Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
  • B63B27/14—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of ramps, gangways or outboard ladders ; Pilot lifts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
  • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
  • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
  • B66C13/08—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions
  • B66C13/085—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions electrical
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
  • B66C13/18—Control systems or devices
  • B66C13/46—Position indicators for suspended loads or for crane elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
  • B66C23/185—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use erecting wind turbines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
  • B66C23/20—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures
  • B66C23/207—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures with supporting couples provided by wind turbines
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
  • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
  • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
  • B66C23/52—Floating cranes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
  • E02B17/0034—Maintenance, repair or inspection of offshore constructions
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
  • B63B2017/0072—Seaway compensators
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
  • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a floating body, in particular ships or platforms, with a crane, which has a reference fixation and an adjustable working location and can be changed in three spatial directions.
• the object of the invention is to improve the state of the art.
• the object is achieved by a floating body, in particular ship or platform, with a crane, which has a reference fixation and an adjustable working location and is changeable in three spatial directions, wherein the working location can be decoupled by means of the reference fixation of a floating body movement.
• a system can be provided in which the work location with respect to the wind turbine is fixed, so that maintenance, inspection and cleaning work, for example on the rotor blades can be done from the outside.
• the location of the place of work is defined in the fixed reference system of the wind turbine and "fixed".
• the fixed reference system of the wind turbine is relevant.
• the decoupling of the place of work of movements of the float takes place.
• the work location can be positioned by means of coordinate data in relation to the reference fixation. Also a mechanical coupling is possible. In all cases, the work location is kept substantially constant with respect to the wind turbine.
• retroreflectors can be attached to the wind energy plant, which are irradiated by means of a laser beam from the place of work or from the crane and whose distance is determined.
• the working location can be oriented in such a way that, although it changes in relation to the ship, it remains constant in relation to the coordinate system of the wind turbine. Constant in this context are understood systems that are capable are, maximum 50 cm, preferably 10 cm, to ensure location change in relation to the wind turbine.
• An "adjustable work place” exists when the work site can be maneuvered manually or automatically by means of a control or regulation, in which case the work site is in particular a gondola in which a person can carry out his maintenance work attached to the end of the crane tool are covered by the term work with.
• control of the work site can superimpose the fixation with respect to the coordinate system of the wind turbine, so that the work is performed in relation to the coordinate system of the wind turbine.
• float movement covers, in particular, all movements of a ship, including forward and reverse, as well as port and starboard changes, as well as rolling and heeling.
• decoupling means that the ship's movement has essentially no impact on the worksite, so that the worksite is stationary with respect to the wind turbine, with movements / vibrations of the work site being 50 cm per second , in particular 10 cm per second or lower values, in the present sense as constant.
• movements / vibrations of the work site being 50 cm per second , in particular 10 cm per second or lower values, in the present sense as constant.
• the working location by means of the reference fixing can be adjusted by means of actuators such that a vertical spacing to a water surface of more than 40 m, in particular more than 60 m or preferably more than 100 m can be realized.
• actuators such that a vertical spacing to a water surface of more than 40 m, in particular more than 60 m or preferably more than 100 m can be realized.
• actuators for the crane, both hydraulic actuators, pneumatic actuators and / or electromechanical actuators can be used.
• the "water surface” is to be understood as the average averaged values over five minutes, so that in the present case a smooth surface as the reference surface can be assumed.
• the floating body may have a crane control, which is set up such that the working space is spatially fixed in relation to the coordinate system of the wind turbine adjustable.
• Kunststofffest in the present sense is given in particular when the place of work is substantially constant.
• the room-stable working location corresponds to the setpoint value and corresponding deviations from the setpoint as control deviation. These control deviations determine how the actuators are to be controlled, so that the workstation is fixed in relation to the wind energy plant.
• the floating body has a positioning device, which is designed such that the floating body can be positioned in a stationary manner.
• the ship is kept stationary with respect to its location by means of the ship propeller and other control methods.
• This control takes place in particular by means of satellite-based positioning systems such as Galileo or GPS.
• satellite-based positioning systems such as Galileo or GPS.
• the crane may have a first boom and a second boom, which are independently controllable and / or controllable.
• the first boom may have a slow control, in particular based on movement data of the float.
• position sensors in particular gyroscope sensors, are evaluated, which detect a change in position of the floating body.
• the control of the second boom can be faster. In particular, this in turn can be done by reference position determination with respect to the coordinate system of the wind turbine.
• the first boom is in particular the boom, which is arranged on the ship side.
• the second boom is arranged in particular wind energy plant side.
• the crane may have additional booms with additional separate / independent controls and / or controls.
