WO2012131969A1 - 車両の電源システム - Google Patents
車両の電源システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012131969A1 WO2012131969A1 PCT/JP2011/058194 JP2011058194W WO2012131969A1 WO 2012131969 A1 WO2012131969 A1 WO 2012131969A1 JP 2011058194 W JP2011058194 W JP 2011058194W WO 2012131969 A1 WO2012131969 A1 WO 2012131969A1
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- converter
- power supply
- duty
- supply system
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/337—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
- H02M3/3376—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle power supply system, and more specifically, includes a drive device that receives electric power from an in-vehicle power storage device and generates vehicle driving force, and an auxiliary device that operates by receiving power from the in-vehicle power storage device.
- the present invention relates to a vehicle power supply system.
- an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, and a fuel cell vehicle configured to generate a vehicle driving force by an electric motor
- a power storage device for example, a main battery
- a low-voltage auxiliary power storage device for example, an auxiliary battery
- the output voltage suitable for driving the electric motor for traveling and the rated voltage of an auxiliary device such as a headlight or air conditioner or a control device such as an electronic control unit (ECU) are greatly different.
- ECU electronice control unit
- Patent Document 1 the output voltage of the main battery is stepped down by the voltage converter (DC / DC converter), and the output of the DC / DC converter is output. It is common to supply voltage to auxiliaries and auxiliary batteries.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a power converter that converts high-voltage DC power output from a power generator into low-voltage DC power, a battery and an electrical load to which power converted by the power converter is supplied,
- a power supply apparatus comprising: is disclosed.
- a first circuit breaker and a second circuit breaker are interposed between the power generation apparatus and the input side line of the power converter, and between the output side line of the power converter and the battery, respectively. ing.
- Patent Document 1 when a ground fault or an open fault occurs in the power converter, the first circuit breaker and the second circuit breaker are disconnected.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to stably supply power to the auxiliary machine even when a ground fault occurs in the drive device. It is to provide a power supply system for a vehicle.
- a power supply system for a vehicle includes a power storage device, a drive device that receives electric power from the power storage device and generates vehicle driving force, and an auxiliary device that operates by receiving power from the power storage device.
- a power supply system for a vehicle reduces the output voltage of a pair of capacitors that are connected in series between terminals of a power storage device and whose connection point is grounded, and a switching operation of a switching element to an auxiliary machine.
- a voltage converter for supplying, a voltage detection unit for detecting the output voltage of the pair of capacitors, and a control unit for switching control of the switching element according to a duty set according to a detection value of the voltage detection unit Prepare. When an abnormality due to a ground fault of the drive device is detected in the detection value of the voltage detection unit, the control unit controls the switching element by limiting the duty.
- the control unit fixes the duty to the upper limit value of the allowable range of the duty set in advance corresponding to the upper limit value of the output voltage range of the pair of capacitors.
- control unit sets the allowable range of the duty based at least on the breakdown voltage of the switching element.
- the drive device raises the lower limit value of the output voltage range of the pair of capacitors when an abnormality is detected.
- the drive device has a lower limit value of the output voltage range so that the output voltage of the voltage converter when the duty is fixed to the upper limit value of the allowable range of the duty exceeds a voltage that guarantees the normal operation of the auxiliary machine. Set.
- the drive device in a vehicle power supply system including a drive device that receives electric power from an in-vehicle power storage device and generates vehicle driving force, and an auxiliary machine that operates by receiving power from the in-vehicle power storage device, the drive device has a ground fault. Even when a failure occurs, power can be stably supplied to the auxiliary machine.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining a detailed configuration of the DC / DC converter shown in FIG. 1. It is a schematic diagram explaining the state of a low voltage
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the DC / DC converter when a ground fault occurs in the high-voltage system in the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the tolerance
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an electric vehicle equipped with a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- electrically powered vehicle 5 includes a main battery 10, a converter 12, an inverter 14, a vehicle driving motor M ⁇ b> 1, a power transmission gear 15, driving wheels 16, and a control device 50.
- the power supply system of the electric vehicle 5 is configured by the portion excluding the motor M1, the power transmission gear 15, and the drive wheels 16 from the configuration of FIG.
