WO2013105173A1 - インバータ制御装置 - Google Patents
インバータ制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013105173A1 WO2013105173A1 PCT/JP2012/007815 JP2012007815W WO2013105173A1 WO 2013105173 A1 WO2013105173 A1 WO 2013105173A1 JP 2012007815 W JP2012007815 W JP 2012007815W WO 2013105173 A1 WO2013105173 A1 WO 2013105173A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- value
- current
- unit
- control device
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/06—Arrangements for speed regulation of a single motor wherein the motor speed is measured and compared with a given physical value so as to adjust the motor speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/141—Flux estimation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/18—Estimation of position or speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/24—Vector control not involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
- H02P21/26—Rotor flux based control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/14—Estimation or adaptation of motor parameters, e.g. rotor time constant, flux, speed, current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inverter control device in which a smoothing means composed of a capacitor having a remarkably small capacity is connected to an output terminal of a rectifying means, and the output voltage pulsates greatly at twice the frequency of an AC power supply frequency.
- the present invention relates to an inverter control device that drives an electric motor such as a motor at an arbitrary rotational speed.
- An inverter control device that drives a general electric motor rectifies an AC power supply, smoothes the rectified DC power with a smoothing capacitor, and converts the smoothed DC power into AC power at an arbitrary rotation speed and voltage with an inverter.
- the AC power is supplied to the electric motor.
- the total magnetic flux of the motor (generated from the stator side) is integrated by integrating the voltage difference between the applied voltage of the motor and the voltage drop (winding resistance value ⁇ current value) due to the winding resistance of the motor.
- the amount of the magnetic flux and the magnetic flux generated from the rotor side is calculated, proportional integral control is performed based on the magnetic flux difference between the magnetic flux command and the total magnetic flux calculation value, and the total magnetic flux calculation value is a constant value (magnetic flux) Command), the current of the component (orthogonal two-axis coordinate system) acting on the field-weakening operation is controlled in accordance with the change in the applied voltage of the electric motor.
- Patent Document 2 in order to increase the effect of field-weakening control in the high-speed rotation region, the magnetic flux command is reduced as the rotational speed of the motor is increased, so that the total amount of magnetic flux to be kept constant is reduced accordingly. It is described.
- the inverter control device disclosed in Patent Document 2 also describes measures against a phenomenon in which the harmonic component of the input current increases due to the occurrence of a non-current period in the input current from the AC power supply due to regenerative energy from the motor. Has been.
- the current command value of the component (orthogonal two-axis coordinate system) that acts on the field-weakening operation is reduced in the phase corresponding to the zero cross point of the AC power supply voltage, thereby regenerating the AC power supply voltage near the zero cross.
- a method for suppressing the current in the operating direction or a method using an electric motor having a specification in which the effect of the induced voltage generated by the field magnet is reduced and the ratio of the reluctance torque is increased in an embedded magnet field type synchronous motor (IPM motor)
- IPM motor embedded magnet field type synchronous motor
- Non-Patent Document 1 proposes a method using a current command value of “maximum torque control” obtained with a current phase that minimizes the amplitude of the armature current of the motor among the generated current vectors.
- Non-Patent Document 1 compares the induced voltage of the motor obtained from each current command value, and selects a current command value (either weak field control or maximum torque control) at which the induced voltage becomes smaller.
- the configuration in which the armature current of the motor is minimized by reducing the field-weakening operation to the minimum necessary, or the reduction in the drive efficiency of the motor is reduced, or the regenerative operation.
- the regenerative energy from the motor is reduced and input from the AC power supply
- such a configuration has a problem that the efficiency of the entire system in the motor drive system including the motor to be controlled in the inverter control device cannot be optimized.
- the present invention solves the problems in the inverter control device having the above-described conventional configuration.
- the inverter control device configured with a small-capacitance capacitor, an electric motor with an increased ratio of reluctance torque is utilized, and regeneration from the motor is performed. It aims at optimizing the efficiency of the whole system in an electric motor drive system by controlling energy.
- the inverter control device of the present invention includes: The ratio of the reluctance torque was increased by using both the magnet torque generated with the field magnetic flux and the armature current and the reluctance torque generated with the inductance change of the armature winding and the armature current.
- An inverter control device for driving an electric motor, A rectifier unit with an AC power supply as input; A smoothing unit in which the value of the capacitor is set so that the output voltage of the rectifying unit pulsates at approximately twice the frequency of the AC power supply frequency; An orthogonal transform unit that converts the smoothed voltage from the smoothing unit into a desired alternating voltage to drive the electric motor; A drive control unit for transmitting information for driving the motor corresponding to the smoothing voltage to the orthogonal transform unit; A current detection unit for detecting an armature current of the electric motor, The drive control unit adjusts the phase difference of the armature current with respect to the induced voltage generated by the motor, and a magnetic flux estimation unit that estimates the linkage flux of the motor based on the armature current detected by the current detection unit Including a current phase difference adjusting unit, The estimated flux linkage value estimated by the flux estimator is less than or equal to a preset linkage flux set value, and is an average value of a torque command value or a current command value applied to
- the inverter control device of the present invention configured as described above optimizes the efficiency of the “converter (rectifier unit + smoothing unit) + inverter (orthogonal transform unit)” by controlling the regenerative energy from the motor to a predetermined value or less. Therefore, by suppressing the armature current of the motor to the minimum, it is possible to reduce the decrease in the motor efficiency and optimize the efficiency of the entire system.
- the efficiency of the entire system in the electric motor drive system including the electric motor is optimized by utilizing the electric motor having the increased reluctance torque ratio and controlling the regenerative energy from the electric motor. Can do.
- the system block diagram of the inverter control apparatus of Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention The system block diagram of the inverter control apparatus of Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention
- the system block diagram of the inverter control apparatus of Embodiment 3 which concerns on this invention The figure which shows an example of the time change of the phase current state of an electric motor
- the figure which shows an example of the change of a PWM signal The figure which shows the state of the electric current which flows into an electric motor and an orthogonal transformation part at the time of the drive by the PWM signal in FIG.
- the figure which shows an example of the change of a PWM signal The figure which shows the state of the electric current which flows into an electric motor and an orthogonal transformation part at the time of the drive by the PWM signal in FIG.
- (A) First operation characteristic diagram of the inverter control device of the present invention (b) First operation characteristic diagram of the inverter control device of the present invention.
- (A) Second operation characteristic diagram of the inverter control device of the present invention (b) Second operation characteristic diagram of the inverter control device of the present invention.
- Characteristic chart of total regenerative energy and motor linkage flux in inverter control device of the present invention (A) Characteristic diagram of total amount of regenerative energy and converter (rectifier unit + smoothing unit) efficiency in inverter control device of the present invention, (b) Characteristic diagram of total amount of regenerative energy and inverter (orthogonal transform unit) efficiency, (c) Regenerative energy Characteristic of total amount and total efficiency
- A Characteristic diagram of total amount of regenerative energy and converter (rectifier unit + smoothing unit) efficiency in inverter control device of the present invention
- (c) Regenerative energy Characteristic of total amount and total efficiency One characteristic diagram of the motor output torque in the inverter control device of the present invention Schematic of the first processing flow in the inverter control device of the present invention Schematic of the second processing flow in the inverter control device of the present invention.
- the inverter control device includes: The ratio of the reluctance torque was increased by using both the magnet torque generated with the field magnetic flux and the armature current and the reluctance torque generated with the inductance change of the armature winding and the armature current.
- An inverter control device for driving an electric motor, A rectifier unit with an AC power supply as input; A smoothing unit in which the value of the capacitor is set so that the output voltage of the rectifying unit pulsates at approximately twice the frequency of the AC power supply frequency; An orthogonal transform unit that converts the smoothed voltage from the smoothing unit into a desired alternating voltage to drive the electric motor; A drive control unit for transmitting information for driving the motor corresponding to the smoothing voltage to the orthogonal transform unit; A current detection unit for detecting an armature current of the electric motor, The drive control unit adjusts the phase difference of the armature current with respect to the induced voltage generated by the motor, and a magnetic flux estimation unit that estimates the linkage flux of the motor based on the armature current detected by the current detection unit Including a current phase difference adjusting unit, The estimated flux linkage value estimated by the flux estimator is less than or equal to a preset linkage flux set value, and is an average value of a torque command value or a current command value applied to
- the current phase difference adjustment unit At least one of the average value of the effective values of the armature current and the average value of the peak value of the armature current detected by the current detection unit becomes a minimum value. It is configured to perform phase adjustment.
