WO2012042972A1 - 不織布及び不織布の製造方法 - Google Patents
不織布及び不織布の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012042972A1 WO2012042972A1 PCT/JP2011/062083 JP2011062083W WO2012042972A1 WO 2012042972 A1 WO2012042972 A1 WO 2012042972A1 JP 2011062083 W JP2011062083 W JP 2011062083W WO 2012042972 A1 WO2012042972 A1 WO 2012042972A1
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- nonwoven fabric
- fibers
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- roll
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
- D04H11/08—Non-woven pile fabrics formed by creation of a pile on at least one surface of a non-woven fabric without addition of pile-forming material, e.g. by needling, by differential shrinking
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
- D04H1/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres and hardened by felting; Felts or felted products
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
- D06C3/06—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics by rotary disc, roller, or like apparatus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric composed of long fibers.
- spunbonded nonwoven fabrics are frequently used because they are high in breaking strength, excellent in processing suitability, and economical.
- the spunbonded nonwoven fabric has a lack of plumpness due to its manufacturing method, and it has been difficult to improve the touch (texture).
- Patent Document 1 describes a nonwoven fabric in which short fibers are laminated on a spunbond nonwoven fabric as a base material, and the laminate is subjected to needle punch processing, and an arc-shaped fiber loop is raised from the surface.
- the nonwoven fabric with the arc-shaped fiber loops described in Patent Document 1 is used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers, the arc-shaped fiber loops are caught on the skin, and the feeling of use is reduced. Further, Patent Document 1 does not describe anything about the tip shape of the constituent fibers.
- Patent Document 2 a stretched continuous long fiber nonwoven fabric is peeled and separated at the middle in the thickness direction, and is stretched into a fiber peeled from a fiber bonded portion or a loop shape on one side.
- An upright-like non-woven fabric in which fibers are mixed is described.
- the standing-like non-woven fabric described in Patent Document 2 is also considered to contain a lot of fibers stretched in a loop shape in the manufacturing method, when used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers, the loop-shaped fiber is It will get caught on the skin and reduce the feeling of use.
- Patent Document 2 does not describe anything about the tip shape of the constituent fibers.
- Patent Document 3 describes a flocked sheet in which short fibers are formed of an adhesive.
- the tip of the flocked sheet is not thick and the cut surface of the fiber is exposed, the tip may be angular and may be inferior to the touch.
- another fiber is made to adhere to the nonwoven fabric using an adhesive, there is a risk of adversely affecting the skin or irritating the skin with a chemical such as an adhesive used.
- there are problems such as peeling of the flocked fibers during use and exposure of the adhesive surface.
- a technique for raising the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric for example, a method of processing the nonwoven fabric using a needle punch or sandpaper, or a method of flocking the nonwoven fabric by a flocking technique can be considered.
- Patent Document 4 After forming a fragile portion in a constituent fiber by applying a mechanical force by contact processing to a nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven fabric in which the fragile portion is formed is passed through a roller coated with sandpaper, and then further A method for producing a nonwoven fabric in which constituent fibers are raised by a raising machine is described.
- Patent Document 5 describes a method for treating a napped sheet, in which a napped sheet is rubbed and then rubbed with sandpaper.
- Patent Document 6 describes a method for producing a nonwoven fabric in which a web is contracted and then the contracted web is processed using a needle punch.
- Patent Document 7 describes a method of producing a nonwoven sheet by simply stretching the constituent fibers of the nonwoven sheet until it breaks.
- Nonwoven fabrics and the like manufactured by the manufacturing methods of Patent Documents 4 to 7 described above certainly have a soft touch (texture).
- both the method for producing a raised nonwoven fabric described in Patent Document 4 and the method for treating a raised sheet described in Patent Document 5 use sandpaper to process the nonwoven fabric. It is difficult to reduce the decrease in the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric obtained by causing damage. Moreover, since the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric of patent document 6 processes using a needle punch, manufacturing speed is slow and it is difficult to hold down cost. Moreover, since the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric sheet of patent document 7 is raising only by the extending
- the present invention relates to providing a non-woven fabric having an overall feeling of fluff and improved touch despite high break strength.
- the present invention also relates to providing a non-woven fabric that has few loop-like fibers, is hardly caught on the skin, and has an improved feel.
- the present invention is a nonwoven fabric in which a web made of long fibers is fixed by a heat fusion part.
- the non-woven fabric includes a fiber in which a part of the long fiber is broken, only one end is fixed by the heat fusion part, and the free end on the other end side is thick.
- the present invention relates to providing a method for producing a nonwoven fabric in which a nonwoven fabric having a raised texture of constituent fibers is obtained and a reduction in the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric obtained is reduced. Moreover, this invention relates to providing the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric which can obtain the nonwoven fabric which raised the constituent fiber, and whose manufacturing speed is quick and can suppress cost.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a nonwoven fabric in which a plurality of portions of the nonwoven fabric are partially stretched at a temperature of 50 ° C. or less, and the nonwoven fabric subjected to the partial stretching processing is subjected to raising to raise the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric. To do.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a fiber having a thick free end portion of the nonwoven fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a suitable apparatus for producing the nonwoven fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a suitable apparatus for producing the nonwoven fabric shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a method of measuring the tip fiber diameter of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a method for measuring the number of fibers raised in the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an example of a usage pattern of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention, and is a developed plan view showing a state in which a pants-type disposable diaper is developed and extended.
- 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a preferred processing apparatus used in the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a partially stretched portion of the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 9 viewed from an oblique direction.
- 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the partially stretched portion shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the raised portion of the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 9 viewed from an oblique direction.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a method for measuring the number of constituent fibers raised of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of the present embodiment is a nonwoven fabric in which a web composed of long fibers 2 is intermittently fixed by a heat-sealing portion 3, and a part of the long fibers 2 is broken and one end Only the portion 20a is fixed by the heat-sealing portion 3, and the free end portion 20b on the other end side is provided with a thick fiber 21.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 will be described below with the longitudinal direction of the nonwoven fabric 1 as the Y direction and the width direction of the nonwoven fabric 1 as the X direction, as shown in FIG.
- the MD direction along the fiber orientation direction is determined as the longitudinal direction (Y direction) and the CD direction perpendicular to the MD direction along the fiber orientation direction is determined as the width direction (X direction). Therefore, in the following description, the longitudinal direction (Y direction) and the MD direction mean the same direction, and the width direction (X direction) and the CD direction mean the same direction.
- the non-woven fabric 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.
- the non-woven fabric 1 is a spunbonded non-woven fabric in which a web composed of long fibers 2 is intermittently crimped or fused to each other by a heat-sealing portion 3 and fixed. Originally formed. Hereinafter, this is referred to as the original spunbond nonwoven fabric. Since some of the long fibers are broken, the nonwoven fabric 1 has a plump feeling even in the case of a thinner thickness than a normal spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
- the “long fibers” are fibers having a fiber length of 30 mm or more, and so-called continuous long fibers having a fiber length of 150 mm or more are preferable in that a nonwoven fabric having high breaking strength can be obtained.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is inexpensive and can provide a good feel, and the basis weight is preferably 5 to 100 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of processing suitability, and preferably 5 to 25 g / m 2. Is more preferable.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 has a breaking strength value of preferably 5.00 N / 50 mm or more, and more preferably 8 to 30 N / 50 mm, from the viewpoint of preventing breakage during use and processing suitability.
- the value of the breaking strength of the original spunbonded nonwoven fabric is preferably 7 N / 50 mm or more, more preferably 10 to 50 N / 50 mm, from the viewpoint of achieving the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric 1.
- the value of the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric 1 produced by the raising method described later can be obtained with less decrease from the value of the breaking strength of the original spunbonded nonwoven fabric compared to other raising methods.
- the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric 1 and the original spunbonded nonwoven fabric satisfy the above range in the X direction (CD direction).
- the ratio of the breaking strength between the nonwoven fabric 1 and the original nonwoven fabric is preferably 0.5 to 1.0, and preferably 0.7 to 1.0. Is more preferable.
- the breaking strength is measured by the following method.
- a rectangular measuring piece having a size of 200 mm in the X direction (width direction) and 50 mm in the Y direction (longitudinal direction) is cut out from the nonwoven fabric 1 or the original spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
- the cut out rectangular measurement piece is used as a measurement sample.
- the measurement sample is attached to a chuck of a tensile tester (for example, Tensilon tensile tester “RTA-100” manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.) so that the X direction is the tensile direction.
- the distance between chucks is 150 mm.
- the measurement sample is pulled at 300 mm / min, and the maximum load point until the sample breaks is defined as the breaking strength in the X direction. Further, a rectangular measurement piece having a size of 200 mm in the Y direction and 50 mm in the X direction is cut out and used as a measurement sample. This measurement sample is attached to the chuck of a tensile tester so that the Y direction is the tensile direction. The breaking strength in the Y direction is obtained by the same procedure as the method for measuring the breaking strength in the X direction described above.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of this embodiment is also characterized by having a good touch.
- characteristic values representing the touch are known, and in particular, the characteristic values in KES manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd. are generally known (reference: standardization and analysis of texture evaluation (second edition), Author Kiyoko Kawabata, published July 10, 1980).
- LC linearity of compression load-compression strain curve
- WC compression work
- RC compression resilience
- a very thin fabric such as a non-woven fabric having a small basis weight (5 to 25 g / m 2 ) did not show a large difference, and the correlation with the touch was not large.
- a new characteristic value was found from the load between 0.3 gf / cm 2 and 1 gf / cm 2 and the amount of deformation at that time.
- This characteristic value is shown as a numerical value that clearly represents the difference in feel between the spunbond nonwoven fabric and the air-through nonwoven fabric, and the nonwoven fabric can be expressed as a new characteristic value that represents the feel of the spunbond nonwoven fabric.
- the compression characteristic value at the time of a minute load is defined as a new characteristic value representing the touch.
- the measurement was performed in an environment of 22 ° C. and 65% RH.
- KES FB3-AUTO-A (trade name) manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd. was used for the measurement of the data used as the basis for calculating the compression characteristic value under a minute load.
- Three pieces of nonwoven fabric 1 are cut into 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm to prepare measurement samples. Next, one of the measurement samples is placed on the test stand with the raised surface facing upward (if not raised, or if both surfaces are raised, measure both and adopt the smaller one).
- compression is performed between steel plates having a circular plane with an area of 2 cm 2 .
- the compression speed is 20 ⁇ m / sec
- the maximum compression load is 10 gf / cm 2
- the recovery process is also measured at the same speed.
- the displacement amount between the steel plates is set to x (mm)
- the load is set to y (gf / cm 2 )
- the value of x increases as it is compressed.
- the compression characteristic value at the minute load is calculated by extracting the deformation amount of the thickness at the minute load from the measured data (x, y). Specifically, the first load which is not a recovery process, the load between 0.30 gf / cm 2 and 1.00 gf / cm 2 and the deformation data at that time are extracted, and the relationship between x and y is approximated A straight line is obtained by the least square method, and the slope at that time is defined as the characteristic value (unit (gf / cm 2 ) / mm). Three points are measured with one measurement sample. A total of 9 points of 3 samples are measured. The characteristic values at each of the nine locations are calculated, and the average value is set as the compression characteristic value when the nonwoven fabric is subjected to a minute load.
- the compression characteristic value at the time of a minute load has a correlation with the touch, and particularly has a strong correlation when the original nonwoven fabric is the same.
- the compression characteristic value of an original spunbonded nonwoven fabric having a normal basis weight of 5 to 25 g / m 2 that has not been processed as described below is 20.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm to 30.0 (gf / Cm 2 ) / mm
- the non-woven fabric 1 obtained by subjecting the spunbonded nonwoven fabric to processing described later tends to be crushed and becomes 18.0 gf / cm 2 ) / mm or less. That is, from the viewpoint of touch, the above-mentioned compression characteristic value of the nonwoven fabric 1 obtained by processing the original spunbond nonwoven fabric of 5 to 25 g / m 2 is 18.0 (gf / cm 2 ) / mm or less, and 15.
- the lower limit of the compression characteristic value of the nonwoven fabric 1 obtained by processing the original spunbond nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 5 to 25 g / m 2 is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of production, 1.00 (gf / cm 2 ) / Mm.
- the original spunbonded nonwoven fabric having a low basis weight of 5 to 25 g / m 2 is processed so as to have such a characteristic value without significantly reducing the breaking strength. It was difficult.
- the long fibers 2 constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 mainly contain a thermoplastic resin
- the thermoplastic resins include polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, acrylonitrile resins, vinyls. Resin, vinylidene resin and the like.
- the polyolefin resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybuden.
- the polyester resin include polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. Nylon etc. are mentioned as a polyamide-type resin.
- the vinyl resin include polyvinyl chloride.
- the vinylidene resin include polyvinylidene chloride.
- a composite fiber can also be used as the long fiber constituting the nonwoven fabric 1.
- Side-by-side fibers, core-sheath fibers, core-sheath fibers having eccentric crimps, split fibers, and the like can be used as the composite fibers.
- a composite fiber it is preferable to use a core-sheath fiber whose core is made of polypropylene and whose sheath is made of polyethylene in that a soft brushed nonwoven fabric can be obtained.
- the long fiber 2 may be a fiber provided with a small amount of additives such as a fiber colorant, an antistatic property agent, a lubricant, and a hydrophilic agent.
- the fiber diameter of the long fiber 2 is preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m, before processing described later.
- the original spunbond nonwoven fabric that forms the nonwoven fabric 1 is preferably formed from a polypropylene resin, which is a polyolefin resin, from the viewpoint of spinnability.
- a polypropylene resin As the polypropylene resin, 5 to 100% by weight, more preferably 25% by weight or more of any one of a random copolymer, a homopolymer and a block copolymer from the viewpoint of smoothness and further improvement in touch and ease of breaking. A resin containing 80% by weight is preferred. Further, these copolymers and homopolymers may be mixed, or other resins may be mixed. However, it is difficult to break the yarn during molding, and mixing of polypropylene homopolymer and random copolymer is preferable.
- the raised fiber itself becomes soft and soft to the touch by reducing the crystallinity of the fiber, and it is possible to achieve both the strength of the nonwoven fabric and the raised fiber is easily cut at the fusion part such as embossing. Peeling at joints such as dots is eliminated, napped fibers are shortened, hairballs are difficult to form, and a good appearance is obtained. In addition, since the melting point distribution is widened, the sealing property is improved. Further, a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing ethylene or ⁇ -olefin as a random copolymer based on a propylene component is preferable, and an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin is particularly preferable.
- the polypropylene resin is preferably a resin containing 5% by weight or more of an ethylene propylene copolymer resin, and more preferably a resin containing 25% by weight or more.
- the ethylene-propylene copolymer resin preferably contains an ethylene concentration of 1 to 20% by weight, and particularly has no stickiness, is easy to stretch when stretched, has little fluff loss, and maintains the breaking strength. More preferably, the ethylene concentration is 3 to 8%.
- the polypropylene resin is preferably a resin containing 25% by weight or more of recycled polypropylene resin, and more preferably a resin containing 50% by weight or more from the viewpoint of the environment. The same applies when the nonwoven fabric 1 is formed based on a laminated nonwoven fabric of a spunbond layer and a meltblown layer.
- the area of each heat-sealed portion 3 is preferably 0.05 to 10 mm 2 and preferably 0.1 to 1 mm 2 from the viewpoint of touch and processing suitability. Further preferred.
- the number of heat-sealing parts 3 is preferably 10 to 250 / cm 2 , more preferably 35 to 65 / cm 2 .
- the distance between the centers of the heat fusion parts 3 adjacent in the X direction is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm, more preferably 1 to 3 mm, and the heat fusion parts 3 adjacent to each other in the Y direction. The distance between the centers is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm, more preferably 1 to 3 mm.
- the heat fusion part 3 was intermittently formed by thermocompression bonding using embossing (with embossed convex rolls and flat rolls, etc.), ultrasonic fusion, intermittent hot air was applied, and partial fusion was performed. Things. Among these, the thermocompression bonding is preferable in that the fiber is easily broken.
- fusion part 3 is not restrict
- the ratio of the total area of the heat fusion part 3 to the surface area of one surface of the nonwoven fabric 1 is preferably 5 to 30%, and more preferably 10 to 20%, from the viewpoint that it is difficult to produce pills.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of this embodiment is formed based on a spunbond nonwoven fabric composed of long fibers 2, a part of the long fibers 2 is broken, and only one end portion 20 a is fixed by the heat-sealing portion 3.
- a fiber 20 is formed, and the fiber 20 includes a fiber 21 having a thick free end 20b. It is preferable that the tip is thick, and that the cross section at the tip is flat (ellipse or crushed shape). Thereby, the raised fiber of a soft tip is obtained and the nonwoven fabric with little irritation
- the fiber 20 in which only one end portion 20a is fixed by the heat-sealing portion 3 has a thick fiber 21 and free end portion 20b in which the free end portion 20b on the other end side is thick. It consists of fibers 22 that are not.
- the “free end portion” means the “other end portion” of the fiber 20 in which only one end portion 20 a is fixed by the heat fusion portion 3, in other words, the “tip portion”. Whether or not the free end portion 20b is thick is determined by measuring the fiber diameter by the following measurement method and calculating the increasing rate of the tip fiber diameter.