- the main battery 10 is shown as an example of a “power storage device” that stores electric power for driving the motor M1.
- the main battery 10 is typically composed of a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery.
- the power storage device may be configured by an electric double layer capacitor or a combination of a secondary battery and a capacitor.
- Converter 12 has a voltage VL between positive line PL and negative line NL (that is, an input / output voltage of main battery 10) and a voltage VH between positive line MPL and negative line MNL (that is, an input voltage of inverter 14).
- VL voltage between positive line PL and negative line NL
- VH voltage between positive line MPL and negative line MNL
- the step-up / step-down operation in converter 12 is controlled according to a switching command from control device 50.
- a smoothing capacitor C is connected between the positive bus MPL and the negative bus MNL.
- the inverter 14 performs bidirectional power conversion between the DC power between the positive bus MPL and the negative bus MNL and the AC power input / output to / from the motor M1. Specifically, the inverter 14 converts the DC voltage VH between the positive bus MPL and the negative bus MNL into a three-phase AC voltage and supplies it to the motor M1 in accordance with a switching command from the control device 50. The output torque of the motor M1 is controlled by the three-phase AC voltage.
- the output torque of the motor M1 is transmitted to the drive wheels 16 via the power transmission gear 15 constituted by a speed reducer and a power split mechanism, and the electric vehicle 5 is caused to travel.
- the motor M ⁇ b> 1 generates AC power as the drive wheels 16 are decelerated.
- inverter 14 converts AC power generated by motor M1 into DC power in accordance with a switching command from control device 50, and supplies the DC power to positive bus MPL and negative bus MNL.
- This DC power is further supplied to the main battery 10 by the converter 12. Thereby, the main battery 10 is charged at the time of deceleration or traveling downhill.
- the electric vehicle 5 comprehensively represents a vehicle equipped with a traveling electric motor, and includes a hybrid vehicle that generates a vehicle driving force by the engine and the electric motor, an electric vehicle not equipped with an engine, a fuel vehicle, and the like.
- the control device 50 is typically an electronic control device mainly composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory area such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a ROM (Read Only Memory), and an input / output interface. (ECU). And the control apparatus 50 performs control which concerns on vehicle driving
- the electric vehicle 5 further includes an auxiliary power supply system (hereinafter referred to as a low voltage system) in addition to the above-described main battery system (hereinafter referred to as a high voltage system).
- a low voltage system auxiliary power supply system
- the high-pressure system is insulated from the ground node (vehicle ground) connected to the vehicle body, whereas the low-pressure system operates on the basis of the vehicle ground.
- the electric vehicle 5 further includes an auxiliary battery 20, a DC / DC converter 100, and an auxiliary load 110.
- Auxiliary battery 20 is formed of, for example, a lead storage battery.
- the voltage of auxiliary battery 20 is lower than the output voltage of main battery 10 and is, for example, about 12V. Electric power is supplied from the auxiliary battery 20 to the auxiliary load.
- the DC / DC converter 100 steps down the voltage VL (the output voltage of the main battery 10) between the positive line PL and the negative line NL and outputs it to the power supply wiring AMD. That is, output voltage Vdc of DC / DC converter 100 corresponds to a DC voltage between ground node G1 and power supply wiring AMD.
- the auxiliary load 110 operates by receiving a voltage supply from the power supply wiring AMD or the auxiliary battery 20.
- the auxiliary machine load 110 includes audio equipment, navigation equipment, lighting equipment (hazard lamp, room light, headlamp, etc.) and the like. Further, the auxiliary machine load 110 includes a traveling system load directly used for traveling the vehicle, such as an electric power steering mechanism, an electric oil pump, and an electronically controlled small motor. Further, the control device 50 (ECU) also operates with electric power from the auxiliary battery 20 or the power supply wiring AMD.
- Auxiliary machine load 110 representatively shows these auxiliary machine loads that are operated by a voltage from power supply wiring AMD or auxiliary battery 20.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining a detailed configuration of the DC / DC converter 100 shown in FIG.
- DC / DC converter 100 includes a converter unit 120 and a control unit 130 for controlling converter unit 120.
