WO2013099319A1 - 脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-strength thick steel plate and a manufacturing method thereof excellent in brittle crack propagation arresting characteristics and particularly for a ship. It relates to a thickness of 50 mm or more.
- Ni steel As a means of improving the brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics of steel materials, a method of increasing the Ni content has been conventionally known, and in a liquefied natural gas (Liquid Natural Gas) storage tank, 9% Ni steel is on a commercial scale. in use.
- Liquid Natural Gas Liquid Natural Gas
- TMCP Thermo-Mechanical Control
- TMCP Thermo-Mechanical Control
- Patent Document 1 proposes a steel material in which the structure of the surface layer portion is ultrafinely refined in order to improve brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics without increasing the alloy cost.
- the steel material having excellent brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics described in Patent Document 1 is effective in improving the brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics due to shear lip (plastic deformation region shear-lips) generated in the steel surface layer when the brittle crack propagates.
- shear lip plastic deformation region shear-lips
- it is characterized in that the propagation energy possessed by the propagating brittle crack is absorbed by refining the crystal grains of the shear lip portion.
- the surface layer portion is cooled to below A r3 transformation point (transformation point) by controlled cooling after hot rolling, then controlled cooling (Controlled Cooling)
- the Stop recuperator the surface layer portion to the transformation point or higher (Recuperate ) Is repeated one or more times, and during this time, the steel material is subjected to reduction, and repeatedly transformed or processed and recrystallized, so that a superfine ferrite structure or bainite structure is formed on the surface layer portion. Is described.
- both surface portions of the steel material have an equivalent circular particle diameter (cycle-equalent average grain). size): 5 ⁇ m or less, aspect ratio (aspect ratio of the grains): a layer having a ferrite structure having 50% or more of ferrite grains having two or more ferrite grains, and it is important to suppress variations in the ferrite grain size, and to suppress variations
- a maximum rolling reduction per pass during finish rolling is set to 12% or less to suppress a local recrystallization phenomenon.
- the steel materials excellent in brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are obtained by recooling only the steel surface layer part and then recovering the heat, and by applying processing during the recuperation, a specific structure is obtained.
- control is not easy, and in particular, a thick material with a plate thickness exceeding 50 mm is a process with a heavy load on the rolling and cooling equipment.
- Patent Document 3 attention is paid not only to the refinement of ferrite crystal grains but also to subgrains formed in ferrite crystal grains, and a technique on the extension of TMCP that improves brittle crack propagation stop characteristics. Is described.
- the (110) plane X-ray intensity ratio in the (110) plane showing a texture developing degree) is set to 2 or more by controlled rolling, and the equivalent diameter of the circle (diameter equivalent).
- the equivalent diameter of the circle is improved by making coarse particles of 20 ⁇ m or more 10% or less.
- Patent Document 5 is characterized in that, as a welded structural steel having excellent brittle crack propagation stopping performance in a joint part, the (100) plane X-ray plane strength ratio in the rolled surface inside the plate thickness is 1.5 or more.
- a steel sheet is disclosed. It is described that it has excellent brittle crack propagation stoppage properties due to the difference in angle between the stress loading direction and the crack propagation direction due to the texture development.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-100814 JP 2002-256375 A Japanese Patent No. 3467767 Japanese Patent No. 3548349 Japanese Patent No. 2659661
- Kca Kca ( ⁇ 10 ° C.)
- the value of Kca at the use temperature of ⁇ 10 ° C. (hereinafter also referred to as Kca ( ⁇ 10 ° C.)) is less than 3000 N / mm 3/2 .
- the results are shown, and it is suggested that in the case of a hull structure to which a steel plate having a thickness exceeding 50 mm is applied, ensuring safety is an issue.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 The steel sheets having excellent brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics described in Patent Documents 1 to 5 described above are mainly targeted for production conditions and disclosed experimental data up to a plate thickness of about 50 mm. When it is applied to thick materials exceeding 50 mm, it is unclear whether a predetermined characteristic can be obtained, and the characteristics against crack propagation in the plate thickness direction necessary for the hull structure have not been verified at all.
- the present invention provides a high-strength thick steel plate having excellent brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics that can be stably produced by an industrially simple process that optimizes rolling conditions and controls the texture in the thickness direction, and a method for producing the same The purpose is to provide.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B schematically show that the crack 3 that has entered from the notch 2 of the standard ESSO test piece 1 has stopped propagating at the tip shape 4 in the base material 5.