- the fiber diameter of the fiber 21 (the diameter 21b of the fiber 21 at the free end 20b) at the thickest position in the region is measured.
- the tip When the tip is flat, the tip may not appear thick depending on the observation angle, but even in that case, the obtained photograph is measured as it is.
- the fiber 21 having a thick free end 20b is the fiber 20 at the free end 20b measured from each of the 10 fibers 20 of the 10 fibers 20 selected at random.
- it is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 25% or more.
- Increase rate of tip fiber diameter (%) [(21b-21a) ⁇ 21a) ⁇ 100] (1)
- the fibers 20 in which only one end portion 20 a is fixed by the heat fusion portion 3 (the fibers 21 and the free end portions 20 b in which the free end portion 20 b is thicker)
- the ratio of the fibers 21 whose free end portions 20b are thick in the fibers 22) which are not thick is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and 40% or more. Particularly preferred.
- the ratio of the fibers 21 in which the free end portion 20b is thick is determined from the SEM image obtained by enlarging the randomly selected ten fibers 20 by about 750 times in the fiber diameter measurement method described above.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 contains the fiber cut
- the thermal fusion part 3 of the nonwoven fabric 1 is selected at random, and the peripheral part of the thermal fusion part 3 (the range within 100 ⁇ m from the boundary between the thermal fusion part 3 and the long fiber 2 to the outside and inside, total 10 mm 2 minutes) Observe with an electron microscope. This fiber is cut when the traces of the fiber cut (the shape in which the fiber in the embossed part is crushed and the part in which the fiber shape is not crushed and is not continuous) are counted.
- a nonwoven fabric having a high breaking strength is obtained for the amount of raising, which is preferably a nonwoven fabric cut at three or more points. Is preferably a nonwoven fabric cut at 5 to 15 locations.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 has loop-like fibers 23 that stand in a loop between the heat-sealing portions 3 and 3.
- the standing “loop-like fiber 23” means that when the fiber diameter measurement method described above is observed as shown in FIG. 5C, the other end portion does not have the free end portion 20b, and the folded line It means a fiber standing up from Z by 0.5 mm or more.
- the loop-like fiber 23 refers to the standing loop-like fiber.
- the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 of the present embodiment are composed of the fibers 21 whose free end portions 20b are thick and the fibers 22 whose free end portions 20b are not thick, and only one end portion 20a is fixed by the heat fusion portion 3.
- the fibers 20 have loop-like fibers 23 that stand in a loop shape between the heat-sealing portions 3 and 3. From the viewpoint that the nonwoven fabric 1 is not caught on the skin, the discomfort is reduced, and the touch of the nonwoven fabric 1 is improved.
- the ratio of the loop-like fibers 23 to the total number of the loop-like fibers 23 is preferably less than 50%, more preferably 45% or less, and particularly preferably 40% or less.
- the ratio of the loop-shaped fibers 23 is determined by selecting 10 fibers randomly from the SEM image enlarged approximately 50 times in the above-described fiber diameter measurement method, and only the one end 20a from the 10 fibers selected at random. Are extracted from the fiber 20 (the fiber 21 with the thick free end 20b and the fiber 22 with the free end 20b not thick), and the loop-like fiber 23, which are fixed by the heat-sealed part 3. 21, the ratio of the fibers 23 (looped fibers) in the total number of the fibers 22 and 23 is calculated. In addition, a measured value calculates
- the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is preferably as wide as possible. However, from the viewpoint of the touch, if it is 0.33 or more, a sufficiently satisfactory effect is obtained. If it is 35 or more, a more satisfactory effect can be obtained.
- the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 100 or less. More preferably, the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is 0.35 to 0.9.
- the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) here means the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) of all the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1, and only one end portion 20 a is fixed by the heat-sealing portion 3.
- the fiber 20, the loop-shaped fiber 23, and both ends thereof are fixed by the heat-sealing portion 3, and the entire distribution of fibers that are not raised in a loop shape (fibers that are not affected by processing described later).
- the fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) is measured by the following method.
- Fiber diameter measurement method Fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) measurement method
- a scanning type electronic device in which a measuring piece having a size of 2 cm in the X direction and 2 cm in the Y direction was cut out from the nonwoven fabric 1 to be measured and mounted with a carbon tape.
- the sample is placed on an aluminum sample stage for a microscope (SEM) without being bent and fixed.
- SEM microscope
- 10 fibers are randomly extracted from the SEM image magnified approximately 750 times, and each fiber diameter is measured at a portion excluding the free end 20b (note that the nonwoven fabric 1 to be measured is a spunbond layer).
- the fiber of the meltblown layer is not selected, and only the fiber of the spunbond layer is selected.
- Ten fiber diameters are measured on one aluminum sample stage as described above, the average value d ave is obtained from the measured ten fiber diameters d 1 to d 10 , and the obtained ten fiber diameters are obtained. From the d 1 to d 10 and the average value d ave , the fiber diameter distribution of 10 randomly selected fibers is obtained by the following equation (2).
- the measurement unit is ⁇ m, and measurement is performed with a resolution of 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the distribution of the fiber diameters of 10 fibers is made for the above-mentioned aluminum sample stage for each nonwoven fabric 1 and the average value of the distributions of the fiber diameters of the 10 fibers obtained at each position (the following formula) (Refer to (3)) is the fiber diameter distribution in the nonwoven fabric 1.
- the VARPA function in spreadsheet software excel2003 of Microsoft Corporation is used for calculation of the fiber diameter distribution of 10 fibers.
- Fiber diameter distribution of 10 fibers [(d 1 ⁇ d ave ) 2 + (d 2 ⁇ d ave ) 2 +... (D 10 ⁇ d ave ) 2 )] / 10
- Fiber diameter distribution (dispersion degree) in the nonwoven fabric 1 (total sum of fiber diameter distributions of 10 fibers obtained by the above formula (2)) / 6 (3)
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is preferably 8 fibers / cm or more, more preferably 12 fibers / cm or more, from the viewpoint of improving the touch. Further, from the viewpoint of obtaining sufficient breaking strength, the upper limit is preferably 100 / cm or less, more preferably 40 / cm or less from the viewpoint that the appearance is not fuzzy.
- the raised fiber is measured by the following measuring method.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a method for measuring the number of fibers raised among the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric 1 in an environment of 22 ° C. and 65% RH.
- a measurement piece of 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm is cut out from the nonwoven fabric to be measured with a sharp razor, and as shown in FIG. 6A, the measurement sample 104 is formed by mountain folding on the raised surface of the measurement piece.
- this measurement sample 104 is placed on an A4 size black mount, and as shown in FIG. 6 (b), an A4 size black mount in which holes 107 of 1 cm in length and 1 cm in width are further formed. Put on.
- FIG. 6 shows a measurement piece of 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm.
- the fold 105 of the measurement sample 104 is arranged so that it can be seen from the hole 107 of the upper black mount.
- “Kenran (black) continuous weight 265 g” of Fuji Kyowa Paper Co., Ltd. was used. Thereafter, a weight of 50 g is placed on each side of the upper mount hole 107 at a position spaced 5 cm outward along the fold line 105 so that the measurement sample 104 is completely folded.
- FIG. 6C the inside of the hole 107 of the mount is observed at a magnification of 30 times using a microscope (VHX-900 manufactured by KEYENCE), and the measurement sample 104 has a fold 105 to 0.
- the number of raised fibers for example, there is a fiber that crosses the virtual line 108 that is 0.2 mm above the fold 105 twice, such as a fiber 106a shown in FIG.
- the fiber counts as two.
- the number of raised fibers is six.
- the non-woven fabric 1 has a surface fiber (virtual line 108 that does not cross the imaginary line 108, the average fiber diameter of the raised fiber (fiber that crosses the imaginary line 108) is not raised on the same surface. It is preferable that the average fiber diameter is less than the average fiber diameter of the fibers not reaching 108.
- the average fiber diameter refers to a fiber diameter obtained by measuring the fiber diameters of 12 raised fibers and 12 non-raised fibers with a microscope (such as an optical microscope or SEM).
- the fiber diameter of the raised fiber is preferably 97% to 40% of the non-raised fiber, and more preferably 90% to 40%, since it is excellent in the touch.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is preferably less than 1.5 mm in the height of the raised fibers, from the viewpoint that it is difficult to become pills, hard to come off, and looks soft from the outside. More preferably, it is 8 mm or less. From the above viewpoint, the lower the better, the better. However, if it is 0.2 mm or more, a sufficiently satisfactory touch can be obtained. In addition to the above, it is more preferable that the height of the raised fiber is 1.5 mm or less and the raised fiber is 8 fibers / cm or more in order to satisfy the breaking strength. preferable.
- the height of the raised fibers is 0.5 mm or less and the number of raised fibers is 15 fibers / cm or more, because it is difficult to cling to the skin and the touch is preferable.
- the fiber height means the fiber height in a natural state without pulling the fiber during measurement. When the value of the length of the raised fiber is large or the rigidity of the fiber is high, the height of the raised fiber tends to increase. The height of the raised fiber is measured by the following measurement method.
- the height of the raised fibers is measured simultaneously when the number of raised fibers is measured. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6C, the inside of the hole 107 of the mount is observed, and a line is drawn in parallel from the crease 105 to the point where the raised fibers do not intersect every 0.05 mm. Next, compared to the number of raised fibers measured as described above (determined from the imaginary line 108 above 0.2 mm), select a parallel line that halves the fibers that intersect the parallel line, and from there The distance to the crease is the raised height. Three sheets are measured for the nonwoven fabric for measuring the above operation, and an average of nine places in three places and three pieces per piece is taken as the height of the raised fiber.
- the height of the raised fibers and the bulk softness of the nonwoven fabric 1 in addition to the raised fibers are 8.0 cN or less in terms of obtaining a flexible product and excellent touch. Further, 0.5 to 3.0 cN is preferable from the viewpoint of being supple like a baby or infant. Bulk softness is measured by the following measurement method.
- the bulk softness of the non-woven fabric 1 is obtained by cutting the non-woven fabric 1 150 mm in the MD direction and 30 mm in the CD direction in a 22 ° C. and 65% RH environment, and using a stapler to form a ring shape with a diameter of 45 mm at two upper and lower ends. stop. At this time, the stapler core is elongated in the MD direction. Using a tensile tester (for example, Tensilon tensile tester “RTA-100” manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.), the ring is placed in a cylindrical shape on the sample stage, and the compression speed is 10 mm on a flat plate substantially parallel to the stage from above.
- a tensile tester for example, Tensilon tensile tester “RTA-100” manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.
- a ring is produced by changing the MD direction and the CD direction, and the bulk softness in the MD direction is similarly measured. Two rings each in the MD direction and the CD direction are prepared and measured, and the average value of the CD direction and the MD direction is defined as the bulk sftness of the nonwoven fabric 1.
- the softening agent for example, a wax emulsion, a reactive softening agent, a silicone type, a surfactant or the like can be used.
- a silicone type for example, amino group-containing silicones, oxyalkylene group-containing silicones, and surfactants are preferably used.
- surfactants carboxylate anionic surfactants, sulfonate anionic surfactants, sulfate ester anionic surfactants, phosphate ester anionic surfactants (especially alkyl phosphates).
- Acid ester salts and the like; polyhydric alcohol monofatty acid esters such as sorbitan fatty acid ester, diethylene glycol monostearate, diethylene glycol monooleate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl monooleate, propylene glycol monostearate, N- (3-Oleyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl) diethanolamine, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyethylene sorbit beeswax, polyoxyethylene sorbitan sesquistearate, polyoxyethylene monooleate Such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan sesquistearate, polyoxyethylene glyceryl monooleate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, Nonionic surfactants: Cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts, amine salts or amines; aliphatic derivatives of secondary or ter
- medical agent can be added to the softening agent of this invention as a secondary additive (small component) as needed.
- the softening agent By including the softening agent, the touch is good, the fluff is less, the skin friction on the surface is low, the breaking strength is high, and the effect is particularly high in the present invention.
- the softening agent is preferably used in combination with the random copolymer described in paragraph [0021] from the viewpoint of further increasing its effect, and the softening agent can reduce the feeling of slime due to the random copolymer in the raised fiber. In particular, it is particularly preferable in that a smooth skin can be obtained.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is formed based on a laminated nonwoven fabric of a spunbond layer and a meltblown layer, which will be described later, and the spunbond layer of the laminated nonwoven fabric comprises a plurality of layers, for example, spunbond-meltblown-spun
- spunbond layer of the laminated nonwoven fabric comprises a plurality of layers, for example, spunbond-meltblown-spun
- the nonwoven fabric 1 is formed on the basis of a laminated nonwoven fabric of a spunbond layer and a meltblown layer rather than a spunbond nonwoven fabric, because it is easy to adjust the touch and breaking strength. Is preferred.
- Manufacturing apparatuses preferably used in the method for manufacturing the nonwoven fabric 1 are roughly classified into a pre-processing section 4 and a raised processing section 5 disposed on the downstream side of the pre-processing section 4.
- the pre-processed portion 4 includes a steel matching embossing roller 43 including a pair of rolls 41 and 42 each having a convex portion 410 and a concave portion 420 that mesh with each other.
- a steel matching embossing roller 43 including a pair of rolls 41 and 42 each having a convex portion 410 and a concave portion 420 that mesh with each other.
- a plurality of convex portions 410 provided on the peripheral surface of the roll 41 and a plurality of concave portions 420 provided on the peripheral surface of the roll 42 are engaged with each other.
- the plurality of convex portions 410 are arranged uniformly and regularly in the rotation axis direction and the circumferential direction of the roll 41, respectively.
- the pair of rolls 41 and 42 mesh with each other when the driving force from a driving means (not shown) is transmitted to one of the rotating shafts, and rotate.
- the pre-processing part 4 is equipped with the conveyance rolls 44 and 45 which convey the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 in the upstream and downstream of the steel matching embossing roller 43, as shown, for example in FIG.
- Each convex portion 410 of the roll 41 has a height from the peripheral surface of the roll 41 to the apex of the convex portion 410 of preferably 1 to 10 mm, and more preferably 2 to 7 mm.
- the distance (pitch) between the convex portions 410 adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction is preferably 0.01 to 20 mm, more preferably 1 to 10 mm, and the distance between the convex portions 410 adjacent in the circumferential direction ( The pitch) is preferably 0.01 to 20 mm, and more preferably 1 to 10 mm.
- each convex portion 410 of the roll 41 is not particularly limited, and for example, a circle, a polygon, an ellipse or the like is used, and the area of the top surface of each convex portion 410 is 0.01 to 500 mm 2 . Preferably, it is 0.1 to 10 mm 2 .
- Each concave portion 420 of the roll 42 is disposed at a position corresponding to each convex portion 410 of the roll 41.
- the depth of engagement between the convex portions 410 of the roll 41 and the concave portions 420 of the roll 42 (the length of the portion where the convex portions 410 and the concave portions 420 overlap) is 0.1 to 10 mm. It is preferably 1 to 5 mm.
- the raised processing unit 5 includes a convex roll 51 having a convex portion 510 provided on the peripheral surface, and a conveying roll 52 that conveys the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 to the upstream side and the downstream side of the convex roll 51, 53.
- the convex roll 51 rotates when a driving force from a driving means (not shown) is transmitted to its rotating shaft.
- Each convex portion 510 of the convex roll 51 has a height from the peripheral surface of the convex roll 51 to the apex of the convex portion 510 of preferably 0.001 to 3 mm, and preferably 0.001 to 0.1 mm. Further preferred.
- the distance (pitch) between the protrusions 510 adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction is preferably 0.1 to 50 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 3 mm, and the distance between the protrusions 510 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
- the distance (pitch) is preferably 0.1 to 50 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 3 mm.
- the shape of the top surface of each convex portion 510 of the convex roll 51 is not particularly limited.
- each convex portion 510 is 0.001 to 20 mm 2. It is preferable that the thickness is 0.01 to 1 mm 2 .
- belt-shaped spun bond nonwoven fabric (raw material nonwoven fabric 10) which is the raw material of the nonwoven fabric 1 is first wound from a roll (not shown). Then, the raw nonwoven fabric 10 is conveyed between the pair of rolls 41 and 42 of the steel matching embossing roller 43 by the conveying rolls 44 and 45. In the pre-processing part 4, as shown in FIG. 3, the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 is pinched between a pair of rolls 41 and 42, and the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 is damaged.
- the pair of rolls 41 and 42 of the steel matching embossing roller 43 does not actively heat or constitute the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 from the viewpoint of not causing heat fusion between the constituent fibers of the spunbond nonwoven fabric when giving damage.
- the steel match embossing is preferably performed at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the component exhibiting the lowest melting point among the components of the fibers to be processed, particularly at a temperature lower than the melting point by 70 ° C.
- the damaged raw material nonwoven fabric 10 ′ is transported by the transport rolls 52 and 53 to the convex roll 51 provided with the convex portions 510 on the peripheral surface.
- the surface of the damaged raw material nonwoven fabric 10 ′ is processed by the convex roll 51 to break a part of the long fibers 2 constituting the spunbond nonwoven fabric, and only one end portion 20 a is spunbonded.
- a non-woven fabric 1 having fibers 20 fixed by a non-woven heat-sealed portion 3 is formed (see FIG. 1). From the viewpoint of breaking a part of the long fiber 2 and efficiently forming the fiber 20 shown in FIG.