- the inverter control device configured as described above controls the regenerative energy from the electric motor to be equal to or less than a predetermined value, whereby “converter (rectifying unit + smoothing unit) + inverter (orthogonal transformation unit). ) "And the efficiency of the entire system can be optimized by reducing the motor efficiency by minimizing the armature current of the motor.
- the drive control means in the first aspect further includes a regeneration period measuring unit that measures a period during which a regeneration current flows from the motor to the capacitor.
- the interlinkage magnetic flux estimated value estimated by the magnetic flux estimation unit is less than or equal to a preset interlinkage magnetic flux set value, and the regeneration period measurement value measured by the regeneration period measurement unit is preset.
- the average value of the torque command value or current command value applied to the electric motor, the average value of the effective value of the armature current detected by the current detection means, and the armature current detected by the current detection unit You may comprise so that a phase adjustment may be performed in the said current phase difference adjustment part so that at least any one value may become the minimum value among the average values of a peak value.
- the inverter control device according to the second aspect of the present invention configured as described above is configured to control the input current from the AC power source by controlling the period during which the regenerative energy and the regenerative current from the motor are flowing to a predetermined value or less, respectively.
- the magnetic flux estimation unit in the first or second aspect is detected by a preset specification value of the motor and the current detection unit.
- the interlinkage magnetic flux in the orthogonal biaxial coordinate system may be calculated and estimated based on the armature current. Since the inverter control device according to the third aspect of the present invention configured as described above can calculate the interlinkage magnetic flux of the electric motor by calculation, there is no need to newly provide a sensor or the like, which is advantageous in terms of cost. .
- the inverter control apparatus of the 4th aspect which concerns on this invention is the AC voltage detected by the AC voltage detection part which detects the voltage of the said AC power supply in the said 2nd or 3rd aspect, and the said AC voltage detection part.
- An absolute value conversion unit that calculates an absolute value of the detection value; and a smoothing voltage detection unit that detects the smoothing voltage;
- the regeneration period measuring unit is based on the magnitude relationship between the absolute value of the AC voltage detection value converted by the absolute value conversion unit and the smoothing voltage detection value detected by the smoothing voltage detection unit. You may comprise so that the period when the regeneration electric current is flowing into the capacitor
- the inverter control device configured as described above has a period during which the regenerative current flows from the motor to the capacitor without fail even when the voltage distortion of the AC power supply and / or the power supply frequency fluctuates. It can be measured.
- the current detection unit in the second or third aspect directly detects a bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal transform unit, and detects the bus current.
- the regeneration period measuring unit may be configured to measure a period during which the regeneration current flows from the electric motor to the capacitor based on the detected value of the bus current. Since the inverter control device according to the fifth aspect of the present invention configured as described above can be used together with detection of the armature current flowing in the motor, there is no need to newly provide a sensor or the like, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
- the inverter control device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention according to the first, second, third, or fifth aspect further includes a smoothing voltage detecting unit that detects the smoothing voltage, and the smoothing voltage detecting unit.
- the current phase difference adjustment unit may be configured to perform phase adjustment only when the smoothed voltage detection value detected in (1) is less than an arbitrary set value.
- the inverter control device configured as described above can shorten the processing time of the microcomputer and the system LSI.
- the inverter control device is the AC voltage detector according to the first, second, third, or fifth aspect, wherein the AC voltage detector detects the voltage of the AC power supply, and the AC voltage detector.
- An absolute value conversion unit that calculates the absolute value of the AC voltage detection value detected at The current phase difference adjustment unit may be configured to perform phase adjustment only when the absolute value of the AC voltage detection value converted by the absolute value conversion unit is less than an arbitrary set value.
- the inverter control device according to the seventh aspect of the present invention configured as described above can shorten the processing time of the microcomputer and the system LSI.
- the inverter control device is the smoothed voltage detection value detected by the smoothing voltage detection unit and the alternating voltage detection value converted by the absolute value conversion unit in the fourth aspect.
- the phase adjustment may be performed by the current phase difference adjustment unit only when at least one of the absolute values is less than an arbitrary set value.
- the thus configured inverter control device can shorten the processing time of the microcomputer, the system LSI, and the like.
- the smoothing unit includes a capacitor and a reactor, and a resonance frequency obtained by the capacitor and the reactor. May be set to be 40 times or more of the AC power supply frequency.
- the inverter control device configured as described above can achieve high performance of the power supply harmonic characteristics in the input current from the AC power supply.
- the linkage flux setting value in any one of the first to ninth aspects has zero regenerative energy charged from the motor to the capacitor. May be set to be 2.5 times or less of the flux linkage.
- the inverter control device according to the tenth aspect of the present invention configured as described above can control the “regenerative energy from the electric motor to be equal to or less than a predetermined value, thereby obtaining a“ converter (rectifying unit + smoothing unit) + inverter (orthogonal). The efficiency of the conversion unit) ”can be optimized.
- An inverter control device is a chain of electric motors controlled by the drive control unit at a predetermined rotational speed and load torque in any one of the first to tenth aspects.
- the specification of the electric motor may be determined so that the magnetic flux is 2.5 times or less of the interlinkage magnetic flux when the regenerative energy charged from the electric motor to the capacitor is zero.
- the inverter control device configured as described above can suppress the regenerative energy from the electric motor to be equal to or less than a predetermined value, thereby obtaining a “converter (rectifying unit + smoothing unit) + inverter (orthogonal). The efficiency of the conversion unit) ”can be optimized.
- the inverter control device of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the inverter control device described in the following embodiments, but is based on a technical idea equivalent to the technical idea described in the following embodiments.
- the inverter control device comprised is comprised.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system configuration of the inverter control apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the inverter control apparatus according to the first embodiment is a rectifier configured by a diode bridge that is supplied with power from an AC power source 1 such as a commercial power source that is a single-phase AC power source and rectifies the supplied AC power source 1 in full-wave.
- an AC power source 1 such as a commercial power source that is a single-phase AC power source and rectifies the supplied AC power source 1 in full-wave.
- a certain rectifying unit 2 a smoothing unit 3 that is a smoothing means in which the value of the capacitor 32 is set so that the output voltage from the rectifying unit 2 pulsates substantially at a frequency approximately twice the power frequency of the AC power supply 1, and a smoothing unit 3 for converting the smoothed voltage from 3 to an AC voltage having a desired frequency and voltage value, and a drive for transmitting information for driving the motor corresponding to the smoothed voltage to the orthogonal transform unit 4.
- a drive control unit 6 as control means.
- the electric motor 5 that is driven and controlled by the inverter control device is equipped with a stator 51 to which three armature windings (51u, 51v, 51w) Y-connected around a neutral point are attached, and a magnet. And a rotor 52.
- the magnet torque generated with the field magnetic flux generated by the magnet of the rotor 52 and the armature current (51u, 51v, 51w) of the stator 51 and the armature winding (51u) , 51v, 51w) and the reluctance torque generated in association with the inductance change and the armature current are used together to increase the ratio of the reluctance torque.
- the orthogonal transform unit 4 includes a half-bridge circuit composed of a pair of switching elements for three phases for the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase.
- the pair of switching elements of the half-bridge circuit are connected in series between the high-voltage side end and the low-voltage side end of the capacitor 32, and a smoothing voltage across the capacitor 32 is applied to the half-bridge circuit.
- the U-phase half-bridge circuit includes a high-voltage side switching element 41u and a low-voltage side switching element 41x.
- the V-phase half-bridge circuit includes a high-voltage side switching element 41v and a low-voltage side switching element 41y.