- Converter section 120 includes an inductor L1 and capacitors C1, C2, and C3, power semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q4 constituting a full bridge circuit, a transformer Tr, and a conversion circuit (AC / DC) 122.
- Antiparallel diodes D1 to D4 are provided corresponding to switching elements Q1 to Q4, respectively.
- Capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in series between positive line PL and negative line NL, and the connection point (node N) is connected to ground node G1. Capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 have the same capacity.
- a series connection body of the pair of capacitors C1 and C2 constitutes a Y capacitor. And this Y capacitor
- the LC filter suppresses fluctuations in the input voltage VL (voltage between the positive line PL and the negative line NL) due to the common mode current superimposed on the positive line PL and the negative line NL.
- switching elements As the power semiconductor switching elements Q1 to Q4 (hereinafter simply referred to as “switching elements”), a transistor is illustrated in FIG.
- the on / off states of the switching elements Q1 to Q4 are controlled according to signals S1 to S4 from the control unit 130.
- the full bridge circuit converts the voltage VL from the main battery 10 into an AC voltage and outputs the AC voltage to the primary coil 101 of the transformer Tr. That is, the amplitude, frequency and phase of the AC voltage generated in the primary coil 101 can be controlled by the switching elements Q1 to Q4.
- the transformer Tr includes a primary side coil 101, secondary side coils 102 and 103, and an iron core for electromagnetically coupling the primary side coil 101 and the secondary side coils 102 and 103.
- AC voltages corresponding to the voltage of the primary coil 101 are generated in the secondary coils 102 and 103, respectively.
- the amplitude of the AC voltage generated in the secondary coil 102 is determined by the AC voltage of the primary coil 101 and the turn ratio of the primary coil 101 and the secondary coil 102.
- the amplitude of the AC voltage generated in the secondary coil 103 is determined by the AC voltage of the primary coil 101 and the turns ratio of the primary coil 101 and the secondary coil 104.
- One end of the secondary coil 102 is connected to the power supply wiring AMD via the conversion circuit 122.
- the other end of secondary coil 102 is connected to ground node G1.
- One end of the secondary coil 103 is connected to the ground node G ⁇ b> 1 in the same manner as the other end of the secondary coil 102.
- the other end of the secondary coil 103 is connected to the power supply wiring AMD via the conversion circuit 122 in the same manner as the one end of the secondary coil 102.
- the primary coil so that one end of the secondary coil 102 and one end of the secondary coil 103, and the other end of the secondary coil 102 and the other end of the secondary coil 103 are in phase. AC voltage is transmitted from 101 to secondary coils 102 and 103.
- the conversion circuit 122 converts the AC voltage transmitted to the secondary coils 102 and 103 into a DC voltage and outputs it between the power supply wiring AMD and the ground node G1.
- the DC voltage converted by the conversion circuit 122 corresponds to the output voltage Vdc of the DC / DC converter 100.
- the conversion circuit 122 includes diodes D5 and D6, an inductor L2, and a capacitor C4.
- the diode D5 rectifies the AC voltage generated in the secondary coil 102.
- the diode D6 rectifies the AC voltage generated in the secondary coil 103.
- the voltage rectified by the diodes D5 and D6 is converted into a DC voltage by the LC filter including the inductor L2 and the capacitor C4.
- control unit 130 controls on / off (duty) of switching elements Q1-Q4 based on a comparison between a voltage command value that is a target value of output voltage Vdc of DC / DC converter 100 and the voltage of power supply wiring AMD. To do.
- control unit 130 includes a high voltage detection unit 140, a photocoupler 160, and a microcomputer 180.
- the high voltage detection unit 140 detects a voltage VL between terminals of a Y capacitor composed of a pair of capacitors C1 and C2 (that is, a voltage between the positive line PL and the negative line NL), and the detection result is passed through the photocoupler 160. Output to the microcomputer 180.
- the high voltage detection unit 140 includes a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) circuit (not shown).
- the PWM circuit includes an oscillation circuit that oscillates at a constant frequency, and a comparator that compares the triangular wave signal generated by the oscillation circuit with the amplitude of the voltage VL.
- the PWM circuit modulates the amplitude of the voltage VL to a pulse width having a constant amplitude.
- the high voltage detector 140 outputs the pulse signal modulated by the PWM circuit to the photocoupler 160.