- the present invention has been made by further study based on the obtained knowledge. That is, the present invention 1.
- the metal structure is mainly composed of ferrite, the integration degree I of the RD // (110) plane (Rolling Direction parallel to (110) plane) in the plate thickness surface layer portion is 1.3 or more, and the RD // (110 in the plate thickness center portion. )
- the surface integration degree I has a texture of 1.8 or more, the Charpy fracture surface transition temperature in the surface layer portion is vTrs ⁇ ⁇ 60 ° C., and the Charpy fracture surface transition temperature in the center portion of the plate thickness is vTrs ⁇ ⁇ 50 ° C.
- Steel composition is mass%, C: 0.03-0.20%, Si: 0.03-0.5%, Mn: 0.5-2.2%, Al: 0.005-0.08 %, P: 0.03% or less, S: 0.01% or less, N: 0.0050% or less, Ti: 0.005-0.03%, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities 3.
- the steel composition is further mass%, Nb: 0.005 to 0.05%, Cu: 0.01 to 0.5%, Ni: 0.01 to 1.0%, Cr: 0.01 to 0 0.5%, Mo: 0.01 to 0.5%, V: 0.001 to 0.10%, B: 0.0030% or less, Ca: 0.0050% or less, REM: 0.010% or less 3.
- the structural high-strength thick steel plate having excellent brittle crack propagation stopping characteristics as described in 3 above, which contains one or more kinds.
- a steel material (slab) having the composition described in either 5.3 or 4 is heated to a temperature of 900 to 1150 ° C.
- the cumulative reduction ratio is 20% or more, and 1 Rolling is performed so that the average rolling reduction per pass is 5.0% or less.
- rolling is performed so that the cumulative reduction rate is 40% or more and the average reduction rate per pass is 7.0% or more.
- the figure which shows typically the fracture surface form of the standard ESSO test of the thick steel plate exceeding 50 mm in thickness (a) is the figure which observed the test piece from the plane side, (b) is the figure which shows the fracture surface of a test piece.
- Toughness and texture of the surface layer part and the central part of the plate thickness Define the metallographic structure. 1. Toughness and texture
- the Charpy fracture surface transition temperature vTrs in the surface layer portion is ⁇ 60 ° C. or lower and the thickness in the central portion.
- the Charpy fracture surface transition temperature vTrs is defined as ⁇ 50 ° C. or lower.
- the Charpy fracture surface transition temperature vTrs at the center of the plate thickness is preferably ⁇ 60 ° C. or lower.
- the cleavage plane is accumulated obliquely with respect to the main crack direction, and fine crack branching is generated to reduce stress at the brittle crack tip.
- the effect of stopping brittle crack propagation is improved.
- Kca (-10 ° C) ⁇ 6000 N / mm which is a target for ensuring structural safety, with thick materials exceeding 50 mm thick that have been used for hull outer plates such as recent container ships and bulk carriers.
- the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) plane in the plate thickness surface layer portion is 1.3 or more, preferably 1.6 or more, and RD // in the plate thickness center portion.
- the degree of integration I on the (110) plane needs to be 1.8 or more, preferably 2.0 or more.
- the integration degree I of the RD // (110) plane at the plate thickness surface layer portion or the plate thickness central portion indicates the following.
- a sample having a plate thickness of 1 mm is taken from the plate thickness surface layer portion or the plate thickness central portion, and a surface parallel to the plate surface is mechanically polished / electrolytic polished, thereby obtaining an X-ray diffraction sample.
- Prepare a specimen In the case of the plate thickness surface layer portion, the surface closest to the outermost surface is polished.
- X-ray diffraction measurement is performed using a Mo ray source, and (200), (110) and (211) positive figures (pole figures) are obtained.
- a three-dimensional crystal orientation density function is calculated from the obtained positive pole figure by the Bunge method.
- the integrated value is obtained by integrating the values of the three-dimensional crystal orientation density function of the orientation.
- a value obtained by dividing the integrated value by the number of integrated directions is referred to as an integration degree I of the RD // (110) plane.
- the Charpy toughness value of the surface layer portion and the central portion of the plate thickness and the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) surface satisfy the following formula (1). .
