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WO2014064519A2 - Nouvelle composition de matériau à changement de phase utilisable au four à micro-ondes - Google Patents

Nouvelle composition de matériau à changement de phase utilisable au four à micro-ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014064519A2
WO2014064519A2 PCT/IB2013/002424 IB2013002424W WO2014064519A2 WO 2014064519 A2 WO2014064519 A2 WO 2014064519A2 IB 2013002424 W IB2013002424 W IB 2013002424W WO 2014064519 A2 WO2014064519 A2 WO 2014064519A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase change
change material
pcm
microwavable
susceptor
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2013/002424
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English (en)
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WO2014064519A3 (fr
WO2014064519A4 (fr
Inventor
Samit JAIN
Anil Kumar MEHTA
Devendra JAIN
Suman KUMARI
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Priority to US14/438,628 priority Critical patent/US9765201B2/en
Publication of WO2014064519A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014064519A2/fr
Publication of WO2014064519A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014064519A3/fr
Publication of WO2014064519A4 publication Critical patent/WO2014064519A4/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
    • C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and products thereof. Particularly, the present invention relates to the field of microwave heating, use of microwave susceptor for providing heat to Phase Change Material (PCM) and a new composition of a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Phase Change Material is suitable for storing thermal energy in the form of latent heat. Microwave energy is changed to heat as soon as it is absorbed by a microwave susceptor.
  • Every microwave oven contains a magnetron, a tube in which electrons are affected by magnetic and electric field in such a way as' to produce micro wavelength radiation at about 2.45GHz.
  • the oven has a power input of about 1000 watts of alternating current.
  • these microwaves generated from magnetron bombard the PCM, they cause the polar molecules to rotate at the same frequency millions of times a second. This agitation creates molecular friction, which heats up the PCM.
  • US Patent No. 5070223 discloses an article of apparel in which microwave sensitive material is present in only one portion. The overheating generated at this portion heats the whole article.
  • US Patent application No. 1 1 /51 1 775 describes the use of carbon black as conductive particulate material in nano scale. Our invention does not require carbon black in such a minute particle size.
  • US Patent No. 5310977 demonstrates a metalized film susceptor with aluminum metal layer patterned to form a film which produces too much heat locally.
  • US Patent No. 5630961 discloses a microwavable thermal storage composition which is free flowing powder. However this patent does not tell about cycling stability of Phase Change Material (PCM). It also does not tell whether it remains in free flowing powder form after one melting and freezing cycle or not.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • US Patent No. 4962000 discloses a composite with two microwave absorbing zones which are being separated by a microwave transparent layer with a pressure sensitive adhesive. This also discloses that composite is incapable of arcing but doesn't mention anything about overheating.
  • US Patent application No. 1 1 /906730 discloses a phase transition golf ball in which a portion of golf ball comprising microwave susceptor is heated more rapidly to a higher temperature in comparison with a portion of golf ball that does not contain microwave susceptor. This shows that susceptor is accumulated at one point to heat the whole article.
  • PCM phase Change Material
  • Microwavable hot or cold packs which are commercially available are water based and in liquid phase. Phase transition does not occur after microwave heating. It remains in only liquid state. Thus only sensible heat is used for heating application which is 2-3 times less than Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Phase Change Material takes only 2-3 minutes time depending on quantity for melting/charging in 1000 watt domestic microwave. For example if we take l OOgrams of microwavable Phase Change Material (PC1V ), on exposing to microwave irradiation in domestic microwave overimg, it melts in just 30sec to 60sec time duration.
  • PC1V microwavable Phase Change Material
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product, wherein it prevents agglomeration of the susceptor.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product, wherein there will be uniform heating and discharging because of no agglomeration or sedimentation of susceptor, thus no Phase Change Material (PCM) degradation.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product, wherein uniform distribution of susceptor means lower amount can be used. Thus latent heat of resultant Phase Change Material (PCM) is high.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product, wherein no change in workability/efficiency of PCM occurs, even after several charging and discharging cycles.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product, wherein Phase Change Material (PCM) takes only 2-3 minutes time for melting/charging in a 1 000 watt domestic microwave.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product, wherein microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) does not generate any spark or arc or local overheating.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • the present invention provides a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and product thereof, particularly relates to the field of microwave heating and use of microwave susceptor for providing heat to Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • the susceptor is a substance for converting microwave energy to heat, that in turn heats another substance.
  • Microwave susceptor is at first uniformly mixed with some binding agent. Then this composite is incorporated in a Phase Change Material (PCM). This susceptor composite initiates uniform melting of Phase Change Material (PCM) when exposed to microwave irradiation.
  • This microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) is free of sparking, arcing and local overheating.
  • the microwavable Phase Change Material comprises 30% to 99.9% by weight of a Phase Change Material (PCM) or mixture of a Phase Change Material (PCM) and polymer, and 0.1 % to 70% by weight of a composite material comprising a microwave susceptor and a binding agent.