- the W-phase half-bridge circuit includes a high-voltage side switching element 41w and a low-voltage side switching element 41z.
- free-wheeling diodes (42u to 42z) are connected in parallel with the switching elements (41u to 41z). That is, the upper arm is provided with switching elements (41u, 41v, 41w) and freewheeling diodes (42u, 42v, 42w), and the lower arm is provided with switching elements (41x, 41y, 41z) and freewheeling diodes (42x, 42w). 42y, 42z).
- the smoothing voltage applied to the orthogonal transform unit 4 is converted into a three-phase AC voltage by the switching operation of the switching element in the orthogonal transform unit 4 described above, and the electric motor 5 is driven by the AC voltage thus converted.
- a current detection unit 7 which is a current detection unit for detecting a bus current is provided on the bus on the DC side of the orthogonal transform unit 4.
- the smoothing unit 3 is set so that the LC resonance frequency is 40 times or more of the power supply frequency of the AC power supply 1, and a reactor 31 for reducing the peak value of the inrush charging / discharging current to the small-capacitance capacitor 32 is provided. I have.
- the drive control unit 6 can be configured by a microcomputer and / or a system LSI or the like, and includes a base driver 10, a PWM signal generation unit 12, a current control unit 13, a current phase difference adjustment unit 14, a phase current conversion unit 15, Each functional block of the rotor position speed estimation unit 16 and the magnetic flux estimation unit 17 is provided.
- the phase current conversion unit 15 observes the bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal conversion unit 4 flowing in the current detection unit 7 and converts the bus current into the armature current of the motor 5.
- the phase current conversion unit 15 actually detects the current only for a predetermined period from when the bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal conversion unit 4 is converted.
- the rotor position speed estimator 16 includes an armature current of the electric motor 5 converted by the phase current converter 15, an output voltage calculated by the PWM signal generator 12, and a smoothed voltage detected by the smooth voltage detector 8.
- the rotor magnetic pole position and rotation speed of the electric motor 5 are estimated based on the above information.
- deviation information between the current phase difference given from the current phase difference adjustment unit 14, the rotational speed of the motor 5 estimated by the rotor position speed estimation unit 16, and the speed command value given from the outside is derived using PI calculation or the like so that the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 matches the speed command value.
- the PWM signal generation unit 12 includes a current command value derived by the current control unit 13, an armature current of the electric motor 5 converted by the phase current conversion unit 15, and the electric motor 5 estimated by the rotor position speed estimation unit 16.
- the PWM signal for driving the electric motor 5 is generated based on the rotor magnetic pole position information.
- the PWM signal generation unit 12 generates the PWM signal, for example, when the smoothing voltage applied to the orthogonal transformation unit 4 is 200 V, the U-phase instruction voltage is 150 V, the V-phase instruction voltage is 100 V, and the W-phase instruction.
- the duty of the PWM signal of each phase is 75% for the U phase, 50% for the V phase, W The phase is 0%.
- the result of dividing the indicated voltage of each phase by the smooth voltage is the duty of the PWM signal.
- the duty of the PWM signal is 100%.
- the PWM signal obtained as described above is finally output to the base driver 10, and each switching element (41u to 41z) is driven according to the PWM signal to generate a sinusoidal alternating current.
- the sine wave drive of the electric motor 5 is implement
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the state of the armature current flowing in the armature winding of the electric motor 5 and the direction of the current flowing in the armature winding of each phase in each section of the electrical angle every 60 °.
- the U-phase winding 51u and the W-phase winding 51w are neutral from the unconnected end to the neutral point, and the V-phase winding 51v is neutral. Current flows from the point toward the unconnected end.
- the U-phase winding 51u is directed from the non-connection end toward the neutral point, and the V-phase winding 51v and the W-phase winding 51w are not connected from the neutral point. Current is flowing toward the edge.
- the state of the phase current flowing through the windings of each phase changes every electrical angle of 60 °.
- a signal U is a signal for operating the switching element 41u
- a signal V is a signal for operating the switching element 41v
- a signal W is a signal for operating the switching element 41w
- a signal X is a signal for operating the switching element 41x.
- Signal Y indicates a signal for operating the switching element 41y
- signal Z indicates a signal for operating the switching element 41z.
- the bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal transformation unit 4 at the timing 3 shown in FIG. 8 is the direction in which the current flows from the low voltage side end of the capacitor 32 to the high voltage side end of the capacitor 32 via the orthogonal transformation unit 4.
- 5 shows a regenerative state in which the electric energy generated in 5 is returned to the capacitor 32 (hereinafter, this electric energy is referred to as regenerative energy).
- phase current of the electric motor 5 according to the on / off state of the switching elements (41u to 41z) appears on the bus of the orthogonal transform unit 4.
- timing 4 and timing 5 are dead time periods for preventing the upper and lower arms of the orthogonal transform unit 4 from being short-circuited due to the operation delay of the switching elements (41u to 41z).
- the bus current of the orthogonal transformation unit 4 in this dead time period is indefinite depending on the direction in which the armature current of each phase flows.
- FIG. 9 is a first operational characteristic diagram of the inverter control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- 9A shows an AC voltage absolute value of the AC power supply 1 (broken line portion in FIG. 9A) and a smoothed voltage applied to the orthogonal transform unit 4 (solid line portion in FIG. 9A).
- FIG. 9B shows the waveform of the bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal transform unit 4 that flows in the current detection unit 7.
- the smoothing voltage applied to the orthogonal transform unit 4 when the current flows through the motor 5 is the AC power supply 1. Pulsates substantially at a frequency approximately twice the power frequency fs.
- the waveform of the DC side bus current of the orthogonal transform unit 4 flowing in the current detection unit 7 is reversed with the direction flowing from the orthogonal transform unit 4 to the low voltage side end of the capacitor 32 being reverse.
- the direction of flow from the low-pressure side end of 32 to the orthogonal transformation unit 4 is displayed as negative.
- the bus current has a pulse-like waveform corresponding to the operation of each switching element (41u to 41z) in the orthogonal transform unit 4.
- the regeneration period the period during which the bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal transform unit 4 is negative (hereinafter referred to as the regeneration period) It may occur near the zero cross of the power supply voltage, and the regenerative energy from the motor 5 is charged in the capacitor 32 during this regeneration period.
- the total amount Ereg of regenerative energy charged in the capacitor 32 is the difference between the smoothing voltage Vdc applied to the orthogonal transformation unit 4 and the AC voltage absolute value
- This total amount of regenerative energy Ereg is not limited to the AC voltage value of the AC power source 1, the capacity of the reactor 31 and the capacitor 32 of the smoothing unit 3, the specifications of the motor 5, the load conditions of the motor 5 (rotation speed, load torque, environmental temperature, etc. ) Etc.
- the present inventor has an interlinkage magnetic flux (d-axis interlinkage magnetic flux) that contributes to the induced voltage generated by the electric motor 5 and an interlinkage magnetic flux (primary interlinkage) that contributes to the applied voltage necessary to drive the electric motor 5.
- the magnetic flux is related to the total amount of regenerative energy Ereg.
- FIG. 11 shows the characteristics of the regenerative energy total amount Ereg and the linkage flux (d-axis linkage flux / primary linkage flux) of the motor 5 controlled by the drive control unit 6 under two different load conditions (A, B).
- FIG. 11 there is a monotonically increasing relationship in which the total regenerative energy Ereg increases as the interlinkage magnetic flux (d-axis interlinkage magnetic flux / primary interlinkage magnetic flux) of the electric motor 5 increases.
- FIG. 12A shows the regenerative energy total amount Ereg and the efficiency characteristics of the converter (rectifier unit 2 + smoothing unit 3).
- FIG. 12B shows the efficiency characteristic of the inverter (orthogonal transform unit 4).
- (C) of FIG. 12 is a graph showing the characteristics of the total amount of regenerative energy Ereg and the total efficiency (converter + inverter). As shown in (c) of FIG. 12, when the total amount of regenerative energy Ereg becomes excessive, the total efficiency of “converter (rectifying unit 2 + smoothing unit 3) + inverter (orthogonal transformation unit 4)” decreases.
