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WO2012156375A1 - Appareil et procédé pour l'ouverture totalement automatique de caisses pour produits agricoles - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour l'ouverture totalement automatique de caisses pour produits agricoles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012156375A1
WO2012156375A1 PCT/EP2012/058951 EP2012058951W WO2012156375A1 WO 2012156375 A1 WO2012156375 A1 WO 2012156375A1 EP 2012058951 W EP2012058951 W EP 2012058951W WO 2012156375 A1 WO2012156375 A1 WO 2012156375A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
walls
crate
stack
opened
crates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/058951
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Luca Benedetti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unitec SpA
Original Assignee
Unitec SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unitec SpA filed Critical Unitec SpA
Priority to ES12720219.0T priority Critical patent/ES2543314T3/es
Priority to US14/004,112 priority patent/US20130340393A1/en
Priority to EP20120720219 priority patent/EP2709917B1/fr
Priority to CA2832338A priority patent/CA2832338A1/fr
Priority to BR112013024279A priority patent/BR112013024279A2/pt
Priority to PL12720219T priority patent/PL2709917T3/pl
Publication of WO2012156375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012156375A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B43/00—Forming, feeding, opening or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging
    • B65B43/26—Opening or distending bags; Opening, erecting, or setting-up boxes, cartons, or carton blanks
    • B65B43/265—Opening, erecting or setting-up boxes, cartons or carton blanks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a perfected apparatus and method to open the crates normally used to contain agricultural products; in fact, it should be reminded that after being used and emptied, said crates are closed again reclining inwards the relative vertical walls.
  • the object of this operation is that of considerably reducing the overall bulk of said crates, as after being used they have to be rearranged as to be sent anew to the harvesting and filling centres.
  • each still closed crate is separately carried to the opening station and then raised and opened.
  • the crate After being opened, the crate is laterally moved and then lowered to be placed, still separately, on a sliding means, which carries the crate onto a successive suitable stacking station of the open crates.
  • the crates are to arrive one by one at the opening station, and therefore this prevents them from being already stacked.
  • the crates are normally ready to be opened already in stacks of reclined wall crates, i.e. closed, and therefore it is convenient to open them without having to separate the crate from the relative stack.
  • the crates are individually arranged onto suitable guides so as to be stacked again, and this too, is a further operation, which again requires time, and a specific operation.
  • the crate are again ready as relative stacks of opened crates, immediately and orderly ready to be used.
  • FIGS. 1 a, 1 b, 1 c, and 1 d show respectively a plan top view from of one of such crates completely closed, a perspective view of the same crate with only two opened walls, and finally the same crate fully opened which is inserted and "worked", i.e. opened, in an apparatus according to the invention
  • FIGSa,and 2b show two perspective views of an apparatus according to the invention, seen from two different observation points
  • FIGS. 2c and 2d show two perspective views similar to figures 2a and 2b, wherein the apparatus contain both stacks or piles of already opened crates and of those to be opened,
  • figure 2e shows an outer side view of the apparatus in the previous figures
  • figure 2f shows a perspective symbolic view of a single stack of crates 1 a, 1 b, 1 c... arranged on a sliding means and ready to be carried to a station where the walls are opened
  • figure 2g shows a plan and side symbolic view of a plurality of stacks 1 1 , 12, 13 arranged on a sliding and ready to be carried to a station where the walls are opened
  • figure 2h shows a perspective symbolic view of the stack in figure 2g
  • figure 2i shows a symbolic plan and side view of a preliminary and lifting phase of the opening operation of the crates
  • figure 21 shows a symbolic view and a perspective one of the stack in figure 2i
  • figure 2m synthetically shows the initial condition and the final condition of a stack of crates according to the method of the invention
  • figure 2n shows a symbolic perspective view of the stack in figure 2m
  • figure 3 shows a sub-assembly of the apparatus in the previous figures, designed and meant to sequentially open the walls of the crates housed wherein,
  • figure 4 shows a plan top view of the sub-assembly in figure 3 wherein a still closed crate is symbolically placed
  • figure 5 shows a view of the assembly in figure 4 together with the same crate
  • figure 6 shows a view similar to that in figure 5, but with the two front walls already raised
  • figure 7 shows a perspective view of the sub-assembly in figure 6 in a subsequent operating arrangement apt to raise the other two walls of the same crate
  • figure 8 shows a perspective view of the sub-assembly in figure 7, in yet another operating arrangement
  • figure 9 shows a perspective view of the sub-assembly in figures 7 and 8, in a final operating arrangement, with all walls already raised,
  • FIGS. 10a to 10d show respective subsequent working phases, shown in a simplified and symbolic way, of the sub-assembly in figures 8 and 9,
  • FIGS. 10c-1 and 10d-1 show respective top views of the sub-assembly in figs. 10c and 10d,
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show respective subsequent working phases, shown in a simplified and symbolic way of the sub-assembly in figs. 8 and 9,
  • FIGS. 12a and 12b show a perspective top view of two subsequent working phases of a further sub-assembly of the apparatus of the invention shown in a simplified and symbolic way
  • figures 12c, 12d and 12e show a partially transparent and symbolic plan and vertical views of the sub-assembly in the previous figures, wherein figure 12a shows the same phase as in figure 12c, and figure 12b shows the same phase as in figure 12e; figure 12d shows an intermediate phase between them,
  • figure 13 shows a schematic perspective view of a stack of opened crates during the accumulation and stacking phase of said crates after being opened according to the invention. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
  • crates 1 here with taken into consideration each one is provided with a bottom plane 2, with a first pair of sides or opposed walls 3, 3A and with a second pair of opposed walls 4, 4a.
