WO2013151199A1 - Highly elastic metal o-ring seal - Google Patents

Description

High Resilience Metal O-ring Seals

The present invention relates to a high-elastic metal O-ring seal, and more particularly to a high-elastic metal O-ring seal made of a metal material so as to airtight the poor operating conditions such as ultra-high pressure, ultra-high vacuum, ultra low temperature in place of the rubber o-ring seal .

In general, rubber o-ring seals are most widely used in pressure and vacuum applications because they can be easily reusable due to high resilience as well as maintain airtightness even with low clamping force. However, rubber is susceptible to heat, which limits its use at high temperatures and is not suitable for use in ultra-high vacuum environments due to its gas permeability and release of rubber. Therefore, a metal material suitable for a poor environment where a rubber material cannot be used is mainly used.

However, metal O-ring seals, which are made of metal materials, require much higher clamping force than rubber o-ring seals, and have a remarkably low elastic restoring force, which is used as a one-time plastic deformation or due to frequent replacement frequency. There was an increasing problem.

Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which a general metal o-ring seal is compressed by a constant load, and FIG. 2 shows a state when the metal o-ring seal is compressed by applying a predetermined load to the general metal o-ring seal and when the predetermined load is removed and restored. This is a graph of the compression / restore characteristic curve measured. In FIG. 2, 'Y ₀ ' is a load at which airtightness is maintained during compression of the metal O-ring seal, 'Y ₂ ' is a load corresponding to proper compression, and 'Y ₁ ' is leakage when the compression is released. It means the load, 'e ₂ ' represents the maximum compression amount.

1 and 2, the general metal O-ring seal is an elastic restoring force is applied during compression by a fastening means such as bolts or clamps, the elastic restoring force to close the interior while narrowing the gap, the airtight performance of the metal O-ring seal And it can be determined that the life is determined according to the elastic restoring force (amount).

That is, the compression and elasticity recovery characteristics of the metal O-ring seal are very important factors influencing the airtight performance and the life time of the metal o-ring seal, and a flexible and excellent elastic resilience material such as rubber may be most suitable for the sealing mechanism. In the case of the metal o-ring seal used in an environment where the rubber o-ring seal cannot be applied, the elastic restoring force is very inferior to the rubber material due to the material property. Therefore, it is necessary to change the structure to a more flexible structure to improve the elastic restoring force.

In order to solve this problem, a structure in which elastic resilience is improved by inserting graphite into the inside of a metal O-ring seal is recently developed, but its use is limited because the structure is very complicated, large, and expensive to manufacture. .

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention by optimizing the shape to increase the flexibility of the structure significantly increases the elastic restoring force compared to the conventional standardized metal ring seal, relatively simple structure Due to the mass production is possible to provide a high elastic metal O-ring seal that can significantly reduce the manufacturing cost.

 The metal O-ring seal according to the present invention for achieving the above object is formed in the shape of a circular ring having a through-hole 110 formed therein, the shape and size of the outer circumferential surface 120 follows a standardized standard, the circumference of the vertical cross section In the metal o-ring seal which adjusts the thickness (t) from the outer circumferential surface 120 to the inner circumferential surface 130 in the direction to increase the elastic restoring force, the upper and lower sides along the circumference at both sides in the circumferential direction of the vertical section. The thickness (t) gradually becomes thinner, and the protrusions 140 protruded in the direction of the center C of the vertical section on the upper and lower inner circumferential surfaces 130 are formed on both sides of the protrusions 140. Groove 141 is formed.

