Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
  • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
  • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/20—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors
  • B02C13/205—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with two or more co-operating rotors arranged concentrically
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/22—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with intermeshing pins ; Pin Disk Mills
  • B02C13/24—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with intermeshing pins ; Pin Disk Mills arranged around a vertical axis
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
  • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
  • D21D1/004—Methods of beating or refining including disperging or deflaking
  • D21D1/006—Disc mills

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device and a method for defibrating fibre-containing material to produce micro-fibrillated cellulose.
• fibre-containing material is later to be understood as a wide concept comprising wood chips, grass and other fibre-containing materials originating from the vegetable kingdom, which have been crushed into pieces of appropriate sizes so they can be fed into the device.
• microfibrillated cellulose is also known as nanocellulose . It is a material typically made from wood cellulose fibres, both from hardwood or
• softwood fibres can also be made from microbial sources, agricultural fibres such as wheat straw pulp, bagasse, bamboo or other non-wood fibre sources.
• microfibrillated cellulose the individual microfibrils have been partly or totally detached from each other.
• a microfibrillated cellulose fibre is normally very thin (-20 nm) and the length is often between 100 nm to 10 ⁇ .
• the microfibrils may also be longer, for example between 10-200 ⁇ , but lengths even 2000 ⁇ can be found due to wide length distribution.
• Fibres that has been fibrillated and which have microfibrils on the surface and microfibrils that are separated and located in a water phase of slurry are included in the definition MFC.
• whiskers are also included in the definition MFC.
• the present invention also relates to a paper or board product produced according to the process.
• US 6,202,946 discloses a method and a device for
• the device defibrating fibre-containing material.
• the device comprises a housing, which comprises a first rotor equipped with rectangular collision surfaces and a second rotor equipped with rectangular collision surfaces.
• the second rotor is concentrically arranged with the first rotor and is arranged to rotate in a direction opposite to the first rotor.
• the device further comprises a feed orifice in the housing and opening to the centre of the rotors and a discharge orifice on the housing wall and opening to the periphery of the outermost rotor.
• the fibre-containing material is led from the feed orifice to the housing and made to flow together with a liquid suspension through the rectangular collision surfaces of the nested rotors to the discharge orifice and further as a discharge flow out of the housing.
• WO 2013/072559 discloses a method for producing
• nanofibril cellulose through several counter-rotating rotors outwards in the radial direction with respect to the rotation axis of the rotors in such a way that the material is repeatedly subjected to shearing and
• micro fibrillated cellulose For high quality (high strength potential) micro fibrillated cellulose, the target is to maintain the fibril length as long as possible, i.e. to produce as high length/thickness ratio as possible. For high quality micro fibrillated cellulose the ratio should always be >100, preferably >1000 and even more preferred >10000. This type of micro fibrillated cellulose is not possible to produce with normally used mechanical means
• An object of the present invention is to provide a device and a method which enables to produce high
• Another object is to provide a device and a method which enables to break down fibril bundles formed in MFC making for example grinding operations (for example masuko grinders) and fluidization/homogenization .
• Yet another object is to provide a device and a method that enables an increase of the load between the rotating parts, such that, the shear-forces to fibrillate the fibres at a higher extent - where the goal is to get long fibrils that are not cut nor collected in lumps/bunches. It is yet another object to provide a device and a method where the distance between the rotating part can be adj usted .
• the defibrated material made using the device or the method according to the invention, may be used in any micro cellulose application as paper and paperboard but also in various polymer/plastics engineering areas, food/feed areas, cosmetics area and pharmacy area.
• the device may also, when enabling these high shear forces, work as a dosing point of chemicals to get accurate blending of the chemicals properly to reduce the application amount and increase the efficiency of a certain chemical dosage.
• said inlet is in communication with a centre of said first and second rotors and being sufficiently large that fibre-containing material may be fed freely there through; said outlet is in communication with a periphery of an outermost ring.
• a rotatably-mounted first rotor equipped with collision surfaces mounted thereon in at least one concentric, conical ring, and adapted to rotate in a first direction;
• a rotatably-mounted second rotor equipped with collision surfaces mounted thereon in at least one concentric, conical ring, and adapted to rotate in a second direction which is opposite to the first direction of the first rotor, said second rotor is in cooperating
• said inlet is in communication with a centre of said first and second rotors and being sufficiently large that fibre-containing material may be fed freely there through; said outlet is in communication with a periphery of an outermost ring;
• Figure 1 shows an elevation view of a first embodiment of a device for defibrating fibre, where the device
• Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the device in figure 1, where the upper rotor is in an upper position.
