WO2013141222A1 - レジストパターン形成方法及びフォトレジスト組成物 - Google Patents
レジストパターン形成方法及びフォトレジスト組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013141222A1 WO2013141222A1 PCT/JP2013/057751 JP2013057751W WO2013141222A1 WO 2013141222 A1 WO2013141222 A1 WO 2013141222A1 JP 2013057751 W JP2013057751 W JP 2013057751W WO 2013141222 A1 WO2013141222 A1 WO 2013141222A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1806—C6-(meth)acrylate, e.g. (cyclo)hexyl (meth)acrylate or phenyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/34—Esters containing nitrogen, e.g. N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0045—Photosensitive materials with organic non-macromolecular light-sensitive compounds not otherwise provided for, e.g. dissolution inhibitors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
- G03F7/0382—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified negative photoresist composition
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/039—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists
- G03F7/0392—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition
- G03F7/0397—Macromolecular compounds which are photodegradable, e.g. positive electron resists the macromolecular compound being present in a chemically amplified positive photoresist composition the macromolecular compound having an alicyclic moiety in a side chain
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2041—Exposure; Apparatus therefor in the presence of a fluid, e.g. immersion; using fluid cooling means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/30—Imagewise removal using liquid means
- G03F7/32—Liquid compositions therefor, e.g. developers
- G03F7/325—Non-aqueous compositions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
- H01L21/0274—Photolithographic processes
- H01L21/0275—Photolithographic processes using lasers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1811—C10or C11-(Meth)acrylate, e.g. isodecyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate or 2-naphthyl (meth)acrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resist pattern forming method and a photoresist composition.
- the chemically amplified photoresist composition generates an acid in the exposed portion by irradiation with electromagnetic waves such as far ultraviolet rays such as ArF excimer laser light and KrF excimer laser light, and charged particle beams such as electron beams.
- electromagnetic waves such as far ultraviolet rays such as ArF excimer laser light and KrF excimer laser light
- charged particle beams such as electron beams.
- the photoresist composition is usually an acid dissociation in addition to an acid generator that generates an acid upon exposure to exposure light.
- an acid generator that generates an acid upon exposure to exposure light.
- the acid generated from the acid generator serves as a catalyst, and the acid dissociable group is dissociated to generate a carboxy group or the like.
- the solubility of the polymer in an aqueous solution such as an alkaline aqueous solution or an organic solvent is changed, so that a dissolution contrast is generated between the exposed and unexposed areas, thereby forming resist patterns having various lithographic properties.
- resist pattern EL Exposure Latitude, exposure margin
- MEEF Mesk Error Enhancement Factor
- the present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a resist pattern forming method capable of forming a resist pattern having excellent EL performance, MEEF performance and resolution performance.
- the invention made to solve the above problems is Forming a resist film with a photoresist composition; A step of exposing the resist film, and a step of developing the exposed resist film,
- the photoresist composition (hereinafter also referred to as “photoresist composition (I)”)
- An acid generator that generates a protonic acid upon exposure to exposure light (hereinafter also referred to as “[A] acid generator”), and a structural unit (hereinafter referred to as “structure”) that includes a group (a) that forms a cationic group with protons.
- Unit (I) ”) and a polymer having substantially no structural unit containing an acid dissociable group hereinafter also referred to as“ [B] polymer ”). It is the resist pattern formation method containing this.
- the photoresist composition (I) contains an [A] acid generator and a [B] polymer, so that the resist pattern is excellent in EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance. Can be formed.
- [A] The acid generator generates protonic acid upon irradiation with exposure light.
- the proton of the protonic acid forms a cationic group together with the group (a) of the [B] polymer, thereby forming a salt of the [B] polymer and the protonic acid.
- the solubility of the coalesced developer is changed. As a result, dissolution contrast occurs between the exposed and unexposed areas.
- the photoresist composition (I) since the dissolution contrast occurs between the [B] polymer and its salt, ester groups and carboxy groups and the like are formed by dissociation of acid-dissociable groups of conventional polymers. Larger than what occurs between. Therefore, according to the resist pattern forming method using this photoresist composition (I), excellent EL performance can be exhibited. Further, according to the resist pattern forming method, in addition to the improvement of the dissolution contrast, the diffusion length of the acid generated from the [A] acid generator is appropriately shortened by the group (a) of the [B] polymer. As a result, the resolution performance and MEEF performance can be improved.
- the resist pattern formation method of the present invention produces a dissolution contrast by cation formation between the group (a) and the proton, compared with the conventional resist pattern formation method by dissociation of the acid dissociable group of the polymer.
- the activation energy required for the change is small, and as a result, the post-exposure bake (PEB) step after exposure can be omitted, and the throughput can be improved.
- PEB post-exposure bake
- the group (a) preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair and a phosphorus atom having an unshared electron pair.
- the group (a) contains the specific atom, whereby the ability to form a cationic group between the group (a) and the proton can be improved.
- the EL performance, MEEF performance and resolution performance can be improved.
- the group (a) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of groups represented by the following formulas (a-1) to (a-3).
- Z is each independently a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom.
- R, R ′ and R ′′ are each independently And a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that R and R ′ may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure together with Z to which these are bonded.
- the resist pattern formation method by making the group (a) a group having the specific structure, the ability to form a cationic group between the group (a) and the proton can be further improved.
- EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance can be further improved.
- the group represented by the formula (a-1) is at least one selected from the group consisting of groups represented by the following formulas (a-1-1) to (a-1-6):
- the group represented by a-2) is preferably a group represented by the following formula (a-2-1).
- each Z is independently a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom.
- R ⁇ , R ⁇ , R ⁇ 1 to R ⁇ 3 and R ⁇ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and R ⁇ 4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R ⁇ is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a divalent oxyhydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and R ⁇ is a Z atom which may have a substituent. a monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, including. R alpha and R beta in the above formula (a-1-1), R ⁇ 1 and R beta in formula (a-1-2), or R ⁇ 2 and R ⁇ 3 in formula (a-1-4) may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.)
- the groups represented by the above formulas (a-1) and (a-2) are groups having the specific structure, so that the cationic group of the group (a) and the proton Formability can be further improved, and as a result, EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance can be further improved.
- the structural unit (I) is preferably represented by the following formula (1).
- X 1 and X 2 each independently represent a single bond, —O—, —C (O) —, —C (O) O—, —OC (O) O—, — C (O) OC (O) —, —C (O) NH—, —OC (O) NH— or —SO 3 —, wherein Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently a single bond or —R C (R X ) ((L) p- *) An (n + 1) -valent group represented by n , provided that R C is an (n + 2) -valent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
- R X is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- L is —O—, —C (O) —, —C (O) O—, —OC (O) O—, —C (O) OC (O) —, —C (O) NH—, —OC (O) NH—, or —SO 3 —
- n is 1 to 3.
- p is 0 Or 1. When n is 2 or 3, plural ps may be the same or different. If which may be .L is plural, the plurality of L in different may.
- R A or R .R A and R B indicates a site that binds to a B are each independently, A hydrogen atom or an n-valent group (a), provided that X 1 , Y 1 , X 2 and Y 2 are not all a single bond, and at least one of R A and R B is an n-valent group. (A).)
- the resist pattern forming method by making the structural unit (I) the specific structure, it becomes easier to introduce the structural unit (I) into the [B] polymer. Further, the MEEF performance and the resolution performance are further improved.
- the structural unit (I) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of structural units represented by the following formulas (1-1) to (1-4).
- R ⁇ , R is ⁇ and R epsilon, each independently, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a hydrogen atom or a C 1 ⁇ 20 .
- R D I s a hydrogen atom or a monovalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- R E is a divalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R F1 to R F4 are Each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- R G is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R H is A single bond or a divalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R I is a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the structural unit (I) since the structural unit (I) has the specific structure, the structural unit (I) can be more easily introduced into the [B] polymer. As a result, the EL performance, MEEF performance and resolution performance are further improved.
- the polymer preferably further has a structural unit represented by the following formula (2) (hereinafter also referred to as “structural unit (II)”).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- E is —O—, —C (O) —, —C (O ) O—, —S—, —S (O) —, —S (O) 2 —, —C (O) S— or —C (S) O—, wherein R 2 has 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a non-acid dissociable monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group provided that a part or all of the hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group of R 1 and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group of R 2 are halogen atoms, hydroxy Group, carboxy group, nitro group or oxo group may be substituted.
- the [B] polymer of the photoresist composition further has the specific structural unit described above, thereby adjusting the physical properties such as the polarity of the [B] polymer and the solubility in the developer.
- the EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance can be further improved.
- the developer used in the development step contains an organic solvent to form a negative resist pattern.
- the dissolution contrast can be further increased by forming a negative resist pattern using a developer containing an organic solvent with the photoresist composition. As a result, it is possible to form a resist pattern with higher resolution while exhibiting more excellent EL and MEEF.
- the organic solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alcohol solvents, ether solvents, ketone solvents, amide solvents, ester solvents, and hydrocarbon solvents. According to the resist pattern forming method, it is considered that the dissolution contrast can be further increased by using the specific solvent as the organic solvent of the developer, and as a result, while further exhibiting excellent EL and MEEF, Furthermore, a resist pattern with high resolution can be formed.
- the photoresist composition of the present invention comprises: [A] An acid generator and a [B] polymer are contained.
- the said photoresist composition has the above-mentioned characteristic, and is excellent in EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance.
- the photoresist composition can be preferably used for forming a negative resist pattern using a developer containing an organic solvent. According to the photoresist composition, since the dissolution contrast is exhibited as described above, the dissolution contrast can be further increased with respect to the developer containing the organic solvent. Therefore, according to the photoresist composition, it can be suitably used for forming a resist pattern using a developer containing an organic solvent, and exhibits a high-resolution negative resist pattern while exhibiting excellent EL and MEEF. Can be formed.
- organic group means a group containing at least one carbon atom.
- the resist pattern forming method and the photoresist composition of the present invention As described above, according to the resist pattern forming method and the photoresist composition of the present invention, a resist pattern with high resolution can be formed while exhibiting excellent EL and MEEF. Therefore, the resist pattern forming method and the photoresist composition can be suitably used for pattern formation in the semiconductor field where miniaturization will continue to progress in the future, and a finer pattern can be formed at a higher yield.
- the resist pattern forming method is: A step of forming a resist film with the photoresist composition (I) (hereinafter also referred to as a “resist film forming step”), A step of exposing the resist film (hereinafter also referred to as “exposure step”), and a step of developing the exposed resist film (hereinafter also referred to as “development step”).
- a resist film with the photoresist composition (I) hereinafter also referred to as a “resist film forming step”
- exposure step A step of exposing the resist film
- development step a step of developing the exposed resist film
- the developer used in the development process contains an organic solvent to form a negative resist pattern.
- the dissolution contrast can be further increased by forming a negative resist pattern using a developer containing an organic solvent with the photoresist composition (I).
- a resist pattern with higher resolution can be formed while exhibiting better EL and MEEF.
- each step and the photoresist composition (I) will be described.
- a photoresist film (I) is used to form a resist film on the substrate.
- a substrate for example, a conventionally known substrate such as a silicon wafer or a wafer coated with aluminum can be used.
- an organic or inorganic antireflection film disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-12452 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-93448 may be formed on the substrate.
- Application methods include, for example, spin coating, spin coating, roll coating, and the like.
- the film thickness of the resist film to be formed is usually 0.01 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.01 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the solvent in the coating film may be volatilized by pre-baking (PB) as necessary.
- PB temperature is appropriately selected depending on the composition of the photoresist composition, but is usually 30 ° C. to 200 ° C., preferably 50 ° C. to 150 ° C.
- the PB time is usually 5 seconds to 600 seconds, and preferably 10 seconds to 300 seconds.
- a protective film disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-188598 can be provided on the resist film.
- a liquid immersion protective film disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-352384 can be provided on the resist film.
- the resist film formed in the resist film forming step is exposed.
- This exposure is performed by reducing and projecting onto a desired region of the resist film through a mask having a specific pattern and, if necessary, an immersion liquid.
- an isotrench pattern can be formed by performing reduced projection exposure on a desired region through an isoline pattern mask.
- the first exposure part and the second exposure part are preferably orthogonal. By being orthogonal, it becomes easy to form a perfect circular contact hole pattern in the unexposed area surrounded by the exposed area.
- the immersion liquid used for exposure include water and a fluorine-based inert liquid.
- the immersion liquid is preferably a liquid that is transparent to the exposure wavelength and has a refractive index temperature coefficient that is as small as possible so as to minimize distortion of the optical image projected onto the film.
- excimer laser light wavelength 193 nm
- water is preferable and distilled water is more preferable from the viewpoint of availability and ease of handling.
- an additive that decreases the surface tension of water and increases the surface activity may be added in a small proportion. This additive is preferably one that does not dissolve the resist film on the wafer and can ignore the influence on the optical coating on the lower surface of the lens.
- the exposure light used for the exposure is appropriately selected according to the type of the [A] acid generator, and for example, electromagnetic waves such as ultraviolet rays, far ultraviolet rays, visible rays, X rays, ⁇ rays, electron beams, ⁇ And charged particle beams such as a beam.
- far ultraviolet rays are preferable
- ArF excimer laser (wavelength 193 nm) and KrF excimer laser (wavelength 248 nm) are more preferable
- ArF excimer laser is more preferable.
- the exposure conditions such as the exposure amount are appropriately selected according to the composition of the photoresist composition, the type of the contained component, and the like.
- the exposure process may be performed a plurality of times, and the same light source or different light sources may be used for the plurality of exposures, but ArF excimer laser light is used for the first exposure. Is preferred.
- Post exposure bake may be performed after the exposure.
- the contained polymer does not substantially have a structural unit containing an acid dissociable group, it is not necessary to promote the dissociation reaction of the acid dissociable group.
- [A] Acid generator, etc. PEB may be carried out in order to surely form a cationic group by the protonic acid generated from the [B] polymer group (a).
- the PEB temperature is usually 30 ° C. to 200 ° C., preferably 30 ° C. to 150 ° C., and more preferably 50 ° C. to 100 ° C.