On the other hand, the metal O-ring seal according to the present invention for achieving the above object is formed in a circular ring shape having a through hole 110 therein, the shape and size of the outer peripheral surface 120 follows a standardized standard, vertical cross section In the metal o-ring seal which increases the elastic restoring force by adjusting the thickness t from the outer circumferential surface 120 to the inner circumferential surface 130 in the circumferential direction of the upper and lower sides along the circumference at both sides in the circumferential direction of the vertical section. The thickness (t) gradually becomes thinner toward the lower side, and both positions in the circumferential direction of the vertical cross section are respectively 0 degrees and 180 degrees, and the upper and lower sides are 90 degrees and 270 degrees, respectively. When the thickness of the standard product having a constant thickness from the outer circumferential surface to the inner circumferential surface is 1S, the thickness t in the 0 degree direction is 1.14 to 1.54 S, and the thickness t in the 10 degree direction is 1.12 to 1.51 S and the 20 degree direction. Thickness (t) is 1.10 The thickness t of 1.48S, 30 degrees is 1.04-1.41S, the thickness t of 40 degrees is 0.97-1.31S, and the thickness t of 50 degrees is 0.87-1.18S, 60 degrees. The thickness t is 0.73 to 0.99 S, the thickness t in the 70 degree direction is 0.53 to 0.72 S, the thickness t in the 80 degree direction is 0.29 to 0.39 S, and the thickness t in the 90 degree direction is 0.30 to 0.67. It is determined in S, each thickness t from the 90 degree direction to 180 degree direction, the 180 degree direction to 270 degree direction, and 270 degree to 0 degree, each thickness t from said 0 degree direction to 90 degree direction The thickness t may correspond to the star thickness t.

Further, the thickness t in the 85 degree direction is 0.21 to 0.28S, the thickness t in the direction is 0.21 to 0.29 S, and the thickness t in the 87.50 degree direction is 0.30 to 0.40 S and the thickness t in the 88.75 degree direction. As is determined within 0.30 to 0.61S, the upper and lower inner circumferential surface 130 is formed with projections 140 which are raised in the direction of the center (C) of the vertical cross section, on both sides of the projections 140 Grooves 141 may be formed.

In addition, the thickness t of the 85 degree direction is 0.25S, the thickness t of the 86.25 degree direction is 0.25S, the thickness t of the 87.50 degree direction is 0.35S, and the thickness t of the 88.75 degree direction is 0.53S Can be.

In addition, the thickness t of the 0 degree direction is 1.34S, the thickness t of the 10 degree direction is 1.32S, the thickness t of the 20 degree direction is 1.29S, and the thickness t of the 30 degree direction is 1.23S. , The thickness t in the 40 degree direction is 1.14S, the thickness t in the 50 degree direction is 1.02S, the thickness t in the 60 degree direction is 0.86S, and the thickness t in the 70 degree direction is 0.63S, 80 The thickness t in the FIG. Direction may be 0.34S, and the thickness t in the 90 degree direction may be 0.59S.

In addition, the metal o-ring seal may be made of any one metal material of SS304, SS316, SS321, SS347, Alloy600, Alloy718, AlloyX-750, or Monel400.

In addition, the standardized standard of the metal O-ring seal may be a standard of 4 to 12S.

According to the metal o-ring seal according to the present invention,

First, since the elastic restoring force is increased by optimizing the shape to increase the flexibility of the structure compared with the conventional standardized metal O-ring seal, the life time and the airtight performance is excellent and it is advantageous for reuse.

Second, because of the relatively simple structure, the existing standard product and manufacturing method are the same, and it can replace the metal o-ring seal of the standard product, and since the performance and life time are relatively increased, the periodic replacement cycle of the metal o-ring seal can be extended. Can be.

Third, the shape and size of the outer circumferential surface of the metal O-ring seal follows a standardized standard, and is generally used in various fields because the shape of the inner circumferential surface is modified by adjusting the thickness of the inner circumferential surface irrelevant to the standardized standard. There is an advantage to use.