- the rotation direction of the convex roll 51 in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 ′.
- the convex roll 51 is preferably rotated at a speed of 0.3 to 10 times the conveying speed of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 ′.
- the speed of the convex roll 51 means the peripheral speed on the peripheral surface of the convex roll 51.
- the position of the transport roll 53 is set higher than the convex roll 51 as shown in FIG. Is preferably in contact with the contact surface of the convex roll 51 at a holding angle ⁇ of 10 to 180 °, and is preferably in contact with a holding angle ⁇ of 30 to 120 °. Since the width reduction by the neck-in of a nonwoven fabric is suppressed, it is still more preferable.
- the surface (back surface) different from the surface of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 'processed by the convex roll 51 Is further processed by another convex roll 51.
- the present inventor stretches the spunbond nonwoven fabric (raw material nonwoven fabric 10) by the steel matching embossing roller 43 and weakens the heat-bonded portion 3 of the spunbond nonwoven fabric (raw material nonwoven fabric 10). A point is formed, and then it is assumed that the long fiber 2 is broken by the convex roll 51 from the weakening point of the extreme surface of the non-woven heat fusion part 3 and a fiber cut from the heat fusion part 3 is formed. ing. The inventor presumes that the fiber cut from the heat-sealed portion 3 is a fiber 21 having a thick free end portion 20b.
- the present inventor uses the convex roll 51 to peel the long fibers 2 from the weakening point of the heat fusion part 3, and the fibers peeled from the heat fusion part 3 are between the heat fusion parts 3 and 3. It is assumed that the loop-like fibers 23 rise in a loop shape. Moreover, when this inventor processes the surface with the convex roll 51, the long fiber 2 is fractured
- the nonwoven fabric manufactured by the suitable manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric 1 of this invention mentioned above has few ratios of the loop-shaped fiber 23 and the fiber 22 which is not thick compared with the nonwoven fabric manufactured by the conventional raising method. It is a feature.
- the nonwoven fabric manufactured by the suitable manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric 1 of this invention mentioned above has few ratios of the fiber 22 which is not thick, it can hold
- an outer packaging material such as a pants-type disposable diaper
- the side seal may be torn and undressed, but at this time, the nonwoven fabric is less likely to tear in the lateral direction of the diaper, making it easier to tear Is obtained.
- the steel matching embossing roller 43 stretches the fiber between the heat fusion part 3 and the heat fusion part 3, and a weakening point is easily formed in the peripheral part of the heat fusion part 3.
- the weakening point is adjusted by the amount of meshing between the pair of upper and lower rolls 41 and 42 of the steel matching embossing roller 43.
- the weakening point is likely to be formed such that the fiber length between the joints is short with respect to the stretching direction.
- a raised nonwoven fabric is obtained in which the fluff is inconspicuous, is less likely to become pills, and has a high breaking strength.
- the fiber becomes thin, and the heat fusion part 3 becomes soft and a non-woven fabric having a good touch is obtained.
- the steel matching embossing roller 43 causes the fibers to be thinly stretched and elongated, thereby increasing the distance between the fibers and improving the air permeability.
- the raised nonwoven fabric has improved air permeability even with the same basis weight nonwoven fabric.
- the air permeability is improved by 1.2 to 2.0 times, more preferably by 1.3 to 1.8 times compared to the original nonwoven fabric.
- the air permeability is obtained as an inverse of the air resistance measured by AUTOMATIC AIR-PERMEABILITY TESTER KES-F8-AP1 manufactured by Kato Tech.
- the air permeability of the obtained nonwoven fabric is preferably 24 m / (kPa ⁇ s) or more.
- the spunbond nonwoven fabric of the raw material nonwoven fabric 10 having both good touch and good air permeability is composed of a material in which only a spunbond layer is laminated (for example, spunbond-spunbond-spunbond) without a meltblown layer. A nonwoven fabric is preferred.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of embodiment of this invention mentioned above is demonstrated.
- a fiber 20 is formed in which a part of a long fiber 2 is broken and only one end 20 a is fixed by a heat-sealing part 3. Since such a fiber 20 is formed, the nonwoven fabric 1 can be given a plump feeling as a whole. Moreover, since only a part of the long fibers 2 is broken, the breaking strength can be kept high similarly to the original spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
- the fiber 20 of the nonwoven fabric 1 of this embodiment contains the fiber 21 with which the free end part 20b is thick, as shown in FIG.
- the free end portion 20b includes the thick fibers 21, the free end portion 20b does not tingle, is difficult to catch on the skin, and feels good. Further, the fiber 21 having a thick free end 20b is easy to sag on the free end 20b side and is smooth, so that the touch is good. Spunbond nonwoven fabrics and spunbond laminated nonwoven fabrics have less plumpness and are inferior to the touch compared to air-through nonwoven fabrics. According to the nonwoven fabric 1 of the present embodiment described above, the touch can be greatly improved by adding plumpness to the smoothness of Japanese paper possessed by the laminated nonwoven fabric of the spunbond layer and the meltblown layer.
- the range of use of the nonwoven fabric 1 is suitably used mainly for components in absorbent articles such as disposable diapers and sanitary napkins.
- seat etc. which comprise a surface sheet, a back surface sheet, an exterior body, etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the use range of the nonwoven fabric 1 is also suitably used for a cleaning sheet.
- the disposable diaper using the nonwoven fabric 1 will be described as an example.
- the pants-type disposable diaper 100 is positioned on the non-skin contact surface side of the absorbent main body 50 including the absorbent body 40 and fixes the absorbent main body 50.
- an outer packaging material 60 As shown in FIG. 8, the absorbent main body 50 includes a liquid-permeable top sheet 70, a liquid-impermeable (including water-repellent) back sheet 80, and a liquid-retaining property interposed between both sheets 70 and 80. It has the absorber 40 and is substantially vertically long.
- the outer packaging material 60 has a dorsal side A disposed on the wearer's back side, an abdominal side B disposed on the abdomen side, and a crotch part C disposed between them and disposed on the crotch part.
- the side edge portions 6a and 6b of the back side portion A and the ventral side portion B are joined to each other, and a pair of side seal portions (not shown), a pair of leg openings (not shown) and a waist opening (not shown). Is formed.
- the outer packaging material 60 includes an outer layer sheet 62 that forms the outer surface of the diaper, and an inner layer sheet 61 that is located on the skin contact surface side and is partially joined to the outer layer sheet 62.
- the waist elastic member 63 and the leg elastic member 64 for gathering are disposed between the sheets 61 and 62 in the waist and leg 6d that form the leg opening.
- the absorbent main body 50 is disposed across the back side portion A to the abdominal side portion B of the outer packaging material 60, and both end portions in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent main body 50 are disposed on the outer packaging material 60. It is in the position retreated inward in the longitudinal direction from both ends in the longitudinal direction.
- the non-skin contact surface of the back sheet 80 of the absorbent main body 50 has an inner layer sheet 61 of the outer packaging material 60 by a bonding method using an adhesive, heat seal, ultrasonic seal or the like. It is joined to the skin contact surface. As shown in FIG.
- side cuffs 55 and 55 made of a liquid-impermeable or water-repellent and breathable material are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent main body 50.
- an elastic member 56 for forming the side cuff is disposed and fixed in an extended state.
- the side cuff 55 can stand on the free end side when the diaper is worn, and can prevent excrement from flowing out in the width direction of the absorbent main body 50.
- the side cuff 55 forming sheet has a portion 55 a having a predetermined width on the outer side in the width direction of the absorbent main body 50 wound around the non-skin contact surface side of the absorbent body 40. 40 and the back sheet 80 are fixed. Note that the portion 55 a having a predetermined width may be fixed between the back sheet 30 and the outer packaging material 60.
- the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention is preferably used as the outer layer sheet 62.
- the raising nonwoven fabric which concerns on this invention can also be used as the surface sheet 70, the back surface sheet 80, the sheet
- FIG. What is normally used for absorbent articles, such as a disposable diaper, can be used for the member of each part in the case of not using the nonwoven fabric which concerns on this invention without a restriction
- the top sheet 70 a liquid-permeable nonwoven fabric, a perforated film, or a laminate thereof can be used
- the back sheet 80 a resin film or a laminate of the resin film and the nonwoven fabric can be used. Can do.
- a stretchable film, a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a laminated sheet thereof can be used.
- a nonwoven fabric a nonwoven fabric, or a laminated sheet thereof
- a water-repellent nonwoven fabric or the like can be used.
- the absorber 40 those conventionally used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers can be used without particular limitation.
- the absorbent body 40 a fiber aggregate of a fiber material such as pulp or a material in which a superabsorbent polymer is supported and wrapped with a covering material such as tissue paper or a water-permeable nonwoven fabric is used.
- a covering material such as tissue paper or a water-permeable nonwoven fabric.
- the elastic member 56 for forming side cuffs, the waist elastic member 63, and the leg elastic member 64 those normally used for absorbent articles such as disposable diapers can be used without particular limitation.
- a stretchable material made of natural rubber, polyurethane, polystyrene-polyisoprene copolymer, polystyrene-polybutadiene copolymer, polyethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer such as ethyl acrylate-ethylene, or the like can be used.
- the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not limited to the nonwoven fabric 1 of the above-described embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.
- the nonwoven fabric 1 of the above-described embodiment is formed based on a spunbond nonwoven fabric, but is formed based on a laminated nonwoven fabric of a spunbond layer and a meltblown layer. Also good.
- the nonwoven fabric is preferably a nonwoven fabric in which a spunbond layer is disposed on the surface and / or the back surface of the meltblown layer.
- the laminated non-woven fabric of the spunbond layer and the meltblown layer is an ethylene propylene copolymer, which is a random copolymer, particularly from the viewpoint that the whole is smooth and the touch is improved and the fibers are easily broken during raising.
- the resin containing the random copolymer forms the outermost layer of the spunbond layer because the soft layer is arranged on the outer side, so that the bending rigidity is lowered and it becomes flexible.
- the spunbond layer on the surface that comes into contact with the skin should be a laminated nonwoven fabric that is formed from the resin containing the random copolymer, so that the surface that feels good (the layer that includes the random copolymer) and the breaking strength It is preferable in that it can be shared with the surface to be taken out and the touch can be improved efficiently.
- the random copolymer is made of a fiber made of a polypropylene resin containing 25% by weight or more of a recycled polypropylene resin.
- the original nonwoven fabric for forming the nonwoven fabric 1 is a nonwoven fabric (for example, a spunbond nonwoven fabric), a laminated nonwoven fabric (for example, a nonwoven fabric in which a spunbond layer and a meltblown layer are laminated by hot embossing, or a nonwoven fabric and an unbonded web are laminated.
- the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric It may be a single fiber, a composite fiber (side-by-side, core-sheath, eccentric fiber), crimped fiber, heat-shrinkable fiber, heat-stretched fiber, or fiber that is split by stretching, and a single fiber is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of low cost. Further, it may be a composite nonwoven fabric in which another nonwoven fabric or film is joined to the nonwoven fabric by an adhesive or heat. May be performed before laminating the nonwoven fabric and film may be carried out after.
- the degree of fiber orientation is preferably 1.1 to 1.8. 1.2 to 1.5 is preferable in that the fiber is easily caught on the convex portion 510 of the convex roll 51 and a product having a large amount of raising is easily obtained.
- the degree of orientation of the fiber is measured as a MOR value with a microwave molecular orientation meter MOA-6004 (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments) by cutting the sample into 95 mm square in the MD direction and 95 mm square in the CD direction.
- the degree of orientation of the fiber is an average value of 5 samples.
- the nonwoven fabric manufactured using the manufacturing apparatus described above does not have an operation of attaching new fibers to the nonwoven fabric using an adhesive or the like. Therefore, the risk of adversely affecting the skin due to the agent such as the adhesive used can be reduced. Also, unlike flocking, there are no problems such as flaking of the flocked fiber during use and exposure of the adhesive surface.
- a spunbonded nonwoven fabric which is one of the nonwoven fabrics used in absorbent articles, is thin and difficult to break in general raising processing, but it is difficult to produce a nonwoven fabric using the manufacturing apparatus described above. According to this, a raised (spunbond) nonwoven fabric having a high raised density and a good touch can be obtained.
- the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric of this invention is demonstrated based on the preferable embodiment, referring drawings.
- the nonwoven fabric will be described below with reference to the orientation direction of the constituent fibers and generally the direction along the fiber orientation direction as the MD direction or longitudinal direction, and the direction orthogonal thereto as the CD direction or width direction.
- seat by rotating a roll to the circumferential direction mean the same direction, and CD direction (width direction) of a nonwoven fabric.
- the roll rotation axis direction means the same direction.
- 9 to 12 schematically show an embodiment of a processing apparatus (hereinafter also simply referred to as a processing apparatus) used in the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
- the processing apparatus 1 is broadly divided into a partially stretched portion 2 and a raised portion 3 disposed on the downstream side of the partially stretched portion 2.
- the partial stretch processing part 2 is a part which performs a partial stretch process on each of a plurality of locations of the nonwoven fabric 4.
- a pair of concave and convex rolls 21 and 22 In the processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a pair of concave and convex rolls 21 and 22. It has.
- the “partial stretching” process referred to here is a method of processing so as to have an unstretched part and a stretched part, rather than subjecting the entire nonwoven fabric to a stretching process due to a speed difference between rolls generally performed. .
- the unstretched portion is a portion of the nonwoven fabric that has not been stretched, and “do not stretch” means that the stretch treatment is not actively applied.
- one roll 21 has the some convex part 210 in the surrounding surface, and the other roll 22 protrudes in the position corresponding to the convex part 210 of one roll 21 in the surrounding surface. It has the recessed part 220 into which the part 210 enters.
- corrugated rolls 21 and 22 is a thing of metallic cylindrical shapes, such as an aluminum alloy or steel.
- the processing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a so-called steel matching embossing roller 23 including a pair of concave and convex rolls 21 and 22 each having a convex portion 210 and a concave portion 220 that mesh with each other. As shown in FIG.
- the steel matching embossing roller 23 is configured such that a plurality of convex portions 210 provided on the peripheral surface of the roll 21 and a plurality of concave portions 220 provided on the peripheral surface of the roll 22 mesh with each other.
- the plurality of convex portions 210 are uniformly and regularly arranged in the rotation axis direction and the circumferential direction of the roll 21.
- the pair of rolls 21 and 22 rotate when a driving force from a driving means (not shown) is transmitted using a gear (not shown).
- the pair of rolls 21 and 22 may be rotated by meshing with one of the rotating shafts by transmitting a driving force from a driving means (not shown), but they are stretched at the center of each other.
- the rotational speed (circumferential speed V2) of the pair of rolls 21 and 22 is controlled by a control unit (not shown) provided in the processing apparatus 1.
- the circumferential speed V2 of the rolls 21 and 22 is obtained as a circumferential speed from the number of rotations of the roll, with (the tooth tip outer shape of the roll 21-the engagement depth D) as a diameter.
- the shape of the convex portion 210 on the peripheral surface of the roll 21 may be circular, quadrangular, elliptical, diamond-shaped, or rectangular (long in the conveying direction or a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction) when viewed from above, but the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric 4 is reduced.
- a circular shape is preferable from the viewpoint of a small amount.
- the shape of the convex portion 210 viewed from the side includes a trapezoid, a quadrangle, a curved shape, and the like.
- the trapezoid is preferable from the viewpoint of less rubbing during roll rotation, and the base angle of the trapezoid is 70 degrees to 89 degrees. More preferably.
- each of a plurality of portions of the nonwoven fabric 4 has a mechanical stretch ratio of 1.05.
- the film is preferably stretched up to 20 times, more preferably 2 to 10 times.
- the mechanical stretching ratio means a value obtained from the meshing shape of the convex portion 210 of the roll 21 and the concave portion 220 of the roll 22, which performs a stretching process on the nonwoven fabric 4. As shown in FIG.
- the mechanical stretching ratios at each of the plurality of locations are the distance between the convex portions 210 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction in the roll 21 (pitch P 1 ), and between the convex portions 210 adjacent to each other in the rotational axis direction on the roll 21.
- the distance (pitch P 2 ), the depth D of engagement between each convex portion 210 of the roll 21 and each convex portion of the roll 22, and the circumferential distance (dot diameter A 1 ) of the apex of the convex portion 210 in the roll 21 Based on the distance (dot diameter A 2 ) in the rotation axis direction of the convex vertex of the roll 21, the following mathematical formula 1 and mathematical formula 2 can be used.
- the dot diameter A 1 is obtained as an average value of the circumferential distances of the vertices of the roll 21 and the roll 22.
- the dot diameter A 2 is also obtained as an average value of the distances in the rotation axis direction of the apexes of the roll 21 and the roll 22. Further, the same can be obtained when the shape of the upper surface of the dot is a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon other than the rectangle.
- the mechanical stretch ratio at this time is the stretch ratio of the portion with the highest stretch ratio (the portion where the convex portion 210 of the roll 21 and the convex portion of the roll 22 are closest). This is the machine draw ratio.
- the mechanical draw ratio is similarly determined even if it is not a roll shape, for example, a flat plate type or a caterpillar type described in JP-A-2007-22066.