- the photoresist composition it becomes possible to perform PEB at a lower temperature than in the case of a photoresist composition containing a polymer containing a conventional acid-dissociable group, and use of energy in resist pattern formation. It can contribute to the reduction of the amount.
- the photoresist composition used has a dissolution contrast due to cation formation by the group (a) and the proton, compared to the conventional photoresist composition by dissociation of the acid dissociable group of the polymer.
- the activation energy required for the change is small, and as a result, the post-exposure bake (PEB) step after exposure can be omitted, and the throughput can be improved.
- PEB post-exposure bake
- the resist film exposed in the exposure step is developed using a developer to form a resist pattern.
- an aqueous developer or a developer containing an organic solvent may be used as the developer.
- aqueous developer By using the aqueous developer, a positive resist pattern can be obtained, and by using a developer containing an organic solvent, a negative resist pattern can be obtained.
- the aqueous developer include an aqueous solution in which water, an inorganic salt such as sodium chloride, or an organic salt such as a quaternary ammonium salt is dissolved.
- the concentration of the aqueous solution is preferably 10% by mass or less. If the concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution exceeds 10% by mass, the exposed area may be difficult to dissolve in the developer.
- An organic solvent can also be added to the aqueous developer.
- Examples of the developer containing the organic solvent include a liquid containing one or more organic solvents exemplified as the [D] solvent of the above-described photoresist composition.
- the organic solvent is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of alcohol solvents, ether solvents, ketone solvents, amide solvents, ester solvents, and hydrocarbon solvents.
- ketone solvents, ether solvents, ester solvents, and hydrocarbon solvents are preferable, and chain ketone solvents, dialkyl ether solvents, acetate solvents, and alicyclic hydrocarbon solvents are more preferable.
- Methyl amyl ketone, diisoamyl ether, butyl acetate, and cyclooctane are more preferable, and cyclooctane is particularly preferable.
- the content of the organic solvent in the developer is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and further preferably 95% by mass or more.
- dissolution contrast can be improved, As a result, a resist pattern with higher resolution can be formed, exhibiting more excellent EL and MEEF.
- components other than the organic solvent include water, silicon oil, and the like.
- a surfactant can be added to the developer as necessary.
- a surfactant for example, an ionic or nonionic fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactant can be used.
- a developing method for example, a method in which a substrate is immersed in a tank filled with a developer for a certain time (dip method), a method in which the developer is raised on the surface of the substrate by surface tension and is allowed to stand for a certain time (a paddle method) ), A method of spraying the developer on the substrate surface (spray method), a method of continuously applying the developer while scanning the developer coating nozzle on the substrate rotating at a constant speed (dynamic dispensing method) Etc.
- dip method a method in which a substrate is immersed in a tank filled with a developer for a certain time
- a paddle method a method in which the developer is raised on the surface of the substrate by surface tension and is allowed to stand for a certain time
- a method of spraying the developer on the substrate surface spray method
- a method of continuously applying the developer while scanning the developer coating nozzle on the substrate rotating at a constant speed dynamic dispensing method
- the developer is an alkaline developer, water is usually used, and distilled water is preferable.
- the developer is a developer containing an organic solvent, an organic solvent is usually used, and a hydrocarbon solvent, a ketone solvent, an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent, an amide solvent, etc. are preferable, and an alcohol solvent is used.
- Solvents and ester solvents are more preferable, monovalent alcohol solvents having 6 to 8 carbon atoms are more preferable, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 2-heptanol, and 4-methyl-2-pentanol are particularly preferable. -Methyl-2-pentanol is more particularly preferred.
- the rinsing liquid can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the water content in the rinse liquid is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and still more preferably 3% by mass or less. By setting the water content to 10% by mass or less, good development characteristics can be obtained.
- the rinse liquid may contain a surfactant.
- a cleaning method using a rinsing liquid for example, a method of continuously applying a rinsing liquid onto a substrate rotating at a constant speed (rotary coating method), a method of immersing a substrate in a bath filled with the rinsing liquid for a certain period of time ( Dip method), a method of spraying a rinsing liquid on the substrate surface (spray method), and the like.
- the photoresist composition (I) used in the resist pattern forming method contains an [A] acid generator and a [B] polymer.
- the photoresist composition (I) preferably contains a [C] fluorine atom-containing polymer and a [D] solvent, and may contain other components as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. .
- the [A] acid generator generates protonic acid upon irradiation with exposure light, and this proton forms a cationic group together with the group (a) of the [B] polymer.
- a salt of the [B] polymer and the protonic acid is formed, and the solubility of the [B] polymer in the developer at the exposed portion changes.
- dissolution contrast occurs between the exposed and unexposed areas.
- ester groups and carboxy groups and the like are formed by dissociation of acid-dissociable groups of conventional polymers. It is considered to be larger than that occurring between the two.
- the photoresist composition (I) can exhibit excellent EL performance. Further, according to the photoresist composition (I), in addition to the improvement in dissolution contrast, the diffusion length of the acid generated from the [A] acid generator is moderately increased by the group (a) of the [B] polymer. It is thought that it can be shortened, and as a result, resolution performance and MEEF performance can be improved. Furthermore, since the photoresist composition (I) produces a dissolution contrast by cation formation by the group (a) and the proton, compared with the conventional photoresist composition by dissociation of the acid dissociable group of the polymer. The activation energy required for the change is small, and as a result, the post-exposure bake (PEB) step after exposure can be omitted, and the throughput can be improved.
- PEB post-exposure bake
- the acid generator is a substance that generates a protonic acid when irradiated with exposure light.
- the generated protons form a cationic group together with the later-described [B] polymer group (a), whereby a salt of [B] polymer and a protonic acid is formed in the exposed area.
- a difference in solubility in the developer occurs between the exposed portion and the unexposed portion, and a high dissolution contrast is exhibited.
- the content of the acid generator is incorporated as a part of a polymer such as a polymer [B] even in the form of a compound as described later (hereinafter also referred to as “[A] acid generator” as appropriate). Or both of these forms.
- Examples of the acid generator include onium salt compounds, N-sulfonylimide compounds, halogen-containing compounds, diazoketone compounds, and the like.
- onium salt compounds examples include sulfonium salts, tetrahydrothiophenium salts, iodonium salts, phosphonium salts, diazonium salts, pyridinium salts, and the like.
- sulfonium salt examples include triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium nonafluoro-n-butanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium perfluoro-n-octanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium 2- (bicyclo [2.2.1] hept -2-yl) -1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium 2-bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl-1,1-difluoroethanesulfonate triphenylsulfonium 6- ( Adamantane-1-ylcarbonyloxy) hexane-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-n-hexanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium 2- (adamantan-1-ylcarbonyloxy) -1,1,3,3
- tetrahydrothiophenium salt examples include 1- (4-n-butoxynaphthalen-1-yl) tetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1- (4-n-butoxynaphthalen-1-yl) tetrahydrothiophenium nona.
- iodonium salt examples include diphenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, diphenyliodonium nonafluoro-n-butanesulfonate, diphenyliodonium perfluoro-n-octanesulfonate, diphenyliodonium 2-bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl- 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethanesulfonate, diphenyliodonium camphorsulfonate, bis (4-tert-butylphenyl) iodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis (4-tert-butylphenyl) iodonium nonafluoro-n-butanesulfonate, Bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium perfluoro-n-octanesulfonate, bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium 2-bic
- N-sulfonyloxyimide compounds include N- (trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy) bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide, N- (nonafluoro-n-butanesulfonyloxy).
- onium salt compounds are preferred, sulfonium salts are more preferred, and triphenylsulfonium 6- (adamantan-1-ylcarbonyloxy) -1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-n-hexanesulfonate, triphenyl Sulfonium 2- (bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl) -1,1-difluoroethanesulfonate, 4-cyclohexylphenyldiphenylsulfonium nonafluorobutanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium nonafluorobutanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium 2- (Adamantane-1-ylcarbonyloxy) -1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanesulfonate is more preferred.
- the content when the acid generator is an [A] acid generator is preferably 0.1 parts by mass to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer [B] described later. 5 to 50 parts by mass are more preferable, 1 to 30 parts by mass are further preferable, 5 to 20 parts by mass are particularly preferable, and 7 to 15 parts by mass is further particularly preferable. [A] By making content of an acid generator into the said range, EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance of the resist pattern formed with the said resist pattern formation method can be improved. [A] If the content of the acid generator is less than the above lower limit, the sensitivity of the photoresist composition (I) tends to decrease. [A] When content of an acid generator exceeds the said upper limit, the pattern formation property of photoresist composition (I) may fall.
- the polymer is a polymer having the structural unit (I) and having substantially no structural unit containing an acid dissociable group.
- the group (a) of the structural unit (I) of the polymer forms a cationic group together with the proton generated from the [A] acid generator, and as a result, the [B] polymer and proton in the exposed area. Formation of a salt with an acid causes a high dissolution contrast between the exposed and unexposed areas.
- the polymer preferably has the structural unit (II) represented by the above formula (2) in addition to the structural unit (I), and is selected from the group consisting of a lactone structure, a cyclic carbonate structure and a sultone structure.
- the structural unit (III) containing at least one kind of structure may be included, and other structural units other than these structural units may be included.
- Each of these structural units may have one type or two or more types. Hereinafter, each structural unit will be described.
- the structural unit (I) is a structural unit containing a group (a) that forms a cationic group with protons.
- the group (a) is not particularly limited as long as it has the above properties, and examples thereof include a group containing a nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair, a group containing a phosphorus atom having an unshared electron pair, and the like.
- Examples of the group containing a nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair and a phosphorus atom having the unshared electron pair include a monovalent group represented by the following formula (a-1) (hereinafter referred to as “group (a- 1) ”, a divalent group represented by the following formula (a-2) (hereinafter also referred to as“ group (a-2) ”), and a trivalent represented by the following formula (a-3) (Hereinafter also referred to as “group (a-3)”) (these groups are collectively referred to as “n-valent group (a)”) and the like.
- group (a- 1) hereinafter referred to as “group (a- 1)
- group (a-2) hereinafter also referred to as“ group (a-2)
- group (a-3) a trivalent represented by the following formula (a-3)
- the group (a) is at least one selected from the group consisting of the group (a-1), the group (a-2) and the group (a-3), formation of a cationic group between the group (a) and a proton
- the EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance of the resist pattern formed by the resist pattern forming method can be further improved.
- Z is each independently a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom.
- R, R ′, and R ′′ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that R and R ′ are bonded to each other, and a ring is formed together with Z to which these are bonded.
- a structure may be formed.
- Examples of the monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R, R ′ and R ′′ include, for example, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon group and an oxygen atom, and a carbonyl group. , A sulfonyl group, a group containing C ⁇ N, a group combined with a monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group, and the like.
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include chain hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alicyclic hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and aromatics having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Group hydrocarbon group and the like examples include chain hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alicyclic hydrocarbon groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and aromatics having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include: Alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, and t-butyl; Alkenyl groups such as ethenyl group, propenyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group; Examples thereof include alkynyl groups such as ethynyl group, propynyl group and butynyl group.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms include: A cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group; And cycloalkenyl groups such as a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a norbornenyl group.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms examples include: Aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl and anthryl; Examples thereof include aralkyl groups such as benzyl group, phenethyl group and naphthyl group.
- Examples of the group in which the hydrocarbon group is combined with an oxygen atom, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a group containing C Z (Z is a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom), a monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group, etc. , Alkoxyalkyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, dialkyliminooxycarbonyl group, heteroarylcarbonyl group, alkylsulfonyl group and the like.
- Examples of the ring structure formed by combining R and R ′ together with Z include: Examples of the case where Z is a nitrogen atom include azacyclopentane structure, azacyclohexane structure, azacycloalkane structure such as azacyclooctane structure, propiolaclam structure, butyrolactam structure, lactam structure such as valerolactam structure, etc. Examples of the case where Z is a phosphorus atom include a phosphacyclopentane structure, a phosphacyclohexane structure, and a phosphacycloalkane structure having a phosphacyclooctane structure.
- R, R ′ and R ′′ are preferably a hydrogen atom or a chain hydrocarbon group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, still more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. Further, a methyl group is particularly preferred, and both R and R ′ are preferably chain hydrocarbon groups, more preferably both are alkyl groups, and both are more preferably methyl groups.
- Z is preferably a nitrogen atom from the viewpoint of higher ability to form a cationic group with the proton of the group (a).
- Examples of the group (a-1) and the group (a-2) include groups represented by the following formulas (a-1-1) to (a-1-6) and (a-2-1) And “groups (a-1-1) to (a-1-6) and (a-2-1)”).
- the group (a-1) and the group (a-2) are at least one selected from the group consisting of the groups (a-1-1) to (a-1-6) and the group (a-2-1); Then, it is possible to further improve the cationic group forming ability of the group (a) and the proton, and as a result, further improve the EL performance, MEEF performance and resolution performance of the resist pattern formed by the resist pattern forming method. Can be made.
- Z is each independently a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom.
- R ⁇ , R ⁇ , R ⁇ 1 to R ⁇ 3 and R ⁇ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R ⁇ 4 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R ⁇ is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a divalent oxyhydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R ⁇ is a C 3-20 monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group containing a Z atom which may have a substituent.
- R alpha and R beta in the above formula (a-1-1), R ⁇ 1 and R beta in formula (a-1-2), or R [alpha] 2 and R .alpha.3 in formula (a-1-4) is bonded to each other To form a ring structure.
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R ⁇ , R ⁇ , R ⁇ 1 to R ⁇ 4 and R ⁇ are represented by R and R ′ in the above formula (a-1), for example. Examples thereof include groups similar to those exemplified as the monovalent hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R ⁇ include, for example, the monovalent hydrocarbon having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R ⁇ , R ⁇ and R ⁇ 1 to R ⁇ 4. Examples thereof include a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a hydrogen group.
- Examples of the divalent oxyhydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R ⁇ include, for example, monovalent oxyhydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R ⁇ , R ⁇ and R ⁇ 1 to R ⁇ 4 .
- Examples include a group obtained by combining a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon group and an oxygen atom.