1 is a schematic view showing a state in which a general metal O-ring seal is compressed by a certain load,

Figure 2 is a graph showing the compression / restoration characteristic curve of a typical metal O-ring seal,

Figure 3 is a perspective view and a partially enlarged view showing the configuration of the metal O-ring seal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a form cut in a vertical section of the metal O-ring seal according to an embodiment of the present invention,

5 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an optimized thickness (t) for each angle (A) of the metal o-ring seal according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

6 to 9 are graphs and data tables showing simulated data, compression / restore characteristic curves, and data obtained through elasto-plastic analysis of standard products according to preferred embodiments of the present invention.

10 to 13 are graphs and data tables showing simulation data, compression / restoration characteristic curves of phase optimized metal O-ring seals discovered through compliant mechanism phase optimization according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

14 to 17 are graphs and data tables showing simulation, compression / restoration characteristic curves of metal O-ring seals applying a dielectric algorithm according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

18 is a table comparing the plastic deformation value and the elastic restoring force value between the metal O-ring seals according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.

First, with reference to Figures 3 to 5 will be described the configuration and function of the metal O-ring seal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Metal O-ring seal 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining a compliant mechanism (Compliant Mechanism) phase optimization to obtain structural data that can increase the flexibility, by applying a shape optimization based on the structure again It is a metal O-ring seal 100 of high elastic resilience that can be manufactured as a real product, and has the following structural characteristics.

 The metal O-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is formed in a circular ring shape having a through hole 110 formed therein so that the shape and size of the outer circumferential surface 120 conform to a standardized standard, and the circumferential direction of the vertical section is As the metal O-ring seal 100 to increase the elastic restoring force by adjusting the thickness (t), that is, the shape of the inner circumferential surface 130 from the outer circumferential surface 120 to the inner circumferential surface 130, as shown in FIGS. Likewise, the thickness (t) gradually becomes thinner toward both the upper and lower sides along the circumference at both side positions in the circumferential direction of the vertical section, and the center (C) of the vertical section on the upper and lower inner circumferential surfaces 130. It is a technical feature that the grooves 141 are formed on both sides of the protrusions 140 while the protrusions 140 protruded in the direction.

That is, the metal o-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention increases the flexibility of the shape of the inner circumferential surface 130 by adjusting the thickness t from the outer circumferential surface 120 to the inner circumferential surface 130 as described above. It can be formed into a structure to improve the elastic restoring force. Therefore, it is possible to increase the airtight performance and life time of the metal O-ring seal 100 while having a general purpose (applicability) by maintaining the outer circumference of the standard metal o-ring seal.

Hereinafter, a process for obtaining the optimized shape data of the metal O-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention by optimizing the shape by applying the above-described dielectric algorithm will be described.

First, the compressive / restoration characteristic data is calculated by performing the elasto-plastic analysis using the finite elements method on the standard products of metal O-ring seals that are actually used and compared with the main performance values of the standard products presented in the catalog of the manufacturer. This verifies the reliability of the elasto-plastic analysis.

Here, the standard product is a product manufactured in a standardized standard for the metal o-ring seal in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and refers to a metal o-ring seal having a uniform thickness by forming concentric circles on the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface.

Here, FIG. 6 is simulation data measuring the state when a certain load is applied and compressed to the standard product, FIG. 7 is simulation data measuring the state when the state is restored by removing the constant load, and FIGS. 6 and 7 The circle indicated by the solid line indicates the shape of the standard without load.

8 and 9 are graphs and tables showing compression / restoration characteristic curves of standard products, seating load values, and permanent deformation values of standard products according to the simulation results, respectively.

As shown in Figure 6 to 9, the seating load (Seating Load) value of the standard product presented in the catalog of the manufacturer is 420, whereas the seating calculated by performing an elasticity analysis according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention The load value is 427, and the permanent strain values are 0.84 and 0.86, respectively, showing slight differences such as 1.64% and 2.33%. That is, through this it is possible to verify the reliability of the elasto-plastic analysis according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Subsequently, the compliant mechanism phase optimization was performed in the elastic region based on the structure of the standard product to obtain the shape of the metal O-ring seal.