  • clay is used as a binding agent and a slow susceptor in the composite.
  • Figure 1 shows a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) in solid state
  • Figure 2 shows a microwaved and uniformly heated microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) and illustrates a thermally conductive Phase Change Material (PCM); and
  • Figure 3 shows a microwaved Phase Change Material (PCM) with patches of hot spots, wherein mid portions remain solid even after 1 minute of mierowaving in 800W oven.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • the present invention discloses a microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) comprising a composite material formed from a microwave susceptor and a binding agent.
  • the microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) further comprises a Phase Change Material or a mixture of a polymer and a Phase Change Material.
  • the composite material comprises 0. 1 % to 70% of the weight of the microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • Clay is used as a binding agent in the composite material.
  • the material for the microwave susceptor is selected from the group consisting of metals, semiconductors, non-metals or their mixture; preferably graphite or carbon black and has a particle size between 20nm to l mm. In certain embodiments the microwave susceptor has a particle size ranging from 1 0 microns to 1 00 microns.
  • the composite material imparts microwave heating capability and thermal conductivity to the Phase Change Material. Moreover the clay in the composite prevents the agglomeration and provides shear during uniform mixing with Phase Change Material.
  • the Phase Change Material is selected from the group comprising organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, eutectic chemicals preferably organic, and eutectic chemicals and their mixture.
  • the Phase Change Material (PCM) comprises 30% to 99.9% of the weight of the microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • a mixture of polymer and Phase Change Material (PCM) is used.
  • the microwavable Phase Change Material further comprises a thermally conductive material which provides uniform heating, and uniform discharging of the said material. Moreover the thermally conductive material removes arcing, sparking and overheating during microwaving. Also the microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) has a high latent heat storage capacity.
  • This microwavable Phase Change Material can be molded and cast into pellet form, cubical form, spherical form, sheet form and various other shapes and sizes.
  • the microwavable Phase Change Material can be used in table ware items, hot plates, food warmers medical wraps, and any heating application material.
  • the present invention discloses a process for preparing improved Phase Change Material (PCM) which can be heated in a domestic microwave oven.
  • the microwave susceptor preferably carbon black
  • the microwave susceptor is at first combined with inert clays, binding agent or other similar material. 10% to 90% by weight of carbon black is added to inert clay composite.
  • Inert clay has high temperature resistance.
  • This composite is mixed uniformly with the use of water and/or adhesive, glue or such material. It is then left over for drying. On drying it becomes hard and tough. Uniformity of carbon black can be seen in this microwave susceptor composite.
  • the dried carbon inert clay composite can be converted into granular form. This composite prevents carbon particles from agglomeration when placed in a microwave oven. These shapes may be spherical or any other irregular shape.
  • This compounded microwave susceptor does not agglomerate on mixing & microwave heating of Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • the microwave susceptor has a particle size of about 20nm to 1 mm.
  • the microwave susceptor can be carbon black or other microwave sensitive material such as metallized plastic film, ceramics, aluminum flakes, silicon carbide, aluminum metallized polyester(PET) sheet, glycerine, rubber latex, carbon, graphite, polyurethane with fine powder of carbon, graphite, water molecule, suitable hydrated crystals of aluminum nitrate, calcium acetate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, chromium nitrate, copper nitrate, iron chloride, magnesium chlorate, potassium fluoride, potassium phosphate, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, sodium chlorite, sodium phosphate, sodium chromate, ferrite, soft ferrite, ferrite alloys including nickel ferrite and magnesium ferrite, magnetite, lithium ferrite, carbonyl iron, iron steel, iron oxide, ferric oxide, carbons including amorphous carbon, graphite in the form of particles, fibers or filaments, carbon chunks, charcoal, activated
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Clay is slow microwave susceptor. It generates heat during Phase Change Material (PCM) m icrowaving and thus reduces the microwaving time of the Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • one or more types of clay are selected from the group comprising of china clay, fired brick clay, bentonite clay, organo clay, fuller's earth, montmorillonite clay and attapulgite clay.
  • the fired brick clay powder includes byproduct of brick kiln or other sintered or fired clay products.
  • this susceptor-clay composite is dispersed uniformly in a Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • 0.1 %- 70% by weight of microwave susceptor and clay are added to the Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • This addition of microwave susceptor and clay imparts microwave heating capability and thermal conductivity to the Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • incorpororation of this susceptor clay composite can be done in two ways:-
  • this composite m icrowave susceptor is uniform ly m ixed with a Phase Change Material (PCM) or a Form Stable Phase Change Material (FSPCM), and added or suspended during preparation of the Form Stable Phase Change Material (FSPCM).
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • FSPCM Form Stable Phase Change Material
  • FSPCM microwavable Form Stable Phase Change Material
  • a method of using the compounded microwave susceptor in the present invention includes the use of screens made of plastic or textile fiber/fabric that are inert to Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • One example of fabric is polyester in the form of a grid.
  • the final product thus obtained by the addition on susceptor-clay composite to the PCM consists of 30% - 99.9% by weight of the Phase Change Material (PCM).
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • the addition of susceptor composite initiates uniform melting of Phase Change Material (PCM) when exposed to microwave irradiation.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • the absorption of microwaves by a material results in the microwaves giving up their energy to the material. This transfer of energy causes the temperature of the material to rise.
  • the microwavable phase change material has high thermal conductivity, which initiates uniform melting even when Phase Change Material (PCM) is exposed to non-uniform microwave irradiation.
  • the susceptor composite granules can also be dispersed in clay/porous material or foam or fibers or fabrics or Phase Change Material (PCM) such that it could not agglomerate.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • the invention is useful for applications such as jackets for heating applications, article of apparel, food warmer, hot wrap, medical wrap and various other heating applications.
  • Phase Change Material (PCM) used for preparing microwavable thermal storage material include paraffin, organic substance, inorganic substance, fatty acid, wax and eutectic m ixture.
  • the technological challenge of the present invention is not just to expose the Phase Change Material (PCM) to a higher temperature, but to control the temperature so that the Phase Change Material (PCM) will uniformly melt without charring, arcing and overheating.
  • the present invention shows a great potential in al l these areas.
  • Optimum m icrowaving time in a specific microwave oven depends on the following:
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Thermal conductivity is the property of a material's ability to conduct heat. Every microwave oven contains a magnetron, a tube in which electrons are affected by magnetic and electric field in such a way as to produce micro wavelength radiation at about 2.45GHz. As these microwaves generated from magnetron bombard the Phase Change Material (PCM), they cause the polar molecules to rotate at the same frequency. As this agitation of the polar molecules creates molecular friction, the Phase Change Material (PCM) gets heated up.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • the thermally conductive materials With the thermally conductive materials, the heat instantly gets transmitted to adjacent Phase Change Material particles. Moreover the thermal conductive material removes sparking or over heating during microwaving and provides uniform heating and uniform discharging of the said material.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • one or more thermal conductive materials may be selected from the group comprising of graphite powder, graphene, metallic oxide powder, aluminum, brass, cadmium, carbon graphite, carbon fibers, copper, gold, diamond, iron, nickel, platinum, quartz, silver, tin, some conductive polymers such as melamine, polyanilines, polypyrrols, polythiophenes, carbon fibers or any other conductive materials which are available in prior art.
  • the material may be a good microwavable susceptor as well as good heat conductor. Any additives add extra properties to microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) but also compromise with the latent heat of Phase Change Material.
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • PCM Phase Change Material
  • Example 3 A procedure of preparing microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) is illustrated here. 150 grams of Reinforced Form Stable 65 Phase Change Material (RFS65PCM) at 1 10°C was taken in a stainless steel container. In this 7.5g of expanded graphite powder was added and mixed with a stirrer. The mixture was cast in the form of a rectangular sheet. It was then cooled at room temperature for solidification as demonstrated in Figure 1. Thus a microwavable PCM sheet was obtained. On microwaving the sheet for 3 minutes in an 800W domestic oven, uniform heating was observed because of increased thermal conductivity. There were no hot spots or patches, which is also shown in Figure 2.
  • RFS65PCM Reinforced Form Stable 65 Phase Change Material
  • PCM microwavable Phase Change Material
  • PCM microwavable Phase Change Material
  • the microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) sheets were prepared by the same method as explained in example 4. Two FSM 65 sheet of combined weight of 430g were heated in 800W domestic microwave oven. Then these micro waved sheets were put inside an empty lunch bag. Temperature data logger was placed between the two sheets and the lunch bag zip was closed. Since the Phase Change Material (PCM) is of phase change temperature of 65°C so back up time for FSM Phase Change Material (PCM) sheet was considered only from temperature 69° C to 63° C. This was repeated eight times with different microwaving time run and the data is listed in table below:
  • the microwavable Phase Change Material (PCM) obtained as such can be moulded cast into various shape and sizes such as sheet form of minimum thickness of 0.1mm, pellets form, cubical form, spherical shape or any other according to desired application.
  • PCM Phase Change Material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un matériau à changement de phase utilisable au four à micro-ondes et un produit constitué de celui-ci. En particulier, la présente invention concerne le domaine du chauffage par micro-ondes et l'utilisation d'un suscepteur d'énergie micro-ondes pour fournir de la chaleur à un matériau à changement de phase. L'invention concerne un nouveau procédé de préparation d'un matériau à changement de phase amélioré qui peut être chauffé dans un four à micro-ondes domestique. La composition de l'invention comprend un suscepteur d'énergie micro-ondes qui permet au matériau à changement de phase de fusionner en quelques minutes en fonction de la quantité de matériau à changement de phase utilisée. Le suscepteur d'énergie micro-ondes est d'abord uniformément mélangé avec un autre matériau. L'autre matériau peut être un matériau hautement conducteur, ou un suscepteur lent. Ensuite, ce composite est incorporé dans un matériau à changement de phase. Le suscepteur composite lance une fusion uniforme du matériau à changement de phase lorsqu'il est exposé à un rayonnement micro-onde. Le matériau à changement de phase utilisable au four à micro-ondes est exempt de formation d'étincelles ou d'arc et de surchauffe locale.
PCT/IB2013/002424 2012-10-26 2013-10-31 Nouvelle composition de matériau à changement de phase utilisable au four à micro-ondes Ceased WO2014064519A2 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/438,628 US9765201B2 (en) 2012-10-26 2013-10-31 Composition of microwavable phase change material

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IN3305/DEL/2012 2012-10-26
INDE33052012 2012-10-26

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WO2014064519A2 true WO2014064519A2 (fr) 2014-05-01
WO2014064519A3 WO2014064519A3 (fr) 2014-07-31
WO2014064519A4 WO2014064519A4 (fr) 2014-10-16

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020100112A1 (de) 2020-01-06 2021-07-08 Axiotherm GmbH Latentspeichermaterial und Verfahren zur Wärmespeicherung
DE102020100111A1 (de) 2020-01-06 2021-07-08 Axiotherm GmbH Latentspeichermaterial und Verfahren zur Wärmespeicherung
US20240298825A1 (en) * 2021-07-16 2024-09-12 Promeco Nv Crockery comprising microwave-activatable phase-change material

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5565132A (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-10-15 The University Of Dayton Thermoplastic, moldable, non-exuding phase change materials
US5804266A (en) * 1996-03-28 1998-09-08 The University Of Dayton Microwavable thermal energy storage material

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020100112A1 (de) 2020-01-06 2021-07-08 Axiotherm GmbH Latentspeichermaterial und Verfahren zur Wärmespeicherung
DE102020100111A1 (de) 2020-01-06 2021-07-08 Axiotherm GmbH Latentspeichermaterial und Verfahren zur Wärmespeicherung
US20240298825A1 (en) * 2021-07-16 2024-09-12 Promeco Nv Crockery comprising microwave-activatable phase-change material

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Publication number Publication date
WO2014064519A3 (fr) 2014-07-31
WO2014064519A4 (fr) 2014-10-16

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