- the metal structure is mainly composed of ferrite.
- the fact that the metal structure is mainly composed of ferrite is that the area fraction of the ferrite phase is 60% or more of the whole.
- the balance of bainite, martensite (including island-like martensite), pearlite, etc. is 40% or less in total area fraction.
- the target toughness can be obtained, but transformation occurs when transforming from austenite to ferrite after rolling. Since sufficient time exists, the resulting texture becomes random, and the integration degree I of the RD // (110) plane is 1.3 or more, preferably 1.6 or more in the target plate thickness surface layer portion.
- the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) plane at the center of the plate thickness cannot be achieved at 1.8 or more, preferably 2.0 or more.
- the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) plane is 1.3 or more, preferably 1.6 or more in the plate thickness surface layer portion even in the structure mainly composed of ferrite.
- the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) plane at the center of the plate thickness can be 1.8 or more, preferably 2.0 or more.
- C is an element that improves the strength of steel.
- it is necessary to contain 0.03% or more in order to ensure a desired strength, but if it exceeds 0.20%, the weldability deteriorates.
- C is preferably specified in the range of 0.03 to 0.20%. Furthermore, it is preferably 0.05 to 0.15%.
- Si 0.03-0.5% Si is effective as a deoxidizing element and as a strengthening element for steel, but if its content is less than 0.03%, it has no effect. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.5%, not only the surface properties of the steel are impaired, but also the toughness is extremely deteriorated. Therefore, the addition amount is preferably 0.03% or more and 0.5% or less.
- Mn 0.5 to 2.2% Mn is added as a strengthening element. If it is less than 0.5%, the effect is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 2.2%, the weldability deteriorates and the steel material cost also rises. Therefore, it is preferably 0.5% or more and 2.2% or less. .
- Al acts as a deoxidizer, and for this purpose, it needs to contain 0.005% or more. However, if it contains more than 0.08%, it reduces the toughness and, when welded, weld metal Reduce the toughness of the part. Therefore, Al is preferably specified in the range of 0.005 to 0.08%, and more preferably 0.02 to 0.04%.
- N 0.0050% or less N combines with Al in the steel to form AlN, thereby adjusting the crystal grain size during rolling and strengthening the steel, but if it exceeds 0.0050%, the toughness Since it deteriorates, it is preferable to make it 0.0050% or less.
- P, S P and S are inevitable impurities in the steel. However, if P exceeds 0.03%, the toughness deteriorates when S exceeds 0.01%. % Or less is desirable, and 0.02% or less and 0.005% or less are more desirable, respectively.
- Ti 0.005 to 0.03%
- Ti has the effect of forming nitrides, carbides, or carbonitrides by adding a small amount, and refining crystal grains to improve the base material toughness. The effect is obtained by addition of 0.005% or more. However, if the content exceeds 0.03%, the toughness of the base metal and the weld heat affected zone is lowered, so 0.005 to 0.03% is set.
- the above is a preferable basic component composition in the present invention, but in order to further improve the characteristics, it is possible to contain one or more of Nb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, V, B, Ca, and REM.
- Nb 0.005 to 0.05%
- Nb precipitates as NbC at the time of ferrite transformation or reheating, and contributes to the increase in strength.
- Nb has the effect of expanding the non-recrystallization temperature range in rolling in the austenite region, and contributes to the refinement of ferrite and is effective in improving toughness.
- the effect is exhibited by addition of 0.005% or more, but if added over 0.05%, coarse NbC precipitates and conversely causes a decrease in toughness, so the upper limit is made 0.05%. Is preferred.
- Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo are all elements that enhance the hardenability of steel. While contributing directly to strength enhancement after rolling, it can be added to improve functions such as toughness, high-temperature strength, or weather resistance, since these effects are exhibited by containing 0.01% or more, When contained, the content is preferably 0.01% or more. However, when it contains excessively, toughness and weldability will deteriorate, when containing, upper limit is 0.5% for Cu, 1.0% for Ni, 0.5% for Cr, and 0.5% for Mo. % Is preferable.
- V 0.001 to 0.10%
- V is an element that improves the strength of the steel by precipitation strengthening as V (C, N). In order to exhibit this effect, 0.001% or more may be contained, but if it exceeds 0.10%, toughness is reduced. For this reason, when it contains V, it is preferable to set it as 0.001 to 0.10% of range.