- a limit value is provided for the total amount of regenerative energy Ereg in order to realize the necessary minimum (predetermined efficiency target value), and from the electric motor 5
- the regenerative energy total amount Ereg is controlled below the limit value.
- FIG. 10 is a second operational characteristic diagram of the inverter control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the AC voltage absolute value of the AC power supply 1 (the broken line portion in FIG. 10A) and The waveform of the smoothing voltage applied to the orthogonal transformation unit 4 (solid line portion in FIG. 10A) and the bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal transformation unit 4 flowing in the current detection unit 7 (FIG. 10B).
- FIG. 10 in contrast to FIG. 9, not only the total amount of regenerative energy Ereg but also the regeneration period is reduced. As a result, reactive power caused by regenerative energy charged from the electric motor 5 to the capacitor 32 can be reduced.
- the method of estimating the magnetic flux is employed, and the linkage flux setting value (d-axis linkage flux setting value / primary linkage flux setting value) of the electric motor 5 corresponding to the limit value of the total regenerative energy Ereg is provided.
- the interlinkage magnetic flux of the electric motor 5 also depends on load conditions (rotation speed, load torque, environmental temperature, etc.), and therefore, based on actual machine test results and simulation analysis results, for example, in advance
- a plurality of interlinkage magnetic flux setting values are provided as table data for each rotation speed.
- the interlinkage magnetic flux setting values ( ⁇ Aset, ⁇ Bset) are provided for two different load conditions (A, B).
- the linkage flux setting value (d-axis linkage flux setting value / primary linkage flux setting value)
- the regenerative energy charged from the motor 5 to the capacitor 32 based on the actual machine test results and simulation analysis results. It is preferable to set it to be 2.5 times or less of the flux linkage in the case where becomes zero.
- the linkage flux setting value ⁇ Aset is set so as to satisfy the condition of the following formula 3. .
- the magnetic flux estimating unit 17 estimates the interlinkage magnetic flux of the electric motor 5, and the interlinkage magnetic flux estimated value is equal to or less than the preset interlinkage magnetic flux setting value, and At least one of an average value of current command values given to the electric motor 5 in the current control unit 13, an average value of effective values of the armature current converted by the phase current conversion unit 15, and an average value of peak values of the armature current.
- the current phase difference adjustment unit 14 adjusts the phase difference of the current with respect to the induced voltage generated by the electric motor 5 so that the two values are minimized.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an outline of the first processing flow of the inverter control device according to the first embodiment, and the capacitor 32 of the smoothing unit 3 in the inverter control device according to the first embodiment has a remarkably small capacity.
- the armature current of the motor 5 pulsates greatly. Therefore, prior to the estimation of the interlinkage magnetic flux of the electric motor 5 in the magnetic flux estimating unit 17, the speed command value given from the outside is made constant, and the electric motor 5 is set to a predetermined rotational speed, for example, a plurality of rotational speeds of the table data described above. It fixes to one of them (S101).
- the magnetic flux estimation unit 17 first calculates the average value Ia of the effective values of the armature current converted by the phase current conversion unit 15 for each predetermined time Ta set in advance as shown in the following formula 4. (S102).
- armature current is a three-phase AC coordinate system Coordinate conversion is performed from (iu, iv, iw) to the rotating coordinate system (id, iq).
- the predetermined time Ta it is preferable to set an integer multiple of the smoothing voltage fluctuation period.
- ida d-axis current average value
- iqa q-axis current average value
- ⁇ T current phase difference setting value
- ⁇ da d-axis linkage flux average value
- ⁇ qa q-axis linkage flux average value
- ⁇ da ⁇ 2 ⁇ da square value
- ⁇ qa ⁇ 2 ⁇ qa square value
- ⁇ 1a primary flux linkage average value
- the magnetic flux estimator 17 can calculate the interlinkage magnetic flux of the electric motor 5 by the calculations of Equations 4 to 9, so that it is not necessary to provide a new sensor or the like in detecting the interlinkage magnetic flux, and the cost can be reduced. This is advantageous.
- the linkage flux estimated value (d-axis linkage flux average value ⁇ da / primary linkage flux average value ⁇ 1a) estimated by the flux estimation unit 17 is preset. It is determined whether or not it is equal to or less than the flux setting value (d-axis linkage flux setting value / primary linkage flux setting value) (S104).
- the linkage flux estimated value (d-axis linkage flux average value ⁇ da / primary linkage flux average value ⁇ 1a) is calculated as the linkage flux set value ( The current phase difference ⁇ T is monotonously increased by a predetermined change width ⁇ 1 until the d-axis interlinkage magnetic flux setting value / primary interlinkage magnetic flux setting value) or less (S106).
- the total amount Ereg of regenerative energy from the electric motor 5 can be controlled to be equal to or less than a predetermined limit value.
- the linkage flux estimated value (d-axis linkage flux average value ⁇ da / primary linkage flux average value ⁇ 1a) is the linkage flux setting value (d-axis linkage flux setting value / primary linkage flux setting value).
- the current phase difference adjustment unit 14 As an operation of the current phase difference adjustment unit 14 after the following, the current phase difference ⁇ T is changed by a predetermined change width ⁇ 2 (change width is smaller than ⁇ 1), and the armature current before and after the change of the current phase difference ⁇ T is changed.
- the current phase difference ⁇ T is adjusted so that the value of Ia becomes the minimum value based on the change in the average value Ia (calculated by the equation 4) of S (S105).
- the average value Ia of the effective values of the armature current with respect to the current phase difference ⁇ T varies with a quadratic function having a minimum value. For this reason, first, the current phase difference ⁇ T is increased by the change amount ⁇ 2, and when the change of the average value Ia is decreasing before and after the change of the current phase difference ⁇ T, the current phase difference ⁇ T is further increased by ⁇ 2. Conversely, when the change in the average value Ia is in the increasing direction before and after the change in the current phase difference ⁇ T, the current phase difference ⁇ T is decreased by ⁇ 2.
- the average value Ia can be set to the minimum value.
- the efficiency of the “converter (rectifying unit + smoothing unit) + inverter (orthogonal transforming unit)” is optimized (minimum necessary (predetermined efficiency) While achieving the total efficiency of the target value), the armature current of the motor 5 is suppressed to a minimum, so that the reduction in the motor efficiency can be reduced and the efficiency of the entire system can be optimized.
- the flux estimator 17 calculates the estimated flux linkage value using the average value Ia of the effective values of the armature current converted by the phase current converter 15. As in 4a, an average value Ipa of the peak values of the armature current converted by the phase current converter 15 may be used.
- the d-axis current average value ida and the q-axis current average value iqa are calculated using the following formulas 8a and 9a, and the flux linkage estimated value is calculated by the calculations of the above formulas 5 to 7. It ’s fine.
- the value of the average value Ia becomes the minimum value based on the change of the average value Ia of the effective value of the armature current before and after the change of the current phase difference ⁇ T, as shown in Expression 4b.
- the magnetic flux estimation unit 17 uses the average value Ipa of the peak value of the armature current
- the armature is instead of the average value Ia of the effective value of the armature current.
- the current phase difference ⁇ T may be adjusted so that the average value Ipa becomes the minimum value.
- the magnetic flux estimation unit 17 uses an average value Ia * (corresponding to an average value of the effective value of the armature current) of the current command value set by the current control unit 13 expressed by the following equation 4b. May be.
- id * d-axis current command value
- iq * q-axis current command value
- id * ⁇ 2 square value of id *
- iq * ⁇ 2 square value of iq *.
- the current phase difference adjusting unit 14 based on the change in the average value Ia of the effective values of the armature current before and after the change of the current phase difference ⁇ T, the current phase difference is adjusted so that the average value Ia becomes the minimum value.
- ⁇ T is adjusted, but when the average value Ia * of the current command value is used in the magnetic flux estimating unit 17, the average value Ia * of the current command value is used instead of the average value Ia of the effective value of the armature current. Is used to adjust the current phase difference ⁇ T so that the average value Ia * becomes the minimum value.