- Examples of the monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group containing a Z atom represented by R ⁇ include, for example, When Z is a nitrogen atom, an azacyclopentadienyl group, a 1,2-diazacyclopentadienyl group, a 1,3-diazacyclopentadienyl group, an azaphenyl group, a 1,2-diazaphenyl group, 1 , 3-diazaphenyl group, 1,4-diazaphenyl group, etc.
- Z is a phosphorus atom, phosphacyclopentadienyl group, 1,2-diphosphacyclopentadienyl group, 1,3-diphosphacyclopentadienyl group, 1,4-diphosphacyclopentadienyl group Group, phosphaphenyl group, 1,2-diphosphaphenyl group, 1,3-diphosphaphenyl group, 1,4-diphosphaphenyl group and the like.
- Examples of the ring structure formed by combining R ⁇ and R ⁇ in the above formula (a-1-1) include an azacyclopentane structure, an azacyclohexane structure, an azacyclooctane structure, an azanorbornane structure, and the like. It is done.
- Examples of the ring structure formed by combining R ⁇ 1 and R ⁇ in the above formula (a-1-2) include an azaoxacyclopentane structure, an azaoxacyclohexane structure, an azaoxacyclooctane, and an azaoxanorbornane structure. Etc.
- Examples of the ring structure formed by combining R ⁇ 2 and R ⁇ 3 in the above formula (a-1-4) include a cyclopentane structure, a cyclohexane structure, a cyclooctane structure, a norbornane structure, an adamantane structure, and the like. .
- the group (a-1) is preferably a group represented by the above formula (a-1-1), more preferably a dialkylamino group, and even more preferably a dimethylamino group.
- the group (a-2) is preferably an imino group (—NH—) or an alkylimino group, more preferably an alkylimino group, and even more preferably a methylimino group.
- structural unit (I) examples include a structural unit represented by the following formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “structural unit (I-1)”).
- X 1 and X 2 are each independently a single bond, —O—, —C (O) —, —C (O) O—, —OC (O) O—, — C (O) OC (O) —, —C (O) NH—, —OC (O) NH— or —SO 3 —.
- Y 1 and Y 2 are each independently a single bond or a (n + 1) -valent group represented by —R C (R X ) ((L) p — *) n .
- R C is an (n + 2) -valent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
- R X is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- L is —O—, —C (O) —, —C (O) O—, —OC (O) O—, —C (O) OC (O) —, —C (O) NH—, — OC (O) NH— or —SO 3 —.
- n is 1 to 3.
- p is 0 or 1. When n is 2 or 3, a plurality of p may be the same or different. When there are a plurality of L, the plurality of L may be the same or different. * Indicates a site binding to R A or R B.
- R A and R B are each independently a hydrogen atom or an n-valent group (a). However, X 1 , Y 1 , X 2 and Y 2 are not all single bonds. At least one of R A and R B is an n-valent group (a).
- the structural unit (I) is the structural unit (I-1)
- the EL performance, MEEF performance and resolution performance of the resist pattern are further improved.
- n in the above formula (1) is 2 or 3
- n of the (n + 1) binding sites of Y 1 or Y 2 are respectively the n binding sites of the Z atom of R A or R B Combine to form a ring structure containing a Z atom.
- the ring structure formed by combining Y 1 and R A or Y 2 and R B is, for example,
- Z is a nitrogen atom
- an azacycloalkane structure such as an azacyclopentane structure, an azacyclohexane structure, an azacycloheptane structure, an azacyclooctane structure
- Z is a phosphorus atom
- phosphacycloalkane structures such as a phosphacyclopentane structure, a phosphacyclohexane structure, a phosphacycloheptane structure, and a phosphacyclooctane structure are exemplified.
- an azacycloalkane structure is preferable, and an azacyclohexane structure is more preferable.
- X 1 and X 2 are preferably a single bond, —C (O) — or —C (O) O—, and more preferably —C (O) — or —C (O) O—.
- the divalent group (n is 1) is preferably an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkanediyloxycarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkanediyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and an ethanediyl group. Is more preferable.
- the trivalent group (n is 2) an alkanetriyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable, and a 2,6-dimethylheptane-2,4,6-triyl group, a pentane-1,3,5-triyl group 2,6-dimethylheptane-2,4,6-triyl group is more preferable.
- the tetravalent group (n is 3) an alkanetetrayl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms is preferable, and a 3-ethylpentane-1,3,5,7-tetrayl group is more preferable.
- X 2 and Y 2 X 2 is preferably —CO— and Y 2 is a single bond, X 2 is —COO— and Y 2 is a chain hydrocarbon group, and X 2 is —CO and Y 2.
- X 2 is —COO— and Y 2 is an alkanediyl group or alkanetriyl group
- X 2 is —COO—
- Y 2 is an ethanediyl group or 2,6-dimethylheptane-2,4, More preferred is a 6-triyl group.
- the structural unit (I-1) when the group (a) is a group containing a nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair, the structural unit represented by the following formulas (1-1) to (1-4) At least one selected from the group (hereinafter also referred to as “structural units (I-1-1) to (I-1-4)”) is preferable.
- structural units (I-1-1) to (I-1-4) At least one selected from the group (hereinafter also referred to as “structural units (I-1-1) to (I-1-4)”) is preferable.
- the structural unit (I) is the structural units (I-1-1) to (I-1-4)
- the structural unit (I) can be more easily introduced into the [B] polymer.
- the EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance of the resist pattern formed by the resist pattern forming method are further improved.
- R ⁇ , R ⁇ and R ⁇ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R D is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R E is a divalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R F1 to R F4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R G is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R H is a single bond or a divalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R I is a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the monovalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by RD and R F1 to R F4 include, for example, Alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, linear or branched propyl group, butyl group and pentyl group; An alkenyl group such as an ethenyl group, a linear or branched propenyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group; Examples include ethynyl groups, propynyl groups, linear or branched butynyl groups, alkynyl groups such as pentynyl groups, and the like.
- Examples of the divalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R E and R H include alkanediyl groups such as methanediyl group, ethanediyl group, propanediyl group, butanediyl group; Alkenediyl groups such as ethenediyl group, propenediyl group, butenediyl group; Examples include alkynediyl groups such as ethynediyl group, propenediyl group and butynediyl group.
- Examples of the monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R G and R I are represented by R, R ′ and R ′′ in the above formulas (a-1) to (a-3), for example. Examples thereof include the same groups as the monovalent organic group.
- the structural unit (I-1) when the group (a) is a group containing a nitrogen atom having an unshared electron pair, for example, a structural unit represented by the following formula can be given.
- RD is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the structural unit (I) is preferably a structural unit having a disubstituted amino group or a structural unit having a cyclic amino group, more preferably a structural unit having a dialkylamino group or a structural unit having an azacycloalkane ring.
- a structural unit having a dimethylamino group a structural unit having a piperidine ring is more preferable, a structural unit derived from dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, a structural unit derived from dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, 2, 2, 6, Structural units derived from 6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl (meth) acrylate, structural units derived from 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl (meth) acrylate are particularly preferred, and dimethyl Derived from aminoethyl (meth) acrylate and dimethyl (meth) acrylamide Further particularly preferred elephants unit.
- Examples of the monomer that gives the structural unit (I) include compounds represented by the following formulas.
- the content ratio of the structural unit (I) is preferably 1 mol% to 100 mol%, more preferably 5 mol% to 70 mol%, more preferably 10 mol% with respect to all the structural units constituting the [B] polymer. Is more preferably from 50 to 50 mol%, particularly preferably from 15 to 35 mol%.
- EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance of the resist pattern formed with the said resist pattern formation method can be improved.
- the content ratio of the structural unit (I) is less than the above lower limit, the sensitivity of the photoresist composition (I) may be lowered.
- the structural unit (II) is a structural unit represented by the above formula (2).
- the [B] polymer further has the structural unit (II), whereby physical properties such as physical properties and solubility in a developer can be adjusted.
- the resist The EL performance, MEEF and resolution performance of the resist pattern formed by the pattern forming method can be improved.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- E represents —O—, —C (O) —, —C (O) O—, —S—, —S (O) —, —S (O) 2 —, —C (O) S—, or — C (S) O-.
- R 2 is a non-acid dissociable monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. However, some or all of the halogen atom of the hydrogen atom of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group of a hydrocarbon group and R 2 of R 1, hydroxy group, carboxy group, may be substituted by nitro group or an oxo group.
- Examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 1 include groups similar to those exemplified as R and R ′ in the structural unit (I).
- Examples of the halogen atom among the substituents that the hydrocarbon group may have include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- the oxo group means a group formed by replacing two hydrogen atoms bonded to the same carbon atom of the hydrocarbon group with one oxygen atom.
- a fluorine atom, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, and an oxo group are preferable, and a fluorine atom and a hydroxy group are more preferable.
- the above E is preferably —O— or —C (O) O—, more preferably —C (O) O—.
- non-acid-dissociable monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 2 include, for example, Monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclodecyl group, cyclododecyl group; And polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group, a tricyclodecyl group, and a tetracyclododecyl group.
- Monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclodecyl group, cyclod
- the explanation of the substituent of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group of R 2 is the same as the substituent of the hydrocarbon group of R 1 .
- a fluorine atom, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, and an oxo group are preferable, and a hydroxy group and an oxo group are more preferable.
- structural unit (II) for example, a structural unit represented by the following formula can be given as a group having an unsubstituted monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
- R ⁇ 1 > is synonymous with the said Formula (2).
- examples of the structural unit (II) include structural units represented by the following formulas as those having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group containing a polar group.
- R ⁇ 1 > is synonymous with the said Formula (2).
- the structural unit (II) is preferably a structural unit having an unsubstituted monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group from the viewpoint of adjusting the physical properties of the polymer [B].
- the structural unit having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group is more preferable, the structural unit derived from cycloalkyl (meth) acrylate is more preferable, and the structural unit derived from cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate is particularly preferable.
- the content ratio of the structural unit (II) is preferably 0 mol% to 95 mol%, more preferably 10 mol% to 90 mol%, more preferably 20 mol% with respect to all the structural units constituting the [B] polymer. More preferably, it is -85 mol%, and 50 mol%-85 mol% is especially preferable.
- the content ratio of the structural unit (II) is preferably 0 mol% to 95 mol%, more preferably 10 mol% to 90 mol%, more preferably 20 mol% with respect to all the structural units constituting the [B] polymer. More preferably, it is -85 mol%, and 50 mol%-85 mol% is especially preferable.
- the structural unit (III) is a structural unit having at least one structure selected from the group consisting of a lactone structure, a cyclic carbonate structure, and a sultone structure.
- the polymer can adjust physical properties such as polarity and solubility in a developer, and as a result, the polymer is formed from the photoresist composition (I).
- the EL performance, MEEF performance and resolution performance of the resist pattern can be improved.
- the adhesion between the formed resist film and the substrate can be improved.
- the lactone structure refers to a structure containing one ring (lactone ring) including a bond represented by —O—C (O) —.
- the cyclic carbonate structure refers to a structure containing one ring (cyclic carbonate ring) including a bond represented by —O—C (O) —O—.
- the sultone structure refers to a structure containing one ring (sultone ring) including a bond represented by —O—S (O) 2 —.
- Examples of the structural unit having the lactone structure include a structural unit represented by the following formula.
- R L1 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.
- a structural unit having a norbornane lactone structure or a ⁇ -butyrolactone structure is preferable, a structural unit having a norbornane lactone structure is more preferable, and an unsubstituted norbornane lactonyl group Are more preferable, and a structural unit derived from norbornane lactonyl (meth) acrylate is particularly preferable.
- Examples of the structural unit having a cyclic carbonate structure include a structural unit represented by the following formula.
- R L1 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.
- a structural unit having an ethylene carbonate ring structure is preferable, a structural unit having an unsubstituted ethylene carbonate group is more preferable, and ethylene carbonate methyl (meth) acrylate.
- the structural unit derived from is more preferable.
- Examples of the structural unit having the sultone structure include a structural unit represented by the following formula.
- R L1 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.
- a structural unit having a norbornane sultone structure is preferable, a structural unit having an unsubstituted norbornane sutonyl group is more preferable, and derived from norbornane sutonyl (meth) acrylate. More preferred is a structural unit.
- the structural unit (III) from the viewpoint of adjusting the physical properties of the [B] polymer, a structural unit having a lactone structure and a structural unit having a cyclic carbonate structure are preferable, and a structural unit having a cyclic carbonate structure is more preferable.
- the content of the structural unit (III) in the polymer is preferably 0 mol% to 80 mol%, more preferably 5 mol% to 50 mol%, based on all the structural units constituting the [B] polymer. 10 mol% to 35 mol% is more preferable.
- the content ratio of the structural unit (III) in the above range, the physical properties such as the polarity of the polymer [B] and the solubility in the developer can be more appropriately adjusted.
- the resist pattern forming method It is possible to improve the EL performance, MEEF performance and resolution performance of the resist pattern formed in (1).
- the content ratio of the structural unit (III) exceeds the above upper limit, the sensitivity of the photoresist composition (I) may be lowered.
- the polymer may further have other structural units in addition to the structural units (I) to (III).
- the content ratio of other structural units is usually 30 mol% or less, preferably 20 mol% or less, based on all the structural units constituting the [B] polymer.
- the total content of the structural unit (I) and the structural unit (II), from the viewpoint of improving the EL performance of the photoresist composition (I), [B] with respect to all the structural units constituting the polymer 75 mol% or more is preferable, 85 mol% or more is more preferable, 95 mol% or more is further preferable, and 99 mol% or more is particularly preferable.
- MEEF performance and resolution performance of the photoresist composition (I), the total content of the structural unit (I), the structural unit (II) and the structural unit (III) is [B It is preferably 80 mol% or more, more preferably 90 mol% or more, still more preferably 95 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 99 mol% or more with respect to all structural units constituting the polymer.
- the [B] polymer has substantially no structural unit containing an acid dissociable group.
- the “acid-dissociable group” refers to a group that substitutes a hydrogen atom of a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, etc., and dissociates by the action of an acid. Having substantially no structural unit containing an acid-dissociable group means that, for example, the content ratio of the structural unit containing an acid-dissociable group is preferably [B] with respect to all the structural units constituting the polymer. It is 10 mol% or less, more preferably 5 mol% or less, still more preferably 3 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 1 mol% or less.