10 shows simulation data (strain and stress distribution) when the metal O-ring shape 100 obtained through the compliant mechanism phase optimization is compressed.

FIG. 11 is simulation data measuring a state when the constant load is removed and restored, and a circle indicated by a solid line in FIGS. 10 and 11 shows a phase-optimized metal o-ring seal 100 having no load applied thereto. It shows shape.

12 is a graph showing the compression / restoration characteristic curves of the standard product and the phase optimized metal O-ring seal 100, and FIG. 13 illustrates the standard product and the compliant mechanism phase optimization calculated by performing the above-described elasto-plastic analysis. This is a table comparing the compression / restoration characteristic data values obtained by performing the verified elasto-plastic analysis of the shape of the metal O-ring seal 100.

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the seating load value according to the compression / restore characteristic data of the standard product calculated by performing the elasto-plastic analysis is 427, whereas the compliant mechanism phase optimization according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is performed. The seating load value according to the compression / restore characteristic data of the optimized metal O-ring seal 100 is 429, and the permanent strain values are 0.86 and 0.75, respectively. The deviation of the permanent strain value is 12.8 through the optimizing of the compliant mechanism. It can be seen that the% improvement.

However, the shape of the inner circumferential surface 130 of the metal O-ring seal 100 according to the data obtained through the optimizing the compliant mechanism phase, as shown in Figs. Difficulties can arise when machining shapes.

Therefore, in the metal o-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is easy to manufacture the metal o-ring seal 100 by applying a shape optimization using a spline to the structural data obtained through the compliant mechanism topology optimization. The process of optimizing the shape with one structure.

Here, FIG. 14 is a simulation result (stress and strain distribution) obtained by compressing the optimized metal O-ring seal shape with a constant load, and FIG. 14 is a simulation measuring the state when the constant load is removed and restored. Data and the circles indicated by solid lines in FIGS. 14 and 15 represent the shapes of the metal O-ring seals 100 having optimized shapes in the state where no load is applied.

16 and 17 show compression / restoration characteristic curves and main data results (settle load and permanent strain) for the optimized metal O-ring seal 100 and the standard product, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 14 to 17, the seating load value according to the compression / restoration characteristic data of the standard product calculated by performing the elastoplastic analysis is 427, whereas the shape is applied by applying the dielectric algorithm according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The settling load values according to the compression / restore characteristic data of the optimized metal O-ring seal 100 are 431, and the permanent strain values are 0.86 and 0.56, respectively, and the variation of the permanent strain values through the genetic algorithm is 34.8%. It can be confirmed that the increase.

Here, FIG. 18 is a table comparing the plastic deformation value (Lastic Deformation) and the elastic restoring value (Elastic Energy) between the standard product and the metal O-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 18, the plastic deformation values and the elastic restoring force values of the standard product are 0.86 and 8.53, whereas the compliant mechanisms according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention are manufactured in the shape obtained through the phase optimization and the shape optimization. The plastic strain value and the elastic restoring force value of the metal O-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment are 0.56 and 12.92, the deviation of each data is 0.3 and 4.39, the degree of plastic strain 35%, the elastic restoring force compared to the standard product 25% improvement. In other words, it can verify that the confidentiality performance and the service life have been greatly improved.

