.
- the non-woven fabrics of Examples 1 to 3 and the non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 2 have higher fiber feel than the non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 1, because there are raised fibers. I understood. As is apparent from the results shown in Table 1, it was found that the nonwoven fabrics of Examples 1 to 3 had a higher ratio of low raised fibers than the nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 2, and thus the touch was even higher. . As is apparent from the results shown in Table 1, since the nonwoven fabrics of Examples 1 to 3 are formed of crimped fibers as compared with the nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 2, the absorption time is short and the absorbency is low. It turns out that it improves.
- the breaking strength is high, the whole feels more plump, hardly gets caught on the skin, and the touch is further improved.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2に記載の不織布によれば、ループ状の繊維が少なく、肌に引っかかり難く肌触りが向上する。また、破断強度が高いにも拘わらず、全体にふっくら感があり、肌触りが向上する。しかし、更に肌触りを向上させたいとのニーズがあった。
本実施形態の不織布1は、図1に示すように、長繊維2が熱融着部3により固定された繊維集合体11を具備する不織布であって、長繊維2の一部が破断されて、一端部20aのみが熱融着部3により固定され他端部側が自由端部20bとなっている起毛繊維20(以下、自由端部を有する起毛繊維20ともいう)を備えている。そしてこの自由端部を有する起毛繊維20は、自由端部20bの高さが自由端部を有する起毛繊維20中の最高位置20cでの高さよりも低い低起毛繊維21を含んでいる。言い換えれば、低起毛繊維21とは、1本の自由端部を有する起毛繊維20に着目した際、該自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の最高位置20cでの高さよりも自由端部20bの高さが低くなっている繊維を意味する。そして、不織布1の自由端部を有する起毛繊維20は、自由端部20bの高さが自由端部を有する起毛繊維20中の最高位置20cでの高さになっている高起毛繊維22を含んでいる。低起毛繊維21であるか、高起毛繊維であるかの判別は後述する繊維径の測定法に基づき、ランダムに10本選んだ自由端部を有する起毛繊維20をおよそ50倍に拡大したSEM画像から、先端位置の関係を観察し、折り目105からの高さを比較して判断する。不織布1については、図1に示すように、不織布1の長手方向をY方向、不織布1の幅方向をX方向として、以下説明する。尚、不織布1に関し、構成繊維の配向方向により繊維の配向方向に沿うMD方向を長手方向(Y方向)、それと直交するCD方向を幅方向(X方向)と判断する。従って、以下の説明では、長手方向(Y方向)とMD方向とは同じ方向を意味し、幅方向(X方向)とCD方向は同じ方向を意味する。
観察範囲が10mm幅で観察できるように、不織布1から、やや大きめ(CD方向(幅方向Y)に60~70mm、MD方向(長手方向X)に50mm程度)の観察サンプルを3枚切出す。
次に切出したサンプルをフラットな状態になるよう図2に示すように黒台紙に固定し、複数個の熱融着部3を通り、かつX方向に延びる折り返し線Zにて山折りして測定サンプル104を形成する。二つ折りする際には、観察サンプルが断面視して観察できるような位置の折線で折る。次いで、二つ折りした観察折部を刷毛(株式会社コメリ製、一般刷毛No.812 30mm)で軽く5回観察サンプルを起毛繊維が起立する方向に擦って構成繊維の起毛を観察し易くする。ここで、刷毛は、刷毛による撫での最中に測定対象領域にかかる力(撫でる力)が5~15gfの範囲に入るように調整する。撫でる力は、秤を用いて測定することができ、その測定値を参考にして調整することできる。
上述のように山折りした観察サンプル104を、株式会社キーエンス製デジタルマイクロスコープ(型式VHX-1000)にて30倍の倍率で観察する。デジタルマイクロスコープの測定モードの垂直線モードを使って測定する。折り返し線Zに対して平行な直線を引いた時に、折り返し線Zに対して平行な直線と起毛繊維20とが交わる最も離れた位置から、折り返し線Zまでの距離を「起毛最高位置」とする。また、折り返し線Zから自由端部までの距離を自由端部の高さとする。