- any one of the mechanical stretching ratios in the circumferential direction and the rotation axis direction required may satisfy the mechanical stretching ratio in the above range.
- the pair of concavo-convex rolls in the partially stretched portion 2 has a mechanical stretch ratio in the above range, and reduces the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric obtained after the processing to reduce the total area of the supplied nonwoven fabric 4 by 10% to 80%. It is preferable to perform partial stretching on this part, and it is more preferable to perform partial stretching on the 40% to 80% part.
- the plurality of portions of the nonwoven fabric 4 subjected to the partial stretching process are portions that are stretched by meshing between the respective convex portions 210 of the roll 21 and the respective concave portions 220 of the roll 22.
- the portion subjected to the partial stretching process with respect to the total area of the nonwoven fabric 4 is the total area of the supplied nonwoven fabric 4 except for the total area obtained by summing the areas of the top surfaces of the respective convex portions 210 of the roll 21, It means a portion excluding the total area obtained by summing the areas of the bottom surfaces between adjacent convex portions 210 in the roll 21.
- the total stretch ratio of the nonwoven fabric is obtained by multiplying the area ratio of the stretched portion by the stretch ratio of the nonwoven fabric applied to the stretched portion, and the unstretched portion (substantially stretched). (Including the portion that is not performed) and the unfolded area ratio is obtained by adding the unfolded area ratio.
- the draw ratio of the nonwoven fabric concerning the stretched part is divided into a nonwoven fabric stretch ratio in the circumferential direction (MD direction) and a nonwoven fabric stretch ratio in the rotation axis direction (CD direction). That is, it is obtained by the following formula (1).
- Total stretch ratio of nonwoven fabric ⁇ Stretch ratio of nonwoven fabric in circumferential direction (MD direction) ⁇ Stretch area ratio of nonwoven fabric in MD direction ⁇ + ⁇ Stretch ratio of nonwoven fabric in rotational axis direction (CD direction) ⁇ Rotational axis direction of nonwoven fabric (CD Direction) stretched area ratio ⁇ + ⁇ stretching ratio of unstretched portion (including substantially unstretched portion) (1 ⁇ ) ⁇ unstretched area ratio of nonwoven fabric ⁇ (1)
- the mechanical stretch ratio in the circumferential direction includes the supply speed described later and the peripheral speed of the roll 21 (or roll 22). It is a value multiplied by the ratio (roll peripheral speed / supply speed). Since the width of the nonwoven fabric stretch ratio in the rotation axis direction (CD direction) is reduced due to wrinkling of the nonwoven fabric, the ratio of change in the width of the nonwoven fabric before and after the passage of the roll 21 and roll 22 is reduced to the mechanical stretch ratio in the rotation axis direction ( The value obtained by multiplying the width of the nonwoven fabric after passing through the roll / the width of the nonwoven fabric before passing through the roll).
- the fiber between the thermocompression bonding part and the thermocompression bonding part of the original non-woven fabric becomes thin by partial stretching, and the peripheral part of the thermocompression bonding part (thermocompression bonding part and fiber In the vicinity of the boundary), a break (fissure) is formed by the stretching action, and the fibers are easily cut at that portion during raising, and the thermocompression bonding portion is deformed by stretching, so that the thermocompression bonding portion itself becomes soft. Peeling at the thermocompression bonding portion hardly occurs, and the raised fibers are shortened, and it is easy to raise, and a nonwoven fabric excellent in touch can be obtained.
- the total stretch ratio of the non-woven fabric is preferably 1.3 to 4 times from the viewpoint that a reduction in breaking strength is reduced by the partial stretching process compared to the original non-woven fabric before stretching, and a good touch can be obtained. More preferably, it is 5 to 3 times.
- the ratio of the area ratio of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the total stretching ratio ⁇ area ratio of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric (%) / (total stretching ratio (times) x 100) ⁇ is preferably 0.02 to 0.12. More preferably, it is 0.04 to 0.10, from the viewpoint that the thermocompression bonding portion is appropriately broken and the amount of raising is increased while maintaining the breaking strength.
- the original nonwoven fabric has thermocompression bonding portions that are regularly dispersed in the plane direction, and the thermocompression bonding portion includes not only the crimping portion of the constituent fiber by heat but also the crimping portion of the constituent fiber by ultrasonic waves. Meaning.
- each convex portion 210 of the roll 21 extends from the peripheral surface of the roll 21 to the apex of the convex portion 210 as shown in FIG.
- the height h is preferably 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 2 to 7 mm.
- the distance (pitch P 1 ) between the protrusions 210 adjacent in the circumferential direction is preferably 0.01 to 20 mm, more preferably 1 to 10 mm, and the distance between the protrusions 210 adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction.
- the distance (pitch P 2 (not shown)) is preferably 0.01 to 20 mm, and more preferably 1 to 10 mm.
- each convex portion 210 of the roll 21 is not particularly limited, and for example, a circle, a polygon, an ellipse or the like is used, and the area of the top surface of each convex portion 210 is 0.01 to 500 mm 2 . Preferably, it is 0.1 to 10 mm 2 . In addition, the area of each bottom surface between adjacent convex portions 210 is preferably 0.01 to 500 mm 2 , and more preferably 0.1 to 10 mm 2 . Further, it is preferable that the edge portion of the convex portion 210 has an R shape because it is difficult to open a hole in the nonwoven fabric during processing.
- the R value is 0.2 mm to 0.5 ⁇ dot diameter A 1 or 0.5 ⁇ dot. it is preferable that the diameter a 2.
- the area of the surface of the convex portion 210 is an R intermediate point (projecting the convex portion from the upper surface).
- the partial mechanical stretch ratio is determined from the midpoint.
- the pitch of the non-woven thermocompression bonding portion (such as heat-bonded portion by embossing) and the pitch of the convex portions 210 of the pair of rolls 21 and 22 (pitch / convex portion of non-woven thermocompression bonding portion) If the pitch) is 0.05 to 0.7, more preferably 0.1 to 0.4, there is a high possibility that a non-woven thermocompression bonding portion exists in the stretched portion. Therefore, the thermocompression bonding part is deformed and softened, and the weakening point due to stretching is easily formed in the peripheral part of the thermocompression bonding part of the nonwoven fabric. It is preferable in that it is difficult to form pills and a good touch is obtained.
- the preferable range of the ratio between the pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric and the pitch of the convex portion 210 of the pair of rolls 21 and 22 is the pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion in the MD direction of the nonwoven fabric and the convexity of the pair of rolls 21 and 22.
- Each recess 220 of the roll 22 is arranged at a position corresponding to each protrusion 210 of the roll 21 as shown in FIGS.
- the depth D of engagement between each convex portion 210 of the roll 21 and each convex portion of the roll 22 The length of the portion where each convex portion 210 and each concave portion 220 overlap is preferably 0.1 to 10 mm, and more preferably 1 to 8 mm.
- the nonwoven fabric 4 When the nonwoven fabric 4 is supplied between the top portion of the convex portion 210 of the roll 21 and the bottom portion of the concave portion 220 of the roll 22, the nonwoven fabric 4 does not become harder when it is spaced so as not to sandwich the nonwoven fabric 4. preferable.
- stretching process part 2 is equipped with the conveyance rolls 24 and 25 which convey the nonwoven fabric 4 in the upstream and downstream of the steel matching embossing roller 23, as shown in FIG.
- the conveyance speed V ⁇ b> 1 of the nonwoven fabric 4 is controlled by a control unit (not shown) included in the processing apparatus 1.
- the conveyance speed V1 of the nonwoven fabric 4 means the speed on the surface of the nonwoven fabric 4 fed out from the roll of the nonwoven fabric 4.
- the raising part 3 is a part for raising the constituent fibers 41 of the nonwoven fabric 4 ′ subjected to the partial stretching process.
- the convex roll 31 is a metallic cylindrical shape such as an aluminum alloy or steel.
- the convex roll 31 rotates when a driving force from a driving means (not shown) is transmitted to its rotating shaft.
- the rotational speed (circumferential speed V4) of the convex roll 31 is controlled by a control unit (not shown) included in the processing apparatus 1.
- the circumferential speed V4 of the convex roll 31 means the speed on the surface of the convex roll 31, like the circumferential speed V2 of the rolls 21 and 22.
- the brushed portion 3 includes transport rolls 32 and 33 that transport the nonwoven fabric 4 ′ on the upstream side and the downstream side of the convex roll 31.
- the conveyance speed V3 of the stretched nonwoven fabric 4 ' is controlled by a control unit (not shown) provided in the processing apparatus 1.
- the transport speed V3 of the stretched nonwoven fabric 4 ' means the speed on the surface of the nonwoven fabric 4' supplied to the convex roll 31, as is the transport speed V1 of the nonwoven fabric 4 before stretch processing.
- Each convex portion 310 of the convex roll 31 preferably has a height from the peripheral surface of the convex roll 31 to the apex of the convex portion 310 of 0.01 to 3 mm, and more preferably 0.01 to 1 mm. .
- the distance (pitch) between the protrusions 310 adjacent in the circumferential direction is preferably 0.01 to 50 mm, more preferably 0.01 to 3 mm, and the distance between the protrusions 310 adjacent to each other in the rotation axis direction.
- the distance (pitch) is preferably 0.01 to 30 mm, and more preferably 0.01 to 3 mm.
- the density of the convex portions is 500 to 5000 pieces / cm 2, which is preferable in that the number of points of action of raising is increased, and a nonwoven fabric having a large amount of raising can be obtained.
- the shape of the top surface of each convex portion 310 of the convex roll 31 is not particularly limited. For example, a circular shape, a polygonal shape, an elliptical shape or the like is used, and the area of the top surface of each convex portion 310 is 0.001 to 20 mm 2. It is preferable that the thickness is 0.01 to 1 mm 2 .
- the position of the conveying roll 33 on the downstream side is set high, and the stretched nonwoven fabric 4 ′ is in contact with the contact surface of the convex roll 31 at a holding angle ⁇ of 10 to 180 °. More preferably, contact is made at a holding angle ⁇ of 30 to 120 °.
- the position of the convex roll 31 and the conveyance roll 33 is changed so that it may become the holding angle (alpha), it does not need to change.
- the processing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a control unit (not shown), and the control unit drives the peripheral speed V2 based on the driving means of the pair of rolls 21 and 22 and drives the convex roll 31.
- the circumferential speed V4 based on the means, the conveyance speed V1 of the nonwoven fabric 4 based on the detection of the tension by the tension detector, and the speed control of the conveyance speed V3 of the stretched nonwoven fabric 4 ′ based on the detection of the tension by the tension detector are predetermined. Control according to the operation sequence.
- the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention first, partial stretching is performed on each of a plurality of locations of the nonwoven fabric 4 at a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower.
- the strip-shaped nonwoven fabric 4 as a raw material is unwound from a roll, and the steel matching embossing roller 23 of the partially stretched processing section 2 is provided with the nonwoven fabric 4 by transport rolls 24 and 25. It supplies between a pair of rolls 21 and 22, and performs a partial extending
- the sheet is sandwiched with 220 and stretched in the conveying direction and in the direction orthogonal to the conveying direction at each of a plurality of locations of the nonwoven fabric 4 by the partial stretching process.
- the temperature of 50 ° C. or lower means that the rolls 21 and 22 are not positively heated and are at room temperature when the nonwoven fabric 4 is stretched.
- the non-woven fabric 4 when the non-woven fabric 4 is stretched, the non-woven fabric 4 is hardened by causing heat fusion between the non-woven fabric constituent fibers, so that the melting point of any kind of constituent fiber resin is higher than that. Means low temperature.
- the direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction is the same direction as the rotation axis direction of the roll described above.
- the relationship with V2 is preferably V1> V2, more preferably a value of V1 / V2 of 1.05 or more, and particularly preferably a value of V1 / V2 of 1.1 or more.
- the value of V1 / V2 is smaller than 10 from a viewpoint which does not produce slack in the nonwoven fabric 4 conveyed.
- the peripheral speed of the smooth roll is larger than the supply speed, so that V1 / V2 is
- V1 / V2 is
- the nonwoven fabric is torn. Therefore, although the total draw ratio of the nonwoven fabric cannot be increased, in this embodiment, even if there is a total draw ratio of the nonwoven fabric of 1.3 times or more, the nonwoven fabric is not easily broken.
- the nonwoven fabric 4 'that has been subjected to the partial stretching process is subjected to raising processing for raising the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric 4'.
- the nonwoven fabric 4 ′ subjected to the partial stretching process is transported by the transport rolls 32 and 33 to the convex roll 31 provided with the convex portion 310 on the peripheral surface. 12, the constituent fibers of the non-woven fabric 4 ′ subjected to the partial stretching process are raised from the surface of the non-woven fabric 4 ′.
- the rotational direction of the convex roll 31 is the stretched nonwoven fabric 4. It is preferable to rotate in the reverse direction with respect to the conveyance direction.
- the value of V4 / V3 is 0.3 to 10, preferably V4> V3, and the value of V4 / V3 is 1.1 to 10. More preferably, it is particularly preferably 1.5 to 5 because sufficient raising can be achieved and the fiber is less entangled with the roll.
- the transport speed V3 of the nonwoven fabric 4 ′ partially stretched and the convex Regarding the relationship with the peripheral speed V4 of the roll 31, the value of V4 / V3 is preferably 1.1 to 20, more preferably 1.5 to 10, and particularly preferably 2 to 8.
- the nonwoven fabric 4 to be processed for example, a spunbond nonwoven fabric, a laminated nonwoven fabric of a spunbond layer and a meltblown layer can be used, or a nonwoven fabric composed of continuous long fibers in a tow state can be used.
- a spunbonded nonwoven fabric can be suitably used from the viewpoint of being inexpensive, having a high breaking strength, and being thin.
- the nonwoven fabric is preferably a nonwoven fabric in which a spunbond layer is disposed on the surface and / or the back surface of the meltblown layer.
- the laminated nonwoven fabric of the spunbond layer and the meltblown layer is preferably composed entirely of fibers made of polypropylene resin containing 50% by weight or more of recycled polypropylene resin.
- the continuous continuous fibers in the above-mentioned tow state preferably have a thickness of 5 to 30 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the nonwoven fabric 4 is inexpensive and has a good touch feeling, and the basis weight is preferably 10 to 100 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of processing suitability, and more preferably 10 to 25 g / m 2. preferable.
- the plurality of heat-bonding portions that are the thermocompression-bonding portions of the nonwoven fabric 4 are, for example, those formed intermittently by thermocompression bonding using embossed convex rolls and flat rolls, those formed by ultrasonic fusion, Examples include those formed by intermittently applying hot air and partially fusing. Among these, those formed by thermocompression bonding are preferable in that they are easily raised.
- the shape of the heat fusion part is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a circle, a rhombus, and a triangle.
- the ratio of the total area of the heat-sealed portion to the surface area of one surface of the nonwoven fabric 4 is preferably 5 to 30%, and more preferably 10 to 20%, from the standpoint that it is difficult to produce pills.
- the plurality of heat-sealed portions by embossing of the spunbond nonwoven fabric preferably have an area of each heat-sealed portion of 0.05 to 10 mm 2 , and 0.1 to 1 mm 2. More preferably.
- the number of the heat-sealed portions is preferably 10 to 250 / cm 2 , and more preferably 35 to 65 / cm 2 .
- the shape of the heat fusion part is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a circle, a rhombus, and a triangle.
- the ratio of the total area of the heat-sealed portion to the surface area of one surface of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric is preferably 5 to 30%, and more preferably 10 to 20%.
- the spunbond nonwoven fabric may be a single layer or a laminate of a plurality of layers.
- the constituent fibers constituting the spunbond nonwoven fabric are made of a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin includes polyolefin resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, acrylonitrile resin, vinyl resin, vinylidene. Based resins and the like.
- the polyolefin resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybuden.
- the polyester resin include polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. Nylon etc. are mentioned as a polyamide-type resin.
- the vinyl resin include polyvinyl chloride.
- the vinylidene resin include polyvinylidene chloride. Modified products and mixtures of these various resins can also be used.
- the wire diameter of the constituent fibers is preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m before partial stretching.
- the method for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric of this embodiment in which a nonwoven fabric is manufactured using the processing apparatus 1, pre-processing is first performed in which a plurality of portions of the nonwoven fabric 4 are partially stretched at a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower. Therefore, the soft non-woven fabric 4 ′′ having the raised texture of the constituent fibers of the non-woven fabric 4 ′ is obtained because it is easy to be raised at the time of performing the raising process and is not easily heat-sealed. In addition, the obtained nonwoven fabric 4 '' is partially stretched at each of a plurality of locations of the nonwoven fabric 4 before processing, and is not subjected to the partially stretched processing at portions other than the plurality of locations.
- the strength can be maintained, and the decrease in the strength of the nonwoven fabric can be reduced.
- a nonwoven fabric having a high strength such as a spunbond nonwoven fabric
- the conveyance speed can be increased and the production cost of the nonwoven fabric 4 ′′ can be suppressed.
- manufacture of nonwoven fabric 4 '' The speed can be increased and the manufacturing cost of the nonwoven fabric 4 ′′ can be reduced.
- the original spunbond nonwoven fabric has a breaking strength value of 10 to 30 N / 50 mm at a basis weight of 20 g / m 2 after processing.