• the first boom may be controlled and / or controlled following a float sequence and the second boom relative to the reference fixture.
• the "float sequence” may be the movement of the float due to the waves, the wind or other parameters, which are generally very slow so that "slow" control can be used.
• the first and the second boom can be connected to each other via a reference fixation.
• the "reference fixation” present in this special embodiment is a mechanical fixation which can be connected directly to the wind energy plant or the associated foundation, so it is essential that the coordinate system of the
• Wind turbine with the coordinate system of the floating body mechanically coupled, in particular connected, is.
• cantilever is understood to mean, in particular, components projecting beyond the support of a crane for the entire text controlled or regulated guidance, the desired working locations are reached by means of the delivery arms.
• the work site is coupled and / or attached to the second boom.
• Float movement from the workplace are particularly well realized.
• the coupling or fastening can be done via other booms.
• the reference fixing can have a detachable wind turbine coupling in relevant embodiments.
• one offshore wind turbine after another can be maintained and / or repaired with the same crane.
• the "wind turbine coupling” is designed so that it forms a releasably fixed connection with the wind turbines or the associated foundations, also known as foundations.
• the detachable wind turbine coupling may comprise a cushioning element.
• the wind turbine coupling can be configured as an adjustable gripper, on the insides of which additionally inflatable air bags can be arranged, which fill when closing the gripper with air, so that when closed Wind turbine coupling any movements of the wind turbine or the ship can be cushioned.
• the crane may have a separate control and / or separate control for the second boom and correspondingly for the working location, so that the second boom can be changed separately starting from the reference fixing.
• the separate control or separate control or boom may be operated from the work site by an operator.
• the second boom may be longer than the first boom.
• the float can approach very close to the offshore wind turbine and couple the crane at a short distance, for example.
• the tower of the wind turbine and control the corresponding working heights of the workplace on the second boom.
• the crane may be arranged to lock in place Wind turbine coupling the first boom is decoupled from a float movement.
• the floating body may in turn have a positioning device, which is designed such that the floating body is positionally positionable.
• the float movement can be limited to roles and heeling.
• the crane can be set up such that, in the event of a malfunction, the second boom moves into a safety position.
• a "safety position” is given, in particular, when the work site is removed from the wind turbine, for example, by lowering the second boom or by pivoting the crane.
• An “accident” is especially given when a sensor and / or an actuator and / or a control and / or control circuit fails or is damaged.
• the work site may include a mounting crane.
• tools and materials can be made to work without having to leave the place of work.
• the present assembly crane may in turn comprise booms or even comprise only a hoist.
• Figure la is a highly schematic representation of a
• Figure lb is a highly schematic representation of the
• Figure lc is a highly schematic representation of a
• Figure ld is a highly schematic representation of the
• Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a
• Wind turbine is coupled, according to another inventive aspect.
• a ship 101 with a crane 103 has a working place 102 (see FIGS. 1 a, 1 b).
• Retroreflectors are illuminated from a nacelle 102 by means of a laser, and due to the reflected light, the position of the nacelle 102 in space is determined. [67] If the ship 101 moves below, a small deflection of the nacelle 102 takes place. This change is fed to a regulator, which controls the hydraulic control elements of the crane jib in such a way that the deflection of the work site 102 is compensated.
• the adjusting elements are arranged on all moving parts. Alternatively, electromechanical actuators are used.
• the gondola can be moved by a controller, wherein further the retroreflectors are acted upon at the wind turbine by the laser beams and the position in space is determined.
• the new location information is available, by means of which the controller controls the nacelle 102.
• the nacelle 102 is decoupled from movements of the ship 101.
• a ship 101 has a crane 103.
• the crane 103 in turn has a first boom 105 and a second boom 107.
• First and second boom 105, 107 are connected to each other via a wind turbine coupling 111.
• the wind turbine coupling 111 is designed as a clip with inner inflatable air bags.
• the open bracket 111 is moved around the wind turbine tower 127 via the first boom 105. Once the wind turbine tower 127 is completely enclosed by the clamp 111, the inner air sacks are inflated and the clamp 111 is closed such that the ship 101 is mechanically fixedly coupled to the wind turbine tower.
• the entire crane 103 is stored in the ship 101.
• the ship 101 can now travel via the water 131 to the next offshore wind energy installation 121 and, as shown, again wait or clean the further wind energy installation.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Jib Cranes (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 2012
  • 2012-09-18 DE DE202012103562U patent/DE202012103562U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2013
  • 2013-09-16 EP EP13785345.3A patent/EP2897856A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-09-16 WO PCT/DE2013/100330 patent/WO2014044252A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (3)

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