- B 0.0030% or less B may be added as an element that enhances the hardenability of steel in a small amount. However, if it exceeds 0.0030%, the toughness of the welded portion is lowered. Therefore, when B is contained, the content is preferably 0.0030% or less.
- Ca 0.0050% or less
- REM 0.010% or less Ca
- REM is necessary because it refines the structure of the heat affected zone and improves toughness, and even if added, the effect of the present invention is not impaired. It may be added accordingly. However, if it is excessively contained, coarse inclusions are formed and the toughness of the base material is deteriorated. Therefore, when it is included, the upper limit of Ca is preferably 0.0050% and REM is preferably 0.010%. .
- manufacturing conditions it is preferable to define the heating temperature, hot rolling conditions, cooling conditions, and the like of the steel material.
- the cumulative reduction ratio in addition to the overall cumulative reduction ratio, the cumulative reduction ratio and the case where the sheet thickness central portion is in the austenite recrystallization temperature range and in the austenite non-recrystallization temperature range, respectively.
- the molten steel having the above composition is melted in a converter or the like, and is made into a steel material by continuous casting or the like.
- hot rolling is performed after the steel material is heated to a temperature of 900 to 1150 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 900 to 1150 ° C.
- a more preferable heating temperature range is 1000 to 1100 ° C. from the viewpoint of toughness.
- the integration degree I of the RD // (110) plane is 1.3 or more, preferably 1.6 or more in the plate thickness surface layer portion targeted in the present invention, and the RD // (110) plane in the center portion of the plate thickness.
- the degree of integration I is 1.8 or higher, preferably 2.0 or higher. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to define hot rolling conditions as described below.
- the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) plane is 1.3 or more, preferably 1.6 or more in the plate thickness surface layer portion, and RD // (110 in the plate thickness center portion. )
- Surface integration degree I is 1.8 or more, preferably 2.0 or more.
- the rolling is performed so that the cumulative reduction rate is 20% or more and the average reduction rate per pass is 5.0% or less. Is preferred.
- austenite is refined and the finally obtained metal structure is also refined to improve toughness.
- the average rolling reduction per pass in this temperature range to 5.0% or less, strain can be introduced particularly in the vicinity of the surface layer of the steel material, and thereby RD // (110 in the plate thickness surface layer portion. )
- Surface integration degree I can be 1.3 or more, preferably 1.6 or more, and the surface layer portion is further refined to obtain the effect of improving the toughness of the surface layer portion.
- the cumulative reduction ratio is 40% or more and the average reduction ratio per pass is 7.0% or more in a state where the temperature at the center of the plate thickness is in the austenite non-recrystallization temperature range.
- the cumulative rolling reduction in this temperature range is 40% or more, the texture at the center of the plate thickness is sufficiently developed.
- the integration degree I of the RD // (110) plane at the center of the plate thickness is set to 1.8 or more, preferably 2.0 or more. it can.
- the cumulative rolling reduction is 65% or more as a whole by combining the austenite recrystallization temperature range and the austenite non-recrystallization temperature range. This is because by setting the total cumulative rolling reduction to 65% or more, a sufficient rolling reduction can be ensured for the structure, and the toughness and strength can achieve the target values.
- the austenite recrystallization temperature range and the austenite non-recrystallization temperature range can be grasped by conducting a preliminary experiment in which the steel having the component composition is given a heat / working history with varying conditions.
- finish temperature of hot rolling is not specifically limited, From a viewpoint of rolling efficiency, it is preferable to complete
- the rolled steel sheet is cooled to 600 ° C. or lower at a cooling rate of 4.0 ° C./s or higher.
- a cooling rate of 4.0 ° C./s or higher.
- the cooling rate is less than 4.0 ° C./s, the structure becomes coarse, and the target toughness cannot be obtained.
- the cooling stop temperature is set to 600 ° C. or less, the progress of recrystallization can be avoided, and the desired texture obtained by hot rolling and subsequent cooling can be maintained.
- the cooling stop temperature is higher than 600 ° C., recrystallization proceeds even after the cooling stop and a desired texture cannot be obtained.
- cooling rate and cooling stop temperature be the temperature of the plate
- the temperature at the central portion of the plate thickness is obtained by simulation calculation or the like from the plate thickness, surface temperature, cooling conditions, and the like.