- the [B] polymer has substantially no structural unit containing an acid-dissociable group in addition to the structural unit (I), thereby increasing the dissolution contrast.
- the EL performance, MEEF performance, and resolution performance can be improved.
- Examples of the structural unit containing the acid dissociable group include a structural unit represented by the following formula.
- R 0 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.
- R p is an acid dissociable group represented by the following formula (0-i).
- R p1 , R p2 and R p3 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. . However, R p2 and R p3 may be bonded to each other to form a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded.
- the polymer can be synthesized, for example, by polymerizing monomers corresponding to predetermined respective structural units in a suitable solvent using a radical polymerization initiator.
- radical polymerization initiator examples include azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (2-cyclopropylpropylene). Pionitrile), 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), azo radical initiators such as dimethyl 2,2′-azobisisobutyrate; benzoyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, And peroxide radical initiators such as cumene hydroperoxide. Of these, AIBN and dimethyl 2,2'-azobisisobutyrate are preferred, and AIBN is more preferred. These radical polymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the solvent used for the polymerization include alkanes such as n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, n-nonane and n-decane; Cycloalkanes such as cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, decalin, norbornane; Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, cumene; Halogenated hydrocarbons such as chlorobutanes, bromohexanes, dichloroethanes, hexamethylene dibromide, chlorobenzene; Saturated carboxylic acid esters such as ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, i-butyl acetate and methyl propionate; Ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone
- the reaction temperature in the above polymerization is usually 40 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably 50 ° C to 120 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 1 hour to 48 hours, preferably 1 hour to 24 hours.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) of the polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1,000 or more and 500,000 or less, more preferably 3,000 or more and 100,000 or less. Preferably, 5,000 or more and 300,000 or less are more preferable, and 8,000 or more and 20,000 or less are particularly preferable. [B] If the Mw of the polymer is less than the above lower limit, the heat resistance of the resulting resist film may be lowered. [B] If the Mw of the polymer exceeds the above upper limit, the developability of the resist film may be lowered.
- Mn of the polymer by vapor pressure absolute molecular weight measurement is preferably 1,000 to 300,000, more preferably 2,000 to 70,000, and more preferably 3,000 to 200,000. Is more preferable, and 5,000 or more and 15,000 or less are particularly preferable. If the polymer Mn is less than the above lower limit, the heat resistance of the resulting resist film may decrease. [B] If the Mw of the polymer exceeds the above upper limit, the developability of the resist film may be lowered.
- the ratio (Mw / Mn) of Mw to the number average molecular weight (Mn) in terms of polystyrene by GPC of the polymer is usually from 1 to 5, preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 1 to 2. .
- the photoresist composition (I) may contain a fluorine atom-containing polymer (except for those corresponding to the [B] polymer).
- the photoresist composition (I) contains a [C] fluorine atom-containing polymer
- the distribution of the resist is different depending on the oil-repellent characteristics of the [C] fluorine atom-containing polymer. Since there is a tendency to be unevenly distributed on the surface layer of the film, elution of the acid generator and the acid diffusion controller in the resist film into the immersion medium can be suppressed during immersion exposure.
- the advancing contact angle between the resist film and the immersion medium can be controlled within a desired range, and the occurrence of bubble defects can be suppressed.
- the receding contact angle between the resist film and the immersion medium can be increased, and as a result, high-speed scanning exposure is possible without leaving water droplets.
- the fluorine atom-containing polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer containing a fluorine atom, but it is usually formed by polymerizing one or more monomers containing fluorine atoms in the structure. Can do.
- the monomer containing a fluorine atom in the structure include those containing a fluorine atom in the main chain, those containing a fluorine atom in the side chain, and those containing a fluorine atom in the main chain and the side chain.
- Examples of monomers containing fluorine atoms in the main chain include ⁇ -fluoroacrylate compounds, ⁇ -trifluoromethyl acrylate compounds, ⁇ -fluoroacrylate compounds, ⁇ -trifluoromethyl acrylate compounds, ⁇ , ⁇ -fluoroacrylate compounds. , ⁇ , ⁇ -trifluoromethyl acrylate compounds, compounds in which one or more types of vinyl moiety hydrogen are substituted with fluorine atoms or trifluoromethyl groups, and the like.
- Examples of the monomer containing a fluorine atom in the side chain include those in which the side chain of an alicyclic olefin compound such as norbornene is a fluorine atom, a fluoroalkyl group or a derivative thereof, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and a fluoroalkyl alcohol. And an ester compound formed from a derivative thereof and those having one or more types of olefin side chains (parts not containing a double bond) are fluorine atoms, fluoroalkyl groups, and derivatives thereof.
- an alicyclic olefin compound such as norbornene is a fluorine atom, a fluoroalkyl group or a derivative thereof, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and a fluoroalkyl alcohol.
- an ester compound formed from a derivative thereof and those having one or more types of olefin side chains (parts not containing a double bond) are fluorine atoms,
- Examples of monomers containing fluorine atoms in the main chain and side chain include ⁇ -fluoroacrylic acid, ⁇ -fluoroacrylic acid, ⁇ , ⁇ -fluoroacrylic acid, ⁇ -trifluoromethylacrylic acid, ⁇ -trifluoro Ester compounds formed from methylacrylic acid, ⁇ , ⁇ -ditrifluoromethylacrylic acid, etc., and fluoroalkyl alcohols or derivatives thereof, hydrogen in one or more vinyl sites is substituted with fluorine atom, trifluoromethyl group, etc.
- this alicyclic olefin compound means the compound in which a part of ring is a double bond.
- the structural unit imparting a fluorine atom is not particularly limited, but is also a structural unit represented by the following formula (C1) (hereinafter also referred to as “structural unit (CI)”). ) Is preferred.
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.
- A is a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- R 4 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms having at least one fluorine atom, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, or a derivative of these groups It is a group.
- Examples of the divalent linking group represented by A include —O—, —S—, —COO—, —CONH—, —SO 2 NH—, —OCONH—, and the like. Of these, —COO— is preferable.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and having at least one fluorine atom represented by R 4 include, for example, a fluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a perfluoromethyl group, 2, 2 , 2-trifluoroethyl group, perfluoroethyl group, perfluoro n-propyl group, perfluoro i-propyl group, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl group, perfluoro- Examples thereof include n-butyl group. Of these, 2,2,2-trifluoromethyl group and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl group are preferable.
- Examples of the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and having at least one fluorine atom represented by R 4 include a fluorocyclobutyl group, a fluorocyclopentyl group, a difluorocyclohexyl group, a difluoronorbornyl group. Nyl group, perfluoroadamantyl group, etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the derivative group represented by R 4 include 2-hydroxy-1,1,1,3,3,3-trifluoro-2-propyl group, 2-hydroxy-2-trifluoromethyl- 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-pentyl group, 2-hydroxy-2-trifluoromethyl-3-methyl-1,1,1-trifluoro-4-butyl group, 2-hydroxy-2-trifluoro And methyl-6-methyl-4-heptyl group.
- a fluoro-4-butyl group and a 2-hydroxy-2-trifluoromethyl-6-methyl-4-heptyl group are preferred.
- Examples of the monomer that gives the structural unit (CI) include trifluoromethyl (meth) acrylic acid ester, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl (meth) acrylic acid ester, and perfluoroethyl (meth) acrylic acid.
- the content ratio of the structural unit (CI) is preferably 5 mol% or more, more preferably 10 mol% or more, more preferably 20 mol%, based on all the structural units constituting the [C] fluorine atom-containing polymer. Further preferred. If the content ratio of the structural unit (CI) is less than the above lower limit, a receding contact angle of 70 ° or more may not be achieved, or suppression of elution of an acid generator or the like from the resist film may be insufficient. .
- the fluorine atom-containing polymer may contain one or more structural units (CI).
- the fluorine atom-containing polymer includes, for example, a structural unit having an acid-dissociable group for controlling solubility in a developer, a lactone structure, and a cyclic carbonate structure. Or a structural unit having a sultone structure, a non-acid dissociable chain hydrocarbon group or a structural unit having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group to suppress light scattering due to reflection from the substrate.
- a structural unit having an acid-dissociable group for controlling solubility in a developer
- a lactone structure for controlling solubility in a developer
- a cyclic carbonate structure for controlling solubility in a developer
- a lactone structure for controlling solubility in a developer
- a cyclic carbonate structure for controlling solubility in a developer
- a lactone structure for controlling solubility in a developer
- a cyclic carbonate structure for controlling solubility in a developer
- a lactone structure for controlling solub
- structural unit having an acid dissociable group examples include a structural unit represented by the following formula (C2) (hereinafter also referred to as “structural unit (C-II)”).
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group.
- R q1 , R q2 and R q3 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, or a group thereof. Derivative group. However, R q2 and R q3 may be bonded to each other to form a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded.
- Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R q1 , R q2 and R q3 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n- A butyl group, a 2-methylpropyl group, a 1-methylpropyl group, a t-butyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R q1 , R q2 and R q3 include norbornane, tricyclodecane, tetracyclododecane, adamantane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, and the like. , Groups obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from cycloalkanes such as cyclohexane, cycloheptane, and cyclooctane.
- Examples of the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms formed by combining R q2 and R q3 include monovalent alicyclic rings represented by R q1 , R q2 and R q3 above. Examples thereof include groups in which one hydrogen atom has been removed from those exemplified as the formula hydrocarbon group.
- examples of the acid dissociable group that is, the group bonded to the oxygen atom of the ester group include, for example, a t-butyl group, 1-n- (1-ethyl-1-methyl) propyl group, 1 -N- (1,1-dimethyl) propyl group, 1-n- (1,1-dimethyl) butyl group, 1-n- (1,1-dimethyl) pentyl group, 1- (1,1-diethyl) Propyl group, 1-n- (1,1-diethyl) butyl group, 1-n- (1,1-diethyl) pentyl group, 1- (1-methyl) cyclopentyl group, 1- (1-ethyl) cyclopentyl group 1- (1-n-propyl) cyclopentyl group, 1- (1-i-propyl) cyclopentyl group, 1- (1-methyl) cyclohexyl group, 1- (1-ethyl) cyclohe
- Monomers that give the structural unit (C-II) include (meth) acrylic acid 2-methyladamantyl-2-yl ester, (meth) acrylic acid 2-methyl-3-hydroxyadamantyl-2-yl ester, (Meth) acrylic acid 2-ethyladamantyl-2-yl ester, (meth) acrylic acid 2-ethyl-3-hydroxyadamantyl-2-yl ester, (meth) acrylic acid 2-n-propyladamantyl-2-yl ester (Meth) acrylic acid 2-isopropyladamantyl-2-yl ester, (meth) acrylic acid-2-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl ester, (meth) acrylic acid-2-ethylbicyclo ester [2.2.1] Hept-2-yl ester, (meth) acrylic acid-8-methyltricyclo [5.2.1.0 2 , 6 ] decan-8-yl ester, (meth) acrylic acid-8-ethyltricyclo [5.2
- structural units derived from 1-alkyl-1-cycloalkyl (meth) acrylate are preferable, structural units derived from 1-alkyl-1-cyclopentyl (meth) acrylate are more preferable, and 1-ethyl-1- A structural unit derived from cyclopentyl (meth) acrylate is more preferred.
- structural unit (C-III) examples of the structural unit having the lactone structure, cyclic carbonate structure or sultone structure (hereinafter also referred to as “structural unit (C-III)”) are the same as those of the structural unit (III) of the polymer [B], etc. Is mentioned.
- structural unit (C-IV) examples of the structural unit having a non-dissociable chain hydrocarbon group or alicyclic hydrocarbon group (hereinafter also referred to as “structural unit (C-IV)”) are represented by the following formula (C4). Examples include structural units.
- R 6 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a methyl group, or a trifluoromethyl group.
- R 7 is a non-acid dissociable chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a non-acid dissociable monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms. Some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the chain hydrocarbon group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted.
- Examples of the monovalent chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 7 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an i-propyl group, an n-butyl group, and an n-hexyl group. Group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group and the like. Of these, a 2-ethylhexyl group is preferred.
- Examples of the monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms represented by R 7 include cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, and bicyclo [2.2. 2] Octane, tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane, tetracyclo [6.2.1.1 3,6 . And a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from cycloalkanes such as 0 2,7 ] dodecane and tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7 ] decane.
- Examples of the substituent that the chain hydrocarbon group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may have include a hydroxy group, a cyano group, a hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and a carboxy group.
- the substituent also includes an oxygen atom that replaces two hydrogen atoms bonded to the same carbon atom of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group. In this case, a carbonyl group is formed.
- Examples of the monomer giving the structural unit (C-IV) include 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl (meth) acrylate, and bicyclo [2.2.2].
- Oct-2-yl (meth) acrylate tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] dec-7-yl (meth) acrylate, tetracyclo [6.2.1.1 3,6 . 0 2,7 ] dodec-9-yl (meth) acrylate, tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7 ] dec-1-yl (meth) acrylate, tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7 Deca-2-yl (meth) acrylate and the like.
- a (meth) acrylate containing a chain hydrocarbon group is preferred, and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate is more preferred.
- structural unit examples include, for example, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, 2-methylstyrene, 3 -Methylstyrene, 4-methylstyrene, 2-methoxystyrene, 3-methoxystyrene, 4-methoxystyrene, 4- (2-t-butoxycarbonylethyloxy) styrene 2-hydroxystyrene, 3-hydroxystyrene, 4-hydroxy Styrene, 2-hydroxy- ⁇ -methylstyrene, 3-hydroxy- ⁇ -methylstyrene, 4-hydroxy- ⁇ -methylstyrene, 2-methyl-3-hydroxystyrene, 4-methyl-3-hydroxystyrene, 5-methyl -3-hydroxystyrene, 2-methyl-4-hydroxystyrene, 3-methyl-4- Loxystyrene, 3,4-d
- the fluorine atom-containing polymer may have one or more of structural units (C-II) to (CV) as “other structural units”. .