  • said walls can be hinged with a suitable hinge 2A applied between a lower side of the same wall and the bottom plane 2 so that, after being opened, the crate is as shown, in a simplified way, in figures 1 b, 1 c, and 1 d.
  • the two opposed walls 3, 3A are provided, on the respective vertical rims (obviously with the crate completely opened), with two edges 3C, 3C-A which extend parallel to the adjacent walls 4, 4A; this is true for both said opposed walls 3, 3A, even though in said figures 1 b, 1 c and 1 d only the sides facing the observation point of the figure are identified.
  • edges 3C, 3C-A etc. is of primary importance for the invention; in fact it has to be born in mind that when the crate is filled with products, the walls undergo a stress which tends to open them outwardly, and in order to prevent such undesirable phenomenon, edges 3C and 3C-A and other similar edges, not seen, but belonging to walls 3, 3A, and adjacent to walls 4, 4A of figure 1 d, are provided with engaging means, such as a release or similar, so as to be able to engage with corresponding cooperating elements, not shown, provided inside the vertical and side rim adjacent to the remaining edgeless walls 4 and 4A.
  • engaging means such as a release or similar
  • first stack 1 1 is together with a plurality of other stacks basically alike 12, 13... All of them are arranged side by side and adjacent, in a series and homogenously oriented, meaning that any stack, according to the invention, is perfectly interchangeable with any other stack of the same plurality.
  • figures from 2a to 2I show only the typical method of the invention, and hence they show a series of operations and subsequent movement conditions of the stack and of its upper crate, completely regardless of the apparatuses and/or means apt to carry out said operations; anyway such apparatuses will be better described later.
  • the method of the invention comprises the following operations, which are to be carried out one after the other even though, as it will be seen later, further additional operations can be added between an operation and the following one:
  • the foregoing method consists in that, with reference to figures 2m and 2n, after being opened, said open crate is separated from the relative underneath stack of still closed crates, and it is laterally moved and lowered until the relative bottom plane 2 is laid onto said second stack 16 of already previously opened crates.
  • a first advantage of the invention in fact it is possible to act on each one of the crates used in the method when the crates themselves are still stacked in a closed state, that is as they are normally supplied; and besides, also the already opened crates are supplied in respective single stacks, that is in the most efficient and therefore most desired configuration.
  • this simple and first form of embodiment of the method is usually not sufficient to solve a problem which occurs in the operating practice; in fact, and with reference to figures 2g and 2h, it can happen that the various stacks 1 1 , 12, 13 do not usually have the same height as they can have a different number of crates 1 a, 1 b, 1 c... (for simplicity this same numbering is used for different stacks but surely it will not cause any misunderstanding).
  • a first improvement of the invention consists in that, after said operation a), and before operation b), the stack, which each time has the upper crate still closed and which has to be opened, is lifted to a level so that the crate which is in the upper position and having reclined walls reaches said predetermined level "L".
  • a second improvement again of the method, consists in that, after having been lifted to said operating level "L", the upper crates is singularly blocked with respect to said first working station through suitable means 14 and 14a acting laterally on the relative bottom plane 2.
  • said means 14 are formed, as shown in fig. 2i, by a pressing movable element 14, and by a fixed catch element 14a, arranged on the opposite side of said movable element 14a.
  • Said means 14 are shown only symbolically in fig. 2i, as they are easily imaginable and practicable by those skilled in the art; it obvious that after the crate has been opened, said means 14 are automatically disengaged from said bottom plane 2.