As described above, the metal o-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention adopts a compliant mechanism phase optimization and a shape optimization, so that the shape and size of the outer circumferential surface 120 follow a standardized standard, and in the circumferential direction of the vertical section. By controlling the thickness t from the outer circumferential surface 120 to the inner circumferential surface 130, optimized shape data can be obtained to minimize plastic deformation and maximize elastic resilience by each standard. , Referring to FIG. 3, the thickness t gradually becomes thinner from the two side positions in the circumferential direction of the vertical section toward the top and the bottom along the circumference, and the two side positions of the vertical section in the circumferential direction are respectively 0. It is in the direction of 180 degrees, the upper side and the lower side is 90 degrees and 270 degrees, respectively, and is formed in a garden shape so that the thickness from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface is constant When the thickness of the article is 1S, the thickness t in the 0 degree direction is 1.14 to 1.54S, the thickness t in the 10 degree direction is 1.12 to 1.51S, and the thickness t in the 20 degree direction is 1.10 to 1.48S. The thickness t in the 30 degree direction is 1.04 to 1.41 S, the thickness t in the 40 degree direction is 0.97 to 1.31 S, and the thickness t in the 50 degree direction is 0.87 to 1.18 S and the thickness t in the 60 degree direction ) Is 0.73 to 0.99S, the thickness t in the 70 degree direction is 0.53 to 0.72S, the thickness t in the 80 degree direction is 0.29 to 0.39S, and the thickness t in the 85 degree direction is 0.21 to 0.28S, 86.25 The thickness t of the degree direction is 0.21 to 0.29S, the thickness t of the 87.50 degree direction is 0.30 to 0.40S, the thickness t of the 88.75 degree direction is 0.30 to 0.61S, and the thickness t of the 90 degree direction is It is determined within 0.30 to 0.67S, and each thickness t of the 180 degree direction in the 90 degree direction, the 270 degree direction in the 180 degree direction, and the 270 degree to 0 degree, respectively, is in the 0 degree direction to 90 degree direction. It is formed by the thickness (t) corresponding to the thickness (t) of each angle of desirable.

More preferably, the thickness t in the 0 degree direction is 1.34S, the thickness t in the 10 degree direction is 1.32S, and the thickness t in the 20 degree direction is 1.29S and the thickness in the 30 degree direction ( t) is 1.23S, the thickness t in the 40 degree direction is 1.14S, the thickness t in the 50 degree direction is 1.02S, and the thickness t in the 60 degree direction is 0.86S, the thickness t in the 70 degree direction Is 0.63S, the thickness t in the 80 degree direction is 0.34S, the thickness t in the 85 degree direction is 0.21 to 0.28S, and the thickness t in the 86.25 degree direction is 0.21 to 0.29S and the thickness in the 87.50 degree direction ( t) may be 0.30 to 0.40S, the thickness t in the 88.75 degree direction may be 0.30 to 0.61S, and the thickness t in the 90 degree direction may be 0.59S.

On the other hand, the metal O-ring seal 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be made of any one of the metal material of SS304, SS316, SS321, SS347, Alloy600, Alloy718, AlloyX-750 or Monel 400, the The standardized standard of the metal O-ring seal 100 may be a standard diameter of 4 to 12S of the circle. That is, the metal o-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the metal o-ring seal having a diameter of a circle within the range of 3.24 to 9.72.

By each configuration and function of the metal O-ring seal 100 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention as described above, by optimizing the shape to increase the flexibility of the structure, the plastic deformation is minimized compared to the conventional standardized metal O-ring seal And the elastic restoring force is significantly increased, the life time and the airtight performance is excellent.

In addition, it is possible to increase the elastic restoring force with a relatively simple structure, so that mass production is possible, and the manufacturing cost can be drastically reduced. In addition, frequent replacement of metal O-ring seals is required, and the life time is relatively increased. In addition to increasing the periodic replacement cycle of the seal, the shape and size of the outer circumferential surface 120 of the metal o-ring seal 100 follows a standardized standard, and the inner circumferential surface 130 irrelevant to the standardized standard Since the shape of the inner circumferential surface 130 according to the adjustment of the thickness is provided in an optimized structure, there is an advantage that it can be used universally in various fields.

As described above, although the present invention has been described by way of limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto and is intended by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Of course, various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described.