- the spunbond nonwoven fabric obtained has a breaking strength value of 5 to 20 N / 50 mm, and the decrease in nonwoven fabric strength can be reduced to 50% or less.
- the value of the breaking strength of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric obtained after processing is substantially the same as the value of the breaking strength of the original spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
- the breaking strength preferably satisfies the above range in either the X direction or the Y direction of the original spunbond nonwoven fabric or the spunbond nonwoven fabric obtained after processing, and satisfies the above range in both directions. Further preferred.
- the breaking strength is measured by the following method.
- An original spunbond nonwoven fabric or a spunbond nonwoven fabric obtained after processing is cut out into a rectangular measurement piece having a size of 200 mm in the X direction (width direction, CD direction) and 50 mm in the Y direction (longitudinal direction, MD direction).
- the cut out rectangular measurement piece is used as a measurement sample.
- the measurement sample is attached to a chuck of a tensile tester (for example, Tensilon tensile tester “RTA-100” manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.) so that the X direction is the tensile direction.
- the distance between chucks is 150 mm.
- the measurement sample is pulled at 300 mm / min, and the maximum load point until the sample breaks is defined as the breaking strength in the X direction. Further, a rectangular measurement piece having a size of 200 mm in the Y direction (longitudinal direction, MD direction) and 50 mm in the X direction (width direction, CD direction) is cut out, and this is used as a measurement sample. This measurement sample is attached to the chuck of a tensile tester so that the Y direction is the tensile direction. The breaking strength in the Y direction is obtained by the same procedure as the method for measuring the breaking strength in the X direction described above.
- the constituent fibers of the nonwoven fabric raised from the surface of the spunbonded nonwoven fabric obtained after processing are short, and it is difficult to impair the appearance.
- the constituent fiber raised from the surface of the nonwoven fabric means a fiber in which the tip of the raised constituent fiber is positioned 0.2 mm or more above the surface of the nonwoven fabric.
- the reason why the constituent fiber of the nonwoven fabric raised from the surface of the spunbond nonwoven fabric is short is that the present inventor has drawn the spunbond nonwoven fabric by the steel matching embossing roller 23 of the partially stretched processed portion 2.
- a weakened point is formed in the heat-bonded portion of the spunbond nonwoven fabric, and then the surface is processed by the convex roll 31 of the raised portion 3, so that the structure of the spunbond nonwoven fabric is formed from the heat-bonded portion in which the weakened point is formed.
- the continuous long fiber which is a fiber
- the number of raised fibers is preferably 8 / cm or more, and more preferably 12 / cm or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 100 / cm or less, more preferably 40 / cm or less from the viewpoint that the appearance is not fuzzy.
- the raised fiber is measured by the following measuring method.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a method for measuring the number of raised constituent fibers. Sampling and measurement are performed at 22 ° C. and 65% RH. First, from a non-woven fabric to be measured, a measurement piece of 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm was cut out with a sharp razor, and as shown in FIG. Form. Next, this measurement sample 104 is placed on an A4 size black mount, and as shown in FIG. 13 (b), an A4 size black mount in which holes 107 of 1 cm in length and 1 cm in width are further formed. Put on. At this time, as shown in FIG.
- the fold 105 of the measurement sample 104 is arranged so that it can be seen from the hole 107 of the upper black mount.
- “Kenran (black) continuous weight 265 g” of Fuji Kyowa Paper Co., Ltd. was used for both mounts. Thereafter, a weight of 50 g is placed on each side of the upper mount hole 107 at a position spaced 5 cm outward along the fold line 105 so that the measurement sample 104 is completely folded.
- FIG. 13 (c) the inside of the mount hole 107 is observed at a magnification of 30 times using a microscope (VHX-900 manufactured by KEYENCE Corp.), and the measurement sample 104 has a fold 105 to 0.
- the number of raised constituent fibers when counting the number of raised constituent fibers, for example, when there is a fiber that crosses the virtual line 108 that is 0.2 mm above the fold 105 twice, such as a fiber 106a shown in FIG.
- the fibers count as two. Specifically, in the example shown in FIG. 13C, there are four fibers that cross the virtual line 108 once and one fiber 106a that crosses the virtual line 108 twice, but there are 2 fibers 106a that cross the virtual line 108 twice. Counted as a book, the number of raised constituent fibers is 6.
- the nonwoven fabric with raised constituent fibers obtained by the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention is different from flocking, because there is no operation to attach new fibers to the nonwoven fabric using an adhesive or the like.
- the risk of adversely affecting the skin with drugs can be reduced.
- problems such as peeling of the flocked fiber during use and exposure of the adhesive surface do not occur.
- a spunbonded nonwoven fabric which is one of the nonwoven fabrics used in absorbent articles, is thin and difficult to break by general raising processing, but according to the nonwoven fabric manufacturing method of the present invention, raising A raised (spunbond) non-woven fabric having high density and good touch is obtained.
- the nonwoven fabric obtained by the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention is also characterized by being thick but not thick, and the thickness under high load is almost the same as the nonwoven fabric before processing, but under low load There is a difference in thickness.
- both of the spunbond nonwoven fabric obtained by the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention and a normal spunbond nonwoven fabric before processing have a thickness of 10 gf / cm 2 under a high load of 10 gf / cm 2 at a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 . It does not change from 0.15mm to 0.18mm.
- the normal spunbonded nonwoven fabric before processing has a width of 0.41 mm to 0.46 mm, whereas the spunbond obtained by the nonwoven fabric manufacturing method of the present invention.
- Nonwoven fabrics have different thicknesses of 0.5 mm to 0.6 mm. Note that a load of 0.05 gf / cm 2 corresponds to the load of a human finger when the nonwoven fabric is lightly pressed, and the person feels plump by recognizing this slight difference in thickness.
- the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not limited to the manufacturing method of the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed.
- a steel matching emboss comprising a pair of concave and convex rolls 21 and 22 meshed with a partially stretched portion 2.
- the roller 23 may replace with the steel matching embossing roller 23, and may be provided with a pair of tooth space roll by which the tooth space which mutually meshes was provided in the surrounding surface.
- the pair of tooth space rolls may be engaged with the conveyance direction, or may be engaged with the direction intersecting the conveyance direction.
- the pair of tooth gap rolls can be rotated, so that a machine stretch ratio can be high, and a non-woven fabric that has a good touch is obtained. It is done. More preferably, the non-stretched portion is intermittently distributed, so that there is little decrease in the breaking strength of the nonwoven fabric and wrinkles are less likely to occur during processing. Also, stretching is added in both the MD direction and the CD direction, and the touch is excellent. From steel match embossing roller is good. Furthermore, in order to give design properties, it is also preferable to raise in a stripe shape or to partially raise the pattern in a pattern.
- the raising process part 3 is equipped with the convex roll 31 by which the convex part 310 was provided in the surrounding surface.
- it may replace with the convex roll 31, and may be provided with a pair of tooth groove roll by which the tooth groove which mutually meshes was provided in the surrounding surface, the roll which carried out the knurling process, the roll which carried out the spraying process, and the card wire may be sufficient.
- you may provide the roll which provided the raw material with frictional resistance in the surrounding surface. Examples of the friction-resistant material provided on the peripheral surface of the roll include rubber and sandpaper.
- the partial stretching and raising process may be performed continuously or sequentially.
- the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of this embodiment after raising, even if the fiber that has been raised by being wound up as a nonwoven fabric raw material is once crushed, when it is subsequently wound up, it can be touched by hand, unwinding machine, etc. There is also a merit that raised fibers that are crushed by simply passing through the guide roll occur, and a non-woven fabric and an absorbent article having a good touch can be obtained.
- Example 1 A nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 (spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SMS) having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 14.7 ⁇ m was used (this is also referred to as SMS).
- the nonwoven fabric in the state is referred to as Comparative Example 5.).
- the SMS nonwoven fabric was passed through a steel matching embossing roller 43 shown in FIG. 3, surface-treated with a convex roll 51 shown in FIG. 4, and processed in two stages to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- Each convex portion 410 in the roll 41 of the steel matching embossing roller 43 used has a height of 2.8 mm, and the depth of engagement between each convex portion 410 of the roll 41 and each concave portion 420 of the roll 42 is 2 mm. 0.7 mm. Moreover, the distance (pitch) between the convex parts 410 adjacent in the rotation axis direction was 7 mm, and the distance (pitch) between the convex parts 410 adjacent in the circumferential direction was 7 mm.
- each convex part 510 of the used convex roll 51 is 0.6 mm
- the distance (pitch) between the convex parts 510 adjacent in the rotation axis direction is 1.4 mm, and adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the distance (pitch) between the convex portions 510 that fit each other was 2.1 mm.
- the convex roll was rotated at a speed four times in the opposite direction with respect to the conveyance direction of the nonwoven fabric.
- the hugging angle was 130 degrees. Each conveyance speed was 10 m / min.
- Example 2 A nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 (spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SMS) having a spunbond layer made of propylene resin having a fiber diameter of 17.7 ⁇ m was used. Next, this SMS nonwoven fabric was treated in two steps under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- SMS spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric
- Example 3 Nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 (spunbond-spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SSMS) having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 12.9 ⁇ m. A softener is kneaded into the spunbond layers on both sides of the nonwoven fabric. Next, this SSMS nonwoven fabric was processed in two steps under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- SSMS spunbond-spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 12.9 ⁇ m.
- Example 4 A nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 12 g / m 2 (spunbond-meltblown-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SMMS) having a spunbond layer made of propylene resin having a fiber diameter of 14.6 ⁇ m was used. Next, this SMMS nonwoven fabric was treated in two steps under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- SMMS spunbond-meltblown-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric having a spunbond layer made of propylene resin having a fiber diameter of 14.6 ⁇ m
- Example 5 A nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 (spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SMS) having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 14.9 ⁇ m was used. A softener is kneaded into the spunbond layer on one side of the SMS nonwoven fabric. Next, the layer side in which the softening agent of this SMS nonwoven fabric was kneaded was treated in two steps under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- SMS spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric
- Example 6 A nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 (spunbond-spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SSS) having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 15.0 ⁇ m was used. A softener is kneaded into the SSS nonwoven fabric. Next, this SSS nonwoven fabric was processed in two steps under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- SSS spunbond-spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 15.0 ⁇ m
- Example 7 A nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 (spunbond-spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SSS) having a spunbond layer made of propylene resin having a fiber diameter of 14.9 ⁇ m was used. Next, this SSS nonwoven fabric was processed in two steps under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a nonwoven fabric.
- SSS spunbond-spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric
- Example 1 As in Example 1, with a layer of spunbond made of ethylene-propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter 14.7Myuemu, basis weight 15 g / m 2 nonwoven fabric (spunbond - meltblown - spunbonded layered nonwoven fabric, SMS both below Used).
- Example 2 As in Example 1, with a layer of spunbond made of ethylene-propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter 14.7Myuemu, basis weight 15 g / m 2 nonwoven fabric (spunbond - meltblown - spunbonded layered nonwoven fabric, SMS both below Used). Next, the SMS nonwoven fabric was cut to obtain a nonwoven fabric. The cutting method used was obtained by cutting with a razor a spunbonded nonwoven fabric immersed in liquid nitrogen for 5 minutes and frozen.
- Example 3 As in Example 1, with a layer of spunbond made of ethylene-propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter 14.7Myuemu, basis weight 15 g / m 2 nonwoven fabric (spunbond - meltblown - spunbonded layered nonwoven fabric, SMS both below Used).
- sandpaper grain size # 240 made by TRUSCO NAKAYAMA Co., Ltd. was adhered to the entire circumference of a 110 ⁇ roll with double-sided tape, and hugged in contact with 8.5 degrees of 360 degrees of the entire circumference of the roll. The nonwoven fabric was flowed at 10 m / min. At that time, the roll to which the sandpaper was bonded was rotated at 50 m / min in the direction opposite to the traveling direction to obtain a nonwoven fabric in which the fibers were broken.
- Nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 and having a spunbond layer made of ethylene propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 14.7 ⁇ m used in Example 1 spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter referred to as SMS) It was used. In particular, brushing was not performed.
- SMS spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric
- tweezers manufactured by TWEEZERS, tweezers K-14
- Example 6 A nonwoven fabric (spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SMS) having a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 and having a spunbond layer made of propylene resin having a fiber diameter of 17.7 ⁇ m used in Example 2 is used. did. In particular, brushing was not performed.
- SMS spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric
- Example 7 Used in Example 3, with a layer of spunbond made of ethylene-propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 12.9, having a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 nonwoven fabric (spunbond - spunbond - meltblown - spunbonded layered nonwoven fabric, Hereinafter, it is also referred to as SSMS, and a softening agent is kneaded into the spunbond layers on both sides of the SSMS nonwoven fabric. In particular, brushing was not performed.
- Nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 12 g / m 2 spunbond-meltblown-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SMMS) having a spunbond layer made of propylene resin having a fiber diameter of 14.6 ⁇ m used in Example 4 It was used. In particular, brushing was not performed.
- Example 9 A nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 (spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SMS) having a spunbond layer made of a propylene resin having a fiber diameter of 14.9 ⁇ m used in Example 5 is used. did. A softener is kneaded into the spunbond layer on one side of the SMS nonwoven fabric. In particular, brushing was not performed.
- SMS spunbond-meltblown-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric
- Example 10 A basis weight of 18 g / m 2 (spunbond-spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SSS) having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 15.0 ⁇ m used in Example 6. A non-woven fabric was used. A softener is kneaded into the SSS nonwoven fabric. In particular, brushing was not performed.
- Example 11 A basis weight of 18 g / m 2 (spunbond-spunbond-spunbond laminated nonwoven fabric, hereinafter also referred to as SSS) having a spunbond layer made of an ethylene propylene copolymer resin having a fiber diameter of 14.9 ⁇ m used in Example 7. A non-woven fabric was used. In particular, brushing was not performed.
- the ratio of the fibers 21 in which the free end portion 20b is thick in the fibers 21 in which the free end portion 20b is thick and the fibers 22 in which the free end portion 20b is not thick is obtained, and the obtained thickness is increased.
- the results are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 as ⁇ when the ratio of the fibers 21 is 20% or more and as x when the ratio is less than 20%. Further, for the nonwoven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 5, the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric (only one end portion 20a is formed by the heat fusion portion 3) by the above-described fiber diameter measurement method.
- the ratio of the loop-like fiber 23 in the fixed fiber 20 (the fiber 21 in which the free end 20b is thick and the fiber 22 in which the free end 20b is not thick) and the loop-like fiber 23) is obtained,
- the results are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 when the ratio of the obtained loop-like fibers 23 is less than 50%, and when the ratio is 50% or more, x.
- the fiber diameter distribution in the nonwoven fabric was determined by the above-described fiber diameter distribution measurement method. The results are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 as x when 33 or more and as x when less than 0.33.
- Example 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and Comparative Example 5 were For untreated non-woven fabrics (Example 1 and Comparative Example 5, Example 2 and Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6, Example 3 and Comparative Example 7, Example 4 and Comparative Example 8, Example 5 and Comparative Example 9, Example 6 and Comparative Example 10, Example 7 and Comparative Example 11, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 5), if the average value of the obtained sensory evaluation is improved, Those whose average values did not change are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 as x.
- nonwoven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11 were obtained by obtaining the compression property value at the time of minute load in the nonwoven fabric by the method for measuring the compression property value at the time of minute load described above.
- the number of raised fibers was obtained by the above-described method for measuring raised fibers, and the number of obtained fibers was 8 The results are shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4 as ⁇ when the number is more than 1 line / cm and as x when the number is less than 8 lines / cm. Further, for the nonwoven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11, the height of the raised fibers was determined by the above-described method for measuring the height of the raised fibers, and the obtained fibers In Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4, it was shown as O when the height of 1.5 mm or less, and as x when it was higher than 1.5 mm.
- the nonwoven fabric of Example 1 has a higher proportion of fibers 21 with a thick free end 20b than the nonwoven fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. I understand. It can also be seen that the nonwoven fabric of Example 1 has a higher rate of increase in the tip fiber diameter than the nonwoven fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Furthermore, it can be seen that the nonwoven fabric of Example 1 has a smaller proportion of loop-like fibers 23 and a wider fiber diameter distribution than the nonwoven fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The non-woven fabric of Example 1 was superior to the untreated non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 4, and the decrease in breaking strength was small, and a non-woven fabric that was difficult to fluff or fluff and did not get caught on the skin was obtained.
- the nonwoven fabrics of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have the same touch evaluation as that of the untreated nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 4, and the nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 3 has improved texture compared to the untreated nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 4.
- the nonwoven fabric of Example 1 described above is superior to the untreated nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 4 in that the nonwoven fabric of Example 1 is compressed against a nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 4 untreated at the time of a minute load. It can also be judged from the fact that the characteristic value is low and the number of raised fibers is large.
- Example 1 when a resin having different components constituting the nonwoven fabric of Example 1 is used, the nonwoven fabric of Example 1 and the basis weight, the presence or absence of a softening agent Also in the nonwoven fabrics of Examples 2 to 7 in which the above was changed, as in Example 1, the non-woven fabrics of Comparative Examples 6 to 9 were improved in touch, and nonwoven fabrics with reduced reduction in breaking strength were obtained.
- the non-woven fabrics of Examples 2 to 7 are superior in touch as compared with the untreated nonwoven fabrics of Comparative Examples 6 to 11, which have a low compression property value at a minute load and raised It can also be judged from the large number of fibers being processed.
- Example 8 An SMS nonwoven fabric having a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin and a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 , 1.3 dtex, and a thermocompression bonding portion (heat fusion portion by embossing) of 15% was used.
- a nonwoven fabric of Example 8 was obtained which was subjected to raising by the above-described processing method shown in FIGS.
- Each convex part 210 in the roll of the steel matching embossing roller 23 used has a height of 2.8 mm, and the engagement depth D between each convex part 210 of the roll 21 and each convex part of the roll 22 is 2. 0.7 mm.
- the mechanical stretching ratio is 2.9 times, the distance between the convex portions 210 adjacent in the rotation axis direction (pitch P 2 ) is 7 mm, and the distance between the convex portions 210 adjacent in the circumferential direction (pitch P 1 ) was 7 mm.
- the peripheral speed V2 of the steel match embossing roll was 20 m / min, and the nonwoven fabric conveyance speed V1 was 26 m / min.
- the height of each convex part 310 of the convex roll 31 used for raising is 0.6 mm, and the distance (pitch) between the convex parts adjacent to the rotation axis direction is 1.4 mm, in the circumferential direction.
- the distance (pitch) between adjacent convex portions was 2.1 mm.
- the conveyance speed V3 of the nonwoven fabric was 20 m / min, and the convex roll 31 was rotated at a circumferential speed V4 that is four times the reverse direction to the conveyance direction of the nonwoven fabric.
- the hugging angle was 130 degrees. In Example 8, only one side was raised.
- the total draw ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 1.7 times.
- the ratio of the pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the pitch of the convex portion of the concavo-convex roll pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric / pitch of the convex portion
- the ratio of the area ratio of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the total stretch ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 0.088.
- Example 9 An SMS nonwoven fabric having a layer of a spunbond nonwoven fabric made of propylene resin and having a basis weight of 13 g / m 2 , a fiber diameter of 15.9 ⁇ m, and a thermocompression bonding portion (heat fusion portion by embossing) of 13% was used. Processing under the same conditions as in Example 8 was performed to obtain a nonwoven fabric of Example 9. The total draw ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 1.7 times.
- the ratio of the pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the pitch of the convex portion of the uneven roll is 0.41 in the MD direction (roll circumferential direction), and the CD direction (roll (Rotational axis direction) was 0.24.
- the ratio of the area ratio of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the total stretch ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 0.076.
- Example 10 It has a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of propylene resin, has a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 , 1.8 dtex, an area ratio of a thermocompression bonding part (heat-bonded part by embossing) of 12%, has no meltblown layer, only a spunbond layer A nonwoven fabric was used. Processing under the same conditions as in Example 8 was performed to obtain a nonwoven fabric of Example 10. The total draw ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 1.7 times.
- the ratio of the pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the pitch of the convex portion of the concavo-convex roll (pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric / pitch of the convex portion) is 0.3 in the MD direction (roll circumferential direction) and CD direction (roll The rotation axis direction) was 0.3.
- the ratio of the area ratio of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the total stretch ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 0.071.
- Example 11 As in Example 8, an SMS nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 and 1.3 dtex having a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin was used. Processing with a steel matching embossing roller was performed in the same manner as in Example 8. The total draw ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 1.7 times.
- the ratio of the pitch of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the pitch of the convex portion of the concavo-convex roll is 0.43 in the MD direction (roll circumferential direction), and the CD direction (roll (Rotational axis direction) was 0.37.
- the ratio of the area ratio of the thermocompression bonding portion of the nonwoven fabric to the total stretch ratio of the nonwoven fabric was 0.088. Thereafter, a raised roll having a maximum protrusion height of about 0.07 mm and a protrusion density of about 2000 pieces / cm 2 was used for raising.
- the conveyance speed V3 of the nonwoven fabric was 20 m / min, and the convex roll 31 was rotated at a circumferential speed V4 that is four times the reverse direction to the conveyance direction of the nonwoven fabric.
- the hugging angle was 60 degrees. Also in Example 11, only one side was raised.
- Example 12 As in Example 8, an SMS nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 and 1.3 dtex having a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin was used as the nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 12.
- Example 13 As in Example 8, an SMS nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 15 g / m 2 and 1.3 dtex having a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of an ethylene-propylene copolymer resin was used. Next, sandpaper grain size # 240 made by TRUSCO NAKAYAMA Co., Ltd. was adhered to the entire circumference of a 110 ⁇ roll with double-sided tape, and hung in contact with 8.5 degrees of the entire circumference of the roll at 360 degrees. At 10 m / min. At that time, the nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 13 was obtained in which the roll to which the sandpaper was bonded was rotated at a speed of 40 m / min in the direction opposite to the traveling direction and was raised.
- Example 14 Similarly to Example 9, an SMS nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 13 g / m 2 and a fiber diameter of 15.9 ⁇ m having a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of propylene resin was used as the nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 14.
- Example 15 Similarly to Example 9, an SMS nonwoven fabric having a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of propylene resin and having a basis weight of 13 g / m 2 and a fiber diameter of 15.9 ⁇ m was used. Next, processing under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 13 was performed to obtain a nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 15.
- Comparative Example 16 Similarly to Example 10, a nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 16 having a spunbond nonwoven fabric layer made of propylene resin and having a basis weight of 18 g / m 2 , 1.8 dtex, no meltblown layer and only a spunbond layer was used.
- Example 17 As in Example 10, a non-woven fabric having only a spunbond layer having a weight per unit area of 18 g / m 2 , 1.8 dtex, having a spunbond non-woven fabric layer made of propylene resin, and having no meltblown layer was used. Next, processing was performed under the same conditions as in Comparative Example 13 to obtain a nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 17.
- Example 14 when the intensity ratio in the X direction (width direction, CD direction) is 50% or more, and “X” when the intensity ratio is less than 50%. 7 shows.
- the nonwoven fabric of Example 8 was a nonwoven fabric with excellent touch and little reduction in breaking strength. Specifically, it can be seen that the nonwoven fabric of Example 8 is greatly improved in touch as compared with the nonwoven fabric of Comparative Example 12. On the other hand, although the nonwoven fabric of the comparative example 13 has the soft touch compared with the nonwoven fabric of the comparative example 12, it turns out that the reduction
- the non-woven fabric of Example 9 was also a non-woven fabric with improved touch and little reduction in breaking strength, similar to the non-woven fabric of Example 8.
- the non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 15 was not significantly reduced in breaking strength as compared with the original non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 14, but the improvement in the touch was not seen, and only the non-woven fabric of Example 9 was the original.
- the touch was improved and the decrease in breaking strength was also suppressed.
- the non-woven fabric of Example 10 was also a non-woven fabric with improved touch and little reduction in breaking strength, similar to the non-woven fabric of Example 8.
- the non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 17 was not reduced in breaking strength as compared with the original non-woven fabric of Comparative Example 16, but the improvement of the touch was not seen, and only the non-woven fabric of Example 10 was compared with the original.
- the touch was improved and the decrease in breaking strength was also suppressed.
- the breaking strength is high, the whole feels plump and the touch is improved. Moreover, according to the nonwoven fabric of this invention, there are few loop-shaped fibers, it is hard to catch on skin and the touch improves.
- a non-woven fabric having a raised feel of the constituent fibers can be obtained, and a non-woven fabric with reduced decrease in the nonwoven fabric breaking strength of the obtained raised nonwoven fabric can be obtained.
- a nonwoven fabric in which constituent fibers are raised can be obtained, and the production speed is high and the cost can be suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
さらに特許文献3には、短繊維が接着剤により形成された植毛シートが記載されている。植毛シートの先端は太くなっておらず、繊維のカット面が露出しているため、先端が角張っていたりして肌触りに劣る場合がある。また、不織布に接着剤を用いて別の繊維を付着させているため、使用される接着剤等の薬剤により肌に悪影響を及ぼしたり、肌に刺激を与えたりする危険がある。さらに使用時植毛繊維のはがれ、接着面の露出などの問題もある。
不織布は、前記長繊維の一部が破断されて、一端部のみが前記熱融着部により固定され、且つ他端部側の自由端部が太くなっている繊維を備えている。
ここで、「長繊維」とは、30mm以上の繊維長を有するもので、繊維長150mm以上の所謂連続長繊維であると破断強度が高い不織布が得られる点で好ましい。
22℃65%RH環境下にて、不織布1又は元のスパンボンド不織布から、X方向(幅方向)に200mm、Y方向(長手方向)に50mmの寸法の長方形形状の測定片を切り出す。この切り出された長方形形状の測定片を測定サンプルとする。この測定サンプルを、X方向が引張方向となるように、引張試験機(例えば、オリエンテック社製テンシロン引張り試験機「RTA-100」)のチャックに取り付ける。チャック間距離は150mmとする。測定サンプルを300mm/分で引っ張り、サンプル破断までの最大荷重点をX方向の破断強度とする。また、Y方向に200mm、X方向に50mmの寸法の長方形形状の測定片を切り出し、これを測定サンプルとする。この測定サンプルを、そのY方向が引張方向となるように引張試験機のチャックに取り付ける。上述したX方向の破断強度の測定方法と同様の手順によってY方向の破断強度を求める。
従来、肌触りを表す特性値は多く知られており、特にカトーテック株式会社製のKESでの特性値が一般的に知られている(参考文献:風合い評価の標準化と解析(第2版)、著者 川端季雄、発行 昭和55年7月10日)。特にふっくら感を示すにはその中でも圧縮特性と呼ばれる三つの特性値のLC(圧縮荷重―圧縮ひずみ曲線の直線性)、WC(圧縮仕事量)、RC(圧縮レジリエンス)が知られている。これらの圧縮特性は荷重を0.5~50gf/cm2(高感度測定では0.5~10gf/cm2)かけたときの変形量から特性値を算出している。しかし目付けの小さい(5~25g/m2)不織布などの大変薄い布では大きな差が出ず、肌触りとの相関は大きくなかった。さらに人間が吸収性物品を触る際の荷重は1g/cm2前後と大変軽い荷重で肌触りを感じており、本来の肌触りを表すためには従来の荷重よりも小さい範囲での特性値が有用であると考え、荷重が0.3gf/cm2から1gf/cm2の間の荷重とそのときの変形量から新しい特性値を見出した。この特性値はスパンボンド不織布とエアスルー不織布との肌触りの違いを如実に表す数値として示され、スパンボンド不織布の肌触りを表す新しい特性値として不織布を表すことができる。
22℃65%RH環境下にて、本発明では微小荷重時の圧縮特性値を、肌触りを表す新しい特性値として定義している。測定は22℃65%RH環境下にて行った。微小荷重時の圧縮特性値の算出の元となるデータの測定はカトーテック株式会社製のKES FB3-AUTO-A(商品名)を用いた。不織布1を20cm×20cmに3枚カットして測定サンプルを準備する。次にそのうちの1枚の測定サンプルを試験台に起毛面を上に向けて設置する(起毛してない場合、または両面が起毛している場合は両方測定して小さいほうを採用する)。次に、面積2cm2の円形平面をもつ鋼板間で圧縮する。圧縮速度20μm/sec、最大圧縮荷重10gf/cm2、回復過程も同一速度で測定する。このとき、鋼板間の変位量をx(mm)とし、荷重をy(gf/cm2)とし、荷重を検知した点の位置をx=0として圧縮方向に測定する。xの値は圧縮されるほど大きくなる。
先ず、22℃65%RH環境下にて、図5(a)に示すように、測定する不織布1から、鋭利なかみそりで、X方向に2cm、Y方向に2cmの大きさの測定片を切り出して、図5(b)に示すように、複数個の熱融着部3を通るX方向に延びる折り返し線Zにて山折りした測定サンプルを、図5(c)に示すように、カーボンテープを載せた走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)用アルミ製試料台に載せて固定する。次に、およそ750倍に拡大したSEM画像から、一端部20aのみが熱融着部3により固定されている繊維20をランダムに10本選出し、それら繊維の自由端部の先端付近の写真撮影を行なう。得られた写真(図2参照)から、自由端部20bの先端から120μm離れた位置での繊維20の繊維径(自由端部20bを除く部位での繊維20の径21a)をそれぞれ測定する。自由端部20bを除く部位での繊維20の径21aの測定時における傾きを、そのまま自由端部20b側に平行移動し、自由端部20bの先端と先端から20μm離れた位置との間に挟まれた領域において最も太くなっている位置での繊維21の繊維径(自由端部20bでの繊維21の径21b)を測定する。尚、先端部が扁平状である場合は観察角度によっては先端が太く見えない場合もあるが、その場合でも得られた写真でそのまま測定する。
先端繊維径の増加割合(%)=[(21b-21a)÷21a)×100]・・・(1)
また、不織布1は、熱融着部3の周辺部において切断された繊維を含んでいる。不織布1の熱融着部3をランダムに選んで熱融着部3の周辺部(熱融着部3と長繊維2との境界から外側及び内側へ100μm以内の範囲、総計10mm2分)を電子顕微鏡で観察する。繊維が切断された跡(エンボス部の繊維が押し潰された形状と、押し潰されておらず繊維形状そのままの部分が非連続になっている部分)を数えた場合に、この繊維が切断された跡の数が多いと、極表面のみ起毛していることになり、起毛量の割には破断強度の高い不織布が得られる点で、3ヶ所以上切断された不織布であることが好ましく、さらには5ヶ所~15ヶ所切断された不織布であることが好ましい。
先ず、22℃65%RH環境下にて、測定する不織布1から、鋭利なかみそりで、X方向に2cm、Y方向に2cmの大きさの測定片を切り出して、カーボンテープを載せた走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)用アルミ製試料台に折り曲げずにそのまま載せて固定する。次に、およそ750倍に拡大したSEM画像から、ランダムに繊維を10本抽出し、自由端部20bを除く部位においてそれぞれの繊維径を測定する(尚、測定する不織布1が、スパンボンドの層とメルトブローンの層との積層不織布を元に形成されている場合には、メルトブローンの層の繊維は選ばず、スパンボンドの層の繊維のみを選択する。)。1つの前記アルミ製試料台で10本の繊維径を上述のように測定し、測定された10本の繊維径d1~d10から平均値daveを求め、得られた10本の繊維径d1~d10と平均値daveとから、下記の式(2)で、ランダムに選んだ10本の繊維の繊維径の分布を求める。測定単位はμmとし、0.1μmの分解能で計測する。10本の繊維の繊維径の分布を、1つの不織布1につき、6箇所前記アルミ製試料台を作成し、各箇所で得られた10本の繊維の繊維径の分布の平均値(下記の式(3)参照)を、不織布1における繊維径の分布とする。尚、10本の繊維の繊維径の分布の算出には、マイクロソフト社の表計算ソフトexcel2003におけるVARPA関数を使用する。
10本の繊維の繊維径の分布=[(d1-dave)2+(d2-dave)2+・・・(d10-dave)2)]/10・・・(2)
不織布1における繊維径の分布(分散度)=(上記式(2)で得られた10本の繊維の繊維径の分布の総和)/6・・・(3)
図6は、22℃65%RH環境下にて、不織布1を構成する繊維の中で起毛している繊維の本数を測定する方法を示した模式図である。先ず、測定する不織布から、鋭利なかみそりで、20cm×20cmの測定片を切り出し、図6(a)に示すように、測定片の起毛した面において山折りして測定サンプル104を形成する。次に、この測定サンプル104を、A4サイズの黒い台紙の上に載せ、図6(b)に示すように、さらにその上に、縦1cm×横1cmの穴107をあけたA4サイズの黒い台紙を載せる。このとき、図6(b)に示すように、測定サンプル104の折り目105が、上側の黒い台紙の穴107から見えるように配置する。両台紙には、富士共和製紙株式会社の「ケンラン(黒)連量265g」を用いた。その後、上側の台紙の穴107の両側それぞれから、折り目105に沿って外方に5cmはなれた位置に、50gのおもりをそれぞれ載せ、測定サンプル104が完全に折りたたまれた状態を作る。次に、図6(c)に示すように、マイクロスコープ(KEYENCE社製VHX-900)を用いて、30倍の倍率で、台紙の穴107内を観察し、測定サンプル104の折り目105から0.2mm上方に平行移動した位置に形成される仮想線108よりも上方に起毛している1cmあたりの起毛した繊維の本数を計測する。9箇所計測し、平均値(少数第二位を四捨五入)を起毛している繊維とする。
不織布1のバルクソフトネスは、22℃65%RH環境下にて、不織布1をMD方向に150mm、CD方向に30mm切り出し、直径45mmのリング状に、ホッチキスを用いて端部を上下2箇所で止める。このときステープラーの芯はMD方向に長くなるようにする。引張試験機(例えば、オリエンテック社製テンシロン引張り試験機「RTA-100」)を用いて、試料台の上に前記リングを筒状に立て、上方から台とほぼ平行な平板にて圧縮速度10mm/分の速度で圧縮していった際の最大荷重を測定し、CD方向のバルクスフトネスとする。次に、MD方向とCD方向を変えてリングを作製し、同様にMD方向のバルクソフトネスを測定する。MD方向及びCD方向それぞれ2本ずつリングを作製して測定し、これらのCD方向とMD方向の平均値を不織布1のバルクスフトネスとする。
柔軟剤を含むことにより、肌触りがよく、毛羽抜けが少なく、表面の肌摩擦も低く、破断強度も高く本発明において効果が特に高い。
柔軟剤は、段落〔0021〕に記載の前記ランダムコポリマーとの併用が、よりその効果を増す点で好ましく、起毛した繊維においてランダムコポリマーによるぬめり感が生じるのを、柔軟剤により低減させることができ、さらりとした肌触りのものが得られる点で特に好ましい。
本実施形態の不織布1には、図1に示すように、長繊維2の一部が破断されて、一端部20aのみが熱融着部3により固定されている繊維20が形成されている。このような繊維20が形成されているため、全体に不織布1にふっくら感を与えることができる。また、長繊維2の一部しか破断していないので、破断強度を、元のスパンボンド不織布と同様に、高く保つことができる。また、本実施形態の不織布1の繊維20は、図1に示すように、自由端部20bが太くなっている繊維21を含んでいる。自由端部20bが太くなっている繊維21を含んでいる為、自由端部20bがチクチクせず、肌に引っかかり難く、肌触りが良い。また、自由端部20bが太くなっている繊維21は、自由端部20b側が垂れ易く、滑らかになるので、肌触りが良い。
スパンボンド不織布やスパンボンド積層不織布は従来ふっくら感が少なく、エアスルー製法の不織布と比較して肌触りに劣る。上述した本実施形態の不織布1によれば、スパンボンドの層とメルトブローンの層との積層不織布がもつ和紙のような滑らかさに、ふっくらさを加えて肌触りを大きく向上することができる。
吸収性本体50は、図8に示すように、液透過性の表面シート70、液不透過性(撥水性も含む)の裏面シート80及び両シート70,80間に介在された液保持性の吸収体40を有しており、実質的に縦長である。
外包材60は、着用者の背側に配される背側部A、腹側に配される腹側部B、それらの間に位置し股間部に配される股下部Cを有しており、背側部Aと腹側部Bの両側縁部6a,6b同士が接合されて、一対のサイドシール部(図示せず)、一対のレッグ開口部(図示せず)及びウエスト開口部(図示せず)が形成される。また、外包材60は、おむつの外面を形成する外層シート62、その肌当接面側に位置して部分的に該外層シート62と接合された内層シート61を有しており、ウエスト開口部及びレッグ開口部を形成するウエスト部及びレッグ部6dにおける両シート61,62間に、ギャザー形成用のウエスト部弾性部材63及びレッグ部弾性部材64が配されている。
吸収性本体50の長手方向の両側部には、図7に示すように、液不透過性又は撥水性で且つ通気性の素材から構成された側方カフス55,55が設けられている。各側方カフス55の自由端部近傍には、側方カフス形成用の弾性部材56が伸長状態で配設固定されている。側方カフス55は、おむつの装着時に自由端部側が起立し、吸収性本体50の幅方向への排泄物の流出を阻止することができる。側方カフス55形成用シートは、図8に示すように、吸収性本体50の幅方向外方の所定幅の部分55aが、吸収体40の非肌当接面側に巻き込まれて、吸収体40と裏面シート80との間に固定されている。尚、所定幅の部分55aが、裏面シート30と外包材60との間に固定されていてもよい。
側方カフス形成用の弾性部材56、ウエスト部弾性部材63及びレッグ部弾性部材64としては、通常、使い捨ておむつ等の吸収性物品に用いられるもの等を、特に制限なく用いることができる。例えば、天然ゴム、ポリウレタン、ポリスチレン-ポリイソプレン共重合体、ポリスチレン-ポリブタジエン共重合体、アクリル酸エチル-エチレン等のポリエチレン-αオレフィン共重合体等からなる伸縮性の材料等を用いることができる。
不織布1を形成する元の不織布は、不織布(例えば、スパンボンド不織布)、積層不織布(例えば、スパンボンドの層とメルトブローンの層とを熱エンボスにより積層した不織布、不織布と未結合のウエブを積層し熱などにより接合したもの、の他に、30mm以上のステープル繊維をヒートロール等により熱圧着させたもの、もしくはエアースルー熱処理後にエンボス加工を施したもの、などが挙げられる。不織布を構成する繊維は単繊維、複合繊維(サイドバイサイド、芯鞘、偏芯繊維)、捲縮繊維、熱収縮繊維、熱伸張繊維、延伸により分割する繊維であってもよい。特に安価な点から、単繊維が好ましい。また上記不織布に、別の不織布やフィルムを、接着剤や熱により接合した複合不織布であってもよい。この場合、起毛加工は別の不織布やフィルムを張り合わせる前に行ってもよいし、後に行ってもよい。
また、起毛加工部5による起毛時において凸ロール51の回転方向が不織布の流れ方向(MD方向)に行なわれるため、繊維の配向度(MD/CD)は1.1~1.8、より好ましくは1.2~1.5であると、繊維が凸ロール51の凸部510に引っかかり易くなり起毛量が多いものが得られやすくなる点で好ましい。繊維の配向度はサンプルをMD方向に95mm、CD方向に95mm角に切り出し、マイクロ波式分子配向計MOA-6004(Oji Scientific Instruments社製)によりMOR値として測定される。繊維の配向度は、サンプル数5点の平均値とする。
尚、不織布に関しては、構成繊維の配向方向を見て、一般的に繊維の配向方向に沿う方向をMD方向又は長手方向、それと直交する方向をCD方向又は幅方向として、以下説明する。また、以下の説明では、MD方向(長手方向)の不織布を搬送する方向とロールを周方向に回転させることによりシートを搬送する方向とは同じ方向を意味し、不織布のCD方向(幅方向)とロール回転軸方向とは同じ方向を意味する。
図9~図12は、本発明の不織布の製造方法に用いられる加工装置(以下、単に加工装置ともいう。)の一実施形態を模式的に示したものである。
不織布のトータル延伸倍率 = {周方向(MD方向)の不織布の延伸倍率 × 不織布のMD方向の延伸面積率} + {回転軸方向(CD方向)の不織布の延伸倍率 × 不織布の回転軸方向(CD方向)の延伸面積率} +{未延伸部分(実質的に延伸されない部分を含む)の延伸倍率(1倍) × 不織布の未延伸の面積率}・・・(1)
本実施態様のような部分延伸加工ではなく、通常一般に行われている一軸延伸等の全体延伸の場合には、供給速度よりも平滑ロールの周速度の方が大きくなるため先ほどのV1/V2が1よりも小さくなり、例えば通常のスパンボンド不織布では1.3倍以上の不織布のトータル延伸倍率(一軸延伸ではV2/V1により求められる)があると不織布に破れ等が生じてしまう。そのため、不織布のトータル延伸倍率を上げることができないが、本実施態様においては、1.3倍以上の不織布のトータル延伸倍率があっても不織布に破れ等が生じ難い。
スパンボンド不織布を用いる場合、スパンボンド不織布の有するエンボスによる複数個の熱融着部は、各熱融着部の面積が、0.05~10mm2であることが好ましく、0.1~1mm2であることが更に好ましい。前記熱融着部の数は、10~250個/cm2であることが好ましく、35~65個/cm2であることが更に好ましい。前記熱融着部の形状は、特に制限されず、例えば、円形、菱形、三角形等の任意の形状であってもよい。スパンボンド不織布の一面の表面積に占める熱融着部の合計面積の割合は、5~30%であることが好ましく、10~20%であることが更に好ましい。
また、スパンボンド不織布は、単層のものでもよく、複数層積層されたものでもよい。
元のスパンボンド不織布又は加工後に得られるスパンボンド不織布を、X方向(幅方向、CD方向)に200mm、Y方向(長手方向、MD方向)に50mmの寸法の長方形形状の測定片を切り出す。この切り出された長方形形状の測定片を測定サンプルとする。この測定サンプルを、X方向が引張方向となるように、引張試験機(例えば、オリエンテック社製テンシロン引張り試験機「RTA-100」)のチャックに取り付ける。チャック間距離は150mmとする。測定サンプルを300mm/分で引っ張り、サンプル破断までの最大荷重点をX方向の破断強度とする。また、Y方向(長手方向、MD方向)に200mm、X方向(幅方向、CD方向)に50mmの寸法の長方形形状の測定片を切り出し、これを測定サンプルとする。この測定サンプルを、そのY方向が引張方向となるように引張試験機のチャックに取り付ける。上述したX方向の破断強度の測定方法と同様の手順によってY方向の破断強度を求める。
スパンボンド不織布を用いた場合に、スパンボンド不織布の表面から起毛した不織布の構成繊維が短い理由として、本発明者は、部分延伸加工部2のスチールマッチングエンボスローラー23によりスパンボンド不織布を延伸する際に、スパンボンド不織布の熱融着部に弱化点を形成し、その後、起毛加工部3の凸ロール31により表面を加工するため、弱化点の形成された熱融着部からスパンボンド不織布の構成繊維である連続長繊維が破断し、熱融着部から切断された繊維が形成されるためと推測している。
不織布は、肌触りが良くなる観点から、起毛している繊維が、8本/cm以上であることが好ましく、12本/cm以上であることが更に好ましい。また、十分な破断強度が得られる観点から上限は100本/cm以下、より好ましくは外観上、毛羽立って見えない点から40本/cm以下が好ましい。起毛している繊維は、以下の測定法により測定する。
図13は、起毛した構成繊維の本数を測定する方法を示した模式図である。サンプリングおよび測定環境は22℃65%RH環境下にて行う。先ず、測定する不織布から、鋭利なかみそりで、20cm×20cmの測定片を切り出し、図13(a)に示すように、測定片を起毛側が外向きになるように山折りして測定サンプル104を形成する。次に、この測定サンプル104を、A4サイズの黒い台紙の上に載せ、図13(b)に示すように、さらにその上に、縦1cm×横1cmの穴107をあけたA4サイズの黒い台紙を載せる。このとき、図13(b)に示すように、測定サンプル104の折り目105が、上側の黒い台紙の穴107から見えるように配置する。両台紙には、富士共和製紙株式会社の「ケンラン(黒)連量265g」を用いた。その後、上側の台紙の穴107の両側それぞれから、折り目105に沿って外方に5cmはなれた位置に、50gのおもりをそれぞれ載せ、測定サンプル104が完全に折りたたまれた状態を作る。次に、図13(c)に示すように、マイクロスコープ(KEYENCE社製VHX-900)を用いて、30倍の倍率で、台紙の穴107内を観察し、測定サンプル104の折り目105から0.2mm上方に平行移動した位置に形成される仮想線108よりも上方に起毛している起毛した繊維の本数を計測する。このとき測定する不織布において、起毛加工の施された部位の幅が1cm以上の場合は、起毛加工の施された部位を含むように、20cm×20cmの測定片を3片切り出して計測する。また、起毛加工の施された部位の幅が1cm以下の場合は、無作為に20cm×20cmの測定片を3片切り出して計測する。以上の操作を、測定する不織布に対して3枚分計測し、計9箇所の平均をとり、起毛した構成繊維の本数とする。
さらに、意匠性を持たせるため、ストライプ状に起毛したり、パターン的に模様をつけて部分的に起毛させることも好ましい。
繊維径14.7μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)を使用した(この状態の不織布を比較例5とする。)。次に、このSMS不織布を、図3に示すスチールマッチングエンボスローラー43に通し、図4に示す凸ロール51により表面加工し、二段階処理して不織布を得た。用いたスチールマッチングエンボスローラー43のロール41における各凸部410は、その高さが2.8mmであり、ロール41の各凸部410とロール42の各凹部420との噛み合いの深さは、2.7mmであった。また、回転軸方向に隣り合う凸部410同士の距離(ピッチ)は、7mmであり、周方向に隣り合う凸部410同士の距離(ピッチ)は、7mmであった。また、用いた凸ロール51の各凸部510の高さは、0.6mmであり、回転軸方向に隣り合う凸部510同士の距離(ピッチ)は、1.4mmであり、周方向に隣り合う凸部510同士の距離(ピッチ)は、2.1mmであった。不織布の搬送方向に対して、逆方向に4倍の速度で凸ロールを回転させた。抱き角は130度であった。それぞれの搬送速度は10m/分であった。
繊維径17.7μmのプロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)を使用した。次に、このSMS不織布を、実施例1と同様の条件で二段階処理して不織布を得た。
繊維径12.9μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SSMSともいう。このSSMS不織布の両面のスパンボンドの層には、柔軟剤を練りこんである。)を使用した。次に、このSSMS不織布を、実施例1と同様の条件で二段階処理して不織布を得た。
繊維径14.6μmのプロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量12g/m2(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMMSともいう)の不織布を使用した。次に、このSMMS不織布を、実施例1と同様の条件で二段階処理して不織布を得た。
繊維径14.9μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)の不織布を使用した。また、このSMSの不織布の片面のスパンボンドの層には柔軟剤を練りこんである。次に、このSMS不織布の柔軟剤を練りこんだ層側を、実施例1と同様の条件で二段階処理して不織布を得た。
繊維径15.0μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2(スパンボンド-スパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SSSともいう)の不織布を使用した。また、このSSSの不織布には柔軟剤を練りこんである。次に、このSSS不織布を、実施例1と同様の条件で二段階処理して不織布を得た。
繊維径14.9μmのプロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2(スパンボンド-スパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SSSともいう)の不織布を使用した。次に、このSSS不織布を、実施例1と同様の条件で二段階処理して不織布を得た。
実施例1と同様に、繊維径14.7μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)を使用した。次に、このSMS不織布に、ニードルパンチ処理を再現するために先の尖ったピンセット(TWEEZERS製、ピンセットK-14)を用いて、5cm×5cmのSMS不織布の上面側から表面の繊維を先の尖った部分で不織布表面の繊維を引っ掛けて引っ張り上げることにより、かかった繊維を引きちぎる操作を30回行うことにより表面の繊維が浮いた不織布を得た。
実施例1と同様に、繊維径14.7μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)を使用した。次に、このSMS不織布に、カット処理を施して、不織布を得た。用いたカット方法は、液体窒素に5分浸し凍らせたスパンボンド不織布をカミソリで切断することで得た。
実施例1と同様に、繊維径14.7μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)を使用した。次に、トラスコ中山(株)製サンドペーパー粒度♯240を110φのロール全周に両面テープにより接着し、そのロールの全周360度の内、8.5度接触する状態で抱きかけ、このSMS不織布を10m/minで流した。その際サンドペーパーを接着したロールは50m/minで進行方向とは逆回転に回転させ、繊維を破断させた不織布を得た。
実施例1に用いた、繊維径14.7μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMS)を使用した。特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
実施例2に用いた、繊維径17.7μmのプロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)を使用した。次に、このSMS不織布に、ニードルパンチ処理を再現するために尖ったピンセット(TWEEZERS製、ピンセットK-14)を用いて、5cm×5cmのSMS不織布の上面側から表面の繊維を先の尖った部分で不織布表面の繊維を引っ掛けて引っ張り上げることにより、かかった繊維を引きちぎる操作を30回行うことにより表面の繊維が浮いた不織布を得た。
〔比較例6〕
実施例2に用いた、繊維径17.7μmのプロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量15g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)を使用した。特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
実施例3に用いた、繊維径12.9μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2の不織布(スパンボンド-スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SSMSともいう。このSSMS不織布の両面のスパンボンド層には、柔軟剤を練りこんである。)を使用した。特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
実施例4に用いた、繊維径14.6μmのプロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量12g/m2(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMMSともいう)の不織布を使用した。特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
実施例5に用いた、繊維径14.9μmのプロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2(スパンボンド-メルトブローン-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SMSともいう)の不織布を使用した。またこのSMSの不織布の片面のスパンボンドの層には柔軟剤を練りこんである。特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
実施例6に用いた、繊維径15.0μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2(スパンボンド-スパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SSSともいう)の不織布を使用した。またこのSSSの不織布には柔軟剤を練りこんである。特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
実施例7に用いた、繊維径14.9μmのエチレンプロピレン共重合樹脂からなるスパンボンドの層を有する、坪量18g/m2(スパンボンド-スパンボンド-スパンボンド積層不織布、以下SSSともいう)の不織布を使用した。特に起毛加工は行わなかった。
実施例1~7、比較例1~3、比較例5で得られた不織布について、上述した繊維径の測定法により繊維径を測定し、先端繊維径の増加割合を求め、求められた先端繊維径の増加割合が15%以上の場合に○とし、15%未満の場合に×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
また、実施例1~7、比較例1~3、比較例5で得られた不織布について、上述した繊維径の測定法により、一端部20aのみが熱融着部3により固定されている繊維20(自由端部20bが太くなっている繊維21及び自由端部20bが太くなっていない繊維22)における、自由端部20bが太くなっている繊維21の割合を求め、求められた太くなっている繊維21の割合が20%以上の場合に○とし、20%未満の場合に×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
また、実施例1~7、比較例1~3、比較例5で得られた不織布について、上述した繊維径の測定法により、不織布を構成する繊維(一端部20aのみが熱融着部3により固定されている繊維20(自由端部20bが太くなっている繊維21及び自由端部20bが太くなっていない繊維22)及びループ状の繊維23)における、ループ状の繊維23の割合を求め、求められたループ状の繊維23の割合が50%より少ない場合に○とし、50%以上である場合に×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
また、実施例1~7、比較例1~11で得られた不織布について、上述した繊維径の分布の測定法により、不織布における繊維径の分布を求め、求められた繊維径の分布が0.33以上の場合に○とし、0.33未満である場合に×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
実施例1~7、比較例1~3、比較例5~11で得られた不織布について、比較例4の不織布を基準(3点)としたときの10段階の(10点に近づく程よりよい肌触り)官能評価を行い、各不織布について3枚の平均値を、整数桁に四捨五入して求め、実施例1~7、比較例1~3、比較例5で得られた不織布それぞれが、各々の未処理の不織布に対して(実施例1と比較例5、実施例2と比較例6、比較例5と比較例6、実施例3と比較例7、実施例4と比較例8、実施例5と比較例9、実施例6と比較例10、実施例7と比較例11、比較例1~4と比較例5)、求められた官能評価の平均値が向上していれば○とし、平均値が変わらないものは×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
実施例1~7、比較例1~11で得られた不織布について、上述した破断強度の測定法により、X方向(幅方向)に200mm、Y方向(長手方向)に50mmの測定サンプルを取り出し、チャック間を150mmにした引張試験機(島津製作所製)で、引張速度300mm/分で引っ張り、X方向(幅方向)の強度を測定し、4枚の平均値をX方向(幅方向)の強度とした。次に、実施例1~7、比較例1~3、比較例5で得られた不織布の起毛加工前の元の不織布(例えば、実施例1においては比較例5)のX方向(幅方向)の強度を測定し、実施例1~7、比較例1~3、比較例5で得られた不織布と、起毛加工前の元の不織布との破断強度の比を求め、求められた比が50%以上の場合を○、50%未満の場合を×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
実施例1~7、比較例1~11で得られた不織布について、X方向(幅方向)に200mm、Y方向(縦方向)に200mmの試験片を取り出し、この試験片の一方の面を評価面として評価した。具体的には、この評価面を上にして、試験片の四辺をガムテープでプレートに固定した。スポンジ(モルトプレンMF-30)を巻き付けた摩擦板を試験片上にセットした。スポンジの荷重は240gであった。正回転3回、逆回転3回を1セットとして摩擦板を回転させた。これを15セット行った。1回転は3秒の速度とした。その後、前記回転によってスポンジに付着したすべての繊維を透明な粘着テープに付着させた。この粘着テープを黒台紙に貼った。試験片の表面状態と粘着テープに付着した繊維から、毛羽抜けの度合いを、以下の基準に従って目視にて評価した。得られた結果を表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
○:試験片に毛羽や毛玉がほとんどない。粘着テープに繊維の付着がほとんどない。
△:試験片に毛羽又は毛玉が認められるが、粘着テープに繊維のかたまり状のものはない。
×:試験片に毛羽又は毛玉が認められ、粘着テープに繊維のかたまり状のものが多く認められる。
また、実施例1~7、比較例1~11で得られた不織布について、上述した起毛している繊維の測定法により、起毛している繊維の本数を求め、求められた繊維の本数が8本/cm以上の場合に○とし、8本/cmより少ない場合に×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
また、実施例1~7、比較例1~11で得られた不織布について、上述した起毛している繊維の高さの測定法により、起毛している繊維の高さを求め、求められた繊維の高さが1.5mm以下の場合に○とし、1.5mmより高い場合に×として表1,表2,表3,表4に示した。
エチレン-プロピレンコポリマー樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け15g/m2、1.3dtex、熱圧着部(エンボスによる熱融着部)の面積率15%のSMS不織布を用いた。図9~図12に示した前述の加工方法により起毛加工を施した実施例8の不織布を得た。用いたスチールマッチングエンボスローラー23のロールにおける各凸部210は、その高さが2.8mmであり、ロール21の各凸部210とロール22の各凸部との噛み合いの深さDは、2.7mmであった。また、機械延伸倍率は2.9倍であり、回転軸方向に隣り合う凸部210同士の距離(ピッチP2)は、7mmであり、周方向に隣り合う凸部210同士の距離(ピッチP1)は、7mmであった。スチールマッチエンボスのロールの周速度V2は20m/minであり、不織布の搬送速度V1は26m/minであった。また、起毛に用いた凸ロール31の各凸部310の高さは、0.6mmであり、回転軸方向に隣り合う凸部同士の距離(ピッチ)は、1.4mmであり、周方向に隣り合う凸部同士の距離(ピッチ)は、2.1mmであった。不織布の搬送速度V3は20m/minであり、不織布の搬送方向に対して逆方向に4倍の周速度V4で凸ロール31を回転させた。抱き角は130度であった。実施例8においては、片面のみ起毛した。不織布のトータル延伸倍率は1.7倍であった。不織布の熱圧着部のピッチと、凹凸ロールの凸部のピッチとの比(不織布の熱圧着部のピッチ/凸部のピッチ)はMD方向(ロール周方向)が0.43、CD方向(ロール回転軸方向)が0.37で行った。不織布の熱圧着部の面積率と不織布のトータル延伸倍率の比は、0.088であった。
プロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け13g/m2、繊維径15.9μm、熱圧着部(エンボスによる熱融着部)の面積率13%のSMS不織布を用いた。実施例8と同じ条件の加工を施し、実施例9の不織布を得た。不織布のトータル延伸倍率は1.7倍であった。不織布の熱圧着部のピッチと、凹凸ロールの凸部のピッチとの比(不織布の熱圧着部のピッチ/凸部のピッチ)はMD方向(ロール周方向)が0.41、CD方向(ロール回転軸方向)が0.24で行った。不織布の熱圧着部の面積率と不織布のトータル延伸倍率の比は、0.076であった。
プロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け18g/m2、1.8dtex、熱圧着部(エンボスによる熱融着部)の面積率12%の、メルトブローン層のない、スパンボンド層のみの不織布を用いた。実施例8と同じ条件の加工を施し、実施例10の不織布を得た。不織布のトータル延伸倍率は1.7倍であった。不織布の熱圧着部のピッチと、凹凸ロールの凸部のピッチとの比(不織布の熱圧着部のピッチ/凸部のピッチ)はMD方向(ロール周方向)が0.3、CD方向(ロール回転軸方向)が0.3で行った。不織布の熱圧着部の面積率と不織布のトータル延伸倍率の比は、0.071であった。
実施例8と同じく、エチレン-プロピレンコポリマー樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け15g/m2、1.3dtexのSMS不織布を用いた。実施例8と同様にスチールマッチングエンボスローラーによる加工をおこなった。不織布のトータル延伸倍率は1.7倍であった。不織布の熱圧着部のピッチと、凹凸ロールの凸部のピッチとの比(不織布の熱圧着部のピッチ/凸部のピッチ)はMD方向(ロール周方向)が0.43、CD方向(ロール回転軸方向)が0.37で行った。不織布の熱圧着部の面積率と不織布のトータル延伸倍率の比は、0.088であった。その後、起毛には突起高さが最大約0.07mm、突起の密度が約2000個/cm2の凸ロールを用いた。不織布の搬送速度V3は20m/minであり、不織布の搬送方向に対して逆方向に4倍の周速度V4で凸ロール31を回転させた。抱き角は60度であった。実施例11においても、片面のみ起毛した。
実施例8と同じく、エチレン-プロピレンコポリマー樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け15g/m2、1.3dtexのSMS不織布を、比較例12の不織布とした。
実施例8と同じく、エチレン-プロピレンコポリマー樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け15g/m2、1.3dtexのSMS不織布を用いた。次に、トラスコ中山(株)製サンドペーパー粒度♯240を110φのロール全周に両面テープにより接着、そのロールの全周360度の内、8.5度接触する状態で抱きかけ、このSMS不織布を10m/minで流した。その際サンドペーパーを接着したロールは40m/minで進行方向とは逆回転に回転させて起毛した比較例13の不織布を得た。
実施例9と同じく、プロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け13g/m2、繊維径15.9μmのSMS不織布を、比較例14の不織布とした。
実施例9と同じく、プロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け13g/m2、繊維径15.9μmのSMS不織布を用いた。次に、比較例13と同じ条件の加工を施し、比較例15の不織布を得た。
実施例10と同じく、プロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け18g/m2、1.8dtexの、メルトブローン層のない、スパンボンド層のみの不織布を、比較例16の不織布とした。
実施例10と同じく、プロピレン樹脂からなるスパンボンド不織布の層を有する、目付け18g/m2、1.8dtexの、メルトブローン層のない、スパンボンド層のみの不織布を用いた。次に、比較例13と同じ条件の加工を施し、比較例17の不織布を得た。
〔肌触りの官能評価〕
実施例8~11、比較例12~16で得られた不織布について、比較例12の不織布を基準(3点)としたときの10段階の(10点に近づく程よりよい肌触り)官能評価を行い、各不織布について3枚の平均値を、整数桁に四捨五入して求め、実施例8~11、比較例12~16で得られた不織布それぞれが、各々の未処理の不織布に対して(実施例8と比較例12、実施例9と比較例14、実施例10と比較例16、比較例13と比較例12、比較例15と比較例14、比較例17と比較例16)、求められた官能評価の平均値が向上していれば○とし、平均値が変わらないものは×として表5,表6,表7に示した。
実施例8~11、比較例12~16で得られた不織布について、前述した起毛した構成繊維の本数の測定方法により、起毛した構成繊維の本数を測定した。起毛した構成繊維の本数が10本以上の場合に○とし、20本以上の場合に◎とし、10本未満の場合に×として表5,表6,表7に示した。
実施例8~11、比較例12~16で得られた不織布について、前述した破断強度の測定法により、X方向(幅方向、CD方向)に200mm、Y方向(長手方向、MD方向)に50mmの測定サンプルを取り出し、チャック間を150mmにした引張試験機(島津製作所製)で、引張速度300mm/分で引っ張り、X方向(幅方向、CD方向)の強度を測定し、4枚の平均値をX方向(幅方向、CD方向)の強度とした。次に、各々の未処理の不織布に対して(実施例8と比較例12、実施例9と比較例14、実施例10と比較例16、比較例13と比較例12、比較例15と比較例14、比較例17と比較例16)、X方向(幅方向、CD方向)の強度の比が50%以上の場合に○とし、50%未満の場合に×として表5,表6,表7に示した。
Claims (24)
- 長繊維からなるウェブを熱融着部により固定した不織布であって、前記長繊維の一部が破断されて、一端部のみが前記熱融着部により固定され、且つ他端部側の自由端部が太くなっている繊維を備えている不織布。
- 自由端部が太くなっている前記繊維は、その先端繊維径の増加割合が15%以上である請求の範囲第1項記載の不織布。
- 一端部のみが前記熱融着部により固定されている繊維における、自由端部が太くなっている前記繊維の割合が20%以上である請求の範囲第1項又は第2項記載の不織布。
- 前記熱融着部の間でループ状に起立するループ状の繊維を有し、該ループ状の繊維及び一端部のみが前記熱融着部により固定されている繊維の総数における、該ループ状の繊維の割合が50%より少ない請求の範囲第1項乃至第3項の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布を構成する繊維の繊維径の分散度が0.33~100である請求の範囲第1項乃至第4項の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布は、スパンボンド不織布、又はスパンボンドの層とメルトブローンの層との積層不織布を元に形成されている請求の範囲第1項乃至第5項の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記スパンボンド不織布、又はスパンボンドの層とメルトブローンの層との前記積層不織布は、エチレンプロピレン共重合体樹脂を5%以上、または再生ポリプロピレン樹脂を25重量%以上含んだポリプロピレン樹脂からなる請求の範囲第6項記載の不織布。
- 前記スパンボンド不織布が柔軟剤を含むものである請求の範囲第6項又は第7項記載の不織布。
- 前記不織布は、スパンボンドの層とメルトブローンの層との前記積層不織布を元に形成されており、該積層不織布の該スパンボンドの層は、複数層からなり、
前記長繊維の一部が破断されて、一端部のみが前記熱融着部により固定され、且つ他端部側の自由端部が太くなっている繊維を備えているスパンボンドの層が柔軟剤を含むものである請求の範囲第6項又は第7項記載の不織布。 - 微小荷重時の圧縮特性値が18.0(gf/cm2)/mm以下であり、CD方向の破断強度の値が5.00N/5cm以上であり、目付けが5~25g/m2である請求の範囲第1項乃至第9項の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 起毛している繊維の平均繊維径が、同じ面の起毛していない部位の表面繊維の平均繊維径より小さい、請求の範囲第1項乃至第10項の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 起毛している繊維が8本/cm以上であり、且つ起毛している繊維の高さが1.5mm以下である請求の範囲第1項乃至第11項の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- 前記長繊維の一部の破断は、前記熱融着部の周辺部である請求の範囲第1項乃至第12項の何れか1項に記載の不織布。
- スパンボンド不織布、又はスパンボンドの層とメルトブローンの層との積層不織布を元に形成された不織布であって、
微小荷重時の圧縮特性値が18.0(gf/cm2)/mm以下であり、CD方向の破断強度の値が5.00N/5cm以上であり、目付けが5~25g/m2である不織布。 - 請求の範囲第1項乃至第14項の何れか1項に記載の不織布を構成部材として用いた吸収性物品。
- 50℃以下の温度で不織布の複数箇所それぞれに部分延伸加工を施し、該部分延伸加工の施された不織布に該不織布の構成繊維を起毛する起毛加工を施す不織布の製造方法。
- 前記部分延伸加工は、前記不織布の前記複数箇所それぞれを機械延伸倍率1.05~20倍に延伸する請求の範囲第16項に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記部分延伸加工によって前記不織布の前記複数箇所それぞれに搬送方向及び搬送方向に直交する方向に延伸加工を施す請求の範囲第16項又は第17項記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記部分延伸加工は、一対の凹凸ロールを用いて行い、
一方のロールが周面に複数個の凸部を有し、他方のロールが周面に一方の前記ロールの前記凸部に対応する位置に該凸部が入り込む凹部を有しており、
前記不織布を一対の前記凹凸ロール間に供給し、該不織布に前記部分延伸加工を施す請求の範囲第16項乃至第18項の何れか1項に記載の不織布の製造方法。 - 一対の前記凹凸ロールは、供給された前記不織布の総面積に対し10%~80%の部分に前記部分延伸加工を施す請求の範囲第19項記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記不織布を一対の前記凹凸ロール間に供給する際の供給速度V1と一対の前記凹凸ロールの周速度V2との関係を、V1>V2とした請求の範囲第19項記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 前記起毛加工は、周面に複数個の凸部を有する凸ロールを用いて行い、
前記凸ロールの回転方向を前記不織布の搬送方向に対して逆方向に回転させ、
前記部分延伸加工の施された不織布の搬送速度V3と前記凸ロールの周速度V4との関係を、V4/V3=0.3~10とした請求の範囲第16項乃至第21項の何れか1項に記載の不織布の製造方法。 - 前記不織布のトータル延伸倍率が、1.3~4.0倍である請求の範囲第16項乃至第22項の何れか1項に記載の不織布の製造方法。
- 元の前記不織布は、平面方向に規則的に分散する熱圧着部を備え、
前記熱圧着部のピッチと一対の前記凹凸ロールの前記凸部のピッチとの比(熱圧着部のピッチ/凸部のピッチ)が0.05~0.7である請求の範囲第16項乃至第23項の何れか1項に記載の不織布の製造方法。
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| CN201180042544.9A CN103080399B (zh) | 2010-09-30 | 2011-05-26 | 无纺布和无纺布的制造方法 |
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| WO2014097840A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | 花王株式会社 | 不織布 |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5514948B1 (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-04 | 花王株式会社 | 不織布及びその製造方法 |
| WO2014097839A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | 花王株式会社 | 不織布及びその製造方法 |
| WO2014097840A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | 花王株式会社 | 不織布 |
| WO2014097838A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | 花王株式会社 | 不織布 |
| JP2014139359A (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-07-31 | Kao Corp | 不織布 |
| JP2014139357A (ja) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-07-31 | Kao Corp | 不織布 |
| CN104334784A (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-02-04 | 花王株式会社 | 无纺布 |
| RU2558905C1 (ru) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-08-10 | Као Корпорейшн | Нетканый материал и способ его изготовления |
| RU2569775C1 (ru) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-11-27 | Као Корпорейшн | Нетканый материал |
| RU2575448C1 (ru) * | 2012-12-19 | 2016-02-20 | Као Корпорейшн | Нетканое полотно |
| CN104334784B (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2016-04-20 | 花王株式会社 | 无纺布 |
| JP2015101817A (ja) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-04 | 花王株式会社 | 不織布及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103080399A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
| MY182143A (en) | 2021-01-18 |
| EP2623657A4 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
| KR20130137619A (ko) | 2013-12-17 |
| TW201224239A (en) | 2012-06-16 |
| SG188511A1 (en) | 2013-05-31 |
| EA201390431A1 (ru) | 2013-07-30 |
| CN103080399B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
| EP2623657A1 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
| KR101798140B1 (ko) | 2017-11-15 |
| EA025743B1 (ru) | 2017-01-30 |
| TWI456096B (zh) | 2014-10-11 |
| EP2623657B1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
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