- the resonance frequency fLC of the reactor 31 and the capacitor 32 is set to 40 times the power supply frequency fs to suppress the harmonic component of the input current from the AC power supply 1 and clear the IEC standard.
- the combination of the reactor 31 and the capacitor 32 is determined so that the above is satisfied (so that the constraint condition of fLC ⁇ (40 ⁇ fs) is satisfied).
- the resonance frequency fLC is expressed by the following equation (10).
- the capacity of the reactor 31 is selected in the range of L1 ⁇ 0.633 [mH] based on the above-described constraints and Equation 14.
- the electric motor 5 includes a magnet generated in accordance with the field magnetic flux generated by the magnet of the rotor 52 and the armature current flowing in the armature windings (51u, 51v, 51w) of the stator 51.
- This is a specification in which the torque and the reluctance torque generated in accordance with the inductance change of the armature winding (51u, 51v, 51w) and the armature current are used in combination, and the ratio of the reluctance torque is increased.
- the difference from the conventional motor specification mainly based on magnet torque will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 13 shows the motor output torque (magnet torque and reluctance torque between the motor specification (1) based on the conventional magnet torque and the motor specification (2) with an increased ratio of the reluctance torque related to the inverter control device of the first embodiment. It is the figure which showed the characteristic of synthetic torque.
- the characteristic curve of the motor specification (1) based on the conventional magnet torque is shown by a broken line
- the characteristic curve of the motor specification (2) with an increased reluctance torque ratio is shown by a solid line.
- the magnetic flux estimation unit 17 and the current phase difference adjustment unit 14 indirectly detect the total regenerative energy Ereg from the motor 5 by estimating the interlinkage magnetic flux of the electric motor 5, and estimate the interlinkage magnetic flux.
- the current phase difference ⁇ T so that the value is equal to or less than the preset flux linkage
- the total amount of regenerative energy Ereg is controlled to be equal to or less than the limit value.
- the specifications of the electric motor 5 as follows, it is possible to control so that the total amount of regenerative energy Ereg is less than or equal to the limit value.
- the actual linkage flux (d-axis linkage flux / primary linkage flux) of the motor controlled by the drive control unit 6 is charged from the motor to the capacitor 32 at a predetermined rotation speed and load torque.
- the specification of the motor is determined so that it is 2.5 times or less of the interlinkage magnetic flux when the regenerative energy generated becomes zero (the specifications of the motor related to the interlinkage magnetic flux are d-axis inductance Ld, q-axis inductance Lq , The electromotive force coefficient ⁇ ).
- the regenerative energy from the electric motor is surely suppressed to a predetermined value or less, thereby “converter (rectifying unit + smoothing unit) + inverter (orthogonal).
- the efficiency optimization of the “conversion unit” (realization of the total efficiency of the minimum necessary (predetermined efficiency target value)) can be reliably achieved.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a system configuration of the inverter control apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- components having the same functions and configurations as those of the inverter control device of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is duplicated when the operations are the same. Omitted and different items will be described.
- the difference from the inverter control device of the first embodiment is as a component based on the detected value of the bus current on the DC side of the orthogonal transform unit 4 detected by the current detection unit 7.
- the regenerative period measurement unit 18 is newly provided for measuring the period during which the regenerative current is flowing from the electric motor 5 to the capacitor 32 every fluctuation cycle of the smoothing voltage.
- the estimated flux linkage value estimated by the flux estimation unit 17 is equal to or less than the preset linkage flux set value and measured by the regeneration period measurement unit 18.
- the measured regeneration period value is equal to or less than the preset regeneration period set value, and the average value of the current command value given to the motor 5 in the current control unit 13, the effective armature current converted by the phase current conversion unit 15.
- the phase difference of the current with respect to the induced voltage generated by the electric motor 5 is adjusted so that at least one of the average value and the average value of the peak value of the armature current becomes the minimum value.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an outline of a second processing flow in the inverter control apparatus of the second embodiment. Similar to the inverter control device of the first embodiment, the inverter control device of the second embodiment uses a capacitor 32 of the smoothing unit 3 that has a remarkably small capacity, and the motor 5 has a large armature current. It pulsates. For this reason, prior to the estimation of the interlinkage magnetic flux of the electric motor 5 in the magnetic flux estimation unit 17, the speed command value given from the outside is made constant, and the electric motor 5 is set to a predetermined rotational speed, for example, as described in the first embodiment. The table data is fixed to one of a plurality of rotation speeds (S201).
- the regeneration period measurement unit 18 measures a period during which the bus current detection value on the DC side of the orthogonal transform unit 4 detected by the current detection unit 7 is negative every predetermined time Ta set in advance (S202). .
- the bus current detection value is less than a predetermined value (set in view of the influence of ⁇ ⁇ , noise, etc.) by a counter or the like.
- the regeneration period measurement value Treg for each smoothing voltage fluctuation period is It can be calculated by the following formula 11.
- the detected value of the armature current flowing in the motor 5 can be used together with the phase current conversion unit 15, so that it is not necessary to newly provide a sensor or the like in the configuration of the second embodiment. This is advantageous.
- the magnetic flux estimator 17 first calculates an average value Ia of the effective values of the armature current converted by the phase current converter 15 for each predetermined time Ta set in advance (S203).
- the magnetic flux estimating unit 17 is based on the calculated average value Ia of the effective value of the armature current and the specification values (d-axis inductance Ld, q-axis inductance Lq, electromotive force coefficient ⁇ ) of the electric motor 5 set in advance. Then, the interlinkage magnetic flux in the orthogonal biaxial coordinate system is calculated by Equations 5 to 9 (S204).
- the linkage flux estimated value (d-axis linkage flux average value ⁇ da / primary linkage flux average value ⁇ 1a) estimated by the flux estimation unit 17 is preset. It is determined whether or not it is equal to or less than the flux setting value (d-axis linkage flux setting value / primary linkage flux setting value) (S205).
- the linkage flux estimated value (d-axis linkage flux average value ⁇ da / primary linkage flux average value ⁇ 1a) is calculated as the linkage flux set value ( field-weakening operation is performed by monotonically increasing the current phase difference ⁇ T by a predetermined change width ⁇ 1 every predetermined time Ta until it becomes equal to or less than (d-axis linkage flux setting value / primary linkage flux setting value) (S209).
- the total amount Ereg of regenerative energy from the electric motor 5 can be controlled to be equal to or less than a predetermined limit value.
- the estimated value of linkage flux (d-axis linkage flux average value ⁇ da / primary linkage flux average value ⁇ 1a) is changed to linkage flux setting value (d-axis linkage flux setting value / primary linkage flux setting).
- the regeneration period measurement value Treg measured by the regeneration period measurement unit 18 is equal to or less than a preset regeneration period set value ( S206).
- the current phase difference ⁇ T is set to a predetermined change width ⁇ 3 ( ⁇ 1) every predetermined time Ta until the regeneration period measurement value Treg becomes equal to or less than the regeneration period setting value.
- the change width is smaller than that, and the change width is larger than ⁇ 2; ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1) is monotonously increased to perform field-weakening operation, and the regeneration period is optimized (S208).
- the current phase difference ⁇ T is changed to a predetermined change width ⁇ 2 (change width is larger than ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 3). Small; ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1) is changed so that the value of Ia becomes the minimum value based on the change of the average value Ia (calculated by Formula 4) of the effective value of the armature current before and after the change of the current phase difference ⁇ T.
- the current phase difference ⁇ T is adjusted to (S207).
- the period during which regenerative energy and regenerative current from the electric motor 5 are flowing is controlled to be equal to or less than a predetermined value, respectively, so that the non-passage period of the input current from the AC power supply 1 is surely suppressed to a predetermined value or less.
- the armature current of the motor 5 is reduced. By suppressing it to the minimum, it is possible to reduce the reduction in the motor efficiency and optimize the efficiency of the entire system.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a system configuration of the inverter control apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- components having the same functions and configurations as those of the inverter control device of the first embodiment (FIG. 1) and the inverter control device of the second embodiment (FIG. 2) are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the description will be omitted, and the description will be omitted and different matters will be described.