Claims (7)

The shape and size of the outer circumferential surface 120 is formed in a circular ring shape having a through-hole 110 formed therein, according to a standardized standard, and the thickness from the outer circumferential surface 120 to the inner circumferential surface 130 in the circumferential direction of the vertical section ( In the metal o-ring seal that adjusts t) to increase elastic restoring force, The thickness (t) gradually becomes thinner toward both the upper and lower sides along the circumference at both side positions in the circumferential direction of the vertical section, and the inner and outer circumferential surfaces 130 of the upper and lower sides in the direction of the center (C) of the vertical section. A metal O-ring seal is formed with grooves 141 on both sides of the protrusion 140 while the raised protrusion 140 protrudes. The shape and size of the outer circumferential surface 120 is formed in a circular ring shape having a through-hole 110 formed therein, according to a standardized standard, and the thickness from the outer circumferential surface 120 to the inner circumferential surface 130 in the circumferential direction of the vertical section ( In the metal o-ring seal that adjusts t) to increase elastic restoring force, In the circumferential direction of the vertical cross-section, the thickness t gradually becomes thinner toward the upper and lower sides along the circumference, Both sides of the vertical section in the circumferential direction are 0 degrees and 180 degrees, respectively, and the upper and lower sides are 90 degrees and 270 degrees, respectively, and are formed in a garden shape so that the thickness of the standard product having a constant thickness from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface is 1S. In this case, the thickness t in the 0 degree direction is 1.14 to 1.54S, the thickness t in the 10 degree direction is 1.12 to 1.51S, and the thickness t in the 20 degree direction is 1.10 to 1.48S and the 30 degree direction, respectively. The thickness t is 1.04 to 1.41 S, the thickness t in the 40 degree direction is 0.97 to 1.31 S, the thickness t in the 50 degree direction is 0.87 to 1.18 S, and the thickness t in the 60 degree direction is 0.73 to 0.99. The thickness t of S and 70 degrees is 0.53 to 0.72 S, the thickness t of 80 degrees is 0.29 to 0.39 S, and the thickness t of 90 degrees is determined to be within 0.30 to 0.67 S. Each thickness t of 180 degrees in the direction of directions, 270 degrees in the direction of 180 degrees, and 270 degrees to 0 degrees is equal to the thickness t of each angle in the directions of 0 degrees to 90 degrees. Metal O-ring seal formed with a corresponding thickness (t). The method of claim 2, The thickness t in the 85 degree direction is 0.21 to 0.28S, the thickness t in the 86.25 degree direction is 0.21 to 0.29 S, and the thickness t in the 87.50 degree direction is 0.30 to 0.40 S and the thickness t in the 88.75 degree direction As is determined within 0.30 to 0.61S, the upper and lower inner circumferential surface 130 is formed with projections 140 which are raised in the direction of the center (C) of the vertical cross section, on both sides of the projections 140 Metal O-ring seal, characterized in that the groove 141 is formed. The method of claim 3, The thickness t of the 85 degree direction is 0.25S, the thickness t of the 86.25 degree direction is 0.25S, the thickness t of the 87.50 degree direction is 0.35S, and the thickness t of the 88.75 degree direction is 0.53S. Metal O-ring seals. The method of claim 2, The thickness t in the 0 degree direction is 1.34S, the thickness t in the 10 degree direction is 1.32S, the thickness t in the 20 degree direction is 1.29S, and the thickness t in the 30 degree direction is 1.23S, 40 The thickness t of the degree direction is 1.14S, the thickness t of the 50 degree direction is 1.02S, the thickness t of the 60 degree direction is 0.86S, and the thickness t of the 70 degree direction is 0.63S, the 80 degree direction. The thickness (t) is 0.34S, the thickness of the 90 ° direction (t) is a metal O-ring seal, characterized in that 0.59S. The method of claim 5, The metal o-ring seal, Metal O-ring seal, characterized in that made of any one of the metal material of SS304, SS316, SS321, SS347, Alloy600, Alloy718, AlloyX-750 or Monel 400. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, The standardized standard of the metal o-ring seal is a metal o-ring seal, characterized in that the standard of 4 to 12S.

Images