- the photocoupler 160 constitutes an insulating circuit for insulating the primary side and the secondary side of the transformer Tr.
- the photocoupler 160 includes a light emitting diode as a light emitting element and a phototransistor as a light receiving element. When the light emitting diode emits light in response to the pulse signal from the high voltage detector 140, the phototransistor is turned on / off based on the optical signal from the light emitting diode.
- the microcomputer 180 acquires the detection value of the voltage VL based on the on / off (duty) of the phototransistor of the photocoupler 160. Further, the microcomputer 180 acquires a detection value of the output voltage Vdc from a low voltage detection unit (not shown) provided between the power supply wiring AMD and the ground node G1. When the detected value of the output voltage Vdc is subtracted from the voltage command value, the microcomputer 180 executes a control calculation (for example, proportional integration control) for making the output voltage Vdc coincide with the voltage command value. When microcomputer 180 sets the duty command value based on the calculation result, microcomputer 180 generates signals S1 to S4 for controlling on / off of switching elements Q1 to Q4 according to the set duty command value, and supplies the converted signal to converter unit 120. Output.
- a control calculation for example, proportional integration control
- the microcomputer 180 provides an upper limit value (hereinafter referred to as “duty command upper limit value”) for the duty command values of the switching elements Q1 to Q4.
- This duty command upper limit value is provided in order to prevent an overvoltage from being applied to elements (such as a switching element and a diode) provided inside DC / DC converter 100.
- the duty command upper limit takes a variable value according to the voltage VL input to the DC / DC converter 100.
- the duty command upper limit value is set based on the voltage range of the voltage VL between the positive line PL and the negative line NL.
- the voltage range of the voltage VL is determined by the output voltage range of the main battery 10.
- the output voltage of the main battery 10 varies according to the exchange of power between the main battery 10 and the motor M1 in the high voltage system, that is, charging / discharging of the main battery 10.
- the duty command upper limit value is variable according to the voltage VL (that is, the output voltage of the main battery 10) so that the voltage applied to the element inside the DC / DC converter 100 does not exceed the withstand voltage of the element.
- the DC / DC converter 100 can reduce the output voltage while preventing damage to the internal elements.
- the auxiliary battery 20 and the auxiliary load 110 can be supplied.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a waveform of a pulse signal output from the high voltage detection unit 140 when a ground fault has occurred in the high voltage system.
- FIG. 4 assumes a case where the power cable disposed between the inverter 14 and the motor M1 has a ground fault.
- the high voltage detector 140 when the high voltage system is normal, the high voltage detector 140 outputs a pulse signal having a duty corresponding to the detected value of voltage VL.
- high voltage noise enters the high voltage detector 140 in accordance with a change in the potential of the ground node G1.
- the high voltage noise is generated every time the switching element included in the inverter 14 is turned on or turned off. It becomes difficult for the high voltage detector 140 to accurately detect the detected value of the voltage VL due to the influence of high voltage noise. In this case, a communication abnormality occurs in which the detection value of the voltage VL cannot be transmitted from the high voltage detection unit 140 to the microcomputer 180.
- the converter unit 120 is controlled based on an erroneous voltage detection value. Accordingly, the DC / DC converter 100 outputs an excessive voltage. There is a risk that.
- the elements inside the DC / DC converter or the auxiliary load and auxiliary battery connected to the DC / DC converter are protected. The output of the voltage of the DC / DC converter is forcibly stopped by the operation of the internal protection function.
- FIG. 5 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the DC / DC converter when a short-circuit fault is activated in the high-voltage system in the conventional power supply system.
- the controller of the DC / DC converter reads the duty command values of switching elements Q1-Q4 of the primary full bridge circuit. Is reduced to 0 (%). As a result, switching elements Q1 to Q4 are all turned off. Then, the output voltage Vdc of the DC / DC converter decreases to approximately 0V.
- the auxiliary battery 20 cannot be charged by the output voltage Vdc, so that the discharge of the auxiliary battery 20 to the power supply wiring AMD is promoted. If the output voltage of the auxiliary battery 20 decreases due to this discharge, the operation of the auxiliary load 110 may be hindered.
- the DC / DC converter 100 when communication abnormality occurs in the high voltage detection unit 140, the DC / DC converter 100 is operated in a state where the output is limited. Specifically, the output of the DC / DC converter 100 is limited to a level at which protection of elements provided in the DC / DC converter 100 can be secured.
- FIG. 6 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the DC / DC converter 100 when a ground fault occurs in the high-voltage system in the power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- control unit 130 of DC / DC converter 100 causes switching elements Q1 to Q4 of the primary-side full bridge circuit to operate.
- the duty command value is fixed to a predetermined value D2 (%).
- the output voltage Vdc of the DC / DC converter 100 decreases to the predetermined voltage V2.
- the predetermined voltage V2 is determined by the voltage VL, the duty command value D2, and the turn ratio of the primary side coil 101 and the secondary side coil 102.
- the predetermined value D2 (%) in the duty command value is set based on the allowable range of the duty command value when the output voltage of the main battery 10 becomes maximum.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an allowable range of the duty command value.
- the horizontal axis indicates the voltage VL input to the DC / DC converter 100
- the vertical axis indicates the duty of the switching elements Q1 to Q4 of the primary-side full bridge circuit.
- Voltage VL is a voltage between positive line PL and negative line NL and corresponds to the output voltage of main battery 10.
- voltage VL has a predetermined voltage range corresponding to the fluctuation range of the output voltage of main battery 10 in the charge / discharge control of main battery 10.
- Vmax voltage upper limit value
- Vmin voltage lower limit value
- the allowable range of the duty command values of the switching elements Q1 to Q4 is set in correspondence with the voltage range of the voltage VL.
- the upper limit value of the allowable range of the duty command value (that is, the duty command upper limit value) is such that the voltage applied to the elements (switching elements and diodes) inside the converter unit 120 exceeds the breakdown voltage of these elements. It is variably set according to the voltage VL.
- a line k1 in the figure indicates the relationship between the voltage VL and the duty command upper limit value.
- the duty command upper limit value is set to D1 (%).
- the duty command upper limit value is set to D2 (%) smaller than D1 (%).
- the control unit 130 fixes the duty ratio to the duty command upper limit value D2 when the voltage VL becomes the voltage upper limit value Vmax. This is because there is a high possibility that an erroneous voltage detection value is transmitted from the high voltage detection unit 140 due to a communication abnormality, so that the duty ratio is set assuming that the voltage VL becomes the voltage upper limit value Vmax regardless of the voltage detection value. It is a limitation. Therefore, even if a voltage VL equal to the voltage upper limit value Vmax is input to the DC / DC converter 100 after the communication abnormality is determined, it is ensured that a voltage exceeding the withstand voltage is applied to the internal elements. Can be avoided.
- the DC The operation of the DC converter 100 can be continued.
- the DC / DC converter 100 can continue to output power to the power supply wiring AMD without damaging internal elements.
- the output voltage of the DC / DC converter can be supplied to the auxiliary battery 20 and the auxiliary load 110 even when the output voltage of the auxiliary battery 20 decreases corresponding to the operation of the auxiliary load 110. .
- the output voltage Vdc of the DC / DC converter 100 is as shown by the line k2 in FIG.
- a threshold voltage Vth a voltage
- the lower limit value Vmin of the voltage range of the voltage VL may be increased.
- the lower limit value Vmin # of the voltage range of the voltage VL is the voltage VL when the output voltage Vdc becomes the threshold value Vth. Therefore, charge / discharge control of main battery 10 is performed so that voltage VL (output voltage of main battery 10) falls within this limited voltage range.
- the DC / DC converter 100 can continue to output a voltage that guarantees normal operation of the auxiliary load 110 to the power supply wiring AMD without damaging internal elements.