- the temperature at the center of the plate thickness of the steel sheet is obtained by calculating the temperature distribution in the plate thickness direction using the difference method.
- a tempering temperature can be made not to impair the desired structure obtained by rolling and cooling by carrying out by making steel sheet average temperature below AC1 point.
- the AC1 point (° C.) is obtained by the following equation.
- a C1 point 751-26.6C + 17.6Si-11.6Mn-169Al-23Cu-23Ni + 24.1Cr + 22.5Mo + 233Nb-39.7V-5.7Ti-895B
- each element symbol is the content (% by mass) in steel, and 0 if not contained.
- the average temperature of the steel sheet can also be obtained by simulation calculation or the like from the sheet thickness, surface temperature, cooling conditions, etc., similarly to the temperature at the center of the sheet thickness.
- Molten steel (steel symbols A to O) of each composition shown in Table 1 is melted in a converter and made into a steel material (slab thickness 250 mm) by a continuous casting method. After hot rolling to a plate thickness of 50 to 80 mm, cooling is performed. No. 1 to 29 test steels were obtained. Some were tempered after cooling. Table 2 shows hot rolling conditions, cooling conditions, and tempering conditions.
- a JIS14A test piece of ⁇ 14 was collected from 1/4 part of the plate thickness so that the longitudinal direction of the test piece was perpendicular to the rolling direction, a tensile test was performed, and a yield point (Yield Strength) was obtained. Tensile Strength was measured.
- a JIS No. 4 impact test piece was taken from the surface layer part and the center part of the plate thickness (hereinafter also referred to as 1 / 2t part) so that the direction of the longitudinal axis of the test piece was parallel to the rolling direction, and the Charpy impact test was performed.
- the fracture surface transition temperature (vTrs) was obtained.
- the impact test piece of the surface layer part is assumed to have a surface closest to the surface at a depth of 1 mm from the steel sheet surface.
- the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) plane at the central portion of the plate thickness was determined as follows. First, a sample having a plate thickness of 1 mm was collected from the central portion of the plate thickness, and a test piece for X-ray diffraction was prepared by mechanically polishing and electrolytic polishing a surface parallel to the plate surface. Using this test piece, X-ray diffraction measurement was performed using a Mo ray source, and (200), (110) and (211) positive electrode dot diagrams were obtained. A three-dimensional crystal orientation density function was calculated from the obtained positive electrode dot diagram by the Bunge method.
- the integrated value was obtained by integrating the values of the three-dimensional crystal orientation density function of the orientation to be.
- a value obtained by dividing the integrated value by the integrated number of azimuths 19 was defined as an integration degree I of the RD // (110) plane.
- Table 3 shows the results of these tests.
- Kca ( ⁇ 10 ° C.) is 6000 N / mm 3 / 2 or more, the brittle crack propagation stopping performance was excellent.
- the test steel plates manufactured by manufacturing numbers 1 to 13 in which the Charpy toughness values of the surface layer portion and the central portion of the plate thickness and the degree of integration I of the RD // (110) surface satisfy the formula (1) (Production numbers 1 to 13), (1) A higher Kca ( ⁇ 10 ° C.) value was obtained as compared with the test steel sheets (Product Nos. 27 to 29) not satisfying the formula.
- the value of Kca ( ⁇ 10 ° C.) is 6000 N / mm 3 / It was less than 2 .