- the content ratio of the other structural units is usually 80 mol% or less, preferably 75 mol% or less, more preferably 70 mol% or less, based on the total structural units constituting the [C] fluorine atom-containing polymer. It is.
- the fluorine atom-containing polymer can be synthesized, for example, by polymerizing a monomer giving each predetermined structural unit in a suitable solvent using a radical polymerization initiator.
- Examples of the method for synthesizing the fluorine atom-containing polymer include the same methods as those for the above [B] polymer.
- the Mw of the fluorine atom-containing polymer is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 2,000 to 50,000, still more preferably 3,000 to 30,000, and 4,000 to 10 Is particularly preferred.
- the ratio of Mw to Mn (Mw / Mn) of the fluorine atom-containing polymer is usually 1 to 3, preferably 1 to 2.5, and more preferably 1 to 2.
- the photoresist composition (I) usually contains a [D] solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve or disperse at least components such as the above [A] acid generator, [B] polymer, and [C] fluorine atom-containing polymer added as necessary.
- Solvents include, for example, alcohol solvents, ether solvents, ketone organic solvents, amide solvents, ester organic solvents, hydrocarbon solvents, and the like.
- alcohol solvent examples include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, iso-pentanol, 2-methylbutanol, sec-pentanol, tert-pentanol, 3-methoxybutanol, n-hexanol, 2-methylpentanol, sec-hexanol, 2-ethylbutanol, sec-heptanol, 3-heptanol, n-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol , Sec-octanol, n-nonyl alcohol, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol, n-decanol, sec-undecyl alcohol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, sec-tetradecyl alcohol, sec -und
- ether solvent for example, Dialkyl ether solvents such as diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether; Alkyl aryl ether solvents such as anisole (methyl phenyl ether) and ethyl phenyl ether; Examples include diaryl ether solvents such as diphenyl ether.
- ketone solvents include: Acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, methyl-n-butyl ketone, diethyl ketone, methyl-iso-butyl ketone, methyl-n-pentyl ketone, ethyl-n-butyl ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, di-iso- Chain ketone solvents such as butyl ketone and trimethylnonanone; Cyclic ketone solvents such as cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, cycloheptanone, cyclooctanone, methylcyclohexanone; Examples include 2,4-pentanedione, acetonylacetone, acetophenone, and the like.
- amide solvents include N, N′-dimethylimidazolidinone, N-methylformamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-diethylformamide, acetamide, N-methylacetamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, Examples thereof include N-methylpropionamide and N-methylpyrrolidone.
- ester solvents include: Methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, iso-propyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, iso-butyl acetate, sec-butyl acetate, n-pentyl acetate, i-pentyl acetate, sec-pentyl acetate, 3-methoxy acetate Acetic acid such as butyl, methylpentyl acetate, 2-ethylbutyl acetate, 2-ethylhexyl acetate, benzyl acetate, cyclohexyl acetate, methyl cyclohexyl acetate, n-nonyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, glycol diacetate, methoxytriglycol acetate Ester solvents; Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, e
- hydrocarbon solvent examples include n-pentane, i-pentane, n-hexane, i-hexane, n-heptane, i-heptane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, n-octane and i-octane.
- Cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane
- Aromatics such as benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, ethylbenzene, trimethylbenzene, methylethylbenzene, n-propylbenzene, i-propylbenzene, diethylbenzene, iso-butylbenzene, triethylbenzene, di-propylbenzene, n-amylnaphthalene
- hydrocarbon solvents include hydrocarbon solvents.
- ketone solvents and ester solvents are preferred, and cyclic ketone solvents, acetate ester solvents of polyhydric alcohol partial ethers, and lactone solvents are more preferred, and cyclohexanone and ⁇ -butyrolactone are preferred. Further, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate is more preferable.
- the photoresist composition (I) may contain these solvents alone or in combination of two or more.
- the photoresist composition (I) includes other materials such as an acid proliferator, a polar group-containing alicyclic structure compound, an acid diffusion controller, a surfactant, and a sensitizer. These components may be contained.
- the photoresist composition (I) may contain one or more other optional components.
- An acid proliferator is a component that is stable in the absence of an acid, but in the presence of an acid, it is decomposed by a catalytic reaction of this acid to produce a protonic acid. As the amount of the produced protonic acid increases, Since the decomposition reaction is accelerated, protonic acid can be grown and produced.
- an acid proliferator in the photoresist composition (I) for example, a larger amount of proton acid can be generated than the proton acid generated from the [A] acid generator during exposure. As a result, more cationic groups can be formed from the group (a) of the [B] polymer, and the dissolution contrast between the exposed part and the unexposed part can be improved.
- the form of the acid proliferator contained may be a form of a compound as will be described later (hereinafter also referred to as an “acid proliferator” as appropriate), a form incorporated as part of a polymer, or both of these forms.
- the acid dissociation constant (pKa) is preferably 3 or less, more preferably 2 or less as the strength of the generated acid.
- the acid generated is preferably an organic sulfonic acid, such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, propanesulfonic acid, butanesulfonic acid, pentanesulfonic acid, hexanesulfonic acid, heptanesulfonic acid, octanesulfonic acid, cyclohexanesulfonic acid, camphorsulfone.
- organic sulfonic acid such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, propanesulfonic acid, butanesulfonic acid, pentanesulfonic acid, hexanesulfonic acid, heptanesulfonic acid, octanesulfonic acid, cyclohexanesulfonic acid, camphorsulfone.
- Acid trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, p-bromobenzenesulfonic acid, p-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, 2-thiophenesulfonic acid, 1- Naphthalenesulfonic acid and 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid are more preferable.
- a compound in which a sulfonate group represented by the following formula (E) is bonded to a carbon atom forming a carbocyclic skeleton directly or via a divalent organic group is preferable.
- R a is a monovalent organic group.
- Examples of the monovalent organic group represented by R a include a chain organic group, an organic group having an alicyclic structure, an organic group having an aromatic ring structure, and an organic group having a heterocyclic structure. It is done.
- the chain organic group is preferably an organic group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, and a hexyl group.
- An unsubstituted alkyl group an unsubstituted acyl group such as a formyl group, an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group; an unsubstituted alkenyl group such as a vinyl group and an allyl group; an unsubstituted group such as a vinylcarbonyl group and an allylcarbonyl group An alkenylcarbonyl group of the above; substituents of these groups, and the like.
- Examples of the organic group having the alicyclic structure include alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as a cyclohexyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a bicyclohydrocarbon group, and a tricyclohydrocarbon group; and their substitutes.
- organic group having an aromatic ring structure examples include aryl groups such as phenyl group and naphthyl group; aralkyl groups such as benzyl group, phenethyl group and naphthylmethyl;
- Examples of the organic group having a heterocyclic structure include a 5-membered ring compound containing one heteroatom such as furan, pyrrole, benzofuran, indole, and carbazole and a condensed ring compound thereof; two heteroatoms such as oxazole and pyrazole.
- a heterocyclic group derived from a heterocyclic compound such as a 6-membered ring compound containing two heteroatoms and a condensed ring compound thereof, and substituted products thereof.
- Examples of the substituent that gives a substituent of the above group include a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, an oxyhydrocarbon group, an amino group, and a substituted amino group.
- Examples of the compound having a sulfonate group represented by the above formula (E) include a compound represented by the following formula.
- R a has the same meaning as the above formula (E).
- R b is a hydrogen atom, a chain-like monovalent organic group, a monovalent organic group having an alicyclic structure, or a monovalent organic group having an aromatic ring structure.
- R c is a chain-like monovalent organic group, a monovalent organic group having an alicyclic structure, or a monovalent organic group having an aromatic ring structure.
- L is a single bond or a divalent organic group.
- Rb is preferably a chain organic group, an organic group having an alicyclic structure, or an organic group having an aromatic ring structure.
- the chain-like monovalent organic group represented by R c is preferably an alkyl group that may have a fluorine atom or a cycloalkyl group that may have a fluorine atom.
- These groups include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, cyclopentyl group, n-hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, n- Octyl group, trifluoromethyl group, pentafluoroethyl group, perfluorobutyl group, perfluoro-t-butyl group, perfluoropentyl group, perfluorocyclopentyl group, perfluorohexyl group, perfluorocyclohexyl group, perfluorooctyl group Etc.
- the divalent organic group represented by L is preferably a group represented by the following formula.
- Examples of the acid proliferating agent include compounds represented by the following formulas.
- the content of the acid proliferator in the photoresist composition (I) when the acid proliferator is an acid proliferator, [B] 100 mass of the polymer from the viewpoint of increasing the sensitivity of the photoresist composition (I). Part by weight to 0 part by weight to 20 parts by weight, and more preferably 1 part by weight to 10 parts by weight. If the content of the acid proliferating agent is less than the above lower limit, the sensitivity of the photoresist composition (I) may decrease. If the content of the acid proliferating agent exceeds the above upper limit, the pattern forming property of the photoresist composition (I) may be lowered.
- the polar group-containing alicyclic structure compound has at least one group selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a group that generates a carboxy group by the action of an acid, and a group having a lactone structure, and an alicyclic structure, and A compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.
- the polar group-containing alicyclic structure compound has the effect of suppressing the surface roughness of the resist pattern formed from the photoresist composition (I) and improving lithography properties such as circularity and sensitivity in the hole pattern. This effect is more effectively exhibited in the case of forming a negative resist pattern using a developer containing an organic solvent.
- an adamantane derivative containing a carboxy group such as 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid
- An adamantane derivative containing a group that generates a carboxy group by the action of an acid such as 2,5-bis (1-adamantylcarbonyloxy) -2,5-dimethylhexane
- a norbornane derivative containing a group that generates a carboxy group by the action of an acid such as 2-hydroxy-6-methoxycarbonylnorbornanelactone
- Examples thereof include steroid derivatives containing a group that generates a carboxy group by the action of an acid such as t-butoxycarbonylmethyl 3,12-dihydroxycholanate and t-butoxycarbonylmethyl 3-hydroxycholanoate.
- the content of the polar group-containing alicyclic structure compound in the photoresist composition (I) is preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the [B] polymer. 8 parts by mass is more preferable, 0.5 parts by mass to 7 parts by mass is further preferable, and 1 part by mass to 6 parts by mass is particularly preferable. If the content of the polar group-containing alicyclic structure compound exceeds the above upper limit, the pattern forming property of the photoresist composition (I) may be lowered.
- the [B] polymer has a group (a) that forms a cationic group together with protons, and [A] plays a role of controlling the diffusion of acid generated from the acid generator.
- the acid diffusion control agent may be included as necessary.
- Examples of the acid diffusion control agent include: Amine compounds such as mono (cyclo) alkylamines, di (cyclo) alkylamines, tri (cyclo) alkylamines, alkylanilines, diamines, triamines; Nt-alkyloxycarbonyl group-containing amino compounds, amide group-containing compounds such as amides; Urea compounds such as urea and methylurea; Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds such as imidazoles, pyridines, piperazines; For example, a photodegradable base composed of an onium salt compound represented by the following formula (F1) or the following formula (F2) can be used.
- an onium salt compound represented by the following formula (F1) or the following formula (F2) can be used.
- R 8 to R 12 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, or a halogen atom.
- G - and Q - are each independently, OH -, R B -COO - or R B -SO 3 - is.
- R B is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an anion represented by aralkyl or formula (F3).
- R13 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in which part or all of the hydrogen atoms may be substituted with fluorine atoms, or a group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. It is a linear or branched alkoxy group.
- u is an integer of 0-2.
- Examples of the acid diffusion controller include compounds represented by the following formulas.
- the content of the acid diffusion controller in the photoresist composition (I) is preferably less than 10 parts by mass and more preferably less than 8 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the [B] polymer. If the content of the acid diffusion controller exceeds the above upper limit, the sensitivity of the photoresist composition (I) may decrease.
- the surfactant has an effect of improving the coating property, striation, developability and the like of the photoresist composition (I).
- the surfactant include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene n-octylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene n-nonylphenyl ether, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol dilaurate.
- Nonionic surfactants such as stearate are listed.
- Commercially available products include KP341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), Polyflow No. 75, no.
- the sensitizer has an effect of increasing the amount of acid generated from the [A] acid generator, and has the effect of improving the “apparent sensitivity” of the photoresist composition (I).
- sensitizer examples include carbazoles, acetophenones, benzophenones, naphthalenes, phenols, biacetyl, eosin, rose bengal, pyrenes, anthracenes, phenothiazines, and the like.
- photoresist composition (I) for example, [A] acid generator, [B] polymer, [C] fluorine atom-containing polymer, other optional components, and [D] solvent are mixed at a predetermined ratio. Can be prepared. The obtained mixed solution is preferably filtered through, for example, a filter having a pore size of about 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the total solid content concentration of the photoresist composition (I) is preferably 0.1% by mass to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.5% by mass to 25% by mass, and further preferably 1% by mass to 10% by mass. .
- Mw and Mn of the fluorine atom-containing polymer are GPC columns (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, two G2000HXL, one G3000HXL, one G4000HXL), a flow rate of 1.0 ml / min, an elution solvent tetrahydrofuran, a column temperature of 40. The measurement was performed by GPC using monodisperse polystyrene as a standard under analytical conditions of ° C.
- the polymerization start was carried out for 6 hours with the start of dropping as the polymerization start time.
- the polymerization reaction solution was cooled with water and cooled to 30 ° C. or lower, poured into 400 g of methanol, and the precipitated white powder was separated by filtration.
- the white powder separated by filtration was washed twice by slurrying with 80 g of methanol, and then filtered again and dried at 50 ° C. for 17 hours to obtain a white powder polymer (B-1 )
- the content ratio of the structural unit derived from the monomer (M-1): the structural unit derived from the monomer (M-8) was 27 mol%: 73 mol%. .
- Polymers (C-2) to (C-4) were synthesized in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 14 except that the monomers shown in Table 2 below were used and the amounts used (mol%) were used.
- the values of Mw, Mw / Mn, and each structural unit content (mol%) of each polymer are shown in Table 2.