22℃65%RH環境下にて、不織布1又は原料不織布10から、X方向(幅方向)に200mm、Y方向(長手方向)に50mmの寸法の長方形形状の測定片を切り出す。この切り出された長方形形状の測定片を測定サンプルとする。この測定サンプルを、X方向が引張方向となるように、引張試験機(オリエンテック社製テンシロン引張り試験機「RTA-100」)のチャックに取り付ける。チャック間距離は150mmとする。測定サンプルを300mm/分で引っ張り、サンプル破断までの最大荷重点をX方向の破断強度とする。また、Y方向に200mm、X方向に50mmの寸法の長方形形状の測定片を切り出し、これを測定サンプルとする。この測定サンプルを、そのY方向が引張方向となるように引張試験機のチャックに取り付ける。上述したX方向の破断強度の測定方法と同様の手順によってY方向の破断強度を求める。
肌触りを表す特性値は多く知られており、特にカトーテック株式会社製のKESでの特性値が一般的に知られている(参考文献:風合い評価の標準化と解析(第2版)、著者 川端季雄、発行 昭和55年7月10日)。特にふっくら感を示すにはその中でも圧縮特性と呼ばれる三つの特性値のLC(圧縮荷重―圧縮ひずみ曲線の直線性)、WC(圧縮仕事量)、RC(圧縮レジリエンス)が知られている。これらの圧縮特性は荷重を0.49cN/cm2(0.50gf/cm2)以上49.0cN/cm2(50.0gf/cm2)以下(高感度測定では0.49cN/cm2以上9.80cN/cm2以下(0.50gf/cm2以上10.0gf/cm2以下))かけたときの変形量から特性値を算出している。しかし目付けの小さい(5~25g/m2)不織布などの薄い布では大きな差が出ず、肌触りとの相関は大きくなかった。さらに人間が吸収性物品を触る際の荷重は0.98cN/cm2(1.00gf/cm2)前後と大変軽い荷重で肌触りを感じており、本来の肌触りを表すためには従来の荷重よりも小さい範囲での特性値が有用であると考え、荷重が0.29cN/cm2(0.3gf/cm2)から0.98cN/cm2(1gf/cm2)の間の荷重と、そのときの変形量から新しい特性値を算出する。
微小荷重時の圧縮特性値の算出の元となるデータの測定はカトーテック株式会社製のKES FB3-AUTO-A(商品名)を用い、22℃65%RH環境下にて測定を行う。具体的には、不織布1を20cm×20cmに3枚カットして測定サンプルを準備する。次にそのうちの1枚の測定サンプルを試験台に起毛面を上に向けて設置する(起毛してない場合、または両面が起毛している場合は両方測定して小さいほうを採用する)。次に、面積2cm2の円形平面の鋼板間で圧縮する。圧縮速度20μm/sec、最大圧縮荷重9.80cN/cm2(10.0gf/cm2)、回復過程も同一速度で測定する。このとき、鋼板間の変位量をx(mm)とし、荷重をy(cN/cm2)とし、荷重を検知した点の位置をx=0として圧縮方向に測定する。xの値は圧縮されるほど大きくなる。
先ず、22℃65%RH環境下にて、図5(a)に示すように、測定する不織布1から、鋭利なかみそりで、X方向に2cm、Y方向に2cmの大きさの測定片を切り出して、図5(b)に示すように、複数個の熱融着部3を通るX方向に延びる折り返し線Zにて山折りした測定サンプルを、図5(c)に示すように、カーボンテープを載せた走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)用アルミ製試料台に載せて固定する。次に、およそ50倍に拡大したSEM画像から、一端部20aのみが熱融着部3により固定されている自由端部を有する起毛繊維20をランダムに10本選出し、それら繊維の自由端部の先端付近を750倍に拡大して写真撮影を行なう。得られた写真(図4参照)から、自由端部20bの先端から120μm離れた位置での自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の繊維径(自由端部20bを除く部位での自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の径20c)をそれぞれ測定する。自由端部20bを除く部位での自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の径20cの測定時における傾きを、そのまま自由端部20b側に平行移動し、自由端部20bの先端と先端から20μm離れた位置との間に挟まれた領域において最も太くなっている位置での自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の繊維径(自由端部20bでの自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の径20d)を測定する。尚、先端部が扁平状である場合は観察角度によっては先端が太く見えない場合もあるが、その場合でも得られた写真でそのまま測定する。
先端繊維径の増加割合(%)=[((20d-20c)÷20c)×100]・・・(1)