- the inverter control device is different from the inverter control device according to the second embodiment (FIG. 2) as an AC voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage of the AC power source 1 as a constituent element.
- the voltage detection unit 9 and the absolute value conversion unit 19 that calculates the absolute value of the AC voltage detection value Vac detected by the AC voltage detection unit 9 are newly provided.
- the period during which the regenerative current flows from the motor 5 to the capacitor 32 is measured. Note that the frequency at which the AC voltage detection value Vac and the smoothing voltage detection value Vdc are detected is the same, and the timing for detecting them is preferably relatively close.
- the detection period of the AC current detection value Vac and the smoothing voltage detection value Vdc is Tsmp, and the regeneration period measurement unit 18 uses a counter or the like to calculate “Vdc>
- the regeneration period measurement value Treg2 for each cycle can be calculated by the following equation 12.
- the inverter control device is configured so that the regenerative current flows from the motor 5 to the capacitor 32 based on the magnitude relationship between the absolute value
- the period during which the regenerative current flows from the electric motor 5 to the capacitor 32 can be reliably measured even when the voltage distortion of the AC power supply 1 or the power supply frequency fluctuates.
- the configuration includes the current control unit 13 that derives the current command value so that the rotation speed of the motor 5 matches the speed command value based on deviation information from the speed command value given from the outside.
- the inverter control device according to the present invention includes a torque control unit that derives the torque command value Tq * instead of the current command value, and the current phase difference adjustment unit 14 uses the torque command value for each predetermined time Ta.
- the current phase difference ⁇ T may be adjusted so that the average value Tqa * of Tq * becomes the minimum value.
- the configuration including the rotor position speed estimation unit 16 that estimates the rotor magnetic pole position and the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 has been described. It goes without saying that a position sensor for detecting the magnetic pole position of the rotor such as an encoder or resolver may be used instead of the unit 16.
- the direct current side bus current of the orthogonal transform unit 4 is directly detected and indirectly detected from the detected value of the bus current.
- the armature current flowing through the motor 5 is detected.
- the inverter control apparatus according to the present invention may use a current sensor such as DC-CT as the current detection means.
- the phase current conversion unit 15 is not necessary.
- the current phase difference adjustment unit 14 performs phase adjustment only when the smoothed voltage detection value detected by the smoothing voltage detection unit 8 is less than an arbitrary set value.
- the arbitrary set value refers to the AC voltage value of the AC power source 1, the reactor 31 of the smoothing unit 3, It is set in consideration of the capacity of the capacitor 32 and the like.
- the phase adjustment is performed by the current phase difference adjustment unit 14 only when the absolute value of the AC voltage detection value converted by the absolute value conversion unit 19 is less than an arbitrary set value.
- the processing time of the microcomputer, the system LSI, etc. can be shortened.
- the arbitrary set value is within the range of the maximum value of the charging voltage of the capacitor 32 by the regenerative energy from the electric motor 5 to the maximum value of the absolute value of the AC voltage detection value, the AC voltage value of the AC power source 1, smoothing
- the capacity of the reactor 31 and the capacitor 32 of the unit 3 is set in consideration.
- the inverter control device of the present invention uses a motor with a high reluctance torque ratio corresponding to the inverter control device configured with a small-capacitance capacitor, and controls regenerative energy from the motor. Therefore, it is possible to optimize the efficiency of the electric motor drive system, and therefore, the present invention can be applied to the use of driving an electric motor such as an air conditioner such as an air conditioner, a freezer refrigerator, and a vacuum cleaner.
- an air conditioner such as an air conditioner, a freezer refrigerator, and a vacuum cleaner.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
界磁磁束および電機子電流に伴って発生するマグネットトルクと、電機子巻線のインダクタンス変化および電機子電流に伴って発生するリラクタンストルクとを併用して利用し、そのリラクタンストルクの割合を高めた電動機を駆動するインバータ制御装置であって、
交流電源を入力とする整流部と、
前記整流部の出力電圧が交流電源周波数の略2倍周波で脈動するようコンデンサの値を設定した平滑部と、
前記電動機を駆動するため前記平滑部からの平滑電圧を所望の交流電圧に変換する直交変換部と、
前記平滑電圧に対応した電動機駆動を行うための情報を前記直交変換部に伝達する駆動制御部と、
前記電動機の電機子電流を検出する電流検出部と、を備え、
前記駆動制御部は、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流に基づいて前記電動機の鎖交磁束を推定する磁束推定部と、前記電動機が発生する誘起電圧に対する電機子電流の位相差を調整する電流位相差調整部とを含み、
前記磁束推定部で推定された鎖交磁束推定値が予め設定された鎖交磁束設定値以下であり、かつ前記電動機に与えるトルク指令値または電流指令値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流の実効値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流のピーク値の平均値のうち少なくともいずれか1つの値が最小値となるように前記電流位相差調整部において位相調整を行うよう構成されている。
界磁磁束および電機子電流に伴って発生するマグネットトルクと、電機子巻線のインダクタンス変化および電機子電流に伴って発生するリラクタンストルクとを併用して利用し、そのリラクタンストルクの割合を高めた電動機を駆動するインバータ制御装置であって、
交流電源を入力とする整流部と、
前記整流部の出力電圧が交流電源周波数の略2倍周波で脈動するようコンデンサの値を設定した平滑部と、
前記電動機を駆動するため前記平滑部からの平滑電圧を所望の交流電圧に変換する直交変換部と、
前記平滑電圧に対応した電動機駆動を行うための情報を前記直交変換部に伝達する駆動制御部と、
前記電動機の電機子電流を検出する電流検出部と、を備え、
前記駆動制御部は、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流に基づいて前記電動機の鎖交磁束を推定する磁束推定部と、前記電動機が発生する誘起電圧に対する電機子電流の位相差を調整する電流位相差調整部とを含み、
前記磁束推定部で推定された鎖交磁束推定値が予め設定された鎖交磁束設定値以下であり、かつ前記電動機に与えるトルク指令値または電流指令値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流の実効値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流のピーク値の平均値のうち少なくともいずれか1つの値が最小値となるように前記電流位相差調整部において位相調整を行うよう構成されている。
このように構成された本発明に係る第1の態様のインバータ制御装置は、電動機からの回生エネルギーを所定値以下に制御することにより、「コンバータ(整流部+平滑部)+インバータ(直交変換部)」の効率最適化を図り、電動機の電機子電流を最小限に抑制することで電動機効率の低下を軽減して、システム全体の効率を最適化することができる。
前記磁束推定部で推定された鎖交磁束推定値が予め設定された鎖交磁束設定値以下であり、かつ前記回生期間計測部で計測された回生期間計測値が予め設定された回生期間設定値以下であり、かつ前記電動機に与えるトルク指令値または電流指令値の平均値、前記電流検出手段により検出された電機子電流の実効値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流のピーク値の平均値のうち少なくともいずれか1つの値が最小値となるように前記電流位相差調整部において位相調整を行うよう構成しても良い。