• Figure 3 shows a top view of the rotors in Figure 1 and 2.
• Figure 4 shows an alternative, second, embodiment of the device for defibrating fibre, wherein the blades is replaced with a conical ring body which comprises radial holes .
• Figure 5 shows an elevation view of the second embodiment in figure 4.
• Figure 6 shows a top view of the second embodiment in figure 4.
• Figure 7 shows a detailed view of the inner surface of the conical ring body.
• tapeered collision surface in this application, incorporates a geometric figure in the form of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid or a wedge or similar geometric figures.
• the device of comprises a housing 5 (not shown in figure 2-3) , which accommodates a rotatably-mounted, lower, first rotor 1 equipped with blades 3.
• the blades 3 of the first rotor 1 are arranged in concentric rings 31, 32, 33.
• Each ring 31, 32, 33 comprises a circumferential, inner surface 31a, 32a, 33a, which faces against the centre of the rotation axis of the first rotor 1, and a circumferential, outer surface 31b, 32b, 33b, which faces away from the circumferential, inner surface 31a, 32a, 33a.
• circumferential, inner surface and circumferential, outer surface is inclining, such that, the cross section of each ring 31, 32, 33 is wedge shaped, i.e. the rings 31, 32, 33 are conical.
• the angle of each inclining surface is about 3-1°, preferably 5° from the rotation axis of the rotor 1.
• the first rotor 1 is adapted to rotate in a first rotation direction.
• the housing 5 also accommodates a rotatably-mounted, upper, second rotor 2, which is concentric with the first rotor 1.
• the second rotor 2 is also equipped with blades 4.
• the blades 4 of the second rotor 2 are arranged in concentric rings 41, 42, 43. Each ring 41, 42, 43
• each ring 41, 42, 43 is wedge shaped, i.e. the rings 41, 42, 43 are conical.
• the angle of each inclining surface is about 3-1°, preferably 5° from the rotation axis of the rotor 2.
• the second rotor 2 is adapted to rotate in a second rotation direction, which second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction of the first rotor 1.
• the conical rings 31, 32, 33 of the first rotor 1 and the conical rings 41, 42, 43 of the second rotor 2 are intermeshed, such that, the circumferential, inner surface 31a, 32a, 33a of a ring 31, 32, 33 of the first rotor 1 faces against a circumferential, outer surface 41b, 42b, 43b of a ring 41, 42, 43 of the second rotor 2 and the circumferential, outer surface 31b, 32b, 33b of a ring 31, 32, 33 of the first rotor 1 facing against an inner surface 41a, 42a, 43a of a ring 41, 42, 43 of the second rotor 2.
• the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2 can freely rotate in different directions.
• the head of the housing 5 is provided with an inlet 6, which opens out to the centre of the rotors 1, 2 and is used as an inlet for fibre-containing material 8 to be fibrillated.
• the inlet 6 is also an inlet for dilution water and/or chemistry 9 which is located in a central pipe 10 inside the inlet 6. This feeding arrangement is possible, due to the shafts of the rotors 1, 2 are arranged within each other (not shown in figures) .
• the inlet 6 is sufficiently large, such that, the fibre- containing material 8 may be fed freely at ambient pressure .
• the wall of the housing 5 is provided with an outlet 7, which opens and is in communication with a periphery to the outermost blade ring 33 and is used as a delivery outlet of fibrillated material 11, i.e. microfibrillated cellulose 11.
• Figure 3 shows the rotation directions of the rings 31, 32, 33; 41, 42, 43 of the rotors 1, 2. As shown in figure 3, the rotation direction of the two rotors are opposite to each other.
• Each blade 3 in the rings 31, 32, 33 of the first rotor 1 comprises a first tapered collision surface 3a and a second collision surface 3b which faces away from the first collision surface 3a.
• the blades 3 are arranged, such that, the collision surfaces 3a, 3b facing in a circumferential direction of the rings 31, 32, 33.
• the blade 3 further comprising an inner, inclining first edge surface 3c and an outer, inclining second edge surface 3d, which edge surfaces 3c, 3d are arranged between the first collision surface 3a and the second collision surface 3b and faces away from each other (see Figure 1) .
• the first edge surface 3c faces against the rotation axis of the rotors 1, 2 and the second edge surface 3d faces away from the rotation axis of the rotors 1, 2.
• the inclining edge surfaces 3c, 3d are perpendicular to the first and second collision surfaces 3a, 3b.
• the angle of each inclining edge surface is about 3-1°, preferably 5° from the rotation axis of the rotors 1, 2.
• the inner, first edge surface 3c of the blades 3 forming the circumferential, inner surfaces 31a, 32a, 33a of the rings 31, 32, 33 of the first rotor 1.
• circumferential, outer, second edge surface 3d of the blades 3 forming the circumferential, outer surface 31b, 32b, 33b of the rings 31, 32, 33 of the first rotor 1.
• the blade 3 further comprises a base surface 3e, which is arranged between the first collision surface 3a and the second collision surface 3b.
• the blade 3 is connected to the first rotor 1 through the base surface 3e.
• the blade 3 comprises a top surface 3f which is arranged between the first collision surface 3a and the second collision surface 3b.
• the top surface 3f faces away from the base surface 3e and against the second rotor 2.
• the distance H between the top surface 3f and the second rotor 2 is about 1-3 mm, preferably 2 mm.
• Each blade 4 in the rings 41, 42, 43 of the second rotor 2 comprises a first tapered collision surface 4a and a second collision surface 4b which faces away from the first collision surface 4a.
• the blades 4 are arranged, such that, the collision surfaces 4a, 4b facing in a circumferential direction of the rings 41, 42, 43.
• the blade 4 further comprising an inner, inclining first edge surface 4c and an outer, inclining second edge surface 4d which edge surfaces 4c, 4d are arranged between the first collision surface 4a and the second collision surface 4b and faces away from each other (see Figure 1) .
• the first edge surface 4c faces against the rotation axis of the rotors 1,2 and the second edge surface 4d faces away from the rotation axis of the rotors 1, 2.
• the inclining edge surfaces 4c, 4d are perpendicular to the first and second collision surfaces 4a, 4b.
• the angle of each inclining edge surface 4c, 4d is about 3-1°, preferably 5° from the rotation axis of the rotors 1, 2.
• the inner, first edge surface 4c of the blades 4 forming the circumferential, inner surfaces 41a, 42a, 43a of the rings 41, 42, 43 of the second rotor 2.
• the outer, second edge surface 4d of the blades 4 forming the
• the blade 4 further comprises a base surface 4e which is arranged between the first collision surface 4a and the second collision surface 4b.
• the blade 4 is connected to the second rotor 2 through the base surface 4e.
• the blade 4 comprises a top surface 4f which is arranged between the first collision surface 4a and the second collision surface 4b.
• the top surface 4f faces away from the base surface 4e and against the first rotor 1.
• the distance H between the top surface 4f and the first rotor 1 is about 1-3 mm, preferably 2 mm.
• the gap L between the two nearby rings i.e. the gap between two nearby inclining surfaces of the first and second rotors 1,2, is 0.01-1 mm, preferably 0.1 mm.
• the inclination of two nearby edge surfaces 3c and 4c are equal for the first rotor 1 and the second rotor 2.
• the upper, second rotor 2 is movable in an axial
• the gap L between two nearby rings 31, 32, 33, 41, 42, 43 of the first and second rotors 1, 2 can be changed thanks to the inclining surfaces of the rings.
• the gap L is about 1 mm.
• the gap L is about 0.1 mm.
• the level of the upper, second rotor can be varied about 10 mm in its axial direction to close/open the gap L between the rings. Hence, a movement of 0-10 mm gives a gap L between 0.1-1.0 mm between the conical rings.
• the load between the rotating rings can be adjusted.
• the load can therefore be increased, such that, the shear-forces to defibrillate the fibres at a higher extension, where the goal is to get long fibrils that are not collected in lumps/bunches.
• the device is constructed in such a way that the distance S (see figure 3) between the blades in the outermost rings is smaller than the distance between the blades in the inner rings .
• the above-mentioned measures may be used to secure that also coarser fibre-containing material (coarse wood and/or fibres) may be fed into the device, and
• An essential advantage is that the number blades in the rotor rings and the distances (tightness) between the rings are selected according to the need.
• the distance S between the rings, as well as the distance between the blades in the ring, may be arranged so that they decrease towards the outer ring. In this way the dispersing pieces of wood chips are led to tighter and tighter spaces before the established suspension is discharged from the device .
• the tapered collision surfaces of the conical rings, whose cross-sectional-profile is triangular, are turned, in such a way, that the impact surfaces of the blades are radial.
• the blades of one or more rings may be turned, e.g. to increase the impact power, in such a way that the direction of their collision surfaces derivate from the radial direction.
• the rotors of the device rotate at rates from 800 to approximate 3000 rpm, preferably about 1500 rpm.
• the outermost rings increase their peripheral speed as the ring diameter increases and thereby induce for each ring outwards an increased shear force to the material processed .
• the present invention enables that the load between the rotating parts through the conical construction
• the invention is not limited, in such a way, that the rings, with circumferential inclining surfaces,
• the fibre material is introduced through several counter rotating collision- surfaces, outwards in the radial direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotors, in such a way, that the materials is repeatedly subjected to shear and impact forces by the effect of the different counter- rotating collision-surfaces, whereby it is simultaneously fibrillated .
• the fibre material is repeatedly impacted by the blades or ribs of the rotors striking it from opposite directions when the blades rotate at the rotating speed and at the peripheral speed determined by the radius (distance to the rotation axis) in opposite directions.
• Figure 4-7 discloses an alternative, second embodiment of the invention, where the rings 51 are formed by a
• each ring 51 comprises a
• each ring 51 is inclining, such that, the cross-section of each ring 51 is wedge shaped, i.e. the ring 51 is conical.
• the angle of each inclining surface is about 3-1°, preferably 5° from the rotation axis of the rotors 1, 2.
• Each conical ring body 52 comprises circular holes 53, which are uniformly distributed over the inner surface 51a and outer surface 51b, for transport of material to be fibrillated through the conical rings 51.
• Each hole 53 is arranged in a radial direction through the inner and outer surface.
• Each hole 53 has two diameters through the ring body, such that, the hole diameter closest to the inner surface 51a is larger than the hole diameter closest to the outer surface 51b.
• the hole diameter closest to the inner surface 51a is preferably about 16 mm and the hole diameter closest to the outer surface is preferably about 7 mm.
• the circumferential, inner surface of each hole 53 forms the collision surface 53a.
• the collision surface 53a of the hole 53 has an equal purpose as the collision surfaces 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b of the blades 3, 4 described above.
• the conical rings 31, 32, 33 of the first embodiment rings formed by tapered blades
• the conical rings 51 of the second embodiment rings formed by a conical ring body comprising holes
• the holes 53, of each ring 51 may have various sizes and shapes.
• the holes may for example be round, oval or square shaped .
• a benefit with the second embodiment is that long fibres is oriented and fibrillated better during passage through the hole 53.
• a great benefit with the invention is that high amount of energy can be transformed into the fibres without any or very minor fibre cutting. This will have several positive effects :
• polymers such as CMC, A-PAM
• ⁇ Cationic chemicals such as alum, H2S04, HC1 and NaOH.
• ⁇ Enzymes such as cellulases and
• the device can be used to mix enzymes and thereafter grind the enzyme-treated fibres.
• the gap L is known to be different from a static situation and will change even more when fibres are present in the flow. For this reason the mechanical arrangement, in accordance with the invention, is done so, that the gap L can be decreased during loading situation.
• the dynamic gap L can also be smaller than the static loading of zero.
• the distance of the gap L can be controlled for example via energy or vibration measurements.
• the number of concentric conical rings in the device do not necessary need to be six (i.e. three rings 31, 32, 33, 51 on the first rotor 1 and three rings 41, 42, 43, 51 on the second rotor) .
• the number of rings could be from two rings (one ring on each rotor) up to a finite number of rings.
• the inclination of the conical rings 31-33, 41-43, 52, i.e. the inclination from the axis of the rotors of the rings circumferential inclining surfaces does not necessary need be in the interval 3-7°. In theory the inclination may be anything from 1-45°.
• the rotors of the device do not necessarily need to rotate at rates from 800 up to 3000 rpm. In theory, the rate can be anything from 400 up to 6000 rpm.

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Cited By (10)

Citations (12)

• 2013
  • 2013-09-18 WO PCT/IB2013/058633 patent/WO2014045209A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (12)

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