上述した繊維径の測定法において、およそ50倍に拡大したSEM画像を用いて、自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の捲縮率は、自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の自由端部20bの先端と一端部20aを固定する熱融着部3との最短距離(L1)を自然状態において測定すると共に、該自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の自由端部20bを、刷毛〔株式会社コメリ製、一般用刷毛NO.812、刷毛幅(刷毛における毛が配されている部分全体の幅)30mm〕を用いて、熱融着部3を通るX方向に延びる折り返し線Zと直交する方向にまっすぐに伸ばした状態となるように撫で、まっすぐに伸ばした状態における自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の自由端部20bの先端と一端部20aを固定する熱融着部3との距離(L2)を測定する。そして、距離(L2)における最短距離(L1)の割合(L1×100/L2)を算出して、それを自由端部を有する起毛繊維20の捲縮率とする。尚、別の部位のSEM画像9点からも同様に捲縮率を求め、それらの10点平均により算出する。
先ず、22℃65%RH環境下にて、測定する不織布1から、鋭利なかみそりで、X方向に2cm、Y方向に2cmの大きさの測定片を切り出して、カーボンテープを載せた走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)用アルミ製試料台に折り曲げずにそのまま載せて固定する。次に、およそ750倍に拡大したSEM画像から、ランダムに繊維を10本抽出し、自由端部20bを除く部位においてそれぞれの繊維径を測定する。1つの前記アルミ製試料台で10本の繊維径を上述のように測定し、測定された10本の繊維径d1~d10から平均値daveを求め、得られた10本の繊維径d1~d10と平均値daveとから、下記の式(2)で、ランダムに選んだ10本の繊維の繊維径の分布を求める。測定単位はμmとし、0.1μmの分解能で計測する。10本の繊維の繊維径の分布を、1つの不織布1につき、6箇所前記アルミ製試料台を作成し、各箇所で得られた10本の繊維の繊維径の分布の平均値(下記の式(3)参照)を、不織布1における繊維径の分布とする。尚、10本の繊維の繊維径の分布の算出には、マイクロソフト社の表計算ソフトexcel2003におけるVARPA関数を使用する。
10本の繊維の繊維径の分布=[(d1-dave)2+(d2-dave)2+・・・(d10-dave)2)]/10・・・(2)
不織布1における繊維径の分布(分散度)=(上記式(2)で得られた10本の繊維の繊維径の分布の総和)/6・・・(3)
図6は、22℃65%RH環境下にて、不織布1を構成する繊維の中で起毛している繊維の本数を測定する方法を示した模式図である。先ず、測定する不織布から、鋭利なかみそりで、20cm×20cmの測定片を切り出し、図6(a)に示すように、測定片の起毛した面において、繊維径の測定法と同様に、複数個の熱融着部3を通るX方向に延びる折り返し線Zにて山折りして測定サンプル104を形成する。次に、この測定サンプル104を、A4サイズの黒い台紙の上に載せ、図6(b)に示すように、さらにその上に、縦1cm×横1cmの穴107をあけたA4サイズの黒い台紙を載せる。このとき、図6(b)に示すように、測定サンプル104の折り目105が、上側の黒い台紙の穴107から見えるように配置する。両台紙には、富士共和製紙株式会社の「ケンラン(黒)連量265g」を用いた。その後、上側の台紙の穴107の両側それぞれから、折り目105に沿って外方に5cm離れた位置に、50gのおもりをそれぞれ載せ、測定サンプル104が完全に折りたたまれた状態を作る。次に、図6(c)に示すように、マイクロスコープ(KEYENCE社製VHX-900)を用いて、30倍の倍率で、台紙の穴107内を観察し、測定サンプル104の折り目105から0.2mm上方に平行移動した位置に形成される仮想線108よりも上方に起毛している繊維を起毛している繊維とし、1cmあたりの起毛している繊維の本数を計測する。9箇所計測し、平均値(少数第二位を四捨五入)を起毛している繊維の数とする。
不織布1のバルクソフトネスは、22℃65%RH環境下にて、不織布1をMD方向に150mm、CD方向に30mm切り出し、直径45mmのリング状に、ホッチキスを用いて端部を上下2箇所で止める。このときステープラーの芯はMD方向に長くなるようにする。引張試験機(例えば、オリエンテック社製テンシロン引張り試験機「RTA-100」)を用いて、試料台の上に前記リングを筒状に立て、上方から台とほぼ平行な平板にて圧縮速度10mm/分の速度で圧縮していった際の最大荷重を測定し、CD方向のバルクスフトネスとする。次に、MD方向とCD方向を変えてリングを作製し、同様にMD方向のバルクソフトネスを測定する。MD方向及びCD方向それぞれ2本ずつリングを作製して測定し、これらのCD方向とMD方向の平均値を不織布1のバルクスフトネスとする。