このように構成された本発明に係る第2の態様のインバータ制御装置は、電動機からの回生エネルギーおよび回生電流が流れている期間をそれぞれ所定値以下に制御することにより、交流電源からの入力電流の不通流期間を確実に所定値以下に抑制しつつ「コンバータ(整流部+平滑部)+インバータ(直交変換部)」の効率最適化を図り、電動機の電機子電流を最小限に抑制することで電動機効率の低下を軽減して、システム全体の効率を最適化することができる。
このように構成された本発明に係る第3の態様のインバータ制御装置は、演算により電動機の鎖交磁束を算出することができるため、センサ等を新たに設ける必要がなくコスト面で有利となる。
前記回生期間計測部は、前記絶対値変換部で変換された交流電圧検出値の絶対値と、前記平滑電圧検出部で検出された平滑電圧検出値との大小関係に基づいて、前記電動機から前記コンデンサに回生電流が流れている期間を計測するよう構成しても良い。
このように構成された本発明に係る第4の態様のインバータ制御装置は、交流電源の電圧歪、および/または電源周波数が変動した場合でも確実に電動機からコンデンサに回生電流が流れている期間を計測することができる。
前記回生期間計測部は、前記母線電流の検出値に基づいて前記電動機から前記コンデンサに回生電流が流れている期間を計測するよう構成されても良い。
このように構成された本発明に係る第5の態様のインバータ制御装置は、電動機に流れる電機子電流の検出を併用できるため、センサ等を新たに設ける必要がなくコスト面で有利となる。
このように構成された本発明に係る第6の態様のインバータ制御装置は、マイクロコンピュータおよびシステムLSI等の処理時間の短縮を図ることができる。
前記絶対値変換部で変換された交流電圧検出値の絶対値が任意の設定値未満の場合にのみ、前記電流位相差調整部で位相調整を行うよう構成されても良い。
このように構成された本発明に係る第7の態様のインバータ制御装置は、マイクロコンピュータおよびシステムLSI等の処理時間の短縮を図ることができる。
このように構成された本発明に係る第8の態様のインバータ制御装置は、マイクロコンピュータおよびシステムLSI等の処理時間の短縮を図ることができる。
このように構成された本発明に係る第9の態様のインバータ制御装置は、交流電源からの入力電流における電源高調波特性の高性能化を実現することができる。
このように構成された本発明に係る第10の態様のインバータ制御装置は、電動機からの回生エネルギーを所定値以下に確実に制御することにより、「コンバータ(整流部+平滑部)+インバータ(直交変換部)」の効率の最適化を図ることができる。
このように構成された本発明に係る第11の態様のインバータ制御装置は、電動機からの回生エネルギーを所定値以下に確実に抑制することにより、「コンバータ(整流部+平滑部)+インバータ(直交変換部)」の効率の最適化を図ることができる。
図1は、本発明に係る実施の形態1のインバータ制御装置のシステム構成を示す図である。実施の形態1のインバータ制御装置は、単相交流電源である商用電源等の交流電源1により電力が供給されて、供給された交流電源1を全波整流するダイオードブリッジで構成された整流手段である整流部2と、整流部2からの出力電圧が交流電源1の電源周波数の略2倍周波で大きく脈動するようにコンデンサ32の値が設定された平滑手段である平滑部3と、平滑部3からの平滑電圧を所望の周波数、電圧値の交流電圧に変換する直交変換手段である直交変換部4と、平滑電圧に対応した電動機駆動を行うための情報を直交変換部4に伝達する駆動制御手段である駆動制御部6と、を備える。
図2は、本発明に係る実施の形態2のインバータ制御装置のシステム構成を示す図である。実施の形態2において、前述の実施の形態1のインバータ制御装置(図1)と同じ機能、構成を有するものには同一符号を付し、その動作が同一の場合には、説明が重複するため省略して、異なる事項について説明する。
図3は、本発明に係る実施の形態3のインバータ制御装置のシステム構成を示す図である。実施の形態3において、前述の実施の形態1のインバータ制御装置(図1)および実施の形態2のインバータ制御装置(図2)と同じ機能、構成を有するものには同一符号を付し、その動作が同一の場合には、説明が重複するため省略して、異なる事項について説明する。
2 整流部
3 平滑部
4 直交変換部
5 電動機
6 駆動制御部
7 電流検出部
8 平滑電圧検出部
9 交流電圧検出部
10 ベースドライバ
12 PWM信号生成部
13 電流制御部
14 電流位相差調整部
15 相電流変換部
16 回転子位置速度推定部
17 磁束推定部
18 回生期間計測部
19 絶対値変換部
31 リアクタ
32 コンデンサ
41u~41z スイッチング素子
42u~42z 還流ダイオード
51 固定子
51u~51w 電機子巻線
52 回転子
Claims (11)
- 界磁磁束および電機子電流に伴って発生するマグネットトルクと、電機子巻線のインダクタンス変化および電機子電流に伴って発生するリラクタンストルクとを併用して利用し、そのリラクタンストルクの割合を高めた電動機を駆動するインバータ制御装置であって、
交流電源を入力とする整流部と、
前記整流部の出力電圧が交流電源周波数の略2倍周波で脈動するようコンデンサの値を設定した平滑部と、
前記電動機を駆動するため前記平滑部からの平滑電圧を所望の交流電圧に変換する直交変換部と、
前記平滑電圧に対応した電動機駆動を行うための情報を前記直交変換部に伝達する駆動制御部と、
前記電動機の電機子電流を検出する電流検出部と、を備え、
前記駆動制御部は、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流に基づいて前記電動機の鎖交磁束を推定する磁束推定部と、前記電動機が発生する誘起電圧に対する電機子電流の位相差を調整する電流位相差調整部とを含み、
前記磁束推定部で推定された鎖交磁束推定値が予め設定された鎖交磁束設定値以下であり、かつ前記電動機に与えるトルク指令値または電流指令値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流の実効値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流のピーク値の平均値のうち少なくともいずれか1つの値が最小値となるように前記電流位相差調整部において位相調整を行うよう構成されたインバータ制御装置。 - 前記駆動制御手段は、前記電動機から前記コンデンサに回生電流が流れている期間を計測する回生期間計測部をさらに含み、
前記磁束推定部で推定された鎖交磁束推定値が予め設定された鎖交磁束設定値以下であり、かつ前記回生期間計測部で計測された回生期間計測値が予め設定された回生期間設定値以下であり、かつ前記電動機に与えるトルク指令値または電流指令値の平均値、前記電流検出手段により検出された電機子電流の実効値の平均値、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流のピーク値の平均値のうち少なくともいずれか1つの値が最小値となるように前記電流位相差調整部において位相調整を行うよう構成された請求項1に記載のインバータ制御装置。 - 前記磁束推定部は、予め設定された前記電動機の諸元値と、前記電流検出部により検出された電機子電流とに基づいて、直交2軸座標系の鎖交磁束を算出して推定するよう構成された請求項1または2に記載のインバータ制御装置。
- 前記交流電源の電圧を検出する交流電圧検出部と、前記交流電圧検出部により検出された交流電圧検出値の絶対値を算出する絶対値変換部と、前記平滑電圧を検出する平滑電圧検出部と、をさらに備え、
前記回生期間計測部は、前記絶対値変換部で変換された交流電圧検出値の絶対値と、前記平滑電圧検出部で検出された平滑電圧検出値との大小関係に基づいて、前記電動機から前記コンデンサに回生電流が流れている期間を計測するよう構成された請求項2または3に記載のインバータ制御装置。 - 前記電流検出部は、前記直交変換部の直流側の母線電流を直接検出し、その母線電流の検出値から間接的に前記電動機に流れる電機子電流を検出するよう構成され、
前記回生期間計測部は、前記母線電流の検出値に基づいて前記電動機から前記コンデンサに回生電流が流れている期間を計測するよう構成された請求項2または3に記載のインバータ制御装置。 - 前記平滑電圧を検出する平滑電圧検出部をさらに備え、前記平滑電圧検出部で検出された平滑電圧検出値が任意の設定値未満の場合にのみ、前記電流位相差調整部で位相調整を行うよう構成された請求項1、2、3または5のいずれか1項に記載のインバータ制御装置。
- 前記交流電源の電圧を検出する交流電圧検出部と、前記交流電圧検出部で検出された交流電圧検出値の絶対値を算出する絶対値変換部と、をさらに備え、
前記絶対値変換部で変換された交流電圧検出値の絶対値が任意の設定値未満の場合にのみ、前記電流位相差調整部で位相調整を行うよう構成された請求項1、2、3または5のいずれか1項に記載のインバータ制御装置。 - 前記平滑電圧検出部で検出された平滑電圧検出値、および前記絶対値変換部で変換された交流電圧検出値の絶対値のうち少なくともいずれか1つの値が任意の設定値未満の場合にのみ、前記電流位相差調整部で位相調整を行うよう構成された請求項4に記載のインバータ制御装置。
- 前記平滑部は、コンデンサおよびリアクタで構成され、前記コンデンサおよびリアクタにより求められる共振周波数を、交流電源周波数の40倍以上になるよう設定するよう構成された請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載のインバータ制御装置。
- 前記鎖交磁束設定値は、前記電動機から前記コンデンサへ充電される回生エネルギーがゼロとなる場合の鎖交磁束の2.5倍以下となるように設定された請求項1乃至9のいずれか1項に記載のインバータ制御装置。
- 所定の回転数および負荷トルクにおいて、前記駆動制御部で制御される前記電動機の鎖交磁束が、前記電動機から前記コンデンサへ充電される回生エネルギーがゼロとなる場合の鎖交磁束の2.5倍以下となるように前記電動機の仕様を決定するよう構成された請求項1乃至10のいずれか1項に記載のインバータ制御装置。
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES12865488.6T ES2654860T3 (es) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-12-06 | Dispositivo para controlar un inversor |
| EP12865488.6A EP2804311B1 (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-12-06 | Inverter control device |
| KR1020137031648A KR20140114737A (ko) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-12-06 | 인버터 제어 장치 |
| CN201280026489.9A CN103563243B (zh) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-12-06 | 逆变器控制装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012003718A JP2013143878A (ja) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | インバータ制御装置 |
| JP2012-003718 | 2012-01-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013105173A1 true WO2013105173A1 (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
Family
ID=48781152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/007815 Ceased WO2013105173A1 (ja) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-12-06 | インバータ制御装置 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2804311B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2013143878A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20140114737A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103563243B (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2654860T3 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2013105173A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016046848A (ja) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-04-04 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
| WO2019225373A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | 株式会社ミツバ | モータ駆動装置 |
| US11390723B2 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2022-07-19 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Cellulose-aluminum-dispersing polyethylene resin composite material, pellet and formed body using same, and production method therefor |