- A-1 Triphenylsulfonium 6- (adamantan-1-ylcarbonyloxy) -1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-n-hexanesulfonate (compound represented by the following formula (A-1))
- A-2 Triphenylsulfonium 2- (bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl) -1,1-difluoroethanesulfonate (compound represented by the following formula (A-2))
- A-3 4-cyclohexylphenyldiphenylsulfonium nonafluorobutanesulfonate (compound represented by the following formula (A-3))
- A-4 Triphenylsulfonium nonafluorobutanesulfonate (compound represented by the following formula (A-4))
- A-5 Triphenylsulfonium 2- (adamantan-1-ylcarbonyloxy) -1,1,3,3,3-pentafluoro
- Example 1 [A] 10.8 parts by mass as an acid generator, 100 parts by mass of (B-1) as a polymer [B], 3 parts by mass of (C-1) as a polymer [C] In addition, (D-1) 1,972 parts by mass, (D-2) 845 parts by mass and (D-3) 30 parts by mass as a solvent were mixed, and each component was mixed to obtain a homogeneous solution. . Thereafter, this homogeneous solution was filtered using a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.2 ⁇ m to prepare a photoresist composition.
- Examples 2 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 Except having used each component of the kind and quantity shown in Table 3, it operated similarly to Example 1 and prepared the photoresist composition of each Example and the comparative example.
- Table 3 "-" for the [A] acid generator of Example 10 indicates that the [A] acid generator is incorporated as part of the [B] polymer.
- a lower antireflection film (ARC66, manufactured by Brewer Science) was coated on a 12-inch silicon wafer using a spin coater (CLEAN TRACK Lithius Pro i, manufactured by Tokyo Electron), and then heated at 205 ° C. for 60 seconds. A lower antireflection film having a thickness of 0.105 ⁇ m was formed. Next, using the spin coater, each photoresist composition was applied, subjected to PB at 90 ° C. for 60 seconds, and then cooled at 23 ° C. for 30 seconds to form a resist film having a thickness of 0.100 ⁇ m.
- the hole pattern formed is exposed to immersion water and has a diameter of 0.055 ⁇ m.
- the exposure amount that makes the hole size 0.110 ⁇ m is the optimum exposure amount
- the optimum exposure range when the diameter of the hole pattern to be formed is within ⁇ 10% of 0.055 ⁇ m
- the ratio to the exposure amount was defined as the exposure margin (EL) (%).
- the numerical values of EL are shown in Table 4. It can be evaluated that the larger the value of EL is, the smaller the change amount of the patterning performance with respect to the exposure amount change is better.
- the resist film is exposed using a mask pattern in which the target size of the hole pattern after reduced projection exposure is 0.051 ⁇ m, 0.053 ⁇ m, 0.057 ⁇ m, and 0.059 ⁇ m at the above optimal exposure amount, and the pitch is set to 0.
- a hole pattern of 110 ⁇ m was formed.
- the slope of the straight line when the target size ( ⁇ m) of the hole pattern after reduced projection exposure was plotted on the horizontal axis and the size ( ⁇ m) of the formed hole pattern was plotted on the vertical axis was determined as the MEEF performance.
- Table 4 shows the numerical values of MEEF performance.
- the MEEF performance indicates that the closer the value is to 1, the higher the mask reproducibility.
- the MEEF performance can be evaluated as “good” when the numerical value is 1.1 or more and less than 4.0, and “bad” when the numerical value is 4.0 or more.
- Resolution performance Using the mask pattern with a pattern pitch size of 0.104 ⁇ m after reduced projection exposure, perform the reduced projection exposure through immersion water, and measure the minimum hole size obtained when the exposure amount is increased. It was set as resolution performance. The resolution performance was evaluated as “A” (good) when 0.045 ⁇ m or less, and “B” (defective) when exceeding 0.045 ⁇ m.
- the resist pattern forming method and the photoresist composition of the present invention it is possible to form a resist pattern with high resolution while exhibiting excellent EL and MEEF. Therefore, according to the resist pattern forming method and the photoresist composition, the resist pattern forming method and the photoresist composition can be suitably used in the field of semiconductor processes that will be increasingly miniaturized in the future, and a finer resist pattern can be formed at a higher yield. it can.
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Description
フォトレジスト組成物でレジスト膜を形成する工程、
上記レジスト膜を露光する工程、及び
上記露光されたレジスト膜を現像する工程
を有し、
上記フォトレジスト組成物(以下、「フォトレジスト組成物(I)」ともいう)が、
露光光の照射によりプロトン酸を発生する酸発生体(以下、「[A]酸発生体」ともいう)、及び
プロトンと共にカチオン性基を形成する基(a)を含む構造単位(以下、「構造単位(I)」ともいう)を有し、酸解離性基を含む構造単位を実質的に有さない重合体(以下、「[B]重合体」ともいう)
を含有するレジストパターン形成方法である。
当該レジストパターン形成方法によれば、上記基(a)が上記特定の原子を含むことで、基(a)とプロトンとのカチオン性基形成能を向上させることができ、その結果、EL性能、MEEF性能及び解像性能を向上させることができる。
(式(1-1)~(1-4)中、Rα、Rβ及びRεは、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の1価の炭化水素基である。RDは、水素原子又は炭素数1~5の1価の鎖状炭化水素基である。REは、炭素数1~10の2価の鎖状炭化水素基である。RF1~RF4は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は炭素数1~5の1価の鎖状炭化水素基である。RGは、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の1価の有機基である。RHは、単結合又は炭素数1~10の2価の鎖状炭化水素基である。RIは、炭素数1~20の1価の有機基である。)
当該レジストパターン形成方法によれば、上記フォトレジスト組成物により、有機溶媒を含有する現像液を用いてネガ型のレジストパターンを形成させることで、溶解コントラストをより高めることができると考えられ、その結果、さらに優れたEL及びMEEFを発揮しつつ、さらに解像度の高いレジストパターンを形成させることができる。
当該レジストパターン形成方法によれば、現像液の有機溶媒として上記特定の溶媒を用いることで、溶解コントラストをさらに高めることができると考えられ、その結果、さらに優れたEL及びMEEFを発揮しつつ、さらに解像度の高いレジストパターンを形成することができる。
[A]酸発生体、及び[B]重合体を含有する。
当該レジストパターン形成方法は、
フォトレジスト組成物(I)でレジスト膜を形成する工程(以下、「レジスト膜形成工程」ともいう)、
上記レジスト膜を露光する工程(以下、「露光工程」ともいう)、及び
上記露光されたレジスト膜を現像する工程(以下、「現像工程」ともいう)
を有する。
当該レジストパターン形成方法によれば、特定のフォトレジスト組成物(I)を用いることで、優れたEL及びMEEFを発揮しつつ、解像度の高いレジストパターンを形成することができる。
当該レジストパターン形成方法によれば、フォトレジスト組成物(I)により、有機溶媒を含有する現像液を用いてネガ型のレジストパターンを形成させることで、溶解コントラストをより高めることができると考えられ、その結果、より優れたEL及びMEEFを発揮しつつ、より解像度の高いレジストパターンを形成させることができる。
以下、各工程及びフォトレジスト組成物(I)について説明する。
本工程では、フォトレジスト組成物(I)を用い、基板上にレジスト膜を形成する。基板としては、例えばシリコンウェハ、アルミニウムで被覆されたウェハ等の従来公知の基板を使用できる。また、例えば特公平6-12452号公報や特開昭59-93448号公報等に開示されている有機系又は無機系の反射防止膜を基板上に形成してもよい。
本工程では、レジスト膜形成工程で形成したレジスト膜を露光する。この露光は、レジスト膜の所望の領域に特定パターンのマスク及び必要に応じて液浸液を介して縮小投影することにより露光を行う。例えば、所望の領域にアイソラインパターンマスクを介して縮小投影露光を行うことにより、アイソトレンチパターンを形成できる。また、露光は所望のパターンとマスクパターンによって2回以上行ってもよい。2回以上露光を行う場合、露光は連続して行うことが好ましい。複数回露光する場合、例えば所望の領域にラインアンドスペースパターンマスクを介して第1の縮小投影露光を行い、続けて第1の露光を行った露光部に対してラインが交差するように第2の縮小投影露光を行う。第1の露光部と第2の露光部とは直交することが好ましい。直交することにより、露光部で囲まれた未露光部において真円状のコンタクトホールパターンが形成しやすくなる。なお、露光の際に用いられる液浸液としては水やフッ素系不活性液体等が挙げられる。液浸液は、露光波長に対して透明であり、かつ膜上に投影される光学像の歪みを最小限に留めるよう屈折率の温度係数ができる限り小さい液体が好ましいが、特に露光光源がArFエキシマレーザー光(波長193nm)である場合、上述の観点に加えて、入手の容易さ、取り扱いのし易さの観点から水が好ましく、蒸留水がより好ましい。水を用いる場合、水の表面張力を減少させるとともに、界面活性力を増大させる添加剤を僅かな割合で添加しても良い。この添加剤は、ウェハ上のレジスト膜を溶解させず、かつレンズの下面の光学コートに対する影響が無視できるものが好ましい。
本工程では、露光工程で露光されたレジスト膜を現像液を用いて現像し、レジストパターンを形成する。
上記水系の現像液としては、例えば、水、塩化ナトリウム等の無機塩、4級アンモニウム塩等の有機塩等を溶解させた水溶液などが挙げられる。上記水溶液の濃度は、10質量%以下であることが好ましい。アルカリ性水溶液の濃度が10質量%を超えると、露光部も現像液に溶解し難くなる場合がある。上記水系の現像液には、有機溶媒を添加することもできる。
当該レジストパターン形成方法に用いられるフォトレジスト組成物(I)は、[A]酸発生体及び[B]重合体を含有する。フォトレジスト組成物(I)は、[C]フッ素原子含有重合体及び[D]溶媒を含有することが好ましく、また、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲において、その他の成分を含有してもよい。
以下、各成分について説明する。
[A]酸発生体は、露光光の照射によりプロトン酸を発生する物質である。この発生したプロトンが、後述する[B]重合体の基(a)と共にカチオン性基を形成することにより、露光部において[B]重合体とプロトン酸との塩が形成される。その結果、露光部と未露光部とで現像液への溶解性に差が生じ、高い溶解コントラストが発揮される。[A]酸発生体の含有形態としては、後述するような化合物の形態(以下、適宜「[A]酸発生剤」ともいう)でも、[B]重合体等の重合体の一部として組み込まれた形態でも、これらの両方の形態でもよい。
[B]重合体は、構造単位(I)を有し、酸解離性基を含む構造単位を実質的に有さない重合体である。[B]重合体の構造単位(I)の基(a)が、上記[A]酸発生体から発生したプロトンと共にカチオン性基を形成し、その結果、露光部において[B]重合体とプロトン酸との塩が形成されることにより、露光部及び未露光部間に高い溶解コントラストが生じる。
構造単位(I)は、プロトンと共にカチオン性基を形成する基(a)を含む構造単位である。
メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、i-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、t-ブチル基等のアルキル基;
エテニル基、プロペニル基、ブテニル基、ペンテニル基等のアルケニル基;
エチニル基、プロピニル基、ブチニル基等のアルキニル基などが挙げられる。
シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、ノルボルニル基、アダマンチル基等のシクロアルキル基;
シクロペンテニル基、シクロヘキセニル基、ノルボルネニル基等のシクロアルケニル基などが挙げられる。
フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、ナフチル基、アントリル基等のアリール基;
ベンジル基、フェネチル基、ナフチル基等のアラルキル基などが挙げられる。
Zが窒素原子である場合として、アザシクロペンタン構造、アザシクロヘキサン構造、アザシクロオクタン構造等のアザシクロアルカン構造、プロピオラクラム構造、ブチロラクタム構造、バレロラクタム構造等のラクタム構造などが挙げられ、
Zがリン原子である場合として、ホスファシクロペンタン構造、ホスファシクロヘキサン構造、ホスファシクロオクタン構造のホスファシクロアルカン構造などが挙げられる。