本実施形態の不織布1には、図1,図3に示すように、長繊維2の一部が破断されて、一端部20aのみが熱融着部3により固定されている自由端部を有する起毛繊維20が形成されている。このような自由端部を有する起毛繊維20は捲縮しているので、全体に不織布1にふっくら感を与えることができる。特に、不織布1の自由端部を有する起毛繊維20は、自由端部20bが繊維集合体11の表面側に項垂れている捲縮した低起毛繊維(自由端部20bが太くなっている第1低起毛繊維211及び自由端部20bが太くなっていない第2低起毛繊維212)を有しているので、肌に引っかかり難く、平面方向に対して自由度が高く滑らかになるので、更に肌触りが向上する。また、長繊維2の一部しか破断していないので、破断強度を、原料不織布10と同様に、高く保つことができる。また、本実施形態の不織布1は、ループ状の繊維が少なく、肌に引っかかり難く肌触りが向上する。
スパンボンド不織布やスパンボンドの積層不織布は従来ふっくら感が少なく、エアスルー製法の不織布と比較して肌触りに劣るものであるが、上述した本実施形態の不織布1によれば、和紙のような滑らかさに、ふっくらさが加わり肌触りを大きく向上する。
また、不織布1を構成する構成繊維全体が、図3に示すように、捲縮性を有しているので、不織布1全体にふっくら感を更に与えることができる。
吸収性本体50は、図10に示すように、液透過性の表面シート70、液不透過性(撥水性も含む)の裏面シート80及び両シート70,80間に介在された液保持性の吸収体40を有しており、実質的に縦長である。
外包材60は、図9に示すように、着用者の背側に配される背側部A、腹側に配される腹側部B、それらの間に位置し股間部に配される股下部Cを有しており、背側部Aと腹側部Bの両側縁部6a,6b同士が接合されて、一対のサイドシール部(図示せず)、一対のレッグ開口部(図示せず)及びウエスト開口部(図示せず)が形成される。また、外包材60は、おむつの外面を形成する外層シート62、その肌当接面側に位置して部分的に該外層シート62と接合された内層シート61を有しており、ウエスト開口部及びレッグ開口部を形成するウエスト部及びレッグ部6dにおける両シート61,62間に、ギャザー形成用のウエスト部弾性部材63及びレッグ部弾性部材64が配されている。
吸収性本体50の長手方向の両側部には、図9に示すように、液不透過性又は撥水性で且つ通気性の素材から構成された側方カフス55,55が設けられている。各側方カフス55の自由端部近傍には、側方カフス形成用の弾性部材56が伸長状態で配設固定されている。側方カフス55は、おむつの装着時に自由端部側が起立し、吸収性本体50の幅方向への排泄物の流出を阻止することができる。側方カフス55形成用シートは、図10に示すように、吸収性本体50の幅方向外方の所定幅の部分55aが、吸収体40の非肌当接面側に巻き込まれて、吸収体40と裏面シート80との間に固定されている。尚、所定幅の部分55aが、裏面シート30と外包材60との間に固定されていてもよい。
側方カフス形成用の弾性部材56、ウエスト部弾性部材63及びレッグ部弾性部材64としては、通常、使い捨ておむつ等の吸収性物品に用いられるもの等を、特に制限なく用いることができる。例えば、天然ゴム、ポリウレタン、ポリスチレン-ポリイソプレン共重合体、ポリスチレン-ポリブタジエン共重合体、アクリル酸エチル-エチレン等のポリエチレン-αオレフィン共重合体等からなる伸縮性の材料等を用いることができる。
長繊維が熱融着部により固定された繊維集合体を具備する不織布であって、
前記長繊維の一部が破断されて、一端部のみが前記熱融着部により固定され他端部側が自由端部となっている起毛繊維を備え、前記起毛繊維は、捲縮性を有しており、前記自由端部の高さが該起毛繊維中の最高位置での高さよりも低い低起毛繊維を含んでいる不織布。
前記低起毛繊維は、その前記自由端部が太くなっている起毛繊維を含んでいる前記<1>に記載の不織布。
<3>
前記起毛繊維は、前記低起毛繊維及び高起毛繊維を有している、前記<1>または<2>に記載の不織布。
<4>
前記不織布の破断強度の値が、5.00N/50mm以上であることが好ましく、8N/50mm以上,30N/50mm以下であることが更に好ましい前記<1>から<3>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<5>
前記不織布を製造する原料不織布の破断強度は、7N/50mm以上であることが好ましく、10N/50mm以上,50N/50mm以下であることが更に好ましい前記<1>~<4>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<6>
前記不織布と前記原料不織布の破断強度の比(不織布の破断強度/原料不織布の破断強度)は、0.5以上、好ましくは0.7以上であり、そして、1.0以下であり、また、0.5以上1.0以下であるか、0.7以上1.0以下である前記<5>に記載の不織布。
<7>
前記不織布の微小荷重時の圧縮特性値が、好ましくは0.98(cN/cm2)/mm以上であり、好ましくは17.6(cN/cm2)/mm以下であり、14.7(cN/cm2)/mm以下であることが好ましく、9.80(cN/cm2)/mm以下になることがさらに好ましい前記<1>~<6>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<8>
自由端部が太くなっている前記起毛繊維は、先端繊維径の増加割合の値が好ましくは、15%以上、より好ましくは20%以上、さらに好ましくは25%以上大きくなっている前記<2>に記載の不織布。
<9>
前記起毛繊維における、前記低起毛繊維の割合が20%以上である前記<1>~<8>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<10>
前記低起毛繊維における、自由端部が太くなっている繊維の割合が、35%以上であることが好ましく、40%以上であることが更に好ましく、50%以上であることが特に好ましい前記<2>に記載の不織布。
前記不織布は、前記熱融着部同士の間でループ状に起立するループ状の繊維を有し、
前記不織布を構成する繊維のうち、一端部のみが熱融着部により固定されている起毛繊維及び前記ループ状の繊維の総数における、該ループ状の繊維の割合が、50%より少ないことが好ましく、45%以下であることが更に好ましく、40%以下であることが特に好ましい前記<1>~<10>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<12>
前記繊維集合体の起毛している繊維以外の前記長繊維が、捲縮性を有している前記<1>~<11>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<13>
前記不織布を構成する繊維の全てが捲縮性を有している前記<1>~<12>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<14>
前記起毛繊維の捲縮率は、80%以下である前記<1>~<13>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<15>
前記捲縮率は、好ましくは80%以下、より好ましくは70%以下、そして、好ましくは20%以上、より好ましくは30%以上であり、より具体的には、20%以上80%以下である前記<14>に記載の不織布。
<16>
前記起毛繊維の捲縮数は、15個/25mm以上、好ましくは20個/25mm以上、そして、50個/25mm以下、好ましくは40個/25mm以下である前記<1>~<15>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<17>
捲縮性を有する前記起毛繊維は、潜在捲縮繊維である前記<1>~<16>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<18>
前記不織布は、前記起毛繊維が、8本/cm以上であることが好ましく、12本/cm以上であることが更に好ましく、100本/cm以下、より好ましくは40本/cm以下である前記<1>~<17>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<19>
前記起毛繊維は、その高さが1.5mm以下であることが好ましく、0.8mm以下であることが更に好ましく、0.2mm以上であることが好ましい前記<1>~<18>の何れか1に記載の不織布。
<20>
周面に凸部を有する凸ローラを用いて、前記繊維集合体の前記長繊維の一部を破断し、前記起毛繊維を形成する起毛加工工程を有し、前記凸ローラがサンドブラストローラである、前記<1>~<19>のいずれか1に記載の不織布。
前記<1>~<19>の何れか1に記載の不織布の製造方法であって、
周面に凸部を有する凸ローラを用いて、前記繊維集合体の前記長繊維の一部を破断し、前記起毛繊維を形成する起毛加工工程を有する不織布の製造方法。
<22>
前記凸ローラがサンドブラストローラであり、凸部の密度は、1000個/cm2以上3000個/cm2以下であることが好ましく、1200個/cm2以上2500個/cm2以下であることが更に好ましい、前記<21>に記載の不織布の製造方法。
原料不織布の複数箇所それぞれに部分延伸加工を施す部分延伸加工工程を有する前記<21>または<22>に記載の不織布の製造方法。
<24>
前記部分延伸加工工程は、一方のローラが周面に複数個の凸部を有し、他方のローラが、周面に一方のローラの凸部に対応する位置に凸部が入り込む凹部を有し、一対の凹凸ローラは、それぞれの周面に、凸部及び凹部が何れも千鳥状に配置されている、一対のローラからなるスチールマッチングエンボスローラを用いて行う、前記<23>に記載の不織布の製造方法。
<25>
前記部分延伸加工工程は、前記スチールマッチングエンボスローラの一対のローラを、原料不織布を構成する繊維の成分のうち最も低い融点を示す成分の融点以下の温度で、特に、該融点よりさらに70℃以上低い温度でスチールマッチエンボス加工する、前記<24>に記載の不織布の製造方法。
<26>
前記原料不織布を構成する繊維の融点未満の温度で熱処理を行う熱処理工程を有する前記<21>~<25>の何れか1に記載の不織布の製造方法。
<27>
前記部分延伸加工工程にて、原料不織布の複数箇所それぞれに部分延伸加工を施した後、前記起毛加工工程にて、周面に凸部を有する凸ローラを用いて、部分延伸加工の施された前記繊維集合体の前記長繊維の一部を破断して前記起毛繊維を形成し、その後、前記熱処理工程にて、前記起毛繊維を熱処理する前記<26>に記載の不織布の製造方法。
<28>
前記<1>~<20>の何れか1に記載の不織布を、着用者の肌当接面に用いる吸収性物品の表面シート。
<29>
前記<1>~<20>の何れか1に記載の不織布を構成部材として用いた吸収性物品。
<30>
前記<1>~<20>の何れか1に記載の不織布を構成部材として用いた使い捨ておむつ。