| US20230179114A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-06-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Energy converter |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2995816B1 (de) * | 2014-09-10 | 2020-04-22 | maxon international ag | Verfahren zur überwachung und regelung eines elektromotors zum antrieb einer pumpe |
| US10411620B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2019-09-10 | Koki Holdings Co., Ltd. | Power tool |
| WO2017033320A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電源回生コンバータおよびモータ制御装置 |
| KR102538591B1 (ko) | 2016-11-23 | 2023-05-31 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 전동식 컴프레서 |
| CN109245629A (zh) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 佛山市顺德区和而泰电子科技有限公司 | 无电解电容永磁电机的foc控制系统 |
| CN113424436B (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2024-07-19 | 大金工业株式会社 | 电动机驱动装置以及冷却装置 |
| CN114584032B (zh) * | 2022-03-28 | 2025-07-22 | 浙江理工大学 | 无电解电容同步磁阻电机变频驱动系统及控制方法 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001119978A (ja) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-04-27 | Daikin Ind Ltd | ブラシレスdcモータ制御方法およびその装置 |
| JP2009065758A (ja) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 昇圧コンバータの制御装置および制御方法 |
| JP2009177934A (ja) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-08-06 | Panasonic Corp | モータ駆動用インバータ制御装置 |
| JP2009183051A (ja) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-08-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 同期機の制御装置 |
| JP2011010430A (ja) * | 2009-06-25 | 2011-01-13 | Panasonic Corp | モータの駆動装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI121491B (fi) * | 2004-11-11 | 2010-11-30 | Vacon Oyj | Taajuusmuuttajan ylijännitesuojaus |
| US7586286B2 (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2009-09-08 | Continental Automotive Systems Us, Inc. | Method and apparatus for motor control |
| JP4457124B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-06 | 2010-04-28 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | コンバータ・インバータ装置 |
| JP2009100558A (ja) * | 2007-10-17 | 2009-05-07 | Panasonic Corp | モータ駆動用インバータ制御装置 |
| WO2009144957A1 (ja) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | パナソニック株式会社 | 同期電動機駆動システム |
| CN102326329B (zh) * | 2009-03-30 | 2015-12-16 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 交流电机的控制装置及交流电机驱动系统 |
| JP4915439B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-05 | 2012-04-11 | 株式会社デンソー | 回転機の制御装置 |
| CN102195558B (zh) * | 2010-03-16 | 2014-08-13 | 施耐德东芝换流器欧洲公司 | 较小电容的多电平变速驱动器及其控制方法 |
-
2012
- 2012-01-12 JP JP2012003718A patent/JP2013143878A/ja active Pending
- 2012-12-06 ES ES12865488.6T patent/ES2654860T3/es active Active
- 2012-12-06 CN CN201280026489.9A patent/CN103563243B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-12-06 WO PCT/JP2012/007815 patent/WO2013105173A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2012-12-06 EP EP12865488.6A patent/EP2804311B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-12-06 KR KR1020137031648A patent/KR20140114737A/ko not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001119978A (ja) * | 1999-08-12 | 2001-04-27 | Daikin Ind Ltd | ブラシレスdcモータ制御方法およびその装置 |
| JP2009065758A (ja) * | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 昇圧コンバータの制御装置および制御方法 |
| JP2009177934A (ja) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-08-06 | Panasonic Corp | モータ駆動用インバータ制御装置 |
| JP2009183051A (ja) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-08-13 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 同期機の制御装置 |
| JP2011010430A (ja) * | 2009-06-25 | 2011-01-13 | Panasonic Corp | モータの駆動装置 |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016046848A (ja) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-04-04 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
| US11390723B2 (en) | 2016-12-05 | 2022-07-19 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Cellulose-aluminum-dispersing polyethylene resin composite material, pellet and formed body using same, and production method therefor |
| WO2019225373A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-23 | 2019-11-28 | 株式会社ミツバ | モータ駆動装置 |
| US20230179114A1 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2023-06-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Energy converter |
| US12355363B2 (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2025-07-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Energy converter for energy conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103563243A (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
| JP2013143878A (ja) | 2013-07-22 |
| ES2654860T3 (es) | 2018-02-15 |
| KR20140114737A (ko) | 2014-09-29 |
| EP2804311B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
| EP2804311A4 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
| EP2804311A1 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| CN103563243B (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2013105173A1 (ja) | インバータ制御装置 | |
| CN104081655B (zh) | 逆变器控制装置 | |
| JP4693904B2 (ja) | 電動機駆動装置及び圧縮機駆動装置 | |
| AU2009309187B2 (en) | Power conversion device | |
| JP5304937B2 (ja) | 電力変換装置 | |
| JP6078282B2 (ja) | 交流電動機駆動システム及び電動機車両 | |
| CN102780433A (zh) | 一种基于电流控制的无刷直流电机瞬时转矩控制方法 | |
| JP6046446B2 (ja) | ベクトル制御装置、およびそれを用いたモータ制御装置、空調機 | |
| EP4050788B1 (en) | Power conversion device | |
| JP4210048B2 (ja) | インバータの制御方法及びインバータの制御回路 | |
| JP4065375B2 (ja) | モータ駆動装置及びモータ駆動方法 | |
| JP2009183051A (ja) | 同期機の制御装置 | |
| JP2013110859A (ja) | モータ制御装置、および空気調和機 | |
| JP5078925B2 (ja) | 電動機の駆動装置並びに機器 | |
| KR102010386B1 (ko) | 전동기 구동장치 | |
| KR102068180B1 (ko) | 전동기 구동장치 | |
| JP2014090620A (ja) | インバータ制御装置 | |
| Parihar et al. | Performance analysis of improved power quality converter fed PMBLDC motor drive | |
| JP2014090619A (ja) | インバータ制御装置 | |
| JP2014027804A (ja) | 電力変換装置 | |
| JP2012151966A (ja) | 電力変換装置 | |
| JP2025140718A (ja) | 電力制御装置、電力制御方法、及び空気調和機 | |
| JP2017070049A (ja) | ブラシレスdcモータの制御方法、及びインバータ装置 | |
| JP2015195713A (ja) | 電力変換装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12865488 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2012865488 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2012865488 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20137031648 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |