WO2013147029A1 - アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antimony tin oxide powder having excellent infrared cut characteristics and a method for producing the same.
- indium tin oxide powder and antimony-doped tin oxide powder are known.
- the indium tin oxide powder has an advantage that it is excellent in transparency and infrared ray cutting performance, but it is expensive and therefore expensive.
- antimony-doped tin oxide powder is less expensive than indium tin oxide powder, but has low visible light transmittance and cannot meet the demand for high transparency, and is inferior in infrared cut performance to indium tin oxide powder. There is a problem.
- Patent Document 1 The present inventors thought that it was necessary to increase the amount of antimony added in order to improve the infrared cut characteristics of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder, but the amount of antimony added was increased by a known method (Patent Document 1). In this case, there is a problem that a part of antimony is not taken into the crystal lattice of tin oxide and is not doped, and the crystallinity of the antimony-doped tin oxide is lowered and the conductivity is lowered.
- the present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an antimony-doped tin oxide powder having high conductivity and high infrared cut characteristics.
- the present invention relates to an antimony-doped tin oxide powder and a method for producing the same, which have solved the above problems with the following configuration.
- [1] (A) containing at least three selected from the group consisting of Sn 2+ , Sn 4+ , Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ , (B)
- the Sn average ionic radius, which is the average of the Sn 2+ ionic radius and the Sn 4+ ionic radius, and the Sb 3+ ionic radius, and the Sb 5+ ionic radius, which is the average of the Sb average ionic radius, are expressed by Equation (1).
- Sn average ionic radius: Sb average ionic radius 1: (0.96 to 1.04)
- the raw material contains at least three selected from the group consisting of SnCl 2 , SnCl 4 , SbCl 3 and SbCl 5 , An Sn average ionic radius that is the average of the ionic radius of Sn 2+ and an ionic radius of Sn 4+ and an Sb average ionic radius that is the average of the ionic radius of Sb 3+ and the ionic radius of Sb 5+ are expressed by Equation (2).
- a ratio, and Sb is a ratio of 5 to 25 moles with respect to a total of 100 moles of Sb and Sn, Co-precipitating Sb and Sn hydroxides from the aqueous solution of the raw material;
- [5] A dispersion in which the antimony-doped tin oxide powder according to [1] is dispersed in a solvent.
- [6] A paint containing the antimony-doped tin oxide powder described in [1] above and a resin.
- [7] A transparent film for heat ray shielding, comprising the antimony-doped tin oxide powder according to [1].
- [8] The transparent film for heat ray shielding as described in [7] above, wherein [(visible light transmittance) / (sunlight transmittance)] is 1.25 or more when the visible light transmittance is 83 to 87%.
- an antimony-doped tin oxide powder having high conductivity and high infrared cut characteristics can be easily produced.
- the dispersion liquid of [5] and the paint of [6] are used for automobiles, trains, It can be easily applied to window materials for vehicles such as ships, building equipment and airplanes, window materials for houses, glass plates used for showcases, and the like.
- the antimony-doped tin oxide powder of this embodiment is (A) containing at least three selected from the group consisting of Sn 2+ , Sn 4+ , Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ , (B) The Sn average ionic radius, which is the average of the Sn 2+ ionic radius and the Sn 4+ ionic radius, and the Sb 3+ ionic radius, and the Sb 5+ ionic radius, which is the average of the Sb average ionic radius, are expressed by Equation (1). The ratio represented, and (C) Sb is in a ratio of 5 to 25 mol with respect to 100 mol of Sb and Sn in total.
- the Sn average ionic radius: Sb average ionic radius is preferably 1: (0.98 to 1.04), and more preferably 1: (0.98 to 1.02). Further, Sb is preferably 8 to 25 mol, more preferably 9 to 22 mol, based on a total of 100 mol of Sb and Sn.
- the ionic radius of Sn 4+ is 74 pm
- the ionic radius of Sn 2+ is 93 pm
- the ionic radius of Sb 5+ is 62 pm
- the ionic radius of Sb 3+ is 89 pm.
- the antimony-doped tin oxide in the case of manufacturing the Sn 4+ and Sb 5+, the ionic radius ratio of Sn 4+ and Sb 5+ is about: becomes (1 0.84), Sb in order to improve the infrared cutoff characteristic When the amount is increased, some of the antimony is not incorporated into the tin oxide crystal lattice and is not doped.
- the crystallinity of antimony-doped tin oxide is lowered, and the electrical conductivity is lowered.
- the ionic radius ratio of Sn 4+ and Sb 3+ is about: becomes (1 1.20), increasing the amount of Sb, a part of antimony, It is not incorporated into the tin oxide crystal lattice and is not doped.
- the crystallinity of antimony-doped tin oxide is lowered, and the electrical conductivity is lowered.
- Table 1 shows the ratio of average ionic radii when Sn 4+ is used as Sn ions and Sb 5+ and Sb 3+ are used as Sb ions.
- the Sb average ionic radius is obtained by weighted averaging from the ratio of Sb 5+ and the ratio of Sb 3+ .
- the ionic radius of Sb 5+ and R Sb5 the ionic radius of Sb 3+ and R Sb3, the molar ratio of Sb 5+ is, relative to 1 mol of the total of the molar ratio and Sb 3+ molar ratio of Sb 5+, x
- the Sb average ionic radius: R Sb in the case of the molar ratio is shown in the following formula (2).
- Table 2 shows ratios of average ionic radii when Sb 3+ is used as Sb ions and Sn 4+ and Sn 2+ are used as Sn ions.
- the Sn average ionic radius is obtained by weighted averaging from the ratio of Sn 4+ and the ratio of Sn 2+ .
- the ionic radius of Sn 4+ and R Sn4 the ionic radius of Sn 2+ and R Sn2, relative to 1 mol of the total of the molar ratio and the Sn 2+ molar ratio of Sn 4+, the molar ratio of Sn 4+ is y mol
- the ratio of Sn 4+ and the ratio of Sn 2+ are shown in molar ratios.
- Table 3 shows the average ionic radius when Sb 5+ and Sb 3+ are used in a molar ratio of 1: 2 (Sb average ionic radius: 80 pm) and Sn 4+ and Sn 2+ are used as Sn ions. Indicates the ratio.
- the Sn average ionic radius is obtained by weighted averaging from the ratio of Sn 4+ and the ratio of Sn 2+ .
- the ionic radius of Sn 4+ and R Sn4, the ionic radius of Sn 2+ and R Sn2, the molar ratio of Sn 4+ is, relative to 1 mol of the total of the molar ratio and the Sn 2+ molar ratio of Sn 4+, p Sn average ionic radius: R Sn in the case of molar ratio is shown in the following formula (6).
- R Sn (R Sn4 ) ⁇ (p) + (R Sn2) ⁇ (1-p) (6)
- Table 3 the ratio of Sn 4+ and the ratio of Sn 2+ are shown in molar ratios.
- the Sb average ionic radius is obtained by weighted averaging from the ratio of Sb 5+ and the ratio of Sb 3+ .
- the ionic radius of Sb 5+ and R Sb5 the ionic radius of Sb 3+ and R Sb3, the molar ratio of Sb 5+ is, relative to 1 mol of the total of the molar ratio and Sb 3+ molar ratio of Sb 5+, q
- the Sb average ionic radius: R Sb in the case of the molar ratio is shown in the following formula (7).
- (R Sb ) (R Sb5 ) ⁇ (q) + (R Sb3 ) ⁇ (1-q) (7)
- Sn 4+ is 0.51 to 0.14 per 1 mol in total of Sn 4+ and Sn 2+.
- the conductivity of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder can be controlled by the ratio of Sn 4+ and Sn 2+, the ratio at which Sn 4+ and Sn 2+ can obtain the desired conductivity when four types of raw materials are used.
- the molar ratio of Sb 5+ and Sb 3+ can be calculated backward so as to obtain a desired ratio of Sn average ionic radius to Sb average ionic radius.
- Sn 2+ , Sn 4+ , Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ are quantified by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy).
- Sb is in a ratio of 5 to 25 moles with respect to a total of 100 moles of Sb and Sn, and is preferably in a ratio of 8 to 25 moles in order to improve infrared cut characteristics.
- the quantitative measurement of Sb and Sn is performed by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry.
- the antimony-doped tin oxide powder has a color tone having an L value of 50 or less in the Lab color system because of high infrared cut characteristics. Furthermore, it is preferable that the L value is 40 or less because the infrared cut characteristic is increased.
- the L value is measured with a color computer (model number: SM-7) manufactured by Suga Test Instruments. The L value is preferably 6 or more from the viewpoint of the transparency of the transparent film for heat ray shielding containing antimony-doped tin oxide powder.
- the antimony-doped tin oxide powder has a BET specific surface area of 50 m 2 / g or more, infrared cut characteristics are improved, which is preferable. Furthermore, the BET specific surface area is preferably 70 m 2 / g or more. In addition, it is preferable from a viewpoint of the handleability of an antimony dope tin oxide powder that a BET specific surface area is 120 m ⁇ 2 > / g or less.
- Antimony-doped tin oxide powder can have a powder volume resistivity of 20 ⁇ ⁇ cm or less.
- the powder volume resistivity is measured by putting the sample powder in a pressure vessel and compressing the sample powder at 980 N using a digital multimeter.
- Infrared cut characteristics are measured by measuring visible light transmittance (% Tv, wavelength range: 380 to 780 nm) and solar transmittance (% Ts, wavelength range: 300 to 2500 nm), [(% Tv) / (% Ts) ] Can be evaluated.
- visible light transmittance and solar transmittance first, antimony-doped tin oxide powder is dispersed, and the dispersed liquid is mixed with a resin to form a paint. Next, after apply
- the visible light transmittance and solar transmittance of the uncoated film as a background were measured by Hitachi, Ltd. Measure using a photometer (model number: U-4000).
- the production method of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder of this embodiment is The raw material contains at least three selected from the group consisting of SnCl 2 , SnCl 4 , SbCl 3 and SbCl 5 ,
- the Sn average ionic radius that is the average of the ionic radius of Sn 2+ and the ionic radius of Sn 4+ and the Sb average ionic radius that is the average of the ionic radius of Sb 3+ and the ionic radius of Sb 5+ are expressed by Equation (9).
- Sb is a ratio of 5 to 25 moles with respect to a total of 100 moles of Sb and Sn, Co-precipitating Sb and Sn hydroxides from the aqueous solution of the raw material; The coprecipitated hydroxide is fired.
- the raw material in the case of using SnCl 2, SnCl 4, and SbCl 3 contains the SnCl 2 and SnCl 4, with respect to 100 moles of SnCl 2 and SnCl 4, SnCl 4 2-40 moles of A Sn-containing aqueous solution contained in a proportion; And an Sn-containing aqueous solution containing SbCl 3 to prepare an Sb-added Sn-containing aqueous solution, It is preferable to coprecipitate Sb and Sn hydroxides from the Sb-added Sn-containing aqueous solution because the ratio is expressed by the formula (10).
- an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution as at least three aqueous solutions selected from the group consisting of SnCl 2 , SnCl 4 , SbCl 3, and SbCl 5 from the viewpoints of solubility of raw materials and uniformity of coprecipitation reaction.
- concentration of SnCl 2 , SnCl 4 , SbCl 3, and SbCl 5 in the aqueous solution is preferably 1 to 80% by mass from the viewpoints of solubility of raw materials, uniformity of coprecipitation reaction, and productivity.
- Alkaline aqueous solution is used to coprecipitate Sb and Sn hydroxides from the raw material aqueous solution.
- alkali used in the alkaline aqueous solution include hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, carbonates and ammonia, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. May be used.
- a method known to those skilled in the art may be used as a method of dropping the alkaline aqueous solution into the raw material aqueous solution. When dripping, it is preferable to heat to 40 to 100 ° C. at a pH of 10 or less.
- the above-mentioned ingredients in the case of using SnCl 2, SnCl 4, and SbCl 3 is the Sn-containing aqueous solution, when the inclusion of SbCl 3, can be added to an alkaline aqueous solution simultaneously. Further, when SnCl 4 , SbCl 3 and SbCl 5 are used as the above-mentioned raw materials, an alkaline aqueous solution can be added simultaneously with the inclusion of SnCl 4 in the Sb-added aqueous solution.
- Calcination is preferably performed at 400 to 900 ° C. in the case where the powder is used for application to a film or kneaded to a substrate.
- the temperature is lower than 400 ° C., sufficient conductivity cannot be obtained.
- the temperature is higher than 900 ° C., the sintering of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder starts, and the particle diameter becomes ⁇ / 4 or more in the visible light region. If it is contained, the transparency and haze deteriorate, which is not preferable.
- the particle size is suitable from the viewpoint of moldability.
- the transparency of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder can be increased by performing the firing in the air.
- an antimony-doped tin oxide powder having high conductivity and high infrared cut characteristics can be produced.
- the transparent conductive antimony-doped tin oxide powder of this embodiment can be dispersed in a solvent and used as a dispersion.
- various solvents can be used as the solvent, and although there is no particular limitation, alcohols such as water, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol (IPA), ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, and nonpolar solvents such as hexane and toluene are preferable. .
- the content of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder in the dispersion is 1 to 70% by mass, preferably 10 to 60% by mass, based on mass. If it is less than 1% by mass, the effect of adding powder is small, and if it exceeds 70% by mass, gelation may occur, and an auxiliary agent or the like is required.
- various conventional additives may be blended within a range that does not impair the purpose.
- additives include a dispersant, a dispersion aid, a polymerization inhibitor, a curing catalyst, an antioxidant, a leveling agent, and a film-forming resin.
- a resin can be added to the dispersion and used as a paint. It is preferable to use a dispersion liquid as a paint in order to reduce dispersion energy and the like during the paint preparation.
- the resin for example, polyvinyl alcohol resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, polyester resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, acrylic-styrene copolymer resin, fiber base
- the resin for example, polyvinyl alcohol resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, polyester resin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, acrylic-styrene copolymer resin, fiber base
- natural resins such as resins, phenol resins, amino resins, fluororesins, silicone resins, petroleum resins, shellac, rosin derivatives, and rubber derivatives.
- the blending amount of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder in the resin is 0.1 to 950 parts by mass, preferably 0.7 to 800 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin. Preferred values vary depending on the required electrical resistivity, infrared cut characteristics and film thickness of the transparent conductive film.
- antimony-doped tin oxide powder and resin can be mixed to form a paint.
- a solvent may be added.
- the amount of the resin, solvent, and antimony-doped tin oxide powder used is as described above, and the solvent may be added as appropriate in order to adjust the viscosity of the paint.
- the dispersion or paint is applied to window materials for vehicles such as cars, trains, ships, building equipment and airplanes, window materials for houses, glass plates used in showcases, etc.
- a transparent film for heat ray shielding having high infrared cut characteristics can be obtained.
- dispersion liquid or paint to the glass plate can be performed by a conventional method such as roll coating, spin coating, screen printing, or applicator. Thereafter, the binder component is heated as necessary to evaporate the solvent, and the coating film is dried and solidified. At this time, you may irradiate a heating or an ultraviolet-ray.
- the thickness of the heat ray shielding transparent film is preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m and more preferably 0.5 to 3 ⁇ m in the case of a coating film from the viewpoint of transparency, conductivity, and infrared cut characteristics.
- the thickness is not limited when kneaded into the resin.
- the visible light transmittance of the transparent film for heat ray shielding is 83 to 87%, if [(visible light transmittance) / (sunlight transmittance)] is 1.25 or more, the infrared cut characteristic is improved.
- the visible light transmittance and the solar transmittance are obtained by dispersing antimony-doped tin oxide powder, mixing the dispersed liquid with a resin to form a paint, applying the obtained paint to a transparent film, and then drying, A heat ray shielding composition film is prepared.
- the visible light transmittance and solar transmittance of a transparent film with no paint applied as a background were measured by Hitachi, Ltd. Measure using a meter (model number: U-4000). At this time, if the visible ray transmittance of the heat ray shielding transparent film is 83 to 87%, the [(visible ray transmittance) / (sunlight transmittance)] of the transparent ray shielding film is 1.25 to 1. 50.
- the antimony-doped tin oxide powder of the present embodiment can be supplied in the form of a dispersion, paint, or the like.
- the transparent film for heat ray shielding formed by these is widely applied to window materials for vehicles such as automobiles, trains, ships, building equipment and airplanes, window materials for houses, glass plates used for showcases, etc. be able to.
- the L value of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder was measured using a color computer (model number: SM-7) manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.
- the BET specific surface area was measured using a flow type specific surface area automatic measuring device (model number: Flowsorb 2310) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.
- the powder volume resistivity was measured by using a measuring device (model number: DM-7561) manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation, putting 5 g of a sample into a mold having a cross-sectional area (S: 4.9 cm 2 ), pressurizing with 980 N, and applying pressure.
- the resistance value (R) under pressure and the thickness (H) of the sample were measured and determined based on the formula R ( ⁇ ) ⁇ S (cm 2 ) / H (cm).
- Visible light transmittance (% Tv, wavelength range: 380 to 780 nm) and solar transmittance (% Ts, wavelength range: 300 to 2500 nm) were measured as follows. First, 20 g of antimony-doped tin oxide powder was dispersed with 30 g of ion-exchanged water, and the resulting dispersion was diluted twice with water (mass ratio).
- Diluent 50.0 g, 22 mass% urethane-based thermosetting resin aqueous solution (dispersion type): 45.5 g, and mixed so that the mass ratio of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder and the resin is 1: 1.
- a paint was prepared. The mixed paint was applied to a PET film (thickness: 100 ⁇ m, haze: 2.0%, total light transmittance: 90%) at a thickness of 2 ⁇ m. Next, using a spectrophotometer (model number: U-4000) manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., the visible light transmittance and solar transmittance of an uncoated PET film are measured as a background, and then a heat ray shielding composition film is formed.
- the visible light transmittance and solar transmittance of the PET film were measured, and the visible light transmittance and solar transmittance of the heat ray shielding composition film were determined, and the ratio of visible light transmittance / sunlight transmittance ([(% Tv) / (% Ts)]) was calculated.
- Example 1 When Sn 4+ is combined with Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ ] 50 mass% SbCl 3 aqueous solution (containing Sb metal: 2.64 g (0.022 mol)) so that the molar ratio of Sb is 9.8 mol with respect to the total of 100 mol of Sb and Sn: 9 9.9 g and 40 wt% SbCl 5 aqueous solution (containing Sb metal: 3.36 g (0.028 mol)): 16.2 g were mixed, and this antimony chloride mixed solution and 50 wt% SnCl 4 aqueous solution (Sn metal: 54 g (containing 0.455 mol)): 237.0 g was mixed.
- Sb metal 2.64 g (0.022 mol)
- This mixed solution was dropped into an aqueous solution of NaOH: 90 g / 1.2 dm 3 while stirring at 80 ° C. with heating to a final pH of 7, and Sn and Sb hydroxides were coprecipitated.
- Sn and Sb hydroxides were coprecipitated.
- the precipitate of Sn and Sb coprecipitated hydroxide was filtered, dried, and calcined in the atmosphere at 600 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the specific surface area, chromaticity (L, a, b), and powder volume resistivity of the obtained antimony-doped tin oxide powder were measured. Furthermore, 20 g of antimony-doped tin oxide powder was dispersed in 20 g of ion-exchanged water, and the visible light transmittance (% Tv) and solar radiation transmittance (% Ts) were determined using the obtained dispersion liquid. The ratio of transmittance / infrared transmittance ([(% Tv) / (% Ts)]) was calculated.
- Examples 2 and 3 Comparative Examples 1 and 2: When Sn 4+ , Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ are combined]
- An antimony-doped tin oxide powder was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the proportions shown in Table 4 were used, and each characteristic of the obtained antimony-doped tin oxide powder was measured.
- Table 4 shows the results when Sn 4+ , Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ are combined.
- Example 4 When Sn 4+ and Sn 2+ are combined with Sb 3+ ] 40% by mass SnCl 2 aqueous solution (containing Sn metal: 52.38 g (0.441 mol)): 209 so that the molar ratio of Sb is 9.8 mol with respect to 100 mol of Sb and Sn in total: 209 .2 g and 50 mass% SnCl 4 aqueous solution (containing Sn metal: 1.62 g (0.014 mol)): 7.1 g were mixed, and this tin chloride mixed solution and 50 mass% SbCl 3 aqueous solution (Sb metal: 6.0 g (containing 0.049 mol): 22.5 g was mixed. Thereafter, the method described in Example 1 was performed. Table 5 shows these results.
- Example 7 Combination of Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ with Sn 4+ and Sn 2+ ] 50 mass% SbCl 3 aqueous solution (containing Sb metal: 4.0 g (0.033 mol)): 15 so that the molar ratio of Sb is 9.8 mol with respect to 100 mol of Sb and Sn in total: 15 .0g and 40 wt% SbCl 5 solution (Sb metal: 2.0 g (0.016 mol) containing): was produced antimony chloride mixed solution a mixed with 12.3 g.
- Example 8 and 9 Comparative Example 5: When Sn 4+ and Sn 2+ are combined with Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ ]
- An antimony-doped tin oxide powder was produced in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the proportions shown in Table 6 were obtained, and each characteristic of the obtained antimony-doped tin oxide powder was measured.
- Table 6 shows the results when Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ are combined with Sn 4+ and Sn 2+ .
- Example 10 When Sn 4+ is combined with Sb 3+ and Sb 5+ ] 50 mass% SbCl 3 aqueous solution (containing Sb metal: 7.81 g (0.064 mol)): 29.3 g so that the molar ratio of Sb is 22 mol with respect to 100 mol of Sb and Sn in total. And 40 wt% SbCl 5 aqueous solution (containing Sb metal: 7.81 g (0.064 mol)): 48.0 g, and this antimony chloride mixed solution and 50 wt% SnCl 4 aqueous solution (Sn metal: 54 g ( 0.455 mol) containing): 237.0 g was mixed.
- This mixed solution was dropped into an aqueous solution of NaOH: 110 g / 1.2 dm 3 while stirring at 80 ° C. with heating to a final pH of 7, and Sn and Sb hydroxides were coprecipitated.
- Sn and Sb hydroxides were coprecipitated.
- the precipitate of Sn and Sb coprecipitated hydroxide was filtered, dried, and then fired in the atmosphere at 650 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain antimony-doped tin oxide powder.
- FIG. 1 shows the result of X-ray diffraction.
- 20 g of antimony-doped tin oxide powder was dispersed with 30 g of ion-exchanged water, and the visible light transmittance (% Tv) and solar radiation transmittance (% Ts) were determined using the obtained dispersion liquid.
- the ratio of transmittance / infrared transmittance ([(% Tv) / (% Ts)]) was calculated. Table 7 shows these results.
- Example 10 As can be seen from a comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, although the ratio of Sn and Sb is the same, the peak of antimony oxide was not observed in Example 10 in which the ionic radius was controlled. In No. 6, an antimony oxide peak at 2 ⁇ and 29 ° (indicated by a white triangle in FIG. 2) was generated. This also confirmed that the doping efficiency was improved by controlling the ion radius. Further, as can be seen from Table 7, in Example 10, the powder volume resistivity of the antimony-doped tin oxide powder was lower than that in Comparative Example 6.
- the heat ray-shielding transparent film containing these antimony-doped tin oxide powders has low solar transmittance, and the ratio of visible light transmittance / sunlight transmittance of the heat ray-shielding transparent film ([(% Tv) / (% Ts)]). Showed a high value, and the infrared cut characteristics were good.
- the ratio of visible light transmittance / sunlight transmittance ([(% Tv) / (% Ts)]) was 1.24, and the powder volume resistivity was as high as 3.3 ⁇ ⁇ cm. It was.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2012年3月29日に、日本に出願された特願2012-076044号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
〔1〕(A)Sn2+、Sn4+、Sb3+およびSb5+からなる群より選択される少なくとも3種を含有し、
(B)Sn2+のイオン半径とSn4+のイオン半径の平均であるSn平均イオン半径と、Sb3+のイオン半径とSb5+のイオン半径の平均であるSb平均イオン半径が、式(1)で表される割合であり、かつ、
(C)SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbが5~25モルの割合であることを特徴とする、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (1)
〔2〕原料は、SnCl2、SnCl4、SbCl3およびSbCl5からなる群より選択される少なくとも3種を含有し、
Sn2+のイオン半径とSn4+のイオン半径の平均であるSn平均イオン半径と、Sb3+のイオン半径とSb5+のイオン半径の平均であるSb平均イオン半径が、式(2)で表される割合であり、かつ、
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbが5~25モルの割合であり、
前記原料の水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させ、
共沈水酸化物を焼成することを特徴とする、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の製造方法。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (2)
〔3〕SnCl2とSnCl4とを含有し、SnCl2とSnCl4との合計100モルに対して、SnCl4を2~40モルの割合で含有するSn含有水溶液を準備する工程と、
SbCl3を含有するSb添加水溶液を準備する工程と、
前記Sn含有水溶液と前記Sb添加水溶液とを混合し、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を作製する工程とを有し、
前記Sb添加Sn含有水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させる、上記〔2〕記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の製造方法。
〔4〕SbCl3とSbCl5とを含有し、SbCl3とSbCl5との合計100モルに対して、SbCl5を44~66モルの割合で含有するSb添加水溶液を準備する工程と、
SnCl4を含有するSn含有水溶液を準備する工程と、
前記Sb添加水溶液と前記Sn含有水溶液とを混合し、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を作製する工程とを有し、
前記Sb添加Sn含有水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させる、上記〔2〕記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の製造方法。
〔5〕上記〔1〕記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を溶媒に分散させた、分散液。
〔6〕上記〔1〕記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末と、樹脂とを含有する塗料。
〔7〕上記〔1〕記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を含有する、熱線遮蔽用透明膜。
〔8〕可視光線透過率が83~87%であるとき、〔(可視光線透過率)/(日射透過率)〕が1.25以上である、上記〔7〕記載の熱線遮蔽用透明膜。
本実施形態のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末は、
(A)Sn2+、Sn4+、Sb3+およびSb5+からなる群より選択される少なくとも3種を含有し、
(B)Sn2+のイオン半径とSn4+のイオン半径の平均であるSn平均イオン半径と、Sb3+のイオン半径とSb5+のイオン半径の平均であるSb平均イオン半径が、式(1)で表される割合であり、かつ、
(C)SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbが5~25モルの割合であることを特徴とする。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (1)
なお、Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径は好ましくは1:(0.98~1.04)であり、より好ましくは、1:(0.98~1.02)である。
また、SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbが8~25モルであることが好ましく、9~22モルであることがより好ましい。
(RSb)=(RSb5)×(x)+(RSb3)×(1-x) (2)
なお、表1に示すSb5+の割合とSb3+の割合とは、モル比で示している。
(平均イオン半径の比)=(RSb)/(Sn4+のイオン半径) (3)
(RSn)=(RSn4)×(y)+(RSn2)×(1-y) (4)
なお、表2に示Sn4+の割合とSn2+の割合とは、モル比で示している。
(平均イオン半径の比)=(Sb3+のイオン半径)/(RSn) (5)
(RSn)=(RSn4)×(p)+(RSn2)×(1-p) (6)
なお、表3に示Sn4+の割合とSn2+の割合とは、モル比で示している。
(RSb)=(RSb5)×(q)+(RSb3)×(1-q) (7)
(平均イオン半径の比)=(RSb)/(RSn) (8)
本実施形態のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の製造方法は、
原料は、SnCl2、SnCl4、SbCl3およびSbCl5からなる群より選択される少なくとも3種を含有し、
Sn2+のイオン半径とSn4+のイオン半径の平均であるSn平均イオン半径と、Sb3+のイオン半径とSb5+のイオン半径の平均であるSb平均イオン半径が、式(9)で表される割合であり、かつ、
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbが5~25モルの割合であり、
前記原料の水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させ、
前記共沈水酸化物を焼成することを特徴とする。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (9)
SbCl3を含有するSn含有水溶液と、を混合し、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を作製し、
Sb添加Sn含有水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させると、式(10)で表される割合になるので、好ましい。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (10)
このように、SbCl3を混合するときに、SbCl3水溶液を使用すると、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を容易に均一にすることができ、好ましい。
SbCl3とSbCl5とを含有し、SbCl3とSbCl5との合計100モルに対して、SbCl5を44~66モルの割合で含有するSb添加水溶液と、
SnCl4を含有するSn含有水溶液と、を混合し、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を作製し、
Sb添加Sn含有水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させると、式(11)で表される割合になるので、好ましい。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (11)
このように、SnCl4を混合するときに、SnCl4水溶液を使用すると、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を容易に均一にすることができ、好ましい。
本実施形態の透明導電性アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末は、溶媒に分散させて分散液として使用することができる。ここで、溶媒は、各種溶媒を用いることができ、特に限定はないが、水、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール(IPA)等のアルコール系、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン系、ヘキサン、トルエン等の非極性溶媒が好ましい。
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbのモル比が9.8モルの割合になるように、50質量%SbCl3水溶液(Sb金属:2.64g(0.022モル)含有):9.9gと40質量%SbCl5水溶液(Sb金属:3.36g(0.028モル)含有):16.2gを混合し、更に、この塩化アンチモン混合液と50質量%SnCl4水溶液(Sn金属:54g(0.455モル)含有):237.0gを混合した。この混合液を、NaOH:90g/1.2dm3の水溶液中に、80℃の加温下で攪拌しながら滴下し、最終pH7にして、SnとSbの水酸化物を共沈させた。次に、静置して、共沈したSnとSbの水酸化物を沈降させ、上澄み液を除去し、イオン交換水を加えて静置・沈降と上澄み液除去の操作を、上澄み液の電気伝導度が200μS/cm以下になるまで、繰り返し実施した。SnとSbの共沈水酸化物の沈殿をろ過し、乾燥後、大気中600℃で2時間焼成した。得られたアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の比表面積、色度(L,a,b)、粉体体積抵抗率を測定した。更に、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末:20gを、イオン交換水:20gで分散し、得られた分散液を用いて、可視光線透過率(%Tv)と日射透過率(%Ts)を求め、可視光線透過率/日射透過率の比率(〔(%Tv)/(%Ts)〕)を算出した。
表4に示す割合になるようにしたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を製造し、得られたアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の各特性を測定した。表4に、Sn4+と、Sb3+とSb5+組み合わせた場合の結果を示す。
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbのモル比が9.8モルの割合になるように、40質量%SnCl2水溶液(Sn金属:52.38g(0.441モル)含有):209.2gと50質量%SnCl4水溶液(Sn金属:1.62g(0.014モル)含有):7.1gを混合し、更に、この塩化錫混合液と50質量%SbCl3水溶液(Sb金属:6.0g(0.049モル)含有):22.5gを混合した。後は、実施例1記載の方法で実施した。表5に、これらの結果を示す。
表5に示す割合になるようにしたこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を製造し、得られたアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の各特性を測定した。表5に、Sn4+とSn2+と、Sb3+の組み合わせたこれらの結果を示す。
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbのモル比が9.8モルの割合になるように、50質量%SbCl3水溶液(Sb金属:4.0g(0.033モル)含有):15.0gと40質量%SbCl5水溶液(Sb金属:2.0g(0.016モル)含有):12.3gを混合した塩化アンチモン混合液Aを作製した。次に、40質量%SnCl2水溶液(Sn金属:16.2g(0.136モル)含有):64.7gと50質量%SnCl4水溶液(Sn金属:37.8g(0.318モル)含有):165.9gを混合した塩化錫混合液Bを作製した。次に、塩化アンチモン混合液Aと塩化錫混合液Bを混合した。後は、実施例1記載の方法で実施した。表6に、これらの結果を示す。
表6に示す割合になるようにしたこと以外は、実施例7と同様にして、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を製造し、得られたアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の各特性を測定した。表6に、Sn4+とSn2+に、Sb3+とSb5+を組み合わせた場合の結果を示す。
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbのモル比が22モルの割合になるように、50質量%SbCl3水溶液(Sb金属:7.81g(0.064モル)含有):29.3gと40質量%SbCl5水溶液(Sb金属:7.81g(0.064モル)含有):48.0gを混合し、更に、この塩化アンチモン混合液と50質量%SnCl4水溶液(Sn金属:54g(0.455モル)含有):237.0gを混合した。この混合液を、NaOH:110g/1.2dm3の水溶液中に、80℃の加温下で攪拌しながら滴下し、最終pH7にして、SnとSbの水酸化物を共沈させた。次に、静置して、共沈したSnとSbの水酸化物を沈降させ、上澄み液を除去し、イオン交換水を加えて静置・沈降と上澄み液除去の操作を、上澄み液の電気伝導度が200μS/cm以下になるまで、繰り返し実施した。SnとSbの共沈水酸化物の沈殿をろ過し、乾燥後、大気中650℃で2時間焼成し、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を得た。得られたアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の比表面積、色度(L,a,b)、粉体体積抵抗率、X線回折を測定した。図1に、X線回折の結果を示す。更に、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末:20gを、イオン交換水:30gで分散し、得られた分散液を用いて、可視光線透過率(%Tv)と日射透過率(%Ts)を求め、可視光線透過率/日射透過率の比率(〔(%Tv)/(%Ts)〕)を算出した。表7に、これらの結果を示す。
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbのモル比が22モルの割合になるように、50質量%SbCl3水溶液(Sb金属:15.6g(0.128モル)含有):58.5gと、この塩化アンチモン混合液と50質量%SnCl4水溶液(Sn金属:54g(0.455モル)含有):237.0gを混合した。後は、実施例10記載の方法で、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を作製し、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の評価を行った。表7に、これらの結果を、図2に、X線回折の結果を示す。
Claims (8)
- (A)Sn2+、Sn4+、Sb3+およびSb5+からなる群より選択される少なくとも3種を含有し、
(B)Sn2+のイオン半径とSn4+のイオン半径の平均であるSn平均イオン半径と、Sb3+のイオン半径とSb5+のイオン半径の平均であるSb平均イオン半径が、式(1)で表される割合であり、かつ、
(C)SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbが5~25モルの割合であることを特徴とする、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (1) - 原料は、SnCl2、SnCl4、SbCl3およびSbCl5からなる群より選択される少なくとも3種を含有し、
Sn2+のイオン半径とSn4+のイオン半径の平均であるSn平均イオン半径と、Sb3+のイオン半径とSb5+のイオン半径の平均であるSb平均イオン半径が、式(2)で表される割合であり、かつ、
SbとSnの合計100モルに対して、Sbが5~25モルの割合であり、
前記原料の水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させ、
共沈水酸化物を焼成することを特徴とする、アンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の製造方法。
Sn平均イオン半径:Sb平均イオン半径=1:(0.96~1.04) (2) - SnCl2とSnCl4とを含有し、SnCl2とSnCl4との合計100モルに対して、SnCl4を2~40モルの割合で含有するSn含有水溶液を準備する工程と、
SbCl3を含有するSb添加水溶液を準備する工程と、
前記Sn含有水溶液と前記Sb添加水溶液とを混合し、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を作製する工程とを有し、
前記Sb添加Sn含有水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させる、請求項2に記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の製造方法。 - SbCl3とSbCl5とを含有し、SbCl3とSbCl5との合計100モルに対して、SbCl5を44~66モルの割合で含有するSb添加水溶液を準備する工程と、
SnCl4を含有するSn含有水溶液を準備する工程と、
前記Sb添加水溶液と前記Sn含有水溶液とを混合し、Sb添加Sn含有水溶液を作製する工程とを有し、
前記Sb添加Sn含有水溶液からSbとSnの水酸化物を共沈させる、請求項2に記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を溶媒に分散させた、分散液。
- 請求項1に記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末と、樹脂とを含有する塗料。
- 請求項1に記載のアンチモンドープ酸化錫粉末を含有する、熱線遮蔽用透明膜。
- 可視光線透過率が83~87%であるとき、〔(可視光線透過率)/(日射透過率)〕が1.25以上である、請求項7に記載の熱線遮蔽用透明膜。
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| US14/388,478 US9513408B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2013-03-28 | Antimony-doped tin oxide powder and method of producing the same |
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| KR20140129287A (ko) | 2014-11-06 |
| CN104271510A (zh) | 2015-01-07 |
| US9513408B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 |
| US20150090943A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
| KR101568629B1 (ko) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN104271510B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
| EP2832698A1 (en) | 2015-02-04 |
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| JPWO2013147029A1 (ja) | 2015-12-14 |
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