  • first laying and transferring means of the stacks of closed crates which are typically formed by one or more parallel sliding means 40, 41 horizontally arranged and whereon the stacks of closed crates 1 1 , 12, 13... are loaded,
  • an arrival and loading station 45 (see figures 2a, 2e and symbolically 2i) whereto said sliding means 40, 41 lead, arranged inside said box-shaped structure and apt to receive sequentially and one at a time the various stacks transferred by said first laying means,
  • lifting means 47 arranged in correspondence with said first arrival station 45 and able to lift each single stack arrived and waiting at the same arrival station 45 according to a suitable prearranged sequence and transferred by suitable command and control means, not shown and known in themselves, a working/opening station generally identified as 15 and arranged higher and vertically with respect to said arrival station 45, at a level at least the same as the upper highest level reachable by the upper crate 1 of stack 1 1 , arrived at said arrival station 45; said opening station 15 being in a fixed position with respect to said fixed structure and it is schematically shown in figures 2b, 2e, 3 and 4.
  • opening station 15 is provided with operating means and operating method which will be later described and explained in a more detailed way; they are intervention means on the crate apt to:
  • Such last lowering movement can be advantageously carried out disengaging the opened crate by means of said "spider" and then immediately engaging it vertically to movable support in a controllable way.
  • Such support (see fig. 2A) is generally formed by a suitable lowering frame 141 vertically movable, basically similar, both in the construction and in the functioning, to said previously described means 14; therefore a detailed description is not necessary as they are constructively and functionally known in themselves and easy to make by the expert in the art without any further explanation.
  • said lowering frame 141 can be commanded to carry in succession the single opened crates, lowering the single crate to a predetermined level and disengaging it when said level is reached, so as to orderly place it:
  • either on second support and transferring means of the stacks of opened crates means which are typically formed by a sliding means 60, (figures 2a, 2b, 2d) horizontally arranged and apt of moving the successive stacks of opened crates away from the apparatus;
  • figures 2m and 2n show the initial and final situation of the method wherein the upper crate of stack 1 1 is first lifted up to level “L" (position A), then opened in position B, hence horizontally transferred to position "C” and finally lowered and placed in position D onto a stack 16 of already opened crates.
  • a four-sided frame 70 It is arranged a four-sided frame 70, and with sides having dimensions apt to internally house the crate which is at said level "L" and basically integral to said fixed structure.
  • two actuators 73, 74 preferably pneumatic, are provided having respective inner pistons, not shown, apt to horizontally move towards the inside of said frame in a direction orthogonal to the other two walls 4, 4A.
  • Two respective extractable means 75, 76 are constrained on the outer surface of such pistons and each of said pistons is capable to selectively move either towards the inner portion of the frame, and therefore generally towards the walls of said crates, or to go back to the initial position, therefore pushing frontward and selectively retracting said respective extractable means 75,76 (see figures 10a, 10b).
  • the described elements are reciprocally dimensioned and arranged so that if actuator 73 actuates the relative piston, this pushes the respective extractable means 75 towards the inside of the frame so pushing against the side edge 3C and therefore pressing against it, basically constituting a pressure engagement apt to drag said edge 3C (and the corresponding edge 3C-A, see figures 6, 7).
  • actuator 73 is integral with the first arm 77 of a first type lever hinged on a hinge 78 having axis "S" horizontal and orthogonal to axis "C” of the hinge of the adjacent wall 4, and substantially aligned to the hinge rotation axis relative to wall 3, as shown in figures 7, 8, 10a-10d.
  • the second arm 79 of said lever is provided with an end 79A rotatably constrained to the end of a second actuator; in said figures it is shown that this second actuator comprises a second vertical piston 80, with a double effect, selectively slidable inside a vertical cylinder 81 .
  • This one is vertically arranged, that is orthogonal to said axis "S", and hence, as shown in the figures, when said second cylinder 81 is actuated, it causes the second piston 80 to exit which, acting by means of its end common to said end 79A of the lever arm, causes the entire lever arm to rotate around its axis "S".
  • the first lever arm 77 is then consequently rotated, and at the end of the rotation also said actuator 73 and its relative extractable means 75 will be outwardly rotated of about 90°, as shown in figure 10d.
  • edge 3C and the similar edges (3C-A) of said two walls 3, 3A of the crate housed in the frame are pressure-held by said two extractable means 75, 76 which act pressure holding said walls 3, 3A of the crate from two opposite sides; to operate means 80, 81 ; this causes the first actuator and the relative extractable means to rotate outwardly.
  • two respective actuators 90, 91 are arranged, these are provided with means able to lift upward and to lower two respective sliding elements 92, 93, preferably double effect cylinder pistons.
  • a respective "hooking" means 95, 96 generally formed with a plane surface which can be variously folded, generally oriented inwardly and hence oriented one facing the other; their object is that of inserting underneath the outer rims 4-B, 4A-B of a respective wall 4, 4A which at this stage, when said walls are still closed, is nearly adjacent to the bottom plane 2 and inwardly oriented.
  • Said "hooking" means 95 is shaped so that its outer rim 98 of one of its portions 97 will be oriented downward when the relative sliding element 92 is oriented upward, has shown in figure 1 1 a.
  • actuator 90 is also able to rotate, if driven to that by a suitable control and rotating means, around a respective rotation axis which in the figures is placed at the respective rotation axis "C" of the hinge of the respective still lowered wall.
  • a suitable control and rotating means to rotate, if driven to that by a suitable control and rotating means, around a respective rotation axis which in the figures is placed at the respective rotation axis "C" of the hinge of the respective still lowered wall.
  • said outer rim 98 is at the maximum distance, that is height, from the relative wall 4; at this stage the first phase consists in rotating said acutator 90 inwardly and around said axis "T" for about a right angle, as shown in figures 1 1 a, 1 1 b and figure 7 so as to place the actuator parallel to wall 4; in such a position also said outer rim 98 is rotated until it is in a horizontal position and facing the outer part of the crate, even if its position is inside wall 4 which has to be raised.
  • axis "C" of the hinge of wall 4 is different from the rotation axis "T” of actuator 90.
  • a vertical arm 201 telescopically retractable and extendable in a controllable way, a central body 200 which supports said arm 201 ; in turn this central body 200 can be vertically lifted and lowered in a controllable way and it can be transferred onto a horizontal plane, preferably in a rectilinear motion, but not limited to this,
  • an operation body arranged integral to the lower portion of said telescopic arm 201 , two horizontal arms 203, 203A which extend on two opposed sides, - and therefore along a same straight line but with opposed directions, - of said operation body 202,
  • the geometrical configuration of the described elements and their arrangement and relative dimensions are such that means 205 are apt to being extracted and respectively retracted from the respective operation box 204; this in turn is dimensioned so that its horizontal dimension enables the insertion of said box 204 inside the already opened crate 1 .
  • extractable means 205 and 205A can have:
  • Said vertical arm 201 can therefore be extended downward, going from a level “V1 " to a level "V2" so that the operating body 202 is lowered to the point wherein it goes inside the crate, as in figure 12d.
  • these two pairs of extractable means 205 and 205A are arranged so the a first pair faces wall 4, and the opposite pair of extractable means faces the opposed wall 4A.
  • said extractable means initially, and because of their construction, are arranged exactly facing a respective common and blocking area between an edge 3C of said wall 3 and a respective edge 4S of an adiacent wall 4, and exactly in the same way between an edge 3C-A of the respective wall 3C and a respective edge 4S1 adiacent to an adiacent wall, the pressure exerted by said extractable means causes the contextual slight motion of said edges outwardly, to the point wherein an edge engages by pushing against the corrisponding edge 3C; a similar situation occurs for the other rims and respective edges, and of course for the relative extractable means.
  • the method then keeps on through the horizontal motion of said opened crate and engaged through said extractable means; such horizontal motion is carried out through known means and through conventional techniques.
  • the movement has to transfer the opened crate from position "B" to the position external to the vertical of stack 1 1 of the still closed crates and therefore it goes onto a different position "C"; after reaching this position, said extractable means are permanently retracted so as the opened crate, not held any more, is engaged by the support below preferably formed by lowering frame 141 , as previously described.
  • Such ordered sequence has therefore to be planned and carried out by said command and control unit in order to give such means, units, devices, all the needed commands so that the above described methods are carried out in an ordered way according to the described sequences.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour l'ouverture totalement automatique de deux paires de parois inclinées opposées d'une pluralité de caisses, de préférence pour produits agricoles, superposées verticalement l'une sur l'autre pour former un premier empilement respectif et qui comporte les étapes suivantes: le transport du premier empilement jusqu'à un poste de travail, le soulèvement vertical des deux parois opposées de la caisse supérieure par rotation respective par rapport au plan inférieur, le soulèvement vertical des deux autres parois avant par rotation respective, le blocage d'au moins une des parois latérales jusqu'à une paroi latérale adjacente, le transfert horizontal de la caisse ouverte dans une position qui permet de l'abaisser et le déposer sur un second empilement adjacent formé par les caisses déjà ouvertes. Le poste de travail est équipé de moyens qui permettent d'ouvrir deux premières parois opposées grâce à une pression de deux moyens d'extraction poussant contre les rebords ou les bords latéraux desdites deux parois et qui sont entraînés en rotation pour entraîner ces parois en une rotation, et donc de les ouvrir. Les deux autres parois sont ouvertes par des moyens «en forme de mains» qui sont introduits sous les rebords intérieurs des parois abaissées et qui sont entraînés en rotation autour d'axes respectifs de sorte que ces «mains» soulèvent et ouvrent les parois associées. Un seul dispositif pénètre à l'intérieur de la caisse ouverte et est capable à la fois de bloquer les parois adjacentes et de soulever la caisse ouverte pour la déplacer et la déposer sur un empilement différent.