- the present invention can be applied to a vehicle equipped with a power storage device, a drive device that receives power from the power storage device to generate vehicle driving force, and an auxiliary device that operates by receiving power from the power storage device.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
上記のように、デューティを電圧VLが電圧上限値Vmaxとなるときのデューティ指令上限値D2に固定したことによって、DC/DCコンバータ100の出力電圧Vdcは、図8のラインk2に示すように、電圧VLが低くなるに従って低下することとなる。すなわち、出力電圧Vdcは、電圧VLが通常電圧範囲の上限値Vmaxとなるときに最大となり(Vdc=Vdmax)、電圧VLが通常電圧範囲の下限値Vminとなるときに最小となる(Vdc=Vdmin)。そのため、出力電圧Vdcが補機負荷110の正常動作が保証される電圧(図中の閾値電圧Vthとする)を下回ってしまう虞がある。
Claims (5)
- 蓄電装置(10)と、前記蓄電装置(10)から電力を受けて車両駆動力を発生するための駆動装置と、前記蓄電装置(10)から電力を受けて動作する補機(110)とを備えた車両の電源システムであって、
前記蓄電装置(10)の端子間に直列に接続され、かつ、その接続点が接地された一対のコンデンサ(C1,C2)と、
スイッチング素子のスイッチング動作によって前記一対のコンデンサ(C1,C2)の出力電圧を降圧して前記補機(110)に供給するための電圧変換器(100)と、
前記一対のコンデンサ(C1,C2)の出力電圧を検出する電圧検出部(140)と、
前記電圧検出部(140)の検出値に応じて設定されるデューティに従って、前記スイッチング素子をスイッチング制御するための制御部(130)とを備え、
前記制御部(130)は、前記電圧検出部(140)の検出値に前記駆動装置の地絡故障による異常が検出された場合には、前記デューティを制限して前記スイッチング素子をスイッチング制御する、車両の電源システム。 - 前記制御部(130)は、前記異常が検出された場合には、前記デューティを、前記一対のコンデンサの出力電圧範囲の上限値に対応させて予め設定された前記デューティの許容範囲の上限値に固定する、請求項1に記載の車両の電源システム。
- 前記制御部(130)は、少なくとも前記スイッチング素子の耐圧に基づいて、前記デューティの許容範囲を設定する、請求項2に記載の車両の電源システム。
- 前記駆動装置は、前記異常が検出された場合には、前記一対のコンデンサ(C1,C2)の出力電圧範囲の下限値を引き上げる、請求項2に記載の車両の電源システム。
- 前記駆動装置は、前記デューティを前記デューティの許容範囲の上限値に固定したときの前記電圧変換器(100)の出力電圧が、前記補機(110)の正常動作が保証される電圧を上回るように、前記出力電圧範囲の下限値を設定する、請求項4に記載の車両の電源システム。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112011105105.0T DE112011105105B4 (de) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Energieversorgungssystem für ein Fahrzeug |
| PCT/JP2011/058194 WO2012131969A1 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 車両の電源システム |
| JP2013506979A JP5630569B2 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 車両の電源システム |
| CN201180069741.XA CN103444065B (zh) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 车辆的电源系统 |
| US14/005,478 US9030788B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Power supply system for vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/058194 WO2012131969A1 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 車両の電源システム |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012131969A1 true WO2012131969A1 (ja) | 2012-10-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/058194 Ceased WO2012131969A1 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 車両の電源システム |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9030788B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5630569B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103444065B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112011105105B4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012131969A1 (ja) |
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| JP2021158720A (ja) * | 2020-03-25 | 2021-10-07 | ローム株式会社 | 電源制御装置 |
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| TWI540816B (zh) * | 2014-03-10 | 2016-07-01 | 新唐科技股份有限公司 | 切換電路及馬達能源回收系統 |
| JP5904235B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-04-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電動車両用の電力変換器 |
| JP6277247B1 (ja) * | 2016-10-03 | 2018-02-07 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 変換装置、機器及び制御方法 |
| KR102542948B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-13 | 2023-06-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량용 급속충전 시스템 및 방법 |
| DE102018209464A1 (de) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-12-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Notenergiespeicher für ein Fahrzeug |
| JP7115082B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-09 | 2022-08-09 | 株式会社デンソー | 充電制御装置及び充電制御システム |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103444065B (zh) | 2015-07-29 |
| DE112011105105B4 (de) | 2015-08-06 |
| JPWO2012131969A1 (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
| US20140009855A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
| JP5630569B2 (ja) | 2014-11-26 |
| DE112011105105T5 (de) | 2014-01-02 |
| US9030788B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 |
| CN103444065A (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
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