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Abstract
Description
1.板厚50mmを超える厚鋼板について、標準ESSO試験の破面を詳細に調査した結果、図1(b)に示すような破面形態となる場合に、脆性亀裂の幅が小さくなるのに伴い亀裂先端部の応力拡大係数が小さくなり、その結果、鋼板のアレスト性能が高くなる。図1(a)(b)は標準ESSO試験片1のノッチ2から突入した亀裂3が母材5において先端形状4で伝播を停止したことを模式的に示す。
2.上記の様な破面形態を得るためには、表層部と板厚中央部のアレスト性能を向上させる必要がある。表層部と板厚中央部のアレスト性能を向上させる方法として、表層部および板厚中央部の靭性を向上させることが有効である。しかし、板厚50mmを超えるような厚鋼板では冷却速度や圧下率等に制限があり、板厚中央部の靭性を向上させるには限界が存在する。
3.靭性向上の他にアレスト性能を向上させる手法としては、板厚中央部の集合組織を制御することが有効である。特に圧延方向に対して平行に(110)面を集積させ、圧延方向あるいは板幅方向に進展する亀裂をそれぞれ圧延方向あるいは板幅方向から斜めに逸らすように集合組織制御を行うことが有効である。
4.さらに、板厚中央部がオーステナイト再結晶温度域にある状態での累積圧下率を20%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を5%以下とすることによって、表層部の組織の微細化を図る。その後、板厚中央部がオーステナイト未再結晶温度域にある状態での累積圧下率を40%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を7%以上とすることにより、板厚中央部の靭性および集合組織を発達させることができ、上述の組織を実現できる。
1.金属組織がフェライト主体であり、板厚表層部におけるRD//(110)面(Rolling Direction parallel to(110)plane)の集積度Iが1.3以上、板厚中央部におけるRD//(110)面の集積度Iが1.8以上の集合組織を有し、表層部におけるシャルピー破面遷移温度がvTrs≦−60℃および板厚中央部におけるシャルピー破面遷移温度がvTrs≦−50℃であることを特徴とする脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
2.表層部および板厚中央部のシャルピー靭性値およびRD//(110)面の集積度Iが、下記(1)式を満たすことを特徴とする1に記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
vTrs(表層)+1.9×vTrs(1/2t)−6×IRD//(110)[表層]−84×IRD//(110)[1/2t]≦−350・・・(1)
vTrs(表層):表層部の破面遷移温度 (℃)
vTrs(1/2t):板厚中央部の破面遷移温度 (℃)
IRD//(110)[表層]:表層部のRD//(110)面の集積度
IRD//(110)[1/2t]:板厚中央部のRD//(110)面の集積度
3.鋼組成が、質量%で、C:0.03~0.20%、Si:0.03~0.5%、Mn:0.5~2.2%、Al:0.005~0.08%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.01%以下、N:0.0050%以下、Ti:0.005~0.03%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなることを特徴とする1または2のいずれかに記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
4. 鋼組成が、更に、質量%で、Nb:0.005~0.05%、Cu:0.01~0.5%、Ni:0.01~1.0%、Cr:0.01~0.5%、Mo:0.01~0.5%、V:0.001~0.10%、B:0.0030%以下、Ca:0.0050%以下、REM:0.010%以下の1種以上を含有することを特徴とする3に記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
5.3または4のいずれかに記載の組成を有する鋼素材(slab)を、900~1150℃の温度に加熱する。オーステナイト再結晶温度域とオーステナイト未再結晶温度域での累積圧下率の合計を65%以上、板厚中央部がオーステナイト再結晶温度域にある状態において、累積圧下率を20%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を5.0%以下とする圧延をする。次いで、板厚中央部がオーステナイト未再結晶温度域にある状態において、累積圧下率を40%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を7.0%以上とする圧延を行う。その後、4.0℃/s以上の冷却速度にて600℃以下まで加速冷却することを特徴とする脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板の製造方法。
6.600℃以下まで加速冷却した後、さらに、AC1点以下の温度に焼戻す工程を有する5に記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板の製造方法。
1.靭性および集合組織
本発明では、圧延方向または圧延直角方向など水平方向(鋼板の面内方向)に進展する亀裂に対して亀裂伝播停止特性を向上させることのできる図1の破面形態を得るために、板厚表層部および中央部での靭性とRD//(100)面の集積度Iを適宜規定する。
vTrs(表層)+1.9×vTrs(1/2t)−6×IRD//(110)[表層]−84×IRD//(110)[1/2t]≦−350・・・(1)
vTrs(表層):表層部の破面遷移温度 (℃)
vTrs(1/2t):板厚中央部の破面遷移温度 (℃)
IRD//(110)[表層]:表層部のRD//(110)面の集積度
IRD//(110)[1/2t]:板厚中央部のRD//(110)面の集積度
上記(1)式が満足されることにより、さらに優れた脆性亀裂伝播停止性能を得ることができる。
本発明では、金属組織がフェライト主体であるものとする。ここで、本発明において、金属組織がフェライト主体であるとは、フェライト相の面積分率が全体の60%以上であることとする。残部は、ベイナイト、マルテンサイト(島状マルテンサイトを含む)、パーライトなどが合計の面積分率で40%以下である。
以下、本発明における好ましい化学成分について説明する。説明において%は質量%である。
C:0.03~0.20%
Cは鋼の強度を向上する元素であり、本発明では、所望の強度を確保するためには0.03%以上の含有を必要とするが、0.20%を超えると、溶接性が劣化するばかりか靭性にも悪影響がある。このため、Cは、0.03~0.20%の範囲に規定することが好ましい。さらに、好ましくは0.05~0.15%である。
Siは脱酸元素として、また、鋼の強化元素として有効であるが、0.03%未満の含有量ではその効果がない。一方、0.5%を越えると鋼の表面性状を損なうばかりか靭性が極端に劣化する。従ってその添加量を0.03%以上、0.5%以下とすることが好ましい。
Mnは、強化元素として添加する。0.5%より少ないとその効果が十分でなく、2.2%を超えると溶接性が劣化し、鋼材コストも上昇するため、0.5%以上、2.2%以下とすることが好ましい。
Alは、脱酸剤として作用し、このためには0.005%以上の含有を必要とするが、0.08%を超えて含有すると、靭性を低下させるとともに、溶接した場合に、溶接金属部の靭性を低下させる。このため、Alは、0.005~0.08%の範囲に規定することが好ましく、さらに、好ましくは、0.02~0.04%である。
Nは、鋼中のAlと結合してAlNを形成することにより、圧延加工時の結晶粒径を調整し、鋼を強化するが、0.0050%を超えると靭性が劣化するため、0.0050%以下とすることが好ましい。
P、Sは、鋼中の不可避不純物であるが、Pは0.03%を超えると、Sは0.01%を超えると靭性が劣化するため、それぞれ、0.03%以下、0.01%以下が望ましく、それぞれ、0.02%以下、0.005%以下がさらに望ましい。
Tiは微量の添加により、窒化物、炭化物、あるいは炭窒化物を形成し、結晶粒を微細化して母材靭性を向上させる効果を有する。その効果は0.005%以上の添加によって得られるが、0.03%を超える含有は、母材および溶接熱影響部の靭性を低下させるので、0.005~0.03%とする。
Nbは、NbCとしてフェライト変態時あるいは再加熱時に析出し、高強度化に寄与する。また、オーステナイト域の圧延において未再結晶温度域を拡大させる効果をもち、フェライトの細粒化に寄与するので、靭性の改善にも有効である。その効果は0.005%以上の添加により発揮されるが0.05%を超えて添加すると、粗大なNbCが析出し、逆に靭性の低下を招くのでその上限は0.05%とするのが好ましい。
Cu、Ni、Cr、Moはいずれも鋼の焼入れ性を高める元素である。圧延後の強度アップに直接寄与するとともに、靭性、高温強度、あるいは耐候性などの機能向上のために添加することができ、これらの効果は0.01%以上含有することにより発揮されるので、含有される場合には、0.01%以上とすることが好ましい。しかしながら、過度に含有すると靭性や溶接性が劣化するため、含有させる場合には、それぞれ上限をCuは0.5%、Niは1.0%、Crは0.5%、Moは0.5%とすることが好ましい。
Vは、V(C,N)として析出強化により、鋼の強度を向上する元素である。この効果を発揮させるために0.001%以上含有してもよいが、0.10%を超えて含有すると、靭性を低下させる。このため、Vを含有させる場合には、0.001~0.10%の範囲とすることが好ましい。
Bは微量で鋼の焼き入れ性を高める元素として添加してもよい。しかし、0.0030%を超えて含有すると溶接部の靭性を低下させるので、Bを含有させる場合には0.0030%以下とすることが好ましい。
Ca、REMは溶接熱影響部の組織を微細化し靭性を向上させ、添加しても本発明の効果が損なわれることはないので必要に応じて添加してもよい。しかし、過度に含有すると、粗大な介在物を形成し母材の靭性を劣化させるので、含有させる場合にはそれぞれの上限をCaは0.0050%、REMは0.010%とするのが好ましい。
以下、本発明における好ましい製造条件について説明する。
製造条件としては、鋼素材の加熱温度、熱間圧延条件、冷却条件などを規定することが好ましい。特に、熱間圧延については、全体の累積圧下率のほかに、板厚中央部がオーステナイト再結晶温度域にある場合と、オーステナイト未再結晶温度域にある場合とのそれぞれについて、累積圧下率および1パス当たりの平均圧下率を規定することが好ましい。これらを規定することにより、厚鋼板の表層部および板厚中央部における靭性およびRD//(110)面の集積度Iと板厚1/4部における強度について、所望の特性を得ることができる。
AC1点=751−26.6C+17.6Si−11.6Mn−169Al−23Cu−23Ni+24.1Cr+22.5Mo+233Nb−39.7V−5.7Ti−895B
式において各元素記号は鋼中含有量(質量%)で、含有しない場合は0とする。
Claims (8)
- 金属組織がフェライト主体であり、板厚表層部におけるRD//(110)面の集積度Iが1.3以上、板厚中央部におけるRD//(110)面の集積度Iが1.8以上の集合組織を有し、表層部におけるシャルピー破面遷移温度vTrsが−60℃以下および板厚中央部におけるシャルピー破面遷移温度vTrsが−50℃以下であることを特徴とする脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
- 表層部および板厚中央部のシャルピー破面遷移温度およびRD//(110)面の集積度Iが、下記(1)式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