PCT/EP2012/058951 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 Appareil et procédé pour l'ouverture totalement automatique de caisses pour produits agricoles Ceased WO2012156375A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES12720219.0T ES2543314T3 (es) 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 Aparato y método para abrir de forma totalmente automática cajas para productos agrícolas
US14/004,112 US20130340393A1 (en) 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 Apparatus and method to fully automatically open crates for agricultural products
EP20120720219 EP2709917B1 (fr) 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 Appareil et procédé pour l'ouverture totalement automatique de caisses pour produits agricoles
CA2832338A CA2832338A1 (fr) 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 Appareil et procede pour l'ouverture totalement automatique de caisses pour produits agricoles
BR112013024279A BR112013024279A2 (pt) 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 aparelho e método para abrir de maneira totalmente automática engradados para produtos para agricultura
PL12720219T PL2709917T3 (pl) 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 Urządzenie i sposób w pełni automatycznego otwierania skrzynek na produkty rolne

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000034A ITPN20110034A1 (it) 2011-05-16 2011-05-16 Apparato e procedimento per l'apertura automatica di casse per prodotti orto-frutticoli
ITPN2011A000034 2011-05-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012156375A1 true WO2012156375A1 (fr) 2012-11-22

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2012/058951 Ceased WO2012156375A1 (fr) 2011-05-16 2012-05-14 Appareil et procédé pour l'ouverture totalement automatique de caisses pour produits agricoles

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20130340393A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2709917B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112013024279A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2832338A1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2013003194A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2543314T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITPN20110034A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2709917T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2709917E (fr)
WO (1) WO2012156375A1 (fr)

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ITPN20130053A1 (it) * 2013-09-12 2015-03-13 Unitec Spa Apparato perfezionato per l¿apertura automatica di casse di differenti dimensioni
WO2015110878A1 (fr) 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 Unitec S.P.A. Installation automatique d'ouverture automatique de caisses de produits d'horticulture et d'autres produits
CZ309637B6 (cs) * 2021-08-19 2023-05-31 Media CZ s. r. o Automatický průjezdný otevírač pro otevírání složených plastových přepravek otočených dnem vzhůru

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CL2020002515A1 (es) * 2020-09-29 2021-02-12 Wenco Sa Máquina y método para el armado automatizado de cajas plegables
US11529653B2 (en) 2021-01-11 2022-12-20 Durand-Wayland, Inc. Produce sorting systems and methods
IT202300011550A1 (it) * 2023-06-07 2024-12-07 Teco Srl Dispositivo di apertura di cassette pieghevoli

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITPN20130053A1 (it) * 2013-09-12 2015-03-13 Unitec Spa Apparato perfezionato per l¿apertura automatica di casse di differenti dimensioni
WO2015036896A1 (fr) 2013-09-12 2015-03-19 Unitec S.P.A. Appareil amélioré d'ouverture automatique de caisses de différentes dimensions
WO2015110878A1 (fr) 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 Unitec S.P.A. Installation automatique d'ouverture automatique de caisses de produits d'horticulture et d'autres produits
US20160318642A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-11-03 Unitec S.P.A. Automatic installation for the automatic opening of crates for orthi-cultural and other products
CZ309637B6 (cs) * 2021-08-19 2023-05-31 Media CZ s. r. o Automatický průjezdný otevírač pro otevírání složených plastových přepravek otočených dnem vzhůru

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2709917A1 (fr) 2014-03-26
US20130340393A1 (en) 2013-12-26
CA2832338A1 (fr) 2012-11-22
CL2013003194A1 (es) 2014-11-21
BR112013024279A2 (pt) 2016-12-27
ES2543314T3 (es) 2015-08-18
EP2709917B1 (fr) 2015-04-22
PT2709917E (pt) 2015-07-30
PL2709917T3 (pl) 2015-08-31
ITPN20110034A1 (it) 2012-11-17

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