原料不織布として、熱収縮させ捲縮した状態の捲縮繊維からなる不織布を使用した。実際には、繊維径13.7μmのエチレン-プロピレンランダム共重合体とポリプロピレンの成分からなる偏心芯鞘型の潜在捲縮繊維を捲縮させた坪量17g/m2のスパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布)を使用した。次に、このスパンボンド不織布を、図7に示すスチールマッチングエンボスローラ43に通し、図8に示す凸ローラ51により表面加工し、二段階処理して実施例1の不織布を作製した。用いたスチールマッチングエンボスローラ43のローラ41における各凸部411は、その高さが5.0mmであり、ローラ41の各凸部411とローラ42の各凹部422との噛み合いの深さは、4.0mmであった。また、回転軸方向に隣り合う凸部411同士の距離(ピッチ)は、7mmであり、周方向に隣り合う凸部411同士の距離(ピッチ)は、7mmであった。スチールマッチングエンボスローラ43のローラ42における各凸部421も同じである。また、用いた凸ロール51の凸部の高さは、最大0.07mmであり、突起の密度が約2000個/cm2のサンドブラストされたマットロール(サンドブラストローラ)を用いた。凸ローラ51は、不織布の搬送方向に対して、逆方向に4倍の速度で回転させた。抱き角は60度であった。それぞれの搬送速度は20m/分であった。
原料不織布として、熱収縮させ捲縮した状態の捲縮繊維からなる不織布を使用した。実際には、実施例1と同様に、繊維径13.7μmのエチレン-プロピレンランダム共重合体とポリプロピレンの成分からなる偏心芯鞘型の潜在捲縮繊維を捲縮させた坪量17g/m2のスパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布)を使用した。次に、このスパンボンド不織布を、図8に示す凸ローラ51のみにより表面加工し、実施例2の不織布を作製した。用いた凸ローラ51の凸部の高さは、最大0.07mmであり、突起の密度が約2000個/cm2のサンドブラストされたマットロールを用いた。不織布の搬送方向に対して、逆方向に30倍の速度で回転させた。抱き角は60度であった。搬送速度は20m/分であった。
原料不織布として、熱収縮させ捲縮した状態の捲縮繊維からなる不織布を使用した。実際には、実施例1と同様に、繊維径13.7μmのエチレン-プロピレンランダム共重合体とポリプロピレンの成分からなる偏心芯鞘型の潜在捲縮繊維を捲縮させた坪量17g/m2のスパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布)を使用した。次に、このスパンボンド不織布を、図8に示す凸ローラ51のみにより表面加工し、その後熱処理を行うことにより実施例3の不織布を作製した。用いた凸ローラ51の凸部の高さは、最大0.07mmであり、突起の密度が約2000個/cm2のサンドブラストされたマットロールを用いた。用いた凸ローラ51は、不織布の搬送方向に対して、逆方向に30倍の速度で回転させた。抱き角は60度、搬送速度は20m/分であった。その後、120℃の温度で1分間熱処理を行った。
実施例1に用いた、繊維径13.7μmのエチレン-プロピレンランダム共重合体とポリプロピレンの成分からなる偏心芯鞘型の潜在捲縮繊維を捲縮させた坪量17g/m2のスパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布をそのまま使用した不織布を比較例1の不織布とした。比較例1の不織布は、特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
原料不織布として、捲縮繊維ではない繊維からなる不織布を使用した。実際には、繊維径14.6μmのポリプロピレン樹脂からなる坪量17g/m2のスパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布を使用した。次に、このスパンボンド不織布を、実施例1と同様の条件で二段階処理して比較例2の不織布を作製した。
実施例1、比較例1~2の不織布について、下記方法に従って、起毛している繊維の本数、自由端部が項垂れている低起毛繊維の割合、肌触り性、吸収性、外観の毛羽立ち性をそれぞれ評価した。評価環境は室温20℃、湿度60%RHであった。それらの結果を下記表1に示す。
上述した起毛している繊維の測定法に基づいて、実施例1、比較例1~2の不織布における起毛している繊維の本数を及び起毛している繊維の高さを測定した。尚、上述したように、この測定法により測定される「起毛している繊維」とは、起毛繊維20(低起毛繊維21(第1低起毛繊維211及び第2低起毛繊維212)及び高起毛繊維22(第1高起毛繊維221及び第2高起毛繊維222)、並びにループ状に起立するループ状の繊維23)を意味する。
上述した繊維径の測定法に基づき、実施例1~3、比較例1~2の不織布において、ランダムに10本選んだ自由端部を有する起毛繊維20をおよそ50倍に拡大したSEM画像から、先端位置の関係を観察し、低起毛繊維又は高起毛繊維に分類した。そして、自由端部を有する起毛繊維20(低起毛繊維21(自由端部20bが太くなっている第1低起毛繊維211及び自由端部20bが太くなっていない第2低起毛繊維212)並びに高起毛繊維22(自由端部20bが太くなっている第1高起毛繊維221及び自由端部20bが太くなっていない第2高起毛繊維222)における、低起毛繊維21(第1低起毛繊維211及び第2低起毛繊維212)の割合を算出した。また、低起毛繊維21(太くなっている第1低起毛繊維211及び太くなっていない第2低起毛繊維212)における自由端部が太くなっている第1低起毛繊維211の割合を算出し、表1に示した。
実施例1~3、比較例1~2の不織布について、専門パネラー10人による、比較例1の不織布を基準(5点)としたときの10段階の(10点に近づく程より良い肌触り)不織布表面の肌触り(なめらかさ)の官能評価を行い、各不織布について3枚の平均値を、整数桁に四捨五入して求めた。
市販のベビー用おむつ(花王株式会社2012年製のメリーズパンツLサイズ)から表面シートを剥がし、代わりに実施例1~3、比較例1~2の不織布を表面シートに用いて吸収性能を測定した。おむつは胴回りギャザー及びレッグギャザーを取り除き、展開状態で表面材を上にして水平に固定した。表面シートの上に円筒状の注入部の付いたアクリル板をのせ、更にアクリル板上に錘のせ、2kPaの荷重を加えた。アクリル板に設けられた注入口は内径36mmの円筒(高さ53mm)状をなし、アクリル板には長手方向の1/3の部分、幅方向の中心軸に、該円筒状注入部の中心軸線が一致し、該円筒状注入部の内部とアクリル板の表面シート対向面との間を連通する内径36mmの貫通孔が形成されている。おむつの吸収性コアを覆っている被覆シートの長手方向腹側部分の先端から125mmの位置にアクリルの円筒状注入部の中心軸がくるように配置し、生理食塩水160g注入した。160gの全量がおむつに吸収されるまでの時間を計測し、各不織布について3枚の平均値を、整数桁に四捨五入して求めた。吸収時間が85秒以内の場合にA、吸収時間が85秒より長く~100秒より短い場合にB、そして吸収時間が100秒以上の場合にCとして表1に示した。
実施例1~3、比較例1~2の不織布について、専門パネラー10人による、比較例1を基準(3点)としたときの3段階の(1点に近づく程、毛羽立ちが気になり多く外観が悪い)官能評価を行い、各不織布について3枚の平均値を、整数桁に四捨五入して求め表1に示した。
実施例1~3、比較例1~2で得られた不織布について、上述した微小荷重時の圧縮特性値の測定法により、不織布における微小荷重時の圧縮特性の値を求め、求められた圧縮特性の値が18.0(gf/cm2)/mm以下の場合にAとし、18.0(gf/cm2)/mmより大きい場合にBとして表1に示した。微小荷重時の圧縮特性値はふっくら感を示す指標であり、値が小さい程ふっくら感が高く、10.0(gf/cm2)/mm以下で肌触りの良いエアスルー不織布に近いふっくら感を得ることができる。
実施例1~3、比較例1~2で得られた不織布について、上述したバルクソフトネスの測定法により、不織布におけるCD方向のバルクソフトネス値を求め、求められたバルクソフトネスの値が3.0cN以下の場合にAとし、3.0cNより大きく5.0cN以下の場合をBとし、5.0cNより大きい場合をCとして表1に示した。
Claims (30)
- 長繊維が熱融着部により固定された繊維集合体を具備する不織布であって、
前記長繊維の一部が破断されて、一端部のみが前記熱融着部により固定され他端部側が自由端部となっている起毛繊維を備え、前記起毛繊維は、捲縮性を有しており、前記自由端部の高さが該起毛繊維中の最高位置での高さよりも低い低起毛繊維を含んでいる不織布。 - 前記低起毛繊維は、その前記自由端部が太くなっている起毛繊維を含んでいる請求項1に記載の不織布。
- 前記起毛繊維は、前記低起毛繊維及び高起毛繊維を有している、請求項1又は2に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布の破断強度の値が、5.00N/50mm以上、又は8N/50mm以上,30N/50mm以下である請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布を製造する原料不織布の破断強度は、7N/50mm以上、又は10N/50mm以上、50N/50mm以下である請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布と前記原料不織布の破断強度の比(不織布の破断強度/原料不織布の破断強度)は、0.5以上、又は0.7以上であり、そして、1.0以下であり、また、0.5以上1.0以下であるか、0.7以上1.0以下である請求項5に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布の微小荷重時の圧縮特性値が、0.98(cN/cm2)/mm以上であり、そして、17.6(cN/cm2)/mm以下、14.7(cN/cm2)/mm以下、又は9.80(cN/cm2)/mm以下である請求項1~6の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 自由端部が太くなっている前記起毛繊維は、先端繊維径の増加割合の値が、15%以上、20%以上、又は25%以上大きくなっている請求項2に記載の不織布。
- 前記起毛繊維における、前記低起毛繊維の割合が20%以上である請求項1~8の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記低起毛繊維における、自由端部が太くなっている繊維の割合が、35%以上、40%以上、又は50%以上である請求項2に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布は、前記熱融着部同士の間でループ状に起立するループ状の繊維を有し、
前記不織布を構成する繊維のうち、一端部のみが熱融着部により固定されている起毛繊維及び前記ループ状の繊維の総数における、該ループ状の繊維の割合が、50%より少ない、45%以下、又は40%以下である請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の不織布。 - 前記繊維集合体の起毛している繊維以外の前記長繊維が、捲縮性を有している請求項1~11の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布を構成する繊維の全てが捲縮性を有している請求項1~12の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記起毛繊維の捲縮率は、80%以下である請求項1~13の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記捲縮率は、80%以下、又は70%以下、そして、20%以上、又は30%以上であり、また、20%以上80%以下である請求項14に記載の不織布。
- 前記起毛繊維の捲縮数は、15個/25mm以上、又は20個/25mm以上、そして、50個/25mm以下、又は40個/25mm以下である請求項1~15の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 捲縮性を有する前記起毛繊維は、潜在捲縮繊維である請求項1~16の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布は、前記起毛繊維が、8本/cm以上、又は12本/cm以上であり、そして、100本/cm以下、又は40本/cm以下である請求項1~17の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記起毛繊維は、その高さが1.5mm以下、又は0.8mm以下であり、そして、0.2mm以上である請求項1~18の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 周面に凸部を有する凸ローラを用いて、前記繊維集合体の前記長繊維の一部を破断し、前記起毛繊維を形成する起毛加工工程を有し、前記凸ローラがサンドブラストローラである、請求項1~19の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 請求項1~19の何れか1項に記載の不織布の製造方法であって、
周面に凸部を有する凸ローラを用いて、前記繊維集合体の前記長繊維の一部を破断し、前記起毛繊維を形成する起毛加工工程を有する不織布の製造方法。 - 前記凸ローラがサンドブラストローラであり、凸部の密度は、1000個/cm2以上3000個/cm2以下であるか、又は、1200個/cm2以上2500個/cm2以下である請求項21に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 原料不織布の複数箇所それぞれに部分延伸加工を施す部分延伸加工工程を有する請求項21又は22に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記部分延伸加工工程は、一方のローラが周面に複数個の凸部を有し、他方のローラが、周面に一方のローラの凸部に対応する位置に凸部が入り込む凹部を有し、一対の凹凸ローラは、それぞれの周面に、凸部及び凹部が何れも千鳥状に配置されている、一対のローラからなるスチールマッチングエンボスローラを用いて行う、請求項23に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記部分延伸加工工程は、前記スチールマッチングエンボスローラの一対のローラを、原料不織布を構成する繊維の成分のうち最も低い融点を示す成分の融点以下の温度で、特に、該融点よりさらに70℃以上低い温度でスチールマッチエンボス加工する、請求項24に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記原料不織布を構成する繊維の融点未満の温度で熱処理を行う熱処理工程を有する請求項21~25の何れか1項に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記部分延伸加工工程にて、原料不織布の複数箇所それぞれに部分延伸加工を施した後、前記起毛加工工程にて、周面に凸部を有する凸ローラを用いて、部分延伸加工の施された前記繊維集合体の前記長繊維の一部を破断して前記起毛繊維を形成し、その後、前記熱処理工程にて、前記起毛繊維を熱処理する請求項26に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 請求項1~20の何れか1項に記載の不織布を、着用者の肌当接面に用いる吸収性物品の表面シート。
- 請求項1~20の何れか1項に記載の不織布を構成部材として用いた吸収性物品。
- 請求項1~20の何れか1項に記載の不織布を構成部材として用いた使い捨ておむつ。
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