vTrs(表層)+1.9×vTrs(1/2t)−6×IRD//(110)[表層]−84×IRD//(110)[1/2t]≦−350・・・(1)
vTrs(表層) : 表層部の破面遷移温度 (℃)
vTrs(1/2t) :板厚中央部の破面遷移温度 (℃)
IRD//(110)[表層]:表層部のRD//(110)面の集積度
IRD//(110)[1/2t]:板厚中央部のRD//(110)面の集積度 - 鋼組成が、質量%で、C:0.03~0.20%、Si:0.03~0.5%、Mn:0.5~2.2%、Al:0.005~0.08%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.01%以下、N:0.0050%以下、Ti:0.005~0.03%を含有し、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなることを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
- 鋼組成が、更に、質量%で、Nb:0.005~0.05%、Cu:0.01~0.5%、Ni:0.01~1.0%、Cr:0.01~0.5%、Mo:0.01~0.5%、V:0.001~0.10%、B:0.0030%以下、Ca:0.0050%以下、REM:0.010%以下の1種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板。
- 請求項3に記載の組成を有する鋼素材を、900~1150℃の温度に加熱し、オーステナイト再結晶温度域とオーステナイト未再結晶温度域での累積圧下率の合計を65%以上、板厚中央部がオーステナイト再結晶温度域にある状態において、累積圧下率を20%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を5.0%以下とする圧延を実施し、次いで、板厚中央部がオーステナイト未再結晶温度域にある状態において、累積圧下率を40%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を7.0%以上とする圧延を行い、その後、4.0℃/s以上の冷却速度にて600℃以下まで加速冷却することを特徴とする脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板の製造方法。
- 600℃以下まで加速冷却した後、さらに、AC1点以下の温度に焼戻す工程を有する請求項5に記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板の製造方法。
- 請求項4に記載の組成を有する鋼素材を、900~1150℃の温度に加熱し、オーステナイト再結晶温度域とオーステナイト未再結晶温度域での累積圧下率の合計を65%以上、板厚中央部がオーステナイト再結晶温度域にある状態において、累積圧下率を20%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を5.0%以下とする圧延を実施し、次いで、板厚中央部がオーステナイト未再結晶温度域にある状態において、累積圧下率を40%以上、かつ、1パス当りの平均圧下率を7.0%以上とする圧延を行い、その後、4.0℃/s以上の冷却速度にて600℃以下まで加速冷却することを特徴とする脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板の製造方法。
- 600℃以下まで加速冷却した後、さらに、AC1点以下の温度に焼戻す工程を有する請求項7に記載の脆性亀裂伝播停止特性に優れた構造用高強度厚鋼板の製造方法。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016143345A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度極厚鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| JPWO2016143345A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-12 | 2017-04-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度極厚鋼板およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5304924B2 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
| EP2799585A1 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| KR101588261B1 (ko) | 2016-01-25 |
| BR112014015795A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
| BR112014015795A8 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
| EP2799585A4 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| KR20140094022A (ko) | 2014-07-29 |
| JP2013151731A (ja) | 2013-08-08 |
| CN104011250B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
| EP2799585B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| BR112014015795B1 (pt) | 2019-02-12 |
| CN104011250A (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
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