Zが窒素原子の場合として、アザシクロペンタジエニル基、1,2-ジアザシクロペンタジエニル基、1,3-ジアザシクロペンタジエニル基、アザフェニル基、1,2-ジアザフェニル基、1,3-ジアザフェニル基、1,4-ジアザフェニル基等が、
Zがリン原子の場合として、ホスファシクロペンタジエニル基、1,2-ジホスファシクロペンタジエニル基、1,3-ジホスファシクロペンタジエニル基、1,4-ジホスファシクロペンタジエニル基、ホスファフェニル基、1,2-ジホスファフェニル基、1,3-ジホスファフェニル基、1,4-ジホスファフェニル基等が挙げられる。
基(a-2)としては、イミノ基(-NH-)、アルキルイミノ基が好ましく、アルキルイミノ基がより好ましく、メチルイミノ基がさらに好ましい。
Zが窒素原子の場合、アザシクロペンタン構造、アザシクロヘキサン構造、アザシクロヘプタン構造、アザシクロオクタン構造等のアザシクロアルカン構造;
Zがリン原子の場合、ホスファシクロペンタン構造、ホスファシクロヘキサン構造、ホスファシクロヘプタン構造、ホスファシクロオクタン構造等のホスファシクロアルカン構造などが挙げられる。
これらの中で、アザシクロアルカン構造が好ましく、アザシクロヘキサン構造がより好ましい。
2価の基(nが1)として、炭素数1~5のアルカンジイル基、炭素数2~6のアルカンジイルオキシカルボニル基が好ましく、炭素数1~5のアルカンジイル基がより好ましく、エタンジイル基がさらに好ましい。
3価の基(nが2)として、炭素数3~12のアルカントリイル基が好ましく、2,6-ジメチルヘプタン-2,4,6-トリイル基、ペンタン-1,3,5-トリイル基が好ましく、2,6-ジメチルヘプタン-2,4,6-トリイル基がさらに好ましい。
4価の基(nが3)として、炭素数4~15のアルカンテトライル基が好ましく、3-エチルペンタン-1,3,5,7-テトライル基がより好ましい。
上記X2及びY2の組み合わせとしては、X2が-CO-かつY2が単結合、X2が-COO-かつY2が鎖状炭化水素基が好ましく、X2が-COかつY2が単結合、X2が-COO-かつY2がアルカンジイル基又はアルカントリイル基がより好ましく、X2が-COO-かつY2がエタンジイル基又は2,6-ジメチルヘプタン-2,4,6-トリイル基がさらに好ましい。
メチル基、エチル基、直鎖状又は分岐状のプロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基等のアルキル基;
エテニル基、直鎖状又は分岐状のプロペニル基、ブテニル基、ペンテニル基等のアルケニル基;
エチニル基、プロピニル基、直鎖状又は分岐状のブチニル基、ペンチニル基等のアルキニル基などが挙げられる。
上記RE及びRHで表される炭素数1~10の2価の鎖状炭化水素基としては、例えば
メタンジイル基、エタンジイル基、プロパンジイル基、ブタンジイル基等のアルカンジイル基;
エテンジイル基、プロペンジイル基、ブテンジイル基等のアルケンジイル基;
エチンジイル基、プロペンジイル基、ブチンジイル基等のアルキンジイル基などが挙げられる。
RG及びRIで表される炭素数1~20の1価の有機基としては、例えば、上記式(a-1)~(a-3)のR、R’及びR”で表される1価の有機基と同様の基等が挙げられる。
構造単位(II)は、上記式(2)で表される構造単位である。フォトレジスト組成物(I)は、[B]重合体は、構造単位(II)をさらに有することで、物性、現像液に対する溶解性等の物性をを調整することができ、その結果、当該レジストパターン形成方法で形成されるレジストパターンのEL性能、MEEF及び解像性能を向上させることができる。
シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロオクチル基、シクロデシル基、シクロドデシル基等の単環の脂環式炭化水素基;
ノルボルニル基、アダマンチル基、トリシクロデシル基、テトラシクロドデシル基等の多環の脂環式炭化水素基などが挙げられる。
構造単位(III)は、ラクトン構造、環状カーボネート構造及びスルトン構造からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の構造を有する構造単位である。[B]重合体は、構造単位(III)をさらに有することで、極性、現像液への溶解性等の物性を調整することができ、その結果、フォトレジスト組成物(I)から形成されるレジストパターンのEL性能、MEEF性能及び解像性能を向上させることができる。また、形成されるレジスト膜と基板との密着性を向上させることができる。ここで、ラクトン構造とは、-O-C(O)-で表される結合を含む1つの環(ラクトン環)を含有する構造を示す。環状カーボネート構造とは、-O-C(O)-O-で表される結合を含む1つの環(環状カーボネート環)を含有する構造を示す。スルトン構造とは、-O-S(O)2-で表される結合を含む1つの環(スルトン環)を含有する構造を示す。
[B]重合体は、例えば所定の各構造単位に対応する単量体を、ラジカル重合開始剤を使用し、適当な溶媒中で重合することにより合成することができる。
n-ペンタン、n-ヘキサン、n-ヘプタン、n-オクタン、n-ノナン、n-デカン等のアルカン類;
シクロヘキサン、シクロヘプタン、シクロオクタン、デカリン、ノルボルナン等のシクロアルカン類;
ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼン、クメン等の芳香族炭化水素類;
クロロブタン類、ブロモヘキサン類、ジクロロエタン類、ヘキサメチレンジブロミド、クロロベンゼン等のハロゲン化炭化水素類;
酢酸エチル、酢酸n-ブチル、酢酸i-ブチル、プロピオン酸メチル等の飽和カルボン酸エステル類;
アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、4-メチル-2-ペンタノン、2-ヘプタノン等のケトン類;
テトラヒドロフラン、ジメトキシエタン類、ジエトキシエタン類等のエーテル類;
メタノール、エタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、4-メチル-2-ペンタノール等のアルコール類等が挙げられる。これらの溶媒は、1種単独で又は2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
フォトレジスト組成物(I)は、フッ素原子含有重合体(但し、[B]重合体に該当するものを除く)を含有していてもよい。フォトレジスト組成物(I)が、[C]フッ素原子含有重合体を含有することで、レジスト膜を形成した際に、[C]フッ素原子含有重合体の撥油性的特徴により、その分布がレジスト膜表層に偏在化する傾向があるため、液浸露光の際において、レジスト膜中の酸発生剤や酸拡散制御剤等の液浸媒体への溶出を抑制することができる。また、この[C]フッ素原子含有重合体の撥水性的特徴により、レジスト膜と液浸媒体との前進接触角が所望の範囲に制御でき、バブル欠陥の発生を抑制できる。さらに、レジスト膜と液浸媒体との後退接触角を高くすることができ、その結果、水滴を残さず、高速でのスキャン露光が可能となる。このようにフォトレジスト組成物(I)が[C]フッ素原子含有重合体を含有することにより、液浸露光法に好適なレジスト膜を形成することができる。
[C]フッ素原子含有重合体は、例えば所定の各構造単位を与える単量体を、ラジカル重合開始剤を使用し、適当な溶媒中で重合することにより合成することができる。[C]フッ素原子含有重合体の合成方法としては、上記[B]重合体と同様の方法等が挙げられる。
フォトレジスト組成物(I)は、通常、[D]溶媒を含有する。[D]溶媒は少なくとも上記[A]酸発生体、[B]重合体及び必要に応じて加えられる[C]フッ素原子含有重合体等の成分を溶解又は分散できれば特に限定されない。
メタノール、エタノール、n-プロパノール、iso-プロパノール、n-ブタノール、iso-ブタノール、sec-ブタノール、tert-ブタノール、n-ペンタノール、iso-ペンタノール、2-メチルブタノール、sec-ペンタノール、tert-ペンタノール、3-メトキシブタノール、n-ヘキサノール、2-メチルペンタノール、sec-ヘキサノール、2-エチルブタノール、sec-ヘプタノール、3-ヘプタノール、n-オクタノール、2-エチルヘキサノール、sec-オクタノール、n-ノニルアルコール、2,6-ジメチル-4-ヘプタノール、n-デカノール、sec-ウンデシルアルコール、トリメチルノニルアルコール、sec-テトラデシルアルコール、sec-ヘプタデシルアルコール、フルフリルアルコール、フェノール、シクロヘキサノール、メチルシクロヘキサノール、3,3,5-トリメチルシクロヘキサノール、ベンジルアルコール、ジアセトンアルコール等のモノアルコール系溶媒;
エチレングリコール、1,2-プロピレングリコール、1,3-ブチレングリコール、2,4-ペンタンジオール、2-メチル-2,4-ペンタンジオール、2,5-ヘキサンジオール、2,4-ヘプタンジオール、2-エチル-1,3-ヘキサンジオール、ジエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコール等の多価アルコール系溶媒;
エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノヘキシルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノフェニルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノ-2-エチルブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノヘキシルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル等の多価アルコール部分エーテル系溶媒などが挙げられる。
ジエチルエーテル、ジプロピルエーテル、ジブチルエーテル等のジアルキルエーテル系溶媒;
アニソール(メチルフェニルエーテル)、エチルフェニルエーテル等のアルキルアリールエーテル系溶媒;
ジフェニルエーテル等のジアリールエーテル系溶媒などが挙げられる。
アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチル-n-プロピルケトン、メチル-n-ブチルケトン、ジエチルケトン、メチル-iso-ブチルケトン、メチル-n-ペンチルケトン、エチル-n-ブチルケトン、メチル-n-ヘキシルケトン、ジ-iso-ブチルケトン、トリメチルノナノン等の鎖状ケトン系溶媒;
シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン、シクロヘプタノン、シクロオクタノン、メチルシクロヘキサノン等の環状ケトン系溶媒;
2,4-ペンタンジオン、アセトニルアセトン、アセトフェノン等が挙げられる。
酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸n-プロピル、酢酸iso-プロピル、酢酸n-ブチル、酢酸iso-ブチル、酢酸sec-ブチル、酢酸n-ペンチル、酢酸i-ペンチル、酢酸sec-ペンチル、酢酸3-メトキシブチル、酢酸メチルペンチル、酢酸2-エチルブチル、酢酸2-エチルヘキシル、酢酸ベンジル、酢酸シクロヘキシル、酢酸メチルシクロヘキシル、酢酸n-ノニル、アセト酢酸メチル、アセト酢酸エチル、ジ酢酸グリコール、酢酸メトキシトリグリコール等の酢酸エステル系溶媒;
酢酸エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、酢酸ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、酢酸ジエチレングリコールモノ-n-ブチルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、酢酸ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、酢酸ジプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル等の多価アルコール部分エーテルの酢酸エステル系溶媒;
プロピオン酸エチル、プロピオン酸n-ブチル、プロピオン酸iso-アミル、シュウ酸ジエチル、シュウ酸ジ-n-ブチル、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸n-ブチル、乳酸n-アミル、マロン酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジメチル、フタル酸ジエチル等の酢酸以外の酸のエステル系溶媒;
γ-ブチロラクトン、γ-バレロラクトン等のラクトン系溶媒;
ジエチルカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネート等のカーボネート系溶媒などが挙げられる。
n-ペンタン、i-ペンタン、n-ヘキサン、i-ヘキサン、n-ヘプタン、i-ヘプタン、2,2,4-トリメチルペンタン、n-オクタン、i-オクタン等の鎖状炭化水素系溶媒;
シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサン等の脂環式炭化水素系溶媒;
ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、メシチレン、エチルベンゼン、トリメチルベンゼン、メチルエチルベンゼン、n-プロピルベンゼン、i-プロピルベンゼン、ジエチルベンゼン、iso-ブチルベンゼン、トリエチルベンゼン、ジi-プロピルベンセン、n-アミルナフタレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶媒などが挙げられる。
フォトレジスト組成物(I)は、上記[A]~[D]成分以外にも、酸増殖体、極性基含有脂環式構造化合物、酸拡散制御剤、界面活性剤、増感剤等のその他の成分を含有してもよい。フォトレジスト組成物(I)は、その他の任意成分をそれぞれ1種又は2種以上含んでいてもよい。
酸増殖体は、酸の不存在下では安定であるが、酸の存在下では、この酸の触媒反応によって分解してプロトン酸を生成する成分であり、生成したプロトン酸の量の増大に伴い分解反応が加速されるので、プロトン酸を増殖生成させることができる。フォトレジスト組成物(I)に酸増殖体を含有させることで、例えば、露光の際に[A]酸発生体から発生するプロトン酸よりも多量のプロトン酸を生成させることができる。その結果、[B]重合体の基(a)からより多くのカチオン性基を形成させることができ、露光部と未露光部との間の溶解コントラストを向上させることができ、結果として、当該レジストパターン形成方法で形成されるレジストパターンのEL性能、MEEF性能及び解像性能を向上させることができると考えられる。酸増殖体の含有形態としては、後述するような化合物の形態(以下、適宜「酸増殖剤」ともいう)でも、重合体の一部として組み込まれた形態でも、これらの両方の形態でもよい。
極性基含有脂環式構造化合物は、カルボキシ基、酸の作用によりカルボキシ基を生じる基及びラクトン構造を有する基からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の基と脂環式構造とを有し、かつ分子量が1,000以下である化合物である。極性基含有脂環式構造化合物は、フォトレジスト組成物(I)から形成されるレジストパターンの表層ラフネスを抑制し、また、ホールパターンにおける円形性、感度等のリソグラフィー特性を向上させる効果を奏する。この効果は、有機溶媒を含有する現像液を用いるネガ型のレジストパターン形成の場合に、より効果的に発揮される。
1-アダマンタンカルボン酸等のカルボキシ基を含むアダマンタン誘導体;
2,5-ビス(1-アダマンチルカルボニルオキシ)-2,5-ジメチルヘキサン等の酸の作用によりカルボキシ基を生じる基を含むアダマンタン誘導体;
2-ヒドロキシ-6-メトキシカルボニルノルボルナンラクトン等の酸の作用によりカルボキシ基を生じる基を含むノルボルナン誘導体;
3,12-ジヒドロキシコラン酸t-ブトキシカルボニルメチル、3-ヒドロキシコラン酸t-ブトキシカルボニルメチル等の酸の作用によりカルボキシ基を生じる基を含むステロイド誘導体などが挙げられる。
フォトレジスト組成物(I)においては、[B]重合体がプロトンと共にカチオン性基を形成する基(a)を有し、[A]酸発生体から生じる酸の拡散を制御する役割を発揮することができると考えられるので、必ずしも必要ないと思われるが、必要に応じて、酸拡散制御剤を含有させることができる。
モノ(シクロ)アルキルアミン類、ジ(シクロ)アルキルアミン類、トリ(シクロ)アルキルアミン類、アルキルアニリン類、ジアミン類、トリアミン類等のアミン化合物;
N-t-アルキルオキシカルボニル基含有アミノ化合物、アミド類等のアミド基含有化合物;
尿素、メチルウレア等のウレア化合物;
イミダゾール類、ピリジン類、ピペラジン類等の含窒素複素環化合物;
例えば、下記式(F1)又は下記式(F2)で表されるオニウム塩化合物等からなる光崩壊性塩基などが挙げられる。
界面活性剤は、フォトレジスト組成物(I)の塗布性、ストリエーション、現像性等を改良する効果を奏する。界面活性剤としては、例えばポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンn-オクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンn-ノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジラウレート、ポリエチレングリコールジステアレート等のノニオン系界面活性剤等が挙げられる。市販品としては、KP341(信越化学工業製)、ポリフローNo.75、同No.95(以上、共栄社化学製)、エフトップEF301、同EF303、同EF352(以上、トーケムプロダクツ製)、メガファックF171、同F173(以上、大日本インキ化学工業製)、フロラードFC430、同FC431(以上、住友スリーエム製)、アサヒガードAG710、サーフロンS-382、同SC-101、同SC-102、同SC-103、同SC-104、同SC-105、同SC-106(以上、旭硝子工業製)等が挙げられる。
増感剤は、[A]酸発生体から発生する酸の生成量を増加する作用を示すものであり、フォトレジスト組成物(I)の「みかけの感度」を向上させる効果を奏する。
フォトレジスト組成物(I)は、例えば、[A]酸発生体、[B]重合体、[C]フッ素原子含有重合体、その他の任意成分及び[D]溶媒を所定の割合で混合することにより調製することができる。得られた混合液は、例えば、孔径0.2μm程度のフィルター等でろ過することが好ましい。フォトレジスト組成物(I)の全固形分濃度としては、0.1質量%~50質量%が好ましく、0.5質量%~25質量%がより好ましく、1質量%~10質量%がさらに好ましい。
重合体の13C-NMR分析は、核磁気共鳴装置(JNM-EX270、日本電子製)を使用して行った。
[C]フッ素原子含有重合体のMw及びMnは、GPCカラム(東ソー製、G2000HXL 2本、G3000HXL 1本、G4000HXL 1本)を用い、流量1.0ミリリットル/分、溶出溶媒テトラヒドロフラン、カラム温度40℃の分析条件で、単分散ポリスチレンを標準とするGPCにより測定した。
[B]重合体の合成に使用した単量体について下記に示す。
[合成例1]
単量体(M-1)4.75g(25モル%)、単量体(M-8)15.25g(75モル%)を2-ブタノン40gに溶解し、さらに重合開始剤としてのAIBN0.40g(単量体の総モル数に対して2モル%)を溶解させた溶液を調製した。次に20gの2-ブタノンを投入した200mLの三口フラスコを30分窒素パージした後、反応釜を攪拌しながら80℃に加熱し、上記調製した単量体溶液を、滴下漏斗を用いて3時間かけて滴下した。滴下開始を重合開始時間とし、重合反応を6時間実施した。重合終了後、重合反応溶液を水冷して30℃以下に冷却し、400gのメタノールへ投入して、析出した白色粉末を濾別した。濾別した白色粉末を80gずつのメタノールを用いてスラリー状にして洗浄することを2回行った後、再度濾別し、50℃にて17時間乾燥し、白色粉末の重合体(B-1)を得た。13C-NMR分析の結果、単量体(M-1)に由来する構造単位:単量体(M-8)に由来する構造単位の各含有割合は27モル%:73モル%であった。
合成例1において、下記表1に示す種類及び使用量(モル%)の各単量体を用いた以外は、合成例1と同様に操作して、重合体(B-2)~(B-11)並びに(b-1)及び(b-2)を合成した。各重合体の各構造単位含有割合(モル%)の値を表1に合わせて示す。
[C]フッ素原子含有重合体の合成に用いた単量体について下記に示す。
単量体(M-13)35.8g(70モル%)及び単量体(M-14)14.2g(30モル%)を2-ブタノン100gに溶解し、さらに重合開始剤としてのジメチル-2.2’-アゾビスイソブチレート5.17gを溶解させた溶液を調製した。次に50gの2-ブタノンを投入した500mLの三口フラスコを30分窒素パージした後、反応釜を攪拌しながら80℃に加熱し、上記調製した単量体溶液を滴下漏斗を用いて3時間かけて滴下した。滴下開始を重合開始時間とし、重合反応を6時間実施した。重合終了後、重合反応溶液を水冷し30℃以下に冷却してから、2L分液漏斗に移液した後、150gのn-ヘキサンで重合反応溶液を均一に希釈し、600gのメタノールを投入して混合した。次いで、30gの蒸留水を投入し、さらに攪拌して30分静置した。その後、回収した下層に、酢酸プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル117gを加えて、重合体(C-1)の30質量%溶液を得た。重合体(C-1)のMwは、7,000であり、Mw/Mn=1.60であった。13C-NMR分析の結果、単量体(M-13)に由来する構造単位:単量体(M-14)に由来する構造単位の各含有割合は、73モル%:27モル%であった。
フォトレジスト組成物の調製に用いた[A]酸発生剤及び[D]溶媒について以下に示す。
A-1:トリフェニルスルホニウム6-(アダマンタン-1-イルカルボニルオキシ)-1,1,2,2-テトラフルオロ-n-ヘキサンスルホネート(下記式(A-1)で表される化合物)
A-2:トリフェニルスルホニウム2-(ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプト-2-イル)-1,1-ジフルオロエタンスルホネート(下記式(A-2)で表される化合物)
A-3:4-シクロヘキシルフェニルジフェニルスルホニウムノナフルオロブタンスルホネート(下記式(A-3)で表される化合物)
A-4:トリフェニルスルホニウムノナフルオロブタンスルホネート(下記式(A-4)で表される化合物)
A-5:トリフェニルスルホニウム2-(アダマンタン-1-イルカルボニルオキシ)-1,1,3,3,3-ペンタフルオロプロパンスルホネート(下記式(A-5)で表される化合物)
D-1:酢酸プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル
D-2:シクロヘキサノン
D-3:γ-ブチロラクトン
[A]酸発生剤としての(A-1)10.8質量部、[B]重合体としての(B-1)100質量部、[C]重合体としての(C-1)3質量部、並びに[D]溶媒としての(D-1)1,972質量部、(D-2)845質量部及び(D-3)30質量部を混合し、各成分を混合して均一溶液とした。その後、この均一溶液を、孔径0.2μmのメンブランフィルターを用いてろ過することにより、フォトレジスト組成物を調製した。
表3に示す種類、量の各成分を使用した以外は実施例1と同様に操作して、各実施例及び比較例のフォトレジスト組成物を調製した。表3中、実施例10の[A]酸発生剤についての「-」は、[A]酸発生剤が[B]重合体の一部として組み込まれた形態であることを示す。
12インチシリコンウェハ上に、下層反射防止膜(ARC66、ブルワーサイエンス製)をスピンコーター(CLEAN TRACK Lithius Pro i、東京エレクトロン製)を使用して塗布した後、205℃で60秒間加熱することにより膜厚0.105μmの下層反射防止膜を形成した。次いで、上記スピンコーターを使用して、各フォトレジスト組成物を塗布し、90℃で60秒間PBを行った後23℃で30秒間冷却することにより膜厚0.100μmのレジスト膜を形成した。次いで、ArF液浸露光装置(NSR-S610C、ニコン精機カンパニー製)を使用し、NA=1.3、クアドロポールの光学条件にて、ベストフォーカスの条件で露光した。露光は1/4倍投影で行い、レチクル上のサイズは0.220μmクロム/0.440μmピッチで、マスクバイアスは0nmであった。その後、上記スピンコーターが有するホットプレートにて表4に示すPEB温度で60秒間PEBを行い、次いで23℃で30秒間冷却した。その後、表4に示す現像液にて30秒間パドル現像を行い、4-メチル-2-ペンタノールで7秒間リンスを行った。それから、2,000rpm、15秒間振り切りでスピンドライすることにより、0.055μmホール/0.110μmピッチのレジストパターンを形成した。
上記各実施例及び比較例のフォトレジスト組成物を用い、下記表4に示す現像液を用いて形成したレジストパターンについて、下記方法に従い、以下の評価を行った。評価結果を表4に合わせて示す。
縮小投影露光後のホールパターンの直径が0.055μm、ピッチが0.110μmとなるように、ドットパターンを有するマスクを用い、液浸水を介して露光し、形成されるホールパターンが直径0.055μm、ピッチが0.110μmのホールサイズとなるような露光量を最適露光量とした場合、形成されるホールパターンの直径が0.055μmの±10%以内となる場合の露光量の範囲の、最適露光量に対する割合を露光余裕度(EL)(%)とした。ELの数値を表4に示す。ELの値が大きいほど、露光量変化に対するパターニング性能の変化量が小さく良好であると評価できる。
上記最適露光量において、縮小投影露光後のホールパターンのターゲットサイズが0.051μm、0.053μm、0.057μm、0.059μmとするマスクパターンを用いて、レジスト膜を露光し、ピッチが0.110μmとなるホールパターンを形成した。縮小投影露光後のホールパターンのターゲットサイズ(μm)を横軸に、形成されたホールパターンのサイズ(μm)を縦軸にプロットした時の直線の傾きを求め、この値をMEEF性能とした。MEEF性能の数値を表4に示す。MEEF性能は、その値が1に近いほどマスク再現性が高いことを示す。MEEF性能は、その数値が1.1以上4.0未満の場合は「良好」と、4.0以上の場合は「不良」と評価できる。
縮小投影露光後のパターンのピッチサイズが0.104μmになるマスクパターンを用いて、液浸水を介して縮小投影露光し、露光量を大きくしていった際に得られるホールの最小寸法を測定し、解像性能とした。解像性能は、0.045μm以下の場合は「A」(良好)と、0.045μmを超える場合は「B」(不良)と評価した。
Claims (11)
- フォトレジスト組成物でレジスト膜を形成する工程、
上記レジスト膜を露光する工程、及び
上記露光されたレジスト膜を現像する工程
を有し、
上記フォトレジスト組成物が、
露光光の照射によりプロトン酸を発生する酸発生体、及び
プロトンと共にカチオン性基を形成する基(a)を含む構造単位を有し、酸解離性基を含む構造単位を実質的に有さない重合体
を含有するレジストパターン形成方法。 - 上記基(a)が、非共有電子対を有する窒素原子及び非共有電子対を有するリン原子からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む請求項1に記載のレジストパターン形成方法。
- 上記式(a-1)で表される基が下記式(a-1-1)~(a-1-6)で表される基からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であり、上記式(a-2)で表される基が下記式(a-2-1)で表される基である請求項3に記載のレジストパターン形成方法。
(式(a-1-1)~(a-1-6)及び(a-2-1)中、Zは、それぞれ独立して、窒素原子又はリン原子である。Rα、Rβ、Rα1~Rα3及びRεは、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の1価の炭化水素基である。Rα4は、炭素数1~20の1価の炭化水素基である。Rγは、炭素数1~20の2価の炭化水素基又は炭素数1~20の2価のオキシ炭化水素基である。Rδは、置換基を有していてもよいZ原子を含む炭素数3~20の1価の芳香族複素環基である。上記式(a-1-1)におけるRαとRβ、式(a-1-2)におけるRα1とRβ、又は式(a-1-4)におけるRα2とRα3が互いに結合して環構造を形成してもよい。) - 上記構造単位が下記式(1)で表される請求項1に記載のレジストパターン形成方法。
(式(1)中、X1及びX2は、それぞれ独立して、単結合、-O-、-C(O)-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)O-、-C(O)OC(O)-、-C(O)NH-、-OC(O)NH-又は-SO3-である。Y1及びY2は、それぞれ独立して、単結合又は-RC(RX)((L)p-*)nで表される(n+1)価の基である。但し、RCは、炭素数1~15の(n+2)価の鎖状炭化水素基である。RXは、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の1価の有機基である。Lは、-O-、-C(O)-、-C(O)O-、-OC(O)O-、-C(O)OC(O)-、-C(O)NH-、-OC(O)NH-又は-SO3-である。nは、1~3である。pは、0又は1である。nが2又は3の場合、複数のpは同一でも異なっていてもよい。Lが複数の場合、複数のLは同一でも異なっていてもよい。*は、RA又はRBに結合する部位を示す。RA及びRBは、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又はn価の基(a)である。但し、X1、Y1、X2及びY2が全て単結合である場合はない。RA及びRBの少なくともいずれかはn価の基(a)である。) - 上記構造単位が、下記式(1-1)~(1-4)で表される構造単位からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項5に記載のレジストパターン形成方法。
(式(1-1)~(1-4)中、Rα、Rβ及びRεは、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の1価の炭化水素基である。RDは、水素原子又は炭素数1~5の1価の鎖状炭化水素基である。REは、炭素数1~10の2価の鎖状炭化水素基である。RF1~RF4は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は炭素数1~5の1価の鎖状炭化水素基である。RGは、水素原子又は炭素数1~20の1価の有機基である。RHは、単結合又は炭素数1~10の2価の鎖状炭化水素基である。RIは、炭素数1~20の1価の有機基である。) - 上記現像工程で用いる現像液が有機溶媒を含有し、ネガ型のレジストパターンを形成する請求項1に記載のレジストパターン形成方法。
- 上記有機溶媒が、アルコール系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒、アミド系溶媒、エステル系溶媒及び炭化水素系溶媒からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項8に記載のレジストパターン形成方法。
- 露光光の照射によりプロトン酸を発生する酸発生体、及び
プロトンと共にカチオン性基を形成する基(a)を含む構造単位を有し、酸解離性基を含む構造単位を実質的に有さない重合体
を含有するフォトレジスト組成物。 - 有機溶媒を含有する現像液を用いるネガ型レジストパターン形成用である請求項10に記載のフォトレジスト組成物。
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| JP2022111987A (ja) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-08-01 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | ポジ型レジスト材料及びパターン形成方法 |
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| JP2009237170A (ja) * | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-15 | Fujifilm Corp | ネガ型レジスト組成物及びそれを用いたレジストパターン形成方法 |
| JP2011141494A (ja) * | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-21 | Fujifilm Corp | パターン形成方法、化学増幅型レジスト組成物及びレジスト膜 |
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| JP2014032407A (ja) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-20 | Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials Llc | フォトレジスト組成物およびフォトリソグラフィパターンを形成する方法 |
| KR20170000777A (ko) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-03 | 도쿄 오카 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 패턴 형성 방법 |
| JP2017009868A (ja) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-12 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | パターン形成方法 |
| KR102586524B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-24 | 2023-10-11 | 도쿄 오카 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 패턴 형성 방법 |
| JP2017146521A (ja) * | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-24 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | ポジ型レジスト材料、及びパターン形成方法 |
| KR20170098186A (ko) | 2016-02-19 | 2017-08-29 | 신에쓰 가가꾸 고교 가부시끼가이샤 | 포지티브형 레지스트 재료 및 패턴 형성 방법 |
| US10012902B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2018-07-03 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Positive resist composition and pattern forming process |
| JP2022111987A (ja) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-08-01 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | ポジ型レジスト材料及びパターン形成方法 |
| JP7626044B2 (ja) | 2021-01-20 | 2025-02-04 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | ポジ型レジスト材料及びパターン形成方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102025782B1 (ko) | 2019-09-26 |
| JP6123793B2 (ja) | 2017-05-10 |
| US9594303B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 |
| TWI625596B (zh) | 2018-06-01 |
| TW201344364A (zh) | 2013-11-01 |
| KR20140135985A (ko) | 2014-11-27 |
| US20150010866A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 |
| JPWO2013141222A1 (ja) | 2015-08-03 |
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